[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2025078451A1 - Utilisation d'une mousse de fibre pour la culture de plantes, mousse de fibre fractionnée et semis sur la base d'une mousse de fibre - Google Patents

Utilisation d'une mousse de fibre pour la culture de plantes, mousse de fibre fractionnée et semis sur la base d'une mousse de fibre Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2025078451A1
WO2025078451A1 PCT/EP2024/078424 EP2024078424W WO2025078451A1 WO 2025078451 A1 WO2025078451 A1 WO 2025078451A1 EP 2024078424 W EP2024078424 W EP 2024078424W WO 2025078451 A1 WO2025078451 A1 WO 2025078451A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber foam
fiber
foam
plant cultivation
lignocellulose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/EP2024/078424
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heiner Butterweck
Jens Grove
Ludger Pott
Sören Affeld
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Butterweck Holzstoffe & Co Kg GmbH
Stender GmbH
Original Assignee
Butterweck Holzstoffe & Co Kg GmbH
Stender GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102023128129.1A external-priority patent/DE102023128129B4/de
Application filed by Butterweck Holzstoffe & Co Kg GmbH, Stender GmbH filed Critical Butterweck Holzstoffe & Co Kg GmbH
Publication of WO2025078451A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025078451A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/48—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure containing foam or presenting a foam structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/27—Pulp, e.g. bagasse

Definitions

  • Floral foam is a foam made of synthetic resin or phenol-formaldehyde resin.
  • the foam retains water and can thus supply the inserted plants or flowers with water for a limited period of time.
  • Floral foam is only suitable for temporary use, such as for displaying plants in a store or for transport. It is not suitable for plant cultivation.
  • the well-known floral foam is made of synthetic resin, or phenol-formaldehyde resin, and represents a significant source of microplastics that are difficult to degrade.
  • the invention is based on the surprising discovery that fiber foams, which are produced without the use of synthetic binders and are usually used as thermal and sound insulation, for furniture production, as packaging material or filter material, are suitable for plant cultivation or horticulture.
  • a fiber foam is used for plant cultivation, wherein the fiber foam is based on lignocellulose-containing substances and is porous.
  • Lignocellulosic materials are materials or fibers that contain lignin.
  • examples include all types of wood, such as hardwood or softwood, including bark or root material, sawmill by-products, thinning wood, waste wood, and various annual plants, as well as modified lignocellulosic raw materials.
  • Particularly preferred within the scope of the invention are softwood or softwood fibers, for example, spruce, yew, fir, pine, or larch.
  • the manufacturing process for producing the porous fiber foam provides that pre-shredded, lignocellulose-containing fiber materials, as mentioned above, are processed into the fiber suspension, in particular disintegrated in a grinding process, at temperatures between 120°C and 180°C and preferably at a pressure of 2 bar to 12 bar, preferably from 2 bar to 10 bar, and more preferably from 2 to 8 bar, preferably together with water.
  • This fiber suspension is then filled into a mold or applied to a carrier and dried without the addition of a synthetic binder.
  • the mentioned pressure is preferably in the higher ranges, preferably between greater than 8 bar and 12 bar, in particular between 9 bar and 11 bar.
  • the lignin contained in the materials or fibers used liquefies and sets during the subsequent drying.
  • the fiber suspension is aqueous
  • the manufacturing process provides that a highly viscous suspension with a solids-to-water ratio of 1:2 to 1:20, preferably 1:5 to 1:10, is produced from the aqueous fiber suspension before introduction into the mold or application to the carrier.
  • Dewatering can be achieved by decanting or other mechanical dewatering methods to reduce the thermal energy required for drying.
  • the highly viscous suspension can be pre-dewatered using vacuum or mechanical pressure prior to thermal drying to reduce the thermal energy required.
  • Thermal drying can be achieved by convective and/or conductive heat flow and/or by thermal radiation and/or by electromagnetic radiation, with drying preferably being carried out in a dryer at temperatures initially between 110°C and 140°C. Drying is preferably carried out by electromagnetic radiation, such as microwave radiation. However, drying is not limited to this. Other heat sources, such as residual heat or waste heat from other processes, can also be used.
  • the suspension introduced into the mold or applied to the substrate is preferably dried at high temperatures for between 0.5 and 2 hours to activate the autoadhesive bonds.
  • the drying process only needs to be carried out until the autoadhesive bond is activated, allowing residual moisture to remain.
  • the drying temperature can subsequently be lowered to below 80°C, preferably to 70°C, to remove the residual moisture. Removing the residual moisture is preferred, for example, if the fiber foam is to have a minimal weight for long-distance transport.
  • Essential for fiber foam is the use of a foam-like (highly viscous) suspension of lignocellulose-containing fibers. These are necessary for a certain gas retention capacity and for the good cohesion of the finished fiber foam; a synthetic binder, however, is not required.
  • Natural binding agents contained in the fiber foam can be added additionally during the manufacturing process.
  • the obtained fiber foam which is based on the lignocellulose-containing fibers, is very well suited for horticultural applications and in particular for plant cultivation and is used for this purpose according to the invention.
  • the porosity of the fiber foam is obtained, for example, by stirring the fiber suspension or the highly viscous suspension during the manufacturing process or by adding a blowing agent to the highly viscous suspension.
  • the fiber foam used according to the invention is open-pored.
  • the propellants are in particular gas formers (CO2 releasers), N20, propane, n-butane or pentane or completely decomposing propellants, in particular hydrogen peroxide, and can be added to the highly viscous suspension before it is introduced into the mold or applied to the carrier. Additionally or alternatively, gases for foam formation can be introduced into the highly viscous suspension before it is introduced into the mold or applied to the carrier by mechanical, pneumatic and/or thermal processes.
  • CO2 releasers gas formers
  • N20 propane, n-butane or pentane or completely decomposing propellants, in particular hydrogen peroxide
  • the process provides for the addition of process additives, fiber foam improving additives or additives for adjusting desired fiber foam properties after or during the production of the highly viscous suspension.
  • blowing agents can be used either alone or as mixtures of a plurality thereof in proportions of 0.25% to 20% by mass based on the dry mass.
  • the porosity of the fiber foam is preferably selected to make it suitable for plant cultivation.
  • a low density or high porosity of the fiber foam is selected to ensure that it is lightweight, can retain water, and provides sufficient support for roots.
  • Fiber foams with densities between 50 kg/m 3 , 60 kg/m 3 , 70 kg/m 3 or 80 kg/m 3 and 160 kg/m 3 are particularly suitable for plant cultivation.
  • Low densities of, for example, less than 100 kg/m 3 are particularly preferred in this range, in particular between 50 kg/m 3 , 55 kg/m 3 , 60 kg/m 3 or 65 kg/m 3 and 75 kg/m 3 .
  • Higher densities are not excluded, however.
  • fiber foam for plant cultivation is that the manufacturing process without synthetic binders allows the production of a pressure-resistant, porous fiber foam, the mechanical properties of which for plant cultivation can be adjusted to a large extent by the fiber materials used, the fiber length, the degree of foaming of the fiber suspension and the type of drying.
  • the temperature can be increased gradually, i.e., at intervals, during the disintegrating milling process.
  • the temperature increase can occur in uniform steps.
  • the manufacturing process provides for up to 70% of the total disintegration to occur at the target temperature, so that disintegration is carried out at the intended maximum temperature to release the binding substances contained in the lignocellulosic materials.
  • the pre-shredding of the fiber materials used in the manufacturing process is preferably carried out in a thermomechanical process, for example to produce wood pulp or pressure grinding.
  • the compressive strength can be increased by the type of wood pulp and/or the addition of natural binders such as starch, lignin sulfonate, proteins, for example in a proportion of 2 to 20%.
  • the density and strength of the fiber foam can be adjusted by the fiber lengths used, especially the mixture of groups of different fiber lengths, and the wood fibers used. Fiber alignment is not necessary for this; rather, the fibers are randomly arranged in the fiber foam.
  • the fibers can preferably be further shredded in a high-viscosity refining process or a thermomechanical process (TMP), preferably in an atmospheric refiner without overpressure, to a desired fiber length between 200 ⁇ m and 800 ⁇ m.
  • TMP thermomechanical process
  • the achieved fiber length is adjusted by using different grinding disc geometries, by adjusting the grinding plate spacing, and by setting the number of refining cycles, which can be between 1 and 10.
  • the fibers are preferably crushed or torn.
  • different suspensions are preferably mixed or a fiber suspension is produced with batches of fibers of different fiber lengths.
  • the fiber foam can be used in various forms for plant cultivation.
  • the fiber foam can be in a sheet form, a block form, a granulate form, or a fractionated/ground substrate form. It is also conceivable, as mentioned below, that the fiber foam has the exact shape of a plant pot.
  • the fiber foam in panel form is preferably used for "green" exterior siding of buildings or for walls along roads, such as highways. A wide variety of plants can be cultivated or planted on the panel-shaped fiber foam.
  • the fiber foam in According to the invention, the plate shape can already be provided with seeds or shoots.
  • the fiber foam can be used in granular form for plant cultivation.
  • the granules formed from the fiber foam can have particle sizes ranging from 0.1 mm3 to 1 cm3 .
  • the particles of the granulate can, for example, be cube-shaped or spherical.
  • the fiber foam in granulate form is used, for example, as potting soil, pressed potting soil (with coarse granulate form), as tray substrates (fine fraction or granulate form), as culture substrates (professional sector), as potting substrates (fine to coarse granulate form) or container substrates (coarse granulate form).
  • a screen belt, a nonwoven belt, or a conveyor belt can be used as a carrier to enable continuous production.
  • the belts can be limited at the sides and permeable to water to enable mechanical pre-dewatering.
  • a three-dimensional, one-piece or multi-piece mold with closed or perforated walls can be used as the mold.
  • the mold is preferably provided with a non-stick coating, for example, made of PTFE, or is made of a non-stick material to facilitate demolding.
  • the mold or carrier is selected so that the desired plate shape of the fiber foam is obtained after drying.
  • the fiber foam for example in a sheet form, can be subsequently cut or sawn to provide it in the desired dimensions or lengths.
  • the carrier or mold is shaped, for example, so that the carrier has a multitude of recesses or the mold has a multitude of cavities.
  • the fiber suspension or highly viscous suspension filled into the recesses or cavities dries in the recesses/cavities to form the individual particles of the granulate.
  • the resulting fiber foam can also be cut into the granulate shape.
  • the fiber foam can be in fractionated or ground form.
  • This form is obtained by fractionating or grinding sheets obtained through the manufacturing process described above.
  • the sheet shape is preferably adapted to the fractionation or grinding equipment used.
  • the resulting particles can be of the same order of volume as the particles of the granulate.
  • the fractionation or grinding step is carried out using a comminution system, where the degree of fractionation/grinding can be adjusted to suit the desired size.
  • the fractionated/ground fiber foam is used, for example, as potting soil, pressed potting soil (granulate form, very fine fraction or with very fine fractionated/ground form), as tray substrates (fine fraction or with fine fractionated/ground form), as growing substrates (professional sector), as potting substrates (fine to coarse fractionated/ground form), nursery substrates (very coarse fractionated/ground form) or container substrates (coarse granulate form).
  • the fiber foam can have a block shape with a size suitable for, for example, a (flower) pot.
  • the corresponding block is obtained by cutting the sheet obtained in the manufacturing process.
  • the fractionated/ground or block-form fiber foam can be used in grow bags, pots or plant boxes.
  • the fiber foam according to the invention is particularly preferably used in hydroponic systems.
  • the fiber foam contains additives and/or has been treated with the additives, wherein the additives comprise colorants, fertilizers, plant strengtheners, surfactants and/or wetting agents.
  • the fiber foam can be treated with the additives, for example by impregnation.
  • the suitability of the organic fiber foam for plant cultivation can be increased by additives, since both the pH value and the available nutrients can be adjusted depending on the application for plant cultivation.
  • Dyes can be used as colorants to give the fiber foam a humus or peat look, for example.
  • the additives are preferably organic in order to preserve the ecological aspect of the fiber foam.
  • the fiber foam is used according to the invention for plant cultivation, either by being used alone or by being mixed with another substrate/substrate substitute.
  • the fiber foam is preferably a fractionated fiber foam and is used as a replacement for synthetic resin foam or expanded clay.
  • a further aspect of the invention is a fractionated or granulated fiber foam for plant cultivation, wherein the fiber foam is based on lignocellulose-containing materials and is porous, wherein the fiber foam is bound by binders that occur naturally in lignocellulose-containing materials and are released from the lignocellulose-containing materials by the effect of temperature.
  • the manufacturing process is only supplemented by the step of fractionating the dried fiber foam or forming the particles that form the granulate in the manufacturing process.
  • the fiber foam of the seedling according to the invention is obtainable in particular by the production process explained above in connection with the use of the fiber foam according to the invention. In this regard, reference is made to the explanations of the production process and the preferred embodiments therein.
  • the fiber foam of the seedling can preferably be fractionated or granulated.
  • Example 1 Preferred examples of the manufacturing process by which the fiber foam is obtainable are presented below.
  • Example 1 Preferred examples of the manufacturing process by which the fiber foam is obtainable are presented below.
  • a suspension of softwood fibers, particularly pine fibers, and water with a solids content of 7% is further defibrated in an atmospheric refiner at room temperature. Excess water is then removed from the highly viscous wood fiber suspension using a sieve, and a solids content of 10% to 15% is adjusted. 1000 g of highly viscous suspension is stirred with a proportion of 5% to 35% hydrogen peroxide (35% in water) for up to four minutes in an intensive mixer at room temperature. The homogeneous, flowable mass is poured into a mold perforated on all sides and dried in an oven at 130°C for 6 to 20 hours. The resulting lignocellulose foams/fiber foams have bulk densities between 50 kg/ m3 and 250 kg/ m3 and, depending on the bulk density, compressive strengths of 20 kPa to 350 kPa at 10% compression.
  • the fiber foam obtainable by all examples of the manufacturing process can be processed into a fractionated, ground or granulated fiber foam according to the invention.
  • the fiber foam obtainable through all examples of the manufacturing process can be processed into a seedling according to the invention by providing the fiber foam with at least one seed or shoot. Reference is made to the description and explanations preceding the examples.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'utilisation d'une mousse de fibre pour la culture de plantes, la mousse de fibre étant à base de matériaux contenant de la lignocellulose et étant poreuse.
PCT/EP2024/078424 2023-10-09 2024-10-09 Utilisation d'une mousse de fibre pour la culture de plantes, mousse de fibre fractionnée et semis sur la base d'une mousse de fibre Pending WO2025078451A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102023127430.9 2023-10-09
DE102023127430 2023-10-09
DE102023128129.1A DE102023128129B4 (de) 2023-10-09 2023-10-13 Verwendung eines Faserschaums zur Pflanzenkultivierung, fraktionierter Faserschaum und Setzling auf Basis eines Faserschaums
DE102023128129.1 2023-10-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025078451A1 true WO2025078451A1 (fr) 2025-04-17

Family

ID=93257641

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2024/078424 Pending WO2025078451A1 (fr) 2023-10-09 2024-10-09 Utilisation d'une mousse de fibre pour la culture de plantes, mousse de fibre fractionnée et semis sur la base d'une mousse de fibre

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2025078451A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1981002968A1 (fr) * 1980-04-16 1981-10-29 Metzeler As Milieu de croissance inerte et son procede de preparation
CN109644823A (zh) * 2019-02-15 2019-04-19 黄增尚 一种生态海绵土及其制备方法与应用
US20210324167A1 (en) * 2018-07-10 2021-10-21 Cellutech Ab Porous material of cellulose fibres and gluten
WO2024171127A1 (fr) * 2023-02-16 2024-08-22 Stora Enso Oyj Procédé de production d'une mousse de cellulose solide, mousse de cellulose solide et son utilisation
WO2024171124A1 (fr) * 2023-02-16 2024-08-22 Stora Enso Oyj Mousse de cellulose solide comprenant des unités discrètes de mousse de cellulose incorporées dans une matrice de mousse de cellulose

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1981002968A1 (fr) * 1980-04-16 1981-10-29 Metzeler As Milieu de croissance inerte et son procede de preparation
US20210324167A1 (en) * 2018-07-10 2021-10-21 Cellutech Ab Porous material of cellulose fibres and gluten
CN109644823A (zh) * 2019-02-15 2019-04-19 黄增尚 一种生态海绵土及其制备方法与应用
WO2024171127A1 (fr) * 2023-02-16 2024-08-22 Stora Enso Oyj Procédé de production d'une mousse de cellulose solide, mousse de cellulose solide et son utilisation
WO2024171124A1 (fr) * 2023-02-16 2024-08-22 Stora Enso Oyj Mousse de cellulose solide comprenant des unités discrètes de mousse de cellulose incorporées dans une matrice de mousse de cellulose

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3406793B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication de pièces moulées poreuses
EP1363981B1 (fr) Mélanges comprimés de moelle de fibre de coco et de matiére autre que la fibre de coco et la tourbe, et procédés de production correspondants
US10701873B2 (en) Growing medium structures based on Sphagnum moss and method for the manufacture thereof
EP2307333B1 (fr) Matériau composite à base de matières polymères et d'une matrice minérale, poreuse, ainsi que sa fabrication et son utilisation
EP1210866B1 (fr) Corps moulé compressé
DE2307732A1 (de) Pflanzsockel und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
EP3143870B1 (fr) Tapis de fibres de bois destine a etre utilise comme substrat vegetal
DE602004010075T2 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines wachstumssubstrats
EP3763202B1 (fr) Substrat de culture pour plantes
DE19517905C2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Stoffgemisch-Masse, die ökologisch verträglich ist, zur Ausformung von Gegenständen wie Blumen- und Saattöpfe, Pflanzplatten, Gärschalen, Verpackungsformkörper, Dämmplatten sowie Floristikmaterial
DE19757418A1 (de) Dämm-, Füll- oder Packstoff und daraus hergestellte Formkörper
DE102023128129B4 (de) Verwendung eines Faserschaums zur Pflanzenkultivierung, fraktionierter Faserschaum und Setzling auf Basis eines Faserschaums
EP3469890A1 (fr) Agent de conditionneur du sol, utilisations du conditionneur du sol, substrat comportant l'agent de conditionneur du sol ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'un agent de conditionneur du sol
EP0748358A1 (fr) Produit moule en materiau cellulosique et vegetal et procede pour sa fabrication
WO2025078451A1 (fr) Utilisation d'une mousse de fibre pour la culture de plantes, mousse de fibre fractionnée et semis sur la base d'une mousse de fibre
EP3154334B1 (fr) Procédé pour rendre exploitable une tourbe en fines particules
DE102016115901A1 (de) Biologisch abbaubarer Pflanzbehälter und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE3024737B1 (de) Substrat fuer Bepflanzungen und dessen Verwendung fuer Containerbepflanzungen
JP2955265B2 (ja) 土壌改良材
DE19855283B4 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern
PL236101B1 (pl) Metoda formowania biodegradowalnej doniczki do hodowli roślin
DE1228912B (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gartenbau-behaelters aus zerkleinertem Holzmaterial
AT312982B (de) Schaumstoff
WO2021175719A1 (fr) Procédé pour obtenir et traiter des fibres provenant de matières résiduelles organiques pour produire des pièces moulées
DE102020119767A1 (de) Pflanzenwachstumssubstrat

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 24794710

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1