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WO2025080515A1 - Appareil de broyage à température régulée - Google Patents

Appareil de broyage à température régulée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025080515A1
WO2025080515A1 PCT/US2024/050167 US2024050167W WO2025080515A1 WO 2025080515 A1 WO2025080515 A1 WO 2025080515A1 US 2024050167 W US2024050167 W US 2024050167W WO 2025080515 A1 WO2025080515 A1 WO 2025080515A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
housing
channel
temperature
fluent substance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/US2024/050167
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael NICOLAS
Jay Fournier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gtf LLC
Original Assignee
Gtf LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gtf LLC filed Critical Gtf LLC
Publication of WO2025080515A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025080515A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/08—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and acting as a fan
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/10—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and axial flow
    • B02C13/12—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and axial flow with vortex chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to an apparatus for milling or grinding matter into particles and powders and methods of using the apparatus.
  • the claimed invention is an improved pressure mill apparatus for pulverizing wet or dry material into relatively smaller components, wherein the improved pressure mill better regulates its internal temperature than pressure mills that exist in the prior art.
  • the apparatus defines a hollow housing having walls defining an enclosed chamber.
  • the walls of the housing contain at least one channel, wherein the at least one channel both enters and exits the walls of the housing through the exterior of the housing.
  • the chamber has at least one inlet through which material may enter the chamber and at least one outlet through which material may exit the chamber.
  • the interior of the chamber is circumferentially arrayed with at least one lobe that extends inwards from the walls of the chamber towards a center of the chamber.
  • the apparatus includes a rotatable shaft crossing from one side of the chamber to the other side and at least one rotor assembly coupled to the rotor shaft.
  • the at least one rotor assembly includes at least one plate, wherein the at least one plate has a series of affixed vanes which extend across the plate and terminate in a vane tip.
  • the apparatus further includes a motor operatively connected to the rotatable shaft and configured to spin the at least one rotor assembly relative to the at least one lobe of the chamber.
  • the apparatus further includes a means of measuring the temperature of the chamber.
  • the at least one channel is filled with a fluent substance, the fluent substance being selected from at least one of water, glycol, halocarbons, freon, or coolant.
  • Flow of fluent substance absorbs heat from the mill interior and carries heat away from the mill, thereby cooling the pressure mill apparatus and allowing the apparatus to function for a prolonged time relative to pressure mills of the prior art. More preferably, the fluent substance is cooled to a temperature between about 0° F and about 450° F to minimize or prevent damage to the internal components of the apparatus.
  • the at least one channel is lined with a thermally conductive material to improve thermal dissipation from the housing.
  • a method of controlling the temperature within a pressure mill apparatus has the step of obtaining the above-discussed pressure mill apparatus of the present invention.
  • the method includes a step of obtaining a fluent substance.
  • the method further includes a step of obtaining a means of moving the fluent substance through the at least one channel.
  • the method includes the further step of operating the means of moving the fluent substance to move the fluent substance through the at least one channel to control the temperature of the pressure mill apparatus.
  • the method of controlling the temperature within a pressure mill apparatus further includes the step of obtaining a means of cooling the fluent substance and the step of cooling the fluent substance to a temperature between about 0° F and about 450° F.
  • the method includes the further step of operating the means of moving the fluent substance to move the fluent substance through the at least one channel inside the chamber.
  • the apparatus includes a refrigeration system operatively connected to the housing walls, wherein said refrigeration system is configured to absorb heat from the housing and emits the heat to an exterior of the housing.
  • the apparatus further includes a motor operatively connected to the rotatable shaft and configured to spin the at least one rotor assembly relative to the at least one lobe of the chamber.
  • the apparatus includes at least one heat sink, cooling fin, or radiator, or is attached to at least one heat sink, cooling fin, or radiator.
  • the invention may include any or all of the above-described features, include only one of the above-described features, more than one of the above-described features, and any combination of the above-described features. Furthermore, other objects, features, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from a review of the entire specification including the appended claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is an isometric view, taken from above, of a first embodiment of a milling apparatus according to the present invention shown in a closed position or configuration;
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the milling apparatus of FIG.1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a front elevation view of the milling apparatus of FIG.1 ;
  • FIG. 5 is an isometric view, taken from above, of the milling apparatus of
  • FIG. 1 moved into a partly or half-opened position or configuration
  • FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the milling apparatus of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is an isometric view, taken from above, of the milling apparatus of
  • FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the milling apparatus of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a left side elevation view of the milling apparatus of FIG.8;
  • FIG. 11 is another isometric view, taken from above, of the milling apparatus of FIG. 8, and FIG. 11 shows the channels within the separated portions of the housing walls;
  • FIG. 12 is another left side elevation view of the milling apparatus of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 13 is an enlarged, fragmentary isometric view, taken from above, of the milling apparatus of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 16 is an enlarged, rear elevation view of one housing end component of the milling apparatus of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 17 is an enlarged, fragmentary, isometric view, taken from below, of one housing end component of the milling apparatus of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 18 is an enlarged, fragmentary, front elevation view of one housing end component of the milling apparatus of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 19 is an enlarged, isometric view, taken from the front and from above, of one housing middle component of the milling apparatus of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 20 is another enlarged, isometric view, taken from the front and from above, of one housing middle component of the milling apparatus of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 21 is an enlarged, isometric view, taken from above, of a cover for a channel in the housing wall of the milling apparatus of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 22 is a photographic view, taken from above, of a fluent substance piping connected to the channel entrances and exits of the milling apparatus of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 23 is a photographic view, taken from below, of a fluent substance piping connected to the channel entrances and exits of the milling apparatus of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 24 is an isometric view, taken from above, of a second embodiment of a milling apparatus according to the present invention shown with an end piece of the housing removed to expose the internal components, and FIG. 24 shows a pair of channels extending through the length of the housing for receiving a fluent substance;
  • FIG. 25 is a diagram flowchart of a method of operating the claimed milling apparatus
  • the pressure mill 40 is an apparatus that uses air pressure to pulverize material into smaller pieces by moving the material between high- and low-pressure areas inside a chamber.
  • the mill 40 includes the following six basic or central components: a housing 44 comprised of separable parts or portions which collectively define an internal cavity or enclosed chamber 46 when assembled in the closed configuration, an inlet 48 at the inlet side of the housing 44 of the mill, an outlet 50 at the outlet side of the housing 44 of the mill, at least one lobe 54 (visible in FIG.
  • the housing 44 preferably is comprised of pieces or parts that are stacked or assembled to enclose the mill. The space between parts or components of the housing 44 has seals 82 which are used to help keep the pressure mill chamber wall airtight or watertight.
  • the pressure mill functions when the rotor plate 60 is spun at about 2,500 to about 15,000 RPM, which creates a relatively high-pressure zone in front of the rotor plate 60 near the inlet 48 and a relatively low-pressure zone behind the rotor plate 60 near the outlet 50.
  • the motor 80 which turns the rotor plate 60 can vary the rotational speed of the plate to match the desired RPM of the operator of the mill.
  • the rotor vanes 64 of the rotor plate 60 should extend from the center of the plate radially towards the edge of the plate.
  • the vanes 64 may extend in a straight line or in a spiraling design, the choice of which affects efficiency depending on the material being pulverized.
  • the vanes 64 should terminate at the radial edge or end of the plate, though in other embodiments of this invention the vanes terminate near the end of the plate or hang off the end of the edge of the plate.
  • the vanes 64 move the material around the perimeter of the chamber defined by the housing 44, the material regularly encounters lobes 54 extending from or embedded in the inner surface of the periphery of the chamber. These lobes 54 protrude internally from the walls of the housing 44 such that the top point of each lobe 54 is at a height adjacent (but not touching) to the circumference of the tips of the rotating vanes 64 of the rotor plate 60, whichever is further from the center of the chamber. Conversely, the base of the lobes 54 (which is the surface of the chamber wall itself) should be at a relatively large distance from the edge of the vane tips 64.
  • the lobes 54 should be sufficiently high so that the top point of each lobe 54 is greater or equal to one one-thousandth of an inch from the tip of the rotating vanes 64 or circumference of the rotating plate 60, but not so low that the top point of the lobe 54 is greater than one inch from the circumference of the rotating vanes 64 or rotating plate 60. Should the lobes 54 fall outside these height limitations, the mill 40 will not pulverize material efficiently.
  • the lobes 54 of the mill 40 should have a height between one quarter of an inch and fifteen inches from the base of the lobe (the interior surface of the wall of the housing that defines the chamber) to the topmost point of the lobe 54.
  • This lobe height should be selected such that the top of each lobe 54 is within a distance of greater or equal to one one-thousandth of an inch to one inch from the tips of the circumference of the rotating vanes 64 or circumference defined by the rotating plate 60.
  • the lobes 54 serve a twofold purpose. First, the narrow distance between the lobe 54 and the vane tips creates a shockwave whenever a vane 64 passes the lobe 54. As material circles the walls of the chamber and enters this space between the lobes 54 and rotor assembly 74, the resulting shockwaves pulverize the material into relatively smaller pieces.
  • the angled shape of the lobe 54 redirects the material being pulverized back towards the center of the mill 40. This redirection forces the material back into the vanes 64, which redistributes the material back onto the surface of the chamber walls to be pulverized again by more shockwaves at the lobes 54.
  • the apparatus or mill 40 includes a first set of tracks or rails 100 (referred to hereto in as “rails”) that lay parallel to each other upon a surface like a floor or a platform 104. Henceforth the directions parallel to this first set of tracks are referred to as the “y-axis” of the claimed invention.
  • the preferred embodiment of the claimed invention positions the first set of rails 100 parallel to each other, a person skilled in the art will recognize that alternative non-parallel rail configurations will achieve a similar result and are included in the claimed invention.
  • first set of rails 100 Upon the first set of rails 100 is a set or pair of frames 108 which are movably affixed such that the frames may slide or roll throughout the entire length of the y-axis of the first set of rails 100. Between each set of frames 108 there spans a second set of rails 112 positioned horizontally to the ground and transverse or perpendicular in direction to the first set of rails 100. Henceforth directions parallel to this second set of rails 112 is referred to as the “x-axis” of the claimed invention.
  • the shaft 70 of the rotor assembly 74 and the motor 80 are generally parallel to the x-axis.
  • the housing 44 parts or components are movably affixed on the second set of rails 112, such that the parts of the mill housing 44 can move separately and freely along the second set of rails 112 in the x-axis directions.
  • the preferred embodiment of the claimed invention positions both sets of rails 100 and 112 perpendicular to each other, a person skilled in the art will recognize that alternative non-perpendicular rail configurations will achieve the similar results and are included in the scope of the claimed invention.
  • the rotating shaft 70, rotor plates 60, and motor 80 are affixed to the floor or platform 104 between the first set of y-axis rails 100. Unlike pressure mills in the prior art, the central assembly is not connected to the housing 44 of the mill 40. Instead, the housing 44 of the mill 40 is suspended from the frames 108 and the set of second x-axis rails 112 to surround and encapsulate the central assembly of the mill 40 in the closed configuration or position as illustrated in FIGS 1 -4.
  • the housing 44 of the first illustrated embodiment of the mill 40 is composed of several individual parts or components that are held together around the central assembly by bolts, alignment pins, and housing alignment chamfers or other securement means. If additional alignment is desired, a pneumatic alignment pin may be used to help automate the alignment and securement process. Reusable seals may be used between housing parts to ensure the chamber does not leak.
  • the claimed invention is in the “closed” position or configuration and can be operated to pulverize and grind raw materials.
  • the housing parts can separate from each other by sliding on the aforementioned sets of rails 100 and 112.
  • At least one wall or multiple walls of the housing 44 of the pressure mill 40 contains or contain at least one channel 130 which runs through, or extends within, the wall of the housing 44. While only one channel 130 is needed to improve the temperature regulation of the mill 40, optimally, the pressure mill 40 will have several channels 130 interspersed around the circumference of the pressure mill 40. Each channel 130 possesses an entrance 134 leading into the channel 130 and an exit 138 that exits the channel 130 to the exterior of the housing 44.
  • channel is defined as: any hollow space in the housing wall, channel, hollow space pipe, conduit, tube, duct, line, hose, canal, or other device or geometric shape that allows the flow of a fluent substance throughout the walls of the housing 44.
  • Each channel 130 may exist in any shape or configuration sufficient for transport of a fluent substance to dissipate heat from the mill 40, but a channel 130 that maximizes its surface area relative to the pressure mill chamber interior is optimal. Therefore, in one preferred embodiment of the claimed invention, the channel 130 starts with an entrance 134 on the outside of the housing 44, then protrudes or extends through or within the wall of the housing 44 until it reaches an exit 138. The relative orientations of these channel entrances 134 and channel exits 138 may then be optionally placed at any point on the pressure mill 40, thereby allowing the channel entrances 134 and channel exits to issue out from anywhere on the exterior of the mill housing 44.
  • a fluent substance (also known as a “coolant”), is flowed into the entrance 134 of the channel 130 and then is pushed or pulled out of the exit 138 of the channel 130.
  • this fluent substance is selected from one of water, glycol, halocarbons, freon, or any combination thereof.
  • the claimed invention encompasses any fluent substance or coolant capable of flowing through the channel 130 and absorbing heat produced by the mill 40.
  • the flow of the fluent substance is created by a means of moving or providing flow rate of the fluent substance through the channel 130.
  • the means of moving or flowing the fluent substance include, but are not limited to a pump, compressor, impeller, or temperature-control unit and associated piping or tubing.
  • U.S. Patent Nos. US 7,508,672 B2; US 10,344,375 B2; US 10,747,276 B2; US 11 ,287,862 B2; and US 11 ,737,247 B2 disclose various means for moving fluent substances for heat dissipation and are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
  • the fluent substance absorbs excess heat produced by the operation of the pressure mill 40. Then, as the fluent substance leaves the mill via the exit 138 of the channel 130, the fluid is moved through a heat sink, heat radiator, evaporator, cooler, or other such device which reduces (or emits) the temperature of the fluent substance.
  • the fluent substance may optionally be fed back into the mill 40 to absorb further heat and continue the heat abatement process. If necessary, the fluent substance may be discarded after one heat absorption cycle and new fluent substance circulated to further absorb and regulate the heat generated by the operation of the mill 40.
  • the fluent substance may be cooled or heated prior to recirculation to further optimize the capabilities of the fluent substance.
  • a pre-circulation fluent substance temperature between the range of about 0 degrees Fahrenheit to about 450 degrees Fahrenheit has been found to be the best optimization of the heat regulation system of the present invention.
  • fluent substance heating means include, but are not limited to: heaters, heating coils, hot water baths, steam heating, radiative heaters, inductive heaters, boilers, infrared heaters, natural gas heaters, electric heaters, immersion heaters, temperature control units, heat pumps, ring heaters, air heaters, circulation heaters, duct heaters, rope heaters, band heaters, drum heaters, tote heaters, space heaters, natural gas heaters, propane heaters, and device that heat via flame or plasma.
  • the preferred embodiment of the claimed invention includes a means of measuring the temperature of the internal chamber 46 of the housing 44.
  • a temperature sensor or thermometer is inserted into the apparatus or affixed to the housing walls to measure the temperature of the internal chamber 46 of the housing 44.
  • the means of measuring the temperature of the internal chamber 46 of the housing 44 may be achieved by using a temperature sensor or thermometer to measure the temperature of the fluent substance as it leaves the mill 40 and circulates through the means of moving the fluent substance.
  • non-contacting, optical sensing means of measuring temperature of the housing 44 may be used.
  • the means of measuring the temperature of the mill 40 provides information to the operator to determine the flow rate and pre-circulation temperature of the fluent substance needed to adequately regulate the internal temperature within the chamber 46 of the housing 44.
  • the means of measuring temperature may be connected to a temperature-control unit or other device which then automatically regulates the flow of fluent substance to achieve the desired mill temperature previously selected by the apparatus operator.
  • This cycle of heat absorption and emission continually removes heat from the interior of the mill 40, and therefore counteracts the continuous production of heat generated by the pulverization process of the rotor assembly 74 spinning adjacent the lobes 54. If a sufficient quantity of channels 130 or flow rate of fluent substance is used, the excess heat produced by the pulverization process can be precisely controlled by the operator of the mill 40, thereby preventing the mill 40 from overheating and damaging itself. As a result, the mill 40 can run for prolonged periods of time relative to prior art pressure mills. The prolonged run time directly makes the mill 40 more efficient than prior art pressure mills, as the mill 40 can process substances without stopping, while prior art pressure mills need to routinely cease operation to undergo a lengthy passive heatradiation cool-down process.
  • the mill 40 can act as a dramatically more effective “kill step” during materials processing.
  • pressure mills of the prior art do have some anti-bacterial effect on the substance being milled, this anti-bacterial effect largely arose from the heat produced by the milling process. While the pulverization-induced heat was beneficial at sterilization temperatures, prior art pressure mills often produced too much excess heat during prolonged pulverization. This increased the internal temperature of the prior art mill past the temperature needed for sterilization, therefore risking heat damage to the pressure internal components of the mill. As a result, operators of prior art pressure mills often struggled to balance production of sterile pulverized material with damage to the pressure components of the mill.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de broyage qui utilise des zones de pression d'air pour pulvériser un matériau en composants plus petits et qui régule simultanément sa température interne. Les zones de pression sont créées par l'action d'ensembles rotor, comprenant des plaques rotatives fixées à des aubes, à l'intérieur d'une chambre à lobes. Lorsque le matériau est introduit dans la chambre, la rotation des aubes pousse le matériau des zones à haute pression vers des zones à basse pression, amenant le matériau à se pulvériser en composants plus petits avant de sortir de la chambre. La température de l'appareil est réduite par rapport aux canaux de broyeurs à pression de l'état de la technique et/ou aux systèmes de réfrigération intégrés dans les parois de la chambre. Ces canaux transportent des fluides de refroidissement dans le broyeur pour absorber la chaleur et hors du broyeur où les fluides de refroidissement émettent de la chaleur, refroidissant ainsi l'appareil. Cette régulation de température permet à l'appareil de pulvériser un matériau broyé pendant des périodes plus longues, de pulvériser une gamme plus large de matières premières et de stériliser plus efficacement le matériau pulvérisé.
PCT/US2024/050167 2023-10-10 2024-10-07 Appareil de broyage à température régulée Pending WO2025080515A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202363543345P 2023-10-10 2023-10-10
US63/543,345 2023-10-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025080515A1 true WO2025080515A1 (fr) 2025-04-17

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PCT/US2024/050167 Pending WO2025080515A1 (fr) 2023-10-10 2024-10-07 Appareil de broyage à température régulée

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WO (1) WO2025080515A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3082962A (en) * 1959-01-28 1963-03-26 Parten Machinery Company Pulverizing apparatus with oversize recirculation
US5294061A (en) * 1989-01-12 1994-03-15 Scs Environmental B.V. Method of reducing the oil content of cuttings and apparatus for the application of said method
US20030036008A1 (en) * 2001-04-10 2003-02-20 Katsuhisa Yamazaki Dry toner, toner production process, image forming method and process cartridge
WO2008107734A1 (fr) * 2007-03-06 2008-09-12 Electrovac Ag Matériau de revêtement ou laque à transmission de chaleur améliorée, et surface transmettant la chaleur pourvue d'un revêtement fabriqué en utilisant le matériau de revêtement
US20080245914A1 (en) * 2004-03-23 2008-10-09 Fumao Yang High Turbulence Mill and Bi-Negative Pressure Turbine Thereof
US20130105607A1 (en) * 2010-05-06 2013-05-02 Hosokawa Micron Corporation Pulverizing apparatus
US20140183290A1 (en) * 2013-01-01 2014-07-03 Hanping Xiao Super Pulverizer
US20230123703A1 (en) * 2021-10-15 2023-04-20 Matsys Inc. Apparatus and method for bulk structural modification of metallic materials at reduced temperatures

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3082962A (en) * 1959-01-28 1963-03-26 Parten Machinery Company Pulverizing apparatus with oversize recirculation
US5294061A (en) * 1989-01-12 1994-03-15 Scs Environmental B.V. Method of reducing the oil content of cuttings and apparatus for the application of said method
US20030036008A1 (en) * 2001-04-10 2003-02-20 Katsuhisa Yamazaki Dry toner, toner production process, image forming method and process cartridge
US20080245914A1 (en) * 2004-03-23 2008-10-09 Fumao Yang High Turbulence Mill and Bi-Negative Pressure Turbine Thereof
WO2008107734A1 (fr) * 2007-03-06 2008-09-12 Electrovac Ag Matériau de revêtement ou laque à transmission de chaleur améliorée, et surface transmettant la chaleur pourvue d'un revêtement fabriqué en utilisant le matériau de revêtement
US20130105607A1 (en) * 2010-05-06 2013-05-02 Hosokawa Micron Corporation Pulverizing apparatus
US20140183290A1 (en) * 2013-01-01 2014-07-03 Hanping Xiao Super Pulverizer
US20230123703A1 (en) * 2021-10-15 2023-04-20 Matsys Inc. Apparatus and method for bulk structural modification of metallic materials at reduced temperatures

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
WILLIAMS BRUCE: "The Six Basic Types of Liquid Cooling Systems", HTTPS://WWW.AIRBESTPRACTICES.COM, 26 June 2013 (2013-06-26), pages 1 - 4, XP093304882, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.airbestpractices.com/technology/cooling-systems/six-basic-types-liquid-cooling-systems> *

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