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WO2025092411A1 - Procédé de communication, appareil de communication et système de communication - Google Patents

Procédé de communication, appareil de communication et système de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025092411A1
WO2025092411A1 PCT/CN2024/124808 CN2024124808W WO2025092411A1 WO 2025092411 A1 WO2025092411 A1 WO 2025092411A1 CN 2024124808 W CN2024124808 W CN 2024124808W WO 2025092411 A1 WO2025092411 A1 WO 2025092411A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
transmission path
signal
indication information
terminal device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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PCT/CN2024/124808
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王含
黄甦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025092411A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025092411A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, a communication device and a communication system.
  • the location management function can provide positioning functions for terminal devices.
  • LMF can request the network device to measure the sounding reference signal (SRS) of the terminal device.
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • the network device After receiving the instruction from LMF, the network device receives the SRS sent by the terminal device and measures the arrival time or angle or carrier phase of the SRS and other related measurement quantities. The network device reports the measurement quantity to LMF, and LMF uses the received measurement quantity to determine the location information of the terminal device.
  • the accuracy of the location information of the terminal device obtained by the above method is not high.
  • the embodiments of the present application disclose a communication method, a communication device and a communication system, which can improve the accuracy of the location information of the terminal device obtained.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be executed by LMF.
  • the terminal device here can refer to the terminal device itself, or to a processor, module, chip, or chip system in the terminal device that implements the method, without limitation.
  • the method includes:
  • the first measurement result is obtained by measuring the first signal by the first communication device, and the channel quality of the first channel can affect the first measurement result.
  • the channel quality of the first channel is high
  • the first communication device measures the first signal
  • the accuracy of the first measurement result obtained is high
  • the accuracy of the location information of the terminal device obtained by positioning and solving based on the first measurement result is high. Therefore, LMF can determine the quality of the first measurement result based on the channel quality of the first channel, so that the terminal device can be located in combination with the first measurement result and its quality, thereby improving the accuracy of the location information of the terminal device obtained.
  • the first indication information indicates whether the first channel belongs to or does not belong to a first channel type; when the first channel belongs to the first channel type, the first transmission path in the first channel is the transmission path with the strongest energy among multiple transmission paths of the first channel, and the first transmission path is the first transmission path to arrive among the multiple transmission paths.
  • the first transmission path is the first transmission path to arrive among the multiple transmission paths of the first channel, that is, the signal transmitted on the first transmission path is first received by the first communication device, and the first transmission path may also be referred to as the first path.
  • the first channel type may also be referred to as a strong direct path channel type. When the first channel belongs to the first channel type, the signal transmitted on the first transmission path is less interfered by the signal transmitted on other transmission paths, and the channel quality of the first channel is higher.
  • the first indication information indicates that the first channel belongs to or does not belong to a second channel type; when the first channel belongs to the second channel type, an arrival time difference between a first transmission path and a second transmission path in the first channel is less than a first threshold; and the first transmission path is a transmission path that arrives first among multiple transmission paths of the first channel.
  • the second transmission path is a transmission path among the multiple transmission paths that is different from the first transmission path.
  • the first indication information can indicate the channel quality of the second channel by indicating whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type, so that the LMF can determine the channel quality of the first channel based on the first indication information.
  • the first channel belongs to the second channel type, there are samples with energy values greater than a second threshold or there are peak points among the N samples before and after the first sample point of the power delay spectrum corresponding to the first signal; wherein, the first sample point is a sample point of the signal transmitted on the first transmission path.
  • the first transmission path is the transmission path among the multiple transmission paths that arrives first and has an energy value greater than or equal to a third threshold.
  • the first indication information indicates the number of transmission paths of the first channel.
  • LMF determines the weight of the corresponding measurement result based on the channel quality, so that when performing the positioning solution of the terminal device, the measurement result corresponding to the channel with poor channel quality has a lower impact on the positioning result, and the measurement result corresponding to the channel with higher channel quality has a higher impact on the positioning result, so that more accurate terminal device location information can be obtained, and the accuracy of the positioning result can be improved.
  • the first signal is transmitted by the first channel and the second channel
  • the method further includes: receiving a second message, where the second message includes a second measurement result of the first signal transmitted on the second channel and second indication information, where the second indication information includes at least one of the following: a channel type of the second channel and a number of transmission paths of the second channel; and determining a second weight corresponding to the second measurement result based on the second indication information;
  • the determining the location information of the terminal device based on the first weight and the first measurement result includes: determining the location information of the terminal device based on the first weight, the second weight, the first measurement result, and the second measurement result.
  • LMF can determine the location information of the terminal device based on multiple measurement results of the first signal, and can determine the weights of the corresponding measurement results based on the channel quality, so that the measurement results corresponding to the channels with poor channel quality have a lower impact on the positioning results, and the measurement results corresponding to the channels with higher channel quality have a higher impact on the positioning results, thereby obtaining more accurate location information of the terminal device and improving the accuracy of the positioning results.
  • the first weight is greater than the second weight; or, when the first channel belongs to the second channel type and the second channel does not belong to the second channel type, the first weight is less than the second weight; or, when the number of transmission paths of the first channel is greater than the number of transmission paths of the second channel, the first weight is less than the second weight.
  • the channel quality of the first channel is greater than the channel quality of the second channel, so the first weight is greater than the second weight, which can make the obtained location information of the terminal device more accurate and improve the accuracy of the positioning result.
  • the channel quality of the first channel is less than the channel quality of the second channel, so the first weight is less than the second weight, which can make the obtained terminal device location information more accurate and improve the accuracy of the positioning result.
  • the channel quality of the first channel is less than the channel quality of the second channel, so the first weight is less than the second weight, which can make the obtained terminal device location information more accurate and improve the accuracy of the positioning result.
  • determining the location information of the terminal device based on the first message includes:
  • the LMF when the first channel satisfies the first condition, it indicates that the channel quality of the first channel is high, and accordingly, the quality of the first measurement result is high, so the LMF can use the first measurement result to perform positioning and solution, thereby obtaining the location information of the terminal device and ensuring the accuracy of the location information of the terminal device.
  • the first channel does not meet the first condition, it indicates that the channel quality of the first channel is poor, and accordingly, the quality of the first measurement result is poor, so the LMF may not use the first measurement result for positioning and solution.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be performed by a first communication device, where the first communication device can refer to the first communication device itself, or a processor, module, chip, or chip system that implements the method in the first communication device, without limitation.
  • the method includes:
  • the first indication information indicates that the first channel belongs to or does not belong to a second channel type; when the first channel belongs to the second channel type, the arrival time difference between a first transmission path and a second transmission path in the first channel is less than a first threshold; the first transmission path is the first transmission path to arrive among multiple transmission paths of the first channel, and the second transmission path is a transmission path among the multiple transmission paths that is different from the first transmission path.
  • the first channel when there are samples with energy values greater than a second threshold within N sample points before and after the first sample point of the power delay spectrum corresponding to the first signal, the first channel belongs to the second channel type; or, when there is a peak point within N sample points before and after the first sample point of the power delay spectrum corresponding to the first signal, the first channel belongs to the second channel type; wherein the first sample point is a sample point of the signal transmitted on the first transmission path.
  • the first transmission path is the transmission path among the multiple transmission paths that arrives first and has an energy value greater than or equal to a third threshold.
  • the first indication information indicates the number of transmission paths of the first channel.
  • the first measurement result includes at least one of the following: arrival time, receiving angle, and carrier phase of the first signal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be executed by a first network element.
  • the first network element here can refer to the first network element itself, or to a processor, module, chip, or chip system that implements the method in the first network element, without limitation.
  • the method includes:
  • Receive a third message including a perception result of a first object and third indication information
  • the first object is located on a transmission path of a second signal
  • the third indication information indicates a channel quality of a third channel for transmitting the second signal; determine the quality of the perception result based on the third indication information.
  • the perception result is a result obtained by identifying or detecting the first object using the second signal
  • the perception result may include one or more of the shape of the first object, the size of the first object, the position of the first object, and the moving speed of the first object.
  • the recognition result can be understood as the final recognition result of the first object.
  • the first network element can better determine the quality of the perception result of the first object through the channel quality of the third channel, that is, determine the reliability of the perception result of the first object, so as to facilitate subsequent processing of the perception result.
  • the interference to the second signal is smaller, so the reliability of the perception result obtained by using the second signal to perceive the first object is high, that is, the quality of the perception result is high.
  • the channel quality of the third channel is poor (such as the channel quality of the third channel is less than the fifth threshold)
  • the second signal is subject to greater interference, and the reliability of the perception result is low, that is, the quality of the perception result is poor.
  • the first network element may determine the perception result as the recognition result of the first object when the channel quality of the third channel is greater than the fifth threshold, and the recognition result may be understood as the final recognition result of the first object.
  • the channel quality of the third channel is less than the fifth threshold, it indicates that the channel quality of the third channel is poor and the second signal is subject to greater interference. Therefore, the reliability of the perception result obtained by detecting the first object using the second signal is not high.
  • the first network element may further identify the first object based on other auxiliary means, thereby ensuring the reliability of the recognition result of the first object.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be performed by a first communication device, where the first communication device can refer to the first communication device itself, or a processor, module, chip, or chip system that implements the method in the first communication device, without limitation.
  • the method includes:
  • the third indication information indicates that the third channel belongs to the first channel type, the first transmission path in the third channel is the transmission path with the strongest energy among the multiple transmission paths of the first channel, the first transmission path is the first transmission path to arrive among the multiple transmission paths, and the channel quality of the third channel is greater than the fifth threshold.
  • the third indication information may indicate the channel quality of the third channel by indicating whether the third channel belongs to the first channel type.
  • the third indication information indicates that the third channel belongs to the first channel type, it indicates that the channel quality of the third channel is high, for example, the channel quality of the third channel is greater than the fifth threshold.
  • the LMF determines the perception result as the recognition result of the first object, thereby ensuring the reliability of the recognition result of the first object.
  • the third indication information indicates that the third channel belongs to the second channel type, the arrival time difference between the first transmission path and the second transmission path in the third channel is less than the first threshold, and the channel quality of the third channel is less than the fifth threshold; wherein the first transmission path is the first transmission path to arrive among the multiple transmission paths of the third channel, and the second transmission path is a transmission path among the multiple transmission paths that is different from the first transmission path.
  • the third indication information may indicate the channel quality of the third channel by indicating whether the third channel belongs to the second channel type.
  • the third indication information indicates that the third channel belongs to the second channel type, it indicates that the channel quality of the third channel is poor, for example, the channel quality of the third channel is less than the fifth threshold.
  • LMF may further identify the first object through auxiliary means, thereby ensuring the reliability of the recognition result of the first object.
  • LMF determines the perception result as the recognition result of the first object, thereby ensuring the reliability of the recognition result of the first object.
  • the third indication information includes the number of transmission paths of the third channel, and when the number of transmission paths of the third channel is less than a fourth threshold, the channel quality of the third channel is greater than the fifth threshold.
  • the third indication information can indicate the channel quality of the third channel by indicating the number of transmission paths of the third channel.
  • the number of transmission paths of the third channel is less than the fourth threshold, the mutual interference between the signals transmitted on the multiple transmission paths of the third channel is small, so the channel quality of the third channel is high, for example, the channel quality of the third channel is greater than the fifth threshold.
  • LMF determines the perception result as the recognition result of the first object, which can ensure the reliability of the recognition result of the first object.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which is used to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • the communication device includes a unit having the function of executing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, configured to execute the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • the communication device includes a unit having the function of executing the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which is used to execute the method in the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect.
  • the communication device includes a unit having the function of executing the method in the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device for executing the method in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect.
  • the communication device includes a unit having the function of executing the method in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect.
  • the above-mentioned communication device and communication device may include a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • a transceiver unit and a processing unit may also be made to the device embodiment shown below.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, the communication device comprising a processor, configured to execute the method described in any one of the first to fourth aspects or any possible implementation.
  • the processor is configured to execute a program stored in a memory, and when the program is executed, the method described in any one of the first to fourth aspects or any possible implementation is executed.
  • the memory is located outside the above communication device.
  • the memory is located within the above-mentioned communication device.
  • the processor and the memory may also be integrated into one device, that is, the processor and the memory may also be integrated together.
  • the communication device further includes a transceiver, where the transceiver is used to receive a signal or send a signal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes a logic circuit and an interface, wherein the logic circuit and the interface are coupled; the interface is used to input a first message; and the logic circuit is used to determine the location information of the terminal device based on the first measurement result and the first indication information.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes a logic circuit and an interface, wherein the logic circuit and the interface are coupled; the interface is used to input a first signal and output a first message.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes a logic circuit and an interface, wherein the logic circuit and the interface are coupled; the interface is used to input a third message; the logic circuit is used to determine the perception result as the recognition result of the first object when the channel quality of the third channel is greater than a fifth threshold.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes a logic circuit and an interface, wherein the logic circuit and the interface are coupled; the interface is used to input a second signal and output a third message.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store a computer program.
  • the computer program is run on a computer, the method shown in any aspect of the first to fourth aspects or any possible implementation is executed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is run on a computer, the method shown in any aspect of the first to fourth aspects or any possible implementation is executed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is run on a computer, the method shown in any aspect or any possible implementation of the above-mentioned first to fourth aspects is executed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes a first communication device and LMF, the LMF is used to execute the method shown in the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, and the first communication device is used to execute the method shown in the above-mentioned second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes a first network element and a first communication device, the first communication device is used to execute the method shown in the above-mentioned fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, and the first network element is used to execute the method shown in the above-mentioned third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect.
  • FIG1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG1B is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a positioning architecture based on wireless communication provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a positioning architecture based on a PC5 port provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a positioning method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is an interactive schematic diagram of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is an interactive schematic diagram of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is an interactive schematic diagram of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is an interactive schematic diagram of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • At least one (item) means one or more, “more than one” means two or more, “at least two (items)” means two or three and more than three, and "and/or” is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist.
  • a and/or B can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an “or” relationship.
  • At least one of the following items” or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items.
  • At least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", “a and c", “b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.
  • the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example, satellite communication systems, and systems integrating satellite communication and cellular networks.
  • the cellular network system may include, but is not limited to, 5G systems, global system of mobile communication (GSM) systems, code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) systems, general packet radio service (GPRS), long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, advanced long term evolution (LTE) systems, and LTE wireless communication systems.
  • the present invention relates to LTE-A (LTE-A) system, new radio (NR) system, evolved system of NR system, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system on unlicensed spectrum, NR (NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum, NR-U) system on unlicensed spectrum, universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, wireless local area networks (WLAN), wireless fidelity (WiFi), next generation communication system or other communication systems, etc.
  • LTE-A LTE-A
  • NR new radio
  • NR evolved system of NR system
  • LTE-U unlicensed spectrum
  • NR NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum
  • NR-U system on unlicensed spectrum
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • WiFi wireless fidelity
  • Satellite communication systems can include various non-terrestrial network systems, such as satellites or unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) platforms, etc., which transmit wireless frequencies, and they are not listed here one by one.
  • UAS unmanned aircraft systems
  • the technical solution provided in the present application can also be applied to machine type communication (MTC), long term evolution-machine (LTE-M), device-to-device (D2D) network, machine-to-machine (M2M) network, Internet of things (IoT) network or other networks.
  • MTC machine type communication
  • LTE-M long term evolution-machine
  • D2D device-to-device
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • IoT Internet of things
  • the IoT network may include, for example, the Internet of Vehicles.
  • the communication methods in the Internet of Vehicles system are collectively referred to as vehicle-to-everything (V2X, X can represent anything).
  • the V2X may include: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian communication (V2P) or vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, etc.
  • V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
  • V2I vehicle-to-infrastructure
  • V2P vehicle-to-pedestrian communication
  • V2N vehicle-to-network
  • terminal devices can communicate with each other through D2D technology, M2M technology, or V2X technology.
  • the communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application may include at least one access network device and at least one terminal device.
  • the access network device may be a next generation node B (gNB), a next generation evolved node B (ng-eNB), or an access network device in future 6G communication.
  • the access network device may be any device with wireless transceiver function, including but not limited to the base station shown above.
  • the base station may also be a base station in a future communication system such as a sixth generation communication system.
  • the access network device may be an access node, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, etc. in a wireless local area network (wireless fidelity, WiFi) system.
  • the access network device may be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario.
  • CRAN cloud radio access network
  • the access network device may be a wearable device or a vehicle-mounted device, etc.
  • the access network device may also be a small station, a transmission reception point (TRP) (or may also be referred to as a transmission point), a transmission measurement function (TMF), etc.
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • TMF transmission measurement function
  • the access network equipment can also be a base station in the future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc.
  • a base station such as a gNB
  • a base station may be composed of a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). That is, the functions of the base station in the access network are split, and some functions of the base station are deployed in a CU, and the remaining functions are deployed in the DU. And multiple DUs share one CU, which can save costs and facilitate network expansion.
  • the CU can also be divided into CU-control plane (CP) and CU-user plane (UP), etc.
  • the base station can also be an open radio access network (ORAN) architecture, etc. This application does not limit the specific type of the base station.
  • OFD open radio access network
  • the method involved in this application will be introduced below by taking the access network device as a base station as an example.
  • the terminal device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), terminal, etc.
  • the terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water, such as on a ship; it can also be deployed in the air, such as on an airplane, balloon or satellite, etc.
  • the terminal device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, a customer-premises equipment (CPE), etc. It is understandable that the terminal device may also be a terminal device in a future 6G network or a terminal device in a future evolved PLMN, etc.
  • the terminal device shown in this application can not only include vehicles in the Internet of Vehicles (such as complete vehicles), but also include vehicle-mounted devices or vehicle-mounted terminals in the Internet of Vehicles. This application does not limit the specific form of the terminal device when applied to the Internet of Vehicles.
  • the communication system shown in FIG1A includes a base station and multiple UEs, such as UE1 and UE2 in FIG1A.
  • the base station can send downlink signals such as configuration information or downlink control information (DCI) to UE1 and UE2, and UE1 and UE2 can send uplink signals such as SRS or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) to the base station.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • UE1 and UE2 can send uplink signals such as SRS or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) to the base station.
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • the communication system shown in Fig. 1B includes one UE and multiple base stations, such as base station 1, base station 2 and base station 3 in Fig. 1B.
  • base station 1, base station 2 and base station 3 can simultaneously transmit data and control signaling for the UE.
  • Each of the above-mentioned communication devices may be configured with multiple antennas.
  • the multiple antennas may include at least one transmitting antenna for sending signals and at least one receiving antenna for receiving signals, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific structure of each communication device.
  • the communication system may also include other network entities such as a network controller and a mobility management entity, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a positioning architecture based on wireless communication provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the positioning architecture mainly includes three parts: a radio access network (RAN) (as shown in Figure 2, the next generation RAN (NG-RAN) is used as an example), a UE and a core network.
  • RAN radio access network
  • NG-RAN next generation RAN
  • the introductions to the radio access network, the UE and the core network are as follows:
  • the core network includes location management function (LMF), access and mobility management function (AMF), service location protocol (SLP) and evolved serving mobile location centre (E-SMLC).
  • LMF location management function
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • SLP service location protocol
  • E-SMLC evolved serving mobile location centre
  • LMF is a device or component deployed in the core network to provide positioning functions for UE, and is responsible for supporting different types of location services related to UE, including positioning of UE and transmission of auxiliary data to UE.
  • LMF interacts with the base station through new radio (NR) positioning protocol annex (NR positioning protocol annex, NRPPa) messages to obtain positioning reference signals (PRS), sounding reference signals (SRS) configuration information, cell timing, cell location information, etc.
  • NR positioning protocol annex NR positioning protocol annex, NRPPa
  • PRS positioning reference signals
  • SRS sounding reference signals
  • LMF and UE transmit UE capability information, auxiliary information, measurement information, etc. through long term evolution (LTE) positioning protocol (LTE positioning protocol, LPP) messages.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • AMF is an access and mobility management function for UE deployed in the core network that meets the 5G standard, performing registration, connection, reachability, and mobility management. It provides a session management message transmission channel for UE and session management function (SMF), provides authentication and authorization functions for user access, and provides terminal and wireless core network control plane access points.
  • SMF session management message transmission channel for UE and session management function (SMF)
  • AMF can receive location service requests related to UE from the fifth generation core network location services (5th generation core network location services, 5GC LCS) entity; alternatively, AMF itself can also start some location services on behalf of UE and send location service requests to LMF. After the AMF obtains the UE's location information, it returns the UE's location information to the 5GC LCS entity.
  • 5GC LCS fifth generation core network location services
  • RAN includes a base station, as shown in FIG2 , gNB and ng-eNB can be connected via an Xn interface (or Xn-C interface), LMF and ng-eNB/gNB can be connected via an NG-C interface, and UE and gNB can be connected via an NR-Uu interface, and UE and ng-eNB can be connected via an LTE-Uu interface.
  • Xn interface or Xn-C interface
  • LMF and ng-eNB/gNB can be connected via an NG-C interface
  • UE and gNB can be connected via an NR-Uu interface
  • UE and ng-eNB can be connected via an LTE-Uu interface.
  • FIG. 2 is only an exemplary illustration of a communication system applicable to the embodiment of the present application, and does not specifically limit the type, quantity, connection mode, etc. of the network elements included in the communication system applicable to the present application.
  • E-SMLC or SLP is not indispensable; for example, ng-eNB includes multiple transmission points (TP) in some embodiments, gNB includes multiple transmission reception points (TRP) in some embodiments, and the terminal device is called a SUPL enabled terminal (SET) in some embodiments or includes SET in some embodiments, and SUPL is secure user plane location (secure user plane location).
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a positioning architecture based on the PC5 port provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the positioning architecture includes: LMF, AMF, RAN, and at least one UE.
  • UEs can be connected to each other through the PC5 port.
  • UEs can include a UE location management component (UE-LMC), and mutual assistance positioning between UEs is achieved through UE-LMC.
  • UE-LMC UE location management component
  • the receiving end or LMF can determine the distance information between the receiving end and the transmitting end based on the arrival time of the reference channel, thereby obtaining the location information of the terminal device.
  • DL-AOD and UL-AOA positioning technologies are positioning technologies based on the angle of the reference signal (i.e., the receiving direction angle). When positioning the terminal device based on these, the receiving end measures the arrival angle of the reference signal sent by the transmitting end.
  • the receiving end or LMF can determine the location information of the receiving end based on the angle information between the receiving end and multiple transmitting ends with known positions.
  • FIG4 is a flow chart of a positioning method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG4 , the method includes the following steps:
  • LMF sends a positioning request message to a first network device, and correspondingly, the first network device receives the positioning request message.
  • the first network device is a serving base station of a terminal device, and the positioning request message is used to request configuration information of an SRS.
  • the first network device sends a positioning response message, and correspondingly, the LMF receives the positioning response message.
  • the positioning response message includes configuration information of the SRS.
  • the LMF may send SRS configuration information to other network devices (such as the second network device) so that the other network devices can measure the SRS sent by the terminal device.
  • the first network device sends SRS configuration information, and correspondingly, the UE receives the SRS configuration information.
  • the terminal device sends an SRS
  • the first network device and the second network device receive and measure the SRS.
  • the first network device and the second network device may measure the arrival time, arrival angle, etc. of the SRS.
  • the first network device and the second network device send the SRS measurement results to the LMF.
  • the LMF receives the measurement results from the first network device and the second network device.
  • LMF determines the location information of the terminal device based on the measurement result of the SRS.
  • the LMF may determine the location information of the terminal device based on the arrival time of the SRS measured by multiple network devices.
  • LMF can determine the location information of the terminal device based on the arrival time of the SRS measured by three base stations, and the locations of the three base stations are known.
  • the coordinates of the i-th base station are (x i , y i )
  • the coordinates of the terminal device are (x UE , y UE )
  • one base station is used as the reference base station.
  • the arrival time of the SRS measured by the two base stations is t i
  • the arrival time difference between any base station and the reference base station is ⁇ t i1 .
  • the terminal device is located on the hyperbola with the two base stations as the focus.
  • the coordinates of the terminal device can be determined by the following formula:
  • c is the signal transmission speed (i.e. the speed of light).
  • the receiving end (such as the first network device and the second network device) needs to measure the accuracy of the measurement result, that is, it is necessary to measure the accurate arrival time (or reference signal transmission delay), arrival angle or carrier phase, etc.
  • the measurement result error will be large, resulting in low positioning accuracy.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method that can reduce the power consumption of a terminal device.
  • the interaction diagram in this application uses the network device and the terminal device as the execution subject of the interaction diagram as an example to illustrate the method, but this application does not limit the execution subject of the interaction diagram.
  • the network device in the interaction diagram can also be a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the network device to implement the method, or a logical node, a logical module, or software that can implement all or part of the network device functions;
  • the terminal device in the interaction diagram can also be a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the terminal to implement the method.
  • sending information to...(terminal) can be understood as the destination end of the information being the terminal, and can include directly or indirectly sending information to the terminal.
  • receiving information from...(terminal) can be understood as the source end of the information being the terminal, and can include directly or indirectly receiving information from the terminal.
  • the information may be processed as necessary between the source end and the destination end of the information transmission. For example, at the source end of the information transmission, one or more of the following processes, including encoding, modulation, power matching, and resource mapping, can be performed on the information. For another example, at the destination end of receiving the information, one or more of the following processes, including resource de-mapping, demodulation, and decoding, can be performed on the information. Similar expressions in the present application can be understood similarly and will not be repeated here.
  • Figure 5 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be applied to the communication systems shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 2, and 3, or the method is applied to the LMF and the first communication device, which can be the terminal device or network device described above.
  • the method includes but is not limited to the following steps.
  • the second communication device sends a first signal, and correspondingly, the first communication device receives the first signal.
  • the first signal is used to locate the terminal device.
  • the first signal may include an SRS or a PRS.
  • the first communication device measures the first signal to obtain a first measurement result.
  • the first measurement result includes at least one of the following: the arrival time of the first signal, the transmission delay of the first signal from the second communication device to the first communication device, the reception angle of the first signal, and the carrier phase of the first signal, that is, the first communication device can measure the arrival time of the first signal, the transmission delay of the first signal from the second communication device to the first communication device, the reception angle of the first signal, the carrier phase of the first signal, etc.
  • the first communication device may be a terminal device
  • the second communication device may be a network device or a terminal device
  • the first signal may be a PRS.
  • the terminal device may receive multiple reference signals (such as PRS) from multiple network devices or terminal devices, and measure the multiple reference signals to obtain measurement results corresponding to the multiple reference signals.
  • the first communication device is a network device
  • the second communication device is a terminal device
  • the first signal may be an SRS.
  • the first signal sent by the terminal device may be received by multiple network devices, and after receiving the first signal, the multiple network devices measure the first signal.
  • the first communication device sends a first message, and correspondingly, the LMF receives the first message.
  • the first message includes A first measurement result and first indication information, where the first indication information indicates a channel quality of a first channel for transmitting a first signal.
  • the channel quality of the first channel may be determined by the channel type of the first channel and/or the number of transmission paths of the first channel.
  • the channel type of the first channel may include a first channel type and/or a second channel type.
  • the first communication device or LMF can determine the channel quality of the first channel based on whether the first channel belongs to the first channel type.
  • the first transmission path is the transmission path with the strongest energy among the multiple transmission paths of the first channel.
  • the first transmission path is the first transmission path to arrive among the multiple transmission paths of the first channel, that is, the signal transmitted on the first transmission path is first received by the first communication device, and the first transmission path can also be called the first path.
  • the first channel type can also be called a strong direct path channel type.
  • the first communication device or LMF can determine the channel quality of the first channel based on whether the first channel belongs to the first channel type.
  • the first communication device may determine the channel quality of the first channel based on whether the first channel belongs to the first channel type, and then indicate the channel quality of the first channel through first indication information.
  • the first communication device determines whether the first channel belongs to the first channel type, it indicates whether the first channel belongs to the first channel type or not through the first indication information, and the LMF determines the channel quality of the first channel based on the first indication information. That is, the first indication information can indicate the channel quality of the first channel by indicating whether the first channel belongs to the first channel type.
  • the first transmission path is the first transmission path among the multiple transmission paths of the first channel that arrives and has an energy value greater than or equal to the third threshold.
  • the side lobes of the signals transmitted on other transmission paths may arrive before the first transmission path, or there is an interference signal in the first channel, so that the first communication device receives the signal before the first transmission path arrives.
  • the first communication device can determine the first transmission path that arrives and has an energy value greater than or equal to the third threshold as the first transmission path (i.e., the first path), and the signal with an energy value less than the third threshold received by the first communication device before receiving the signal transmitted on the first transmission path can be regarded as an interference signal, so that the signal on the first path of the first channel can be better identified and interference can be reduced.
  • the third threshold may be determined by the energy value of the strongest path.
  • the third threshold may be X1 dB lower than the energy value of the strongest path.
  • X1 is any positive number, and X1 may be determined by actual business, and this application does not impose any limitation.
  • the channel quality of the first channel can be represented by different numerical values, and a larger numerical value indicates a higher channel quality of the first channel.
  • the first communication device or LMF can determine the channel quality of the first channel based on whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type.
  • the arrival time difference between the first transmission path and the second transmission path is less than the first threshold.
  • the second transmission path is a transmission path different from the first transmission path among the multiple transmission paths of the first channel.
  • the arrival time difference between the first transmission path and the second transmission path is less than the first threshold, and the mutual interference between the signals transmitted on the second transmission path and the first transmission path is large. In this case, the channel quality of the first channel is poor.
  • the first communication device or LMF can determine the channel quality of the first channel based on whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type.
  • the second channel type can also be called a dense multipath channel type.
  • the first communication device can determine whether the first channel belongs to the first channel type based on the rate of decrease of energy of any transmission path (such as the first transmission path) among multiple transmission paths.
  • the first communication device receives the first signal and obtains the power delay spectrum corresponding to the first signal, and determines whether there are sample points with energy values greater than the second threshold within the N sample points around the first sample point on the power delay spectrum.
  • the first communication device can determine whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type based on whether there is a peak point in the N sample points around the first sample point. When there is a peak point within the N sample points around the first sample point, the first channel belongs to the second channel type. When there is no peak point within the N sample points around the first sample point, the first channel does not belong to the second channel type.
  • the first communication device may determine the channel quality of the first channel based on whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type, and then indicate the channel quality of the first channel through first indication information.
  • the first communication device determines whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type, it indicates whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type or not through the first indication information, and the LMF determines the channel quality of the first channel based on the first indication information. That is, the first indication information can indicate the channel quality of the first channel by indicating whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type.
  • the first communication device or LMF can also determine the channel quality of the first channel based on the number of transmission paths of the first channel.
  • the number of transmission paths includes the number of transmission paths whose energy values are greater than a sixth threshold, and the sixth threshold can be determined by the energy of the strongest path.
  • the sixth threshold is X2dB lower than the energy of the strongest path.
  • X2 is an arbitrary positive number, and X2 can be determined by actual business, and this application does not impose any restrictions.
  • the first communication device may determine the channel quality of the first channel based on whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type, and then indicate the channel quality of the first channel through first indication information.
  • the first communication device determines whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type, it indicates whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type or not through the first indication information, and the LMF determines the channel quality of the first channel based on the first indication information. That is, the first indication information can indicate the channel quality of the first channel by indicating whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type.
  • the first communication device or LMF can determine the channel quality of the first channel based on one or more of whether the first channel belongs to the first channel type, whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type, and the number of transmission paths of the first channel.
  • the first indication information includes one or more of the channel quality of the first channel, the indication of whether the first channel belongs to the first channel type, the indication of whether the first channel belongs to the second channel type, and the number of transmission paths of the first channel.
  • energy can also be replaced by received power.
  • the first transmission path has the largest received power among multiple transmission paths.
  • LMF determines the location information of the terminal device based on the first measurement result and the first indication information.
  • the first measurement result includes the arrival time of the first signal, and LMF can use DL-TDOA, UL-TDOA or multi-RTT positioning technology to determine the location information of the terminal device.
  • the first measurement result includes the receiving angle of the first signal, and LMF can use DL-AOD or UL-AOA positioning technology to determine the location information of the terminal device.
  • the first measurement result includes the carrier phase of the first signal, and LMF can use the carrier phase positioning method to determine the location information of the terminal device.
  • the first signal may be transmitted by multiple channels, which may be channels between the terminal device and multiple network devices, and the LMF may determine the location information of the terminal device based on the measurement results of the first signal on the multiple channels.
  • the first signal is transmitted by the first channel and the second channel, and the LMF also receives a second message, the second message includes the second measurement result of the first signal transmitted on the second channel and second indication information, and the second indication information includes at least one of the following: the channel type of the second channel, the number of transmission paths of the second channel; the LMF determines the second weight corresponding to the second measurement result based on the second indication information, and determines the location information of the terminal device based on the first weight, the second weight, the first measurement result, and the second measurement result.
  • the first weight is greater than the second weight; or, when the first channel belongs to the second channel type and the second channel does not belong to the second channel type, the first weight is less than the second weight; or, when the number of transmission paths of the first channel is greater than the number of transmission paths of the second channel, the first weight is less than the second weight.
  • the channel quality of the first channel is less than the channel quality of the second channel, so the first weight is less than the second weight, which can make the obtained location information of the terminal device more accurate and improve the accuracy of the positioning result.
  • the channel quality of the first channel is greater than the channel quality of the second channel
  • the first weight is greater than the second weight.
  • the channel quality of the first channel is greater than the channel quality of the second channel, and the first weight is greater than the second weight.
  • the weights of the corresponding measurement results can be determined based on the channel quality, so that when the LMF performs positioning solution based on the measurement results, the measurement results corresponding to the channels with poor channel quality have a lower impact on the positioning results, and the measurement results corresponding to the channels with higher channel quality have a higher impact on the positioning results, thereby obtaining more accurate terminal device location information and improving the accuracy of the positioning results.
  • the location information of the terminal device is determined based on the first measurement result.
  • the first condition includes at least one of the following: the first channel belongs to a first channel type, the first channel does not belong to a second channel type, and the number of transmission paths of the first channel is less than or equal to a fourth threshold.
  • the LMF when the first channel satisfies the first condition, it indicates that the channel quality of the first channel is high, and accordingly, the quality of the first measurement result is high, so the LMF can use the first measurement result to perform positioning and solution, thereby obtaining the location information of the terminal device and ensuring the accuracy of the location information of the terminal device.
  • the first channel does not meet the first condition, it indicates that the channel quality of the first channel is poor, and accordingly, the quality of the first measurement result is poor, so the LMF may not use the first measurement result to perform positioning and solution.
  • the LMF may obtain multiple measurement results corresponding to the first signal in multiple channels, and determine the location information of the terminal device based on the measurement results corresponding to the channels that meet the first condition in the multiple measurement results. That is, the LMF determines the location information of the terminal device based on the measurement results corresponding to the channels with high channel quality among the multiple channels, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the obtained location information of the terminal device.
  • the LMF determines the location information of the terminal device based on the carrier phase of the first signal.
  • the LMF can determine the location information of the terminal device based on the arrival time of the first signal.
  • the LMF can select a positioning solution method that matches the channel type based on the channel type of the first channel, so that the obtained location information of the terminal device is highly accurate, providing the accuracy of the positioning result.
  • the carrier phase of the first signal includes the carrier phase of the signal on the first transmission path.
  • the signal on the first transmission path is less interfered by other transmission paths, and the carrier phase of the signal on the first transmission path measured by the first communication device has high reliability. Therefore, positioning solution can be performed based on the carrier phase of the first transmission path, so that the obtained location information of the terminal device has high accuracy, thereby improving the accuracy of the positioning result.
  • the arrival time of the first signal includes the arrival time of the signal on the first transmission path.
  • the first channel belongs to the first channel type, the reliability of the arrival time of the signal on the first transmission path measured by the first communication device is high. Therefore, positioning can be solved based on the carrier phase of the first transmission path, so that the location information of the terminal device obtained is highly accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of the positioning result.
  • the first measurement result is obtained by measuring the first signal by the first communication device, and the channel quality of the first channel can affect the first measurement result.
  • the first communication device measures the first signal
  • the precision of the first measurement result obtained is high
  • the precision of the location information of the terminal device obtained by positioning and solving based on the first measurement result is high. Therefore, LMF can determine the quality of the first measurement result based on the channel quality of the first channel, so that the terminal device can be located in combination with the first measurement result and its quality, so as to improve the precision of the location information of the terminal device obtained.
  • Figure 6 is an interactive schematic diagram of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method is applied to a terminal device, a first network device, a second network device and an LMF
  • the terminal device can be the second communication device shown above
  • the first network device can be the first communication device shown above
  • the LMF can be the LMF shown above.
  • the method includes but is not limited to the following steps.
  • LMF sends a first request message to a first network device.
  • the first network device receives the first request message, and the first request message requests the first network device to configure SRS for the terminal device.
  • the first network device is a serving base station of the terminal device, providing access service for the terminal device.
  • the first request message may include an NRPPa message.
  • the first network device sends SRS configuration information, and correspondingly, the terminal device receives the SRS configuration information. Including uplink SRS resources.
  • the first network device sends a first response message, and correspondingly, the LMF receives the first response message.
  • the first response message includes SRS configuration information.
  • the first response message includes an NRPPa message.
  • LMF sends a second request message, and correspondingly, the first network device and the second network device receive the second request message, where the second request message includes SRS configuration information, which is used to request the first network device and the second network device to measure the SRS sent by the terminal device.
  • the second network device is a network device that participates in the positioning of the terminal device, for example, the second network device may be a neighboring base station of the first network device. It is understandable that in the embodiment of the present application, there may be multiple network devices that participate in the positioning of the terminal device, and the embodiment of the present application only takes the first network device and the second network device as examples.
  • the terminal device sends an SRS, and correspondingly, the first network device and the second network device receive the SRS.
  • step 605 can also refer to the specific implementation of step 501 in Figure 5, which will not be described in detail here.
  • LMF can determine the first weight corresponding to the first measurement result based on the first indication information, determine the second weight corresponding to the second measurement result based on the second indication information, LMF determines the second weight corresponding to the second measurement result based on the second indication information, and determines the location information of the terminal device based on the first weight, the second weight, the first measurement result and the second measurement result.
  • the SRS sent by the terminal device can be received by multiple network devices, which receive and measure the SRS through corresponding channels, and report the measurement results and channel types corresponding to the channels to the LMF.
  • the LMF can select the measurement results corresponding to the channels that meet the conditions based on the channel types of the channels reported by the multiple network devices for transmitting the SRS for positioning and solution to obtain the location information of the terminal device.
  • the LMF can select the measurement results corresponding to the channels that belong to the first channel type and do not belong to the second channel type for carrier phase positioning and solution to obtain the location information of the terminal device.
  • the LMF can select the measurement results corresponding to the channels that belong to the first channel type for TDOA positioning and solution to obtain the location information of the terminal device.
  • step 608 can refer to the specific implementation of step 503 in Figure 5, which will not be described in detail here.
  • multiple network devices involved in positioning receive and measure the SRS sent by the terminal device, and report the measurement results corresponding to the SRS and the channel quality of the channel transmitting the SRS to the LMF, so that the LMF can determine the location information of the terminal device based on the multiple measurement results and the channel quality of the corresponding channels, thereby improving the accuracy of the location information of the terminal device obtained.
  • Figure 7 is an interactive schematic diagram of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method is applied to a terminal device, a first network device, a second network device and an LMF
  • the terminal device can be the first communication device shown above
  • the first network device can be the second communication device shown above
  • the LMF can be the LMF shown above.
  • the method includes but is not limited to the following steps.
  • LMF obtains the capabilities of the terminal device.
  • LMF can obtain the ability of the terminal device to receive signals, for example, LMF determines the signal period supported by the terminal device, or the time and frequency resources available to the terminal device, etc. LMF can obtain the terminal device capability through the LPP capability transfer process.
  • LMF sends a third request message, and correspondingly, the first network device and the second network device receive the third request message.
  • the third request message is used to request information of the first network device or the second network device.
  • the third request message requests at least one of the following: cell information, location information (such as coordinates), ID, and PRS configuration information of the first network device or the second network device.
  • the first network device may be a service base station of the terminal device, that is, the first network device provides access services for the terminal device.
  • the second network device is a network device participating in the positioning of the terminal device, for example, the second network device may be a neighboring base station of the first network device.
  • the first network device or the second network device sends a third response message, and accordingly, the LMF receives the third response message.
  • the third response message includes information of the first network device or the second network device.
  • the third response message includes at least one of the following: cell information, location information (such as coordinates), ID, and PRS configuration information of the first network device or the second network device.
  • the LMF sends a fourth message to the terminal device, and correspondingly, the terminal device receives the fourth message.
  • the fourth message is used to provide positioning assistance information.
  • the fourth message includes PRS configuration information, location information of the first network device or the second network device, etc.
  • LMF sends a positioning request message.
  • the terminal device receives the positioning request message.
  • the positioning request message requests the terminal device and the PRU to measure the PRS.
  • the terminal device may include a positioning reference unit (PRU).
  • PRU positioning reference unit
  • the first network device and the second network device send a PRS, and correspondingly, the terminal device or the PRU receives the PRS.
  • the terminal device may receive PRSs sent by multiple network devices through multiple channels, and measure the PRSs sent on each channel respectively and obtain channel information (such as channel quality, channel type, number of transmission paths, etc.).
  • channel information such as channel quality, channel type, number of transmission paths, etc.
  • the terminal device sends a first message, and correspondingly, the LMF receives the first message, where the first message includes a first measurement result of the PRS on the first channel and first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the channel quality of the first channel.
  • the first channel may be a channel between the terminal device and the first network device, the network device sends the PRS through the first channel, and the terminal device receives the PRS through the first channel.
  • the terminal device may receive PRSs sent by multiple network devices through multiple channels, and measure the PRSs sent on each channel respectively.
  • the first message includes measurement results corresponding to the multiple channels, and the first indication information is used to indicate the channel quality of the multiple channels, and the multiple channels transmit PRSs.
  • the terminal device may receive and measure PRSs from multiple network devices through multiple channels, thereby obtaining multiple measurement results, and report the measurement results corresponding to the multiple channels and the channel quality or channel type respectively through the first message.
  • LMF determines the location information of the terminal device based on the first measurement result and the first indication information.
  • step 708 can refer to the specific implementation of step 503 in Figure 5, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the terminal device receives PRSs from multiple network devices through multiple channels and measures the PRSs on each channel.
  • the terminal device may indicate the channel quality of each channel through multiple measurement results corresponding to each channel and the first indication information, so that the LMF can perform positioning and solution of the terminal device based on the channel quality of each channel and the multiple measurement results, thereby improving the accuracy of the obtained location information of the terminal device.
  • Figure 8 is an interactive schematic diagram of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be applied to a first communication device and a first network element, the first communication device can be the first communication device shown above (such as a terminal device or a network device), the first network element can be the LMF or sensing management function (SMF) shown above, or the first network element can be a functional module in the core network (such as a sensing module).
  • the method includes but is not limited to the following steps.
  • the second communication device sends a second signal, and correspondingly, the first communication device receives the second signal.
  • the second signal may include at least one of the following: SRS, PRS, channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), synchronization signal block (SSB), demodulation reference signal (DMRS).
  • the second signal is transmitted on a third channel, and the second signal is used to detect objects on its transmission path.
  • the first communication device may measure the second signal, and based on the measurement result, sense and identify the first object on the transmission path of the second signal, thereby obtaining a perception result of the first object.
  • the perception result may include at least one of the following: the position of the first object, the shape of the first object, the size of the first object, and the moving speed.
  • the second signal may also be sent by the first communication device.
  • the first communication device may also To sense and identify the first object based on the second signal.
  • first communication device can be a network device or a terminal device
  • second communication device can be a network device or a terminal device
  • the first communication device sends a third message, and accordingly, the first network element receives the third message, the third message includes the perception result of the first object and third indication information, the first object is located on the transmission path of the second signal, and the third indication information indicates the channel quality of the third channel for transmitting the second signal.
  • the channel quality of the third channel may be indicated by the channel type and/or the number of transmission paths of the third channel.
  • the third indication information may indicate at least one of the following: whether the third channel belongs to the first channel type, whether the third channel belongs to the second channel type, and the number of transmission paths of the third channel.
  • the specific description of the third indication information can refer to the specific description of the first indication information in step 502 in Figure 5, and will not be described in detail here.
  • the first network element determines the quality of the perception result based on the third indication information.
  • the first network element may determine a quantized value of the perception result based on the third indication information, and a higher quantized value indicates a better quality of the perception result.
  • the first network element may determine the channel quality of the third channel based on the third indication information, and determine the quality of the perception result through the channel quality of the third channel.
  • the first network element may determine the perception result as the recognition result of the first object.
  • the first network element or the first communication device may perform a corresponding operation based on the recognition result of the first object. For example, in the case where the first communication device is a vehicle, the first communication device may determine whether it is necessary to avoid the first object based on the recognition result of the first object.
  • the first network element may identify the first object based on other auxiliary means. For example, in the case where the channel quality of the third channel is less than the fifth threshold, the quality of the perception result is poor, and the first network element may re-identify the first object through auxiliary means to determine the identification result of the first object. For example, in the case where the distance between the first object and the first communication device is less than the seventh threshold, the first network element sends an instruction to the first communication device to enable the first communication device to turn on a camera or sensor, and further identify the first object through the camera or sensor of the first communication device.
  • the third indication information includes a channel type of the third channel
  • the first network element may determine the quality of the perception result according to the channel type of the third channel, thereby determining whether to determine the perception result as the recognition result of the first object.
  • the third indication information indicates whether the third channel belongs to or does not belong to the first channel type.
  • the first transmission path in the third channel is the transmission path with the strongest energy among the multiple transmission paths of the first channel, and the first transmission path is the first transmission path to arrive among the multiple transmission paths.
  • the signal transmitted by the first transmission path is less interfered with, so the channel quality of the third channel is higher.
  • the channel quality of the third channel is greater than the fifth threshold, the quality of the perception result of the first object is high, and the first network element confirms the perception result as the recognition result of the first object.
  • the quality of the perception result is not high, and the first network element needs to further identify the first object through other auxiliary means.
  • the third indication information indicates whether the third channel belongs to or does not belong to the second channel type.
  • the arrival time difference between the first transmission path and the second transmission path in the third channel is less than the first threshold
  • the signal on the first transmission path is greatly interfered by the signal on the second transmission path
  • the channel quality of the third channel is poor, for example, the channel quality of the third channel is less than the fifth threshold.
  • the first transmission path is the first transmission path to arrive among multiple transmission paths of the third channel
  • the second transmission path is a transmission path among multiple transmission paths that is different from the first transmission path.
  • the quality of the perception result is not high, and the first network element needs to further identify the first object through other auxiliary means; in the case where the third channel does not belong to the second channel type, the quality of the perception result is high, and the first network element confirms the perception result as the identification result of the first object.
  • the third indication information includes the number of transmission paths of the third channel.
  • the channel quality of the third channel is greater than the fifth threshold. In this case, the quality of the perception result is high, and the first network element confirms the perception result as the recognition result of the first object.
  • the first network element can better determine the quality of the perception result of the first object through the channel quality of the third channel, that is, determine the reliability of the perception result of the first object, so as to facilitate the subsequent processing of the perception result. For example, when the channel quality of the third channel is greater than the fifth threshold, it indicates that the channel quality of the third channel is high and the second signal is less interfered with. Therefore, the first object is detected using the second signal, and the perception result obtained has high reliability. The first network element can determine the perception result as the recognition result of the first object, thereby ensuring the reliability of the recognition result of the first object. When the channel quality of the third channel is less than the fifth threshold, it indicates that the channel quality of the third channel is poor and the second signal is more interfered with. Therefore, the perception result obtained by detecting the first object using the second signal is less reliable. If the reliability of the result is not high, the first network element may further identify the first object based on other auxiliary means, thereby ensuring the reliability of the identification result of the first object.
  • Figure 9 is an interactive schematic diagram of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be applied to a terminal device, a first network device, and a first network element.
  • the first network device can be the first communication device shown above, and the first network element can be the LMF or SMF shown above, or the first network element can be a functional module in the core network (such as a perception module).
  • the method includes but is not limited to the following steps.
  • the method shown in FIG. 9 includes steps 901 to 904 .
  • a first network element sends a first request message to a first network device.
  • the first network device receives the first request message.
  • the first request message requests the first network device to configure an SRS for a terminal device.
  • the first network device sends SRS configuration information.
  • the terminal device receives the SRS configuration information, where the SRS configuration information includes uplink SRS resources.
  • the first network device sends a first response message, and correspondingly, the first network element receives the first response message.
  • the first response message includes SRS configuration information.
  • the first network element sends a second request message, and correspondingly, the first network device and the second network device receive the second request message, where the second request message includes SRS configuration information for requesting the first network device and the second network device to measure the SRS sent by the terminal device.
  • steps 901 to 904 can refer to the specific implementation of steps 601 to 604, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the terminal device sends an SRS, and correspondingly, the first network device and the second network device receive the SRS.
  • the first network device and the second network device respectively receive and measure the SRS sent by the terminal device to obtain corresponding measurement results, and perceive and identify the first object on the transmission path of the SRS based on the measurement results, thereby obtaining the perception result of the first object.
  • the perception result may include at least one of the following: the position of the first object, the shape of the first object, the size of the first object, and the moving speed.
  • the first network device sends a third message. Accordingly, the first network element receives the third message.
  • the third message includes the perception result of the first object and third indication information.
  • the third indication information indicates the channel quality of the third channel for transmitting the SRS.
  • the second network device may also sense an object on the SRS transmission path based on the received SRS, and report the sensed result of the object and the channel quality of the corresponding channel to the first network element.
  • the SRS is transmitted by the fourth channel between the terminal device and the second network device, the second network device receives the SRS, and senses the second object on the SRS transmission path.
  • the second network device sends a fifth message to the first network element, and the fifth message includes the sensed result of the second object and the channel quality of the fourth channel.
  • the second network device may indicate the channel quality of the fourth channel by reporting the channel type of the fourth channel or the number of transmission paths of the fourth channel.
  • the first network element determines the quality of the perception result based on the third indication information.
  • the first network element may determine the perception result as the recognition result of the first object when the channel quality of the third channel is greater than a fifth threshold.
  • step 906 and step 907 can also refer to the specific implementation of step 802 and step 803 in Figure 8, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the first network device can perceive the first object based on SRS, obtain the perception result of the first object and the channel quality of the third channel for transmitting SRS, and report the perception result and the channel quality of the third channel to the first network element.
  • the first network element can determine the reliability of the perception result of the first object through the channel quality of the third channel. When the channel quality of the third channel is greater than the fifth threshold, it indicates that the channel quality of the third channel is high and the second signal is less interfered with. Therefore, the second signal is used to detect the first object, and the perception result obtained has high reliability.
  • the first network element can determine the perception result as the recognition result of the first object, thereby ensuring the reliability of the recognition result of the first object.
  • the present application divides the functional modules of the communication device according to the above method embodiment.
  • each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • the communication device of the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 10 to 12.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device includes a processing unit 1001 and a transceiver unit 1002.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing unit 1001 is used for data processing.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 can also be called a communication interface or a communication unit.
  • the communication device can be used to execute the actions performed by the LMF in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device can be the LMF or a component that can be configured in the LMF (such as a chip or system, etc.)
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is used to execute the LMF transceiver related operations in the above method embodiments
  • the processing unit 1001 is used to execute the LMF processing related operations in the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is used to receive a first message; the processing unit 1001 is used to determine the location information of the terminal device based on the first measurement result and the first indication information.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is further used to receive a second message; the processing unit 1001 is used to determine a second weight corresponding to the second measurement result based on the second indication information.
  • first message the first measurement result, the first signal, the first indication information, the first weight, the second message, the second indication information, the second weight, etc. can refer to the method embodiment shown above and will not be described in detail here.
  • the communication device can be used to execute the actions performed by the first communication device in the above method embodiment.
  • the communication device can be the first communication device or a component that can be configured in the first communication device, such as a chip or a system, etc.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is used to execute the transceiver related operations of the first communication device in the above method embodiment
  • the processing unit 1001 is used to execute the processing related operations of the first communication device in the above method embodiment.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is configured to receive a first signal and send a first message.
  • the communication device can be used to execute the actions performed by the first network element in the above method embodiment.
  • the communication device can be the first network element or a component that can be configured in the first network element, such as a chip or a system, etc.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is used to execute the transceiver-related operations of the first network element in the above method embodiment
  • the processing unit 1001 is used to execute the first network element processing-related operations in the above method embodiment.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is used to receive a third message; the processing unit 1001 is used to determine the perception result as the recognition result of the first object when the channel quality of the third channel is greater than a fifth threshold.
  • the communication device can be used to execute the actions performed by the first communication device in the above method embodiment.
  • the communication device can be the first communication device or a component that can be configured in the first communication device (such as a chip or a system, etc.), and the transceiver unit 1002 is used to execute the transceiver related operations of the first communication device in the above method embodiment, and the processing unit 1001 is used to execute the processing related operations of the first communication device in the above method embodiment.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is configured to receive a second signal and send a third message.
  • the above-mentioned communication device may further include a storage unit, which may be used to store instructions and/or data, and the processing unit 1001 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit so that the communication device implements the above-mentioned method embodiment.
  • a storage unit which may be used to store instructions and/or data
  • the processing unit 1001 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit so that the communication device implements the above-mentioned method embodiment.
  • transceiver unit and the processing unit shown in the embodiment of the present application is only an example.
  • specific functions or execution steps of the transceiver unit and the processing unit reference can be made to the above-mentioned method embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the communication device of the embodiment of the present application is introduced above, and the possible product form of the communication device is introduced below. It should be understood that any product of any form having the functions of the communication device described in FIG. 10 above falls within the protection scope of the embodiment of the present application. It should also be understood that the following introduction is only an example and does not limit the product form of the communication device of the embodiment of the present application to this.
  • the processing unit 1001 may be one or more processors, the transceiver unit 1002 may be a transceiver, or the transceiver unit 1002 may also be a sending unit and a receiving unit, the sending unit may be a transmitter, the receiving unit may be a receiver, and the sending unit and the receiving unit are integrated into one device, such as a transceiver.
  • the processor and the transceiver may be coupled, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the connection method between the processor and the transceiver.
  • the process of sending information in the above method can be understood as the process of the processor outputting the above information.
  • the communication device 110 includes one or more processors 1120 and a transceiver 1110 .
  • the communication device can be used to execute the steps or functions performed by the LMF in the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiver 1110 is used to receive a first message; the processor 1120 is used to determine the location information of the terminal device based on the first measurement result and the first indication information.
  • the communication device may be used to execute the steps or functions performed by the first communication device in the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiver 1110 is configured to receive a first signal and send a first message.
  • the communication device can be used to execute the steps or functions performed by the first network element in the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiver 1110 is used to receive a third message; the processor 1120 is used to determine the perception result as the recognition result of the first object when the channel quality of the third channel is greater than a fifth threshold.
  • the communication device may be used to execute the steps or functions performed by the first communication device in the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiver 1110 is configured to receive a second signal and send a third message.
  • transceiver and the processor shown in the embodiments of the present application is only an example.
  • specific functions or execution steps of the transceiver and the processor reference can be made to the above-mentioned method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the description of the first measurement result, the first signal, the first indication information, the second message, the second indication information, the second signal, the third message, the perception result, the identification result, etc. can also be referred to the introduction in the above method embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.
  • the transceiver may include a receiver and a transmitter, wherein the receiver is used to perform a receiving function (or operation) and the transmitter is used to perform a transmitting function (or operation).
  • the transceiver is used to communicate with other devices/devices through a transmission medium.
  • the communication device 110 may also include one or more memories 1130 for storing program instructions and/or data, etc.
  • the memory 1130 is coupled to the processor 1120.
  • the coupling in the embodiment of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • the processor 1120 may operate in conjunction with the memory 1130.
  • the processor 1120 may execute program instructions stored in the memory 1130.
  • at least one of the one or more memories may be included in the processor.
  • connection medium between the above-mentioned transceiver 1110, processor 1120 and memory 1130 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 1130, processor 1120 and transceiver 1110 are connected through a bus 1140, and the bus is represented by a bold line in FIG. 11.
  • the connection mode between other components is only for schematic illustration and is not limited thereto.
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, only one bold line is used in FIG. 11, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, etc., and may implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or may be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor, etc.
  • the memory may include, but is not limited to, non-volatile memories such as hard disk drives (HDD) or solid-state drives (SSD), random access memories (RAM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM), read-only memories (ROM) or portable read-only memories (CD-ROM), etc.
  • the memory is any storage medium that can be used to carry or store program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be read and/or written by a computer (such as the communication device shown in the present application), but is not limited to this.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application can also be a circuit or any other device that can realize a storage function, used to store Program instructions and/or data.
  • the processor 1120 is mainly used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and to control the entire communication device, execute the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the memory 1130 is mainly used to store the software program and data.
  • the transceiver 1110 may include a control circuit and an antenna.
  • the control circuit is mainly used to convert the baseband signal and the radio frequency signal and to process the radio frequency signal.
  • the antenna is mainly used to transmit and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • the input and output devices such as a touch screen, a display screen, a keyboard, etc., are mainly used to receive data input by the user and output data to the user.
  • the processor 1120 can read the software program in the memory 1130, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor 1120 performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the RF circuit.
  • the RF circuit performs RF processing on the baseband signal and then sends the RF signal outward in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna.
  • the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts the RF signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 1120.
  • the processor 1120 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.
  • the RF circuit and antenna may be arranged independently of the processor performing baseband processing.
  • the RF circuit and antenna may be arranged independently of the communication device in a remote manner.
  • the communication device shown in the embodiment of the present application may also have more components than those in FIG11, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
  • the method performed by the processor and transceiver shown above is only an example, and the specific steps performed by the processor and transceiver can refer to the method described above.
  • the processing unit 1001 may be one or more logic circuits, and the transceiver unit 1002 may be an input-output interface, or a communication interface, or an interface circuit, or an interface, etc.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 may also be a sending unit and a receiving unit, the sending unit may be an output interface, the receiving unit may be an input interface, and the sending unit and the receiving unit are integrated into one unit, such as an input-output interface.
  • the communication device shown in FIG12 includes a logic circuit 1201 and an interface 1202.
  • the above-mentioned processing unit 1001 may be implemented with a logic circuit 1201, and the transceiver unit 1002 may be implemented with an interface 1202.
  • the logic circuit 1201 may be a chip, a processing circuit, an integrated circuit, or a system on chip (SoC) chip, etc.
  • the interface 1202 may be a communication interface, an input-output interface, a pin, etc.
  • FIG12 is exemplified by taking the above-mentioned communication device as a chip, and the chip includes a logic circuit 1201 and an interface 1202.
  • the logic circuit and the interface may also be coupled to each other.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific connection method between the logic circuit and the interface.
  • the communication device can be used to execute the steps or functions performed by the LMF in the above method embodiments, etc.
  • the interface 1202 is used to input a first message; the logic circuit 1201 is used to determine the location information of the terminal device based on the first measurement result and the first indication information.
  • the communication device may be used to execute the steps or functions executed by the first communication device in the above method embodiment.
  • the interface 1202 is used to input a first signal and output a first message.
  • the communication device can be used to execute the steps or functions performed by the first network element in the above method embodiment.
  • the interface 1202 is used to input the third message; the logic circuit 1201 is used to determine the perception result as the recognition result of the first object when the channel quality of the third channel is greater than the fifth threshold.
  • the communication device may be used to execute the steps or functions executed by the first communication device in the above method embodiment.
  • the interface 1202 is used to input the second signal and output the third message.
  • the description of the first measurement result, the first signal, the first indication information, the second message, the second indication information, the second signal, the third message, the perception result, the identification result, etc. can also be referred to the introduction in the above method embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.
  • the communication device shown in the embodiment of the present application can implement the method provided in the embodiment of the present application in the form of hardware, or can implement the method provided in the embodiment of the present application in the form of software, etc., and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
  • the present application also provides a communication system, which includes a first communication device and a LMF, and the first communication device and the LMF are used to execute the method in any of the above embodiments.
  • the first communication device is used to execute the steps or functions executed by the terminal device or the network device in the above method embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, which includes a first communication device and a first network element.
  • the first communication device The first network element is used to execute the method in any of the above embodiments.
  • the first communication device is used to execute the steps or functions executed by the terminal device or the network device in the above method embodiments.
  • the present application also provides a computer program, which is used to implement the operations and/or processing performed by the LMF in the method provided by the present application.
  • the present application also provides a computer program, which is used to implement the operations and/or processing performed by the first communication device in the method provided by the present application.
  • the present application also provides a computer program, which is used to implement the operations and/or processing performed by the first network element in the method provided by the present application.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer codes are stored.
  • the computer codes are executed on a computer, the computer executes the operations and/or processes performed by the LMF in the method provided in the present application.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer codes are stored.
  • the computer codes are executed on a computer, the computer executes the operations and/or processes performed by the first communication device in the method provided in the present application.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer code is stored.
  • the computer code When the computer code is executed on a computer, the computer executes the operations and/or processing performed by the first network element in the method provided in the present application.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer code or a computer program.
  • a computer program product which includes a computer code or a computer program.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer code or a computer program.
  • a computer program product which includes a computer code or a computer program.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer code or a computer program.
  • a computer program product which includes a computer code or a computer program.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, or it can be an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the technical effects of the solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium, including a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned readable storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de communication, un appareil de communication et un système de communication, qui relèvent du domaine technique des communications. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : un premier appareil de communication envoie un premier message, et de manière correspondante, un service de gestion d'emplacement (LMF) reçoit le premier message, le premier message comprenant un premier résultat de mesure correspondant à un premier signal et des premières informations d'indication, les premières informations d'indication indiquant la qualité de canal d'un premier canal destiné à transmettre le premier signal, et le premier signal étant utilisé pour localiser un équipement terminal ; et, sur la base du premier résultat de mesure et des premières informations d'indication, la LMF détermine des informations d'emplacement de l'équipement terminal. Des modes de réalisation de la présente demande permettent d'améliorer la précision des informations d'emplacement obtenues de l'équipement terminal.
PCT/CN2024/124808 2023-11-02 2024-10-14 Procédé de communication, appareil de communication et système de communication Pending WO2025092411A1 (fr)

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