WO2025072290A1 - Modular puff machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided herein is a puff machine system (400) that includes an auto- weighing module (401) configured to weigh a mass loss associated with a device and a puff generation module (402) detachably coupled with the auto-weighting module. The puff generation module is configured to draw a predefined amount of air from the device, causing the device to generate a puff. The auto-weighing module is configured to perform puff-by-puff measurements for the mass loss associated with the device between puffs.

Description

MODULAR PUFF MACHINE

CROSS-REFERENCE

[001] The current application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/585,152 filed September 25, 2023, entitled “MODULAR PUFF MACHINE” the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[002] The subject matter described herein relates to puff machines and/or aerosol generators, including puff machines designed specifically for puff parameters associated with vaporizer and/or e-cigarette.

BACKGROUND

[003] Traditional puff machines are primarily used for testing and analyzing the aerosol produced by combustible cigarettes or other smoking devices, and/or the vaporizer or smoking device. These machines are designed to simulate the act of smoking by drawing a specific volume of air through a cigarette or similar product within a predetermined time frame. This airflow passes through various components of the cigarette, such as filters or chambers, and then through sample collection equipment like filter pads or impingers. The collected samples are subsequently analyzed to determine the composition and characteristics of the aerosol generated during the smoking process.

[004] In recent years, vaporizers are gaining increasing popularity both for prescriptive medical use, in delivering medicaments, and for consumption of tobacco, nicotine, and other plant-based materials. Vaporizer devices, which can also be referred to as vaporizers, electronic vaporizer devices, or e-vaporizer devices, can be used for delivery of an aerosol (for example, a vapor-phase and/or condensed-phase material suspended in a stationary or moving mass of air or some other gas carrier) containing one or more active ingredients by inhalation of the aerosol by a user of the vaporizing device. For example, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) include a class of vaporizer devices that are battery powered and that can be used to simulate the experience of smoking, but without burning of tobacco or other substances. Vaporizer devices can be portable, self-contained, and/or convenient for use.

[005] In use of a vaporizer device, the user inhales an aerosol, commonly referred to as “vapor,” which can be generated by a heating element that vaporizes (e.g., causes a liquid or solid to at least partially transition to the gas phase) a vaporizable material, which can be liquid, a solution, a solid, a paste, a wax, and/or any other form compatible for use with a specific vaporizer device. The vaporizable material used with a vaporizer device can be provided within a vaporizer cartridge (for example, a separable part of the vaporizer device that contains vaporizable material) that includes an outlet (for example, a mouthpiece) for inhalation of the aerosol by a user.

[006] To receive the inhalable aerosol generated by a vaporizer device, a user may, in certain examples, activate the vaporizer device by taking a puff, by pressing a button, and/or by some other approach. A puff as used herein can refer to inhalation by the user in a manner that causes a volume of air to be drawn into the vaporizer device such that the inhalable aerosol is generated by a combination of the vaporized vaporizable material with the volume of air.

[007] An approach by which a vaporizer device generates an inhalable aerosol from a vaporizable material involves heating the vaporizable material in a vaporization chamber (e.g., a heater chamber or atomizer) to cause the vaporizable material to be converted to the gas (or vapor) phase. A vaporization chamber can refer to an area or volume in the vaporizer device within which a heat source (for example, a conductive, convective, and/or radiative heat source) causes heating of a vaporizable material to produce a mixture of air and vaporized material to form a vapor for inhalation of the vaporizable material by a user of the vaporizer device.

[008] In some implementations, the vaporizable material can be drawn out of a reservoir and into the vaporization chamber. However, application of heat, manual pressure, or any type of negative pressure event (e.g., pressure drop inside an airplane cabin) may cause the air volume and/or bubbles in a cartridge reservoir to expand as the ambient pressure becomes negative in relation to the internal pressure.

Disadvantageously, such pressure changes result in the vaporizable material overflowing out of the reservoir, e.g., through a wicking element, and directly into the fluid passageway (e.g., airflow passageway) of the cartridge. This can allow for direct inhalation of vaporizable material, in liquid form, thereby causing an undesirable sensation or taste in the user’s mouth.

[009] Alternatively, or in addition, in some implementations, vaporizing vaporizable material into an aerosol may result in condensate collecting along one or more internal channels and outlets (e.g., along the airflow tube and/or a mouthpiece) of some vaporizer devices. For example, such condensate may include vaporizable material that was drawn from a reservoir, formed into an aerosol, and condensed into the condensate prior to exiting the vaporizer device. Moreover, the condensate can travel away from the mouthpiece and ultimately form a meniscus over one or more of the air inlets of the airflow tube. As a result, the condensate can be directly inhaled by the user during use of the vaporizer device, thereby creating both an unpleasant user experience as well as decreasing the amount of inhalable aerosol otherwise available. Furthermore, the buildup and loss of condensate can ultimately result in the inability to draw all of the vaporizable material from the reservoir and into the vaporization chamber, thereby wasting vaporizable material. For example, as vaporizable material particulates accumulate in the internal channels of an airflow tube downstream of the vaporization chamber, the effective cross-sectional area of the airflow tube narrows, thus increasing the flow rate of the air and thereby applying drag forces onto the accumulated fluid consequently amplifying the potential to entrain fluid from the internal channels and through the mouthpiece outlet.

[0010] The prevailing state-of-the-art puffing system (e.g., puff machines, aerosol generators, or the like) for testing vaporizers typically involves repurposing a combustible cigarette smoking machine to mechanically accept or accommodate vaporizers. This process often necessitates manual calibration checks and parameter adjustments, which are susceptible to human and equipment errors. These adjustments establish basic test parameters that frequently mask actual performance, and tests may be conducted without mechanical initiation or automation. Additionally, the features of this puffing system may be largely confined to their historical connection with combustibles, functioning in a simplified open-loop manner that falls short in adequately testing vaporizers. Moreover, these systems largely disregard the specific requirements of equipment and test procedures beyond those commonly associated with combustibles. Cigarettes lack the capability to establish communication with the machine, which means there can be no interaction between the machine and the cigarette, unlike vaporizers that can communicate and exchange data with the testing machine.

[0011] Additionally, vaporizers, operating on distinct principles from combustibles, deliver a notably wetter aerosol. This may pose additional challenges such as condensation management that current puffing systems fail to address. While these conventional systems generate numerical results, it is essential to note that evaluating a vaporizer differs fundamentally from assessing a combustible cigarette. As such, the current state of technology fails to provide confidence that vaporizers are being tested correctly by the conventional puff machines. SUMMARY

[0012] In certain aspects of the current subject matter, challenges associated with the traditional puff machines can be addressed by inclusion of one or more of the features described herein or comparable/equivalent approaches as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Aspects of the current subject matter includes methods, apparatuses, compositions, and systems related to a modular puff machine (MPM).

[0013] In some variations, one or more of the following features may optionally be included in any feasible combination.

[0014] In one aspect, provided herein is a puff machine system, comprising: an auto-weighing module, wherein the auto-weighing module is configured to weigh a mass loss associated with a device; a puff generation module detachably coupled to the autoweighting module, wherein the puff generation module is configured to draw a predefined amount of air from the device, causing the device to generate a puff, a tube detachably coupled to the puff generation module, wherein the tube enables air intake between puffs to remove condensation, wherein the auto-weighing module is capable of automatically performing puff-by-puff measurements for the mass loss associated with the device between puffs during weighing sessions, wherein each weighing session occurring between puffs.

[0015] In some variations, the auto-weighing module includes a lifter configured to elevate a liftable panel about a hinge, wherein the liftable panel is configured hold the device in between weighing sessions.

[0016] In some variations, the liftable panel includes one or more grippers configured to removably hold the device, wherein at least one of the one or more grippers is configured to establish electrical connection with the device.

[0017] In some variations, the system further includes a movement controller, wherein the movement controller is programmable and controls one or more movements of the lifter and/or the grippers.

[0018] In some variations, at least one of the grippers is configured to establish data communication with the device.

[0019] In some variations, the one or more grippers detach from the device during the weighing sessions.

[0020] In another aspect, provided herein is a system including a plurality of puff machine systems.

[0021] In some variations, the system includes a user interface, wherein the user interface facilitates user control of the plurality of puff machine systems. [0022] In some variations, the puff generation module comprises a mass flow controller, wherein the mass flow controller is configured to control a puff volume and profile.

[0023] In some variations, the mass flow controller is configured to draw air in between weighing sessions to provide condensation management.

[0024] In some variations, the mass flow controller is configured to generate periodic puffs to provide condensation management.

[0025] In another aspect, provided herein is method for operating a puff machine system, the method comprising: automatically weighing a mass loss associated with a device using an auto-weighing module; drawing a predefined amount of air from the device using a puff generation module, causing the device to generate a puff; enabling air intake between puffs using a tube coupled to the puff generation module to remove condensation; and performing puff-by-puff measurements for the mass loss associated with the device between puffs during weighing sessions, wherein each weighing session occurring between puffs.

[0026] In some variations, the method further includes elevating a liftable panel using a lifter, wherein the liftable panel holds the device between weighing sessions.

[0027] In some variations, the method further includes removably holding the device using one or more grippers on the liftable panel and establishing electrical connection between at least one of the grippers and the device during testing.

[0028] In some variations, the method further includes controlling one or more movements of the lifter and/or the grippers using a programmable movement controller.

[0029] In some variations, the method further includes establishing data communication between the device and at least one of the grippers.

[0030] In some variations, the method includes detaching the one or more grippers from the device during the weighing sessions.

[0031] In another aspect, provided herein is a method for controlling puff volume and puff profile in a puff machine system. The method includes controlling a puff volume and puff profile using a mass flow controller, wherein the puff volume and profile.

[0032] In some variations, the method further includes drawing air between weighing sessions using the mass flow controller to manage condensation around the device.

[0033] In some variations, the method includes generating periodic puffs using the mass flow controller to manage condensation.

[0034] In another aspect, provided herein is a method for operating a puff machine system with a user interface. The method includes providing user control over the puff machine system via a user interface, allowing configuration of puff parameters and viewing of puff data.

[0035] In another aspect, provided herein is a method for operating a system comprising a plurality of modular puff machines (MPMs). The method includes configuring each MPM to automatically weigh a mass loss associated with a respective device, drawing a predefined amount of air from each device using a puff generation module in each MPM, enabling air intakes between puffs to remove condensation from each device via a respective tube coupled to the puff generation module, and performing puff-by-puff measurements for the mass loss associated with each device across the plurality of MPMs during weighing sessions, wherein each weighing session occurs between puffs.

[0036] In some variations, the method further includes providing a user interface to control the plurality of MPMs, wherein the user interface allows configuration of puff parameters and monitoring of puff data for each MPM.

[0037] In some variations, the method further includes synchronizing puff data from each MPM with a cloud repository, allowing for real-time data collection and analysis from multiple devices across the plurality of MPMs.

[0038] In some variations, the method further includes performing fleet-wide firmware updates to ensure consistent performance across the plurality of MPMs.

[0039] In another aspect, provided herein is a puff machine system, including a condensation management system configured to manage condensation accumulation within an airflow passageway. The puff generation module is operatively coupled to the condensation management system, wherein the puff generation module is configured to adjust airflow dynamically based on condensation levels. A control unit is configured to coordinate operations of the puff generation module and the condensation management system to maintain predefined testing conditions.

[0040] In some variations, the puff generation module further includes a mass flow controller configured to control a puff volume based at least in part on environmental data, including temperature and humidity.

[0041] The details of one or more variations of the subject matter described herein are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features and advantages of the subject matter described herein will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims. The claims that follow this disclosure are intended to define the scope of the protected subject matter. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, show certain aspects of the subject matter disclosed herein and, together with the description, help explain some of the principles associated with the disclosed implementations. In the drawings,

[0043] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating exemplary puff machines that are capable of accommodating both combustibles and vaporizers, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter;

[0044] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating exemplary puff machines that are capable of accommodating both combustibles and vaporizers, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter;

[0045] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating exemplary puff machines, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter.

[0046] FIG. 4A is a block diagram illustrating exemplary modular puff systems, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter.

[0047] FIG. 4B illustrates End-User Testing (EUT) data and a comparison to industry standard testing, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter.

[0048] FIG. 4C illustrates End-User Testing (EUT) data and a comparison to industry standard testing, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter.

[0049] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating segments of exemplary modular puff systems, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter.

[0050] FIG. 6 are flow charts illustrating a traditional testing process 610 and an MPM testing process 620, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter.

[0051] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a set of test results generated by exemplary modular puff systems, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter.

[0052] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a fleet of five MPMs operating in autoweighing mode, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter.

[0053] FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary user interface, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter. [0054] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary user interface that facilitates user selection, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter.

[0055] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a flow chart of a process for operating a puff machine system, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the current subject matter.

[0056] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a flow chart of a process for operating a system comprising a plurality of modular puff machines (MPMs), in accordance with one or more embodiments of the current subject matter.

[0057] When practical, similar reference numbers denote similar structures, features, or elements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The details of one or more variations of the subject matter described herein are set forth in the accompanying drawings.

[0059] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating exemplary puff machines that are capable of accommodating both combustibles and vaporizers. As shown in FIG. 1, traditional puff machines, which originally accept combustibles, may be retrofitted to mechanically accept vaporizers. As discussed herein elsewhere, exemplary puff machines have historically served as standard tools in the tobacco industry for evaluating combustible cigarettes. These machines employ a computer-controlled piston pump mechanism to produce a consistent puff at a designated smoking port. These very same puffing machines are now being marketed with modifications for vaporizer testing purposes in the electronic cigarette field. Y et, the extent of these updates primarily involves replacing ashtrays with customized support brackets and filter pad adapters. However, features of these systems are highly limited to their legacy history with combustibles often running in an oversimplified open-loop fashion that falls short for sufficiently testing vaporizers. Additionally, the conventional puff machine lacks the capability to collect data because it cannot establish communication with the vaporizer. Consequently, it is unable to capture a wide range of puff parameters, including any form of automated data. Furthermore, these systems are typically simple standalone machines which are limited to local user access, and offer no fleet-wide support. Operation usually involves manual calibration checks and parameter offsets that are prone to human and equipment error.

[0060] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating another exemplary puff machine that is capable of accommodating both combustibles and vaporizers. As shown in FIG. 2, manual calibration and/or intervention is necessary for testing reiteration. Similarly to the machines shown in FIG. 1 , features of this system are highly limited to their legacy history with combustibles often running in an oversimplified open-loop fashion that falls short for sufficiently testing vaporizers. Furthermore, these systems are typically simple standalone machines which are limited to local user access, and offer no fleet- wide firmware update possibility. As shown by elements 201, 202 and 203, this puffing machine typically requires various manual interventions. These include clearing the remnants of combustible cigarettes, periodically removing combustibles and/or vaporizers from the puffing machine to facilitate subsequent testing, manual calibration checks and parameter offsets, and similar tasks. Operation that usually involves manual interventions are prone to human and equipment error.

[0061] As described, existing industry-standard puff machines (i.e., testers), initially designed for combustible cigarettes, exhibit limited efficacy when applied to testing non-combustible products like vaporizers. These testers, albeit retrofitted for vaporizer compatibility, maintain a testing approach that closely resembles that of traditional combustible cigarettes. This adherence to a legacy methodology severely curtails their testing capabilities. Moreover, these testers heavily rely on manual procedures susceptible to errors and time constraints. Consequently, the manual burden may result in inadequate data coverage and resolution, notably hindering vaporizer testing's comprehensiveness. Additionally, maintaining test consistency becomes a challenge, particularly for tests with timing requirements, for example requiring a time period of no puff, such as a 1 -minute, 2-minute, 3-minute, 4-minute, 5-minute, 6-minute, 7-minute, 8-minute, 9-minute, and/or 10-minute wait between tests.

[0062] To address the insufficiencies inherent in current industry-standard or traditional puff machines, provided herein are systems and/or machines that entail the development of a puffing machine optimized for assessing contemporary non-combustible products. Automation may be incorporated to mitigate the reliance on error-prone manual processes and substantially augment data coverage and resolution. This design may monitor and record a comprehensive array of data points for subsequent post-processing, analysis, and report generation. It is noteworthy that the design will uniquely tackle the intricate challenge of vapor management, ensuring consistent performance over time without any degradation. Furthermore, the machine's optimization will encompass compliance with the industry standard test conditions, while simultaneously comprising testing methodologies tailored to the nuanced characteristics of modem non-combustible devices. Its architecture may boast high modularity and configurability on both the hardware and software fronts, thus imparting adaptability to evolving testing requirements.

[0063] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating exemplary modular puff machines, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter. As shown in FIG. 3, a modular puff machine (MPM) may comprise an auto-weighing (AW) component 301, and a puff generation component 302. As shown in FIG. 3, the AW component 301 and the device to be tested may be enclosed, for example, in a box, to block any pressure waves within the testing area/room. In some embodiments, the AW component 301 and the device may be partially enclosed for pressure wave blocking purpose. In some embodiments, the AW component 301 and the device may be entirely enclosed. In some embodiments, AW component 301 and the device may be enclosed in the box for a subset of time of the testing period. The puff generation component 302 may comprise a mass flow controller that is connected to a vacuum source to generate one or more puffs. In some embodiments, the mass flow controller may employ flow control to establish puffing volumes and profiles. As shown in FIG. 3, the puff generation component 302 may be coupled with the auto-weighing (AW) component 301 via a tube 310. The tube 310 may serve as a conduit for the transfer of airflow and aerosol between the auto-weighing (AW) component 301 and the puff generation component 302. In some implementations, the tube 310 may serve the purpose of flushing by facilitating the efficient removal of vapor residues and condensed liquids from the vicinity of the device. This is achieved by creating a pathway through which the vapor can be drawn out between puffs. As a result, the accumulation of condensation around the device is prevented, ensuring that the weight measurements remain accurate. Without this flushing mechanism, droplets could accumulate, necessitating manual removal, and potentially compromising the precision of the data, similar to the traditional manual methods. As shown in FIG. 3, the AW component 301 may comprise a liftable panel 304. In some implementations, the liftable panel 304 may accommodate vaporizers for weighing and subsequent testing. In some embodiments, the device may be held at various user-defined angles.

[0064] FIG. 4A presents a block diagram illustrating exemplary modular puff systems in accordance with one or more implementations of the current subject matter. As depicted in FIG. 4A, a modular puff system may comprise an auto-weighing (AW) module 401 and a puff generation component 402. The AW module 401 may comprise various sub-modules, such as a lifter 403 capable of elevating the liftable panel 404 about a hinge 405. In some implementations, the liftable panel 404 might feature one or more grippers 406 situated on one or both sides of the panel 404. These grippers 406 may secure the device 407 under testing to the panel 404. Alternatively or additionally, in some implementations, the one or more grippers 406 could affix the device 407 to the panel 404 in a detachable manner. In some implementations, the panel 404 and/or the grippers 406 may provide charging functionalities to the device. In some implementations, the modular puff systems may further comprise a movement controller (not shown in FIG. 4A), wherein the movement controller is programmable and may control one or more movements of the lifter 403 and/or the grippers 406. In some implementations, the panel 404 and/or the grippers 406 may establish contact with the device, facilitating data exchange to and from the device (i.e., data streaming). For example, communication protocols may be established between the device and the MPM via an electrical connection. Accordingly, this MPM system allows seamless streaming of both device and puff machine data directly to the cloud. In a use case, this data streaming may comprise a dataset that features more than about 25 data fields, including metrics such as air path pressure, heater resistance, power, battery level, and others. In some embodiments, the dataset may be captured continuously, or periodically, for example, at a predetermined frequency, such as of about 32Hz. This comprehensive dataset becomes stored and accessible for in-depth analysis of individual puff profiles and overall machine performance.

[0065] Notably, the device 407 is depicted in the drawing(s) for illustrative purposes, emphasizing that its weight is being measured; it should be understood that the device 407 (e.g., vaporizer) is not a required component of the AW module 401. Additionally, in some implementations, the AW module 401 may additionally incorporate a scale 408 capable of determining the weight of the device 407 once it is positioned on the scale 408. This may occur when the liftable panel 404 is in a horizontal orientation. In some implementations, when weighing the device, the device is untethered from any mechanical and electrical connection to ensure an accurate reading and/or fine resolution of the weighing data. In some implementations, peripheral equipment or measurements may be provided to improve weighing accuracy, such as a vibration isolation table on which the MPM is placed. In a flushing process, i.e., a condensation removal procedure, immediately after a puff, the device is temporarily decoupled and/or detached from the grippers 406 to facilitate unobstructed airflow throughout the entire puffing pathway. In particular, the gripper at the mouthpiece side of the device is temporarily released to allow air to flow into the airflow path. The gripper 406 separates from the mouthpiece side of the device by a few millimeters while maintaining enough grip to keep the device securely in place. This separation creates a small gap that allows for increased air circulation. At the mouthpiece end of the device, a vacuum is activated to generate a suction force, effectively drawing and eliminating any condensation that may have accumulated near the device during puffing. This procedure is initiated immediately after each puff, pulling a vacuum to direct all suspended aerosol particles into an extraction filter or a similar receptacle. By performing this flushing process, potential droplets that could otherwise fall back onto the device are effectively removed, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of subsequent measurements, particularly regarding mass loss.

[0066] In some embodiments, the puff machine system includes a condensation management system configured to manage condensation accumulation within the airflow passageway of the device. As the system generates aerosol, condensation may form due to the cooling of vaporized material in the airflow path, leading to potential measurement inaccuracies and device performance degradation. The condensation management system is operatively coupled to the puff generation module, where it dynamically adjusts the airflow based on detected condensation levels to mitigate condensation buildup. This dynamic adjustment helps maintain consistent airflow and ensures that condensation does not interfere with the puff-by-puff measurement accuracy. For example, the system may include a mass flow controller that dynamically regulates airflow and periodically draws ambient air through the device between puffs to clear any condensation that has accumulated in the airflow passageway. This process prevents condensation from interfering with the mass loss measurements by ensuring that no residual droplets remain in the puffing pathway, which could otherwise lead to false readings. The condensation management system also enhances the longevity of the device by preventing moisture buildup, which could otherwise lead to corrosion or malfunction of sensitive components over time. By incorporating these condensation management techniques, the puff machine system may also improve the user experience by reducing the risk of inhaling liquid droplets or experiencing inconsistent puff delivery due to condensation blockage. Moreover, the automated condensation control minimizes the need for manual intervention during the testing process, ensuring a higher degree of reliability and repeatability in the results.

[0067] The AW module 401 of the MPM system offers automation for device mass loss (DML) monitoring and accessing device performance. During testing, the vaporizer device's battery charges between sessions and puffs, ensuring a consistent battery level that contributes to more uniform DML data across each puff or puff block. In some implementations, the battery can be charged during the test, but some tests, such as battery life tests, do not require changing throughout the test. The MPM provides the option to enable charging during the test or disable it completely, depending on the testing requirements. The auto-weighing module 401 significantly reduces labor intensity and potential errors associated with manual device weighing before and after aerosol collection puff blocks. In some implementations, the tube 310 (shown in FIG. 3) may serve the purpose of flushing by facilitating the efficient removal of vapor residues and condensed liquids from the vicinity of the device. This is achieved by creating a pathway through which the vapor can be drawn out between puffs. As a result, the accumulation of condensation around the device is prevented, ensuring that the weight measurements remain accurate. Without this flushing mechanism, droplets could accumulate, necessitating manual removal, and potentially compromising the precision of the data, similar to the traditional manual methods. This is particularly important for determining the End of Life (EOL) of pods, a critical step in clearance testing for various formulations, pod types, or firmware changes. EOL, often defined as 85% of maximum DML, varies with different formulations, necessitating EOL determination experiments for accuracy. The module's automation capability enhances data quality and accuracy, facilitating more accurate EOL estimation even with smaller puff blocks. Notably, the MPM can be effectively used without a filter pad, for example, Cambridge filter pad (CFP), during full pod collection for EOL determination. This is enabled by the condensation and trapping system, eliminating the need for a traditionally used filter pad, which has limited aerosol trapping efficiency and requires replacement between tests.

[0068] In some embodiments, the MPM system may conduct tests in smaller puff blocks, in some embodiments, puff-by-puff testing. In the context of puff testing and analysis, "puff blocks" typically refer to discrete sets or groups of sequential puffs that are analyzed together as a unit. These blocks help organize and segment the data for various purposes, such as studying the performance of a vaping or smoking device. For example, researchers may use puff blocks to group together a specific, arbitrary number of consecutive puffs, say 10 or 20 puffs, and then analyze the data related to those puffs collectively. This grouping allows for a more structured and systematic evaluation of the device's behavior and the characteristics of the aerosol produced. By conducting tests with smaller puff blocks, EOL determination becomes more accurate. For instance, a 10-puff block collection data revealed that 85% of DML was reached in 220 puffs, compared to the hypothetical 50-puff block collection where the closest data points for 85% DML would have been at 200 puffs (77%) and 250 puffs (95%). This demonstrates the enhanced accuracy achieved through the MPM's automation and smaller puff block testing.

[0069] In some implementations, the puff generation component 402 may comprise a mass flow controller (not shown in FIG. 4A). The mass flow controller may establish puffing volumes and profiles based on, for example, a user configuration. FIG. 4B illustrates End-User Testing (EUT) data and a comparison to industry standard testing, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter. The conventional industry-standard test conditions, as performed on smoking machines, involve specific puffing patterns: ISO Non-Intense, consisting of a 55 cc puff volume, 3-second puff with a 30-second duration interval, and Intense, with a 1 10 cc puff volume, 6-second puff duration and 30-second interval. However, these standardized conditions often diverge from the actual usage behaviors exhibited by users, introducing randomness and variability. To bridge this gap, the systems and methods provided herein leverage real- world user puffing data obtained from End-User Testing (EUT). By replicating this authentic user behavior on the MPM, using probability distributions derived from EUT data, the systems and methods provided herein create a more realistic testing environment. In some embodiments, the mass flow controller may establish puffing volumes and profiles based on, for example, analyzing and mimicking the EUT data. This approach yields high-quality feedback and insights, enabling the refinement of designs with greater accuracy and relevance. Particularly, the EUT data provides a more accurate representation of what actual users are experiencing during a puffing event. This data source enables the development of a model that closely mimics real-world user behavior, providing insights into actual device usage patterns. Additionally or alternatively, the data allows for customization to simulate different usage scenarios with varying testing parameters. This versatility in modeling probability-based usage scenarios enables a comprehensive assessment of device performance under a wide range of conditions, improving the overall robustness of testing procedures.

[0070] In some implementations, the liftable panel 404 may comprise a charging station to provide power source to a rechargeable battery of a device, for example, as shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating segments of exemplary modular puff systems, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter. As shown in FIG. 5, a charging station 502 of an auto-weighing module may deliver intermittent charges and/or continuously deliver charges to the device 507. This may ensure that a state of charge (SOC) of the device 507 is being maintained at a high level throughout the test. In some embodiments, the charging station may ensure the battery of the device does not deplete during the test. In some embodiments, charging can be implemented in various manners, for example, using two spring contacts on the gripper 406 that make contact with the charging contacts on the device. In another example, the charging station may be placed on the liftable panel. This method provides a flexible approach as it allows for programmable control over how the charging process takes place. This versatility enables users to customize the charging procedure according to their specific requirements and preferences. The state of the device is recorded in real-time and stored, providing a comprehensive record of the test setup. This real-time data logging ensures that test configurations and parameters are accurately documented and immediately accessible for analysis or reference. This provision of sustained power contributes significantly to ensuring the device's optimal and/or consistent performance and accurate representation during the testing phase.

End-of-Life (EOL) study

[0071] In the field of vaporizer and/or e-cigarette manufacturing, the significance of the end-of-life (EOL) study associated with cartridge and/or pod is manifold. The cartridge or pod may be a separable part of the vaporizer device and it may include an outlet (for example, a mouthpiece) through which the aerosol is provisioned to a user. This EOL evaluation serves as a quality assurance mechanism to ascertain operational integrity as products approach the conclusion of their usage cycle. The evaluation may crucially identify wear-related issues in constituent components, mitigating potential hazards and preserving user safety. Moreover, the assessment provides insights into longterm functionality, enabling refined design iterations and heightened user experiences. Regulatory adherence and consumer trust may be enhanced through this commitment to quality, fostering regulatory approvals and cultivating enduring consumer relationships.

[0072] Particularly, EOL is indicative of how many puffs, on average, a type of pod may provide, so that the aerosol collection process of the testing for this type of pod will focus on the number of puffs that is within the EOL limit. This can also be important in determining the active chemical concentration in a pod and the associated puffs. For example, once an EOL is generated and tested, the number of puffs and the active chemical mass associated with the EOL is known. The determination of the EOL establishes a consistent baseline for all samples. By identifying this threshold, an equal mass of material is extracted from each sample, maintaining uniformity across samples. Consequently, this uniformity allows for accurate calculations of the solvent volume required to reach a predetermined final concentration of active ingredient in each sample, thereby ensuring consistency in the experimental conditions. EOL is generally calculated by a certain percentage of the total mass, for example, 85%. In some implementations, the percentage may be 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, etc.

[0073] In clearance testing, a comprehensive aerosol analysis may be a mandatory step for each formulation, pod type, or firmware change in the product. This meticulous approach ensures the highest quality standards are met. To avoid potential dry puffing during full pod collection, it is essential to determine the EOL. As discussed herein elsewhere, EOL is precisely defined as 85% of the maximum DML. Notably, this threshold may exhibit slight variations with changes in formulation. Consequently, for every new formulation intended for testing, the EOL determination process may be necessary. Additionally, these EOL determination experiments can be quite labor- intensive and, at times, tedious. However, the automation capabilities of the MPM's autoweighing module have been integrated to streamline this process. Accordingly, the manual workload involved in weighing the devices, both before and after each puff block during aerosol collection may be reduced significantly. This automation not only enhances efficiency but also minimizes the likelihood of errors, ultimately contributing to the accuracy and reliability of the testing procedures.

[0074] FIG. 6 are flowcharts illustrating a traditional testing process 610 and an MPM testing process 620, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter. As shown in FIG. 6, a traditional testing process 610 may begin with operation 612, wherein a cartridge or pod is inserted into a fully charged device (e.g., a vaporizer). However, some limitations in this approach may exist, due to the process of simply repurposing combustible cigarette smoking machines, originally designed for a different purpose. This legacy framework often employs an oversimplified open-loop configuration, tailored for combustible cigarettes, falling short of effectively assessing the intricate nature of vaporizers. Notably, these conventional systems struggle to adapt to the distinctive demands of vaporizer equipment and testing protocols that extend beyond those established for combustibles.

[0075] In some implementations, the cartridge or pod may contain vaporizable material used with a vaporizer. In some implementations, the cartridge or pod may be a separable part of the vaporizer device and it may include an outlet (for example, a mouthpiece) for inhalation of the aerosol by a user. As shown in FIG. 6, a traditional puff machine may obtain, in operation 613, an initial weight A of the device, and may perform 614 a certain block of puffs (e.g., 50 puffs as shown in FIG. 6). The process 610 may then proceed to operation 615, wherein the system may obtain a final weight B of the device. Notably, operation 615 is generally performed manually by a user, and only generates one data point (i.e., the difference between weight A and weight B). This manual process necessitates frequent calibration checks and parameter adjustments, susceptible to human and equipment errors. The test parameters commonly employed can mask actual performance, while the absence of mechanized automation during testing further diminishes accuracy. These limitations are significant drawbacks inherent to traditional systems, resulting in outputs that do not faithfully represent the true behavior of vaporizers. Next, the process 610 may proceed to determining 616 whether the device mass loss (DML) of this block of tests is below a predetermined threshold, for example, 10 mg. If the DML of this 50-puff block is below the predetermined threshold, then the cartridge/pod may be determined to be depleted, and a replacement of the device may be scheduled 618 after a predefined time span elapses 617. Accordingly, the data resolution is confined to a predetermined block (e.g., 50-puff), rendering the granularity inadequate for precise End-of-Life (EOL) assessments. This deficiency in data precision is a notable limitation that underscores the shortcomings of the traditional testing process.

[0076] Furthermore, the traditional testing process 610 is predominantly manual, involving multiple labor-intensive operations, leading to time-consuming procedures. Unlike the MPM process 620 described herein elsewhere, automation remains largely absent. Additionally or alternatively, traditional puff machines often lack the provision of a charging station, potentially yielding devices with insufficient charge levels for accurate testing. Moreover, the traditional approach overlooks condensation compensation, resulting in any droplets produced being randomly weighed or not weighted along with the device, potentially compromising test accuracy.

[0077] According to the subject matter herein, the MPM testing process 620, which is associated with the modular puff machine, may provide automated testing experience that is tailored for testing vaporizers. As shown in FIG. 6, the process 620 may begin with operation 622, wherein a cartridge or pod is inserted into a fully charged device (e.g., a vaporizer), and then the device may be placed 623 into the MPM for testing. As discussed herein elsewhere, the MPM is capable of providing a puff-by-puff resolution for the DML (e.g., as shown by operation 624) associated with a device. The process 620 may proceed to operation 625 to determining whether puff DML is below a predetermined threshold, for example, 0.3 mg for a predefined number of puffs consecutively, e.g., 10 puffs. If the DML is below the predetermined threshold for a number of puffs, then the cartridge/pod may be determined to be depleted, and the process 620 may proceed to operation 626, wherein the test stops and all the DML is summed to generate a total DML for the pod. Next, the process 620 may calculate 627 a certain percentage of the total DML and denote the percentage as the EOL puff count, for example, at 85%. In an example, if the total DML is around 120 puffs, then 85% of the total DML, which is 102 puffs may be denoted as the EOL for this pod. As such, the process 620 is highly automated; a user does not need to manually weigh the device, therefore minimizing manual intervention, resulting in time savings and reduced human errors. The enhanced resolution achieved through puff-by-puff analysis ensures accuracy in evaluating device performance. By determining the EOL threshold based on accumulated data, the process offers a more accurate representation of a pod's operational longevity. This puff-by-puff analysis is particularly valuable, as the MPM can detect problems promptly during the test period and take corrective actions, a capability unavailable in traditional methods, because in traditional methods, a lot of information is lost in the averaging step. The traditional method does not have the ability of identifying an outlier during the test process. The modular puff machine's capabilities empower comprehensive testing, contributing to a more robust and credible assessment of vaporizer devices.

[0078] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a set of test results generated by exemplary modular puff systems, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter. As shown in FIG. 7, a number of DML profiles associated with pods, as well as a set of data points, may be generated and presented to a user. As shown in FIG. 7, the granularity of puff-by-puff testing may yield comprehensive insights into the pod’s characteristics. For example, it may comprise factors such as the device mass loss (DML) associated with each puff, and the consistency level across puffs, etc. In some implementations, some pods exhibit substantially consistent puff profiles over the life span of the pod, as shown by 710. In some implementations, some pods may exhibit inconsistent puff profiles over the life span of the pod, as shown by 720. These pods may experience a deficiency in DML during the initial 50 puff blocks. Element 730 illustrates puff profiles associated with outlier pods, consistently failing to reach the 10 mg target. Therefore, the MPM approach may identify outliers, and may provide insight about parameters deviating from the target or average. In some embodiments, profile refers to a set of parameters that describe the puffing characteristics observed during the operation of the puff machine system. A puff profile may include variables such as the device mass loss (DML) per puff, the consistency of DML across puffs, the total number of puffs, and the pattern of puff generation over time. Puff profiles may reveal trends such as consistent performance throughout the life span of a pod or variations that indicate deficiencies, such as outliers in performance. These profiles provide granular insights into device behavior and enable the identification of deviations from expected performance metrics.

[0079] In addition to the pod puff profile data, the MPM may also provide data reflecting temperature, humidity, average DML associated with each puff, DML total, DML standard deviation, EOL, EOL mass, and/or similar metrics. As such, the MPM approach provides a substantially greater number of data points compared to the conventional puff machine method, which typically yields only 3-4 data points.

MPM validation

[0080] The MPM system may comprise an on-board diagnostic tool, which may facilitate the verification of system performance periodically, for example, on a daily basis. The diagnostic tool conducts thorough assessments of the device's operational parameters, ensuring its functionality and accuracy. Validation results obtained from these diagnostic procedures may be stored locally within the device, creating a transparent record of the performance history. This enables users, technicians, and regulatory bodies to access and review the validation outcomes, promoting accountability and reliability in the device's operation. The disclosed validation system enhances the overall quality and dependability of electronic devices by ensuring consistent and verified performance through systematic diagnostic evaluations and transparent data storage.

Fleet Architecture

[0081] In some implementations, the modular puff machine (MPM) is versatile, functioning both as a standalone unit and as part of a fleet to accommodate larger sample sizes. In other words, The MPM system can be seamlessly employed as a single unit or effectively integrated into a larger fleet, offering unparalleled versatility for accommodating extensive sample sizes in data collection process. Additionally, the MPM may have compact physical dimensions, which render it practical for confined spaces and easy to transport. The MPM's modular design enhances user-friendliness, enabling deployment as a single unit or within a fleet for extensive data collection with large sample sizes. The compact structure may also be advantageous for confined spaces, such as aerosol collection in controlled environments. Additionally or alternatively, the incorporation of the auto-weighing module reduces labor time, enhancing accuracy and outcomes. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a fleet of five MPMs operating in autoweighing mode, as an example. Notably, the fleet is not limited to a particular number of MPMs. In this operational mode, the puff machines exclusively measure device mass loss, excluding aerosol collection for subsequent testing. The produced aerosol is condensed and gathered in traps positioned at the instrument's forefront.

[0082] In some implementations, the modular puffing machine (MPM) may seamlessly interface with diverse modules including the auto-weighing system (AW) and vapor collection system. The MPM may be accompanied by modular plug-and-play device kits designed to accommodate various device form factors, including devices from other manufacturers, through mechanical and electrical kits. In some implementations, the MPM employs a web-based user interface (UI) that enables remote monitoring and control across the fleet. This comprises test initiation and cessation, real-time test progress monitoring, and the like.

[0083] Moreover, the device and machine data may be synchronized with precise timestamps and automatically uploaded and stored in a cloud repository, facilitating comprehensive review and deeper investigation. This data is subsequently queried and analyzed using an analytic tool. This tool or processor is capable of retrieving stored test data to analyze the data and derive a number of results under certain parameters. In conjunction, an exemplary cloud-based platform enables the creation of studies and the queuing of tests across multiple MPM channels. Fleet-wide Over-The-Air (OTA) firmware and software updates are supported for seamless integration of new features and bug fixes.

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

[0084] FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary user interface, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter. FIG. 9 shows a user interface of the modular puff machine (MPM), presenting a range of customization options to optimize user interactions. Notably, the present disclosure is not limited to the parameters shown in FIG. 9 and it is understood that a variety of options are accessible on the UI. Moreover, the puffing process may be amenable to real-time monitoring and control through the web interface. This interface empowers users to track and regulate the status of puffing activities with convenience and precision. This functionality extends beyond individual MPM units, allowing for simultaneous oversight and management of multiple MPMs (i.e., a fleet of MPMs) from diverse locations via smartphones or laptops. This remote accessibility enhances operational efficiency and provides users with unparalleled convenience.

[0085] Integral to the MPM system is an automated data storage mechanism, with generated data seamlessly saved to a cloud-based repository. This cloud storage mechanism serves as a secure repository for vital testing information, ensuring accessibility and data integrity. As described herein, the MPM system may capture ambient data such as temperature, pressure, and relative humidity, augmenting the comprehensiveness of the testing dataset. Streaming data can be efficiently collated from various data fields. The example interface shown in FIG. 9 may offer a comprehensive view of the puff sequence status, promoting real-time oversight and operational transparency of the entire system. This integrated system provides users with an efficient and user-friendly solution for robust puff testing. Furthermore, the MPM possesses the capability to communicate with a device while maintaining full stream details, if supported by the device, inclusive of the pod identification. This comprehensive suite of features enhances the MPM's functionality, adaptability, and accessibility within a testing environment.

[0086] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary user interface that facilitates user selection, according to one or more implementations of the current subject matter. As shown in FIG. 10, the user interface facilitates easy mode switching, enhancing process efficiency. The "Manual" mode permits users to customize multiple test parameters, often used for research and development purposes. In contrast, the "Reg Mode" offers predefined parameters for standard puffing. Moreover, the modular puff machines (MPMs) are equipped for seamless Over-The-Air maintenance, allowing for fleet wide bug fixes and firmware updates. This dynamic capability ensures operational robustness and keeps the system up to date.

Puff Generation and Condensation Management Techniques

[0087] In some implementations, a pivotal element of the system's design focuses on proficient condensation management, crucial for maintaining accurate and dependable testing results while maintaining the highly automated process as described. This comprises a series of strategies tailored to effectively address potential condensation issues. In some implementations, the immediate start/stop mechanism coupled with the absence of a minimum puff volume requirement may curb condensation formation during puff initiation and cessation. The integration of flow rate active feedback/modulation, allowing for mass flow or volumetric flow control, enhances the system's adaptability and consistency in minimizing condensation. Moreover, the incorporation of flow switching/idling mechanisms alongside an ambient port and pressure -balancing devices maintains balanced pressures, thereby mitigating condensation risks. Additional or alternatively, the incorporation of flow switching and idling mechanisms alongside an ambient port and pressure-balancing devices provides an alternative flow path to ambient air, bypassing the device that is being tested. The alternative ambient air path allows the mass flow controller to initialize and/or maintain the correct flow rate before switching to the testing device to execute a puff. Moreover, this alternative ambient path allows air to continue to flow through an upstream tubing when puff generation is idle, mitigating condensation. As a result, the system improves flow stability and reduces potential disruptions during the testing process. In some implementations, flushing techniques, coupled with automated nightly flush sequences, efficiently clear droplets, preventing residual accumulation and bolstering system performance. The seal design is optimized for repeated break-away actions, effectively managing interface droplets and maintaining puff profile consistency. Additionally, sophisticated filtration techniques safeguard downstream components while promoting long-term system reliability. The system's internal geometry for chemical sample collection is designed to reduce condensation retention, ensuring accurate chemical analyses.

[0088] By effectively managing condensation, safeguarding the accuracy, reliability, and repeatability of testing outcomes may provide a number of advantages. For example, this approach enhances the accuracy of device mass loss (DML) measurements. By effectively addressing the issue of droplets generated during the puffing process, the system prevents these droplets from being registered by the scale. Consequently, the precision of DML measurements may be unaffected by the presence of droplets, ensuring the reliability of data without compromising measurement accuracy.

[0089] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a flow chart of a process 1100 for operating a puff machine system, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the current subject matter. The process 1100 may begin with operation 1102, wherein the system automatically weighs a mass loss associated with a device using an auto-weighing module. The autoweighing module may be configured to perform precise puff-by-puff measurements, with each weighing session occurring between puffs. In operation 1104, the system may draw a predefined amount of air from the device using a puff generation module, causing the device to generate a puff. In some embodiments, the puff generation module may be configured to ensure consistency in airflow, leading to accurate puff volumes. Next, in operation 1106, the system may enable air intake between puffs using a tube coupled to the puff generation module to remove condensation. This airflow prevents condensation from accumulating and interfering with the measurement process, maintaining consistent testing conditions. The system continues to perform puff-by-puff measurements for the mass loss associated with the device between puffs, as shown in operation 1108. The process may iterate for multiple puff cycles, capturing mass loss data and adjusting airflow as needed. In some embodiments, the process may further involve raising a liftable panel using a lifter, wherein the liftable panel holds the device between weighing sessions. The lifter ensures the device remains stationary during testing, allowing for accurate weighing. Elevating the liftable panel prevents external forces from interfering with the mass loss measurements. The system may additionally secure the device using one or more grippers on the liftable panel, holding the device during weighing sessions.

[0090] In some embodiments, the grippers may be configured to release the device when weighing sessions begin, ensuring there is no interference with measurement accuracy. The system may also establish electrical connection between at least one of the grippers and the device during testing, ensuring that the device remains powered and operational throughout the testing process. The process may further include controlling one or more movements of the lifter and/or the grippers using a programmable movement controller. This movement controller is responsible for automating device handling, allowing the system to operate with minimal manual intervention and maintain consistent results. Further, the system may establish data communication between the device and at least one of the grippers, facilitating real-time data transmission during the puffing and weighing processes. This communication ensures that all relevant data is collected and analyzed during the testing period. During weighing sessions, the system may also detach the one or more grippers from the device to avoid any external forces from affecting the mass loss measurement accuracy. The detachment of the grippers ensures that the device remains isolated for precise weighing. In some embodiments, the system may control a puff volume and puff profile using a mass flow controller. The puff volume and profile may be based at least in part on End-User Testing (EUT) data, enabling customization of puff characteristics to simulate real-world use cases. The system may also draw air between weighing sessions using the mass flow controller to manage condensation around the device. This airflow minimizes condensation, ensuring that it does not interfere with the puffing or weighing processes. To further manage condensation, the system may generate periodic puffs using the mass flow controller, providing continuous airflow and preventing condensation from building up over time. Finally, the system may provide user control over the puff machine system via a user interface, enabling users to configure puff parameters and view real-time puff data. This interface allows customization and tracking of the testing process, improving user interaction with the system. The process 1100 may repeat for multiple puff cycles until the testing is complete, ensuring accurate puff-by-puff measurements and effective condensation management throughout the process.

[0091] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a flow chart of a process 1200 for operating a system comprising a plurality of modular puff machines (MPMs), in accordance with one or more embodiments of the current subject matter. As shown in FIG. 12, the process 1200 may begin with operation 1202, wherein the system configures each MPM to automatically weigh a mass loss associated with a respective device using an auto-weighing module. Each MPM in the system may be configured to perform puff-by-puff measurements during specific weighing sessions that occur between puffs. In some embodiments, in operation 1204, the system may draw a predefined amount of air from each device using a puff generation module in each MPM. This operation may facilitate consistent airflow across the plurality of MPMs, simulating standardized puffing conditions for each respective device. In operation 1206, the system may enable air intakes between puffs to remove condensation from each device. This may be achieved via a respective tube coupled to the puff generation module in each MPM, ensuring that condensation does not interfere with the weighing and puffing process. The system may then continue with operation 1208, wherein it performs puff-by-puff measurements for the mass loss associated with each device across the plurality of MPMs. The system may track these measurements during specific weighing sessions, ensuring accurate data collection for each MPM in the system.

[0092] In some embodiments, the process may further involve providing a user interface to control the plurality of MPMs. The user interface may allow configuration of puff parameters and provide real-time monitoring of puff data for each MPM in the system, enabling users to track the progress of each MPM and adjust the testing conditions as necessary. In some embodiments, the process may include synchronizing puff data from each MPM with a cloud repository. This synchronization may allow for real-time data collection and analysis from multiple devices across the plurality of MPMs. By aggregating puff data in the cloud repository, the system may facilitate centralized monitoring and analysis for improved data accuracy and reporting. Furthermore, the process may involve performing fleet-wide firmware updates to facilitate consistent performance across the plurality of MPMs. The system may automatically distribute and apply firmware updates to each MPM, ensuring that all units are running the latest software and functioning correctly according to the same standards. The process 1200 may repeat for multiple puff cycles across the entire fleet of MPMs, ensuring consistent performance, accurate mass loss measurements, and effective condensation management throughout the testing procedures for each device.

[0093] One or more aspects or features of the subject matter described herein can be realized in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, specially designed framework specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various aspects or features can include implementation in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be special or general purpose, coupled to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device. The programmable system or computing system may include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other.

[0094] These computer programs, which can also be referred to as programs, software, software frameworks, frameworks, components, or code, include machine instructions for a programmable processor, and can be implemented in a high-level procedural language, an object-oriented programming language, a functional programming language, a logical programming language, and/or in assembly/machine language. As used herein, the term “machine-readable medium” refers to any computer program product, apparatus and/or device, such as for example magnetic discs, optical disks, memory, and Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), used to provide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor, including a machine-readable medium that receives machine instructions as a machine-readable signal. The term “machine-readable signal” refers to any signal used to provide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor. The machine -readable medium can store such machine instructions non-transitorily, such as for example as would a non-transient solid-state memory or a magnetic hard drive or any equivalent storage medium. The machine- readable medium can alternatively or additionally store such machine instructions in a transient manner, such as for example as would a processor cache or other random access memory associated with one or more physical processor cores.

[0095] To provide for interaction with a user, one or more aspects or features of the subject matter described herein can be implemented on a computer having a display device, such as for example a cathode ray tube (CRT) or a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a light emitting diode (LED) monitor for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device, such as for example a mouse or a trackball, by which the user may provide input to the computer. Other types of devices can be used to provide for interaction with a user as well. For example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback, such as for example visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback; and input from the user may be received in any form, including, but not limited to, acoustic, speech, or tactile input. Other possible input devices include, but are not limited to, touch screens or other touch-sensitive devices such as single or multi-point resistive or capacitive trackpads, voice recognition hardware and software, optical scanners, optical pointers, digital image capture devices and associated interpretation software, and the like.

[0096] In the descriptions above and in the claims, phrases such as “at least one of’ or “one or more of’ may occur followed by a conjunctive list of elements or features. The term “and/or” may also occur in a list of two or more elements or features. Unless otherwise implicitly or explicitly contradicted by the context in which it used, such a phrase is intended to mean any of the listed elements or features individually or any of the recited elements or features in combination with any of the other recited elements or features. For example, the phrases “at least one of A and B;” “one or more of A and B;” and “A and/or B” are each intended to mean “A alone, B alone, or A and B together.” A similar interpretation is also intended for lists including three or more items. For example, the phrases “at least one of A, B, and C;” “one or more of A, B, and C;” and “A, B, and/or C” are each intended to mean “A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, or A and B and C together.” Use of the term “based on,” above and in the claims is intended to mean, “based at least in part on,” such that an unrecited feature or element is also permissible.

[0097] The subject matter described herein can be embodied in systems, apparatus, methods, and/or articles depending on the desired configuration. The implementations set forth in the foregoing description do not represent all implementations consistent with the subject matter described herein. Instead, they are merely some examples consistent with aspects related to the described subject matter. Although a few variations have been described in detail above, other modifications or additions are possible. In particular, further features and/or variations can be provided in addition to those set forth herein. For example, the implementations described above can be directed to various combinations and subcombinations of the disclosed features and/or combinations and subcombinations of several further features disclosed above. In addition, the logic flows depicted in the accompanying figures and/or described herein do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. Other implementations may be within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. A puff machine system, comprising: an auto-weighing module, wherein the auto-weighing module is configured to weigh a mass loss associated with a device; a puff generation module detachably coupled to the auto-weighing module, wherein the puff generation module is configured to draw a predefined amount of air from the device, causing the device to generate a puff, and a tube detachably coupled to the puff generation module, wherein the tube enables air intake between puffs to remove condensation, wherein the auto-weighing module is configured to automatically perform puff-by-puff measurements for the mass loss associated with the device between puffs during weighing sessions, wherein each weighing session occurring between puffs.

2. The puff machine system of claim 1, wherein the auto-weighing module comprises: a lifter configured to elevate a liftable panel about a hinge, wherein the liftable panel is configured hold the device in between weighing sessions.

3. The puff machine system of claim 2, wherein the liftable panel comprises: one or more grippers configured to removably hold the device, wherein at least one of the one or more grippers is configured to establish electrical connection with the device.

4. The puff machine system of claim 3, further comprising: a movement controller, wherein the movement controller is programmable and controls one or more movements of the lifter and/or the grippers.

5. The puff machine system of claim 3, wherein at least one of the one or more grippers is configured to establish data communication with the device.

6. The puff machine system of claim 3, wherein the one or more grippers detach from the device during the weighing sessions.

7. A system, comprising: a plurality of the puff machine system of claim 1.

8. The system of claim 7, further comprises a user interface, wherein the user interface facilitates user control of the plurality of the puff machine system.

9. The puff machine system of claim 1, wherein the puff generation module comprises a mass flow controller, wherein the mass flow controller is configured to control a puff volume and profile.

10. The puff machine system of claim 9, wherein the mass flow controller is configured to draw air in between weighing sessions to provide condensation management.

11. The puff machine system of claim 9, wherein the mass flow controller is configured to generate periodic puffs to provide condensation management.

12. A method for operating a puff machine system, the method comprising: automatically weighing a mass loss associated with a device using an autoweighing module; drawing a predefined amount of air from the device using a puff generation module, causing the device to generate a puff; enabling air intake between puffs using a tube coupled to the puff generation module to remove condensation; and performing puff-by-puff measurements for the mass loss associated with the device between puffs during weighing sessions, wherein each weighing session occurring between puffs.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising: elevating a liftable panel using a lifter, wherein the liftable panel holds the device between weighing sessions.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising: removably holding the device using one or more grippers on the liftable panel; and establishing electrical connection between at least one of the grippers and the device during testing.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: controlling one or more movements of the lifter and/or the grippers using a programmable movement controller.

16. The method of claim 14, further comprising: establishing data communication between the device and at least one of the grippers.

17. The method of claim 14, further comprising: detaching the one or more grippers from the device during the weighing sessions.

18. The method of claim 12, further comprising: controlling a puff volume and a puff profile using a mass flow controller.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising: drawing air between weighing sessions using the mass flow controller to manage condensation around the device.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising: generating periodic puffs using the mass flow controller to manage condensation.

21. The method of claim 12, further comprising: providing user control over the puff machine system via a user interface, allowing configuration of puff parameters and viewing of puff data.

22. A method for operating a system comprising a plurality of Modular Puff Machines (MPMs), the method comprising: configuring each MPM to automatically weigh a mass loss associated with a respective device; drawing a predefined amount of air from each device using a puff generation module in each MPM; enabling air intakes between puffs to remove condensation from each device via a respective tube coupled to the puff generation module; and performing puff-by-puff measurements for the mass loss associated with each device across the plurality of MPMs during weighing sessions, wherein each weighing session occurring between puffs.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising: providing a user interface to control the plurality of MPMs, wherein the user interface allows configuration of puff parameters and monitoring of puff data for each MPM.

24. The method of claim 22, further comprising: synchronizing puff data from each MPM with a cloud repository, allowing for realtime data collection and analysis from multiple devices across the plurality of MPMs.

25. The method of claim 24, further comprising: performing fleet- wide firmware updates to ensure consistent performance across the plurality of MPMs.

26. A puff machine system, comprising: a condensation management system configured to manage condensation accumulation within an airflow passageway; a puff generation module operatively coupled to the condensation management system, wherein the puff generation module is configured to adjust airflow dynamically based on condensation levels; and a control unit configured to coordinate operations of the puff generation module and the condensation management system to maintain predefined testing conditions.

27. The puff machine system of claim 26, wherein the puff generation module further comprises a mass flow controller configured to control a puff volume based at least in part on environmental data comprising temperature and humidity.