WO2025095641A1 - Method performed by terminal or base station in wireless communication system, and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

A terminal according to at least one of examples disclosed in the present specification may: receive, from a network, a timing advance (TA) command for adjusting a TA value related to uplink transmission; determine an index of a first slot related to application of the TA value adjusted on the basis of the TA command; and transmit an uplink signal on the basis of the adjusted TA value, wherein, on the basis that the first slot related to the application of the adjusted TA value is included in a transmission interval of a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmitted while performing frequency hopping for positioning, the terminal may start the application of the adjusted TA value from a second slot located after the first slot, and the second slot may be selected from among slots located after the transmission interval of the SRS.

Description

Method performed by a terminal or base station in a wireless communication system and device therefor

This specification relates to a wireless communication system, and more specifically, to a method for transmitting or receiving uplink/downlink signals by a terminal or a base station in a wireless communication system, and a device therefor.

Wireless communication systems are being widely deployed to provide various types of communication services such as voice and data. In general, wireless communication systems are multiple access systems that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). Examples of multiple access systems include CDMA (code division multiple access) systems, FDMA (frequency division multiple access) systems, TDMA (time division multiple access) systems, OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) systems, and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access) systems.

In the NR system, a TA command for adjusting TA (timing advance) for UL timing synchronization of the terminal can be provided to the terminal from the network, and in this case, the terminal determines the slot to which the TA command is to be applied based on the smallest SCS (subcarrier spacing) among the configured UL BWPs.

Recently, the introduction of frequency hopping of SRS for positioning is being discussed to support RedCap (reduced capability) terminals in NR.

The technical problem to be achieved is to provide a method and a device for transmitting or receiving a signal more accurately and efficiently in a wireless communication system. For example, a method and device for ensuring positioning accuracy and resolving the ambiguity problem of TA application in a situation where SRS transmitted by hopping frequencies for positioning overlaps with TA command application can be provided.

The technical tasks to be achieved are not limited to this, and other technical tasks can be inferred from the disclosed embodiments.

A method performed by a terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises: receiving a TA command for adjusting a TA (timing advance) value related to uplink transmission of the terminal from a network; determining an index of a first slot related to application of the adjusted TA value based on the TA command; and transmitting an uplink signal based on the adjusted TA value, wherein, based on the first slot related to application of the adjusted TA value being included in a transmission interval of an SRS (sounding reference signal) transmitted while frequency hopping for positioning, the terminal starts applying the adjusted TA value from a second slot located after the first slot, and the second slot can be selected from among slots located after the transmission interval of the SRS.

The above second slot may be a slot located immediately after the transmission section of the SRS.

The terminal can receive SRS configuration information including information on SCS (subcarrier spacing) of the SRS.

The SCS of the above SRS can be set independently of the SCSs of one or more BWPs (bandwidth parts) set in the terminal.

The index of the first slot may be determined based on the first SCS (subcarrier spacing).

The above first SCS may be the smallest SCS among the SCS of the SRS and the SCS of one or more BWPs set in the terminal.

Based on the SCS of the SRS being smaller than the SCSs of one or more BWPs set for the terminal, the index of the first slot can be determined based on the SCS of the SRS.

The terminal can transmit the SRS by frequency hopping in the above transmission section.

The same TA value can be maintained while the above SRS is being transmitted.

The above TA command can be received via a random access response (RAR) or a TA command medium access control (MAC) CE (control element).

The above terminal may be a RedCap (reduced capability) terminal.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon instructions for performing the method described above may be provided.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a device includes a memory configured to store instructions; and a processor configured to perform operations by executing the instructions, wherein the operations of the processor include: receiving a TA command for adjusting a TA (timing advance) value related to uplink transmission of the device from a network; determining an index of a first slot related to application of the adjusted TA value based on the TA command; and transmitting an uplink signal based on the adjusted TA value, wherein the device starts applying the adjusted TA value from a second slot located after the first slot based on the first slot being included in a transmission period of an SRS (sounding reference signal) transmitted while hopping frequencies for positioning, and the second slot can be selected from among slots located after the transmission period of the SRS.

The above device may be a processing device for controlling a terminal operating in a wireless communication system.

The above device may further include a transceiver.

The above device may be a terminal operating in a wireless communication system.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method performed by a base station includes transmitting, to a terminal, a TA command for adjusting a TA (timing advance) value related to uplink transmission of the terminal; determining an index of a first slot related to application of the adjusted TA value based on the TA command; and receiving an uplink signal transmitted by the terminal based on the adjusted TA value, wherein, based on whether the first slot related to application of the adjusted TA value is included in a reception interval of an SRS (sounding reference signal) received while frequency hopping for positioning, application of the adjusted TA value starts from a second slot located after the first slot, and the second slot can be selected from among slots located after the reception interval of the SRS.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon instructions for performing the method described above may be provided.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a base station includes a memory configured to store commands; and a processor configured to perform operations by executing the commands, wherein the operations of the processor include: transmitting, to the terminal, a TA command for adjusting a TA (timing advance) value related to uplink transmission of the terminal; determining an index of a first slot related to application of the adjusted TA value based on the TA command; and receiving an uplink signal transmitted by the terminal based on the adjusted TA value, wherein the first slot related to application of the adjusted TA value is included in a reception interval of an SRS (sounding reference signal) received while hopping frequencies for positioning, and application of the adjusted TA value starts from a second slot located after the first slot, and the second slot can be selected from among slots located after the reception interval of the SRS.

According to one embodiment, a signal can be transmitted or received more accurately and efficiently in a wireless communication system. For example, in a situation where SRS transmitted by hopping frequencies for positioning overlaps with TA command application, positioning accuracy can be ensured and the ambiguity problem of TA application can be resolved by postponing the application of the TA command.

The technical effects are not limited thereto and other technical effects can be inferred from the disclosed embodiments.

Figure 1 illustrates physical channels used in a 3GPP system, which is an example of a wireless communication system, and a general signal transmission method using the channels.

Figure 2 illustrates the structure of a radio frame.

Figure 3 illustrates a resource grid of a slot.

Figure 4 illustrates an example of physical channels being mapped within a slot.

Figure 5 illustrates the PDSCH reception and ACK/NACK transmission process.

Figure 6 illustrates the PUSCH transmission process.

Figure 7 is a diagram showing an example of positioning protocol settings.

Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of OTDOA.

Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example of Multi RTT.

Figure 10 illustrates a procedure for operation of a network node (e.g., an upper node of a terminal, an LMF, etc.) according to one embodiment.

Figure 11 illustrates the procedure of terminal operation for performing positioning measurement.

Figure 12 illustrates various ISAC environments.

Figures 13 and 14 are examples of 3GPP wireless communication systems supporting ISAC.

Figure 15 illustrates an example of SRS transmission for TA command reception/application and positioning.

Figure 16 illustrates an example of postponing the application of TA from the first slot to the second slot based on SRS transmission for positioning.

Figure 17 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a terminal and a network according to one embodiment.

FIG. 18 illustrates a flow of a method performed by a terminal according to one embodiment.

FIG. 19 illustrates a flow of a method performed by a base station according to one embodiment.

Figures 20 to 23 illustrate a communication system (1) and a wireless device applicable to the present disclosure.

The following technology can be used in various wireless access systems, such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with radio technologies such as UTRA (Universal Terrestrial Radio Access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with radio technologies such as GSM (Global System for Mobile communications)/GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)/EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (Evolved UTRA). UTRA is a part of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System). 3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE(long term evolution) is a part of E-UMTS(Evolved UMTS) that uses E-UTRA, and LTE-A(Advanced) is an evolved version of 3GPP LTE. 3GPP NR(New Radio or New Radio Access Technology) is an evolved version of 3GPP LTE/LTE-A.

As more and more communication devices require greater communication capacity, there is a growing need for improved mobile broadband communications compared to existing RATs (Radio Access Technology). In addition, massive MTC (Machine Type Communications), which connects multiple devices and objects to provide various services anytime and anywhere, is also one of the major issues to be considered in next-generation communications. In addition, a communication system design that considers services/terminals that are sensitive to reliability and latency is being discussed. In this way, the introduction of next-generation RATs that consider eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand Communication), massive MTC, URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication), etc., is being discussed, and in one embodiment of the present invention, the corresponding technology is conveniently called NR (New Radio or New RAT).

The term 'base station' used in this specification can be replaced with terms such as fixed station, Node B, gNode B (gNB), Access Point (AP), cell, or transmission and reception point (TRP). The term 'relay' can be replaced with terms such as Relay Node (RN), Relay Station, etc. In addition, the term 'terminal' can be replaced with terms such as User Equipment (UE), Mobile Station (MS), Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), Subscriber Station (SS).

For clarity of explanation, the description will focus on 3GPP NR, but the technical idea of the present invention is not limited thereto.

The following documents may be referenced for background information, definitions of terms, abbreviations, etc. related to the present invention (Incorporated by Reference).

- 38.211: Physical channels and modulation

- 38.212: Multiplexing and channel coding

- 38.213: Physical layer procedures for control

- 38.214: Physical layer procedures for data

- 38.215: Physical layer measurements

- 38.300: NR and NG-RAN Overall Description

- 38.304: User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode and in RRC Inactive state

- 38.321Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification

- 38.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol specification

- 37.213: Introduction of channel access procedures to unlicensed spectrum for NR-based access

- 36.355: LTE Positioning Protocol

- 37.355: LTE Positioning Protocol

Terms and Abbreviations

- 5GC: 5G Core Network

- 5GS: 5G System

- AoA: Angle of Arrival

- AP: Access Point

- CID: Cell ID

- E-CID: Enhanced Cell ID

- GNSS: Global Navigation Satellite System

- GPS: Global Positioning System

- LCS: LoCation Service

- LMF: Location Management Function

- LPP: LTE Positioning Protocol

- MO-LR: Mobile Originated Location Request

- MT-LR: Mobile Terminated Location Request

- NRPPa: NR Positioning Protocol A

- OTDOA: Observed Time Difference Of Arrival

- PDU: Protocol Data Unit

- PRS: Positioning Reference Signal

- RRM: Radio Resource Management

- RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator

- RSTD: Reference Signal Time Difference

- ToA: Time of Arrival

- TP: Transmission Point

- TRP: Transmission and Reception Point

- UE: User Equipment

- SS: Search Space

- CSS: Common Search Space

- USS: UE-specific Search Space

- PDCCH: Physical Downlink Control Channel

- PDSCH: Physical Downlink Shared Channel;

- PUCCH: Physical Uplink Control Channel;

- PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared Channel;

- DCI: Downlink Control Information

- UCI: Uplink Control Information

- SI: System Information

- SIB: System Information Block

- MIB: Master Information Block

- RRC: Radio Resource Control

- DRX: Discontinuous Reception

- RNTI: Radio Network Temporary Identifier

- CSI: Channel state information

- PCell: Primary Cell

- SCell: Secondary Cell

- PSCell: Primary SCG (Secondary Cell Group) Cell

- CA: Carrier Aggregation

- WUS: Wake up Signal

- TX: Transmitter

- RX: Receiver

- RSTD: Reference Signal Time Difference

- RS: Reference Signal

- PRS: Positioning Reference Signal

- SRS: Sounding Reference Signal

In a wireless communication system, a terminal receives information from a base station through a downlink (DL), and the terminal transmits information to the base station through an uplink (UL). The information transmitted and received by the base station and the terminal includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type/purpose of the information they transmit and receive.

Figure 1 is a drawing for explaining physical channels used in a 3GPP NR system and a general signal transmission method using them.

When a terminal is powered on again from a powered-off state or enters a new cell, the terminal performs an initial cell search operation such as synchronizing with the base station in step S101. To this end, the terminal receives a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) from the base station. The SSB includes a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH). The terminal synchronizes with the base station based on the PSS/SSS and obtains information such as a cell ID. In addition, the terminal can obtain broadcast information within the cell based on the PBCH. Meanwhile, the terminal can receive a Downlink Reference Signal (DL RS) in the initial cell search step to check the downlink channel status.

After completing the initial cell search, the terminal can obtain more specific system information by receiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) according to physical downlink control channel information in step S102.

Thereafter, the terminal may perform a random access procedure such as steps S103 to S106 to complete connection to the base station. To this end, the terminal may transmit a preamble through a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S103) and receive a response message to the preamble through a physical downlink control channel and a physical downlink shared channel corresponding thereto (S104). In the case of contention-based random access, a contention resolution procedure such as transmission of an additional physical random access channel (S105) and reception of a physical downlink control channel and a physical downlink shared channel corresponding thereto (S106) may be performed.

A terminal that has performed the procedure as described above can then perform physical downlink control channel/physical downlink shared channel reception (S107) and physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)/physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission (S108) as general uplink/downlink signal transmission procedures. Control information that the terminal transmits to the base station is collectively referred to as uplink control information (UCI). UCI includes HARQ ACK/NACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest Acknowledgement/Negative-ACK), SR (Scheduling Request), CSI (Channel State Information), etc. CSI includes CQI (Channel Quality Indicator), PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator), RI (Rank Indication), etc. UCI is generally transmitted through PUCCH, but can be transmitted through PUSCH when control information and traffic data must be transmitted simultaneously. Additionally, UCI can be transmitted aperiodically via PUSCH upon request/instruction from the network.

Figure 2 illustrates the structure of a radio frame. In NR, uplink and downlink transmissions are organized into frames. Each radio frame has a length of 10 ms and is divided into two 5 ms half-frames (Half-Frames, HF). Each half-frame is divided into five 1 ms subframes (Subframes, SF). A subframe is divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a subframe depends on Subcarrier Spacing (SCS). Each slot contains 12 or 14 OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols depending on a CP (cyclic prefix). When a normal CP is used, each slot contains 14 OFDM symbols. When an extended CP is used, each slot contains 12 OFDM symbols.

In an NR system, OFDM numerologies (e.g., SCS) may be set differently between multiple cells merged into one terminal. Accordingly, (absolute time) sections of time resources (e.g., SF, slot or TTI) (conveniently referred to as TU (Time Unit)) consisting of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells. Here, the symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA symbols (or Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM, DFT-s-OFDM symbols).

Fig. 3 illustrates a resource grid of a slot. A slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of a normal CP, one slot includes 14 symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, one slot includes 12 symbols. A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) is defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Part) is defined as multiple consecutive PRBs (Physical RBs) in the frequency domain and can correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication is performed through activated BWPs, and only one BWP can be activated for one terminal. Each element in the resource grid is referred to as a Resource Element (RE), and one complex symbol can be mapped to it.

Fig. 4 illustrates an example of mapping physical channels within a slot. In an NR system, a frame is characterized by a self-contained structure in which a DL control channel, DL or UL data, and UL control channels can all be included within one slot. For example, the first N symbols within a slot can be used to transmit a DL control channel (e.g., PDCCH) (hereinafter, referred to as a DL control region), and the last M symbols within a slot can be used to transmit a UL control channel (e.g., PUCCH) (hereinafter, referred to as a UL control region). N and M are each integers greater than or equal to 0. A resource region (hereinafter, referred to as a data region) between the DL control region and the UL control region can be used to transmit DL data (e.g., PDSCH) or UL data (e.g., PUSCH). GP provides a time gap during the process in which a base station and a terminal switch from a transmission mode to a reception mode or from a reception mode to a transmission mode. Some symbols at the time of switching from DL to UL within a subframe can be set as GP.

The PDCCH carries DCI (Downlink Control Information). For example, the PCCCH (i.e., DCI) carries the transmission format and resource allocation of the DL-SCH (downlink shared channel), resource allocation information for the UL-SCH (uplink shared channel), paging information for the PCH (paging channel), system information on the DL-SCH, resource allocation information for upper layer control messages such as random access response transmitted on the PDSCH, transmission power control commands, activation/release of Configured Scheduling (CS), etc. The DCI includes a cyclic redundancy check (CRC), and the CRC is masked/scrambled with various identifiers (e.g., Radio Network Temporary Identifier, RNTI) depending on the owner or usage of the PDCCH. For example, if the PDCCH is for a specific terminal, the CRC is masked with a terminal identifier (e.g., Cell-RNTI, C-RNTI). If the PDCCH is for paging, the CRC is masked with the Paging-RNTI (P-RNTI). If the PDCCH is for system information (e.g., System Information Block, SIB), the CRC is masked with the System Information RNTI (SI-RNTI). If the PDCCH is for random access response, the CRC is masked with the Random Access-RNTI (RA-RNTI).

Fig. 5 illustrates a process of receiving PDSCH and transmitting ACK/NACK. Referring to Fig. 5, a UE can detect a PDCCH in slot #n. Here, the PDCCH includes downlink scheduling information (e.g., DCI format 1_0, 1_1), and the PDCCH indicates a DL assignment-to-PDSCH offset (K0) and a PDSCH-HARQ-ACK reporting offset (K1). The UE receives a PDSCH from slot #(n+K0) according to the scheduling information of slot #n, and then, when reception of the PDSCH is finished in slot #n1 (where, n+K0≤ n1), the UE can transmit a UCI through PUCCH in slot #(n1+K1). Here, the UCI can include a HARQ-ACK response to the PDSCH. If the PDSCH is configured to transmit up to 1 TB, the HARQ-ACK response can be configured with 1 bit. When PDSCH is configured to transmit up to 2 TB, HARQ-ACK response may consist of 2 bits if spatial bundling is not configured, and 1 bit if spatial bundling is configured. When HARQ-ACK transmission timing for multiple PDSCHs is designated as slot #(n+K1), UCI transmitted in slot #(n+K1) includes HARQ-ACK responses for multiple PDSCHs.

Figure 6 illustrates a PUSCH transmission process. Referring to Figure 6, a terminal can detect a PDCCH in slot #n. Here, the PDCCH includes uplink scheduling information (e.g., DCI format 0_0, 0_1). The terminal can transmit a PUSCH in slot #(n+K2) according to the scheduling information of slot #n. Here, the PUSCH includes a UL-SCH TB.

RedCap (Reduced Capability) terminal

In addition to the main use cases of 5G (mMTC, eMBB and URLLC), the importance/interest in use cases spanning mMTC and eMBB, or mMTC and URLLC, is increasing, and accordingly, the need for terminals that efficiently support these use cases in terms of device cost, power consumption, form factor, etc. is increasing. A terminal for this purpose can be defined as a (NR) RedCap (reduced capability) UE/device. In addition, a general NR terminal that supports all or one or more of the 5G main use cases, distinct from a RedCap device, can be defined as a NR (normal) UE/device or a non-RedCap UE/device. Redcap UE may be a terminal that intentionally reduces some of the 5G key capabilities (peak data rate, user experience data rate, latency, mobility, connection density, energy efficiency, spectral efficiency, and regional traffic efficiency) defined in IMT-2020 in order to achieve all or part of the low device cost/complexity, low power consumption, and small form factor.

The target use cases of Redcap devices, which are 5G use cases spanning mMTC and eMBB, or mMTC and URLLC, are conveniently referred to as redcap use cases. Redcap use cases can include, for example:

(1) Connected industries

1) Sensors and actuators can be connected to 5G networks and cores.

- Includes large-scale IWSN (industrial wireless sensor networks) use cases and requirements

- Relatively low-cost services that require small device form factors with battery lifespans of several years, as well as URLLC services that have very high requirements.

- The requirements for the service are higher than LPWA (Low Power Wide Area, i.e. LTE-M/NB-IOT), but lower than URLCC and eMBB.

- Devices in this environment include: pressure sensors, humidity sensors, thermometers, motion sensors, accelerometers, actuators, etc.

2) Smart City

- The smart city vertical involves data collection and processing to more efficiently monitor and control urban resources and provide services to city residents. In particular, surveillance camera deployment is an essential part of smart cities as well as factories and industrial sites.

3) Wearable

- Wearable use cases may include smart watches, rings, eHealth-related devices, medical monitoring devices, etc. One characteristic of the use cases is the small size of the devices.

SRS (sounding reference signal)

SRS is a UL reference signal transmitted by the terminal and received by the base station. Based on SRS, the base station can perform link adaptation, DL channel estimation using channel reciprocity characteristics, UL beam management, UL precoding, and/or UL measurement.

The terminal can receive SRS configuration information (e.g., TS38.331 SRS-Config IE) provided by the base station and determine parameters for SRS transmission based on the information. The SRS configuration consists of a list of SRS-Resources, SRS-PosResources, SRS-ResourceSets, and SRS-PosResourcesets, where SRS-ResourceSets and SRS-PosResourcesets each include a set of SRS-Resources and SRS-PosResources.

SRS can be divided into three resource types depending on the setting and transmission method of time resources.

In the case of SRS where the resource type is set to periodic, the terminal determines the location where the SRS resource is transmitted based on the configured period and offset of the SRS resource set by RRC, and if configured, transmits the SRS periodically without separate signaling.

For SRS with resource type set to semi-persistent, the terminal determines the location where the SRS resource is transmitted based on the configured period and offset of the SRS resource set by RRC, and then starts periodic transmission of the indicated SRS if the transmission of the SRS is activated by MAC CE. If deactivated by MAC CE, the terminal stops transmitting the SRS.

For SRS with the resource type set to aperiodic, the terminal transmits the indicated SRS by reflecting the position of the offset set by RRC based on the time of reception of DCI indicating triggering for the corresponding SRS resource set.

Positioning

Positioning may mean determining a geographic location and/or velocity of a user equipment (UE) by measuring radio signals. The position information may be requested by a client (e.g., an application) associated with the UE and reported to the client. Additionally, the position information may be included in a core network or may be requested by a client connected to the core network. The position information may be reported in a standard format, such as cell-based or geographic coordinates, and in this case, an estimated error value for the position and velocity of the UE and/or a positioning method used for positioning may be reported together.

Figure 7 is a diagram showing an example of a positioning protocol configuration for measuring the position of a terminal.

Referring to FIG. 7, LPP can be used as a point-to-point between a location server (E-SMLC and/or SLP and/or LMF) and a target device to position the target device (UE and/or SET) using position-related measurements acquired from one or more reference sources. Through LPP, the target device and the location server can exchange measurement and/or location information based on Signal A and/or Signal B.

NRPPa can be used to exchange information between a reference source (ACCESS NODE and/or BS and/or TP and/or NG-RAN node) and a location server.

Functions provided by the NRPPa protocol may include:

- E-CID Location Information Transfer. This function allows location information to be exchanged between the reference source and the LMF for E-CID positioning purposes.

- OTDOA Information Transfer. This function allows information to be exchanged between the reference source and the LMF for OTDOA positioning purposes.

- Reporting of General Error Situations. This feature allows reporting of general error situations for which no function-specific error messages are defined.

The positioning methods supported by NG-RAN may include GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), OTDOA, E-CID (enhanced cell ID), barometric sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, and terrestrial beacon system (TBS), UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival), etc. Among the above positioning methods, the position of the UE may be measured using any one of the positioning methods, but the position of the UE may also be measured using two or more positioning methods.

OTDOA (Observed Time Difference Of Arrival)

Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of an OTDOA (observed time difference of arrival) positioning method.

The OTDOA positioning method uses the timing of measurements of downlink signals received from multiple TPs, including eNB, ng-eNB, and PRS-only TPs. The UE measures the timing of the received downlink signals using location assistance data received from a location server. Based on these measurement results and the geographical coordinates of neighboring TPs, the location of the UE can be determined.

A UE connected to a gNB can request a measurement gap for OTDOA measurements from a TP. If the UE is not aware of an SFN for at least one TP in the OTDOA assistance data, the UE can use an autonomous gap to obtain the SFN of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting a measurement gap to perform Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) measurements.

Here, RSTD can be defined based on the smallest relative time difference between the boundaries of two subframes received from the reference cell and the measurement cell, respectively. That is, it can be calculated based on the relative time difference between the start time of the subframe of the reference cell that is closest to the start time of the subframe received from the measurement cell. Meanwhile, the reference cell can be selected by the UE.

For accurate OTDOA measurement, it is necessary to measure the time of arrival (TOA) of signals received from three or more geographically distributed TPs or base stations. For example, TOAs for TP 1, TP 2, and TP 3 are measured respectively, and RSTD for TP 1-TP 2, RSTD for TP 2-TP 3, and RSTD for TP 3-TP 1 are calculated based on the three TOAs, and a geometric hyperbola is determined based on these, and the point where these hyperbolas intersect can be estimated as the position of the UE. At this time, since there may be accuracy and/or uncertainty for each TOA measurement, the estimated position of the UE may be known within a certain range according to the measurement uncertainty.

E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

In the Cell ID (CID) positioning method, the location of the UE can be measured through geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and/or serving cell of the UE. For example, the geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and/or serving cell can be obtained through paging, registration, etc.

Meanwhile, the E-CID positioning method may utilize additional UE measurements and/or NG-RAN radio resources, in addition to the CID positioning method, to improve the UE position estimation. In the E-CID positioning method, some of the same measurement methods as the measurement control system of the RRC protocol may be used, but generally, additional measurements are not performed only for position measurement of the UE. In other words, a separate measurement configuration or measurement control message may not be provided to measure the position of the UE, and the UE also does not expect to be requested to perform additional measurement operations only for position measurement, and may report measurement values acquired through measurement methods that the UE can generally measure.

For example, a serving gNB can implement an E-CID location method using E-UTRA measurements provided from the UE.

Examples of measurement elements that can be used for E-CID positioning include:

- UE measurements: E-UTRA RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power), E-UTRA RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality), UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx Time difference, GERAN/WLAN RSSI (Reference Signal Strength Indication), UTRAN CPICH (Common Pilot Channel) RSCP (Received Signal Code Power), UTRAN CPICH Ec/Io

- E-UTRAN measurements: ng-eNB Rx-Tx Time difference, Timing Advance (T _ADV ), Angle of Arrival (AoA)

Here, T _ADV can be divided into Type 1 and Type 2 as follows.

T _ADV Type 1 = (ng-eNB Rx-Tx Time Difference)+(UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx Time Difference)

T _ADV Type 2 = ng-eNB receive-transmit time difference

Meanwhile, AoA can be used to measure the direction of the UE. AoA can be defined as an estimated angle for the position of the UE in a counterclockwise direction from the base station/TP. In this case, the geographical reference direction can be north. The base station/TP can use an uplink signal such as a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) and/or a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) for AoA measurement. In addition, the larger the array of antenna arrays, the higher the measurement accuracy of AoA, and when the antenna arrays are arranged at equal intervals, the signals received from adjacent antenna elements can have a constant phase change (Phase-Rotate).

UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival)

UTDOA is a method to determine the location of a UE by estimating the arrival time of an SRS. When calculating the estimated SRS arrival time, the serving cell is used as a reference cell, and the location of the UE can be estimated through the difference in arrival times with other cells (or base stations/TPs). To implement UTDOA, the E-SMLC can indicate the serving cell of the target UE to instruct the target UE to transmit SRS. In addition, the E-SMLC can provide configurations such as whether the SRS is periodic/aperiodic, bandwidth, and frequency/group/sequence hopping.

Multi RTT (round trip time)

Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example of a Multi RTT (round trip time) positioning method.

Referring to Fig. 9 (a), an RTT process is illustrated in which a TOA measurement is performed by an initiating device and a responding device, and the responding device provides the TOA measurement to the initiating device for RTT measurement (calculation). For example, the initiating device may be a TRP and/or a terminal, and the responding device may be a terminal and/or a TRP.

The initiating device transmits an RTT measurement request, and the responding device can receive it (1301).

The initiating device can transmit the RTT measurement signal at t ₀ , and the responding device can obtain the TOA measurement t ₁ (1303).

The responding device can transmit the RTT measurement signal at t ₂ , and the initiating device can obtain the TOA measurement t ₃ (1305).

The responding device can transmit information about [t ₂ -t ₁ ], and the initiating device can receive the information and calculate the RTT (1307). The information can be transmitted and received based on a separate signal, or can be transmitted and received while being included in the RTT measurement signal (1305).

Referring to Fig. 9 (b), the RTT can correspond to a double-range measurement between two devices. Positioning estimation can be performed from the information. Based on the measured RTT, d ₁ , d ₂ , and d ₃ can be determined, and the target device location can be determined as the intersection of circles centered at each of BS ₁ , BS ₂ , and BS ₃ (or TRP) and having each of d ₁ , d ₂ , and d ₃ as a radius.

NG-RAN positioning architecture and procedures

Figure 10 illustrates the positioning structure of a next generation (NG) RAN (radio access network). The NR RAN may be referred to as NR RAN or 5G RAN.

The AMF may receive a request for some location services related to a particular target UE from another entity (e.g., a GMLC or a UE) or the AMF itself may decide to initiate some location services on behalf of a particular target UE (e.g., in case of an IMS emergency call). The AMF may then send a location service request to the LMF. The LMF may process the location service request, and the processing of the location service request may include sending assistance data to the target UE for UE-based and/or UE-assisted positioning and/or positioning of the target UE. The LMF sends the location service result (e.g., a position estimate for the UE) to the AMF. For location services requested by an entity other than the AMF (e.g., a GMLC or a UE), the AMF sends the location service result to that entity.

NG-RAN nodes can control TRPs/TPs such as RRM or DL-PRS only TP to support PRS-based TBS.

LMF can be connected to E-SMLCt to access UTRAN information.

LMF can be connected to SLP, which is responsible for positioning with respect to the user plane.

Figure 11 illustrates an example of location services supported by NG-RAN.

When AMF receives a Location Service Request while UE is in CM-IDLE state, AMF performs a network triggered service request to establish signaling for connection with UE and allocation of specific serving gNB/ng-eNB. In Fig. 11, it is assumed that UE is in connected mode.

A location service request for the UE may be triggered, and the location service request for the UE may be any one of 1101, 1102 or 1103. For example, an entity of 5GC (e.g., GMLC) may request some location service (e.g., positioning) for the target UE to the serving AMF (1101), or the serving AMF may trigger some location service (e.g., to locate the UE for an emergency call) for the target UE itself (1102), or the UE may request some location service (e.g., positioning or assistance data forwarding) to the serving AMF at NAS level (1103).

AMF forwards the location service request to LMF (1104).

LMF provides services to NG-RAN to obtain location measurement or assistance data and initiates a positioning procedure with nearby ng-eNB/gNB (1105).

(Instead of or in addition to step 1105) the LMF initiates a positioning procedure with the UE to obtain a position estimate or positioning measurement or to transmit position assistance data to the UE (1106).

The LMF provides a location service response to the AMF (1107) (e.g., success or failure indication and a position estimate for the UE if requested and obtained).

(For 1101) AMF provides a location service response to the 5GC entity (1108) (e.g., position estimation for the UE).

(For 1102), AMF uses the location service response received in step 1107 to support the service triggered in step 1102 (1109) (e.g., providing location estimates related to emergency calls to GMLC).

(For 1103) AMF provides a location service response to the UE (1110) (e.g., position estimation for the UE).

SRS (sounding reference signal) for positioning

In Rel. 15 NR system, periodic, aperiodic, and semi-persistent Rel. 15 SRS can be transmitted for UL RTOA (UL-Relative Time of Arrival), UL SRS-RSRP, and UL-AOA (UL-Angle of Arrival) measurements of base stations, thereby supporting UL TDOA and UL AOA.

In Rel. 16/17 NR systems, periodic, aperiodic and semi-persistent SRS for positioning can be transmitted for UL RTOA, UL SRS-RSRP, UL-AOA and gNB Rx-Tx time difference measurement of the base station, thereby supporting UL TDOA, UL AOA and multi-RTT.

Depending on the purpose of use, SRS has different RRC parameters set. For example, in the case of SRS for positioning, its settings are indicated through SRS-PosResources and SRS-PosResourceSet, and for SRS used for other purposes (e.g., Rel.15 SRS), its settings are indicated through SRS-Resources and SRS-ResourceSet.

In order to avoid confusion between SRS for positioning and SRS used for other purposes, hereinafter, SRS for positioning is referred to as SRS-p, and SRS used for other purposes (e.g. beam management, etc.) is referred to as SRS-m. In the newly proposed schemes in this specification below, unless otherwise stated, SRS can be interpreted to mean SRS-p.

The method of mapping SRS resources in the time/frequency domain on a resource grid (e.g., Fig. 3) is defined in a standard document. In the case of SRS-m, repetition can be set within a slot, and intra-slot frequency hopping is supported using this. However, in the case of SRS-p, intra-slot repetition cannot be set based on the current NR standard (Rel-17), and intra-slot frequency hopping is also not supported. In the case of Periodic/semi-persistent SRS-m, inter-slot frequency hopping is supported in a periodic form.

An SRS-p setting is provided based on the serving cell (or camp on cell) of the terminal, and the SRS-p transmitted by the terminal based on the SRS-p setting can be received by one or more cells (or TRPs) including the serving cell.

For example, SRS-p can be configured by RRC parameters SRS-PosResourceSet and SRS-PosResource defined in the TS 38.331 standard. Specifically, when the upper layer parameter SRS-PosResource is configured for SRS (i.e., SRS-p) and the upper layer parameter SpatialRelationInfoPos is configured, an ID of a configuration field of a reference RS is provided. The reference RS can be an SRS configured by the upper layer parameter SRS-Resource or SRS-PosResource, a CSI-RS, an SS/PBCH block, a DL PRS of a serving cell, or a DL PRS configured in an SS/PBCH block.

A UE is not expected to transmit multiple SRS resources with different spatial relationships in the same OFDM symbol.

If the upper layer parameter SpatialRelationInfoPos is not set, the terminal may use a fixed spatial domain transmission filter or use another spatial domain transmission filter for transmission of SRS-p set by the upper layer parameter SRS-PosResource across multiple SRS resources.

In RRC_CONNECTED mode, the UE transmits SRS-p configured by the upper layer parameter SRS-PosResource within the active UL BWP.

Only one RS source is provided for the upper layer parameter SpatialRelationInfoPos per SRS-p resource.

For operation on the same carrier, if SRS-p collides with a scheduled PUSCH, SRS-p is dropped in the symbol where the collision occurred.

The terminal does not expect SRS-PosResource to be set on a carrier of a serving cell having a slot format consisting of DL/UL symbols that are not set for PUSCH/PUCCH transmission.

Depending on the UE capability, SRS-p resources related to the initial UL BWP can be configured, and the SRS-p resources are transmitted within the initial UL BWP during RRC_INACTIVE mode with the same CP and subcarrier spacing as those configured for the initial UL BWP. Depending on the UE capability, SRS-p resources for positioning can be configured outside the initial BWP in RRC_INACTIVE mode, and the frequency location and bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, and CP length for SRS-p transmission can be configured. SRS-p resources configured outside the initial BWP in RRC_INACTIVE mode are configured in the same band and CC as the initial UL BWP.

ISAC (Integrated Sensing And Communication)

Recently, various methods for utilizing wireless sensing have been discussed in wireless communication systems. Generally, a method of utilizing existing radar technology for the purpose of wireless sensing can be considered, but radar technology is specialized for sensing and does not consider the characteristics of communication, and there may be limitations in that the transmitting and receiving nodes require separate devices to transmit and receive signals for the purpose of wireless sensing. To solve these problems, methods for utilizing wireless sensing in wireless communication systems that support communication using cellular networks, such as 5G and/or the next-generation 6G (e.g. ISAC or JCAS (Joint Communication And Sensing)) have been actively studied recently.

In 3GPP standardization, a study has begun to support ISAC in 5G/6G. In TR 22.837 document published by 3GPP SA1 WG, wireless sensing is defined as a technology that uses radio waves to measure distance, angle, or instantaneous velocity to obtain information about the characteristics of the environment and/or surrounding objects. At this time, a scenario in which sensing and communication share the same frequency band and hardware is being considered, and the radio wave for sensing may share/reuse the radio wave for communication purposes (e.g. use of reference signal for communication purposes (e.g. SSB, DMRS, CSI-RS and/or SRS)) or design a separate radio wave for wireless sensing purposes.

In general, wireless sensing supported by ISAC can be considered to be performed through a process in which a signal transmitted from a transmitter is reflected by a target object and received by a receiver, and a sensing mode of a scenario that is distinguished depending on the relationship between the transmitter and the receiver can be defined. Based on whether the transmitter and the receiver are identical, a case in which the transmitter and the receiver are the same can be defined as a mono-static sensing mode, and a case in which the transmitter and the receiver are different can be defined as a bi-static sensing mode.

Figure 12 illustrates examples of wireless sensing modes supported by ISAC.

Referring to Figure 12, when considering the transmission and reception operations and the nodes participating in them in the 3GPP standard, the sensing mode can be broadly classified as follows.

(a) BS mono-static sensing mode: BS that transmits radio waves receives the reflected signal.

(b) BS -to- BS bi-static sensing mode: A reflected signal of a radio wave transmitted by a specific BS is received by another BS.

(c) BS-to-UE bi-static sensing mode: UE receives the signal that is the reflection of the radio wave transmitted by BS.

(d) BS mono-static sensing mode: UE that transmits radio wave receives reflected signal

(e) UE-to-UE bi-static sensing mode: A signal reflected from a radio wave transmitted by a specific transmitting UE is received by another UE.

(f) UE-to-BS bi-static sensing mode: BS receives the reflected signal of the radio wave transmitted by the transmitting UE.

However, in addition to the six use cases mentioned above, a sensing mode that includes multiple transmitting/receiving nodes can be referred to using the term multi-static sensing mode.

Wireless sensing through ISAC/JCAS is being considered for application in various scenarios. In general, wireless sensing is considered for the purpose of obtaining information about a target without a communication module (or regardless of the communication module), and the scenarios that can be considered as examples can be largely divided into three scenarios.

(1) Object detection and tracking: A scenario for sensing target objects or people or tracking location information. Representative scenarios that can be considered include intruder detection in indoor/outdoor situations, location tracking of UAVs or AGVs, and autonomous driving support.

(2) Environment monitoring: A scenario for the purpose of collecting information about the environment around the transmitting/receiving node. Representative examples include rainfall information observation and flood sensing scenarios.

(3) Motion monitoring: A scenario for sensing the target’s motion, and representative examples include scenarios for distinguishing human motion or gestures.

The performance measures and levels required for each of the above scenarios vary and may differ from each other. In order to design an ISAC/JCAS suitable for the service quality required for each scenario, various key performance requirements need to be considered. TS 22.137 of the 3GPP standard defines the key performance requirements for the performance required for each service scenario as positioning estimation accuracy, velocity estimation accuracy, confidence level, sensing resolution, missed detection probability, false alarm probability, sensing service maximum delay, and refreshing rate. The level required for each key performance requirement may vary for each service scenario.

Radio frequency sensing capability can provide a service for object localization without a device, because it does not require a device to be connected to the object through a network. The ability to obtain range, velocity and angle information from radio frequency signals can provide a wide range of new functions, such as various object sensing, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder sensing, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, health and traffic management, etc. In some cases, wireless sensing can use non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, camera) to additionally support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of the wireless sensing service, i.e., the sensing operation, can rely on the transmission, reflection and scattering processing of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing can provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from communication networks to wireless communication and sensing networks.

FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 illustrate an example of applying ISAC to a 3GPP wireless communication system. The embodiments of FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 13 illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 14 illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

The suggestions discussed below can also be applied to the ISAC environment described above.

Timing Adjustment and SRS for positioning with frequency hopping

In the case of RedCap terminals, the maximum frequency bandwidth supported by terminals supporting existing NR is smaller than that of normal UEs, so there may be a performance degradation in terms of the accuracy of decoding/detection of reference signals transmitted and received. Accordingly, frequency hopping is being considered and discussed as a key solution to improve the positioning accuracy of RedCap terminals.

The above frequency hopping scheme can be set separately from the BWP setting supported by the current NR Rel-18 standard because the RedCap terminal transmits while hopping the frequency bandwidth. In addition, the setting of the uplink time window (hereinafter referred to as UTW) to ensure the transmission of the SRS-pos resource through the frequency hopping scheme can also be set separately from the setting of the BWP and/or the SRS-pos resource (hereinafter referred to as SRS-pos-FH) to which the frequency hopping is set. Therefore, when the Timing advance (hereinafter referred to as TA) operation is instructed and the SRS-pos-FH / UTW is set within the section instructed to apply the TA operation, the SCS of the SRS-pos-FH / UTW may need to be considered to determine the slot counting and/or the TA command value to which the TA is applied. Considering these features and problems, we propose a method for determining the SCS in the TA operation scheme.

When a terminal for which the above SRS-pos-FH is set is instructed by the base station of the serving cell to apply TA to a slot for which SRS-pos-FH transmission is set, the UL transmission timing of some hop(s) of the SRS-pos-FH resource may be adjusted, but since base stations of neighboring cells do not share TA command information, there may be a degradation in performance in terms of accuracy when receiving and measuring the UL SRS-pos-FH resource transmitted by the terminal.

When the above frequency hopping method is used for SRS-pos resource transmission of a RedCap terminal, a RedCap terminal with a small maximum frequency bandwidth is required to perform RF retuning operation at each hopping. For this, a required switching gap between consecutive hops may be set according to the capability of the terminal, and if this is not guaranteed, some symbol(s) of SRS-pos-FH may be dropped. Accordingly, if TA is instructed to be applied to a slot where transmission of SRS-pos-resource is set, drop of some symbol(s) may occur.

Considering these features and problems, the present disclosure proposes a TA operation method in a time resource where SRS-pos-FH resource is set to maintain the accuracy performance of a UL SRS-based positioning technique of a RedCap UE.

Hereinafter, a TA command may be an absolute TA indication operation determined by a value indicated via a random access response or an absolute TA command MAC CE as described in 3GPP standards TS 38.213 and TS 38.321, or may be relevant when a MAC CE indicating timing adjustment is received.

The present disclosure proposes a method for setting/operating Timing Advance (TA) in an uplink SRS-pos frequency hopping transmission and/or a period in which a UL time window (UTW) is set.

The suggestions below can be implemented individually or in combination.

[Proposal 1] SCS Determination for TA Operation

[Proposal 1-1] Determination of SCS to be used in determining the slot to which TA will be applied

We propose a method for determining a slot to apply TA after a terminal receives a TA command from a base station.

Part or all of the SRS-pos-FH resources and/or UTWs may be set between the slot in which the terminal receives the TA command from the base station and the slot to which the TA is to be applied. In this situation, a method of determining the slot to which the TA is to be applied by considering the SCS is proposed.

As a specific example, referring to FIG. 15, it is assumed that the terminal receives a TA command in the nth UL slot, and the TA indicated by the TA command according to the existing method is applied in the n+k+1th UL slot. Based on the SCS and slots of the UL BWP, SRS-pos-FH resources are set for 4 slots starting from the n+kth UL slot. Some of the slots for which SRS-pos-FH resources are set are located within the interval from slot n where the TA command is received to slot n+k+1 where TA should be applied.

In this way, a method is proposed to determine a slot to which TA is applied by considering SCS when at least a part of SRS-pos-FH resource/UTW is located within the interval slot n: slot n+k+1, or when at least a part of SRS-pos-FH resource/UTW overlaps slot n+k+1.

(1) Option 1. Method of following the SCS of the set SRS-pos-FH

For terminals that are capable of SRS-pos-FH or configured, the slot to which TA is applied according to the TA command can be determined based on the SCS of the configured SRS-pos-FH.

For example, in a situation such as Fig. 15, the SCS of SRS-pos-FH can be considered to determine the slot to which TA is applied.

(i) As a specific example, the terminal can count slots based on the SCS of the SRS-pos-FH resource from UL slot n+k. (ii) As another specific example, the terminal can count the application slot positions of new TAs based on the SCS of the SRS-pos-FH from UL slot n. The proposed method can be applied regardless of whether or not there is a drop due to collision with other signals/channels of the SRS-pos-FH resource.

In case the above option 1 proposal method is applied, when some or all of the SRS-pos-FHs are configured with an SCS smaller than the SCS of the active UL BWP in the TA application slot, or when the SCS of the SRS-pos-FH is smaller than the smallest SCS based on all configured UL BWPs (and all configured DL BWPs) set in the terminal, there is an advantage in that the slot position of the indicated TA adjustment is aligned to the slot boundary based on the SRS-pos-FH transmission, thereby preventing ambiguity at the time of TA application.

(2) Option 2. Method of following the SCS of the set UTW

For a terminal for which a UTW is set or capable of SRS-pos-FH, the slot to which TA is applied according to the TA command can be determined based on the SCS of the set UTW. For example, if a UTW is set in a slot section including a slot in which the terminal receives a TA command from the base station and a slot to which TA is to be applied, the SCS of the set UTW can be considered to determine the slot to which TA is to be applied.

As a concrete example, in a situation like Fig. 15, slots can be counted based on the SCS of UTW starting from UL slot n+k.

As another example, if a terminal receives a TA command in the nth UL slot and is instructed to apply TA in the n+8th UL slot, and UTW is configured for 2 slots starting from the n+4th UL slot within the slot range from the nth UL slot to the n+8th UL slot, slots can be counted based on the SCS of the UTW from the n+4th UL slot to the n+5th UL slot, and slots can be counted based on the SCS of the active UL BWP from the n+6th UL slot.

In case the above option 2 proposal method is applied, when a UTW is set to have an SCS smaller than the SCS of the active UL BWP in the TA application slot, or when the SCS of the UTW is smaller than the smallest SCS based on all configured UL BWPs (and all configured DL BWPs) set in the terminal, there is an advantage in that the slot position of the indicated TA adjustment is aligned to the slot boundary based on the UTW, thereby preventing ambiguity at the time of TA application.

(3) Option 3. Method following SCS of Active UL BWP

For a terminal capable of or having a UTW configured for SRS-pos-FH, the slot to which TA is applied according to the TA command can be determined based on the SCS of the UL or UL/DL BWP configured in the terminal. Regardless of whether SRS-pos-FH resources and/or UTWs are configured, only the SCS of the active UL BWP can be considered to determine the slot to which TA is applied between the slot in which the terminal receives the TA command from the base station and the slot to which TA is instructed to be applied.

As a concrete example, if a terminal receives a TA command in the n-th UL slot and is instructed to apply TA in the n+k+1-th UL slot, slots can be counted based on the SCS of the active UL BWP regardless of whether SRS-pos-FH resource transmission start is set within the slot period from the n-th UL slot to the n+k+1-th UL slot, and if BWP switching occurs before the n+k+1-th UL slot, UL slots can be counted based on the SCS of the new active UL BWP.

The proposed method of Option 3 can be determined based on all UL BWPs (or All UL and DL BWPs) configured in the terminal, not the active UL BWP. Specifically, the smallest SCS among all UL BWPs (or All UL and DL BWPs) configured in the terminal can be set as the reference SCS, and the slot position can be determined based on this.

If the above option 3 proposal method is applied, the terminal can calculate the applicable slot of the TA without considering the dropping of periodic SRS-pos-FH or the SP/AP SRS-pos-FH resources dynamically indicated from the base station, so there may be an advantage of reducing complexity.

(4) Option 4. Method of following the smaller SCS among SRS-pos-FH/UTW's SCS and Active UL BWP's SCS

For a terminal capable of having a UTW for SRS-pos-FH set or configured, the slot to which TA is applied according to the TA command can be determined based on the SCS of the set SRS-pos-FH and/or UTW and the SCS of the set UL or UL/DL BWP. For example, if some or all of the SRS-pos-FH and/or UTW are set in a slot section including a slot in which the terminal receives a TA command from the base station and a target slot to which TA is instructed to be applied, the slot to which TA is applied can be determined based on the smallest SCS among the SCS of the set SRS-pos-FH / UTW and the SCS of the Active UL BWP.

In the proposed method of Option 4, the active UL BWP can be determined by replacing all UL BWPs (or All UL and DL BWPs) configured in the terminal. In a specific method, the smallest SCS among all UL BWPs (or All UL and DL BWPs) configured in the terminal can be determined as the reference SCS, and the slot position can be determined based on this.

In case the above option 4 proposal method is applied, when some or all of SRS-pos-FH and/or UTW are set in a TA application slot, since the position of a single TA application slot is determined based on the smallest SCS, it can always be supported to apply TA adjustment from the start position of the slot boundary, and a single slot position determination method can be followed regardless of the signal/channel actually transmitted, providing an advantageous effect in terms of terminal complexity.

(5) Option 5. Method following SCS of the first UL transmission slot

If a part or all of SRS-pos-FH and/or UTW are set in a slot section including a slot in which a terminal receives a TA command from a base station and a target slot to which the terminal is instructed to apply TA, the SCS of the first UL transmission slot following the slot in which the instructed TA is received may be followed to determine the slot position to apply the TA. As a specific example, if the terminal receives a TA command in the n-th UL slot and is instructed to apply TA in the n+k+1-th UL slot, the n+k+1-th slot may be counted based on the SCS of the active UL BWP of the n+1-th UL slot and the TA may be applied to the corresponding slot.

If the above option 5 proposal method is applied, there may be an advantage that the base station can follow the SCS of the closest active UL BWP at the time of indicating TA, and may not consider the SCS of other SRS-pos-FH/UTW/new active UL BWP.

As one specific example in which the proposed proposal 1-1 is used, it can be used for the purpose of supporting transmission of SRS-pos-FH in 3GPP, and the specific method thereof can be determined to follow the method for determining a TA adjustment application slot described in the TS 38.213 standard document. In the embodiment, if the terminal receives a TA command at the position of UL slot n, the terminal can determine to perform TA adjustment at the position of UL slot n+k+1+2 ^μ *K _offset , and at this time, the value of K _offset can follow the definition of TS 38.213. In addition, the criteria for determining n and k can be determined by one or a combination of the methods of the proposal 1-1. Specifically, slot n can be determined based on a specific SCS, and the specific SCS can be determined by one or a combination of the options suggested in the proposal 1-1 of the present disclosure. In addition, a specific method by which k is determined can be determined by one or a combination of the methods of the proposed Proposal 1-1, which may be the same as or use a separate criterion from the method by which the slot n is determined. A more specific method for determining the k may be determined by a formula of k = Ceiling [N _slot ^{subframe, μ} * (N _T,1 + N _T,2 + N _TA,max +0.5)/T _sf ], and N _slot ^{subframe, μ} , N _T,1 , and N _T,2 included in the formula may be determined by specific SCSs, and the specific SCSs may be determined by one or a combination of multiple options in the Proposal 1-1. In this case, selection conditions of specific SCSs used for determining each of the N _slot ^{subframe, μ} , N _T,1 , and N _T,2 may be the same or different from each other. As a specific example, N _slot ^subframe,μ used to calculate the parameters n and k can be determined based on the smallest SCS among the SCSs of all configured UL BWPs, configured SRS-pos-FH resources / UTWs, and N _T,1 and N _T,2 used to calculate the parameter k can be determined based on the smallest SCS among the SCSs of all configured UL BWPs, configured DL BWPs, and configured SRS-pos-FH resources / UTWs. As another example, N _slot ^subframe,μ used to calculate the parameters n and k can be determined based on the smallest SCS among the SCSs of all configured UL BWPs, configured SRS-pos-FH resources / UTWs, and N _T,1 and N _T,2 used to calculate the parameter k can be determined based on the smallest SCS among the SCSs of all configured UL BWPs, configured SRS-pos-FH resources / UTWs.

Some or all of the options in [Proposal 1-1] may be applied, and the operation may be determined by the priority of each option. As a specific example, if UTW is set in the slot section between the slot where the terminal receives the TA command from the base station and the slot to which TA is to be applied, option 2 may be applied, and if not, option 3 may be applied.

[Proposal 1-2] How to determine SCS when calculating TA value

In this disclosure, we propose a method for determining a value to apply TA after a terminal receives a TA command from a base station.

A method for determining a value to apply TA when a part or all of SRS-pos-FH resource and/or UTW is set to an application target slot instructed to apply TA by a terminal from a base station can be proposed.

(1) Option 1. A method that follows the SCS determination method of [Proposal 1-1]

In a case where a part or all of SRS-pos-FH and/or UTW is set to an applicable slot to which a terminal is instructed to apply TA from a base station, a method may be proposed in which some of the SCSs used to determine the SCS when counting the TA target slots in [Proposal 1-1] are used to determine the value for applying TA. As a specific example, in a case where a part or all of SRS-pos-FH and/or UTW is set to an applicable _slot to which a terminal is instructed to apply TA from a base station ^{, the value for applying TA} can be determined based on the smallest SCS among the SCSs of all configured UL BWPs, configured SRS-pos-FH resources / UTWs considered for determining n and N slot subframes,μ by [Proposal 1-1].

If the above proposed method is applied, there may be an advantage in that the TA value can be applied according to the absolute time length of the corresponding slot because it follows the SCS that counts the slots to which TA is applied.

(2) Option 2. Method that follows the larger SCS among SRS-pos-FH/UTW and Active UL BWP

If a UE is instructed to apply TA from a base station and some or all of SRS-pos-FH and/or UTW are set for an applicable slot, a larger SCS among the set SRS-pos-FH / UTW and Active UL BWP may be considered to determine a value to apply TA. As a specific example, if a UE receives a TA command in the n-th UL slot and is instructed to apply TA in the n+k+1-th UL slot, and if the SCS of the active UL BWP in the n+k+1-th slot is 30 kHz and SRS-pos-FH is set to an SCS of 15 kHz, the SCS of the TA value can be determined as 30 kHz.

When the above proposed method is applied, the absolute time unit of the applied TA value becomes shorter when following the largest SCS, so that the TA can be adjusted more finely, and accordingly, the accuracy of the measurement of the SRS-pos-FH resource set for transmission is increased, which may have an advantage in terms of positioning accuracy performance.

(3) Option 3. Method following SCS of Active UL BWP

The SCS of the Active UL BWP can be considered to determine the value of applying TA to the target slot instructed to apply TA by the base station. The Active UL BWP can be based on the UL slot following the slot instructed to apply TA, and if BWP switching occurs before the slot to apply TA, it can be based on the new active UL BWP. As a specific example, the SCS of the active UL BWP of the slot can be followed to determine the value of applying TA in the TA target slot instructed by the base station to the terminal or designated by [Proposal 2-1].

(i) Option 3-1. Operation method when SRS-pos-FH is transmitted in a slot where the terminal applies TA

If SRS-pos-FH is transmitted in a slot to which the terminal applies TA, the SCS of SRS-pos-FH can be followed, and if both data and SRS-pos-FH are transmitted in the slot, the SCS of the signal/channel transmitted first can be followed. As a specific example, if the terminal is configured to sequentially perform data transmission and SRS-pos-FH transmission in a slot to which the terminal applies TA, the SCS of the active UL BWP can be followed to determine the TA application value.

The proposed method of option 3 above can be applied independently or in combination with the proposed method of option 3-1, and option 3-1 may not be applied independently.

If the above proposed method is applied, there may be an advantage in that timing adjustment can be made according to the numerology corresponding to the actual transmission of the terminal.

In order to support the frequency hopping operation of SRS-pos-FH resource, an upper node (e.g. a base station or a location server) can determine SRS-pos-FH resource / UTW information and provide it through a higher layer signal (e.g. RRC or LPP) or a dynamic indication signal. Thereafter, the base station can instruct TA operation through MAC CE, and if some or all of SRS-pos-FH / UTW is set in the slot section between the instructed slot and the slot to which the TA operation is applied, the SCS of the TA command information provided to the terminal can be determined by considering the UL/DL BWP, SRS-pos-FH / UTW, active BWP, etc. set in the terminal according to the above option(s), and the TA application slot and value of the terminal can be expected accordingly. After the terminal receives TA application instruction information from the base station, if the terminal sets part or all of the SRS-pos-FH / UTW in the slot section between the indicated slot and the TA operation application target slot, the terminal may determine the TA application slot and value by considering the UL/DL BWP, SRS-pos-FH / UTW, active BWP, etc. set in the terminal according to the above option(s), and apply the TA accordingly.

[Proposal 2] Timing adjustment operation for slots within the interval where SRS-pos-FH transmission is set

In this disclosure, we propose a timing adjustment operation method of a terminal when a slot to which TA is applied is a slot within a section in which SRS-pos-FH transmission is set or a slot section in which UTW is set.

[Proposal 2-1] How to postpone TA application

In the case where the slot to which the above-mentioned proposed TA is applied is a slot within a section where SRS-pos-FH transmission is set or a slot section where UTW is set, a method of postponing the application of TA can be considered as a timing adjustment operation method of the terminal.

For example, referring to FIG. 16, if SRS-pos-FH transmission (1601) is set for the first slot (slot n+k+1) to which TA is to be applied (or if the first slot is a slot within the slot section in which UTW is set), the terminal can postpone the application of TA to the second slot located after the first slot.

The types of TA that postpones application and the application locations of TA that postpones application are described separately in Proposals 2-1-1 and 2-1-2.

[Proposal 2-1-1] Types of TA that postpone application

The timing adjustment operation of the terminal can be divided into a timing adjustment operation performed by the instruction of the TA command value through the MAC CE or RAR of the base station and a gradual timing adjustment operation performed by the terminal itself through a threshold comparison of the transmission timing error between the terminal and the reference timing.

As a way to postpone the timing adjustment operation of the terminal proposed above, a method of postponing both the application of the TA indicated by the base station and the application of the terminal's own TA can be considered, and a method of postponing only the application of the terminal's own TA without postponing the TA indicated by the base station can be considered. Each of these is described separately as option 1 and option 2.

(1) Option 1. Method of postponing the application of both the TA indicated by the base station and the terminal's own TA.

If SRS-pos-FH/UTW is set for a slot where the terminal is expected to apply TA, the terminal may decide not to perform application of both the TA indicated by the base station and its own TA in the slot, and may decide to postpone the TA application time. For example, the application of TA may be postponed to a slot position determined by [Proposal 2-1-2].

If the TA value is applied differently between hops during the process of performing SRS-pos-FH, neighboring cells other than the serving cell may not recognize the information about the TA adjustment, which may cause errors in measuring the reception timing. If the proposed method of option 1 is applied, there may be an advantage in that the positioning accuracy performance can be guaranteed because the transmission of SRS-pos-FH with TA change applied is not completely expected within the section where SRS-pos-FH transmission is set.

(2) Option 2. The TA instructed by the base station operates as is, and the terminal's own TA is postponed.

When SRS-pos-FH / UTW is set for a slot where a terminal is expected to apply TA, if the TA determines that the terminal should apply TA on its own through threshold comparison, the timing of applying the TA may be postponed (for example, it may be postponed to a slot position determined by [Proposal 2-1-2]), and if the TA is indicated to the terminal from the base station, it may be determined to perform TA adjustment at a slot position determined according to a pre-determined rule (for example, performing timing adjustment equivalent to the TA value determined by [Proposal 1-2] at the slot position determined by [Proposal 1-1]). In this case, if the slot to which the TA indicated by the base station is to be applied is a slot within a section where SRS-pos-FH transmission is set, the method of [Proposal 2-2] may be additionally followed.

If the above option 2 proposal method is applied, there may be an advantage in that the UL transmission timing adjustment of the terminal may not be delayed because the base station can instruct TA for the section where SRS-pos-FH and/or UTW are set. At the same time, the phenomenon of the SRS-pos-FH reception performance degradation on the serving cell side can be prevented by preventing the terminal's own TA operation that the serving cell does not recognize.

[Proposal 2-1-2] Application location of TA that postpones application

In this disclosure, we propose a timing adjustment operation method of a terminal when a slot to which TA is applied is a slot within a section in which SRS-pos-FH transmission is set or a slot section in which UTW is set.

For the timing adjustment operation of the terminal instructed to apply TA to the slot where the above-mentioned SRS-pos-FH and/or UTW is configured, a method(s) for postponing the instructed TA application operation to a specific slot position can be proposed. The specific slot position can be considered as the next slot of the last slot of the slot section where SRS-pos-FH transmission is configured, the earliest slot where there is a hop-to-hop time interval satisfying a specific condition, the next slot of the last slot of the slot section where UTW is configured, and the earliest UL slot where SRS-pos-FH is not actually transmitted. Each of these is described as option 1, option 2, option 3, and option 4, respectively.

(1) Option 1. Method of postponing SRS-pos-FH transmission to the next slot after the last slot in the set slot section.

For the timing adjustment operation method of a terminal instructed to apply TA to a slot where the above-mentioned proposed SRS-pos-FH is set, a method can be proposed to postpone the instructed TA application operation to the slot following the last slot of the slot section where SRS-pos-FH transmission is set.

If the above Option 1 proposal method is applied, there may be an advantage in that positioning accuracy performance can be guaranteed because TA application is not fully expected within the section where SRS-pos-FH transmission is set.

(2) Option 2. A method of postponing to the fastest slot where there is a time interval between hops that satisfies certain conditions.

For the timing adjustment operation method of a terminal instructed to apply TA to a slot where the above-mentioned SRS-pos-FH is set, if there is a hop-to-hop time interval corresponding to a 'specific condition', the instructed TA application operation can be postponed to the earliest slot where the corresponding hop-to-hop time interval exists. If there is no hop-to-hop time interval corresponding to the 'specific condition', it can operate with another option. As a specific example, if a hop-to-hop interval that satisfies "the hop-to-hop interval after applying the instructed TA is greater than or equal to the required hop-to-hop interval" among the hop-to-hop intervals of SRS-pos-FH set in the slot where the terminal is instructed to apply TA is set 2 slots after the slot where TA application is instructed, the TA operation can be postponed to the corresponding slot. In order to calculate the condition of the above-mentioned proposed method, SCS can be considered according to the method of the above-mentioned [Proposal 1-1] or [Proposal 1-2].

If the above Option 2 proposal method is applied, there may be an advantage of being able to bring forward the application of TA as much as possible while preventing symbol drop of SRS-pos-FH resource.

(3) Option 3. Method of postponing to the next slot of the last slot in the slot section where UTW is set

For the timing adjustment operation method of a terminal instructed to apply TA to a slot in which the above-mentioned proposed UTW is set, a method can be proposed in which the instructed TA application operation is postponed to the slot following the last slot of the slot section in which UTW transmission is set.

If the above Option 3 proposal method is applied, there may be an advantage in that positioning accuracy performance can be guaranteed because TA application is not fully expected within the section where UTW is set.

(4) Option 4. SRS-pos-FH is postponed to the fastest UL slot where it is not actually transmitted.

For the timing adjustment operation method of the terminal instructed to apply TA to the slot where the proposed UTW is set, a method of selecting the fastest UL slot where SRS-pos-FH is not actually transmitted among the UL slots appearing after the slot where the instructed TA adjustment is performed can be used. At this time, the fastest UL slot where SRS-pos-FH is not actually transmitted can mean the slot after transmission of the set/instructed SRS-pos-FH is completed if the corresponding SRS-pos-FH does not collide with another UL signal/channel, and if a collision occurs with another UL signal/channel, the position of the slot where transmission of another signal/channel is performed while the SRS-pos-FH is not actually transmitted by the dropping rule can be determined.

When Option 4 is applied, if the remaining hops of SRS-pos-FH can be transmitted after a collision occurs, the UE may decide to apply the same TA between the transmission of the remaining hops of SRS-pos-FH and the transmission of the hops of SRS-pos-FH transmitted before the collision (i.e., to return to the TA value before TA adjustment). This may be for the purpose of aligning the TA values between the hops constituting the SRS-pos-FH to improve the detection accuracy of the base station. Afterwards, after all transmissions of SRS-pos-FH are completed, the UE may decide to perform UL transmission by reapplying the indicated TA adjustment as in the operation of Option 1.

Some or all of the options of the above-mentioned proposed [Proposal 2-1-2] may be applied, and the operation may be determined by the priority of each option. As a specific example, if SRS-pos-FH and UTW are set in a slot to which the TA indicated to the terminal is to be applied, the above-mentioned proposed method of option 3 may be applied, and if SRS-pos-FH is set in a slot to which the TA indicated to the terminal is to be applied and UTW is not set, the above-mentioned proposed method of option 1 may be applied.

If the above [Proposal 2-1] proposed method is applied, there may be an advantage in that positioning accuracy performance can be guaranteed because TA application does not occur in the middle of the SRS-pos FH operation, and therefore some symbols or hops of SRS-pos FH are not dropped.

In order to support the frequency hopping operation of the SRS-pos-FH resource, the upper node (e.g. the base station or the location server) can determine the SRS-pos-FH resource / UTW information and provide it through a higher layer signal (e.g. RRC or LPP) or a dynamic indication signal. After that, the base station can instruct a TA operation through MAC CE, and if the SRS-pos-FH / UTW is set for the corresponding TA operation application slot, the terminal can expect reception of a signal/channel different from the SRS-pos-FH resource by considering the TA command information provided to the terminal and the method of postponing the TA application operation according to the option(s). After the terminal receives the TA application indication information from the base station, if the SRS-pos-FH / UTW is set for the corresponding TA operation application slot, the terminal can apply the TA operation indicated by the option(s) at the corresponding location.

[Proposal 2-2] How to apply TA to slots where SRS-pos-FH transmission is set

[Proposal 2-2-1] Method of limiting the TA application location within the TA application slot

In case that transmission of SRS-pos-FH is set within the TA application slot determined by the above-mentioned proposed [Proposal 1-1], a method for limiting the TA application position may be proposed to prevent unnecessary SRS-pos-FH symbol drop and to allow the base station to know the position of the dropped symbol when it is dropped. As the above-mentioned proposed method, a method of granting low priority to symbols within the TA application slot and a method of applying TA from the symbol(s) within a time gap that exists between hops corresponding to a specific condition within the TA application slot may be considered. Each of these is described separately as option 1 and option 2.

(1) Option 1. Method of giving low priority to symbols in TA applied slots

If an SRS-pos-FH resource is set in a TA application slot, a lower priority can be given to the symbol(s) composing the slot than to other slots, and priorities can be given among the symbols in ascending/descending order of symbol index. The above priority can mean that when TA is to be applied, it is applied starting from a symbol with a lower priority. As a specific example, if there is an SRS-pos-FH set in a slot to which the base station instructed TA application, the terminal can apply the TA starting from the symbol located at the backmost (or frontmost) in the slot. And/or, among the symbol(s) composing the slot, a lower priority can be given to the symbol(s) for which the resource is not set than to the symbol(s) for which the SRS-pos-FH resource is set.

If the above proposed option 1 method is applied, the position of the hop-to-hop interval to which TA is applied is determined among the hop-to-hop interval(s) of SRS-pos-FH resources within the TA application slot. Therefore, if a drop of SRS-pos-FH resources occurs due to TA application, there may be an advantage in that the base station can accurately know the position of the dropped SRS symbol.

(2) Option 2. If there is a time gap between hops that meets a specific condition within the TA application slot, TA is applied starting from the symbol(s) within that time gap.

For the timing adjustment operation method of a terminal instructed to apply TA to a slot where the above-mentioned SRS-pos-FH is set, if there is a hop-to-hop time gap corresponding to a 'specific condition', the instructed TA application operation can apply TA from symbol(s) within the corresponding time gap. If there is no hop-to-hop time gap corresponding to the 'specific condition', it can operate with another option. As a specific example, if a hop-to-hop interval that satisfies "the hop-to-hop interval after applying the instructed TA is greater than or equal to the required hop-to-hop interval" among the hop-to-hop intervals of SRS-pos-FH set in the slot where the terminal is instructed to apply TA is set, the terminal can apply TA from symbol(s) between the corresponding hops. In order to calculate the condition of the above-mentioned proposed method, SCS can be considered according to the method of the above-mentioned [Proposal 1-1] or [Proposal 1-2].

If the above proposed option 2 method is applied, there may be an advantage in that the SRS symbol drop can be prevented and the positioning accuracy performance can be guaranteed as the required hop-to-hop interval can be satisfied even if TA is applied to the corresponding location.

The options of the above proposed [Proposal 2-2-1] may be applied in part or in whole, and the operation may be determined by the priority of each option. As a specific example, for the timing adjustment operation method of a terminal instructed to apply TA to a slot where the above proposed SRS-pos-FH is set, if there are multiple hop-to-hop time intervals corresponding to a 'specific condition', the TA application symbol(s) may be determined by the priority determined by option 1.

[Proposal 2-2-2] Required hop-to-hop interval of SRS-pos-FH, TA operation method by TA command value

As a timing adjustment operation method of the proposed terminal above, an operation method following the TA command value and required switching gap between hops can be proposed.

In uplink SRS-pos frequency hopping operation, the required switching gap between hops is set by the base station according to the UE capability reported by the terminal and is set in absolute time units. When TA operation is required, the TA command value is calculated mathematically by the index value of the MAC CE indicated by the base station or determined by the terminal's own adjustment operation.

As the timing adjustment operation method of the terminal proposed above, it is possible to propose an operation method of the terminal according to the relationship between the two parameters based on the SCS determined according to [Proposal 1-2]. As a specific example, if "the hop-to-hop interval after applying the instructed TA is greater than or equal to the required hop-to-hop interval" for the TA application location, the terminal performs the timing adjustment operation instructed by the base station or determined by itself, and no additional operation may be expected. On the other hand, if "the hop-to-hop interval after applying the instructed TA is less than the required hop-to-hop interval", the terminal floors the difference value between the hop-to-hop interval after applying the instructed TA and the required hop-to-hop interval to the symbol level of the SCS determined according to [Proposal 1-2] and drops the SRS symbol(s) of the adjacent hop. At this time, a method of determining the adjacent SRS symbol(s) to be dropped can consider a method of giving priority to the SRS symbols in the timing adjustment application slot in ascending/descending order of symbol index.

A method of assigning priority to SRS symbols in the slot to which timing adjustment is applied in ascending/descending order of symbol index.

In case symbol(s) of SRS-pos-FH resource need to be dropped according to the above proposed condition, a method can be proposed to give priority to all symbol(s) of SRS-pos-FH resource set in the corresponding slot in ascending/descending order of symbol index.

If the above proposed method is applied, there may be an advantage in that the base station can accurately know the location of the dropped SRS symbol when SRS-pos-FH is dropped due to TA application.

In order to support the frequency hopping operation of SRS-pos-FH resource, an upper node (e.g. a base station or a location server) can determine SRS-pos-FH resource / UTW information and provide it through a higher layer signal (e.g. RRC or LPP) or a dynamic indication signal. The base station can instruct TA operation through MAC CE, and if SRS-pos-FH / UTW is set for the corresponding TA operation application slot, the terminal can expect reception of SRS-pos-FH resource by determining TA application operation within the corresponding slot according to TA command information provided to the terminal and the above option(s). After receiving TA application indication information from the base station, if SRS-pos-FH / UTW is set for the corresponding TA operation application slot, the terminal can perform TA application operation within the corresponding slot according to the above option(s), and in some cases, can drop transmission of SRS-pos-FH resource according to the above option(s) method. The base station reports measurements using the received SRSp resources to the LMF, and the LMF can estimate the location of the terminal through the measurements.

Fig. 17 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a terminal and a network according to one embodiment. In Fig. 17, the terminal may be a RedCap (reduced capability) terminal, but is not limited thereto.

Referring to FIG. 17, the terminal may receive at least one upper layer signaling from the network (1705). The upper layer signaling may include BWP configuration information for configuring one or more BWPs in the terminal. The BWP configuration information may include information on an SCS of the corresponding BWP. One of the one or more BWPs configured in the terminal may be an active BWP of the terminal. The upper layer signaling may include configuration information on an SRS for positioning. The configuration information on the SRS for positioning may include information on an SRS band, information on SRS frequency hopping, and information on an SCS to be used for SRS transmission within the SRS band. The SRS band may be a virtual BW that aggregates BWPs configured in the terminal, and the terminal may perform RF retuning according to frequency hopping and transmit the SRS. The SCS of the SRS may be configured independently of the SCSs of one or more BWPs configured in the terminal.

The terminal can receive a TA command from the network. The TA command is for adjusting the TA (timing advance) value related to the uplink transmission of the terminal, and can be received through a RAR (random access response) or a TA command MAC (medium access control) CE (control element).

The terminal can determine an index of a first slot at which the received TA command will start to be applied (1715). The index of the first slot can be determined based on a first SCS (subcarrier spacing). The first SCS can be a smallest SCS among the SCS of the SRS and the SCSs of one or more BWPs configured for the terminal. The index of the first slot can be determined based on the SCS of the SRS based on the SCS of the SRS being smaller than the SCSs of the one or more BWPs configured for the terminal.

The terminal can hop frequencies based on the configuration information for the SRS and transmit an SRS for positioning (1720). The same TA value can be maintained while the SRS is being transmitted.

If the first slot is included in the transmission section of the SRS, the terminal can start applying the adjusted TA value from the second slot located after the first slot (1725). The second slot can be selected from among the slots located after the transmission section of the SRS. The second slot can be a slot located immediately after the transmission section of the SRS.

The terminal can transmit an uplink signal based on the adjusted TA value (1730).

FIG. 18 illustrates a flow of a method performed by a terminal according to one embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 18, a terminal can receive a TA command from a network for adjusting a TA (timing advance) value related to uplink transmission of the terminal (1805).

The terminal can determine the index of the first slot related to the application of the adjusted TA value based on the above TA command (1810).

The terminal can transmit an uplink signal based on the adjusted TA value (1815).

Based on the fact that the first slot related to the application of the above-mentioned adjusted TA value is included in the transmission section of an SRS (sounding reference signal) that is transmitted while hopping frequencies for positioning, the terminal can start applying the above-mentioned adjusted TA value from the second slot located after the first slot.

The above second slot can be selected from among the slots located after the transmission section of the SRS.

The above second slot may be a slot located immediately after the transmission section of the SRS.

The terminal can receive SRS configuration information including information on SCS (subcarrier spacing) of the SRS.

The SCS of the above SRS can be set independently of the SCSs of one or more BWPs (bandwidth parts) set in the terminal.

The index of the first slot may be determined based on the first SCS (subcarrier spacing).

The above first SCS may be the smallest SCS among the SCS of the SRS and the SCS of one or more BWPs set in the terminal.

Based on the SCS of the SRS being smaller than the SCSs of one or more BWPs set for the terminal, the index of the first slot can be determined based on the SCS of the SRS.

The terminal can transmit the SRS by frequency hopping in the above transmission section.

The same TA value can be maintained while the above SRS is being transmitted.

The above TA command can be received via a random access response (RAR) or a TA command medium access control (MAC) CE (control element).

The above terminal may be a RedCap (reduced capability) terminal.

FIG. 19 illustrates a flow of a method performed by a base station according to one embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 19, a base station can transmit a TA command to a terminal for adjusting a TA (timing advance) value related to uplink transmission of the terminal (1905).

The base station can determine the index of the first slot associated with the application of the adjusted TA value based on the above TA command (1910).

The base station can receive an uplink signal transmitted by the terminal based on the adjusted TA value (1915).

Based on the fact that the first slot related to the application of the above-mentioned adjusted TA value is included in the reception section of an SRS (sounding reference signal) that is received while hopping frequencies for positioning, the application of the above-mentioned adjusted TA value can start from the second slot located after the first slot.

The above second slot can be selected from among the slots located after the reception section of the SRS.

The above second slot may be a slot located immediately after the reception section of the SRS.

The base station can transmit SRS configuration information including information on the SCS (subcarrier spacing) of the SRS.

The SCS of the above SRS can be set independently of the SCSs of one or more BWPs (bandwidth parts) set in the terminal.

The index of the first slot may be determined based on the first SCS (subcarrier spacing).

The above first SCS may be the smallest SCS among the SCS of the SRS and the SCS of one or more BWPs set in the terminal.

Based on the SCS of the SRS being smaller than the SCSs of one or more BWPs set for the terminal, the index of the first slot can be determined based on the SCS of the SRS.

The base station can receive the SRS by hopping frequencies in the above receiving section.

The same TA value can be maintained while the above SRS is being received.

The above TA command can be transmitted via a random access response (RAR) or a TA command medium access control (MAC) CE (control element).

The above terminal may be a RedCap (reduced capability) terminal.

Fig. 20 illustrates a communication system (1) applicable to the present embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 20, the communication system (1) includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device means a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication/wireless/5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Thing) device (100f), and an AI device/server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). XR devices include AR (Augmented Reality)/VR (Virtual Reality)/MR (Mixed Reality) devices and can be implemented in the form of HMD (Head-Mounted Device), HUD (Head-Up Display) installed in a vehicle, television, smartphone, computer, wearable device, home appliance, digital signage, vehicle, robot, etc. Portable devices can include smartphone, smart pad, wearable device (e.g., smart watch, smart glass), computer (e.g., laptop, etc.). Home appliances can include TV, refrigerator, washing machine, etc. IoT devices can include sensors, smart meters, etc. For example, base stations and networks can also be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device (200a) can act as a base station/network node to other wireless devices.

Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200)/network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station/network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g. V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle)/V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication). Also, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

Wireless communication/connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a to 100f)/base stations (200), and base stations (200)/base stations (200). Here, the wireless communication/connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through the wireless communication/connection (150a, 150b, 150c), a wireless device and a base station/wireless device, and a base station and a base station can transmit/receive wireless signals to/from each other. For example, the wireless communication/connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit/receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting/receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, resource mapping/demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

FIG. 21 illustrates a wireless device applicable to the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 21, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and/or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 21.

A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (106) and/or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memory (104) and/or the transceiver (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information/signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information/signal via the transceiver (106). Additionally, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information/signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information/signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software codes including instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the wireless device may mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.

The second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (206) and/or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) may be configured to control the memories (204) and/or the transceivers (206), and implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information/signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information/signals via the transceivers (206). Additionally, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information/signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information/signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software codes including instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the wireless device may also mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.

Hereinafter, more specific examples of hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) comprising PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, suggestions and/or methodologies disclosed herein and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

The one or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. The one or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more of the following: included in one or more processors (102, 202), or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more of the processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and/or sets of instructions.

One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and/or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be comprised of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer readable storage media and/or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and/or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc., as described in the methods and/or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, and the like, as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas, or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert received user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202). One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert processed user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors (102, 202). For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and/or filter.

Fig. 22 illustrates another example of a wireless device applicable to the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use-case/service (see Fig. 20).

Referring to FIG. 22, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 21 and may be composed of various elements, components, units/units, and/or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and an additional element (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and/or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 21. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and/or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 21. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls overall operations of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control electrical/mechanical operations of the wireless device based on programs/codes/commands/information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless/wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless/wired interface in the memory unit (130).

The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit/battery, an input/output unit (I/O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (FIG. 21, 100a), a vehicle (FIG. 21, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (FIG. 21, 100c), a portable device (FIG. 21, 100d), a home appliance (FIG. 21, 100e), an IoT device (FIG. 21, 100f), a terminal for digital broadcasting, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate/environmental device, an AI server/device (FIG. 21, 400), a base station (FIG. 21, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary, depending on the use/service.

In FIG. 22, various elements, components, units/parts, and/or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit/part, and/or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphic processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of RAM (Random Access Memory), DRAM (Dynamic RAM), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and/or a combination thereof.

Fig. 23 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle applicable to the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned/unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc.

Referring to FIG. 23, a vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a driving unit (140a), a power supply unit (140b), a sensor unit (140c), and an autonomous driving unit (140d). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110/130/140a to 140d correspond to blocks 110/130/140 of FIG. 22, respectively.

The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., base stations, road side units, etc.), servers, etc. The control unit (120) can control elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an ECU (Electronic Control Unit). The drive unit (140a) can drive the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) on the ground. The drive unit (140a) can include an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit (140b) supplies power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) and can include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit (140c) can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit (140c) may include an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an incline sensor, a weight sensing sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward/backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit (140d) may implement a technology for maintaining a driving lane, a technology for automatically controlling speed such as adaptive cruise control, a technology for automatically driving along a set path, a technology for automatically setting a path and driving when a destination is set, etc.

For example, the communication unit (110) can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can generate an autonomous driving route and a driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit (120) can control the driving unit (140a) so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) moves along the autonomous driving route according to the driving plan (e.g., speed/direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit (110) can irregularly/periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and can acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles. In addition, the sensor unit (140c) can acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information during autonomous driving. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can update the autonomous driving route and driving plan based on the newly acquired data/information. The communication unit (110) can transmit information on the vehicle location, autonomous driving route, driving plan, etc. to an external server. An external server can predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology, etc. based on information collected from vehicles or autonomous vehicles, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicles or autonomous vehicles.

The embodiments described above are combinations of components and features of the present disclosure in a given form. Each component or feature should be considered optional unless explicitly stated otherwise. Each component or feature may be implemented in a form that is not combined with other components or features. In addition, it is also possible to combine some components and/or features to form an embodiment of the present disclosure. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment, or may be replaced with corresponding components or features of another embodiment. Claims that do not have an explicit citation relationship in the claims may be combined to form an embodiment, or may be included as a new claim by post-application amendment.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the technical features thereof. Accordingly, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in all respects but should be considered as illustrative. The scope of the present disclosure should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the equivalent scope of the present disclosure are intended to be included in the scope of the present disclosure.

The present disclosure can be used in various devices including networks such as terminals, base stations, and/or location servers of wireless mobile communication systems.

Claims (15)

In a method performed by a terminal, Receiving a TA command from the network for adjusting the TA (timing advance) value related to uplink transmission of the above terminal; Determining the index of the first slot related to the application of the adjusted TA value based on the above TA command; and Including transmitting an uplink signal based on the adjusted TA value, Based on the fact that the first slot related to the application of the above-mentioned adjusted TA value is included in the transmission section of the SRS (sounding reference signal) transmitted while hopping frequencies for positioning, the terminal starts applying the above-mentioned adjusted TA value from the second slot located after the first slot, A method wherein the second slot is selected from among slots located after the transmission section of the SRS. In the first paragraph, A method wherein the second slot is a slot located immediately after the transmission section of the SRS. In the first paragraph, Further comprising receiving SRS configuration information including information on SCS (subcarrier spacing) of the above SRS, A method wherein the SCS of the above SRS is set independently of the SCSs of one or more BWPs (bandwidth parts) set in the terminal. In the first paragraph, The index of the first slot is determined based on the first SCS (subcarrier spacing), A method wherein the first SCS is the smallest SCS among the SCS of the SRS and the SCS of one or more BWPs (bandwidth parts) set in the terminal. In the first paragraph, A method wherein the index of the first slot is determined based on the SCS of the SRS, based on the SCS of the SRS being smaller than the SCSs of one or more BWPs (bandwidth parts) set for the terminal. In the first paragraph, Further comprising transmitting the SRS while hopping frequencies in the above transmission interval, A method wherein the same TA value is maintained while the above SRS is transmitted. In the first paragraph, A method in which the above TA command is received via a random access response (RAR) or a TA command medium access control (MAC) CE (control element). In the first paragraph, A method wherein the above terminal is a RedCap (reduced capability) terminal. A computer-readable, non-transitory recording medium having recorded thereon instructions for performing the method described in claim 1. In the device, a memory configured to store instructions; and A processor configured to perform operations by executing the above instructions, The operations of the above processor are: Receiving a TA command from the network for adjusting the TA (timing advance) value related to uplink transmission of the above device; Determining the index of the first slot related to the application of the adjusted TA value based on the above TA command; and Including transmitting an uplink signal based on the adjusted TA value, Based on the fact that the first slot related to the application of the above-mentioned adjusted TA value is included in the transmission section of the SRS (sounding reference signal) transmitted by hopping the frequency for positioning, the device starts applying the above-mentioned adjusted TA value from the second slot located after the first slot, The device wherein the second slot is selected from among the slots located after the transmission section of the SRS. In Article 10, The above device is a processing device for controlling a terminal operating in a wireless communication system. In Article 10, The above device further comprises a transceiver, The above device is a terminal operating in a wireless communication system. In a method performed by a base station, Transmitting a TA command to the terminal for adjusting the TA (timing advance) value related to uplink transmission of the terminal; Determining the index of the first slot related to the application of the adjusted TA value based on the above TA command; and Including receiving an uplink signal transmitted by the terminal based on the adjusted TA value, Based on the fact that the first slot related to the application of the above-mentioned adjusted TA value is included in the reception section of the SRS (sounding reference signal) that is received while hopping frequencies for positioning, the application of the above-mentioned adjusted TA value starts from the second slot located after the first slot, A method wherein the second slot is selected from among slots located after the reception section of the SRS. A computer-readable, non-transitory recording medium having recorded thereon instructions for performing the method described in claim 13. At the base station, a memory configured to store instructions; and A processor configured to perform operations by executing the above instructions, The operations of the above processor are: Transmitting a TA command to the terminal for adjusting the TA (timing advance) value related to uplink transmission of the terminal; Determining the index of the first slot related to the application of the adjusted TA value based on the above TA command; and Including receiving an uplink signal transmitted by the terminal based on the adjusted TA value, Based on the fact that the first slot related to the application of the above-mentioned adjusted TA value is included in the reception section of the SRS (sounding reference signal) that is received while hopping frequencies for positioning, the application of the above-mentioned adjusted TA value starts from the second slot located after the first slot, A base station, wherein the second slot is selected from among slots located after the reception section of the SRS.

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