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WO2025091204A1 - Mesures de mobilités déclenchées par une couche 1 et une couche 2 - Google Patents

Mesures de mobilités déclenchées par une couche 1 et une couche 2 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025091204A1
WO2025091204A1 PCT/CN2023/128214 CN2023128214W WO2025091204A1 WO 2025091204 A1 WO2025091204 A1 WO 2025091204A1 CN 2023128214 W CN2023128214 W CN 2023128214W WO 2025091204 A1 WO2025091204 A1 WO 2025091204A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measurements
measurement
processors
ssb
aspects
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PCT/CN2023/128214
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English (en)
Inventor
Fang Yuan
Yan Zhou
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Qualcomm Inc
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Qualcomm Inc
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Publication date
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Priority to PCT/CN2023/128214 priority Critical patent/WO2025091204A1/fr
Publication of WO2025091204A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025091204A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/0085—Hand-off measurements
    • H04W36/0094—Definition of hand-off measurement parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
    • H04W56/0015—Synchronization between nodes one node acting as a reference for the others
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H04W56/0045—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay compensating for timing error by altering transmission time

Definitions

  • aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and to techniques and apparatuses for Layer 1 and Layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) measurements.
  • LTM Layer 1 and Layer 2 triggered mobility
  • Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts.
  • Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, or the like) .
  • multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE) .
  • LTE/LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) .
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • a wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communication for wireless communication devices, such as a user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs.
  • a UE may communicate with a network node via downlink communications and uplink communications.
  • Downlink (or “DL” ) refers to a communication link from the network node to the UE
  • uplink (or “UL” ) refers to a communication link from the UE to the network node.
  • Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communication, such as via a local link (e.g., a sidelink (SL) , a wireless local area network (WLAN) link, and/or a wireless personal area network (WPAN) link, among other examples) .
  • SL sidelink
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • WPAN wireless personal area network
  • New Radio which may be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the 3GPP.
  • NR is designed to better support mobile broadband internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink, using CP-OFDM and/or single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) ) on the uplink, as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • SC-FDM single-carrier frequency division multiplexing
  • DFT-s-OFDM discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
  • the method may include receiving a reference signal.
  • the method may include starting Layer 1 (L1) measurements based at least in part on a first Layer 3 (L3) measurement.
  • the method may include receiving a synchronization signal block (SSB) .
  • the method may include starting SSB measurements based at least in part on expiration of a timing advance (TA) timer.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • TA timing advance
  • the method may include selecting a quantity of supported simultaneous channel state information (CSI) calculations for L1 measurements.
  • the method may include transmitting an indication of the quantity.
  • CSI channel state information
  • the method may include selecting one or more resources of a Layer 1 and Layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) reference signal resource set for measurement of a special cell (SpCell) using a physical cell identifier (PCI) , an SSB identifier (ID) , and frequency information.
  • LTM Layer 1 and Layer 2 triggered mobility
  • the method may include receiving the one or more resources.
  • the method may include transmitting one or more measurements of the one or more resources.
  • the apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories.
  • the one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to receive a reference signal.
  • the one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to start L1 measurements based at least in part on a first L3 measurement.
  • the apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories.
  • the one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to receive an SSB.
  • the one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to start SSB measurements based at least in part on expiration of a TA timer.
  • the apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories.
  • the one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to select a quantity of supported simultaneous CSI calculations for L1 measurements.
  • the one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to transmit an indication of the quantity.
  • the apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories.
  • the one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to select one or more resources of an LTM reference signal resource set for measurement of an SpCell using a PCI, an SSB ID, and frequency information.
  • the one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to receive the one or more resources.
  • the one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to cause the UE to transmit one or more measurements of the one or more resources.
  • Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE.
  • the set of instructions when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive a reference signal.
  • the set of instructions when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to start L1 measurements based at least in part on a first L3 measurement.
  • Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE.
  • the set of instructions when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive an SSB.
  • the set of instructions when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to start SSB measurements based at least in part on expiration of a TA timer.
  • Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE.
  • the set of instructions when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to select a quantity of supported simultaneous CSI calculations for L1 measurements.
  • the set of instructions when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to transmit an indication of the quantity.
  • Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE.
  • the set of instructions when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to select one or more resources of an LTM reference signal resource set for measurement of an SpCell using a PCI, an SSB ID, and frequency information.
  • the set of instructions when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive the one or more resources.
  • the set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE may cause the UE to transmit one or more measurements of the one or more resources.
  • the apparatus may include means for receiving a reference signal.
  • the apparatus may include means for starting L1 measurements based at least in part on a first L3 measurement.
  • the apparatus may include means for selecting one or more resources of an LTM reference signal resource set for measurement of an SpCell using a PCI, an SSB ID, and frequency information.
  • the apparatus may include means for receiving the one or more resources.
  • the apparatus may include means for transmitting one or more measurements of the one or more resources.
  • aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, network entity, network node, wireless communication device, and/or processing system as substantially described herein with reference to and as illustrated by the drawings and specification.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a Layer 1/Layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) procedure, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • LTM Layer 1/Layer 2 triggered mobility
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of performing LTM measurements, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of performing LTM measurements, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of indicating a capability of LTM channel state information calculations, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of including special cell measurements, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 13 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 14 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • L1 measurements may be taken frequently and may consume processing resources of the UE. Also, due to the nature of the physical layer and the periodicity of L1 measurements, the UE may switch to and from LTM cells too frequently. As a result, some communications may not be optimal. Less than optimal communications may increase latency and waste signaling resources.
  • a UE may start L1 measurements based at least in part on L3 measurements. For example, the UE may start L1 measurements if an absolute value of an L3 measurement of a serving cell does not satisfy a measurement threshold for L3 measurements. The UE may then stop L1 measurements when the absolute value of another L3 measurement does satisfy the measurement threshold.
  • L3 measurements are performed over a longer term and may mitigate short-term variations.
  • L3 measurements may be beam level or cell level.
  • L3 measurements may indicate a more accurate trend in beam strength than L1 measurements.
  • the UE has a better chance of performing an LTM switch at the right time. This improves communications, which reduces latency and conserves signaling resources.
  • the UE may also not perform and process the more frequent and more numerous L1 measurements when such measurements are not necessary. As a result, the UE may conserve signaling resources.
  • NR New Radio
  • RAT radio access technology
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and/or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) ) network, among other examples.
  • the wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as a network node 110a, a network node 110b, a network node 110c, and a network node 110d) , a UE 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as a UE 120a, a UE 120b, a UE 120c, a UE 120d, and a UE 120e) , and/or other entities.
  • a network node 110 is a network node that communicates with UEs 120. As shown, a network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, a network node 110 may be an aggregated network node, meaning that the aggregated network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single radio access network (RAN) node (e.g., within a single device or unit) .
  • RAN radio access network
  • a network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station) , meaning that the network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs) , one or more distributed units (DUs) , or one or more radio units (RUs) ) .
  • CUs central units
  • DUs distributed units
  • RUs radio units
  • a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with UEs 120 via a radio access link, such as an RU. In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul link or a midhaul link, such as a DU. In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or a core network via a backhaul link, such as a CU.
  • a network node 110 may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and/or one or more DUs.
  • a network node 110 may include, for example, an NR base station, an LTE base station, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G) , a gNB (e.g., in 5G) , an access point, a transmission reception point (TRP) , a DU, an RU, a CU, a mobility element of a network, a core network node, a network element, a network equipment, a RAN node, or a combination thereof.
  • the network nodes 110 may be interconnected to one another or to one or more other network nodes 110 in the wireless network 100 through various types of fronthaul, midhaul, and/or backhaul interfaces, such as a direct physical connection, an air interface, or a virtual network, using any suitable transport network.
  • a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area.
  • the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a network node 110 and/or a network node subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.
  • a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and/or another type of cell.
  • a macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions.
  • a pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions.
  • a femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG) ) .
  • a network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node.
  • a network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node.
  • a network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or an in-home network node. In the example shown in Fig.
  • the network node 110a may be a macro network node for a macro cell 102a
  • the network node 110b may be a pico network node for a pico cell 102b
  • the network node 110c may be a femto network node for a femto cell 102c.
  • a network node may support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells.
  • a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of a network node 110 that is mobile (e.g., a mobile network node) .
  • base station or “network node” may refer to an aggregated base station, a disaggregated base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof.
  • base station or “network node” may refer to a CU, a DU, an RU, a Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , or a Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof.
  • the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one device configured to perform one or more functions, such as those described herein in connection with the network node 110.
  • the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to a plurality of devices configured to perform the one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of a quantity of different devices (which may be located in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to duplicate performance of at least a portion of the function, and the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to any one or more of those different devices.
  • the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device.
  • the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one of the base station functions and not another. In this way, a single device may include more than one base station.
  • the wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations.
  • a relay station is a network node that can receive a transmission of data from an upstream node (e.g., a network node 110 or a UE 120) and send a transmission of the data to a downstream node (e.g., a UE 120 or a network node 110) .
  • a relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions for other UEs 120.
  • the network node 110d e.g., a relay network node
  • the network node 110a may communicate with the network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and the UE 120d in order to facilitate communication between the network node 110a and the UE 120d.
  • a network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay network node, a relay node, a relay, or the like.
  • the wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes network nodes 110 of different types, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, or the like. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and/or different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, macro network nodes may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts) whereas pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts) .
  • macro network nodes may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts)
  • pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts) .
  • a network controller 130 may couple to or communicate with a set of network nodes 110 and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110.
  • the network controller 130 may communicate with the network nodes 110 via a backhaul communication link or a midhaul communication link.
  • the network nodes 110 may communicate with one another directly or indirectly via a wireless or wireline backhaul communication link.
  • the network controller 130 may be a CU or a core network device, or may include a CU or a core network device.
  • the UEs 120 may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile.
  • a UE 120 may include, for example, an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, and/or a subscriber unit.
  • a UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone) , a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or a smart bracelet) ) , an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and/or a satellite radio)
  • Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs.
  • An MTC UE and/or an eMTC UE may include, for example, a robot, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, and/or a location tag, that may communicate with a network node, another device (e.g., a remote device) , or some other entity.
  • Some UEs 120 may be considered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, and/or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) devices.
  • Some UEs 120 may be considered a Customer Premises Equipment.
  • a UE 120 may be included inside a housing that houses components of the UE 120, such as processor components and/or memory components.
  • the processor components and the memory components may be coupled together.
  • the processor components e.g., one or more processors
  • the memory components e.g., a memory
  • the processor components and the memory components may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and/or electrically coupled.
  • any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area.
  • Each wireless network 100 may support a particular RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies.
  • a RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, or the like.
  • a frequency may be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, or the like.
  • Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs.
  • NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.
  • two or more UEs 120 may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using a network node 110 as an intermediary to communicate with one another) .
  • the UEs 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D) communications, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which may include a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol, a vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol, or a vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocol) , and/or a mesh network.
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • a UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and/or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by the network node 110.
  • Devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided by frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, channels, or the like. For example, devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands.
  • devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands.
  • two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) . It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles.
  • FR2 which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz –300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.
  • EHF extremely high frequency
  • ITU International Telecommunications Union
  • FR3 7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz
  • FR3 7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz
  • Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and/or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 and/or FR2 into mid-band frequencies.
  • higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz.
  • FR4a or FR4-1 52.6 GHz –71 GHz
  • FR4 52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz
  • FR5 114.25 GHz –300 GHz
  • sub-6 GHz may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies.
  • millimeter wave may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, and/or FR5, or may be within the EHF band.
  • frequencies included in these operating bands may be modified, and techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.
  • a UE may include a communication manager 140.
  • the communication manager 140 may receive a reference signal.
  • the communication manager 140 may start L1 measurements based at least in part on a first L3 measurement.
  • the communication manager 140 may receive a synchronization signal block (SSB) .
  • the communication manager 140 may start SSB measurements based at least in part on expiration of a TA timer.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • the communication manager 140 may select a quantity of supported simultaneous channel state information (CSI) calculations for L1 measurements.
  • the communication manager 140 may transmit an indication of the quantity.
  • CSI simultaneous channel state information
  • the communication manager 140 may select one or more resources of an LTM reference signal resource set for measurement of a special cell (SpCell) using a physical cell identifier (PCI) , an SSB identifier (ID) , and frequency information; receive the one or more resources.
  • the communication manager 140 may transmit one or more measurements of the one or more resources. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
  • Fig. 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a network node 110 in communication with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a through 234t, such as T antennas (T ⁇ 1) .
  • the UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a through 252r, such as R antennas (R ⁇ 1) .
  • the network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antennas 234 and a modem 232.
  • a network node 110 may include an interface, a communication component, or another component that facilitates communication with the UE 120 or another network node.
  • Some network nodes 110 may not include radio frequency components that facilitate direct communication with the UE 120, such as one or more CUs, or one or more DUs.
  • a transmit processor 220 may receive data, from a data source 212, intended for the UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120) .
  • the transmit processor 220 may select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) for the UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from that UE 120.
  • MCSs modulation and coding schemes
  • CQIs channel quality indicators
  • the network node 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS (s) selected for the UE 120 and may provide data symbols for the UE 120.
  • the transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI) ) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and/or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols.
  • the transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ) and synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) ) .
  • reference signals e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS)
  • synchronization signals e.g., a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS)
  • a transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems) , shown as modems 232a through 232t.
  • each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 232.
  • Each modem 232 may use a respective modulator component to process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream.
  • Each modem 232 may further use a respective modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and/or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal.
  • the modems 232a through 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) , shown as antennas 234a through 234t.
  • a set of antennas 252 may receive the downlink signals from the network node 110 and/or other network nodes 110 and may provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) , shown as modems 254a through 254r.
  • R received signals e.g., R received signals
  • each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of a modem 254.
  • DEMOD demodulator component
  • Each modem 254 may use a respective demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and/or digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples.
  • Each modem 254 may use a demodulator component to further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols.
  • a MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and may provide detected symbols.
  • a receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 260, and may provide decoded control information and system information to a controller/processor 280.
  • controller/processor may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof.
  • a channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, and/or a CQI parameter, among other examples.
  • RSRP reference signal received power
  • RSSI received signal strength indicator
  • RSSRQ reference signal received quality
  • CQI CQI parameter
  • the network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller/processor 290, and a memory 292.
  • the network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network.
  • the network controller 130 may communicate with the network node 110 via the communication unit 294.
  • One or more antennas may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, and/or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples.
  • An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings) , a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, and/or one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmission and/or reception components, such as one or more components of Fig. 2.
  • a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for reports that include RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and/or CQI) from the controller/processor 280.
  • the transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals.
  • the symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by the modems 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM) , and transmitted to the network node 110.
  • the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator.
  • the UE 120 includes a transceiver.
  • the transceiver may include any combination of the antenna (s) 252, the modem (s) 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, and/or the TX MIMO processor 266.
  • the transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller/processor 280) and the memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein (e.g., with reference to Figs. 4-14) .
  • the uplink signals from UE 120 and/or other UEs may be received by the antennas 234, processed by the modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component, shown as DEMOD, of the modem 232) , detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120.
  • the receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and provide the decoded control information to the controller/processor 240.
  • the network node 110 may include a communication unit 244 and may communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244.
  • the network node 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and/or uplink communications.
  • the modem 232 of the network node 110 may include a modulator and a demodulator.
  • the network node 110 includes a transceiver.
  • the transceiver may include any combination of the antenna (s) 234, the modem (s) 232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the transmit processor 220, and/or the TX MIMO processor 230.
  • the transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller/processor 240) and the memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein (e.g., with reference to Figs. 4-14) .
  • the controller/processor of a network entity e.g., the controller/processor 240 of the network node 110
  • the controller/processor 280 of the UE 120 may perform one or more techniques associated with LTM measurements, as described in more detail elsewhere herein.
  • the controller/processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller/processor 280 of the UE 120, and/or any other component (s) of Fig. 2 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 900 of Fig. 9, process 1000 of Fig. 10, process 1100 of Fig. 11, process 1200 of Fig. 12, and/or other processes as described herein.
  • the memory 242 and the memory 282 may store data and program codes for the network node 110 and the UE 120, respectively.
  • the memory 242 and/or the memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and/or program code) for wireless communication.
  • the one or more instructions when executed (e.g., directly, or after compiling, converting, and/or interpreting) by one or more processors of the network node 110 and/or the UE 120, may cause the one or more processors, the UE 120, and/or the network node 110 to perform or direct operations of, for example, process 900 of Fig. 9, process 1000 of Fig. 10, process 1100 of Fig. 11, process 1200 of Fig. 12, and/or other processes as described herein.
  • executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and/or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.
  • a UE (e.g., a UE 120) includes means for receiving a reference signal; and/or means for starting L1 measurements based at least in part on a first L3 measurement.
  • the UE includes means for receiving an SSB; and/or means for starting SSB measurements based at least in part on expiration of a TA timer.
  • the UE includes means for selecting a quantity of supported simultaneous CSI calculations for L1 measurements; and/or means for transmitting an indication of the quantity.
  • the UE includes means for selecting one or more resources of an LTM reference signal resource set for measurement of an SpCell using a PCI, an SSB ID, and frequency information; means for receiving the one or more resources; and/or means for transmitting one or more measurements of the one or more resources.
  • the means for the UE to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller/processor 280, or memory 282.
  • an individual processor may perform all of the functions described as being performed by the one or more processors.
  • one or more processors may collectively perform a set of functions. For example, a first set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a first function described as being performed by the one or more processors, and a second set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a second function described as being performed by the one or more processors.
  • the first set of processors and the second set of processors may be the same set of processors or may be different sets of processors. Reference to “one or more processors” should be understood to refer to any one or more of the processors described in connection with Fig. 2.
  • references to “one or more memories” should be understood to refer to any one or more memories of a corresponding device, such as the memory described in connection with Fig. 2.
  • functions described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or different subsets of the one or more memories.
  • While blocks in Fig. 2 are illustrated as distinct components, the functions described above with respect to the blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combination component or in various combinations of components.
  • the functions described with respect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and/or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller/processor 280.
  • Fig. 2 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 2.
  • a base station such as a Node B (NB) , an evolved NB (eNB) , an NR base station, a 5G NB, an access point (AP) , a TRP, or a cell, among other examples
  • NB Node B
  • eNB evolved NB
  • AP access point
  • TRP TRP
  • a cell a cell
  • a base station such as a Node B (NB) , an evolved NB (eNB) , an NR base station, a 5G NB, an access point (AP) , a TRP, or a cell, among other examples
  • a base station such as a Node B (NB) , an evolved NB (eNB) , an NR base station, a 5G NB, an access point (AP) , a TRP, or a cell, among other examples
  • AP access point
  • TRP TRP
  • a cell a cell, among other examples
  • Network entity or “network node”
  • An aggregated base station may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit) .
  • a disaggregated base station e.g., a disaggregated network node
  • a CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed throughout one or multiple other network nodes.
  • the DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs.
  • Each of the CU, DU, and RU also can be implemented as virtual units, such as a virtual central unit (VCU) , a virtual distributed unit (VDU) , or a virtual radio unit (VRU) , among other examples.
  • VCU virtual central unit
  • VDU virtual distributed unit
  • VRU virtual radio unit
  • Base station-type operation or network design may consider aggregation characteristics of base station functionality.
  • disaggregated base stations may be utilized in an IAB network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (such as the network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) ) , or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) ) to facilitate scaling of communication systems by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be individually deployed.
  • a disaggregated base station may include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality implemented for at least one unit virtually, which can enable flexibility in network design.
  • the various units of the disaggregated base station can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the disaggregated base station.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture 300, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310 that can communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 through one or more disaggregated control units (such as a Near-RT RIC 325 via an E2 link, or a Non-RT RIC 315 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 305, or both) .
  • a CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links, such as through F1 interfaces.
  • Each of the DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via respective fronthaul links.
  • Each of the RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective radio frequency (RF) access links.
  • RF radio frequency
  • Each of the units may include one or more interfaces or be coupled with one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium.
  • Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to one or multiple communication interfaces of the respective unit, can be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium.
  • each of the units can include a wired interface, configured to receive or transmit signals over a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other units, and a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) , configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other units.
  • a wireless interface which may include a receiver, a transmitter or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) , configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other units.
  • the CU 310 may host one or more higher layer control functions.
  • control functions can include radio resource control (RRC) functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions, among other examples.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • SDAP service data adaptation protocol
  • Each control function can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 310.
  • the CU 310 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (for example, Central Unit –User Plane (CU-UP) functionality) , control plane functionality (for example, Central Unit –Control Plane (CU-CP) functionality) , or a combination thereof.
  • the CU 310 can be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units.
  • a CU-UP unit can communicate bidirectionally with a CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration.
  • the CU 310 can be implemented to communicate with a DU 330, as necessary, for network control and signaling.
  • Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 340.
  • the DU 330 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as a functional split defined by the 3GPP.
  • the one or more high PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, and modulation and demodulation, among other examples.
  • FEC forward error correction
  • the DU 330 may further host one or more low PHY layers, such as implemented by one or more modules for a fast Fourier transform (FFT) , an inverse FFT (iFFT) , digital beamforming, or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, among other examples.
  • FFT fast Fourier transform
  • iFFT inverse FFT
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • Each layer (which also may be referred to as a module) can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or with the control functions hosted by the CU 310.
  • Each RU 340 may implement lower-layer functionality.
  • an RU 340, controlled by a DU 330 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions, such as performing an FFT, performing an iFFT, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, among other examples, based on a functional split (for example, a functional split defined by the 3GPP) , such as a lower layer functional split.
  • each RU 340 can be operated to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120.
  • OTA over the air
  • real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU (s) 340 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 330.
  • this configuration can enable each DU 330 and the CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.
  • the SMO Framework 305 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements.
  • the SMO Framework 305 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface) .
  • the SMO Framework 305 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface) .
  • a cloud computing platform such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390
  • network element life cycle management such as to instantiate virtualized network elements
  • a cloud computing platform interface such as an O2 interface
  • Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, CUs 310, DUs 330, RUs 340, non-RT RICs 315, and Near-RT RICs 325.
  • the SMO Framework 305 can communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 311, via an O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO Framework 305 can communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via a respective O1 interface.
  • the SMO Framework 305 also may include a Non-RT RIC 315 configured to support functionality of the SMO Framework 305.
  • the Non-RT RIC 315 may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications/features in the Near-RT RIC 325.
  • the Non-RT RIC 315 may be coupled to or communicate with (such as via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 325.
  • the Near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to include a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions over an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, or both, as well as an O-eNB, with the Near-RT RIC 325.
  • the Non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 325 and may be received at the SMO Framework 305 or the Non-RT RIC 315 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 315 or the Near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and employ AI/ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO Framework 305 (such as reconfiguration via an O1 interface) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies) .
  • a network node 110 may instruct a UE 120 to change serving cells, such as when the UE 120 moves away from coverage of a current serving cell (sometimes referred to as a source cell) and toward coverage of a neighboring cell (sometimes referred to as a target cell) .
  • the network node 110 may instruct the UE 120 to change cells using a L3 handover procedure.
  • An L3 handover procedure may include the network node 110 transmitting, to the UE 120, an RRC reconfiguration message indicating that the UE 120 should perform a handover procedure to a target cell, which may be transmitted in response to the UE 120 providing the network node 110 with an L3 measurement report indicating signal strength measurements associated with various cells (e.g., measurements associated with the source cell and one or more neighboring cells) .
  • the UE 120 may communicate with the source cell and the target cell to detach from the source cell and connect to the target cell (e.g., the UE 120 may establish an RRC connection with the target cell) .
  • the target cell may communicate with a user plane function (UPF) of a core network to instruct the UPF to switch a user plane path of the UE 120 from the source cell to the target cell.
  • the target cell may also communicate with the source cell to indicate that handover is complete and that the source cell may be released.
  • UPF user plane function
  • L3 handover procedures may be associated with high latency and high overhead due to the multiple RRC reconfiguration messages and/or other L3 signaling and operations used to perform the handover procedures.
  • a UE 120 may be configured to perform a lower-layer (e.g., L1 and/or L2) handover procedure, sometimes referred to an LTM procedure, such as the example 400 LTM procedure shown in Fig 4.
  • the LTM procedure may include four phases: an LTM preparation phase, an early synchronization phase (shown as “early sync” in Fig. 4) , an LTM execution phase, and/or an LTM completion phase.
  • the UE 120 may be in an RRC connected state (sometimes referred to as RRC_Connected) with a source cell.
  • the UE 120 may transmit, and the network node 110 may receive, a measurement report (sometimes referred to as a MeasurementReport) , which may be an L3 measurement report.
  • the measurement report may indicate signal strength measurements (e.g., RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and/or CQI) or similar measurements associated with the source cell and/or one or more neighboring cells.
  • the network node 110 may decide to use LTM, and thus, as shown by reference number 415, the network node 110 may initiate LTM candidate preparation.
  • the network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, an RRC reconfiguration message (sometimes referred to as an RRCReconfiguration message) , which may include an LTM candidate configuration. More particularly, the RRC reconfiguration message may indicate a configuration of one or more LTM candidate target cells, which may be candidate cells to become a serving cell of the UE and/or cells for which the UE 120 may later be triggered to perform an LTM procedure. As shown by reference number 425, the UE 120 may store the configuration of the one or more LTM candidate cell configurations and, in response, may transmit, to the network node 110, an RRC reconfiguration complete message (sometimes referred to as an RRCReconfigurationComplete message) .
  • an RRC reconfiguration complete message sometimes referred to as an RRCReconfigurationComplete message
  • the UE 120 may optionally perform downlink/uplink synchronization with the candidate cells associated with the one or more LTM candidate cell configurations. For example, the UE 120 may perform downlink synchronization and timing advance acquisition with the one or more candidate target cells prior to receiving an LTM switch command (which is described in more detail below in connection with reference number 445) . In some aspects, performing the early synchronization with the one or more candidate cells may reduce latency associated with performing a random access channel (RACH) procedure later in the LTM procedure, which is described in more detail below in connection with reference number 455.
  • RACH random access channel
  • the UE 120 may perform L1 measurements on the configured LTM candidate target cells, and thus may transmit, to the network node 110, lower-layer (e.g., L1) measurement reports. As shown by reference number 440, based at least in part on the lower-layer measurement reports, the network node 110 may decide to execute an LTM cell switch to a target cell. Accordingly, as shown by reference number 445, the network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, a medium access control control element (MAC CE) or similar message triggering an LTM cell switch (the MAC CE or similar message is sometimes referred to herein as a cell switch command) .
  • MAC CE medium access control control element
  • the cell switch command may include an indication of a candidate configuration index associated with the target cell.
  • the UE 120 may switch to the configuration of the LTM candidate target cell (e.g., the UE 120 may detach from the source cell and apply the target cell configuration) .
  • the UE 120 may perform a RACH procedure toward the target cell, such as when a timing advance associated with the target cell is not available (e.g., in examples in which the UE 120 did not perform the early synchronization as described above in connection with reference number 430) .
  • the UE 120 may indicate successful completion of the LTM cell switch toward the target cell.
  • cell switch to a target cell may be performed using less overhead than for an L3 handover procedure and/or a cell switch to a target cell may be associated with reduced latency as compared to L3 handover procedure.
  • the UE may collect L1 measurements (e.g., physical layer RSRP, RSRQ, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) , RSSI) .
  • L1 measurements may be taken frequently and may consume processing resources of the UE.
  • the UE may switch to and from LTM cells too frequently. As a result, some communications may not be optimal. Less than optimal communications may increase latency and waste signaling resources.
  • Fig. 4 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 of performing LTM measurements, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Example 500 also illustrates a network entity 510 (e.g., network node 110) , a network entity 515 (e.g., network node 110) , and a UE 520 (e.g., a UE 120) that may communicate with one another over a wireless network (e.g., wireless network 100) .
  • the network entity 510 may be a candidate cell.
  • the network entity 515 may be a serving cell.
  • the UE 520 may be configured for LTM.
  • the UE 520 may start L1 measurements based at least in part on L3 measurements (at the RRC layer) . For example, the UE may start L1 measurements if an absolute value of an L3 measurement of a serving cell does not satisfy a measurement threshold for L3 measurements. The UE may then stop L1 measurements when the absolute value of another L3 measurement does satisfy the measurement threshold.
  • L3 measurements are performed over a longer term and may mitigate short-term variations.
  • L3 measurements may be beam level or cell level.
  • L3 measurements may indicate a more accurate trend in beam strength than L1 measurements.
  • the UE has a better chance of performing an LTM switch at the right time. This improves communications, which reduces latency and conserves signaling resources.
  • the UE may also not perform and process the more frequent and more numerous L1 measurements when such measurements are not necessary. As a result, the UE may conserve signaling resources.
  • Example 500 illustrates using L3 measurements to determine when to perform L1 measurements as part of LTM.
  • the network entity 510 and the network entity 515 may transmit reference signals.
  • the UE 520 may obtain measurements of the reference signals, including L3 measurements.
  • the UE 520 may derive L3 measurements from measurements that may include L1 measurements.
  • the UE 520 may obtain an L3 measurement 532 of the network entity 510 (candidate cell) and/or the network entity 515 (serving cell) .
  • the UE 520 may compare the L3 measurement 532 to a first threshold 534 (e.g., signal strength threshold) .
  • a first threshold 534 e.g., signal strength threshold
  • the UE 520 may start obtaining L1 measurements (or increase the L1 measurements) , as shown by reference number 535.
  • the UE 520 may obtain an L1 measurement 536.
  • Conditions for the beam, channel, or environment may change. If the conditions improve and an L3 measurement 538 satisfies (e.g., meets or exceeds) the first threshold 534, the UE 520 may stop L1 measurements, as shown by reference number 540. In some aspects, the UE 520 may stop L1 measurements when an L3 measurement satisfies a second threshold 542 (e.g., higher signal strength value than the first threshold 534) , which may help to mitigate fluctuations in the values. As shown by reference number 545, the UE 520 may perform an LTM switch to the network entity 510 (candidate cell) based at least in part on the L1 measurements and/or the L3 measurements. For example, if the L1 and/or L3 measurements show that the beam from the candidate cell is stronger, the UE 520 may request to switch from the serving cell to the candidate cell.
  • a second threshold 542 e.g., higher signal strength value than the first threshold 5344
  • the comparison with the first threshold 534 may involve the absolute value of the network entity 515 (serving cell) .
  • the UE 520 may start to measure a candidate cell in L1 if a serving cell beam in L3 is weak (not satisfy the first threshold 534) .
  • the UE 520 may stop measuring the candidate cell in L1 if the serving cell beam in L3 is strong (satisfies the first threshold 534) .
  • the UE 520 may determine a difference in L3 measurements between the serving cell and a candidate cell.
  • the UE 520 may compare the difference to a difference threshold.
  • the UE 520 may start to measure a candidate cell in L1 if the candidate cell is better than the serving cell by a difference threshold in L3.
  • the UE 520 may stop measuring the candidate cell in L1 when the candidate cell is worse than the serving cell in L3 by the difference threshold.
  • the comparison with the first threshold 534 may involve the absolute value of the network entity 510 (candidate cell) .
  • the UE 520 may start to measure a candidate cell in L1 if a candidate cell beam in L3 is strong.
  • the UE 520 may stop measuring the candidate cell in L1 if the serving cell beam in L3 is weak.
  • Fig. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example 600 of performing LTM measurements, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • a UE may use a TA to account for propagation times when synchronizing the timing of communications.
  • the UE 520 may obtain SSB measurements of SSBs from both the candidate and the serving cell after a timer expires (e.g., a TA timer 602) .
  • the TA timer 602 may be a legacy TA timer or a dedicated UE-based TA timer.
  • the UE 520 may reduce the complexity of adjusting the TA.
  • Example 600 illustrates use of the TA timer 602 for SSB measurements.
  • the network entity 510 (candidate cell) and/or the network entity 515 (serving cell) may transmit SSBs.
  • the UE 520 may start SSB measurements.
  • the UE 520 may reset the TA timer. As shown by reference number 620, the UE 520 may stop SSB measurements from both the candidate cell and the serving cell upon resetting the TA timer when receiving a TA command. As shown by reference number 625, the UE 520 may perform an LTM switch based at least in part on the SSB measurements. For example, if the SSB measurements show that the beam from the candidate cell is stronger, the UE 520 may request to switch from the serving cell to the candidate cell.
  • the UE may measure SSBs a quantity of SSB occasions 614 after the SSB measurement is triggered. This may account for DL timing difference filtering.
  • the quantity 614 may be configured by an indication from the network entity 515, as shown by reference number 630, or obtained from stored configuration information (e.g., specified in a standard) .
  • Fig. 6 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example 700 of indicating a capability of LTM CSI calculations, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the UE 520 may select a quantity 706 of supported simultaneous LTM CSI calculations (e.g., N CPU with a parameter) as a UE capability of the UE 520.
  • LTM CSI calculations include calculations for the CSI involving at least one candidate cell.
  • the UE 520 may select the quantity 706 based at least in part on a history of LTM measurements and processing times for the LTM measurements.
  • the UE 520 may select the quantity 706 based at least in part on a rate of LTM measurements.
  • the UE 520 may select the quantity 706 based at least in part on other LTM or non-LTM operations that are being performed at the UE 520.
  • the UE 520 may select the quantity 706 to be per CC (e.g., parameter simultaneousCSI-ReportsPerCC) .
  • the quantity 706 may include only LTM CSI calculations.
  • the quantity 706 may include both LTM CSI calculations and non-LTM calculations.
  • the UE 520 may receive the selected resources (e.g., RSs) . As shown by reference number 815, the UE 520 may perform measurements of the SpCell using the resources. As shown by reference number 820, the UE 520 may transmit the measurements of the resources.
  • the selected resources e.g., RSs
  • the UE 520 may perform measurements of the SpCell using the resources.
  • the UE 520 may transmit the measurements of the resources.
  • process 900 may include receiving a reference signal (block 910) .
  • the UE e.g., using reception component 1302 and/or communication manager 1306, depicted in Fig. 13
  • process 900 may include starting L1 measurements based at least in part on a first L3 measurement (block 920) .
  • the UE e.g., using communication manager 1306, depicted in Fig. 13
  • Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
  • the first L3 measurement includes an L3 measurement for a serving cell
  • starting the L1 measurements includes starting the L1 measurements based at least in part on an absolute value of the first L3 measurement not satisfying a first threshold.
  • process 900 includes stopping the L1 measurements based at least in part on an absolute value of a second L3 measurement satisfying the first threshold.
  • the first L3 measurement includes an L3 measurement for a serving cell
  • starting the L1 measurements includes starting the L1 measurements based at least in part on a difference between the first L3 measurement and a second L3 measurement satisfying a first threshold.
  • process 900 includes stopping the L1 measurements based at least in part on the difference not satisfying the first threshold.
  • the first L3 measurement includes an L3 measurement for a candidate cell
  • starting the L1 measurements includes starting the L1 measurements based at least in part on an absolute value of the first L3 measurement not satisfying a first threshold.
  • process 900 includes stopping the L1 measurements further based at least in part on the absolute value of the second L3 measurement satisfying a second threshold.
  • the L1 measurements are associated with LTM.
  • process 900 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 9. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 900 may be performed in parallel.
  • Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1000 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Example process 1000 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (e.g., UE 120, UE 520) performs operations associated with LTM measurements.
  • the apparatus or the UE e.g., UE 120, UE 520
  • process 1000 may include receiving an SSB (block 1010) .
  • the UE e.g., using reception component 1302 and/or communication manager 1306, depicted in Fig. 13
  • process 1000 may include starting SSB measurements based at least in part on expiration of a TA timer (block 1020) .
  • the UE e.g., using communication manager 1306, depicted in Fig. 13
  • process 1000 includes resetting the TA timer, and stopping the SSB measurements based at least in part on the resetting of the TA timer.
  • starting the SSB measurements includes starting the SSB measurements a quantity of SSB occasions after the expiration of the TA timer.
  • process 1000 includes receiving an indication of the quantity of SSB occasions.
  • starting the SSB measurements includes starting the SSB measurements of serving cells and candidate cells.
  • the TA timer is a dedicated UE-based timer.
  • process 1000 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 10. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1000 may be performed in parallel.
  • Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1100 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Example process 1100 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (e.g., UE 120, UE 520) performs operations associated with LTM CSI calculations.
  • the apparatus or the UE e.g., UE 120, UE 520
  • process 1100 may include selecting a quantity of supported simultaneous CSI calculations for L1 measurements (block 1110) .
  • the UE e.g., using communication manager 1306, depicted in Fig. 13
  • process 1100 may include transmitting an indication of the quantity (block 1120) .
  • the UE e.g., using transmission component 1304 and/or communication manager 1306, depicted in Fig. 13
  • Process 1100 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
  • the L1 measurements are associated with inter-cell mobility.
  • the quantity is specific to a CC.
  • the quantity is a total across multiple CCs.
  • the quantity includes LTM CSI calculations and non-LTM CSI calculations.
  • the quantity includes LTM CSI calculations and does not include non-LTM CSI calculations.
  • process 1100 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 11. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1100 may be performed in parallel.
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1200 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Example process 1200 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (e.g., UE 120, UE 520) performs operations associated with SpCell LTM measurements.
  • the apparatus or the UE e.g., UE 120, UE 520
  • process 1200 may include selecting one or more resources of an LTM reference signal resource set for measurement of an SpCell using a PCI, an SSB ID, and frequency information (block 1210) .
  • the UE e.g., using communication manager 1306, depicted in Fig. 13
  • process 1200 may include receiving the one or more resources (block 1220) .
  • the UE e.g., using reception component 1302 and/or communication manager 1306, depicted in Fig. 13
  • process 1200 may include transmitting one or more measurements of the one or more resources (block 1230) .
  • the UE e.g., using transmission component 1304 and/or communication manager 1306, depicted in Fig. 13
  • Process 1200 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
  • the PCI, the SSB ID, and the frequency information are associated with the SpCell.
  • the UE is configured with an SpCell inclusion parameter, and the PCI, the SSB ID, and the frequency information are associated with a candidate cell and correspond to a PCI, an SSB ID, and frequency information of the SpCell.
  • the frequency information includes an SSB frequency.
  • the frequency information includes an ARFCN.
  • the frequency information includes a GSCN.
  • process 1200 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 12. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1200 may be performed in parallel.
  • Fig. 13 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1300 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus 1300 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 1300.
  • the apparatus 1300 includes a reception component 1302, a transmission component 1304, and/or a communication manager 1306, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and/or one or more other components) .
  • the communication manager 1306 is the communication manager 140 described in connection with Fig. 1.
  • the apparatus 1300 may communicate with another apparatus 1308, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station) , using the reception component 1302 and the transmission component 1304.
  • another apparatus 1308 such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station) , using the reception component 1302 and the transmission component 1304.
  • the apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 1-8. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 900 of Fig. 9, process 1000 of Fig. 10, process 1100 of Fig. 11, process 1200 of Fig. 12, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 and/or one or more components shown in Fig. 13 may include one or more components of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 13 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2.
  • one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories.
  • a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.
  • the reception component 1302 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1308.
  • the reception component 1302 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1300.
  • the reception component 1302 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) , and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1300.
  • the reception component 1302 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receive processors, one or more controllers/processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2.
  • the transmission component 1304 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1308.
  • one or more other components of the apparatus 1300 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1304 for transmission to the apparatus 1308.
  • the transmission component 1304 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) , and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1308.
  • the transmission component 1304 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers/processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 may be co-located with the reception component 1302 in one or more transceivers.
  • the communication manager 1306 may support operations of the reception component 1302 and/or the transmission component 1304. For example, the communication manager 1306 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 1302 and/or transmission of communications by the transmission component 1304. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 1306 may generate and/or provide control information to the reception component 1302 and/or the transmission component 1304 to control reception and/or transmission of communications.
  • the reception component 1302 may receive a reference signal.
  • the communication manager 1306 may start L1 measurements based at least in part on a first L3 measurement.
  • the communication manager 1306 may stop the L1 measurements based at least in part on an absolute value of a second L3 measurement satisfying the first threshold.
  • the communication manager 1306 may stop the L1 measurements further based at least in part on the absolute value of the second L3 measurement satisfying a second threshold.
  • the communication manager 1306 may stop the L1 measurements based at least in part on the difference not satisfying the first threshold.
  • the communication manager 1306 may stop the L1 measurements based at least in part on an absolute value of a second L3 measurement satisfying the first threshold.
  • the communication manager 1306 may stop the L1 measurements further based at least in part on the absolute value of the second L3 measurement satisfying a second threshold.
  • the reception component 1302 may receive an SSB.
  • the communication manager 1306 may start SSB measurements based at least in part on expiration of a TA timer.
  • the communication manager 1306 may reset the TA timer.
  • the communication manager 1306 may stop the SSB measurements based at least in part on the resetting of the TA timer.
  • the reception component 1302 may receive an indication of the quantity of SSB occasions.
  • the communication manager 1306 may select a quantity of supported simultaneous CSI calculations for L1 measurements.
  • the transmission component 1304 may transmit an indication of the quantity.
  • the communication manager 1306 may select one or more resources of an LTM reference signal resource set for measurement of an SpCell using a PCI, an SSB ID, and frequency information.
  • the reception component 1302 may receive the one or more resources.
  • the transmission component 1304 may transmit one or more measurements of the one or more resources.
  • Fig. 13 The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 13 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 13. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 13 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 13 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 13 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 13.
  • Fig. 14 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1400 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus 1400 may be a network entity, or a network entity may include the apparatus 1400.
  • the apparatus 1400 includes a reception component 1402, a transmission component 1404, and/or a communication manager 1406, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and/or one or more other components) .
  • the communication manager 1406 is the communication manager 150 described in connection with Fig. 1.
  • the apparatus 1400 may communicate with another apparatus 1408, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station) , using the reception component 1402 and the transmission component 1404.
  • another apparatus 1408 such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station) , using the reception component 1402 and the transmission component 1404.
  • the apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 1-8. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as processes that mirror process 900 of Fig. 9, process 1000 of Fig. 10, process 1100 of Fig. 11, process 1200 of Fig. 12, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 and/or one or more components shown in Fig. 14 may include one or more components of the network entity described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 14 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2.
  • one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories.
  • a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.
  • the reception component 1402 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1408.
  • the reception component 1402 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1400.
  • the reception component 1402 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) , and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1400.
  • the reception component 1402 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receive processors, one or more controllers/processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the network entity described in connection with Fig. 2.
  • the transmission component 1404 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1408.
  • one or more other components of the apparatus 1400 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1404 for transmission to the apparatus 1408.
  • the transmission component 1404 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) , and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1408.
  • the transmission component 1404 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers/processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the network entity described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1404 may be co-located with the reception component 1402 in one or more transceivers.
  • the communication manager 1406 may support operations of the reception component 1402 and/or the transmission component 1404. For example, the communication manager 1406 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 1402 and/or transmission of communications by the transmission component 1404. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 1406 may generate and/or provide control information to the reception component 1402 and/or the transmission component 1404 to control reception and/or transmission of communications.
  • the transmission component 1404 may transmit an RS.
  • the reception component 1402 may receive L1 measurements that are based at least in part on a first L3 measurement.
  • the transmission component 1404 may transmit an SSB.
  • the reception component 1402 may receive SSB measurements or TA information that is are based at least in part on a first L3 measurement.
  • the reception component 1402 may receive an indication of a quantity of supported simultaneous CSI calculations for L1 measurements.
  • Fig. 14 The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 14 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 14. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 14 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 14 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 14 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 14.
  • a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) comprising: receiving a reference signal; and starting Layer 1 (L1) measurements based at least in part on a first Layer 3 (L3) measurement.
  • UE user equipment
  • Aspect 2 The method of Aspect 1, wherein the first L3 measurement includes an L3 measurement for a serving cell, and wherein starting the L1 measurements includes starting the L1 measurements based at least in part on an absolute value of the first L3 measurement not satisfying a first threshold.
  • Aspect 3 The method of Aspect 2, further comprising stopping the L1 measurements based at least in part on an absolute value of a second L3 measurement satisfying the first threshold.
  • Aspect 4 The method of Aspect 3, further comprising stopping the L1 measurements further based at least in part on the absolute value of the second L3 measurement satisfying a second threshold.
  • Aspect 5 The method of any of Aspects 1-4, wherein the first L3 measurement includes an L3 measurement for a serving cell, and wherein starting the L1 measurements includes starting the L1 measurements based at least in part on a difference between the first L3 measurement and a second L3 measurement satisfying a first threshold.
  • Aspect 6 The method of Aspect 5, further comprising stopping the L1 measurements based at least in part on the difference not satisfying the first threshold.
  • Aspect 7 The method of any of Aspects 1-6, wherein the first L3 measurement includes an L3 measurement for a candidate cell, and wherein starting the L1 measurements includes starting the L1 measurements based at least in part on an absolute value of the first L3 measurement not satisfying a first threshold.
  • Aspect 8 The method of Aspect 7, further comprising stopping the L1 measurements based at least in part on an absolute value of a second L3 measurement satisfying the first threshold.
  • Aspect 9 The method of Aspect 8, further comprising stopping the L1 measurements further based at least in part on the absolute value of the second L3 measurement satisfying a second threshold.
  • Aspect 10 The method of any of Aspects 1-9, wherein the L1 measurements are associated with Layer 1 and Layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) .
  • LTM Layer 2 triggered mobility
  • a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) comprising: receiving a synchronization signal block (SSB) ; and starting SSB measurements based at least in part on expiration of a timing advance (TA) timer.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • TA timing advance
  • Aspect 12 The method of Aspect 11, further comprising: resetting the TA timer; and stopping the SSB measurements based at least in part on the resetting of the TA timer.
  • Aspect 13 The method of any of Aspects 11-12, wherein starting the SSB measurements includes starting the SSB measurements a quantity of SSB occasions after the expiration of the TA timer.
  • Aspect 14 The method of Aspect 13, further comprising receiving an indication of the quantity of SSB occasions.
  • Aspect 15 The method of any of Aspects 11-14, wherein starting the SSB measurements includes starting the SSB measurements of serving cells and candidate cells.
  • Aspect 16 The method of any of Aspects 11-15, wherein the TA timer is a dedicated UE-based timer.
  • a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) comprising: selecting a quantity of supported simultaneous channel state information (CSI) calculations for Layer 1 (L1) measurements; and transmitting an indication of the quantity.
  • CSI channel state information
  • Aspect 18 The method of Aspect 17, wherein the L1 measurements are associated with inter-cell mobility.
  • Aspect 19 The method of any of Aspects 17-18, wherein the quantity is specific to a component carrier.
  • Aspect 20 The method of any of Aspects 17-18, wherein the quantity is a total across multiple component carriers.
  • Aspect 21 The method of any of Aspects 17-20, wherein the quantity includes Layer 1 and Layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) CSI calculations and non-LTM CSI calculations.
  • LTM Layer 1 and Layer 2 triggered mobility
  • Aspect 22 The method of any of Aspects 17-21, wherein the quantity includes Layer 1 and Layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) CSI calculations and does not include non-LTM CSI calculations.
  • LTM Layer 1 and Layer 2 triggered mobility
  • a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) comprising: selecting one or more resources of a Layer 1 and Layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) reference signal resource set for measurement of a special cell (SpCell) using a physical cell identifier (PCI) , a synchronization signal block (SSB) identifier (ID) , and frequency information; receiving the one or more resources; and transmitting one or more measurements of the one or more resources.
  • LTM Layer 1 and Layer 2 triggered mobility
  • Aspect 24 The method of Aspect 23, wherein the PCI, the SSB ID, and the frequency information are associated with the SpCell.
  • Aspect 25 The method of any of Aspects 23-24, wherein the UE is configured with an SpCell inclusion parameter, and wherein the PCI, the SSB ID, and the frequency information are associated with a candidate cell and correspond to a PCI, an SSB ID, and frequency information of the SpCell.
  • Aspect 26 The method of Aspect 25, wherein the frequency information includes an SSB frequency.
  • Aspect 27 The method of Aspect 25, wherein the frequency information includes an absolute radio-frequency channel number.
  • Aspect 28 The method of Aspect 25, wherein the frequency information includes a global synchronization channel number.
  • Aspect 29 An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more processors; one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-28.
  • Aspect 30 An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-28.
  • Aspect 31 An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-28.
  • Aspect 32 A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-28.
  • Aspect 33 A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-28.
  • a device for wireless communication comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-28.
  • Aspect 35 An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-28.
  • the term “component” is intended to be broadly construed as hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software.
  • “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, and/or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
  • a “processor” is implemented in hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that systems and/or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software.
  • the hardware and data processing apparatus used to implement the various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose single-or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • a processor also may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
  • particular processes and methods may be performed by circuitry that is specific to a given function.
  • satisfying a threshold may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, or the like.
  • the terms “has, ” “have, ” “having, ” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit an element that they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B) .
  • the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise.
  • the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and/or, ” unless explicitly stated otherwise (e.g., if used in combination with “either” or “only one of” ) .

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

Divers aspects de la présente divulgation concernent en général le domaine des communications sans fil. Selon certains aspects, un équipement utilisateur (UE) peut recevoir un signal de référence. L'UE peut démarrer des mesures de couche 1 (L1) sur la base, au moins en partie, d'une première mesure de couche 3 (L3). De nombreux autres aspects sont décrits.
PCT/CN2023/128214 2023-10-31 2023-10-31 Mesures de mobilités déclenchées par une couche 1 et une couche 2 Pending WO2025091204A1 (fr)

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US20190274169A1 (en) * 2018-03-05 2019-09-05 Asustek Computer Inc. Method and apparatus of handling beam failure recovery in a wireless communication system
CN111901837A (zh) * 2020-02-14 2020-11-06 中兴通讯股份有限公司 控制信令的传输方法和通信节点
CN114586296A (zh) * 2019-10-23 2022-06-03 高通股份有限公司 用于层1信号与干扰加噪声比报告的信道状态信息处理单元占用确定的技术
WO2022206801A1 (fr) * 2021-04-02 2022-10-06 索尼集团公司 Dispositif électronique, procédé de communication, et support de stockage

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190274169A1 (en) * 2018-03-05 2019-09-05 Asustek Computer Inc. Method and apparatus of handling beam failure recovery in a wireless communication system
CN114586296A (zh) * 2019-10-23 2022-06-03 高通股份有限公司 用于层1信号与干扰加噪声比报告的信道状态信息处理单元占用确定的技术
CN111901837A (zh) * 2020-02-14 2020-11-06 中兴通讯股份有限公司 控制信令的传输方法和通信节点
WO2022206801A1 (fr) * 2021-04-02 2022-10-06 索尼集团公司 Dispositif électronique, procédé de communication, et support de stockage

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