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WO2025004135A1 - Dispositif d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation, procédé d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation et programme d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation - Google Patents

Dispositif d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation, procédé d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation et programme d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025004135A1
WO2025004135A1 PCT/JP2023/023552 JP2023023552W WO2025004135A1 WO 2025004135 A1 WO2025004135 A1 WO 2025004135A1 JP 2023023552 W JP2023023552 W JP 2023023552W WO 2025004135 A1 WO2025004135 A1 WO 2025004135A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
area
point
structure surface
radio wave
target structure
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Pending
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PCT/JP2023/023552
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
陸 大宮
匡史 岩渕
智明 小川
泰司 鷹取
貴大 富永
聡 須山
光司郎 北尾
光貴 中村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTT Docomo Inc
NTT Inc
Original Assignee
NTT Docomo Inc
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority to PCT/JP2023/023552 priority Critical patent/WO2025004135A1/fr
Publication of WO2025004135A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025004135A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/18Network planning tools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technology for estimating radio wave propagation characteristics between a transmitting point and a receiving point.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a ray tracing method, which is a method for estimating radio wave propagation characteristics in a wireless communication system.
  • the color image method is a method for estimating radio wave propagation characteristics in wireless communication systems.
  • a color image of the surface of a structure as seen from the transmitting and receiving points is created.
  • the propagation paths of scattered waves are searched for all at once based on the color image. This allows radio wave propagation characteristics such as propagation loss and received power to be estimated quickly and with high accuracy.
  • the first aspect relates to a propagation characteristic estimation device that estimates radio wave propagation characteristics between a transmitting point and a receiving point.
  • the propagation characteristic estimation device includes: one or more processors; and one or more storage devices that store environmental information indicating the arrangement of structural surfaces that reflect and scatter radio waves from a transmitting point to a receiving point.
  • the one or more processors extract, based on the environmental information, a structural surface that is visible from both the transmitting point and the receiving point as a structural surface of interest.
  • the one or more processors estimate the radio wave propagation characteristics of the propagation path between the transmission point and the reception point passing through the target structure surface based on a first area, which is the area of the target structure surface visible from the transmission point, and a second area, which is the area of the target structure surface visible from the reception point.
  • a first area which is the area of the target structure surface visible from the transmission point
  • a second area which is the area of the target structure surface visible from the reception point.
  • the second aspect relates to a propagation characteristic estimation method for estimating radio wave propagation characteristics between a transmitting point and a receiving point.
  • the propagation characteristic estimation method is as follows: Obtaining environmental information indicating the arrangement of structural surfaces that reflect and scatter radio waves from a transmitting point to a receiving point; extracting a structural surface that is visible from both the transmitting point and the receiving point as a target structural surface based on the environmental information; The method includes estimating radio wave propagation characteristics of a propagation path between the transmitting point and the receiving point passing through the target structure surface based on a first area, which is the area of the target structure surface visible from the transmitting point, and a second area, which is the area of the target structure surface visible from the receiving point.
  • Estimating the radio wave propagation characteristics includes, when the target structure surface is the reflecting surface of a dynamic reflector, estimating the radio wave propagation characteristics based on a first area and a second area when the inclination of the reflecting surface of the dynamic reflector is virtually corrected to result in a specular reflection state.
  • a third aspect relates to a propagation characteristic estimation program for estimating radio wave propagation characteristics between a transmission point and a reception point.
  • the propagation characteristic estimation program is executed by a computer.
  • the propagation characteristic estimation program is Obtaining environmental information indicating the arrangement of structural surfaces that reflect and scatter radio waves from a transmitting point to a receiving point; Extracting a structural surface that is visible from both the transmitting point and the receiving point as a target structural surface based on the environmental information;
  • the computer is caused to estimate the radio wave propagation characteristics of the propagation path between the transmission point and the reception point via the target structure surface based on a first area, which is the area of the target structure surface visible from the transmission point, and a second area, which is the area of the target structure surface visible from the reception point.
  • Estimating the radio wave propagation characteristics includes, when the target structure surface is the reflecting surface of a dynamic reflector, estimating the radio wave propagation characteristics based on a first area and a second area when the inclination of the reflecting surface of the dynamic reflector is virtually corrected to result in a specular reflection state.
  • radio wave propagation characteristics taking into account the characteristics of a dynamic reflector whose reflection direction is intentionally controlled.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a wireless communication system
  • 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a propagation characteristics estimation device
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a functional configuration related to a color image method.
  • 11 is a flowchart showing a propagation characteristic estimation process using a color image method.
  • FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the creation of a color image.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a color image.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a transmission point, a reception point, and a target structure surface.
  • 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a path gain calculation process in the case of a dynamic reflector.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a path gain calculation process (step S140).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a wireless communication system 1.
  • the wireless communication system 1 includes a transmission point Tx that transmits radio waves and a reception point Rx that receives radio waves. Since radio waves are reflected and scattered by buildings and the like, multiple propagation paths exist between the transmission point Tx and the reception point Rx.
  • structures 10 An object that affects radio wave propagation from the transmission point Tx to the reception point Rx is hereinafter referred to as a "structure 10".
  • structures 10 include buildings and walls.
  • a large number of structures 10 exist in a radio wave transmission area that includes the transmission point Tx and the reception point Rx.
  • Radio waves are reflected and scattered by the surfaces of the structures 10.
  • a surface of the structure 10 on which radio waves are reflected and scattered is hereinafter referred to as a "structure surface 11".
  • the structure surface 11 is a wall surface of a building.
  • the radio wave propagation characteristics in the wireless communication system 1 i.e., the radio wave propagation characteristics between the transmission point Tx and the reception point Rx
  • the radio wave propagation characteristics between the transmission point Tx and the reception point Rx are estimated taking into account the reflection and scattering of radio waves on the structure surface 11.
  • Examples of the radio wave propagation characteristics include propagation loss, radio wave intensity of the received wave, received power, delay time, etc.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a propagation characteristic estimation device 100 that estimates radio wave propagation characteristics between a transmitting point Tx and a receiving point Rx.
  • the propagation characteristic estimation device 100 is a computer including one or more processors 101 (hereinafter simply referred to as "processor 101") and one or more storage devices 102 (hereinafter simply referred to as “storage device 102").
  • the processor 101 executes various processes. Examples of the processor 101 include a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), and an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array).
  • the storage device 102 stores various information. Examples of the storage device 102 include an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), a volatile memory, and a non-volatile memory.
  • the propagation characteristic estimation program 103 is a computer program (software) executed by the processor 101.
  • the functions of the propagation characteristic estimation device 100 may be realized by cooperation between the processor 101, which executes the propagation characteristic estimation program 103, and the storage device 102.
  • the propagation characteristic estimation program 103 is stored in the storage device 102.
  • the propagation characteristic estimation program 103 may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium.
  • the propagation characteristic estimation program 103 may be provided via a network.
  • the environmental information 104 is information necessary for estimating radio wave propagation characteristics in the wireless communication system 1.
  • the environmental information 104 includes position information of the transmission point Tx and position information of the reception point Rx.
  • the environmental information 104 also includes structure information indicating the arrangement of the structures 10 that affect the radio wave propagation from the transmission point Tx to the reception point Rx.
  • the structure information includes the arrangement (position, orientation, size) and reflection coefficient of each structure surface 11 of each structure 10.
  • the structure information may be given in the form of three-dimensional CAD (Computer-Aided Design) data, BIM (Building Information Modeling) data, etc.
  • the environmental information 104 may include information on the wavelength of the radio waves used in the wireless communication system 1.
  • the environmental information 104 is stored in the storage device 102.
  • the propagation characteristic estimation device 100 may further include a communication interface 105 for communicating with the outside.
  • the environmental information 104 may be provided to the propagation characteristic estimation device 100 via the communication interface 105.
  • the propagation characteristics estimation device 100 may further include a user interface 106 that accepts input from a user and presents various information to the user.
  • the user interface 106 includes an input device and a display device. Examples of the input device include a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch panel. The user can operate the propagation characteristics estimation device 100 by using the input device. The estimated results of the radio wave propagation characteristics are displayed on the display device.
  • the color image method can estimate radio wave propagation characteristics quickly and with high accuracy.
  • the color image method is described in detail below.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a functional configuration related to the color image method.
  • the propagation characteristics estimation device 100 includes, as functional blocks, a structure surface information creation unit 110, a color image creation unit 120, a structure surface extraction unit 130, a path gain calculation unit 140, and a received power calculation unit 150. These functional blocks may be realized by cooperation between a processor 101 that executes a propagation characteristics estimation program 103 and a storage device 102.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the propagation characteristics estimation process using the color image method.
  • step S110 the structure surface information creation unit 110 recognizes each structure surface 11 of each structure 10 based on the environment information 104. When one structure 10 has multiple structure surfaces 11 (e.g., 11a to 11d), the multiple structure surfaces 11 are distinguished from one another (see FIG. 1). Then, the structure surface information creation unit 110 assigns identification information to each structure surface 11. The identification information is different for each structure surface 11.
  • the identification information of the structure surface 11 is "color.”
  • the structure surface information creation unit 110 assigns a different color to each structure surface 11.
  • the color is expressed, for example, by RGB values.
  • the special colors (0, 0, 0) and (255, 255, 255) are assigned to the background and ground.
  • the structure surface information is information related to each structure surface 11.
  • the structure surface information includes the identification information (color), arrangement (position, orientation, size), reflection coefficient, etc. of each structure surface 11.
  • the position, orientation, size, reflection coefficient, etc. of each structure surface 11 are registered in advance in the environmental information 104.
  • the structure surface information creation unit 110 creates the structure surface information and adds the structure surface information to the environmental information 104.
  • the identification information of the structure surface 11 may be an identification number.
  • the color representation format is not limited to RGB.
  • step S120 the color image creation unit 120 creates a two-dimensional image of the structure surface 11 as seen from each of the transmission point Tx and the reception point Rx. If a unique color is assigned to each structure surface 11, the two-dimensional image becomes a two-dimensional color image.
  • the two-dimensional color image will be simply referred to as a "color image.”
  • FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the creation of a color image.
  • the viewpoint is a transmission point Tx or a reception point Rx.
  • the line of sight direction is the direction from the viewpoint to the structure surface 11.
  • the line of sight direction is the direction from the viewpoint to the center point of the structure surface 11.
  • the angle ⁇ is the angle between the line of sight direction and the normal direction of the structure surface 11. It can also be said that the angle ⁇ is the direction of the viewpoint (transmission point Tx or reception point Rx) seen from the structure surface 11.
  • the distance d is the distance between the viewpoint along the line of sight direction and the structure surface 11.
  • the color image creation unit 120 projects the structure surface 11 onto a unit sphere centered on the viewpoint. When the area of the original structure surface 11 is S, the area S' of the structure surface 11 projected onto the unit sphere is expressed as S ⁇ cos ⁇ /d 2 .
  • the color image creation unit 120 projects all of the structure surfaces 11 seen from the viewpoint onto the same unit sphere. Although the line of sight direction and distance d may differ for each structure surface 11, all of the structure surfaces 11 are projected onto the same unit sphere. The color image creation unit 120 then expands the unit sphere onto a plane. This provides a color image of the structure surface 11 seen from the viewpoint.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a color image seen from a transmitting point Tx and a color image seen from a receiving point Rx.
  • each structure surface 11 is represented by a unique color assigned to each structure surface 11.
  • the color image is generated taking occlusion into account.
  • the environmental information 104 includes position information of the transmission point Tx, position information of the reception point Rx, and structure surface information (color, position, orientation, and size of each structure surface 11). Therefore, the color image creation unit 120 can create a color image seen from the transmission point Tx and a color image seen from the reception point Rx based on the environmental information 104. The created color images are stored in the storage device 102.
  • the structure surface extraction unit 130 extracts the structure surface 11 that is visible from both the transmission point Tx and the reception point Rx. Specifically, the structure surface extraction unit 130 compares the color image seen from the transmission point Tx with the color image seen from the reception point Rx, and extracts the structure surface 11 that has the same color in the two color images.
  • the structure surface 11 that has the same color in the two color images is the structure surface 11 that is visible from both the transmission point Tx and the reception point Rx.
  • the structure surface 11 that is visible from both the transmission point Tx and the reception point Rx is hereinafter referred to as the "target structure surface 11X.”
  • step S140 the path gain calculation unit 140 calculates the path gain of the propagation path between the transmission point Tx and the reception point Rx passing through the target structure surface 11X. That is, the path gain calculation unit 140 calculates the path gain of the propagation path that is reflected and scattered at the target structure surface 11X.
  • FIG. 7 shows a transmission point Tx, a reception point Rx, and a target structure surface 11X.
  • the first angle ⁇ T is an angle ⁇ representing the direction of the transmission point Tx as seen from the target structure surface 11X.
  • the first distance d1 is a distance d between the transmission point Tx and the target structure surface 11X.
  • the second angle ⁇ R is an angle ⁇ representing the direction of the reception point Rx as seen from the target structure surface 11X.
  • the second distance d2 is a distance d between the reception point Rx and the target structure surface 11X.
  • the area of the target structure surface 11X is S.
  • the first area S1 is the area of the target structure surface 11X as seen from the transmission point Tx.
  • the second area S2 is the area of the target structure surface 11X as seen from the reception point Rx.
  • the area S' of the structure surface 11 projected onto the unit sphere is expressed as S ⁇ cos ⁇ /d 2 . Therefore, the first area S1' and the second area S2' of the target structure surface 11X projected onto the unit sphere are respectively expressed by the following formulas (1) and (2).
  • the path gain PG of the propagation path that is reflected and scattered on the target structure surface 11X depends on the first area S1' and the second area S2'. Specifically, the path gain PG of the propagation path that is reflected and scattered on the target structure surface 11X is expressed by the following equations (3) to (5). Note that "i" in the equations is an identifier of the target structure surface 11X and is different for each target structure surface 11X.
  • C ⁇ expressed in formula (4) is a parameter corresponding to the reflection loss ⁇ of the target structure surface 11X.
  • C b expressed in formula (5) is a reflection pattern indicating the level of the reflected wave (scattered wave) by the target structure surface 11X.
  • Fig. 7 also shows the formula for the bistatic scattering cross section ⁇ of the flat plate.
  • the reflection pattern C b is also included in the formula for the bistatic scattering cross section ⁇ , and is expressed by a sinc function with the first angle ⁇ T and the second angle ⁇ R as parameters.
  • the path gain PG depends on the multiplication of the first area S1' and the second area S2'.
  • the path gain PG also depends on the reflection pattern Cb of the target structure surface 11X.
  • the first area S1' and the second area S2' can also be replaced with the number of pixels on the color image.
  • the first number of pixels N P,T is the number of pixels on the color image of the target structure surface 11X seen from the transmitting point Tx.
  • the second number of pixels N P,R is the number of pixels on the color image of the target structure surface 11X seen from the receiving point Rx.
  • formula (3) is replaced with the following formulas (6) and (7).
  • the 4 ⁇ /(H ⁇ W) in equation (7) is the area per pixel.
  • the color image creation unit 120 described above expands the unit sphere onto a plane, and H ⁇ W represents the total number of pixels on the plane to which it is expanded.
  • the environment information 104 includes the position information of the transmission point Tx, the position information of the reception point Rx, and the structure surface information (the color, position, orientation, and size of each structure surface 11). Therefore, the path gain calculation unit 140 can calculate the path gain PG based on the environment information 104 and the above formula.
  • the path gain calculation unit 140 counts the number of first pixels N P,T and the number of second pixels N P,R in the color image. The path gain calculation unit 140 calculates the path gain PG for all target structure surfaces 11X (propagation paths).
  • step S150 the reception power calculation unit 150 calculates the reception power (strength of the received radio wave) at the reception point Rx. Specifically, the reception power calculation unit 150 calculates the sum of the path gains for all the target structure surfaces 11X to calculate the reception power. In other words, the reception power calculation unit 150 calculates the reception power by combining the path gains for all the target structure surfaces 11X.
  • Dynamic reflectors (RIS: Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface) are known for use in wireless communication.
  • a dynamic reflector is composed of many reflecting elements and reflects incident radio waves.
  • the reflection characteristics of the dynamic reflector such as the reflection direction, can be dynamically controlled.
  • the dynamic reflector is a metasurface reflector.
  • the target structure surface 11X is the reflecting surface 21 of the dynamic reflector 20.
  • the first angle ⁇ T represents the direction of the transmitting point Tx as seen from the reflecting surface 21 of the dynamic reflector 20.
  • the second angle ⁇ R represents the direction of the receiving point Rx as seen from the reflecting surface 21 of the dynamic reflector 20.
  • the second angle ⁇ R represents the intended reflection direction.
  • the above formula for calculating the path gain PG is corrected as follows.
  • the area of the target structure surface 11X seen from the transmitting point Tx and the receiving point Rx i.e., the first area S1' and the second area S2'
  • the corrected first area S1' and the corrected second area S2' are both the average of the uncorrected first area S1' and the uncorrected second area S2'.
  • correction is performed for each of the elevation angle and the azimuth angle.
  • both the first pixel number N P,T and the second pixel number N P,R are corrected to the corrected pixel number N P,RIS expressed by the following formula (9).
  • the corrected pixel number N P,RIS is the average of the first pixel number N P,T and the second pixel number N P,R .
  • an additional loss ⁇ may be added to the path gain PG for the dynamic reflector 20.
  • the additional loss ⁇ may be determined in advance.
  • the path gain calculation unit 140 calculates the path gain PG based on the above formulas (9) and (10). More specifically, the environmental information 104 also includes information on the dynamic reflector 20. The information on the dynamic reflector 20 includes a flag indicating that it is the dynamic reflector 20, the set reflection angle of the dynamic reflector 20, the reflection pattern C b of the dynamic reflector 20, the additional loss ⁇ , etc. The path gain calculation unit 140 calculates the path gain PG when the target structure surface 11X is the reflecting surface 21 of the dynamic reflector 20 based on the environmental information 104.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the path gain calculation process (step S140) according to this embodiment.
  • the path gain calculation unit 140 determines whether the target structure surface 11X is the reflecting surface 21 of the dynamic reflector 20 based on the environmental information 104.
  • step S141 if the target structure surface 11X is not the reflecting surface 21 of the dynamic reflector 20 (step S141; No), the process proceeds to step S143.
  • step S143 the path gain calculation unit 140 calculates the path gain PG based on the above formula (6).
  • 1...wireless communication system 10...structure, 11...structure surface, 11X...target structure surface, 20...dynamic reflector, 21...reflecting surface, 100...propagation characteristic estimation device, 101...processor, 102...storage device, 103...propagation characteristic estimation program, 104...environmental information, 105...communication interface, 106...user interface, 110...structure surface information creation unit, 120...color image creation unit, 130...structure surface extraction unit, 140...path gain calculation unit, 150...received power calculation unit

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Abstract

Ce dispositif d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation estime une caractéristique de propagation d'onde radioélectrique entre un point d'émission et un point de réception. Des informations environnementales indiquent un agencement de surfaces structurales qui réfléchissent et diffusent des ondes radioélectriques du point d'émission au point de réception. Le dispositif d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation utilise les informations environnementales en tant que base pour extraire une surface structurale qui est visible par une ligne de visée depuis à la fois le point d'émission et des points de réception en tant que surface structurale d'intérêt. Le dispositif d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation estime la caractéristique de propagation d'onde radioélectrique d'un chemin de propagation entre le point d'émission et le point de réception au moyen de la surface structurale d'intérêt sur la base d'une première zone, qui est la zone de la surface structurale d'intérêt visible depuis le point de transmission, et d'une seconde zone qui est la zone de la surface structurale d'intérêt visible depuis le point de réception. Si la surface structurale d'intérêt est une surface réfléchissante d'un réflecteur dynamique, le dispositif d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation estime la caractéristique de propagation d'onde radioélectrique sur la base des première et seconde zones pour le cas d'une correction hypothétique de l'inclinaison de la surface réfléchissante du réflecteur dynamique de façon à obtenir un état de réflexion spéculaire.
PCT/JP2023/023552 2023-06-26 2023-06-26 Dispositif d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation, procédé d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation et programme d'estimation de caractéristique de propagation Pending WO2025004135A1 (fr)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009153095A (ja) * 2007-11-30 2009-07-09 Ntt Docomo Inc 無線通信システム
JP2023004867A (ja) * 2021-06-25 2023-01-17 株式会社Nttドコモ 電波伝搬推定装置及び電波伝搬推定方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009153095A (ja) * 2007-11-30 2009-07-09 Ntt Docomo Inc 無線通信システム
JP2023004867A (ja) * 2021-06-25 2023-01-17 株式会社Nttドコモ 電波伝搬推定装置及び電波伝搬推定方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
TAKAHIRO TOMIE, SATOSHI SUYAMA, KOSHIRO KITAO, MITSUKI NAKAMURA: "New estimation method for radio wave propagation characteristics using color image", IEICE TECHNICAL REPORT, AP, IEICE, JP, vol. 122, no. 153 (AP2022-67), 23 August 2022 (2022-08-23), JP, pages 17 - 22, XP009559637 *

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