WO2025071265A1 - Apparatus and method for supporting transmission and reception of rf energy in wireless communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method performed by a first device comprises the steps of: receiving a multiplexed energizing signal (ES) and a first link signal from a second device; and transmitting a second link signal to the second device, wherein the ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed, the ES is based on a carrier wave (CW), and the ES is related to energy supply to the first device.

Description

Device and method for supporting transmission and reception of RF energy in a wireless communication system

The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to a device and method for supporting transmission and reception of radio frequency (RF) energy in a wireless communication system.

Wireless communication systems are being widely deployed to provide various types of communication services such as voice and data. In general, wireless communication systems are multiple access systems that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). Examples of multiple access systems include the CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) system, the FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) system, the TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) system, the OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) system, and the SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) system.

To solve the above-described problems, the present disclosure provides a device and method for supporting transmission and reception of RF energy in a wireless communication system.

The technical problems to be achieved in the present disclosure are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method performed by a first device is provided, comprising: receiving a multiplexed ES (energizing signal) and a first link signal from a second device; transmitting a second link signal to the second device, wherein the ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed, the ES is based on a CW (carrier wave), and the ES is related to energizing the first device.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method performed by a second device is provided, comprising: transmitting to a first device an energizing signal (ES) and a first link signal that are multiplexed; and receiving a second link signal from the first device, wherein the ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed, the ES is based on a CW (carrier wave), and the ES is related to energizing the first device.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a first device is provided, comprising: a transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory operably connectable to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, perform operations, wherein the operations include all steps of a method performed by the first device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a second device is provided, comprising: a transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory operably connectable to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, perform operations, wherein the operations include all steps of a method performed by the second device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a control device for controlling a first device in a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory operably connected to the at least one processor, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions for performing operations based on being executed by the at least one processor, the operations including all steps of a method performed by the first device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a control device for controlling a second device in a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory operably connected to the at least one processor, wherein the at least one memory stores instructions for performing operations based on being executed by the at least one processor, the operations including all steps of a method performed by the second device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer-readable medium storing one or more non-transitory instructions, wherein the one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors, perform operations, the operations including all steps of a method performed by a first device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, is provided.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer-readable medium storing one or more non-transitory instructions, wherein the one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors, perform operations, the operations including all steps of a method performed by a second device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, is provided.

To solve the above-described problems, the present disclosure can provide a device and method for supporting transmission and reception of RF energy in a wireless communication system.

The drawings attached below are intended to aid in understanding the present disclosure and may provide embodiments of the present disclosure together with detailed descriptions. However, the technical features of the present disclosure are not limited to specific drawings, and the features disclosed in each drawing may be combined with each other to form a new embodiment. Reference numerals in each drawing may mean structural elements.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of physical channels used in a system applicable to the present disclosure and a general signal transmission method using the same.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless frame structure used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating an example of a slot structure used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a slot structure of a wireless frame used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM continuous ES transmission scheme in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM discontinuous ES transmission scheme in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM discontinuous ES transmission scheme in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM discontinuous ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a device-specific ES resource setting method in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a device-specific ES resource setting method in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a Device-common ES resource setting method in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation process of a first device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation process of a second device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a first device and a second device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

In various embodiments of the present disclosure, “A or B” can mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” In other words, in various embodiments of the present disclosure, “A or B” can be interpreted as “A and/or B.” For example, in various embodiments of the present disclosure, “A, B or C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.”

In various embodiments of the present disclosure, a slash (/) or a comma may mean "and/or". For example, "A/B" may mean "A and/or B". Accordingly, "A/B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C".

In various embodiments of the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” can mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Furthermore, in various embodiments of the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” can be interpreted as equivalent to “at least one of A and B.”

Additionally, in various embodiments of the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and/or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

In addition, the parentheses used in various embodiments of the present disclosure may mean "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information". In other words, the "control information" of various embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDDCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information". In addition, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information".

Technical features that are individually described in a single drawing in various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

Common signal transmission methods in 3GPP

Physical channels and general signal transmission

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of physical channels used in a system applicable to the present disclosure and a general signal transmission method using the same. Specifically, FIG. 1 exemplifies physical channels used in a 3GPP system and general signal transmission.

Figure 1 illustrates physical channels and general signal transmission used in a 3GPP system. In a wireless communication system, a terminal receives information from a base station through a downlink (DL), and the terminal transmits information to the base station through an uplink (UL). The information transmitted and received by the base station and the terminal includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type/purpose of the information they transmit and receive.

When a terminal is powered on again from a powered-off state or enters a new cell, it performs an initial cell search operation such as synchronizing with the base station (S11). To this end, the terminal receives a PSCH (Primary Synchronization Channel) and an SSCH (Secondary Synchronization Channel) from the base station to synchronize with the base station and obtain information such as a cell ID (cell identity). In addition, the terminal can receive a PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) from the base station to obtain broadcast information within the cell. In addition, the terminal can receive a DL RS (Downlink Reference Signal) during the initial cell search phase to check the downlink channel status.

A terminal that has completed initial cell search can obtain more specific system information by receiving a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) and a corresponding PDSCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) (S12).

Thereafter, the terminal can perform a random access procedure to complete connection to the base station (S13 to S16). Specifically, the terminal can transmit a preamble through a PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel) (S13) and receive a RAR (Random Access Response) for the preamble through a PDCCH and a PDSCH corresponding thereto (S14). Thereafter, the terminal can transmit a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) using scheduling information in the RAR (S15) and perform a contention resolution procedure such as a PDCCH and a PDSCH corresponding thereto (S16).

The terminal that has performed the procedure as described above can then perform PDCCH/PDSCH reception (S17) and PUSCH/PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) transmission (S18) as general uplink/downlink signal transmission procedures. The control information that the terminal transmits to the base station is referred to as UCI (Uplink Control Information). UCI includes HARQ ACK/NACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest Acknowledgement/Negative-ACK), SR (Scheduling Request), CSI (Channel State Information), etc. CSI includes CQI (Channel Quality Indicator), PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator), RI (Rank Indication), etc. UCI is generally transmitted through PUCCH, but can be transmitted through PUSCH when control information and data need to be transmitted simultaneously. In addition, the terminal can aperiodically transmit UCI through PUSCH according to a request/instruction of the network.

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) Numerology

The new RAT system uses OFDM transmission scheme or similar transmission scheme. The new RAT system may follow OFDM parameters different from those of LTE. Or, the new RAT system may follow the existing numerology of LTE/LTE-A but have a larger system bandwidth (e.g., 100MHz). Or, a single cell may support multiple numerologies. That is, UEs operating with different numerologies may coexist in a single cell.

Radio frame structure

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a wireless frame used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

In NR, uplink and downlink transmissions are organized into frames. A radio frame has a length of 10 ms and is defined by two 5 ms half-frames (Half-Frames, HF). A half-frame is defined by five 1 ms subframes (Subframes, SF). A subframe is divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a subframe depends on the Subcarrier Spacing (SCS). Each slot contains 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP). When normal CP is used, each slot contains 14 symbols. When extended CP is used, each slot contains 12 symbols. Here, a symbol may include an OFDM symbol (or a CP-OFDM symbol), an SC-FDMA symbol (or a DFT-s-OFDM symbol).

Table 1 illustrates that when CP is normally used, the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe vary depending on the SCS.

SCS (15*2^u) N ^slot _symb N ^frame,u _slot N ^subframe,u _slot 15KHz (u=0) 14 10 1 30KHz (u=1) 14 20 2 60KHz (u=2) 14 40 4 120KHz (u=3) 14 80 8 240KHz (u=4) 14 160 16

N ^slot _symb is the number of symbols in a slot. N ^frame,u _slot is the number of slots in a frame. N ^subframe,u _slot is the number of slots in a subframe.

Table 2 illustrates that when extended CP is used, the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe change depending on the SCS.

SCS (15*2^u) N ^slot _symb N ^frame,u _slot N ^subframe,u _slot 60KHz (u=2) 12 40 4

NR supports multiple numerologies (or subcarrier spacings (SCS)) to support various 5G services. For example, when the SCS is 15 kHz, it supports wide area in traditional cellular bands, when the SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz, it supports dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth, and when the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, it supports bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

The NR frequency band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2). The numerical values of the frequency ranges can be changed, and for example, the two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2) can be as shown in Table 3 below. For convenience of explanation, among the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 can mean "sub 6GHz range", and FR2 can mean "above 6GHz range" and can be called millimeter wave (mmW).

Frequency Range designation Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier Spacing FR1 450MHz - 6000MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz - 52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

As described above, the numerical value of the frequency range of the NR system can be changed. For example, FR1 can include a band of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz as shown in Table 4 below. That is, FR1 can include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher. For example, the frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher included in FR1 can include an unlicensed band. The unlicensed band can be used for various purposes, for example, it can be used for communication for vehicles (e.g., autonomous driving).

Frequency Range designation Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier Spacing FR1 410MHz - 7125MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz - 52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

In an NR system, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into one terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) section of a time resource (e.g., SF, slot, or TTI) (conveniently, collectively called TU (Time Unit)) consisting of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells.

FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating an example of a slot structure used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

A slot contains multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of a normal CP, one slot contains 7 symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, one slot contains 6 symbols. A carrier contains multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) is defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Part) is defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs in the frequency domain, and can correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can contain up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication is performed through activated BWPs, and only one BWP can be activated for one terminal. Each element in the resource grid is referred to as a Resource Element (RE), and one complex symbol can be mapped to it.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a slot structure of a wireless frame used in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is an exemplary system, illustrating the slot structure of a frame of an NR system.

The frame structure of NR is characterized by a self-contained structure in which a DL control channel, DL or UL data, and UL control channel can all be included in a single slot unit, as shown in the example of FIG. 4. At this time, DL data scheduling information, UL data scheduling information, etc. can be transmitted in the DL control channel, and ACK/NACK information for DL data, CSI information (modulation and coding scheme information, MIMO transmission-related information, etc.), scheduling request, etc. can be transmitted in the UL control channel. In FIG. 4, a time gap for DL-to-UL or UL-to-DL switching may exist between the control region and the data region. In addition, some of DL control / DL data / UL data / UL control may not be configured in a single slot. Or, the order of each channel configuring a single slot may be different. (For example, DL control / DL data / UL control / UL data or UL control / UL data / DL control / DL data, etc.)

Technical terms used in this disclosure

- SSB: Synchronization Signal Block

- MIB: Master Information Block

- RMSI: Remaining Minimum System Information

- FR1: Frequency Range 1. Refers to the frequency range below 6 GHz (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz).

- FR2: Frequency Range 2. Refers to the millimeter wave (mmWave) range of 24 GHz or higher (e.g., 24250 MHz to 52600 MHz).

- BW: Bandwidth

- BWP: Bandwidth Part

- RNTI: Radio Network Temporary Identifier

- CRC: Cyclic Redundancy Check

- SIB: System Information Block

- SIB1: SIB1 for NR devices = RMSI (Remaining Minimum System Information). Broadcasts information required for NR terminals to access cells.

- CORESET (COntrol REsource SET): Time/frequency resource for NR terminal to attempt candidate PDCCH decoding.

- CORESET#0: CORESET for Type0-PDCCH CSS set for NR devices (set in MIB)

- Type0-PDCCH CSS set: a search space set in which an NR UE monitors a set of PDCCH candidates for a DCI format with CRC scrambled by a SI-RNTI

- MO: PDCCH Monitoring Occasion for Type0-PDCCH CSS set

- SIB1-R: (additional) SIB1 for reduced capability NR devices. This may be limited to cases where it is generated as a separate TB from SIB1 and transmitted as a separate PDSCH.

- CORESET#0-R: CORESET#0 for reduced capability NR devices

- Type0-PDCCH-R CSS set: a search space set in which an redcap UE monitors a set of PDCCH candidates for a DCI format with CRC scrambled by a SI-RNTI

- MO-R: PDCCH Monitoring Occasion for Type0-PDCCH CSS set

- Cell defining SSB (CD-SSB): SSB that includes RMSI scheduling information among NR SSBs

- Non-cell defining SSB (non-CD-SSB): An SSB that is placed in the NR sync raster but does not contain RMSI scheduling information for the corresponding cell for measurement purposes. However, it may contain information indicating the location of the cell defining SSB.

- SCS: subcarrier spacing

- SI-RNTI: System Information Radio-Network Temporary Identifier

- Camp on: "Camp on" is the UE state in which the UE stays on a cell and is ready to initiate a potential dedicated service or to receive an ongoing broadcast service.

- TB: Transport Block

- RSA (Redcap standalone): A cell that supports only Redcap devices or services.

- SIB1(-R)-PDSCH: PDSCH transmitting SIB1(-R)

- SIB1(-R)-DCI: DCI scheduling SIB1(-R)-PDSCH. DCI format 1_0 with CRC scrambled by SI-RNTI.

- SIB1(-R)-PDCCH: PDCCH transmitting SIB1(-R)-DCI

- FDRA: Frequency Domain Resource Allocation

- TDRA: Time Domain Resource Allocation

- RA: Random Access

- MSGA: preamble and payload transmissions of the random access procedure for 2-step RA type.

- MSGB: response to MSGA in the 2-step random access procedure. MSGB may consist of response(s) for contention resolution, fallback indication(s), and backoff indication.

- RO-N: RO(RACH Occasion) for normal UE 4-step RACH and 2-step RACH (if configured)

- RO-N1, RO-N2: When a separate RO is set for normal UE 2-step RACH, it is distinguished as RO-N1 (4-step) and RO-N2 (2-step).

- RO-R: RO (RACH Occasion) set separately from RO-N for redcap UE 4-step RACH and 2-step RACH (if configured)

- RO-R1, RO-R2: When a separate RO is set for redcap UE 2-step RACH, it is distinguished as RO-R1 (4-step) and RO-R2 (2-step).

- PG-R: MsgA-Preambles Group for redcap UEs

- RAR: Random Access Response

- RAR window: the time window to monitor RA response(s)

- FH: Frequency Hopping

- iBWP: initial BWP

- iBWP-DL(-UL): initial DL(UL) BWP

- iBWP-DL(-UL)-R: (separate) initial DL(UL) BWP for RedCap

- CS: Cyclic shift

- NB: Narrowband

- TO: Traffic Offloading

-mMTC; Massive Machine Type Communications

- eMBB: enhanced Mobile Broadband Communication

- URLLC: Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication

- RedCap: Reduced Capability

- eRedCap: enhanced RedCap

- FDD: Frequency Division Duplex

- HD-FDD: Half-Duplex-FDD

- DRX: Discontinuous Reception

- RRC: Radio Resource Control

- RRM: Radio Resource Management

- IWSN: Industrial Wireless Sensor Network

- LPWA: Low Power Wide Area

- RB: Resource Block

- CCE: Control Channel Element

- AL: Aggregation Level

- PRG: Physical Resource-block Group

- DFT-s-OFDM: DFT-spread OFDM

- PBCH: Physical Broadcast Channel

- A-PBCH: Additional PBCH

- BD: blind detection

- EPRE: Energy Per RE

- SNR: Signal-to-Noise Ratio

- TDM: Time Division Multiplexing

- FDM: Frequency Division Multiplexing

- DMRS: DeModulation Reference Signal

- TDD: Time Division Duplex

- PCI: Physical layer Cell ID

- EH: Energy Harvesting

- EH device: A device that operates based on EH. It can include all of Device A/B/C under discussion in 3GPP. In addition, although this disclosure mainly considers RF EH, the EH device does not necessarily need to be RF EH-based.

- ES: Energizing Signal (RF signal for energy supply to support RF energy harvesting)

- ET: Energy Transfer

- CW: Carrier Wave (carrier wave for backscattering modulation). It is not limited to a single-tone or continuous wave in terms of meaning. It includes the meaning of a signal/channel defined/configured for a backscatter device to perform backscatter modulation.

- R: Reader/interrogator. RFID standard term. In the 3GPP Ambient IoT context, readers can include gNB/eNB, intermediate/assisting nodes, and UEs depending on the topology. In addition, since Ambient IoT is not limited to 4G/5G communication systems, it can include base stations, intermediate/assisting nodes, and UEs of next-generation communication systems.

- T: Tag/ambient IoT device. RFID standard term. In this disclosure, it can be interchanged with EH device, and in the 3GPP Ambient IoT context, it mainly refers to Ambient IoT device, Device A/B/C.

- R=>T: Reader-to-Tag or Reader-to-Tag communication link. If the base station or intermediate/assisting node is the reader, it can have the same meaning as DL.

- T=>R: Tag-to-Reader or Tag-to-Reader communication link. Can have the same meaning as UL when the base station or intermediate/assisting node is the reader.

- R<=>T: Includes cases of R=>T and T=>R, or R=>T or T=>R. It may be the case that both R=>T and T=>R apply.

- BS: Base Station

- UE: User Equipment. In the case of LTE, NR, or next-generation communication systems, it refers to the LTE, NR, or next-generation communication system UE/terminal, respectively. It is a general wireless communication terminal form that is distinguished from Ambient IoT device or Device A/B/C.

- Device: Unless otherwise stated, EH device, Ambient IoT device, or Device A/B/C are referred to indiscriminately.

- F-gap: Frequency gap

- T-gap: Time gap

- TD: Time Domain

- FD: Frequency Domain

Composition and Method of the Invention

In this disclosure, ‘()’ can be interpreted as both excluding the content within () and including the content within the parentheses.

In this disclosure, ‘/’ may mean including all of the contents separated by / (and) or including only some of the separated contents (or).

5G Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) has attracted much attention in the wireless communication world. By reducing the size, complexity, and power consumption of IoT devices and installing and connecting hundreds of billions to trillions of IoT devices, it can be applied to various application fields. Specifically, 3GPP SA1 is discussing use cases, scenarios, KPIs, etc. for these IoT devices, and they are captured in 3GPP TR 22.840. In addition, 3GPP RAN is studying IoT communication through the following SID objective, and the output of the study is captured in 3GPP TR 38.848.

This study targets a new 3GPP IoT technology, suitable for deployment in a 3GPP system, which relies on ultra-low complexity devices with ultra-low power consumption for the very-low end IoT applications. The study shall provide clear differentiation, i.e. addressing use cases and scenarios that cannot otherwise be fulfilled based on existing 3GPP LPWA IoT technology e.g. NB-IoT including with reduced peak Tx power.)

In terms of energy storage, the study will consider the following device characteristics:

- Pure batteryless devices with no energy storage capability at all, and completely dependent on the availability of an external source of energy

- Devices with limited energy storage capability that do not need to be replaced or recharged manually.

Device categorization based on corresponding characteristics (e.g. energy source, energy storage capability, passive/active transmission, etc.) may be discussed during the study, in relation with the relevant use cases. The device's peak power consumption shall be limited by its practical form factor for the intended use cases, and shall consider its energy source.

- Identify suitable deployment scenarios and their characteristics, at least for the use cases/services agreed in SA1's "Study on Ambient power-enabled internet of Things", comprising among at least the following aspects:

- Indoor/outdoor environment

- Basestation characteristics, e.g. macro/micro/pico cells-based deployments

- Connectivity topologies, including which node(s) , e.g. basestation, UE, relay, repeater, etc. can communicate with target devices

- TDD/FDD, and frequency bands in licensed or unlicensed spectrum

- Coexistence with UEs and infrastructure in frequency bands for existing 3GPP technologies

- Device originated and/or device terminated traffic assumption

NOTE: There can be more than one deployment scenario identified for a use case, and a deployment scenario may be common to more than one use case.

NOTE: Where more than one deployment scenario is identified for a use case, the trade-offs between them should also be studied.

NOTE: The study shall not prioritize deployment aspects that should be coordinated with SA, e.g. public or private network, with or without CN connection.

NOTE: A representative use case can be studied for a group of use cases that have similar requirements.

- Formulate a set of RAN design targets based on the identified deployment scenarios and their characteristics for the relevant use cases, at least including:

- Power consumption

- Complexity

- Coverage

- Data transfer speed (- Data rate)

- Positioning accuracy

NOTE: The requirements from SA1 on the relevant use cases shall be taken into consideration.

NOTE: The study shall aim to provide better coverage compared to existing non-3GPP technologies for the relevant use cases.

NOTE: Other RAN design targets in relation to connection density, mobility, security, latency, reliability etc. may be discussed, if necessary for the relevant use cases.

NOTE: Detailed definitions of the RAN design targets should be discussed during the study.

- Compare and assess the feasibility of meeting the design targets for relevant use cases on the basis of the deployment scenario(s) appropriate to it, and identify assumptions on required functionality to be supported.

NOTE: This is not to require a detailed WG-level of analysis.

Note: This study shall target for an IoT segment well below the existing 3GPP IoT technologies, e.g. NB-IoT, eMTC, RedCap, etc. The study shall not aim to replace existing 3GPP LPWA technologies.

The IoT device that 3GPP wants to support through study has the main feature of being maintenance-free, that is, being able to be used permanently without battery replacement. The 3GPP SA1 study result document TR 22.840 captures the content that energy can be harvested from RF signals, and that this RF energy harvesting method can have the following advantages.

The main advantage of RF-based energy harvesting is its availability in deployed environments and the fact that RF power is controllable (e.g., power can be sent by a transmitter on demand or periodically). Potential applications include logistics/warehouse, manufacturing, smart homes, health monitoring, and environmental monitoring etc.)

The present disclosure relates to a method and device for supporting RF energy transmission to support a device (hereinafter referred to as EH device) based on RF energy harvesting in a wireless communication system.

In the present disclosure, a wireless communication system may include the meaning of a conventional wireless communication system such as LTE, NR, etc., and a 6G or next-generation communication system.

In the present disclosure, the EH device can include all of Device A/B/C under consideration in the 3GPP RAN study, and therefore, the present disclosure can be applied to all of Device A/B/C. In addition, according to the proposal of the invention, the EH device is not limited to Device A/B/C or the device type/class under consideration in 3GPP, and can be a comprehensive meaning of a general device that is mainly or auxiliaryly supplied with energy through energy harvesting.

[Device types/categories/set of devices/classes under study in 3GPP RAN]

(1) Device A: No energy storage, no independent signal generation, i.e. backscattering transmission

(1-1) Complexity comparable to UHF passive RFID

(2) Device B: Has energy storage, no independent signal generation, i.e. backscattering transmission. Use of stored energy can include amplification for reflected signals.

(2-1) Complexity to be somewhere b/w Device A and C

(3) Device C: Has energy storage, has independent signal generation, i.e. active RF component for transmission

(3-2) Complexity to be orders-of-magnitude lower than NB-IoT

The present disclosure may be applied to all of the following four connection topologies under consideration in the 3GPP RAN study, and may not be limited thereto depending on the invention's proposal.

[Connection topologies under study in 3GPP RAN]

- Topology (1): BS <-> Ambient IoT device

NOTE: Includes the possibility of BS Rx and BS Tx in different BSs.

- Topology (2): BS <-> intermediate node <-> Ambient IoT device

NOTE: Intermediate node can be relay, IAB, UE, repeater, etc. which is capable of ambient IoT.

- Topology (3): BS <-> assisting node <-> Ambient IoT device <-> BS (Topology (3): BS <-> assisting node <-> Ambient IoT device <-> BS)

NOTE: Assisting node can be relay, IAB, UE, repeater, etc. which is capable of ambient IoT.

- Topology (4): UE <-> Ambient IoT device

In the present disclosure, R=>T, T=>R, and R<=>T include cases where R and T are one or more in each case. In addition, when R is plural, it can include cases where each R is the same node/entity and cases where they are different nodes/entities. Accordingly, the proposed methods of the present disclosure can be applied to all possible combinations where one or more R(s) transmit ES/R=>T signal/channel to one or more T(s) at the same or different nodes/locations. In addition, in the case of R<=>T, it can include R1=>T=>R2 (R1 and R2 are the same or different nodes/entities. When they are different, it is also called a bi-static configuration/set-up).

RF energy transfer (energy supply) method using dedicated signal/channel [Dedicated ES method]

The dedicated ES method may be a method that defines/designs and uses a new signal/channel (hereinafter, dedicated ES) for the purpose of energy transfer (ET). Since this method can design an ES optimized from the perspective of ET efficiency, the effect of increasing ET efficiency can be expected. At this time, the ET efficiency can be defined as the amount of energy accumulated in the EH device compared to the ES transmission power/energy. From the perspective of ET efficiency, the target of ES optimization may include ES transmission waveform, frequency location and bandwidth, power allocation/boosting, Tx location, beam forming/width, etc. A brief explanation is added for each case below.

(1) ES waveform

(1-1) Single-tone (or continuous wave) for min resource occupancy/overhead

(1-2) Multi-tone or other high PAPR signals for improved ET efficiency

(2) ES power allocation/boosting

(2-1) Power boosting for improved coverage

(2-2) Device type-aware and/or distance-aware power allocation/boosting

(3) ES frequency location and bandwidth

(3-1) Larger ES bandwidth to reduce the time required for EH, at the cost resource overhead

(3-2) May include the required guard band(s) for coexistence with NR/LTE/next generation communication system signals/channels

(3-3) ES can be transmitted in-band within the NR operating band, or in the guard band, or on a separate band/carrier.

(4) ES Tx geographical location

(4-1) ES can be transmitted from the same or different (separate) TRP as the signal/channel for communication purposes, and can be transmitted from multiple TRPs to secure coverage.

(4-2) It can be transmitted in the form of isotropic or broad beam from a specific TRP. Also, it can be a dedicated TRP/node for ES transmission with isotropic/broad beam.

(5) ES beam forming/width

(5-1) Narrow ES transmission beam to reach distant EH devices, wide beam to cover more devices within a short range

(5-2) Beam tracking for narrow-beam ES transmission

(5-3) More time-/frequency-domain resources for wide-beam ES transmission

ES transmission method for EH device support

We propose three ES transmission methods to support EH devices: FDM ES transmission method, TDM ES transmission method, and TD window ES transmission method. Each of the proposed methods is explained below.

In the FDM/TDM ES transmission schemes below, the cases where both R=>T and T=>R exist are mainly exemplified, but the proposed methods/schemes of the present disclosure are not limited to the case where both links exist unless otherwise stated. That is, the proposed methods/schemes of the present disclosure can be applied to all cases where both R=>T and T=>R exist, or only one of the two exists, or in the case of some methods/schemes, only ES is transmitted.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[FDM ES transmission method]

The FDM ES transmission method may be a method to transmit ES in a separate frequency domain distinguished from the R<=>T signal/channel. FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 are examples of cases where the ES frequency band and the R<=>T frequency band are arranged/configured/instructed in the FDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band. FIG. 5 may be an example for Device C that can operate as FDD or HD-FDD in an FDD band because independent signal generation is possible. FIGS. 6 and 7 may be examples for Device A/B that can perform T=>R transmission based on backscattering modulation. FIG. 6 may be a case where ES is transmitted/supplied to FDD DL to operate EH and backscattering transmission, and in this case, the F-gap (see definition below) may be arranged/configured/instructed between the ES frequency band and the T=>R frequency band (within the FDD DL frequency band). Fig. 7 may be a case where ES is transmitted/supplied to FDD UL to operate EH and backscattering transmission, and in this case, an F-gap (see definition below) may be placed/set/indicated between the ES frequency band and the T=>R frequency band (within the FDD UL frequency band).

In the FDM ES transmission method, a frequency gap (F-gap) can be set between the ES and the R<=>T signal/channel (see examples in Figs. 5/6/7). The F-gap can be mainly used to eliminate/alleviate interference that the ES gives to the communication signal/channel. This interference can be more problematic when the ES transmission power is relatively large compared to the communication signal/channel transmission power. In addition, the F-gap can be set in the following cases.

- Between ES and coexistence system DL/UL channel/signal: It is expected to have the effect of eliminating/mitigating the interference that ES gives to coexistence system DL/UL channel/signal.

- Between R<=>T signal/channel and coexistence system DL/UL channel/signal: It is expected that the interference that R<=>T signal/channel gives to coexistence system DL/UL channel/signal, or the interference between them, will be eliminated/mitigated.

For each case in which the above F-gap can be set, parameters that determine the presence or absence of the F-gap and the F-gap size/position, etc., may be individually set/indicated, or all or part of the parameters may be commonly set/indicated. For example, the size (bandwidth) of the F-gap may be set/indicated as a common parameter, and the presence or absence of the F-gap, frequency position, etc. may be set/indicated as individual parameters. Information about the presence or absence/size/position of the F-gap, etc., may be set/indicated by the R/base station to Ambient IoT devices in a device-specific, device-common, or broadcast signaling manner. In addition, information about the presence/size/location of the F-gap, etc., can be set/indicated in the form of broadcast signaling (e.g., system information including SIB1), cell-specific/UE-specific RRC signaling, or dynamic (e.g., MAC CE, DCI) signaling of the corresponding communication system, for example, for rate-matching purposes in an NR system, in order to avoid/control interference/collision when using resources in a coexisting communication system (LTE, NR, or next-generation communication system).

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM continuous ES transmission scheme in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[When ES is transmitted in FDM mode, ES time domain transmission method]

When ES is transmitted in the FDM mode, continuous (always-on) ES transmission mode and discontinuous (on-demand) ES transmission mode are proposed as the time-domain transmission mode of ES. Each method is explained with examples below.

[Continuous/always-on ES transmission method] A method of transmitting ES continuously or always (regardless of R<=>T signal/channel transmission time)

In the case of the FDM continuous ES transmission method, since the EH device always has energy accumulated, when communicating with the EH device and the R, the EH device charging time is eliminated from the communication delay factor, so the effect of minimizing communication latency can be expected. On the other hand, there may be a disadvantage of wasting power and resources of the R/base station.

[Discontinuous/on-demand ES transmission method] A method of transmitting ES discontinuously or only when needed/demanded.

In the case of FDM discontinuous ES transmission method, by minimizing unnecessary ES transmission, it is expected that the system efficiency can be increased through R/base station power saving and resource recycling. On the other hand, when communicating between EH device and R, since EH device charging time is required, the overall communication latency may increase.

In the FDM discontinuous ES transmission method, the cases where ES transmission is required/requested may include the cases where communication is established/instructed/requested between R and T. In addition, EH may be required before the start time of R<=>T signal/channel transmission/reception. In this case, ES can be transmitted before the start time of R<=>T signal/channel transmission/reception (this situation is assumed in the examples below). The ES end time can be set/instructed (by EH device type/class) considering EH requirement(s), ES frequency bandwidth size, etc. defined for the EH device or by EH device type/class. In addition, in order to support EH during R<=>T signal/channel transmission/reception, ES can be transmitted periodically (during a specific time interval). For ES reception of EH device, the size of the continuous R<=>T signal/channel transmission/reception section can be limited to a specific time, or EH through ES can be performed during a specific time interval (by setting a time gap) at a specific cycle can be set/instructed/allowed.

The FDM discontinuous ES transmission method can have the following detailed methods. In the examples below, T-Gap1 and T-Gap2 follow the definitions in the TDM ES transmission method below.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM discontinuous ES transmission scheme in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[Method of transmitting ES only when transmitting T=>R signal/channel]

If T is a device type/class that does not require a separate ES during reception operation and requires EH using ES only during transmission operation, it is expected that the system efficiency will be increased through power saving of the R/base station and resource recycling.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM discontinuous ES transmission scheme in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[Method of transmitting ES when transmitting T=>R signal/channel or R=>T signal/channel] If T is a device type/class that requires EH using ES during reception or transmission operation, the system efficiency can be expected to increase through power saving and resource recycling of the R/base station.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FDM discontinuous ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[Method of transmitting ES only when transmitting R=>T signal/channel] If T is a device type/class that requires EH using ES only when receiving and does not require ES when transmitting, the system efficiency can be expected to increase through power saving of R/base station and resource recycling.

Exceptionally, there may be cases where EH using ES is not required for receive or transmit operations, in which case the R/base station may omit ES transmission and the T may not expect ES transmission. Such exceptional cases may include:

(1) When EH can be performed (without ES) via R=>T signal/channel during receiving operation (in this case, R=>T signal/channel can be transmitted before or from the time of transmitting R=>T signal/channel for communication)

(2) When using a separate energy/power source (e.g., a separate battery) to amplify the input signal (low-noise) during receiving operation

(3) When using a separate energy/power source (e.g., a separate battery) for amplification, delayed transmission, etc. during transmission operation

(4) When performing EH using RF energy other than ES or other energy sources such as solar, thermal, wind, kinetic, etc. during receiving/transmitting operation, or when EH can be performed

[Application of in-band, guard-band, and standalone band of FDM ES transmission method]

FDM ES transmission method can be applied when both ES and R<=>T signal/channel are placed/configured/instructed in-band of a coexisting system.

Also, the FDM ES transmission method can be applied when the R<=>T signal/channel is placed/configured/instructed in the in-band and the ES is placed/configured/instructed in the guard-band. In this case, the ES placed/configured/instructed in the guard-band can be shared or common between Ambient IoT devices communicating with (different) R within each band through the R<=>T signal/channel placed/configured/instructed in-band in different frequency bands adjacent to the ES. Or, conversely, the R<=>T signal/channel can be applied when the ES is placed/configured/instructed in the guard-band and the ES is placed/configured/instructed in the in-band.

In addition, the FDM ES transmission scheme can be applied when both ES and R<=>T signal/channel are placed/configured/instructed to the guard-band of the coexistence system. In this case, the ES placed/configured/instructed to the guard-band can be shared or common between Ambient IoT devices communicating with (different) R through R<=>T signal/channel allocated to different frequency/time domains within the guard-band.

Additionally, the FDM ES transmission method can be applied in cases where both ES and R<=>T signal/channel are deployed/configured/instructed to separate bands/carriers (Standalone band/carrier deployment).

Information/parameters required to support the FDM ES transmission method including the presence/size/location of the F-gap, T-Gap1, T-Gap2, time gap for periodically performing EH operation, etc., can be set/instructed by the R/base station to Ambient IoT devices in a device-specific, device-common, or broadcast signaling manner. In addition, information about the presence/size/location of the F-gap, etc., can be set/instructed in a manner of broadcast signaling (e.g., system information including SIB1), cell-specific/UE-specific RRC signaling, or dynamic (e.g., MAC CE, DCI) signaling of the corresponding communication system in order to avoid/control interference/collision when using resources in the corresponding communication system (LTE, NR, or next-generation communication system), for example, for rate-matching purposes.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[TDM ES transmission method]

The TDM ES transmission method may be a method of transmitting ES in a time domain that is separated from the R<=>T signal/channel. FIGS. 12, 13, and 14 are examples of operating ES and R=>T signal/channel by arranging/setting/instructing them in the TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band. In the examples of FIGS. 12/13/14, the cases where ES transmission is requested/provided for R=>T and T=>R transmission of an EH device are all exemplified, but in some cases, ES transmission may not be requested/provided. FIG. 12 may be an example for Device C that can operate in FDD or HD-FDD in an FDD band because independent signal generation is possible. FIGS. 13 and 14 may be examples for Device A/B that can perform T=>R transmission based on backscattering modulation. Fig. 13 may be a case where ES is transmitted/supplied to FDD DL to support EH and R=>T reception, and T=>R backscattering transmission operations. Fig. 14 may be a case where ES is transmitted/supplied to FDD UL to support EH and R=>T reception, and T=>R backscattering transmission operations.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[Method of transmitting ES before the start of R=>T signal/channel transmission]

In the TDM ES transmission method, ES may be transmitted before the R=>T signal/channel transmission start time. At this time, for EH for the R=>T signal/channel reception operation of the EH device, the R/base station transmits ES before the R=>T signal/channel transmission start time, and T can perform the R=>T signal/channel reception operation from the time when the EH is completed using the ES.

Depending on whether there is a time gap (T-Gap1) between the ES transmission section and the start time of R=>T signal/channel reception, the following detailed methods are proposed.

(1) TDM with time gap

(1-1) T-Gap1 may be required for transmitter/receiver warm-up, transmitter/receiver state transition, etc. to start receiving R=>T signal/channel after EH through ES.

(1-2) T-Gap1 may be required for RF switching of the EH device, and the T-Gap1 value can be determined/set/indicated to include the RF switching time. At this time, T-Gap1 may be set/indicated regardless of the frequency positions of the ES and R=>T signal/channel, or may be set/indicated only when the difference between the two values is greater than a specific value. The specific value may be determined by the RF/baseband bandwidth of the Ambient IoT device. Alternatively, T-Gap1 may be set/indicated only when the frequency bandwidth (frequency span) including the ES and R=>T signal/channel exceeds the RF/baseband bandwidth of the Ambient IoT device.

(1-3) Through T-Gap1, it is expected that the system efficiency will be increased through R/base station power reduction and resource recycling.

(1-4) EH device may not expect/assume ES transmission during the requested or configured/instructed T-Gap1.

(1-5) The required T-Gap1 value may be different depending on the Ambient IoT device type/class. For R/base station scheduling, or resource recycling, for example, to determine the ES or R=>T signal/channel transmission time device (type/class)-specifically, T may need to report the required T-Gap1 information to the R/base station. Or, the R/base station may need to collect the required T-Gap1 information from T (during the initial connection process or after the connection). The required T-Gap1 information can be replaced with the device type/class information by the required T-Gap1 value that is fixed for each device type/class.

(2) TDM w/o time gap

(2-1) In cases where it is difficult to set/indicate a single value and apply it due to different T-Gap1 requirements for each EH device (type/class), or where it is difficult for the R/base station to recycle resources during T-Gap1, etc., the TDM ES transmission method can be applied without a time gap.

(2-2) This may be the case when the T-Gap1 setting value is set to 0.

In the example of Fig. 15, a time gap (T-Gap4) may be required for link direction switching (e.g., DL-to-UL switching) between the T=>R signal/channel and the ES. The T-Gap4 value may be determined/configured/indicated to include the link direction switching time. For example, when transmitting the T=>R signal/channel in the FDD UL band of the LTE/NR/next-generation communication system and transmitting the ES in the FDD DL band, the T-Gap4 value may be determined/configured/indicated to include the link direction switching (e.g., DL-to-UL switching) time. Alternatively, the T-Gap4 setting considering the link direction switching (e.g., DL-to-UL switching) time may be set/supported/allowed only when the EH device operates in half-duplex in the FDD band. In this case, the EH device operating in half-duplex may not expect ES reception or EH during T-Gap4. T-Gap4 can be set/specified as a separate parameter from T-Gap2, or (if there is no separate T-Gap4 setting) applied/replaced by the T-Gap2 value.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[Method of transmitting ES before the start of T=>R signal/channel transmission]

In the TDM ES transmission method, ES may have to be transmitted before the start time of T=>R signal/channel transmission. At this time, for EH for T=>R signal/channel transmission operation of EH device, R/base station transmits ES before the start time of T=>R signal/channel transmission, and T can perform T=>R signal/channel transmission operation from the time point of completion of EH using ES.

Depending on whether there is a time gap (T-Gap2) between the ES transmission section and the start time of T=>R signal/channel transmission, the following detailed methods are proposed.

(1) TDM with time gap

(1-1) T-Gap2 may be required for transmitter/receiver warm-up, transmitter/receiver state transition, etc. to start T=>R signal/channel transmission after EH through ES.

(1-2) T-Gap2 may be required for RF switching or link direction switching (e.g., DL-to-UL switching) of the EH device, and the T-Gap2 value may be determined/configured/indicated to include the RF switching or link direction switching time. For example, when transmitting ES in an FDD DL band of an LTE/NR/next-generation communication system and transmitting T=>R signal/channel in an FDD UL band, the T-Gap2 value may be determined/configured/indicated to include the link direction switching (e.g., DL-to-UL switching) time. Alternatively, the T-Gap2 setting considering the link direction switching (e.g., DL-to-UL switching) time may be set/supported/allowed only when the EH device operates in half-duplex in the FDD band. In this case, the EH device operating in half-duplex may not be expected to receive ES or EH during T-Gap2.

(1-3) Through T-Gap2, it is expected that the system efficiency will be increased through R/base station power reduction and resource recycling.

(1-4) The EH device may not expect/assume ES transmission during the requested or configured/instructed/allowed T-Gap2 if the EH device operates in half-duplex.

(1-5) The required T-Gap2 value may be different depending on the Ambient IoT device type/class. For R/base station scheduling, or resource recycling, for example, to determine the device (type/class)-specific timing of ES or T=>R signal/channel transmission, T may need to report the required T-Gap2 information to the R/base station. Or, the R/base station may need to collect the required T-Gap2 information from T (during the initial connection process or after the connection). The required T-Gap2 information can be replaced with the device type/class information by the fixed required T-Gap2 value for each device type/class.

(2) TDM w/o time gap

(2-1) There may be cases where setting T-Gap2 is unnecessary for the purposes mentioned above. For example, there may be cases where it is difficult to set it to a single value due to factors such as different T-Gap2 requirements for each EH device (type/class), or where it is difficult for the R/base station to recycle resources during T-Gap2.

(2-2) In cases where it is difficult to set/indicate a single value and apply it due to different T-Gap2 requirements for each EH device (type/class), or where it is difficult for the R/base station to recycle resources during T-Gap2, etc., the TDM ES transmission method can be applied without a time gap.

(2-3) This may be the case when the T-Gap2 setting value is set to 0.

In the example of Fig. 16, a time gap (T-Gap3) may be required for RF switching between the R=>T signal/channel and the ES. The T-Gap3 value can be determined/set/indicated to include the RF switching time. At this time, T-Gap3 may be set/indicated regardless of the frequency positions of the R=>T signal/channel and the ES, or may be set/indicated only when the difference between the two values is greater than a specific value. The specific value may be determined by the RF/baseband bandwidth of the Ambient IoT device. Alternatively, T-Gap3 may be set/indicated only when the frequency span including the R=>T signal/channel and the ES exceeds the RF/baseband bandwidth of the Ambient IoT device. T-Gap3 may be set/indicated as a separate parameter from T-Gap1, or (if there is no separate T-Gap3 setting) may be applied/replaced with the T-Gap1 value.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a TDM ES transmission method in an NR licensed FDD band in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[Method of transmitting ES before the start of R=>T signal/channel transmission or before the start of T=>R signal/channel transmission]

In the TDM ES transmission method, for EH for the R=>T signal/channel reception operation or T=>R signal/channel transmission operation of the EH device, the R/base station transmits ES before the start of R=>T signal/channel transmission or the start of T=>R signal/channel transmission, and T can perform the R=>T signal/channel reception operation or the T=>R signal/channel transmission operation from the time when EH is completed using the ES.

[How to set the time gap parameter(s)]

In the above methods, time gap parameters such as T-Gap1, T-Gap2, T-Gap3, and T-Gap4 may be values that are individually/independently requested/set/indicated, or may be values that are interrelated. In the former case, they may be defined as individual/independent parameters and may be reported/set/indicated respectively. In the latter case, for example, some parameter(s) among the time gap parameters may be defined/set, and the remaining parameter(s) may be calculated/inferred from the defined/set parameter(s).

- E.g., after defining the relationship between T-Gap1 and T-Gap2 in the form of T-Gap2 = X*T-Gap1 or T-Gap1 = Y*T-Gap2, you can determine T-Gap2 or T-Gap1 by setting only T-Gap1 or T-Gap2, respectively. At this time, the values of X and Y can each be one of the integer values greater than 0. If X or Y is 1, they can be the same value.

Information required to support TDM ES transmission methods including T-Gap1, T-Gap2, T-Gap3, T-Gap4, etc. can be set/instructed by the R/base station to Ambient IoT devices in a device-specific, device-common, or broadcast signaling manner. In addition, information required to support these TDM ES transmission methods can be set/instructed in a manner such as broadcast signaling (e.g., system information including SIB1), cell-specific/UE-specific RRC signaling, or dynamic (e.g., MAC CE, DCI) signaling of the corresponding communication system in order to avoid/control interference/collision when using resources in the coexisting communication system (LTE, NR, or next-generation communication system), for example, for rate-matching purposes in the NR system.

[TD window ES transmission method] ES transmission method based on Time-Domain window

The TD window ES transmission method may be a method of defining a specific time period (TD window) from the start/end time of ES transmission or the end time of the ES transmission section/occasion, and omitting ES transmission when (additional) R=>T signal/channel transmission or T=>R signal/channel transmission occurs within the TD window. This method may be (additionally) applied to the above FDM/TDM transmission methods, and the effect of saving R/base station ES transmission resources can be expected.

To implement such behavior, a TD window for ES transmission or transmission omission can be defined and operated. The TD window can be set/indicated (by EH device type/class) considering the EH requirement of the EH device (type/class), and for this, the EH device can report its EH device type/class information, EH requirement-related information, or directly supported/preferred TD window size, etc. to the R/base station.

In the above FDM, TDM, and TD window-based ES transmission methods, ES transmission resources can be set/allocated/instructed periodically (during a specific time interval). Here, the meaning of "periodically" may include the meaning of "periodically repeating a specific pattern". This may be for the purpose of supporting/triggering periodic R<=>T communication, or to cause the EH device to perform the EH operation periodically by periodically transmitting the ES, or to always maintain the EH device in a state where R<=>T communication is possible (during a specific time interval) depending on the period setting.

In order to support such periodic setting/allocation/instruction, the R/base station can set/allocate/instruct a cycle (PES) and an ES transmission interval (DES) for each cycle, or an ES transmission pattern (within the cycle and the cycle). For example, if such periodic ES transmission cycle setting is called ES cycle setting, T can periodically receive ES and perform EH operation based on this ES cycle setting value {PES, DES}. The R/base station can operate by setting/allocating/instructing one or more of these ES cycles. In this case, each ES cycle can have a different {PEH, DEH} value, which can be for the purpose of supporting different device types/classes and/or various traffic. Traffic can be defined, for example, by a cycle, amount, pattern, etc. of data (to be collected).

In addition, in order to support EH operation through periodic ES reception of the EH device, the size of the continuous R<=>T signal/channel transmission/reception interval can be limited to a specific time (including the case where the EH operation must be performed after this specific time), or EH through ES can be set/instructed/allowed to be performed during a specific time interval (by setting a time gap) at a specific period.

ES Resource Setting/Allocation Method

In order to set up/allocate ES transmission resources for supporting EH devices, a device-specific ES resource setting/allocation method and a device-common ES resource setting/allocation method are proposed. The ES resource setting/allocation method and/or the ES transmission method can be applied to all EH devices, e.g., Devices A/B/C, or can be applied only to an EH device that supports operations based on such setting/allocation or is capable of independent signal generation, e.g., Device C.

Next, we explain each proposed method.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a device-specific ES resource setting method in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a device-specific ES resource setting method in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[Device-specific ES resource setting method]

In the case of device-specific ES resource setting method, DL/UL resources for data communication and separate ES resources can be set/instructed and operated for each device. Although it is device-specific in setting, it can include a case where the R/base station operates shared/common ES resources between T/Ambient IoT devices through the same setting. DL/UL resources for Ambient IoT data communication can be operated by setting DL and UL separately (example of Fig. 18) or by setting only one of DL and UL (example of Fig. 19).

[Example of Fig. 18] Example of Device C (T=>R independent signal generation)

- For device types/classes that perform UL transmission by creating a DL channel/signal and a separate UL channel/signal, such as Device C, DL and UL resources can be set and operated separately. Therefore, in this case, if separate ES transmission resources are also considered, {ES, DL, UL} resources can be set and operated separately for each device. DL can be interpreted/replaced as R=>T, and UL can be interpreted/replaced as T=>R. (See Terminology above)

[Example of Fig. 19] Example of Device A/B (T=>R backscatter modulation)

- In the case of a device type that performs UL transmission via backscatter modulation, such as Device A/B, DL and UL resources can be operated by setting only one of DL and UL, or in the form of DL/UL common resources, without setting them separately. In this case, one of the resources set can be a CW resource for backscattering, which can be interpreted/replaced with an R<=>T transmission resource as in Fig. 19. As a result, in this case, if ES transmission resources are also considered, {ES, DL/UL} or {ES, CW} resources can be set and operated separately for each device.

[Device-common ES resource setting method]

In the case of the device-common ES resource configuration method, the R/base station configures/indicates common/shared resources for ES transmission, and multiple EH devices can perform EH operations through ES reception via the configured/indicated common resources. The device-common configuration method may include a cell-specific configuration method and a group-specific configuration method. For example, the R/base station can configure/indicate ES transmission resources in the cell-specific configuration method so that all EH devices in the cell can perform EH via the same configured/indicated ES transmission resources.

In the case of cell-specific configuration, specific time/freq resources can be allocated and used for ES transmission in a cell supporting EH devices.

Alternatively, the R/base station can configure/instruct ES transmission resources for each device group or for a specific device group in a device group-specific configuration manner, thereby allowing EH devices to perform EH operations through the configured/instructed ES transmission resources. In order to configure/instruct ES transmission resources for each EH device in the device group-specific configuration manner, EH devices can be allocated a device group ID to which they belong in advance, and each device group-specific ES resource configuration can include group ID(s) for which the use of the corresponding ES resource is configured/instructed/allowed. If the device group-specific ES resource configuration does not include a device group ID, the ES resource may be configured/instructed/allowed for all EH devices. For example, in this case, both group-specific ES resource configuration/instruction and cell-specific ES resource configuration/instruction can be supported depending on whether a group ID is included using a single device group-specific ES resource configuration manner.

To support multi-cell/TRP operation, coordination of ES transmission resources between cells/TRPs may be required. For example, since securing ES SNR is the most important issue for EH purposes, rather than interference between cells/TRPs (although interference may be helpful), in multi-cell/TRP operation, multiple cells/TRPs may be allowed to transmit or allow to transmit the same ES with the same time/freq resources. In this case, the device-common configuration may be cell-/TRP-common, not cell-/TRP-specific. That is, instead of configuring/indicating the same time/freq resources for each cell, it may include cell/TRP ID information(s) that transmit ES using the corresponding resources together with the common time/freq resource configuration in the device-common ES configuration.

The device group-specific ES resource configuration method can be used for the purpose of configuring/instructing/allowing ES resources to be used by EH device type/class when multiple EH device types/classes exist in the same cell. For example, it can be used for the purpose of supporting Ambient IoT device types/classes with different EH requirements in the same cell. The EH requirement can be defined as the amount of EH required for an EH device to perform an R=>T signal/channel reception or T=>R signal/channel transmission operation, or how much time/freq interval an ES should be received/accumulated for such operation, etc.

(1) For example, group-specific ES configuration 1 can be separately set and operated for a device group (type/class) with high EH requirement (i.e., requiring a large amount of EH), and group-specific ES configuration 2 can be separately set and operated for a device group (type/class) with low EH requirement (i.e., requiring a small amount of EH). More generally, N device group-specific ES resource configurations can be operated by considering N different device types/classes requiring EH requirements.

(1-1) For example, among Device A/B/C, Device C may belong to a device type/class with a high EH requirement, and Device A may be classified as a device type/class with a low EH requirement. Device B may be classified as a type/class like Device A in terms of EH requirement, or may be classified as a type/class with a higher EH requirement than Device A, such as the same type/class as Device C, depending on the capacitor capacity of Device B.

(1-2) R/base station can set/instruct/allow device group-to-ES resource mapping considering device type/class-specific characteristics in terms of these EH requirements. For example, when operating two device group-specific ES resource configurations, configuration 1 can include group 1 consisting of Device Cs, and configuration 2 can include group 2 consisting of Device A/B. Or, in the above example, when N=3, configurations 1, 2, and 3 can be mapped to Device A, B, and C types/classes, respectively.

In case multiple EH device types/classes are to be supported in the same cell, as an alternative to the device group-specific setting, the same ES transmission resources can be set/indicated/allowed in a cell-specific setting manner, but ES time/freq resources used for EH can be set/indicated/allowed differently for each device type/class.

(2) For example, for device types/classes with high EH requirement, EH can be configured/instructed/allowed to be performed using all of the cell-specific ES configuration resources, and for device types/classes with low EH requirement, EH can be configured/instructed/allowed to be performed using only a portion of them.

(3) For example, it may include cases where the same frequency location/bandwidth is set for all device types/classes, but EH is performed using different time intervals for each device type/class, or cases where all device types/classes use the same time interval, but EH is performed using different frequency locations/bandwidths for each device type/class.

(4) For the above operation, the R/base station can set ES transmission resources by assuming a specific device type/class when setting cell-specific ES resources. The specific device type/class can be, for example, the most advanced or the device type/class with the highest EH requirement among the device types/classes within the cell or from which information is to be collected. For example, in case of supporting Device A/B/C, the cell-specific ES transmission resources can be set based on Device C (of EH requirement).

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a Device-common ES resource setting method in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

[Example of Figure 20] Example of Device-common ES resource setting method

- In case of a device type that performs UL transmission via backscatter modulation, such as Device A/B, DL/UL or R<=>T resources or CW resources are set for each device, but ES resources can be set cell-specifically or device group-specifically to perform EH. Fig. 20 illustrates a case where the reader (performing R<=>T transmission) and the BS/node/UE supplying the ES are different, but may include a case where the left BS and the right BS/node/UE of Fig. 20 are the same BS/node/UE.

[Hybrid ES resource setup method]

In the case of the Hybrid ES resource setting method, it can be a method of operating by using both device-specific ES resource settings and device-common ES resource settings at the same time. In this case, the Ambient IoT device first checks whether the device-specific ES setting exists, and if the device-specific ES setting exists, it performs EH through the ES resource set/instructed/allowed in the setting, and if not, it can perform the EH operation through the ES resource set/instructed/allowed in the device-common ES setting.

Alternatively, an Ambient IoT device can perform EH by using device-common ES configuration resources by default, and additionally perform EH by using device-specific ES configuration resources if device-specific ES configuration resources exist. At this time, the device-specific ES configuration resource can mean an additional EH resource that the R/base station additionally sets in addition to the device-common ES configuration resources in consideration of the EH requirement of the EH device or to shorten the EH time. At this time, the device-common ES configuration resource can be based on the lightest or the device type/class with the lowest EH requirement (e.g., Device A). For advanced or the device type/class with the highest EH requirement (e.g., Device C), both the device-common ES configuration resource and the device-specific (additional) ES configuration resources can be used to perform the EH operation. The device-common ES configuration resource and the device-specific ES configuration resource can be set/indicated/allowed in the form of FDM/TDM.

ES transmitted through device-common ES settings and ES transmitted through device-specific ES settings are considered in consideration of overall ET efficiency, efficient use of resources, impact on coexisting systems, etc.

(1) Waveform parameters (e.g., different number of tones) can be set individually/independently.

(1-1) Through the device-common ES setting, the minimum resources (e.g., single-tone) can be set/indicated/allowed, and through the device-specific ES setting, additional resources (e.g., additional tone(s), ultimately, the device can perform EH operation through multi-tone ES through the device-common and device-specific settings) can be set/indicated/allowed. This method is expected to have the effect of minimizing the use of resources for ES transmission by expanding the use of resources for ES transmission only when necessary.

(1-2) Alternatively, multi-tone ES can be set/indicated/allowed through device-common ES settings, and (additional) single-/multi-tone ES can be set/indicated/allowed through device-specific settings. This method is also expected to have the effect of minimizing resource usage for ES transmission by setting/indicating/allowing basic multi-tone ES through device-common ES settings, and setting/indicating/allowing additional ES only when there is a device that requires additional EH requirements.

(2) In addition, ES transmission power, ES transmission duty cycle (information on the section in which ES is actually transmitted within the cycle), ES transmission periodicity, etc. can be set individually/independently.

(3) For the above individual/independent settings, ES transmission-related parameters such as ES waveform (e.g., number of tones), transmission power, ES transmission duty cycle, ES periodicity, etc. can be defined and included in the device-common and device-specific ES settings.

Alternatively, the R/base station can select between device-specific and device-common ES configuration methods and signal the selected configuration method to EH devices. The signaling method can be device-specific, device-common, or broadcast signaling.

All or part of the parameters (e.g., frequency location/bandwidth and transmission section information) of the above ES resource configuration/allocation information and/or the configuration/allocation information to support ES transmission methods for EH device support may be configured/indicated in a manner such as broadcast signaling (e.g., system information including SIB1), cell-specific/UE-specific RRC signaling, or dynamic (e.g., MAC CE, DCI) signaling of the corresponding communication system in order to avoid/control interference/collision when using resources in a coexisting communication system (LTE, NR, or next-generation communication system), for example, for rate-matching purposes in an NR system.

Alternatively, all or part of the parameters (e.g., frequency location/bandwidth and transmission section information) of the ES resource configuration/allocation information and/or the configuration/allocation information for supporting ES transmission methods for EH device support may be transmitted/configured/allocated/instructed by the base station to R, which is the ES transmission entity, when R transmitting the ES is not a base station but an intermediate node, assisting node, UE, etc.

[Description related to claim of first device (Tag/ambient IoT device or terminal (user equipment, UE))]

The embodiments described below are specifically described with reference to FIG. 21 in terms of the operation of the first device (Tag/ambient IoT device or user equipment (UE)). The methods described below are distinguished only for the convenience of explanation, and it goes without saying that some components of one method may be substituted for some components of another method, or may be applied in combination with each other, as long as they are not mutually exclusive.

FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation process of a first device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

At step S2110, the first device receives a multiplexed energizing signal (ES) and a first link signal from the second device.

At step S2120, the first device transmits a second link signal to the second device.

The above ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed. The ES is based on CW (carrier wave), and the ES is related to energy supply to the first device.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the waveform of the ES may be based on a single tone or multi tones.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal can be time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed using a time gap or a frequency gap.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiment of FIG. 21 may further include a step of receiving setting information related to the ES from the second device.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the ES can be received based on the configuration information. The configuration information can be related to one or more of a transmission period of the ES, a transmission pattern, the time gap, and the frequency gap.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the first link signal and the second link signal can be frequency-based multiplexed using the ES and the frequency gap.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the time gap may include one or more of a first time gap and a second time gap. The ES may be received prior to reception of the first link signal by the first time gap. Alternatively, the ES may be received prior to transmission of the second link signal by the second time gap after reception of the first link signal.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiment of FIG. 21 may further include a step of receiving a broadcast signal related to a resource of the ES from the second node.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the broadcast signal may be related to avoidance of interference or collision with other devices with respect to the resource of the ES.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a first device is provided in a wireless communication system. The first device includes a transceiver and at least one processor, and the at least one processor can be configured to perform a method of operating the first device according to FIG. 21.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, an apparatus for controlling a first device in a wireless communication system is provided. The apparatus includes at least one processor and at least one memory operably connected to the at least one processor. The at least one memory may be configured to store instructions for performing an operating method of the first device according to FIG. 21 based on being executed by the at least one processor.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more non-transitory computer readable media (CRM) storing one or more instructions are provided. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors, perform operations, the operations may include a method of operating a first device according to FIG. 21.

[Description related to claim of the second device (Reader/interrogator or base station (BS))]

The embodiments described below are specifically described with reference to FIG. 22 in terms of the operation of the second device (Reader/interrogator or base station (BS)). The methods described below are distinguished only for the convenience of explanation, and it goes without saying that some components of one method may be substituted for some components of another method or may be applied in combination with each other, as long as they are not mutually exclusive.

FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation process of a second device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

At step S2210, the second device transmits a multiplexed energizing signal (ES) and a first link signal to the first device.

At step S2220, the second device receives a second link signal from the first device.

The above ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed. The ES is based on CW (carrier wave), and the ES is related to energy supply to the first device.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the waveform of the ES may be based on a single tone or multi tones.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal can be time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed using a time gap or a frequency gap.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiment of FIG. 22 may further include a step of transmitting setting information related to the ES to the first device.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the ES may be transmitted based on the configuration information. The configuration information may be related to one or more of a transmission period of the ES, a transmission pattern, the time gap, and the frequency gap.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the first link signal and the second link signal can be frequency-based multiplexed using the ES and the frequency gap.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the time gap may include one or more of a first time gap and a second time gap. The ES may be transmitted prior to transmission of the first link signal at the first time gap. Alternatively, the ES may be transmitted prior to reception of the second link signal after transmission of the first link signal at the second time gap.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiment of FIG. 22 may further include a step of transmitting a broadcast signal related to a resource of the ES.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the broadcast signal may be related to avoidance of interference or collision with other devices with respect to the resource of the ES.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a second device is provided in a wireless communication system. The second device includes a transceiver and at least one processor, and the at least one processor can be configured to perform a method of operating the second device according to FIG. 22.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, an apparatus for controlling a second device in a wireless communication system is provided. The apparatus includes at least one processor and at least one memory operably connected to the at least one processor. The at least one memory may be configured to store instructions for performing an operating method of the second device according to FIG. 22 based on being executed by the at least one processor.

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more non-transitory computer readable media (CRM) storing one or more instructions are provided. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors, perform operations, the operations including a method of operating a second device according to FIG. 22.

Wireless devices applicable to the present disclosure

Below, examples of wireless devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied are described.

FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a first device and a second device in a system applicable to the present disclosure.

The first device (1600) may include a processor (1610), an antenna unit (1620), a transceiver (1630), and a memory (1640).

The processor (1610) performs baseband-related signal processing and may include an upper layer processing unit (1611) and a physical layer processing unit (1615). The upper layer processing unit (1611) may process operations of a MAC layer, an RRC layer, or higher layers. The physical layer processing unit (1615) may process operations of a PHY layer. For example, when the first device (1600) is a base station device in base station-terminal communication, the physical layer processing unit (1615) may perform uplink reception signal processing, downlink transmission signal processing, etc. For example, when the first device (1600) is a first terminal device in terminal-to-terminal communication, the physical layer processing unit (1615) may perform downlink reception signal processing, uplink transmission signal processing, sidelink transmission signal processing, etc. In addition to performing baseband-related signal processing, the processor (1610) may also control the overall operation of the first device (1600).

The antenna unit (1620) may include one or more physical antennas, and when it includes multiple antennas, it may support MIMO transmission and reception. The transceiver (1630) may include an RF (Radio Frequency) transmitter and an RF receiver. The memory (1640) may store information processed by the processor (1610), and software, an operating system, applications, etc. related to the operation of the first device (1600), and may also include components such as a buffer.

The processor (1610) of the first device (1600) may be configured to implement operations of the base station in base station-to-terminal communication (or operations of the first terminal device in terminal-to-terminal communication) in the embodiments described in the present disclosure.

The second device (1650) may include a processor (1660), an antenna unit (1670), a transceiver (1680), and a memory (1690).

The processor (1660) performs baseband-related signal processing and may include a higher layer processing unit (1661) and a physical layer processing unit (1665). The higher layer processing unit (1661) may process operations of a MAC layer, an RRC layer, or higher layers. The physical layer processing unit (1665) may process operations of a PHY layer. For example, when the second device (1650) is a terminal device in base station-terminal communication, the physical layer processing unit (1665) may perform downlink reception signal processing, uplink transmission signal processing, etc. For example, when the second device (1650) is a second terminal device in terminal-to-terminal communication, the physical layer processing unit (1665) may perform downlink reception signal processing, uplink transmission signal processing, sidelink reception signal processing, etc. In addition to performing baseband-related signal processing, the processor (1660) may also control the overall operation of the second device (1660).

The antenna unit (1670) may include one or more physical antennas, and when it includes multiple antennas, it may support MIMO transmission and reception. The transceiver (1680) may include an RF transmitter and an RF receiver. The memory (1690) may store information processed by the processor (1660), and software, an operating system, applications, etc. related to the operation of the second device (1650), and may also include components such as a buffer.

The processor (1660) of the second device (1650) may be configured to implement operations of the terminal in base station-to-terminal communication (or operations of the second terminal device in terminal-to-terminal communication) in the embodiments described in the present disclosure.

In the operation of the first device (1600) and the second device (1650), the same explanations given for the base station and the terminal (or the first terminal and the second terminal in the terminal-to-terminal communication) in the examples of the present disclosure may be applied, and any duplicate explanations are omitted.

Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the device (1600, 1650) of the present disclosure may include various other wireless communication technologies as well as LTE, NR, and 6G.

The claims described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and implemented as a method. In addition, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims (20)

In a method performed by a first device, A step of receiving a multiplexed ES (energizing signal) and a first link signal from a second device; comprising a step of transmitting a second link signal to the second device; The above ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed, The above ES is based on CW (carrier wave), and the ES is related to energy supply to the first device. method. In the first paragraph, The waveform of the above ES is based on a single tone or multi tone. method. In the first paragraph, The above ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed using a time gap or a frequency gap. method. In the third paragraph, Further comprising a step of receiving setting information related to the ES from the second device, The above ES is received based on the above setting information, The above setting information is related to one or more of the transmission period, transmission pattern, time gap, and frequency gap of the ES. method. In the fourth paragraph, The first link signal and the second link signal are frequency-based multiplexed using the ES and the frequency gap. method. In the fourth paragraph, The above time gap includes at least one of a first time gap and a second time gap, The above ES is received prior to the first time gap than the reception of the first link signal, or The above ES is received prior to the second time gap before the transmission of the second link signal after the reception of the first link signal. method. In the first paragraph, Further comprising a step of receiving a broadcast signal related to the resource of the ES from the second node, The above broadcast signal is related to avoiding interference or collision with other devices with respect to the above resources of the ES. method. In a method performed by a second device, A step of transmitting a multiplexed ES (energizing signal) and a first link signal to a first device; comprising a step of receiving a second link signal from the first device; The above ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed, The above ES is based on CW (carrier wave), and the ES is related to energy supply to the first device. method. In Article 8, The waveform of the above ES is based on a single tone or multi tone. method. In Article 8, The above ES, the first link signal, and the second link signal are time-based multiplexed or frequency-based multiplexed using a time gap or a frequency gap. method. In Article 10, Further comprising a step of transmitting setting information related to the ES to the first device; The above ES is transmitted based on the above setting information, The above setting information is related to one or more of the transmission period, transmission pattern, time gap, and frequency gap of the ES. method. In Article 11, The first link signal and the second link signal are frequency-based multiplexed using the ES and the frequency gap. method. In Article 11, The above time gap includes at least one of a first time gap and a second time gap, The above ES is transmitted prior to the transmission of the first link signal, or the first time gap; The above ES is transmitted prior to the second time gap before the reception of the second link signal after the transmission of the first link signal. method. In Article 8, Further comprising a step of transmitting a broadcast signal related to the resource of the above ES, The above broadcast signal is related to avoiding interference or collision with other devices with respect to the above resources of the ES. method. In the first device, Transmitter and receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory operably connectable to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by said at least one processor, perform operations; The above actions are, Comprising all steps of a method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, Device 1. In the second device, Transmitter and receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory operably connectable to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by said at least one processor, perform operations; The above actions are, Comprising all steps of a method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, Second device. In a control device that controls the first device, at least one processor; and comprising at least one memory operably connected to at least one of said processors; The at least one memory stores instructions for performing operations based on being executed by the at least one processor, The above actions are, Comprising all steps of a method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, controller. In a control device that controls a second device, at least one processor; and comprising at least one memory operably connected to at least one of said processors; The at least one memory stores instructions for performing operations based on being executed by the at least one processor, The above actions are, Comprising all steps of a method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, controller. In one or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions, The one or more instructions perform operations based on being executed by one or more processors, The above actions are, Comprising all steps of a method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, Computer readable medium. In one or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions, The one or more instructions perform operations based on being executed by one or more processors, The above actions are, Comprising all steps of a method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, Computer readable medium.

Images