WO2025008117A1 - System comprising a screw device, a nut, and a screw part having a threaded region - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system comprising a screw device, a nut, and a screw part having a threaded region, wherein the screw device has a housing part in which an output gearing part is rotatably mounted, wherein the output gearing part has an internal polygonal recess in which the nut is or can be accommodated, wherein the nut is interlockingly accommodated in the output gearing part in the peripheral direction relative to the rotational axis of the output gear part, wherein a movably arranged slider has a locking tab, wherein, in a first position of the slider, the locking tab is positioned below the nut in the direction of gravity, and, in a second position of the slider, the locking tab does not restrict the nut.

Description

System with screw device, nut and a screw part with a threaded area

Description:

The invention relates to a system with a screw device, a nut and a screw part having a threaded area.

It is well known that a nut can be screwed onto a threaded area using a tool.

From DD 1 44222 A1 a device for providing and positioning screw elements is known.

A device for automatically screwing on nuts is known from DD 2 24260 A1.

The invention is therefore based on the object of further developing an automated, safe unscrewing process.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in the system according to the features specified in claim 1.

Important features of the invention in the system with screw device, nut and a screw part having a threaded area, in particular a threaded pin or bolt, are that the screw device has a housing part in which a driven toothed part is rotatably mounted, wherein the driven toothed part has an inner polygonal recess in which the nut is received or can be received, wherein the nut is received in the peripheral direction in a form-fitting manner in the driven toothed part with respect to the axis of rotation of the driven toothed part, wherein a movably arranged slider has a locking tab, wherein the locking tab is arranged in a first position of the slider in the direction of gravity below the nut, in particular so that the nut is delimited by the locking tab in the direction of gravity, and the locking tab does not delimit the nut in a second position of the slider, in particular so that the vertical projection of the nut in the direction of gravity into a plane whose normal direction is aligned parallel to the direction of gravity is spaced from the vertical projection of the locking tab and/or the slider into this plane.

The advantage here is that the nut held in the screw device can be secured against falling out by means of the locking tab. Only when the screw connection between the nut and the threaded area begins is the locking tab pulled back, thus releasing the nut for screw connection to the threaded area.

By accommodating the nut in a gear part, the externally toothed gear part can be driven by another gear, which in turn is driven by a gear that is driven directly or via other gears by an input gear part.

In an advantageous embodiment, the inner polygonal recess is a hexagon socket and the nut has an outer hexagon area. The advantage here is that there is a positive connection in the circumferential direction and thus the nut can be set in rotation by the screw device.

In an advantageous embodiment, the nut has a collar region that projects radially towards the external hexagon region, in particular for axially limiting the nut, in particular wherein the collar region adjoins the external hexagon region, in particular wherein the axial direction is related to the axis of rotation of the driven toothed part. The advantage here is that the nut can only be inserted up to the stop of the collar region on the front side of the driven toothed part or up to the stop of the collar region on the housing part. In an advantageous embodiment, the slide can be driven by a linear actuator, in particular a pneumatic drive, of the screw device, in particular linearly and/or reciprocally, in particular wherein the linear actuator, in particular a pneumatic drive, is attached to the housing part and/or is supported. The advantage here is that the screw device including the linear actuator can be designed to be compact.

In an advantageous embodiment, the output gear part can be driven by a drive gear part via further gears that mesh with one another, wherein the drive gear part can be driven by an electric motor of the screw device. The advantage here is that the drive can be carried out with a high torque.

In an advantageous embodiment, the output gear part can be driven by a toothed belt, which can be driven by an input gear part that is rotatably mounted in the screw device. The advantage here is that the drive can be carried out simply and inexpensively.

In an advantageous embodiment, the system has a robot arm that holds the screwing device. The advantage here is that the nut can be screwed on in different orientations and positions.

In an advantageous embodiment, the inner polygonal recess is formed continuously through the driven toothed part and/or through the screw device.

In another advantageous embodiment, the inner polygonal recess is surrounded by a recess that runs through the screw device. The advantage here is that when the nut is inserted into the recess, no air cushion is built up, which makes insertion more difficult. In an advantageous embodiment, the slide is arranged to be linearly movable, with a linear guide being formed or attached to the housing part, which guides the slide linearly. It is advantageous that the slide can be guided on the housing part.

In an advantageous embodiment, a slide bracket is connected to the housing part, the slide being connected by means of slide side parts to a slide block on which the linear actuator, in particular a plunger of the linear actuator, is supported, in particular the slide block having a cylindrical projection which is guided in an elongated hole in the slide bracket. The advantage here is that the slide bracket is easy to implement and functions as a guide together with the housing part. In addition, there is a stable slide block into which forces can be introduced from the linear actuator, in particular the pneumatic drive.

In an advantageous embodiment, the slide bracket has a non-circular recess into which a correspondingly shaped elevation of the housing part protrudes, in particular to achieve a play-free and precisely fitting connection between the slide bracket and the slide device. The advantage here is that a rigid connection between the housing part and the slide bracket can be achieved.

In an advantageous embodiment, the slider is arranged to be rotatable relative to the housing part, with a swivel joint for the slider being formed or attached to the housing part. The advantage here is that the installation space of the system is larger in the lateral direction but smaller in the direction of the connecting line between the driving and driven gear parts.

In an advantageous embodiment, the slide is screwed and/or pinned to the slide side parts and/or the slide block is screwed and/or pinned to the slide side parts. The advantage here is that a stable structure is achieved.

In an advantageous embodiment, the slider has the locking tab and two lateral guide tabs of the slider, which rest on the housing part and limit the slider in the transverse direction to the linear movement, in particular and thus guide, in particular, the guide tabs on the locking tab are bent at a vertical bending angle. The advantage here is that the slider can be made as a stamped and bent part from a metal sheet in one piece, in particular in one piece, and supports the locking function as well as the guide function.

In an advantageous embodiment, the slide bracket is designed as a flat stamped sheet metal part. The advantage here is that it is simple and cost-effective to manufacture.

In an advantageous embodiment, the linear actuator is attached to the slider console. The advantage here is that the slider device requires an elongated installation space, but the lateral expansion is limited.

Further advantages arise from the subclaims. The invention is not limited to the combination of features in the claims. The person skilled in the art will recognize further useful combination options of claims and/or individual claim features and/or features of the description and/or the figures, in particular from the task and/or the task arising from comparison with the prior art.

The invention will now be explained in more detail using schematic illustrations:

Figure 1 shows a first screwing device according to the invention in an oblique view.

Figure 2 shows a sectional view of the screw device.

Figure 3 shows a side view of the screw device.

Figure 4 shows a top view of the screw device.

Figure 5 shows an oblique view of the exploded screw device.

Figure 6 shows a second screw device in an oblique view.

In Figure 7, a driven gear part 70 of a third screw device is shown in an oblique view.

Figure 8 shows a plan view corresponding to Figure 7.

Figure 9 shows a sectional view corresponding to Figure 7.

In Figure 10, a driven gear part 70 of a fourth screw device is shown in an oblique view.

In Figure 11, the nut, which can be inserted into the driven gear part 70, is shown in an oblique view.

In Figure 12, a driven toothed part 70 of a fifth screw device is shown in an oblique view, wherein a spring ring 120 is inserted into the driven toothed part 70.

Figure 13 shows a plan view corresponding to Figure 12. Figure 14 shows a sectional view corresponding to Figure 12.

Figure 15 shows an exploded oblique view corresponding to Figure 12.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the screw device has a housing part 1 on which a pneumatic drive 6 is arranged, which drives a slide 3, which has a locking tab 7, via a plunger 5, so that this slide 3 can be moved linearly, in particular can be moved back and forth.

In the housing part 1, a particularly continuous recess is formed, in which a nut 2 can be received, wherein the nut 2 is positively connected to a driving gear of the screw device.

In a first linear position of the slider 3, the locking tab 7 secures the nut 2 in a form-fitting manner, in particular against falling out of the recess of the housing part 1. In particular, the locking tab 7 is arranged below the recess for this purpose.

In a second linear position of the slide 3, the locking tab 7 is retracted from the recess and thus the nut 2 is not secured against falling out. Therefore, the nut 2 begins to move downwards and can thus be screwed onto a threaded area of a screw part arranged below the recess, such as a threaded pin or screw, by driving the driven gear part.

For this purpose, gears are arranged within the housing part in a rotatable manner and are in engagement with one another, wherein a first of the gears is in engagement with the driving gear part 8, in particular gear, and a last of the gears is in engagement with the driving gear part, in which the nut 2 is received in a form-fitting manner in the circumferential direction.

By means of a driving electric motor, which is not shown in the figures, the driving gear part 8 can be set in rotational movement and thus also the driving gear part. The nut 2 placed on the threaded area and driven by the driven gear part 8 is thus set in rotational movement by the driven gear part and is thereby screwed onto the threaded area.

The screwing device can be held and moved by a robot arm. This means that screw connections can be operated fully automatically.

The slide 3 can be arranged on the side of the housing part 1 facing away from the pneumatic drive.

The area covered by the slide 3 in the direction of the linear axis overlaps with the area covered by the pneumatic drive in the direction of the linear axis.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 to 5, in contrast to the embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2, the pneumatic drive is spaced from the locking tab 7 in the direction of the linear axis.

The slide 3 is connected to the slide bracket 31 by means of two side parts 32, which connect the slide 3 to a slide block 30, wherein the slide is movable in the direction of the linear axis.

The sliding bracket 31 is attached to the housing part 1, in particular from below, i.e. on the side of the housing part 1 facing away from the driving gear part.

The slider has the two side parts 32, the slider block 30 and the locking tab 7, in particular the slider blade, in particular wherein these parts are screwed and pinned together.

The slide bracket 31 has a non-circular through hole into which a correspondingly shaped projection of the housing part 1 projects, so that the housing part 1 is positively connected to the slide bracket at least in the direction of the linear axis. A pin protruding from the slide block projects into an elongated hole in the slide bracket 31, so that the slide is guided by the slide bracket 31 in the direction of the linear axis, i.e. the sliding direction.

The slide bracket 31 has a narrow area in which the non-circular hole is arranged and a wide area on which a linear actuator, such as a pneumatic drive or the like, is mounted. The linear actuator is connected to the movably arranged slide block 30 and supported on the slide bracket 31. The slide is thus arranged to be movable back and forth.

The slot overlaps with both the narrow and the wide areas of the slide bracket 31.

When the slider is moved forward, i.e. in the direction from the wide side to the narrow side, the nut 2 is secured and is only released by moving the slider backwards before it is screwed onto the threaded area.

As shown in Figure 6, in a second embodiment, the slide 60 is arranged to be rotatable via a rotary joint 62 on the housing part 1. The locking tab 61 of the slide 60 is thus arranged to be movable by a rotary movement to secure the nut 2.

The drive for the rotary movement of the slide 60 can be realized by an electric motor, which is either mounted directly on the housing part 1 or behind the housing part 1, whereby the slide 60 is moved via rods or via a belt.

However, an increased lateral space requirement is required.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 7 to 11, the nut is held magnetically by permanent magnets 90 being glued into recesses of the driven gear part.

For this purpose, the driven toothed part 70 has an inner polygonal recess, in particular a hexagon socket. Radially extending recesses are eroded into two sides of the inner polygonal recess, into which the permanent magnets 90 are inserted and glued. The other sides of the inner polygonal recess are without eroded recesses and therefore has sufficient load-bearing capacity to dissipate the torque introduced when screwing the nut 2.

Preferably, the permanent magnets 90 are cylindrical and the recesses are correspondingly cylindrical.

Since the nut 2 is made of a ferromagnetic material, in particular steel, the nut 2 is held magnetically in the driven toothed part 70 and is thus secured against falling out, in particular in any spatial rotational position of the screw device. The trajectory of the screw device controlled by the robot can therefore be carried out without restriction of the spatial position.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 12 to 15, the nut 2 is held in a force-fitting manner by a spring ring 120 being fastened to the driven toothed part 70.

For this purpose, continuous axial grooves 121 are machined into the output gear part 70 in two side surfaces of the inner polygonal recess of the output gear part.

The spring ring 120 has an annular base region, from which radially outwardly extending beam-shaped regions 151 protrude, in particular radially outward. In addition, spring clips 150 protrude from the base region in the axial direction, wherein the respective end region spaced from the base region is bent in the radial direction.

The spring clips 150 of the spring ring 120 engage in the axial grooves 121 during the insertion of the spring ring 120 into the driven toothed part 70 and are elastically tensioned so that at the end of the insertion process the end regions engage behind the driven toothed part 70, in particular and rest against the end face of the driven toothed part 70.

Preferably, the spring clips 150 have a bend directed in the radial direction.

When inserting the nut 2 into the recess of the driven toothed part 70, the radial outer sides, in particular sides of the external hexagon surface area of the Nut 2, on the spring clips 150, which are thereby further elastically deformed. The spring clips 150 are elastically deformed by the nut 2 in the radial direction.

In this way, the nut 2 is held in a force-fitting manner in the driven toothed part 70 by elastic deformation of the spring clips 150.

When the driven gear part 70 rotates, a sufficient amount of torque is passed through those side surfaces of the inner polygonal recess of the driven gear part 70 which do not have axial grooves 121.

The radial regions 151 are located in correspondingly shaped recesses in the front side of the driven toothed part 70. This enables precise positioning and alignment of the spring ring 120. The spring ring 120 is manufactured as a stamped and bent part from a metal sheet.

In further embodiments of the invention,

list of reference symbols

1 housing part

2 mothers

3 sliders

4 closure part

5 pestles

6 pneumatic drive

7 locking tab

8 driving gear part

30 slide block

31 slider console

32 slider side part

60 sliders

61 locking tab

62 swivel joint

70 driven gear part

90 permanent magnet

100 edges

120 spring ring

121 axial groove

150 spring clips

151 radial areas

Claims

Patent claims: 1. System with screw device, nut and a screw part having a threaded area, in particular a threaded pin or bolt, wherein the screw device has a housing part in which a driven toothed part is arranged in a rotatable manner, characterized in that the driven toothed part has an internal polygonal recess, in particular a hexagonal recess, in which the nut is received or can be received, in particular wherein the nut is received in the peripheral direction in the driven toothed part in a form-fitting manner with respect to the axis of rotation of the driven toothed part, wherein a movably arranged slide has a locking tab, wherein the locking tab is arranged in a first position of the slide in the direction of gravity below the nut, in particular so that the nut is limited in the direction of gravity by the locking tab, and the locking tab does not limit the nut in a second position of the slide, in particular the vertical projection of the nut in the direction of gravity into a plane whose normal direction is aligned parallel to the direction of gravity is spaced from the vertical projection of the locking tab and/or the slider in this plane. 2. Screwing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner polygonal recess is a hexagon socket and the nut has an outer hexagon area. 3. Screwing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nut has a collar region projecting radially towards the external hexagon region, in particular for axially limiting the nut, in particular wherein the collar region adjoins the external hexagon region, in particular wherein the axial direction is related to the axis of rotation of the driven toothed part. 4. Screwing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slide is driven by a linear actuator, in particular a pneumatic drive, which Screw device can be driven, in particular linearly and/or reciprocally moved, in particular wherein the linear actuator, in particular pneumatic drive, is fastened to the housing part and/or is supported. 5. Screwing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the output gear part can be driven by a driving gear part via further gear wheels that are in engagement with one another, wherein the driving gear part can be driven by an electric motor of the screwing device, or that the output gear part can be driven by a toothed belt that can be driven by a driving gear part that is rotatably mounted in the screwing device. 6. Screwing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system has a robot arm by which the screwing device is held. 7. Screw device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner polygonal recess is formed continuously through the driven toothed part and/or through the screw device or that the inner polygonal recess is enclosed by a recess that extends through the screw device. 8. Screwing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slider is arranged to be linearly movable, wherein a linear guide is formed or attached to the housing part, which guides the slider linearly. 9. Screw device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a slide bracket is connected to the housing part, wherein the slide is connected by means of slide side parts to a slide block on which the linear actuator, in particular a plunger of the linear actuator, is supported, in particular wherein the slide block has a cylindrical projection which is guided in an elongated hole in the slide bracket. 10. Screw device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slide bracket has a non-circular recess into which a correspondingly shaped elevation projects, in particular to achieve a play-free and precisely fitting connection between the slide bracket and the slide device. 11. Screw device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slide is arranged to be rotatable relative to the housing part, wherein a rotary joint for the slide is formed or attached to the housing part. 12. Screwing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slide is screwed and/or pinned to the slide side parts and/or the slide block is screwed and/or pinned to the slide side parts. 13. Screw device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slide has the locking tab and two lateral guide tabs which rest on the housing part and in particular limit and thus guide the slide in the transverse direction for linear movement, in particular wherein the guide tabs on the locking tab are bent at a vertical bending angle. 14. Screwing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slide bracket is designed as a flat stamped sheet metal part. 15. Screw device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the linear actuator is attached to the slide bracket.