WO2025069362A1 - Operation display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is an operation display apparatus that makes it possible to form (write) and edit a magnetic pattern at any time while confirming an operating state of a device installed in a display part while moving a magnetic sheet. This operation display apparatus comprises: a magnetic sheet drive part that moves a magnetic sheet; a drawing window part in which a magnetic visualization sheet that is a sheet for visualizing a magnetic pattern is disposed on the magnetic sheet, and the magnetic pattern is written by a magnet from above the magnetic visualization sheet; and a display part in which a device that is magnetically operated on the magnetic sheet is disposed.

Description

Operation indicator

The present invention relates to a motion display device.

If the three-dimensional axes are the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis, a conventionally known pin display has multiple pins arranged so that the axial direction of each pin is the z-direction and the set of x-coordinate values and y-coordinate values of the axis is different for each pin, and in the non-display state, one end of all the pins (hereinafter referred to as the "top end") is located on the same z-coordinate plane, and by applying a force acting in the z direction to a desired pin, the desired pin is moved in the z direction, and information is displayed by the three-dimensional point cloud formed by the top ends of the multiple pins.

In order to display information using a conventional pin display device, it was necessary to electrically control the electromagnets corresponding to each pin. In other words, the conventional pin display technology had the problem of requiring an electrical control mechanism involving a power source and wiring.
A pin display that solves these problems and does not require an electrical control mechanism involving a power source or wiring is known from Non-Patent Document 1.

Kentaro Yasu, “MagneShape: A Non-electrical Pin-Based Shape-Changing Display”, UIST ’22, 2022, pages 1 - 12.

In conventional technology, forming a magnetic pattern on a magnetic sheet requires the use of a dedicated pattern generator or magnetizer such as a plotting machine, and there is an issue that it is not possible to write, erase, or change the magnetic pattern at any time.
The present invention aims to provide an operational display device that can form (write) and modify magnetic patterns while checking the operating status of a device placed on the display unit at any time by moving a magnetic sheet.

One aspect of the present invention is an operational display device having a magnetic sheet drive unit that moves a magnetic sheet, a drawing window unit in which a magnetic visualization sheet that visualizes a magnetic pattern is placed on the magnetic sheet and a magnetic pattern is written from above the magnetic visualization sheet using a magnet, and a display unit in which a device that operates by magnetism is placed on the magnetic sheet.

According to the present invention, it is possible to form (write) and modify magnetic patterns while moving the magnetic sheet and checking the operating status of the device installed on the display unit at any time.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a pin display system 300 . FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a pin display system 300 . FIG. 3 is a side view illustrating a pin display system 300 . FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the housing 110 of the pin display device 100. As shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating the housing 110 of the pin display device 100, one pin 120 of the pin display device 100, and a state in which the pin 120 is inserted into the housing 110. As shown in FIG. Fig. 6A is a diagram illustrating the lower surface 121a of the pot magnet 121. Fig. 6B is a cross-sectional view illustrating the pot magnet 121. Fig. 6C is a cross-sectional view illustrating another example of the pot magnet 121. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the housing 110 of the pin display device 100. As shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the magnetization of the upper surface of the magnetic sheet and the magnetic flux density in the space near the upper surface of the magnetic sheet. Fig. 9A is a diagram showing a schematic example of a magnetic pattern of the magnetic sheet 200. Fig. 9B is a perspective view showing an example of a display state of the pin display device 100 when the magnetic pattern shown in Fig. 9A is magnetized on the magnetic sheet 200. Fig. 10A is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of another example of the magnetic pattern of the magnetic sheet 200. Fig. 10B is a perspective view showing an example of the display state of the pin display device 100 when the magnetic pattern shown in Fig. 10A is magnetized on the magnetic sheet 200. FIG. 11 is a side view illustrating a pin display system 301. FIG. 12 is a perspective view illustrating a pin display system 600 . FIG. 13 is a top view illustrating the housing 510 of the pin display device 500. As shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a housing 510 of the pin display device 500. As shown in FIG. FIG. 15 is a perspective view illustrating the pins 520-X1, 520-X2, and 520-X3 of the pin display device 500. As shown in FIG. Fig. 16A is a diagram for explaining the magnetic flux density B(d), and Fig. 16B is a diagram for explaining the magnetic flux density B(d, d'). 17A and 17B are diagrams for explaining the visibility of the pin display device, and FIG. 17C is a diagram showing the bottom surface of a magnet and the top surface of a rectangular pin. FIG. 18 is a perspective view illustrating a pin display system 1300 . FIG. 19 is a perspective view illustrating a housing 1110 of a pin display device, one pin 1120 of the pin display device, and the manner in which the pin 1120 is inserted into the housing 1110. As shown in FIG. FIG. 20A is a diagram showing an example in which the top surfaces of the pins are square, and FIG. 20B is a diagram showing an example in which the arrangement of the top surfaces of the pins in FIG. 20A is rotated by 45°. FIG. 21A is a diagram showing an example in which the upper surfaces of the pins are circular, and FIG. 21B is a diagram showing an example in which the arrangement of the upper surfaces of the pins in FIG. 21A is rotated by 90°. FIG. 22A is a diagram showing an example in which the upper surfaces of the pins are rhombic, and FIG. 22B is a diagram showing an example in which the arrangement of the upper surfaces of the pins in FIG. 22A is rotated by 90°. FIG. 23A is a diagram showing an example in which the upper surfaces of the pins are regular hexagonal, and FIG. 23B is a diagram showing an example in which the arrangement of the upper surfaces of the pins in FIG. 23A is rotated by 90°. FIG. 24A is a diagram showing an example in which the upper surfaces of the pins are equilateral triangles, and FIG. 24B is a diagram showing an example in which the arrangement of the upper surfaces of the pins in FIG. 24A is rotated by 90°. FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the housing 1110 of the pin display device 1100. FIG. 26 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the housing 1110 of the pin display device 1100. As shown in FIG. FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a housing 1110 and pins 1120 of a pin display device 1100. As shown in FIG. FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a housing 1110 and pins 1120 of a pin display device 1100. As shown in FIG. Fig. 29A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a housing 1110 and pins 1120 of a pin display device 1100. Fig. 29B is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a dashed line in Fig. 29A. FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a housing 1110 and pins 1120 of a pin display device 1100. As shown in FIG. FIG. 31A is a diagram showing the interference range M of the magnetic field of magnet 1121, and FIGS. 31B and 31C are diagrams showing examples of the arrangement of magnet 1121. FIG. 32A is a diagram showing an interference range M of the magnetic field of magnet 1121, and FIG. 32B is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of magnet 1121. FIG. 33A is a diagram showing the interference range M of the magnetic field of magnet 1121, and FIG. 33B is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of magnet 1121. FIG. 34 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between magnet strength and spacing. FIG. 35 is a diagram showing the relationship between the magnet diameter d, the distance D(d, m), and the pin weight m [g]. FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an example of a magnetic sheet 200, a magnetic pattern magnetized on the magnetic sheet 200, and a pin 1120. As shown in FIG. FIG. 37 is a diagram showing an example in which a small magnetic pattern passes between magnets 1121 and pin 1120 does not lift properly. FIG. 38 is a diagram showing an example in which magnets 1121 overlap in the α direction (x direction). FIG. 39A is a diagram showing an example of the display state of the pin display device 1100 in the arrangement example of FIG. 20A, and FIG. 39B is a diagram showing an example of the display state of the pin display device 1100 in the arrangement example of FIG. 20B. FIG. 40 is a perspective view illustrating the operation display device 2301. FIG. 41 is a side view illustrating the operation display device 2301. FIG. 42 is a diagram showing an example in which two drawing windows 2351 and a magnetic visualization sheet 2350 are arranged for one pin display device. FIG. 43 is a diagram showing an example of arranging two display units 2360 and a pin display device 1100 for the motion display device 2301 of FIG. FIG. 44 is a diagram showing an example of an operation display device 2301 including a lifting unit 2371 that lifts and lowers a magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370. FIG. 45 is a diagram showing an example in which the action display device 2301 is used in a game in which the player defeats an enemy. FIG. 46 is a diagram showing an example in which the motion display device 2301 is used in a game in which a ball is carried to a goal. 47A to 47D are diagrams for explaining the problems with the pin display device 1100. 48A to 48C are diagrams for explaining a method for solving the problems of the pin display device 1100. FIG. 49 is a diagram for explaining magnet arrangement and magnetic patterns. 50A to 50C are diagrams for explaining a method for solving the problems of the pin display device 1100. 51A to 51C are diagrams showing examples of devices that operate magnetically.

[First embodiment]
In the first embodiment, an example of a pin display system will be described. The pin display system 300 of the first embodiment includes a pin display device 100 and a magnetic sheet 200, as illustrated in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3. The pin display device 100 of the first embodiment includes a housing 110 and 25 pins 120. Hereinafter, the axes orthogonal to each other in the three-dimensional space will be described as the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The pin display device 100 and the magnetic sheet 200 are arranged so that the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are in contact with or in close proximity to each other. That is, the pin display device 100 is intended to be used as the pin display system 300 by bringing the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 into contact with or in close proximity to the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200. The upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is one of the two surfaces of the magnetic sheet 200. "Proximity" refers to a situation in which the pin display device 100 is affected by the magnetic field of the magnetic sheet 200 in a manner similar to the case where the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are in contact with each other, even though the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are not in contact with each other, such as when a thin-film object such as paper or cloth is placed on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 and the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 are in contact with each other. Note that the pin display device 100 of the first embodiment has 25 pins 120, but in consideration of the ease of viewing each figure, only one pin 120 of the pin display device 100 is given a reference number. The same applies to the reference numbers of multiple pins, multiple pin insertion holes, and each part of the pins and pin insertion holes in each figure described later. Since the pin display system 300 utilizes gravity to move the pins 120 in the negative z direction (i.e., the opposite direction to the direction indicated by the arrow indicating the z direction in Figures 1 to 3), it is preferable to use the direction of gravity as the negative z direction. That is, it is preferable for the pin display system 300 to have the x-axis and y-axis as two orthogonal axes in a horizontal plane. However, it is sufficient for the pin display system 300 to use the direction in which gravity at least acts as the negative z direction. That is, the pin display system 300 can be used even if the x-axis and y-axis are two orthogonal axes in a plane that is slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal plane.

<Housing 110>
As illustrated in Fig. 4, the housing 110 has an approximately rectangular parallelepiped shape with a lower surface 110a that is a plane perpendicular to the z direction and an upper surface 110b that is a plane parallel to the lower surface 110a in the positive direction of the z direction with respect to the lower surface 110a, and has 25 pin insertion holes 111. As illustrated in Fig. 5, each pin insertion hole 111 is a hole into which a pin 120 is inserted from the upper surface 110b side, a hole for allowing the approximately cylindrical pin 120 to move in the z direction, and is approximately cylindrical with a central axis in the z direction. As illustrated in Fig. 7, the two parallel approximately circular bottom surfaces of each approximately cylindrical pin insertion hole 111 are an upper surface 111b within the upper surface 110b of the housing 110 and a lower surface 111a that is a plane perpendicular to the z direction and in the negative direction of the z direction with respect to the cylindrical upper surface 111b. The 25 pin insertion holes 111 are arranged at different positions on a plane perpendicular to the z direction, and specifically, the 25 pin insertion holes 111 are arranged in a 5×5 matrix, with 5 holes at equal intervals in the x direction and 5 holes at equal intervals in the y direction. The material of the housing 110 is a material that does not block or reduce magnetic field lines, does not control the path of magnetic field lines, and does not generate magnetic field lines, such as plastic, resin, or paper. The diameter of the approximately cylindrical shape of each pin insertion hole 111 is set in advance by experiment or the like as a value slightly larger than the diameter of the approximately cylindrical shape of the pin 120 so that the approximately cylindrical pin 120 can easily move in both the positive and negative directions in the z direction, but hardly moves in the x and y directions.

<Pin 120>
5, each pin 120 is inserted into each pin insertion hole 111 of the housing 110, and has a substantially cylindrical outer shape with one end being a substantially circular lower surface 120a and the other end being an upper surface 120b that is a plane parallel to the lower surface 110a. Each pin 120 is provided with a pot magnet 121 at one end with the opening of the container (pot) facing outward, and is inserted into each pin insertion hole 111 of the housing 110 with the end provided with the pot magnet 121 facing in the negative z direction.

The pot magnet 121 is a permanent magnet 1211 fixed inside a container 1212 made of a material with high magnetic permeability and an opening 1212a on one side, as shown in Fig. 6A (bottom view) and Fig. 6B (cross section taken along the dashed line in Fig. 6A), with one pole 1211b of the permanent magnet 1211 in contact with a contact surface 1212b on the inside of the container 1212, and the other pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 exposed from the opening 1212a of the container 1212 on the bottom side 121a of the pot magnet 121. Examples of materials with high magnetic permeability include iron and stainless steel. A low permeability layer 1213, which is a layer of a material with low magnetic permeability, is provided between the non-pole part of the permanent magnet 1211 and the container 1212 to prevent the non-pole part of the permanent magnet 1211 from coming into contact with the container 1212 and short-circuiting the magnetic lines of force. Examples of materials with low magnetic permeability include resin, paper, and air. The permanent magnet 1211 is fixed to the container 1212 by using the attractive force generated between the pole 1211b of the permanent magnet 1211 and the contact surface 1212b of the container 1212, or by using an adhesive. In general, the permanent magnet 1211 and the container 1212 are often bonded together with an adhesive with strong adhesive strength so that they cannot be easily peeled off.

The bottom surface 121a of the pot magnet 121 is formed by the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211, the opening 1212a of the container 1212 that surrounds the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211, and the bottom surface 1213a of the low permeability layer 1213 that is between the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 and the opening 1212a of the container 1212. However, as mentioned above, the low permeability layer 1213 may be a layer of air, so the bottom surface 1213a of the low permeability layer 1213 may be invisible. In other words, the bottom surface 121a of the pot magnet 121 may be formed by the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 and the opening 1212a of the container 1212 that surrounds the pole 1211a so as not to come into contact with the pole 1211a. On the lower surface 121a of the pot magnet 121, the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 and the opening 1212a of the container 1212 may be on the same plane as shown in FIG. 6B, but may not be on the same plane. As shown in FIG. 6C, the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 may be slightly closer to the inside of the container 1212 than the opening 1212a of the container 1212. For example, the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 may be 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm closer to the inside of the container 1212 than the opening 1212a of the container 1212. In addition, if the lower surface 1213a of the low permeable layer 1213 is clearly present, the lower surface 1213a of the low permeable layer 1213 is in the same plane as the opening 1212a of the container 1212 or is closer to the inside of the container 1212 than the opening 1212a of the container 1212.

In the following, in order to simplify the explanation, unless otherwise explicitly stated, an example will be described in which the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211, the opening 1212a of the container 1212, and the lower surface 1213a of the low magnetic permeability layer 1213 are on the same plane as illustrated in FIG. 6B, i.e., an example in which the lower surface 121a of the pot magnet 121 is a circular flat surface, i.e., an example in which the lower surface 120a of the pin 120 is flat and the pin 120 is cylindrical.

The containers 1212 of the pot magnets 121 provided in all pins 120 are made of the same material and have the same shape. The permanent magnets 1211 of the pot magnets 121 provided in all pins 120 are made of the same material, shape, and strength. The poles 1211a of the permanent magnets 1211 of the pot magnets 121 provided in all pins 120 are the same pole (e.g., N pole). Each pot magnet 121 is provided on the underside 120a of each pin 120 with the underside 121a of the pot magnet 121 facing outward. In other words, each pot magnet 121 is provided on the underside 120a of each pin 120 so that the underside 121a of the pot magnet 121 faces the underside 120a of the pin 120. For example, each pin 120 may be configured so that the underside 121a, which is a circular flat surface of each pot magnet 121, is the underside 120a, which is one of the circular flat surfaces of the pin 120. When the external magnetic field is small enough that its effect can be ignored, the lower surface 120a of each pin 120 is in contact with the lower surface 111a of each pin insertion hole 111 of the housing 110 due to gravity. When the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 come into contact with or approach each other, if there is a repulsive force due to the magnetic force generated between each pot magnet 121 of each pin 120 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, each pin 120 moves in the positive direction of the z direction (i.e., in a direction that includes at least the direction opposite to gravity) due to the repulsive force. For this reason, each pot magnet 121 provided on each pin 120 needs to emit a magnetic field that can move each pin 120 in the positive direction of the z direction due to the repulsive force generated between the pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200.

The length of each pin 120 (i.e., the height of the cylinder of each pin 120) is the same as the depth of each pin insertion hole 111 (i.e., the height of the cylinder of each pin insertion hole 111) or is longer than the depth (length) of each pin insertion hole 111. When the direction opposite to the z direction is the direction in which gravity acts at least and the effect of the external magnetic field is small enough to be negligible, the upper surface 120b of each pin 120 is at the same z coordinate position as the upper surface 111b of the pin insertion hole 111, or at a position having a predetermined z coordinate in the forward direction from the upper surface 111b of the pin insertion hole 111. In other words, when the direction opposite to the z direction is the direction in which gravity acts at least and the effect of the external magnetic field is small enough to be negligible, the upper surfaces 120b of all pins 120 are at the same height as the upper surface 110b of the housing 110, or the upper surfaces 120b of all pins 120 are at a certain predetermined height higher than the upper surface 110b of the housing 110. The plane formed by the top surfaces 120b of all the pins 120 when the effect of this external magnetic field is small enough to be negligible corresponds to a state in which the pin display device 100 is not displaying anything. Note that since the pin display device 100 displays information using a three-dimensional point cloud formed by the top surfaces 120b of all the pins 120, it is not essential that the top surfaces 120b of each pin 120 are flat, and for example, the top surfaces 120b of each pin 120 may include an opening.

Each pin 120 moves in the positive z direction due to the repulsive force of the magnetic force generated between each pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200. In order to provide more variation in the display by the pin display device 100, it is better for each pin 120 to have a larger maximum amount of movement in the z direction. However, if the maximum amount of movement of each pin 120 in the z direction is greater than the depth of each pin insertion hole 111 (i.e., the height of the cylindrical shape of each pin insertion hole 111), the pin 120 will pop out of the pin insertion hole 111 when the amount of movement of the pin 120 in the z direction reaches its maximum. Therefore, the depth of each pin insertion hole 111 needs to be greater than the maximum amount of movement of each pin 120 in the z direction, and the length of each pin 120 needs to be greater than the maximum amount of movement of each pin 120 in the z direction.

However, if a commercially available general pot magnet is used for each pot magnet 121 of each pin 120, it is often impossible to make the length of each pin 120 greater than the maximum amount of movement of each pin 120. In such cases, it is recommended that each pin 120 be provided with a spacer 122, which is a part other than the pot magnet 121. Each spacer 122 should not block or reduce magnetic field lines, should not control the path of magnetic field lines, should not generate magnetic field lines, and should be as lightweight as possible so as not to impede the movement of each pin 120 in the positive z direction due to the magnetic repulsive force generated between each pot magnet 121 and the magnetic sheet 200. For example, it is recommended that the spacer 122 be made of plastic or paper that contains a large hollow portion like a straw.

<Relationship between strength and spacing of pot magnets 121>
The pin display device 100 moves a desired pin 120 among all the pins 120 provided in the pin display device 100 in the positive direction in the z direction by the repulsive force due to the magnetic force generated between the pot magnet 121 provided in the pin 120 and the magnetic sheet 200, thereby displaying information by a three-dimensional point cloud formed by the upper surfaces 120b of all the pins 120 provided in the pin display device 100. In order to increase the displayable range in the z direction by the pin display device 100, it is sufficient to increase the movable range in the z direction by the pin display device 100, and it is better that the magnetic field emitted by the pot magnet 121 provided in each pin 120 provided in the pin display device 100 is strong. However, if the magnetic field emitted by the pot magnet 121 is made too strong, the magnetic force generated between the pot magnets 121 provided in the adjacent pins 120 affects the mutual movement of the adjacent pins 120. Therefore, it becomes necessary to widen the interval between the adjacent pins 120 so that the magnetic field emitted by the pot magnet 121 does not affect the movement of another pin 120. However, if the interval between adjacent pins 120 is widened, the resolution of the display in the x-direction and y-direction of the pin display device will decrease. Therefore, the interval between adjacent pins 120 and the strength of the magnetic field emitted by the pot magnets 121 provided on each pin 120 must be determined taking into consideration the resolution of the display in the x-direction and y-direction of the pin display device and the displayable range in the z-direction by the pin display device 100. Specifically, the magnetic field emitted by the pot magnets 121 of each pin 120 must be such that the magnetic force generated between the pot magnets 121 provided on adjacent pins 120 does not affect the movement of the pins 120. In other words, the interval between adjacent pin insertion holes 111 must be equal to or greater than the shortest distance at which the magnetic force generated between the pot magnets 121 provided on the pins 120 inserted into the adjacent pin insertion holes 111 does not affect the movement of the pins 120.

In addition, experiments conducted by the inventors have revealed that the shortest distance over which the magnetic force generated between pot magnets 121 provided on pins 120 inserted into adjacent pin insertion holes 111 does not affect the movement of the pins 120 depends on the maximum value of the attractive force generated between a first pot magnet 121 provided on a first pin 120 inserted into a certain pin insertion hole 111 and a second pot magnet 121 provided on a second pin 120 inserted into a pin insertion hole 111 adjacent to that pin insertion hole 111, when each of them moves independently in the z direction. Considering that the first pot magnet 121 and the second pot magnet 121 are pot magnets with the same configuration and characteristics, the maximum value of the attractive force can be calculated by, for example, the sum of the maximum value of the magnetic flux density on the cylindrical surface at a distance of half the distance from the central axis of the pot magnet 121 on the lower surface 121a side of the first pot magnet 121 (hereinafter, for convenience, referred to as the "first maximum value") and the maximum value of the magnetic flux density on the cylindrical surface at a distance of half the distance from the central axis of the pot magnet 121 on the opposite side to the lower surface 121a of the second pot magnet 121 (i.e., the upper surface side) (hereinafter, for convenience, referred to as the "second maximum value"). In the pin display device 100 implemented by the inventor, it was found that if the sum of the first maximum value and the second maximum value is 4 mT or less, the magnetic force generated between the pot magnets 121 provided on the pins 120 inserted into the adjacent pin insertion holes 111 does not affect the movement of the pins 120. Therefore, for example, for the same pot magnet as used for pot magnet 121, measure the maximum magnetic flux density on the cylindrical surface at the same distance from the central axis of the pot magnet for each of the bottom side and the top side of the pot magnet, and double the distance from the central axis at which the sum of the maximum magnetic flux density on the bottom side and the maximum magnetic flux density on the top side is 4 mT or less. This is the shortest distance at which the magnetic force generated between pot magnets 121 provided on pins 120 inserted into adjacent pin insertion holes 111 does not affect the movement of the pins 120.

However, the shortest distance at which the magnetic force generated between the pot magnets 121 provided on the pins 120 inserted into adjacent pin insertion holes 111 does not affect the movement of the pins 120 is based on various factors, such as the weight of the pins 120 and the friction between the pins 120 and the pin insertion holes 111, in addition to the spatial spread of the magnetic flux formed by the pot magnets 121. Therefore, it is advisable to experimentally determine this shortest distance.

<Magnetic sheet 200>
As described above, the housing 110 is arranged such that the lower surface 110a is in contact with or in close proximity to the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200. The magnetic sheet 200 has the pot magnets 121 of the upper surface 200a facing each other magnetized so that the pins 120 equipped with the pot magnets 121 move in the z direction by a desired amount due to the repulsive force caused by the magnetic force generated between the pot magnets 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200. The magnetic sheet 200 is a rewritable magnetic sheet, that is, a magnetic sheet in which each part of each surface can be arbitrarily set to be an S pole or an N pole by exposing each part to a magnetic field stronger than a predetermined value. An example of a rewritable magnetic sheet is a ferrite magnetic rubber sheet, which is a mixture of a powdered ferromagnetic material and a material that does not block or reduce magnetic lines, does not control the path of magnetic lines, and does not generate magnetic lines, and is molded into a sheet shape.

<Gap 112>
Since the magnetic sheet 200 can rewrite the orientation of the local magnetic poles, when the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 and the pot magnet 121 come into contact with each other, or when they come close to each other without coming into contact, the magnetic field emitted by the pot magnet 121 rewrites the orientation of the magnetic poles of the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 where the pot magnet 121 faces. Then, no repulsive force is generated between the pot magnet 121 and the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 where the pot magnet 121 faces. As a result, the pin 120 does not move, and the pin display device 100 does not display. On the other hand, if the pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are too far away from each other, no repulsive force is generated between each pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, even if the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is magnetized as desired, and the pin display device 100 does not display as desired. For these reasons, as shown in the cross-sectional view of the housing 110 shown in FIG. 7 , between the bottom surface 110a of the housing 110 and the bottom surface 111a of each pin insertion hole 111 of the housing 110 (i.e., the bottom of each pin insertion hole 111), the length in the z direction is such that the same magnetic sheet (i.e., a magnetic sheet with the same base material, the same ferromagnetic material, the same mixture ratio as the magnetic sheet 200, the same type as the magnetic sheet 200) is used for the magnetic sheet 200 due to the magnetic field emitted by the same pot magnet (i.e., a pot magnet that emits the same magnetic field as the pot magnet 121) used for the pot magnet 121. A gap 112 having a length in the z direction that is equal to or longer than the shortest distance (hereinafter referred to as the "first shortest distance") at which the polarity of the pot magnet 121 (i.e., the pot magnet that emits the same magnetic field as the pot magnet 121) used in the pot magnet 121 and the same magnetic sheet (i.e., the same base material as the magnetic sheet 200, the same ferromagnetic material, the same mixing ratio as the magnetic sheet 200, the same type of magnetic sheet as the magnetic sheet 200) is not generated is required. Note that the closer the gap is to the longest distance at which the magnetic force is not generated between the pot magnet 121 and the magnetic sheet 200, the less the pin 120 can be moved, and the less variation in the display by the pin display device 100. Therefore, taking this point into consideration, the length of gap 112 in the z direction should be the shortest distance or a length slightly longer than the shortest distance at which the magnetic sheet used in magnetic sheet 200 is not rewritten by the magnetic field emitted by the pot magnet used in pot magnet 121, that is, the first shortest distance or a length slightly longer than the first shortest distance. Note that the distance between bottom surface 110a of housing 110 and bottom surface 111a of each pin insertion hole 111 of housing 110 (i.e., the bottom of each pin insertion hole 111) is the same as the distance between pot magnet 121 and the top surface of magnetic sheet 200 in a state where pin 120 is not moving in the positive z direction (state where pot magnet 121 is attached to the bottom of pin insertion hole 111) due to the repulsive force of magnetic force.

However, when the magnetic sheet is exposed to a magnetic field of a certain strength in the opposite direction, the magnetic field it emits weakens, although it is not strong enough to rewrite the direction of the magnetic poles. Therefore, it is advisable to set the length of the gap 112 in the z direction taking this into consideration. If the length of the gap 112 in the z direction is close to the shortest distance (i.e., the first shortest distance) at which the magnetic field emitted by the same pot magnet used in the pot magnet 121 does not rewrite the polarity of the magnetic sheet made of the same material used in the magnetic sheet 200, the magnetic field emitted by the pot magnet 121 weakens the magnetic pole of the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 where the pot magnet 121 faces. This weakens the repulsive force between the pot magnet 121 and the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 where the pot magnet 121 faces. As a result, the pin 120 may not move, and the pin display device 100 may not display anything. Therefore, the length of gap 112 in the z direction should be greater than or equal to the shortest distance (hereinafter referred to as the "second shortest distance") that does not weaken the magnetic force of the same magnetic sheet used in magnetic sheet 200 due to the magnetic field emitted by the same pot magnet used in pot magnet 121. The second shortest distance is longer than the first shortest distance. From the above, it follows that the length of gap 112 in the z direction must be greater than or equal to the first shortest distance, and is desirably greater than or equal to the second shortest distance. The length of gap 112 in the z direction may be determined experimentally or based on the following calculation.

First, the magnetic flux density B(d) at a point a distance d in the vertical direction from the center of a magnetic pole face of one side of a circular magnet with a radius R, which has a residual magnetic flux density Br as shown in Figure 16A, is approximately expressed by the following formula (1). Note that in the following, the unit of length is mm and the unit of magnetic flux density is mT.

On the bottom surface 121a of the pot magnet 121, there is a magnetic pole surface due to the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211, and a magnetic pole surface due to the opening 1212a of the container 1212, which is the opposite pole to the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211. Since the pole 1211b, which is the opposite pole to the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211, is in contact with the contact surface 1212b inside the container 1212, the magnetic flux emitted from the pole 1211b of the permanent magnet 1211 passes through the container 1212 and is dispersed and emitted from the opening 1212a of the container 1212, so that the opening 1212a behaves like a magnetic pole. However, some of the magnetic flux leaks to the periphery of the container 1212. Therefore, if the radius of the poles 1211a, 1211b of the permanent magnet 1211 is R1, the radius of the inner circumference of the opening 1212a of the container 1212 is R2, the radius of the outer circumference of the opening 1212a of the container 1212 is R3, the area of the poles 1211a, 1211b of the permanent magnet 1211 is S1, the area of the opening 1212a of the container 1212 is S2, the residual magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 1211 is Br, and the loss coefficient based on leakage is c, then the magnetic flux density B(d, d') at a point that is a distance d vertically from the center of the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 and a distance d' vertically from the center of the opening 1212a of the container 1212 shown in Figure 16B can be calculated by the following equation (2).

When the permanent magnet 1211 is a neodymium magnet, the residual magnetic flux density Br of the permanent magnet 1211 is about 800 mT to 1200 mT. The loss coefficient c depends on the magnetic permeability, thickness, and shape of the container 1212, but is generally about 0.8, and is in the range of about 0.5 to 1.0. When the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 and the opening 1212a of the container 1212 are on the same plane, as shown in FIG. 6B, d'=d, and when the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 and the opening 1212a of the container 1212 are not on the same plane, as shown in FIG. 6C, d'=d+δ, where δ is the actual measured value. As mentioned above, δ is about 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

Therefore, the length of gap 112 in the z direction must be greater than or equal to the shortest distance d at which the magnetic flux density B(d, d') calculated by equation (2) using the above-mentioned values does not rewrite the polarity of the magnetic sheet used in magnetic sheet 200, and/or greater than or equal to the shortest distance d' at which the magnetic flux density B(d, d') calculated by equation (2) using the above-mentioned values does not rewrite the polarity of the magnetic sheet used in magnetic sheet 200. In addition, it is desirable that the length of the gap 112 in the z direction is a length such that the distance between the center of the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 of the pot magnet 121 and the top surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is equal to or greater than the shortest distance d at which the magnetic flux density B(d, d') calculated by formula (2) using the above-mentioned values does not weaken the magnetic force of the same magnetic sheet used in the magnetic sheet 200, and/or the distance between the center of the opening 1212a of the container 1212 of the pot magnet 121 and the top surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is equal to or greater than the shortest distance d' at which the magnetic flux density B(d, d') calculated by formula (2) using the above-mentioned values does not weaken the magnetic force of the same magnetic sheet used in the magnetic sheet 200.

According to experiments conducted by the inventors, for a pot magnet with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 5 mm and a permanent magnet with a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 2 mm, the surface magnetic flux density at the centre of the bottom surface of the pot magnet was approximately 300 mT. An experiment was conducted in which a pin 120 equipped with this pot magnet as the pot magnet 121 was lifted by a magnetic sheet 200 using a housing 110 in which the length of the gap 112 in the z direction was varied.The results showed that when the distance in the z direction between the opening 1212a of the container 1212 of the pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 was 0.5 mm or less, the behavior of the pin 120 was unstable when the distance in the z direction between the opening 1212a of the container 1212 of the pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 was 0.5 to 0.8 mm, and the pin 120 was lifted stably when the distance in the z direction between the opening 1212a of the container 1212 of the pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 was 0.9 mm or more. Furthermore, at a point on the central axis of the opening 1212a of the container 1212 of the pot magnet 121 where the distance between the opening 1212a and the top surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is 0.5 mm or less, the magnetic flux density of the pot magnet 121 is 200 mT or more, and the magnetic sheet 200 can be rewritten by the magnetic field emitted by the pot magnet 121. Furthermore, at a point on the central axis of the opening 1212a of the container 1212 of the pot magnet 121 where the distance between the opening 1212a and the top surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is 0.5 to 0.8 mm, the magnetic flux density of the pot magnet 121 is 100 to 200 mT, and the magnetic field emitted by the pot magnet 121 is sufficient to temporarily weaken the magnetic field emitted from the magnetic sheet 200. Therefore, the inventors set the z-direction length of the gap 112 of the pin display device 100 so that the distance in the z-direction between the opening 1212a of the container 1212 of the pot magnet 121 of the pin display device 100 and the top surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is 1.0 mm, assuming that the first shortest distance is 0.5 mm and the second shortest distance is 0.8 mm, in order to more reliably control the pin 120.

When the length of the gap 112 in the z direction is determined based on calculation, since the magnetic flux density that does not weaken the magnetic force of the same magnetic sheet used in the magnetic sheet 200 is less than 100 mT, the distance between the center of the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 of the pot magnet 121 and the top surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, and/or the distance between the center of the opening 1212a of the container 1212 of the pot magnet 121 and the top surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 can be set so that the magnetic flux density B(d, d') calculated by equation (2) is a value less than 100 mT.

In the following, to simplify the explanation, the length of the gap in the z direction will be assumed to be d.

<Magnetic Pattern on Top Surface 200a of Magnetic Sheet 200>
As described above, the magnetic sheet 200 has the pot magnets 121 facing the upper surface 200a so that the amount of movement of each pin 120 equipped with each pot magnet 121 in the positive direction in the z direction is a desired amount due to the repulsive force caused by the magnetic force generated between each pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200. If each pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are in contact with each other, the magnetic pattern of the upper surface 200a that is optimal for lifting the pin 120 is the same as the magnetic pattern of the lower surface 121a of the opposing pot magnet 121. However, even if each pin 120 has not moved at all in the positive direction in the z direction, the lower surface 121a of each pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are separated by the length d of the gap 112 in the z direction. In addition, when each pin 120 has moved a desired distance in the positive direction of the z direction, the lower surface 121a of each pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are separated by a length equal to the sum of the z-direction length d of the gap 112 and each distance. Therefore, if the desired distance of each pin 120 is _Di (where i is a number that identifies each pin and is an integer between 1 and 25), in order to move each pin 120 by the desired distance _Di in the positive direction of the z direction, when the distance between the lower surface 121a of each pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is within the range from d to d+ _Di , the magnetic force generated between each pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 must generate a repulsive force greater than the gravity acting in the negative direction of the z direction of each pin 120.

To this end, the inventors have noticed that when the spatial frequency of the magnetic pattern magnetized on the top surface of the magnetic sheet is different, the spatial spread of the magnetic flux in the three-dimensional space on the top surface of the magnetic sheet is different. Figure 8 shows the results of the inventors measuring the magnetic flux density in the space near the top surface of the magnetic sheet by magnetizing a stripe-shaped magnetic pattern consisting of a band-shaped N pole and a S pole sandwiching the N pole, each band having a width of 2 mm to 6 mm, on the top surface of the magnetic sheet. The horizontal axis of Figure 8 is the short side direction of the band, and the vertical axis is the distance from the top surface. As shown in Figure 8, when the width of the band-shaped pole is narrow (i.e., when the length of the band-shaped pole in the short side direction is short), the spatial spread of the magnetic flux is narrow and the magnetic lines of force are concentrated near the band-shaped pole, and when the width of the band-shaped pole is wide (i.e., when the length of the band-shaped pole in the short side direction is long), the spatial spread of the magnetic flux is wide and the magnetic lines of force are far from the band-shaped pole.

Considering the spatial spread of magnetic flux in three-dimensional space on the upper surface side of the magnetic sheet, the magnetic pattern on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, which is suitable for lifting the pin 120, is similar to the magnetic pattern on the lower surface 121a of the opposing pot magnet 121, and is slightly larger than the magnetic pattern on the lower surface 121a of the opposing pot magnet 121. Therefore, when using a pin 120 equipped with a pot magnet 121 as illustrated in Figures 6A to 6C, the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 facing the pot magnet 121 of the pin 120 for which it is desired to maximize the amount of movement in the positive z direction can be magnetized with a magnetic pattern consisting of, for example, a circle of approximately the same size as the lower surface 121a of the opposing pot magnet 121, with the same pole (e.g., a north pole) as the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211, and a ring-shaped pole (e.g., a south pole) that surrounds the circle and is opposite to the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211.

<Display of the top end of the pin 120 at various heights>
In order to display the upper ends of the pins 120 at various heights on the pin display device 100, it is necessary to control the amount of movement of each pin 120 in the positive direction in the z direction. However, since the pin display device 100 displays information using a three-dimensional point cloud formed by the upper ends (upper surface 120b) of the multiple pins 120, it is not necessary to strictly control the amount of movement of each pin 120 in the positive direction in the z direction, and it is possible to realize display of the upper ends of the multiple pins 120 at various heights by controlling the relative amount of movement of each pin 120 in the positive direction in the z direction. The relative amount of movement of each pin 120 in the positive direction in the z direction can be controlled by taking into account the spatial spread of the magnetic flux in the three-dimensional space on the upper surface side of the magnetic sheet.

When using pins 120 equipped with pot magnets 121 as illustrated in Figures 6A to 6C, for example, the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, the greater the portion facing the pot magnet 121 of the pin 120 that is to be moved, is magnetized with a magnetic pattern similar to a magnetic pattern consisting of a circular shape of approximately the same size as the lower surface 121a of the opposing pot magnet 121, with the same pole (e.g., a north pole) as the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211, and a ring-shaped pole (e.g., a south pole) surrounding the circular shape, with the opposite pole to the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211, so that the relative amount of movement of each pin 120 in the positive z direction can be controlled. Furthermore, when using a pin 120 equipped with a pot magnet 121 as illustrated in Figures 6A to 6C, and when using a magnetic pattern on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 consisting of a pole of a band area and opposite poles sandwiching the pole of the band area, the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is magnetized with a magnetic pattern similar to a magnetic pattern composed of a band area of the same pole (e.g., a north pole) as the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211, and an area of the opposite pole (e.g., a south pole) to the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211, arranged on both sides of the band area, with the width of the band area being the diameter of the lower surface 121a of the opposing pot magnet 121, the greater the portion facing the pot magnet 121 of the pin 120 that is to be moved, so that the relative magnitude of the movement of each pin 120 in the positive z direction can be controlled. In addition, magnetization of the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that is not directly below or facing the periphery of the pot magnet 121 of any of the pins 120 is optional.

Therefore, when the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 of the pot magnet 121 is a north pole, and the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that is colored dark in FIG. 9A is magnetized to a north pole, and the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that is not colored dark in FIG. 9A is magnetized to a south pole, as in the magnetic pattern illustrated in FIG. 9A, when the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are placed in contact or close proximity, the pin display device 100 will display as illustrated in FIG. 9B. That is, as can be seen from FIGS. 9A and 9B, the portions of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 facing the pot magnets 121 of the multiple pins 120 that move in the positive z direction are magnetized with a magnetic pattern consisting of a first portion having the same pole (e.g., N pole) as the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 of the opposing pot magnet 121, and a second portion surrounding the first portion and having the opposite pole (e.g., S pole) to the pole 1211a. Among the multiple pins 120 in 200a that move in the positive z direction, the magnetic pattern magnetized in the portion facing the pot magnet 121 of the pin 120 that has a first movement amount in the positive z direction is different from the magnetic pattern magnetized in the portion facing the pot magnet 121 of the pin 120 that has a second movement amount in the positive z direction that is different from the first movement amount.

<Display of the top end of the pin 120 in two values: high and low>
In order to have the pin display device 100 display the two values of the high and low of the upper ends of the multiple pins 120, for example, it is sufficient to control whether or not each pin 120 moves in the positive direction in the z direction. If it is necessary to control whether or not each pin 120 moves in the positive direction in the z direction, it is sufficient that the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 facing the pot magnets 121 of each pin 120 is magnetized in a manner that corresponds to whether or not a repulsive force capable of moving each pin 120 equipped with each pot magnet 121 in the positive direction in the z direction is applied between each pot magnet 121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200. For example, the portions of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 facing the pot magnets 121 of the pins 120 that move in the positive z-direction may be magnetized with a magnetic pattern consisting of a first portion having the same polarity (e.g., N pole) as the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 of the opposing pot magnet 121, and a second portion surrounding the first portion and having the opposite polarity (e.g., S pole) to the pole 1211a. The second portion may completely surround the first portion, or may partially surround the first portion, for example, sandwiching the first portion from both sides. That is, the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 may have a stripe-shaped magnetic pattern magnetized in a portion facing each of the pot magnets 121 of the pins 120 that move in the positive z direction, the first portion being a band area of the same pole (e.g., N pole) as the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 of the opposing pot magnet 121, and the second portion on both sides of the first portion being the opposite pole (e.g., S pole) to the pole 1211a. The upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 may have a magnetic pattern magnetized in a portion facing each of the pot magnets 121 of the pins 120 that do not move in the positive z direction, other than a magnetic pattern magnetized in a portion surrounding the third portion having the same pole (e.g., N pole) as the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 of the opposing pot magnet 121, and a fourth portion having the opposite pole (e.g., S pole) to the pole 1211a. For example, the portions of the pins 120 that do not move in the positive z-direction facing the pot magnets 121 may be magnetized with a magnetic pattern consisting of a portion with a polarity (e.g., S pole) opposite to the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 of the opposing pot magnet 121 and a portion surrounding the portion with the same polarity (e.g., N pole) as the pole 1211a, or only the polarity (e.g., S pole) opposite to the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 of the opposing pot magnet 121 may be magnetized, or only the polarity (e.g., N pole) same as the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 of the opposing pot magnet 121 may be magnetized. Note that the magnetization of the portions of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that are not directly below or facing the periphery of the pot magnets 121 of any of the pins 120 is optional.

Therefore, if the pole 1211a of the permanent magnet 1211 of the pot magnet 121 is a north pole, and the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that is colored dark in FIG. 10A is magnetized to a north pole, as in the magnetic pattern illustrated in FIG. 10A, and the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that is not colored dark in FIG. 10A is magnetized to a south pole, then when the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are placed in contact or close proximity, the pin display device 100 will display as illustrated in FIG. 10B.

The magnetic patterns illustrated in Figures 9A and 10A can be magnetized, for example, by first magnetizing the entire upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 to the S pole, and then contacting the S pole of a powerful neodymium magnet with the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that is colored dark in Figures 9A and 10A. When magnetizing the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that is colored dark in Figures 9A and 10A, for example, a magnetizer with a S pole of a neodymium magnet at its tip can be used, the tip of the magnetizer can be pressed against the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, and the tip of the magnetizer can be moved so as to draw the portion that is colored dark in Figures 9A and 10A.

[Second embodiment]
The pin display system 300 described in the first embodiment is merely an example, and various modifications are possible as described in the second embodiment.

<Number of pins and pin insertion holes, and arrangement of pin insertion holes>
In the first embodiment, an example in which the pin display device 100 includes 25 pins 120 and pin insertion holes 111 has been described, but the number is not limited to this. That is, the pin insertion holes may be arranged at P×Q positions based on a pair of any one of P x coordinates and any one of Q y coordinates, where P and Q are integers of 2 or more, and the number of pins may be P×Q. Furthermore, the pin insertion holes do not need to be arranged in an array, and the pin insertion holes may include a plurality of pins with different x coordinates and a plurality of pins with different y coordinates, and the number of pins may be the same as the number of pin insertion holes. Depending on the application, there may be cases where only display on one axis perpendicular to the z direction is required, and in this case, for example, the x coordinates of all the pin insertion holes may be the same and only the y coordinates may be different, or the y coordinates of all the pin insertion holes may be the same and only the x coordinates may be different. That is, the positions of the pin insertion holes on a plane perpendicular to the z direction may be different from each other, and the number of pins may be the same as the number of pins.

<Pin shape, pin insertion hole shape>
In the first embodiment, an example was described in which the pin 120 and the pin insertion hole 111 are cylindrical, but the shapes of the pin and the pin insertion hole are not limited to being cylindrical and may be prisms or the like. Any shape may be used as long as it satisfies the condition that the pin can easily move through the pin insertion hole in both positive and negative directions in the z direction, but hardly moves in the x or y directions.

<Shape of case>
In the first embodiment, an example was described in which the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 has an outer shape of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped, but the outer shape of the housing is not limited to a substantially rectangular parallelepiped. For example, in the first embodiment, an example was described in which the upper surface 110b of the housing 110 is a flat surface parallel to the lower surface 110a, but it is not essential that the upper surface of the housing is parallel to the lower surface of the housing, and it is not essential that the upper surface of the housing is a flat surface. In addition, it is not essential that the housing has a side surface in the x direction or a side surface in the y direction.

<Pot magnet shape, material, and magnetic strength>
In the first embodiment, an example was described in which the material and shape of the container 1212 of the pot magnet 121 provided in all pins 120 are the same, and the material, shape, and strength of the permanent magnet 1211 of the pot magnet 121 provided in all pins 120 are the same, but at least one of the material, shape, and strength of the container 1212 and the material, shape, and strength of the permanent magnet 1211 may be different for each pin. However, if at least one of the above-mentioned materials, shapes, and strengths is made different for each pin, it becomes necessary to be aware of at least one of the differences in the material, shape, and strength of the container of the pot magnet of each pin and the material, shape, and strength of the permanent magnet when magnetizing the magnetic sheet for the desired display, which increases the difficulty of creating a magnetic pattern to be magnetized on the magnetic sheet, and also makes it impossible to use the pin display device and the magnetic sheet in a manner that changes the relative position as described later in the fourth embodiment. Therefore, it is better to make the material, shape, and strength of the container of the pot magnet provided in all pins the same as the material, shape, and strength of the permanent magnet.

<Poles of a pot magnet>
In the first embodiment, the poles 1211a of the permanent magnets 1211 of all the pot magnets 121 are the same (for example, N pole), but the poles of the permanent magnets exposed from the openings of the pot magnet containers may be different for each pin. However, if the poles of the permanent magnets exposed from the openings of the pot magnet containers are different for each pin, it becomes necessary to be aware of the polarity of the permanent magnets exposed from the openings of the pot magnet containers of each pin when magnetizing the magnetic sheet for the desired display, which increases the difficulty of creating a magnetic pattern to magnetize the magnetic sheet, and also makes it impossible to use the pin display device and the magnetic sheet in a manner that changes the relative position as described later in the fourth embodiment. Therefore, it is better to keep the poles of the permanent magnets exposed from the openings of the pot magnet containers of all the pins the same.

<With or without container>
In the first embodiment, an example was described in which the pin 120 uses a pot magnet 121, but it is not essential that the magnet equipped in the pin is a pot magnet, and it may be a magnet without a container. However, in the case of a magnet without a container, since the magnetic field lines do not concentrate on the opening surface of the container, it becomes necessary to make the interval between the pins wider than when a pot magnet is used, and the resolution of the display in the x and y directions of the pin display device becomes lower. Therefore, it is better for the magnet equipped in the pin to be a pot magnet.

<Lamination of magnetic sheets>
In the first embodiment, an example in which one magnetic sheet 200 is used has been described, but it is not essential to use one magnetic sheet, and multiple magnetic sheets may be stacked and used. In this case, multiple magnetic sheets may be stacked and then magnetized with a magnetic pattern, or each magnetic sheet may be magnetized with a magnetic pattern and then multiple magnetic sheets may be stacked and used. That is, all the magnetic sheets (magnetic sheet materials) to be stacked may be magnetized with the same magnetic pattern (same texture with S pole and N pole) in advance, and the same texture of all the magnetic sheets to be stacked may be stacked in the same position (laminated magnetic sheet) and used as the magnetic sheet 200. In this way, a stronger magnetic force can be obtained than when only one magnetic sheet is used, so that the amount of movement of the pin in the positive direction in the z direction can be increased. In addition, each magnetic sheet (magnetic sheet material) to be stacked may be magnetized with a different magnetic pattern (different texture with S pole and N pole) in advance, and these magnetic sheets may be stacked and used as the magnetic sheet 200 (laminated magnetic sheet). In this way, it is possible to produce a display that is like a sum of the displays produced by each magnetic sheet.

[Third embodiment]
In the third embodiment, a usage form of the pin display system will be described. The pin display system 300 of the first and second embodiments performs display by arranging the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 in contact or close proximity to each other. Therefore, in order to make the pin display system 300 perform various desired displays, a magnetic pattern (texture with S poles and N poles) corresponding to each desired display is magnetized in advance on one side of each of a plurality of magnetic sheets 200-k (k is an integer between 1 and K inclusive) (K sheets, K is an integer between 1 and K inclusive), one magnetic sheet 200-k _s (k _s is any one integer between 1 and K inclusive) is made selectable from the K magnetic sheets 200-1 to 200-K, and the surface of the selected magnetic sheet 200-k _s on which the magnetic pattern has been magnetized in advance is set as the upper surface 200a-k _s , and the upper surface 200a-k _s of the magnetic sheet 200-k _s is placed in contact with or in close proximity to the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100. For example, a user may select a desired magnetic sheet k _s from among K magnetic sheets 200-1 to 200-K, and place the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 in contact with or close to the upper surface 200a-k _s of the selected magnetic sheet 200-k _s . To adopt a simpler expression, the selected magnetic sheet 200-k _s may be placed with the upper surface 200a-k _s facing up, and the pin display device 100 may be placed on top of it.

For example, by selecting a magnetic sheet 200-k _s1 (k _s1 is any one integer between 1 and K) having a magnetic pattern magnetized on the upper surface thereof as shown in Fig. 9A, and placing the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 in contact with or close to the upper surface 200a-k _s1 of the selected magnetic sheet 200-k _s1 , the pin display device 100 can display the display shown in Fig. 9B. Also, by selecting a magnetic sheet 200-k _s2 (k _s2 is any one integer between 1 and K, different from k _s1 ) having a magnetic pattern magnetized on the upper surface thereof as shown in Fig. 10A, and placing the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 in contact with or close to the upper surface 200a-k _s2 of the selected magnetic sheet 200-k _s2 , the pin display device 100 can display the display shown in Fig. 10B.

The pin display system may be provided with a selection unit which is a mechanical mechanism that selects a magnetic sheet k _s from among the K magnetic sheets 200-1 to 200-K corresponding to the selection information received by the input unit by receiving a user's selection operation to select any one of the magnetic sheets k _s from among the K magnetic sheets 200-1 to 200-K, and a placement unit which is a mechanical mechanism that places the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 in contact with or close to the upper surface 200a-k _s of the magnetic sheet 200-k _s selected by the selection unit.

[Fourth embodiment]
In the fourth embodiment, the use of the pin display system will also be described. Even without using a plurality of magnetic sheets as in the third embodiment, if magnetic patterns (textures by S poles and N poles) corresponding to each desired display are magnetized in advance at different positions on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, which has an area larger than the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100, and the relative positions of the pin display device 100 and the magnetic sheet 200 are made changeable in a direction perpendicular to the z direction while the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are in contact or close to each other, the pin display system 300 can display various desired displays by changing the relative positions. In addition, according to the pin display system 300 of the fourth embodiment, it is also possible to display waves, patterns, shape changes, etc. by using the change in the relative positions of the pin display device 100 and the magnetic sheet 200.

For example, magnetic patterns corresponding to each desired display are magnetized in advance at different positions on the upper surface of the magnetic sheet 200, which has an area larger than the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100, and the user can change the relative positions of the pin display device 100 and the magnetic sheet 200 in a direction perpendicular to the z direction while the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are in contact or close proximity to each other. To use a simpler expression, the magnetic sheet 200 is placed with the upper surface 200a facing up, the pin display device 100 is placed on top of it, and the user can grasp or support the pin display device 100 and/or the magnetic sheet 200 and move them in a direction perpendicular to the z direction.

Alternatively, the pin display system may be provided with a mechanical mechanism that changes the relative position of the pin display device 100 and the magnetic sheet 200 in a direction perpendicular to the z direction when the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 is placed in contact with or close to the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200. An example of this pin display system is shown in FIG. 11. The pin display system 301 of FIG. 11 includes the pin display device 100, the magnetic sheet 200, the first roller 210, the second roller 220, the handle 230, and the support 240. The magnetic sheet 200 is in the form of an endless belt. The first roller 210 and the second roller 220 are supported by the support 240 and are arranged so that their respective axes are parallel to each other, and support the endless belt-like magnetic sheet 200 from the lower surface 200b side. The handle 230 is fixed to the first roller 210 and rotates simultaneously with the first roller 210. The pin display device 100 is supported by the support 240 with the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 in contact with or close to the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200. With this, when the user rotates the handle 230 clockwise or counterclockwise, the first roller 210 and the second roller 220 rotate in the same direction as the handle 230, and with the lower surface 110a of the housing 110 of the pin display device 100 in contact with or close to the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, the relative positions of the pin display device 100 and the magnetic sheet 200 can be changed in the x direction, which is perpendicular to the z direction.

When the relative position of the pin display device 100 and the magnetic sheet 200 is changed in a direction perpendicular to the z direction, in order to prevent the display from ending in an instant and to prevent frequent movement of the pins 120 in the z direction (i.e., frequent up and down movement of the pins 120), it is preferable to magnetize the pole of the permanent magnet 1211 of the pot magnet 121 on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 in a band shape with the length direction being the direction in which the relative position is changed, rather than in a dot shape similar in shape to the pole 1211a.

[Fifth embodiment]
In a state where the influence of an external magnetic field is small enough to be negligible, the plane formed by the upper ends of all the pins of the pin display device may be inclined with respect to the z direction, and therefore the upper side of the housing may be stepped. This embodiment will be described as the fifth embodiment, focusing on the differences from the first embodiment. In the following, a specific example will be described with X being an integer between 1 and 4, and Y being an integer between 1 and 3. The pin display system 600 of the fifth embodiment includes a pin display device 500 and a magnetic sheet 200, as exemplified in FIG. 12. The pin display device 500 of the fifth embodiment includes a housing 510 and 12 pins 520-XY. The pin display device 500 and the magnetic sheet 200 are arranged such that the lower surface 510a of the housing 510 of the pin display device 500 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are in contact with or in close proximity to each other, similar to the pin display device 100 and the magnetic sheet 200 of the first embodiment. The pin display system 600 of the fifth embodiment can be used in the manners of use described in the third and fourth embodiments, similar to the pin display system 300 of the first embodiment.

<Housing 510>
The housing 510 of the pin display device 500 of the fifth embodiment has a bottom surface 510a which is a plane, and three top surfaces 510b-1, 510b-2, and 510b-3 which are planes parallel to the bottom surface 510a in the positive direction of the z direction with respect to the bottom surface 510a and have different distances from the bottom surface 510a, as shown in Fig. 13 (top view) and Fig. 14 (cross-sectional view cut along the dashed line in Fig. 13). The top surface 510b-1 is a surface equivalent to the partial area with the smallest y coordinate among the partial areas obtained by dividing the bottom surface 510a into three equal parts in the y direction, which is moved in the z direction by a distance z _1. The top surface 510b-2 is a surface equivalent to the partial area with the second smallest y coordinate among the partial areas obtained by dividing the bottom surface 510a into three equal parts in the y direction, which is moved in the z direction by a distance z ₂ . The upper surface 510b-3 is a surface corresponding to the partial region with the third smallest y coordinate (i.e., the partial region with the largest y coordinate) among the partial regions obtained by dividing the lower surface 510a into _three equal parts in the y direction, which is moved in the z direction by a distance z3. The distance _z2 is greater than the distance _z1 , and the distance _z3 is greater than the distance _z2 . In other words, the distances _z1 , _z3 , and z3 from the lower surface 510a to the upper surfaces 510b-1, 510b-2, and 510b- ₃ become greater as the y coordinate increases.

The housing 510 has 12 pin insertion holes 511-XY. The 12 pin insertion holes 511-XY are arranged in a 4 x 3 matrix, with 4 holes spaced equally in the x direction and 3 holes spaced equally in the y direction. Each pin insertion hole 511-XY is a hole for allowing a cylindrical pin 520-XY (described later) to move in the z direction, similar to the pin insertion hole 111 of the housing 110 in the first embodiment, and is cylindrical with its central axis in the z direction. The top surface 511b-X1 of the four pin insertion holes 511-X1 arranged at equal intervals in the x direction is located within the top surface 510b-1 of the housing 510. The top surface 511b-X2 of the four pin insertion holes 511-X2 arranged at equal intervals in the x direction is located within the top surface 510b-2 of the housing 510. The top surface 511b-X3 of the four pin insertion holes 511-X3 arranged at equal intervals in the x direction is located within the top surface 510b-3 of the housing 510.

The lower surface 511a-XY of each pin insertion hole 511-XY is a plane perpendicular to the z direction in the negative direction of the z direction with respect to the upper surface 511b-XY, that is, a plane parallel to the lower surface 510-a of the housing 510. Between the lower surface 511a-XY of each pin insertion hole 511-XY and the lower surface 510-a of the housing 510, a gap 512-XY that satisfies the condition described in the first embodiment is provided. That is, the length d _XY in the z direction of all the gaps 512-XY is the same value d. In other words, the distance d _XY between the lower surface 511a-XY of all the pin insertion holes 511-XY and the lower surface 510-a of the housing 510 is the same distance d. Therefore, the depth of each pin insertion hole 511-1Y (i.e., the height of the cylindrical shape of each pin insertion hole 511-1Y) is z ₁ -d, the depth of each pin insertion hole 511-2Y (i.e., the height of the cylindrical shape of each pin insertion hole 511-2Y) is z ₂ -d, and the depth of each pin insertion hole 511-3Y (i.e., the height of the cylindrical shape of each pin insertion hole 511-3Y) is z ₃ -d.

<Pin 520-XY>
Each pin 520-XY is inserted into a pin insertion hole 511-XY of the housing 510 corresponding to the pin (i.e., a pin insertion hole having the same X and Y values as the pin). As illustrated in FIG. 15, each pin 520-XY has a cylindrical outer shape with one end being a lower surface 520a-XY that is a circular flat surface, and the other end being an upper surface 520b-XY that is a flat surface parallel to the lower surface 510a-XY. Each pin 520-XY is similar to the pin 120 of the first embodiment except for the length described below. That is, the pot magnets 521-XY and spacers 522-XY of each pin 520-XY are similar to the pot magnets 121 and spacers 122 of the pin 120 of the first embodiment.

The length of each pin 520-XY (i.e., the height of the cylinder of each pin 520-XY) is equal to or greater than the depth of the pin insertion hole 511-XY into which the pin is inserted (i.e., the pin insertion hole has the same X and Y values as the pin). Thus, the length L 1 of each pin 520-X1 is equal to or greater than z ₁ -d, the length L ₂ of each pin 520-X2 is equal to or greater than z ₂ -d, and the length L ₃ of each pin 520- _X3 is equal to or greater than z ₃ -d.

However, since the pin display device 500 has a plane formed by the upper ends of all the pins tilted with respect to the z direction in a state where the influence of an external magnetic field is small enough to be negligible, the length of the pin 520-XY should be slightly larger than the depth of 511-XY into which the pin is inserted, even if it is larger than the depth of 511-XY into which the pin is inserted. Therefore, when δ' is set to a sufficiently small value, the length L ₁ of each pin 520-X1 is z ₁ -d or z ₁ -d+δ', the length L ₂ of each pin 520-X2 is z ₂ -d or z ₂ -d+δ', and the length L ₃ of each pin 520-X3 is z ₃ -d or z _{3 -d} +δ'.

<Modification>
The pin display system 600 described above is merely one example, and various modifications can be made to the pin display system 600 of the fifth embodiment in the same manner as those described in the second embodiment for the pin display system 300 of the first embodiment.

For example, the above is an example in which the housing 510 of the pin display device 500 has three upper surfaces 510b-1, 510b-2, 510b-3 that are at different distances from the lower surface 510a, but any number of upper surfaces may be used as long as they are at different distances from the lower surface. However, it is preferable that the multiple upper surfaces are arranged so that the distance from the lower surface increases in order. Note that, when the pin display device 500 of the fifth embodiment is configured in this manner, each pin display device 100 may have at least one pin insertion hole 111 and one pin 120. That is, in the pin display device 500 of the fifth embodiment, the upper surface of the housing is J planes corresponding to J different partial areas (J is an integer of 2 or more) of the lower surface of the housing moved by different distances in the positive direction of the z direction, and the J planes that are the upper surface of the housing are arranged so that the distance from the lower surface of the housing increases in order, and the multiple pin insertion holes are arranged so that at least one pin is inserted from each of the J planes that are the upper surface of the housing.

In other words, the pin display device 500 of the fifth embodiment is configured such that a plurality of pin display devices 100 each having a housing 110 with a different height from the lower surface 110a of the upper surface 100b and a pin 120 corresponding to the housing 110 are arranged such that the lower surfaces 110a of all the pin display devices 100 are on a single plane perpendicular to the Z direction, and the housings 110 of the plurality of pin display devices 100 are connected so that the distance from the lower surface 110a to the upper surface 110b increases in order.

Sixth Embodiment
As explained in the first embodiment, it is necessary to widen the interval between adjacent pins so that the magnetic field emitted by the pot magnet does not affect the movement of other pins. However, when the interval between adjacent pins is widened, the area of the surface formed by the upper end of the pin per unit area becomes smaller, which is a problem in that visibility decreases. Therefore, in this embodiment, the area of the surface formed by the upper end of the pin is increased while maintaining the pin pitch, thereby improving visibility. For example, when the character "C" is displayed on a pin display device and the pin pitch is the same, the visibility of FIG. 17B is higher than that of FIG. 17A. To realize such a configuration, in this embodiment, the pin includes a main body portion and a magnet, and the magnet is attached to one end (the end on the lower surface side) of the main body portion, and the area of the other end (the end on the upper surface side, the end on the information display side) of the main body portion is made larger than the area of the lower surface of the magnet. The black circles in FIG. 17C represent the surface formed by the lower surface of the magnet, and the rectangles surrounding each black circle represent the upper surface of the pin. In the first embodiment, the area of the top face of the pin and the area of the bottom face of the magnet are substantially the same, but in this embodiment, the area of the top face of the main body is made larger than the area of the bottom face of the magnet while maintaining the space between the magnets. With this configuration, the area of the surface formed by the top end of the pin is increased, improving visibility.

The following description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment.
In the first embodiment, an example of a pin display system will be described. The pin display system 1300 of the first embodiment includes a pin display device 1100 and a magnetic sheet 200, as illustrated in Fig. 18. The pin display device 1100 of the sixth embodiment includes a housing 1110 and 25 pins 1120. The magnetic sheet 200 and the arrangement of the pin display device 1100 and the magnetic sheet 200 are as described in the first embodiment.

<Housing 1110>
The housing 1110 differs from the housing 110 of the first embodiment in that the pin insertion hole 1111 is substantially rectangular prism shaped. The other configurations are the same as those of the housing 110 of the first embodiment. Note that the inner circumference of the substantially rectangular prism shape of the pin insertion hole 111 is set in advance through experiments or the like to be a value slightly larger than the outer circumference of the substantially rectangular prism shape of the pin 1120 so that the substantially rectangular prism shape of the pin 1120 hardly moves in the x or y directions while the substantially rectangular prism shape of the pin 1120 can easily move in both the positive and negative directions in the z direction.

<Pin 1120>
As shown in Fig. 19, each pin 1120 includes a main body portion 1122 and a pot magnet 121, and is inserted into each pin insertion hole 1111 of the housing 1110. One end (the end on the lower side) is a substantially circular shape consisting of the lower surface 121a of the pot magnet 121, and the other end is an upper surface 1120b that is a plane parallel to the lower surface of the housing 1110. The main body portion 1122 has an approximately rectangular prism shape with one end being an approximately square upper surface 1120b (one bottom surface) and the other end being an approximately square lower surface (the other bottom surface). Since the outer shape of the pin 112 depends in large part on the outer shape of the main body portion 1122, the pin 112 as a whole has an approximately rectangular prism shape. A pot magnet 121 is fixed to one end of each main body portion 1122 with the opening of the container (pot) facing outward, and each pin 1120 is inserted into each pin insertion hole 1111 of the housing 1110 with the end with the pot magnet 121 facing in the negative z direction. For example, an adhesive can be used to fix the pot magnet 121 to the main body portion 1122. The area of the upper surface 1120b of the main body portion 1122 is larger than the area of the lower surface 121a of the pot magnet 121.

The pot magnet 121 itself has the same configuration as in the first embodiment. Each pot magnet 121 is fixed to the underside of each main body portion 1122 of each pin 1120 with the underside 121a of the pot magnet 121 facing outward. In other words, each pot magnet 121 is provided on the underside of each main body portion 1122 of each pin 1120 such that the underside 121a of the pot magnet 121 faces the underside of the pin 1120.

Each main body portion 1122 desirably does not block or reduce magnetic field lines, does not control the path of magnetic field lines, does not generate magnetic field lines, is as lightweight as possible, and has a certain rigidity so as to minimize the hindrance of the movement of each pin 1120 in the positive z direction due to the magnetic repulsive force generated between each pot magnet 121 and the magnetic sheet 200. For example, it is preferable that the main body portion 1122 is not deformed by the vertical movement of the pin 1120, its own weight, or by human hands, and is desirably made of a material with a low specific gravity and low elasticity, such as styrene foam (expanded polystyrene or urethane). In this embodiment, the main body portion 1122 has the outer shape of a roughly rectangular prism.

The length of each pin 1120 (i.e., the height of the rectangular prism of each pin 1120) is the same as the depth of each pin insertion hole 1111 (i.e., the height of the rectangular prism of each pin insertion hole 1111) or is longer than the depth (length) of the rectangular prism of each pin insertion hole 1111, as in the first embodiment. The length of the pin 1120 is approximately the same as the sum of the length of the main body portion 1122 (i.e., the height of the rectangular prism of the main body portion 1122) and the length of the pot magnet 121 (i.e., the height of the cylindrical shape of the pot magnet 121).

Also, as in the first embodiment, in order to provide more variety in the display by the pin display device 100, the maximum amount of movement of each pin 120 in the z direction should be large, and the weight of the pin 1120, i.e., the total weight of the pot magnet 121 and the main body portion 1122, should be small.

The depth of each pin insertion hole 1111 must be greater than the maximum amount of movement of each pin 1120 in the z direction, and the length of each pin 1120 must be greater than the maximum amount of movement of each pin 1120 in the z direction.
With this configuration, the area of the surface formed by the upper ends of the pins can be increased while maintaining the pin pitch, thereby improving visibility.

[Seventh embodiment]
The pin display system 1300 described in the sixth embodiment is merely one example, and various modifications can be made to the pin display system 1300 of the sixth embodiment, similar to those described in the second embodiment for the pin display system 300 of the first embodiment. Here, modifications different from the second embodiment will be described.

<Shapes and arrangements of pins 1120 and pin insertion holes 1111>
In the pin display system 1300, it is desirable to increase the surface area formed by the upper ends of the pins 1120 in order to improve visibility. Therefore, it is desirable to arrange the pins 1120 as densely as possible, and it is desirable to arrange the upper surfaces of pins of the same size and shape as densely as possible. This arrangement is also referred to as the "closest pin arrangement" below. By adopting the closest pin arrangement, a high-density pin display can be realized, and a desired magnetic pattern can be displayed with high accuracy. In addition, if the intervals between the upper surfaces 1120b of the pins 1120 are not uniform, unevenness in the display content depending on the position occurs even if the magnetic pattern is the same, so it is desirable to arrange the upper surfaces 1120b of the pins 1120 in a matrix with equal intervals in the x and y directions.

It is desirable that the main body 1122 of the pin 1120 is a cylinder so as not to hinder movement in the z direction as much as possible. For example, the shape of the upper surface 1122b of the main body 1122 may be an N-sided polygon (N is an integer of 3 or more), a circle, an ellipse, a star, a heart, or the like. FIG. 20A shows an example of a square, FIG. 21A shows an example of a circle, FIG. 22A shows an example of a diamond, and FIG. 23A shows an example of a regular hexagon. When the upper surface 1122b of the main body 1122 is a circle, a diamond, a regular hexagon, or the like, the closest-packed pin arrangement is an arrangement in which the center of the shape is the apex of an equilateral triangle. In addition to the pot magnet 121, a cylinder magnetized uniformly in the axial direction, for example, a cylindrical magnet 1121, can be used as the magnet included in the pin 1120. For example, the magnet 1121 can be created by using a magnetic sheet and a drilling tool to hollow out a circle in the magnetic sheet (see Non-Patent Document 1). This configuration can reduce the manufacturing cost of the magnet and the weight of the pin 1120. One end of the pin 1120 is one bottom surface of the cylindrical magnet 1121, and the other end of the pin 1120 is one bottom surface of the cylindrical main body 1122, and the other bottom surface of the magnet 1121 and the other bottom surface of the main body 1122 are fixed in a position where the axes of the respective cylinders are aligned.

In this case, it is desirable that the housing 1110 has pin insertion holes 1111 arranged at equal intervals in the x and y directions in a matrix so that the upper surface of the main body portion of the pins can be arranged with as high a density as possible, and further, it is desirable to have the pin insertion holes 1111 so that the pins are arranged as densely as possible. Each pin insertion hole 1111 is a hole into which the pin 1120 is inserted from the upper surface side of the housing 1110, a hole for allowing the pin 1120 of the column to move in the z direction, and is a column whose central axis is in the z direction. The pin insertion hole 1111 has a shape that matches the shape of the main body portion 1122, and for example, its cross section is a square, a circle, a rhombus, or a regular hexagon. The inner circumference of each pin insertion hole 1111 is set in advance by experiments, etc. as a value slightly larger than the inner circumference of the column of the pin 1120 so that the pin 1120 of the column can easily move in both the positive and negative directions in the z direction, but the pin 1120 of the column hardly moves in the x or y directions.

When considering the pin display system 1300 from the viewpoint of increasing the surface area formed by the upper ends of the pins 1120 to improve visibility, the cross-sectional shape of the upper surface 1122b of the main body portion 1122 and the pin insertion holes 1111 may be an equilateral triangle as shown in FIG. 24A. However, in the case of FIG. 24A, the spacing D1-24A and D2-24A between the magnets in the y direction is not uniform, resulting in unevenness in the display content. By rotating the arrangement of the pins 1120 and the pin insertion holes 1111 by 90 degrees on the xy plane, the spacing D-24B between the magnets in the y direction can be made uniform, but the spacing between the magnets in the x direction will no longer be uniform, resulting in unevenness in the display content.

In the first embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 7, each pin insertion hole 111 in the housing 110 has a bottom to provide a gap 112, but may also penetrate the housing 1110 as illustrated in FIG. 25. In this case, the two parallel, approximately circular bottom surfaces of each pin insertion hole 1111 in the housing 1110 are an upper surface 1111b located within the upper surface 1110b of the housing 1110, and a lower surface 1111a located within the lower surface 1110a of the housing 1110, as illustrated in FIG. 25.

Furthermore, a second housing 1110-2 made of a separate member is attached to the housing 1110 to provide the gap 112 (see Figures 25 and 26).

26, the second housing 1110 has an approximately rectangular parallelepiped outer shape with a bottom surface 1110a-2, which is a plane perpendicular to the z direction, and a top surface, which is a plane that is in the positive direction of the z direction relative to the bottom surface 1110a-2 and parallel to the bottom surface 1110a-2. The second housing 1110 is hollow, and the top surface of the second housing 1110 is open. The material of the second housing 1110-2 is a material that does not block or reduce magnetic field lines, does not control the path of magnetic field lines, and does not generate magnetic field lines, such as plastic, resin, or paper, and is, for example, the same material as the housing 1110. In addition, when pin 1120 is not moving in the positive z direction due to the repulsive force of the magnetic force (the end of pin 1120 on the magnet 1121 side is in contact with the inner surface of second housing 1110, and the bottom surface of second housing 1110-2 is in contact with the top surface of magnetic sheet 200), the length in the z direction between magnet 1121 and the top surface of magnetic sheet 200 is equal to or larger than the length of the magnetic sheet used for magnetic sheet 200 (i.e., a magnet that emits the same magnetic field as magnet 1121) due to the magnetic field emitted by the same magnet used for magnet 1121 (i.e., a magnet that emits the same magnetic field as magnet 1121). A gap 112 must be provided with a length in the z direction that is equal to or greater than the shortest distance at which the polarity of the magnet used in magnet 1121 (i.e., a magnet that emits the same magnetic field as magnet 1121) and the same magnetic sheet used in magnetic sheet 200 (i.e., a magnetic sheet with the same ferromagnetic material and the same mixing ratio as the base material, or the same type of magnetic sheet as magnetic sheet 200) is not rewritten, and is equal to or less than the longest distance at which no magnetic force is generated between the same magnet used in magnet 1121 (i.e., a magnet that emits the same magnetic field as magnet 1121) and the same magnetic sheet used in magnetic sheet 200 (i.e., a magnetic sheet with the same ferromagnetic material and the same mixing ratio as the base material, or the same type of magnetic sheet as magnetic sheet 200).

27 is a diagram for explaining the length of each pin 1120. In the case of such a configuration, the length of each pin 1120 (i.e., the height of the column of each pin 1120) is equal to or longer than the distance _D2 from the top surface 1110b of the housing 1110 to the inner circumferential surface of the second housing _1110-2 parallel to the top surface 1110b.

As shown in FIG. 28, each main body portion 1122 of each pin 1120 may have a convex portion 1122A extending outward from the central axis at the end in the negative z direction. The shape and size of the convex portion 1122A need only be such that it cannot pass through the pin insertion hole 1111 and is large enough so that adjacent convex portions 1122A do not engage with each other. With this configuration, the lower surface 1111a of the pin insertion hole 1111 and the upper surface of the convex portion 1122A come into contact with each other, preventing the pin 1120 from jumping out of the pin insertion hole 1111 when, for example, the pin display device 1300 is turned upside down.

Also, as shown in FIG. 29A, each main body portion 1122 of each pin 1120 may have a convex portion 1122B that extends outward at the end in the positive z direction so as to enlarge the shape of the upper surface 1122b of the main body portion 1122 (e.g., an N-sided shape (N is an integer equal to or greater than 1), a circle, an ellipse, a star, a heart shape). The size of the convex portion 1122B may be such that adjacent convex portions 1122B do not engage with each other. With this configuration, the area of the surface formed by the upper end of the pin per unit area is increased, improving visibility. In this case, the length of each pin 1120 (i.e., the height of the column of each pin 1120) is the same as the distance D ₂ from the upper surface 1110b of the housing 1110 to the inner peripheral surface of the second housing 1110-2 parallel to the upper surface 1110b plus the thickness (length in the z direction) of the protrusion 1122B, or is longer than the distance D ₂ plus the thickness (length in the z direction) of the protrusion 1122B. Note that when the protrusion 1122B is provided, for some reason (for example, the gap between the main body part 1122 and the pin insertion hole 1111 is larger than expected, the pin 1120 moves more obliquely than expected, and a deviation occurs in at least one of the x direction and y direction), the adjacent protrusions 1122B may engage with each other, hindering the movement of the pin 1120 in the z direction. FIG. 29B is an enlarged view of the dashed line portion in FIG. 29A. As shown in FIG. 29B, such problems can be alleviated by rounding the corners of at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the protrusion 1122B.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 30, each body portion 1122 of each pin 1120 may have a protrusion 1122A and a protrusion 1122B.

In the configurations shown in Figures 28 to 30, the axial length of the main body portion 1122 excluding the protrusions 1122A and 1122B is longer than the axial length of the pin insertion hole 1111.

<Shape and arrangement of magnet 1121>
The shape of the magnets 1121 may be a shape other than a cylinder, and may be a cylinder, for example, a polygonal prism. A certain distance must be provided between adjacent magnets 1121 to prevent magnetic field interference, but this depends on the magnetic field distribution of each magnet 1121. For example, if the magnets 1121 have a magnetic field interference range M as shown in Figure 31A, an arrangement such as that shown in Figures 31B and 31C is adopted so that the interference ranges M do not overlap.

In addition, even if the shape of the magnet is the same, the magnetic field distribution may differ depending on the shape of the magnetic field to which it is magnetized. The magnets 1121 in Figures 32A and 33A are prism-shaped with rectangular upper and lower surfaces, but the interference ranges M are different. Therefore, the optimal arrangement changes depending on the area range in which the spacing should be provided. For example, when the magnetic field interference range M of Figure 32A is present, an arrangement as shown in Figure 32B is adopted so that the interference ranges M do not overlap, and when the magnetic field interference range M of Figure 33A is present, an arrangement as shown in Figure 33B is adopted so that the interference ranges M do not overlap.

<Relationship between the strength and spacing of magnets 1121>
When the magnet 1121 is a cylinder, the magnetic field emitted by the magnet 1121 can be increased by increasing the area of the bottom surface. As described in the first embodiment, it is better for the magnetic field emitted by the magnet 1121 of each pin 1120 of the pin display device 1300 to be strong. However, if the magnetic field emitted by the magnet 1121 is too strong, the magnetic force generated between the magnets 1121 of the adjacent pins 1120 will affect the movement of the adjacent pins 1120. Specifically, the magnetic field emitted by the magnet 1121 of each pin 1120 must be such that the magnetic force generated between the magnets 1121 of the adjacent pins 1120 does not affect the movement of the pins 1120. In other words, it is better to prepare a magnet that is maximum in the range where the magnetic field does not affect each other with respect to the pin pitch.

34, a case will be described in which a pin 1120 includes a rectangular prism body 1122 and a cylindrical magnet 1121. The cylindrical magnet 1121 is formed by hollowing out a magnetic sheet in a circular shape.
Let X be the length of the square side of the base of the rectangular prism body 1122, W be the thickness of the wall of the housing 1110 separating adjacent pins 1120, and a be the play between the body 1122 and the wall of the housing 1110. Then, the pin pitch P is given by:
P=X+2a+W
It can be expressed as follows. The play a is the space (gap) between the main body 1122 and the wall to allow the pin 1120 to move smoothly in the z direction, and is usually set to about 0.05 to 0.5 mm. Let m be the weight of the main body 1122 of the pin 1120 ( ^X2 × length of the pin × specific gravity of the material of the main body 1122), d be the diameter of the bottom surface of the cylindrical magnet 1121, and D(d,m) be the distance at which the influence of the magnetic fields of two magnets of diameter d carrying a load of weight m [g] can be ignored.
P≧D(d,m)+d
It is advisable to select the diameter d so that

D(d,m) can be found by experiment or simulation. For example, Figure 35 shows the relationship between diameter d, distance D(d,m), and weight m [g]. We investigated the case where the main body 1122 is not included and the case where the main body 1122 weighs 0.029g. The heavier the main body 1122 is, the smaller the distance D(d,m) at which the influence of each other's magnetic fields can be ignored. Also, at a scale where D(d,m)+d is 10mm or less, D(d,m)+d also increases according to the size of the diameter d of the magnet 1121, so D(d,m)+d can be expressed approximately as a linear function.

For example, if the length of the sides of the square bottom surface of main body portion 1122 is 5 mm, the height (length in the z direction) of main body portion 1122 is 20 mm, the weight of main body portion 1122 is m = 0.029 g, W is the thickness of the wall of casing 1110 separating adjacent pins 1120, W = 1 mm, and the play a = 0.15 mm, then d is 6.3 ≧ d + D (d, 0.029), and d = 4.5 mm is obtained.

<Factors Determining the Configuration of Pins 1120>
The shape, size and material density of main body portion 1122, the thickness W of the wall formed by housing 1110, the play a between main body portion 1122 and the wall formed by housing 1110, the thickness of gap 112 provided in housing 1110, the area and height of the bottom surface of the cylinder of magnet 1121, the shape of magnet 1121 itself, the shape of the magnetic field magnetized in magnet 1121, the arrangement and weight of magnet 1121, and the thickness and magnetic pattern of magnetic sheet 200 are set so that the maximum amount of movement of each pin 1120 in the z direction is the desired value. For example, if the maximum amount of movement of each pin 1120 in the z direction is smaller than a desired value, possible measures include reducing the height of main body portion 1122 to reduce its size, reducing the specific gravity of the material, thinning gap 112 provided in housing 1110 or second housing 1110-2, increasing the area of the bottom surface of the column of magnet 1121, increasing the height of magnet 1121, and increasing the thickness of magnetic sheet 200. Conversely, if pin 1120 jumps out of pin insertion hole 1111 when the amount of movement of pin 1120 in the z direction reaches its maximum value, the opposite measure can be taken.

[Eighth embodiment]
The pin display system 1300 described in the sixth and seventh embodiments can be used in the manners of use described in the third and fourth embodiments, similar to the pin display system 300 of the first embodiment.
Here, a case where the system is used in the manner described in the fourth embodiment will be described.

In this embodiment, as in the fourth embodiment, magnetic patterns (textures with south and north poles) corresponding to each desired display are pre-magnetized at different positions on the top surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, which has an area larger than the bottom surface 1110a of the housing 1110 of the pin display device 1100, and when the bottom surface 1110a of the housing 1110 of the pin display device 1100 and the top surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are in contact or close to each other, the relative position of the pin display device 1100 and the magnetic sheet 200 can be changed in a direction perpendicular to the z direction, and the pin display system 1300 displays various desired displays by changing this relative position. The direction in which the relative position of the pin display device 1100 and the magnetic sheet 200 is changed is the α direction, and the direction perpendicular to the z direction and perpendicular to the α direction is the β direction.

For example, the pin display system is provided with a mechanical mechanism that changes the relative position of the pin display device 1100 and the magnetic sheet 200 in a direction α perpendicular to the z direction. The pin display system 1301 in FIG. 11 includes the pin display device 1100, the magnetic sheet 200, the first roller 210, the second roller 220, the handle 230, and the support 240. In this configuration, the α direction is a predetermined direction, and in the example of FIG. 11, the α direction is the x direction. The β direction is the y direction.

Figure 36 shows an example of a magnetic sheet 200, a magnetic pattern magnetized on the magnetic sheet 200, and a pin 1120.

Each pin 1120 moves in the positive z direction due to the repulsive force caused by the magnetic force generated between each magnet 1121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, and displays information using a three-dimensional point cloud consisting of the upper surface of the pin 1120. When the surface of the magnet 1121 facing the magnetic sheet 200 is the N pole, and the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that is colored dark in FIG. 36 is magnetized to the N pole, as in the magnetic pattern illustrated in FIG. 36 (handwritten magnetic pattern "A" in this example), and the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that is not colored dark in FIG. 36 is magnetized to the S pole, when the lower surface 1110a of the housing 1110 of the pin display device 1100 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 are placed in contact or close proximity, the pin display device 1100 displays information using a three-dimensional point cloud corresponding to the magnetic pattern (handwritten magnetic pattern "A" in this example). That is, on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, the portions facing the magnets 1121 of the multiple pins 1120 that move in the positive z-direction are magnetized with a magnetic pattern consisting of a first portion having the same polarity (e.g., N pole) as the surface of the opposing magnet 1121 facing the magnetic sheet 200, and a second portion surrounding the first portion and having the opposite polarity (e.g., S pole) to the surface of the magnet 1121 facing the magnetic sheet 200. Among the multiple pins 1120 in 00a that move in the positive z direction, the magnetic pattern magnetized in the portion facing the magnet 1121 of the pin 1120 that has a first movement amount in the positive z direction is different from the magnetic pattern magnetized in the portion facing the magnet 1121 of the pin 1120 that has a second movement amount in the positive z direction that is different from the first movement amount.

When magnets 1121 are projected in the α direction, if the spacing between the projected magnets 1121 in the β direction (y direction) is large and the magnetic pattern is smaller than that spacing, the small magnetic pattern may pass between the magnets 1121 and the pin 1120 may not lift properly, as shown in Figure 37. This type of problem is particularly likely to occur when the magnetic pattern is written by hand using a magnet or the like, without using a pattern generator or plotting machine, etc.

To solve this problem, when the magnets 1121 are projected in the α direction, it is preferable that the spacing between the projected magnets 1121 in the β direction (y direction) is as small as possible. It is desirable that at least one of the magnets 1121 arranged at different positions in the β direction reacts to the smallest magnetic pattern expected in the β direction, causing the pin 1120 to lift up. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 38, the magnets 1121 may overlap in the α direction (x direction) and the spacing between the magnets 1121 may be zero in the β direction (y direction). In other words, when the magnets 1121 are projected in the α direction, the projected magnets 1121 may overlap and the spacing between the projected magnets 1121 may be zero.

When each magnet 1121 of each pin 1120 inserted into each pin insertion hole 1111 is projected in the α direction, each pin insertion hole 1111 is provided in the housing 1110 so that the spacing between the projected magnets 1121 in the β direction (y direction) is small. To achieve this, a densest pin arrangement is found that maximizes the surface area formed by the upper ends of the pins per unit area in accordance with the shape of the surface formed by the upper ends of the pins, and the densest pin arrangement is then rotated on the surface on which the densest pin arrangement was found to find an angle at which the spacing between the projected magnets 1121 is small in the β direction (y direction) when the magnets of the pins are projected in the α direction. Pin insertion holes 1111 corresponding to the densest pin arrangement and angle found are provided in the housing 1110, and the pins 1120 are inserted into the pin insertion holes 1111.

For example, when the shape of the top surface 1122b of the main body portion 1122 is a square, both Fig. 20A and Fig. 20B are close-packed pin arrangements, but the arrangement of Fig. 20B, which is rotated 45 degrees from the arrangement of Fig. 20A, has a smaller spacing between the projected magnets 1121 in the β direction (y direction). For example, if the shape of the top surface 1122b is a square, the length of the square side of the base of each square is 5 mm, the diameter d of each magnet 1121 is 3 mm, and the pin pitch is 6.3 mm, in the case of the arrangement of Fig. 20A, the distance between the central axes of the projected magnets 1121 in the β direction (y direction) is the same as the pin pitch of 6.3 mm, and in the case of the arrangement of Fig. 20B, the distance between the central axes of the projected magnets 1121 in the β direction (y direction) is 4.45 mm. Figure 39A is a diagram showing an example of the display state of the pin display device 1100 in the example arrangement of Figure 20A, and Figure 39B is a diagram showing an example of the display state of the pin display device 1100 in the example arrangement of Figure 20B.

21A and 21B show the case where the shape of the upper surface 1122b of the main body portion 1122 is circular, while Figs. 22A and 22B show the case where the shape of the upper surface 1122b of the main body portion 1122 is rhombic, and Figs. 23A and 23B show the case where the shape of the upper surface 1122b of the main body portion 1122 is a regular hexagon, and all of these are close-packed pin arrangements with the center of each shape being the center of an equilateral triangle. In this case, the spacing between the projected magnets 1121 in the β direction (y direction) is smaller in the arrangements of Figs. 21B, 22B, and 23B, which are rotated 90 degrees from the arrangements of Figs. 21A, 22A, and 23A.

[Ninth embodiment]
Forming a magnetic pattern on the magnetic sheet 200 requires the use of a dedicated pattern generator or magnetizer such as a plotting machine, and there is a problem in that the magnetic pattern cannot be written, erased, or changed at any time.

The operation display device of this embodiment has a magnetic sheet drive unit that moves the magnetic sheet, a drawing window unit where a sheet that visualizes a magnetic pattern (hereinafter also referred to as the "magnetic visualization sheet") is placed on the magnetic sheet and a magnetic pattern is written from the magnetic visualization sheet by a magnet, and a display unit where a device that operates by magnetism is placed on the magnetic sheet. Here, the pin display device described in the first to eighth embodiments can be used as the device that operates by magnetism on the magnetic sheet, and in this example, the pin display device 1100 is used. As described in the eighth embodiment, when moving the magnetic sheet, the spacing between the projected magnets 1121 in the β direction (y direction) of the pin display device 1100 is made as small as possible so that it can operate appropriately even with small magnetic patterns.

This configuration makes it possible to move the magnetic sheet while visually checking the operating status of the device installed on the display unit at any time and to form (write) and modify the magnetic pattern, making it possible to interactively design the magnetic pattern according to the operating status of the device installed on the display unit.

FIG. 40 is a perspective view illustrating the operation display device 2301, and FIG. 41 is a side view illustrating the operation display device 2301. The operation display device 2301 includes a magnetic sheet 200, a motor 205, a first roller 210, a second roller 220, a magnetic visualization sheet 2350, a drawing window portion 2351, a pin display device 1100, a display portion 2360, a support 240, and a magnetic pattern erasing portion 2370.

<First Roller 210, Second Roller 220, and Motor 205>
The magnetic sheet 200 is in the form of an endless belt. The first roller 210 and the second roller 220 are supported by a support 240, and are arranged so that their respective axes are parallel to each other, and support the endless belt-like magnetic sheet 200 from the lower surface 200b side.

Motor 205, for example, a stepping motor, is fixed to second roller 220, and when the stepping motor is rotated, second roller 220 rotates at the same time. Magnetic visualization sheet 2350, pin display device 1100, and magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 are arranged in this order in the positive x-direction. With the lower surface of magnetic visualization sheet 2350, the lower surface of housing 1110 of pin display device 1100, and the lower surface of magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 in contact or close proximity with upper surface 200a of magnetic sheet 200, drawing window 2351, display unit 2360, and magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 are supported by support 240. Note that magnetic visualization sheet 2350 is supported by support 240 via drawing window 2351, and pin display device 1100 is supported by support 240 via display unit 2360.

As a result, by rotating the motor 205 clockwise or counterclockwise, the first roller 210 and the second roller 220 rotate in the same direction as the motor 205, and with the lower surface of the magnetic visualization sheet 2350, the lower surface of the housing 1110 of the pin display device 1100, and the lower surface of the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 placed in contact or close proximity with the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, the relative positions of the magnetic visualization sheet 2350, the pin display device 1100, and the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 to the magnetic sheet 200 can be changed in the x direction, which is perpendicular to the z direction.

In this example, the first roller 210, the second roller 220, and the motor 205 correspond to the magnetic sheet drive unit. The motor 205 is, for example, a stepping motor, and the rotation direction, rotation speed, etc. can be easily controlled by a microcomputer. The motor 205 may be configured to automatically feed out at a constant speed. Also, a switch may be provided to control the speed (including speed = 0) and direction at which the magnetic sheet 200 is fed out, and the user may operate the motor by pressing the switch. Also, for example, the magnetic sheet 200 for one screen displayed in the drawing window 2351 may be fed out at regular intervals or by pressing a specified switch, etc.

Also, an input information reading unit (not shown) may be provided to read the written magnetic pattern and control the motor based on the read rotation direction, rotation speed, etc. For example, the input information reading unit includes a camera, an image recognition unit, and a motor control unit, and the camera takes an image of the magnetic visualization sheet 2350, the image recognition unit performs image recognition processing on the captured image, and the motor control unit controls the motor 205 according to the recognition result. Note that a device for reading the magnetic pattern may be provided instead of the camera, and the recognition unit may perform recognition processing on the magnetic pattern read. For example, if the recognition result represents the text "play" or some symbol (e.g., ">") or gesture (e.g., a gesture of tapping a specific position on the magnetic visualization sheet 2350) that means playback, the motor control unit rotates the motor 205 clockwise at a predetermined speed. The motor control unit can control the rotation direction, rotation speed, rotation time, number of rotations, etc. of the motor 205. Also, for example, if the recognition result indicates the text "erase" or some other symbol (e.g., an eraser mark) or gesture (e.g., a gesture of double-tapping a specific position on the magnetic visualization sheet 2350) that indicates erasure, the motor control unit rotates the motor 205 clockwise or counterclockwise at a predetermined speed until a certain position on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 makes a full revolution and returns to its original position. Through this process, the entire upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 can be magnetized to the desired magnetic pole by the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370, which will be described later, and the magnetic pattern can be reset.

By using the motor 205, it is expected that the time between input and output will be shortened. This will increase the interactivity of the 3D presentation, making it possible to realize a 3D presentation that feels like drawing a picture. However, a handle may be provided instead of the motor 205, and the magnetic sheet may be driven by the user rotating the handle clockwise or counterclockwise, as described in the fourth embodiment.

<Drawing window portion 2351 and magnetic visualization sheet 2350>
In the drawing window 2351, a magnetic visualization sheet 2350 is placed on the magnetic sheet 200, and a magnetic pattern is written from above the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 using a magnet.

The magnetic visualization sheet 2350 is a sheet that allows visual confirmation of the strength of the magnetic field and the boundary between magnetic poles of a magnetic sheet placed in contact with or close to the magnetic visualization sheet 2350. For example, the sheet in Reference 1 is conceivable.
(Reference 1) "Magnet Viewer", [online], [searched on September 17, 2023], Internet <URL: https://www.amazon.co.jp/magfine-%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B0%E3%83%8D%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%93%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A2-200x200-mm/dp/B0125WO82Q>
In this example, the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 includes a film-like sheet and a magnetic material encapsulated in microcapsules, with the magnetic material encapsulated in microcapsules sandwiched between the film-like sheet. When the magnetic material comes into contact with a magnet (which generates magnetic field lines), it reacts and changes direction, and the color changes due to the change in light reflectance, allowing the user to visually perceive the strength of the magnetic field and the boundary between magnetic poles.

<Display unit 2360 and pin display device 1100>
The display unit 2360 has a pin display device 1100 arranged on a magnetic sheet 200, which is a device that operates by magnetism.

<Magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370>
The magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 is a strong magnet that can magnetize the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 to a desired magnetic pole by contacting or bringing it close to the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200. The length of the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 in the y direction is equal to or greater than the length of the magnetic sheet 200 in the y direction. For example, the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 is a neodymium magnet, which is a strong magnet. The magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 plays a role in resetting the magnetic pattern on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, and is disposed in a location other than between the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 and the pin display device 1100.

<Example of operation>
An example of the operation of the operation display device 2301 will be described.
For example, the entire upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 facing the lower surface of the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 is magnetized to the south pole.

The desired magnetic pattern can be magnetized by contacting the S pole of a magnet with the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that corresponds to the desired magnetic pattern through the magnetic visualization sheet 2350. When magnetizing the portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that corresponds to the desired magnetic pattern, for example, a magnetizer with a neodymium magnet at its tip is used in the drawing window portion 2351, and the tip of the magnetizer is pressed against the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 through the magnetic visualization sheet 2350, and the tip of the magnetizer is moved so as to draw the portion that corresponds to the desired magnetic pattern. With this configuration, the user can visually check the strength and weakness of the magnetic field of the magnetic sheet 200 and the boundary between the magnetic poles through the magnetic visualization sheet 2350. When magnetizing the desired magnetic pattern on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, other magnets such as a stamp with a magnetic sheet cut into a shape that corresponds to the desired magnetic pattern may be used.

After the desired magnetic pattern is magnetized on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, the motor 205 is rotated clockwise, and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, on which the desired magnetic pattern is magnetized, advances from the lower surface of the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 to the lower surface 1110a of the housing 1110 of the pin display device 1100.

When there is a repulsive force due to the magnetic force generated between each magnet 1121 of each pin 1120 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, each pin 1120 moves in the positive z direction (i.e., a direction that at least includes the direction opposite to gravity) due to the repulsive force, and information is displayed using a three-dimensional point cloud.

At this time, if the user wants to check the operating status of the device and correct the operation, he or she rotates the motor 205 counterclockwise to move the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, on which the magnetic pattern has been magnetized, toward the lower surface of the magnetic visualization sheet 2350, and while visually checking the strength of the magnetic field of the magnetic sheet 200 and the boundary between the magnetic poles through the magnetic visualization sheet 2350, for example, using a magnetizer with the south pole of a neodymium magnet at its tip, press the tip of the magnetizer against the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 through the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 and move the tip of the magnetizer so as to draw the part corresponding to the magnetic pattern to be corrected.

For example, if the underside (not shown) of the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 is the north pole of a powerful neodymium magnet, when the underside of the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 is placed in contact with or close proximity to the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 moves in the positive x-direction, the entire upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 can be magnetized to the south pole, and the magnetic pattern can be reset.

With this configuration, users can easily write magnetic patterns using magnets without using a dedicated pattern generator or magnetizer such as a plotting machine. Furthermore, they can immediately check the actual operating status of the pin display device that operates according to the magnetic pattern, and can modify the magnetic pattern taking into account the actual operating status, allowing for interactive design of magnetic patterns.

[Tenth embodiment]
The operation display device 2301 described in the ninth embodiment is merely an example, and various modifications are possible as described in the tenth embodiment.

<Arrangement of Multiple Drawing Windows 2351>
42, two drawing windows 2351 and two magnetic visualization sheets 2350 may be arranged for one pin display device. In each drawing window 2351, each magnetic visualization sheet 2350 is arranged on the magnetic sheet 200, and a magnetic pattern is written from above each magnetic visualization sheet 2350 by a magnet.

By configuring in this way, of the two drawing windows 2351 aligned in the positive x-direction, the magnetic pattern written in the first drawing window 2351 can be corrected in the second drawing window 2351. Three or more drawing windows 2351 and magnetic visualization sheets 2350 may be arranged.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 43, two display units 2360 and pin display devices 1100 may be arranged for the operation display device 2301 of FIG. 42. Each display unit 2360 is arranged on the magnetic sheet 200, and each pin display device 1100 is a device that operates by magnetism.

By configuring in this way, of the two drawing windows 2351 and display units 2360 lined up in the positive x-direction, the operating status of the first pin display device 1100 in response to the magnetic pattern written in the first drawing window 2351 can be confirmed in the first display unit 2360, the magnetic pattern can be corrected in the second drawing window 2351 taking into account the actual operating status, and the operating status of the second pin display device 1100 in response to the corrected magnetic pattern can be confirmed in the second display unit 2360. Three or more display units 2360 and pin display devices 1100 may be arranged.

<Position of magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370>
In the ninth embodiment, the magnetic visualization sheet 2350, the pin display device 1100 and the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 are arranged in this order in the positive direction of the x direction, but since it is sufficient for the magnetic pattern written on the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 to be displayed on the pin display device 1100, the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 may be arranged anywhere other than between the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 and the pin display device 1100, and for example, the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370, the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 and the pin display device 1100 may be arranged in this order in the positive direction of the x direction.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 44, when the lifting unit 2371 for raising and lowering the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 is included, the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 may be disposed between the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 and the pin display device 1100. The lifting unit 2371 is supported by the support 240, and lowers the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 to a state in which the lower surface of the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 is in contact with or close to the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, or raises the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 so that the distance from the lower surface of the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 to the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is equal to or greater than the shortest distance that does not weaken the magnetic force of the same magnetic sheet used for the magnetic sheet 200 due to the magnetic field emitted by the same magnet used for the magnet 1121.

When the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 facing the lower surface of the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 is advanced in the positive x-direction, the lifting unit 2371 raises the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370, and the magnetic pattern written in the drawing window unit 2351 is displayed on the display unit 2360. On the other hand, when the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 facing the lower surface of the housing of the pin display device 1100 is advanced in the negative x-direction, the lifting unit 2371 lowers the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370, and erases the written magnetic pattern. Note that when erasing the magnetic pattern, an operation for erasing the magnetic pattern (for example, pressing a switch or an operation using an input information reading unit) may be performed in addition to an operation for advancing the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 facing the lower surface of the housing of the pin display device 1100 in the negative x-direction.

In this example, the ends of the magnetic sheet 200 in the x direction are fixed to the first roller 210 and the second roller 220, respectively, and the two motors 205 are fixed to the first roller 210 and the second roller 220, respectively. By rotating the motor 205 fixed to the second roller 220 clockwise, the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 advances in the positive direction of the x direction, and by rotating the motor 205 fixed to the first roller 210 counterclockwise, the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 advances in the negative direction of the x direction.

[Eleventh embodiment]
In the ninth and tenth embodiments, the operation display device 2301 is intended to display the magnetic pattern written on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, but the three-dimensional shape presented by the pin display device 1100 may be used for games, etc. The increased interactivity of the operation display device 2301 makes such applications possible.

<Example of use as a game>
For example, in the example of Figure 45, an enemy 2401 and an ally 2402 are placed on the top of the pin display device 1100, and the action display device 2301 is used in a game in which the enemy is defeated by using a three-dimensional object corresponding to a magnetic pattern written on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200.

In the example of FIG. 46, for example, a ball 2404 is placed on top of the pin display device 1100, and the motion display device 2301 is used in a game in which the ball 2404 is carried to the goal at the end in the positive x direction by using a solid object corresponding to the magnetic pattern written on the top surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200.

Furthermore, by combining a camera, an image recognition unit, a projector, etc., it is possible to further increase interactivity. For example, a camera can capture an image of the top surface of the pin display device 1100, the image recognition unit can perform image recognition processing on the captured image, and a projector can be used to overlay the images into a three-dimensional shape, thereby enabling projection mapping, thereby increasing interactivity and enabling a greater variety of expressions.

Furthermore, a configuration that combines a camera, an image recognition unit, a projector, etc. to perform projection mapping can be used not only as a game, but also in combination with the pin display systems of the sixth to eighth embodiments and the motion display devices of the ninth and tenth embodiments. By pasting images onto a three-dimensional shape and coloring them, a greater variety of expressions becomes possible.

Other examples of the usage of the operation display device 2301 include the following.
(1) Use as an interactive advertising medium A desired advertisement is written in advance on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 using a magnetic pattern. The upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is advanced in the positive x-direction by the motor 205 so that the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 on which the advertisement is written using a magnetic pattern faces the lower surface of the drawing window portion 2351. A user can check the advertisement written in advance on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 through the magnetic visualization sheet 2350. The user can write the desired text on the advertisement. For example, writing can be performed by contacting a magnet through the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 with a portion of the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 that corresponds to the desired writing.

Furthermore, the motor 205 is rotated clockwise, and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, on which a magnetic pattern that has been modified by adding the user's writing to the previously written magnetic pattern, is magnetized, and moves from the lower surface of the magnetic visualization sheet 2350 to the lower surface 1110a of the housing 1110 of the pin display device 1100.

When there is a repulsive force due to magnetic force generated between each magnet 1121 of each pin 1120 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200, each pin 1120 moves in the positive z direction (i.e., a direction that at least includes the direction opposite to gravity) due to the repulsive force, and information is displayed using a three-dimensional point cloud.
This configuration allows users to write their own comments on the advertisements being displayed.

(2) Shape Transmission By combining two motion display devices 2301, a three-dimensional shape can be transmitted.
A device for reading a magnetic pattern is disposed between the drawing window 2351 and the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 of the operation display device 2301 on the side that reads the magnetic pattern, reads the magnetic pattern written in the drawing window 2351, and transmits the read magnetic pattern via a transmission unit to the operation display device 2301 on the writing side. A device for writing the received magnetic pattern onto the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is disposed in a location other than between the display unit 2360 and the magnetic pattern erasing unit 2370 of the operation display device 2301 on the writing side. With this configuration, the shape can be transmitted. By disposing a device for reading a magnetic pattern and a device for writing a magnetic pattern on each of the two operation display devices 2301, magnetic pattern data can be sent in both directions to transmit the shape.

(3) Control of Motor 205 The motor 205 included in the magnetic sheet driving unit that moves the magnetic sheet may be controlled using input values or electrical signals from other sensors.

[Twelfth embodiment]
In the pin display device 1100, when a large convex surface as shown in Fig. 47A is expressed by magnetizing the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 with a magnetic pole opposite to the magnetic pole magnetized on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 using a magnet as shown in Fig. 47B and filling in a desired magnetic pattern corresponding to the large convex surface, the magnetic field lines are concentrated at the boundary between the magnetic poles as shown in Fig. 47C, and it is difficult to generate magnetic field lines in the central portion, so that the pins in the central portion do not rise and are expressed as recessed as shown in Fig. 47D, and information corresponding to the desired magnetic pattern cannot be displayed. To explain in more detail, in addition to the problem of the conventional technology that the surface area formed by the upper ends of the pins per unit area becomes smaller and visibility decreases when the interval between adjacent pins is expanded, there is a problem that when a large magnetic pattern is expressed, the pins in the central portion do not rise and are expressed as recessed, and information corresponding to the desired magnetic pattern cannot be displayed. The objective of this embodiment is to provide a pin display device and pin display system that can display information corresponding to a large magnetic pattern that is highly visible and has a large surface area formed by the upper ends of the pins while maintaining the pin pitch.

Therefore, by using a magnetizer as shown in Figure 48A, which writes a magnetic pattern in which the magnetic pole that lifts the pin 1120 is located directly under the magnet 1121 of the pin 1120, it is possible to magnetize the magnetic pattern as shown in Figure 48B, generate uniform magnetic lines of force, and form magnetic lines in the central portion as well, presenting a large convex surface as shown in Figure 48C, and displaying information corresponding to the desired magnetic pattern.

In order to generate magnetic lines of force uniformly, in this embodiment, the magnetic pattern is magnetized in a stripe shape as shown in FIG. 48B. As shown in FIG. 49, the magnets 1121 are arranged so that when the magnets 1121 are projected in the α direction (the direction that changes the relative position of the pin display device 1100 and the magnetic sheet 200, for example the x direction), there is a gap between the projected magnets in the β direction (the direction perpendicular to the z direction and perpendicular to the α direction, for example the y direction), and a magnetic pattern consisting of the same magnetic pole as the magnetic pole (for example the N pole) of the magnet 1121 is written on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 directly below the magnet 1121 whose position changes relatively. The width of the darkly colored portion of the stripes in FIG. 49 is, for example, the length of the magnet 1121 in the β direction, and the spacing of the stripes is, for example, the same spacing as the spacing between the projected magnets 1121 in the β direction. However, this is just one example, and the width of the darkly colored stripe portion may be any width that allows the desired amount of movement of the pin 1120 in the z direction to be achieved by the repulsive force caused by the magnetic force generated between the magnet 1121 and the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200. Also, the spacing between the stripes may be sufficient to generate magnetic field lines evenly.

The following methods can be considered as a way to magnetize the magnetic pattern into stripes:

(1) A thin sheet made of a material with high magnetic permeability, such as iron or stainless steel, is cut into the desired shape to use as a masking sheet, and magnets for writing magnetic patterns, each having the same length as the length of magnets 1121 in the β direction, are arranged on top of the masking sheet at intervals equal to the interval between magnets 1121 projected in the β direction, and slid in the x direction to magnetize a striped magnetic pattern. Note that magnets with the opposite magnetic pole to the magnets for writing magnetic patterns may be placed between the magnets for writing magnetic patterns, and magnetized with the opposite magnetic pole to the striped magnetic pattern.

(2) Magnetize the material using a stamp equipped with a magnetic sheet that corresponds to the desired striped magnetic pattern as shown in Figure 49.

On the other hand, by magnetizing the entire pin with a magnetic pattern that lifts it, it is possible to create a concave effect only in the areas where the handwritten pattern is written.

In this case, first, the entire upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 is magnetized in a striped pattern as shown in Figure 50A. Possible methods for magnetizing the magnetic pattern in a striped pattern include arranging magnets for writing the magnetic pattern, each having the same length as the length of the magnets 1121 in the β direction, at intervals equal to the intervals between the projected magnets 1121 in the β direction, and sliding them in the x direction to magnetize the striped magnetic pattern, or magnetizing the pattern using a stamp equipped with a striped magnetic sheet.

Using a writing magnet with the same magnetic pole as magnet 1121 (e.g., north pole), the portion of upper surface 200a of magnetic sheet 200 that is to be recessed is magnetized with the opposite magnetic pole (e.g., south pole) to that of magnet 1121, eliminating the stripes (see Figure 50B).

By placing the display device 1100 on the upper surface 200a of the magnetic sheet 200 as shown in FIG. 50B, only the portion corresponding to the desired shape can be recessed as shown in FIG. 50C, allowing the desired information to be displayed.

[Thirteenth embodiment]
The following description will focus on the differences from the ninth embodiment.
Instead of the pin display device, the operation display device 2301 may be configured to include a device that operates by magnetism on the magnetic sheet 200. Any device that operates by magnetism may be used, and examples of such devices include the toy (see Figs. 51A and 51B) and music device (see Fig. 51C) in Non-Patent Document 1, and the toy in Reference Document 2.
(Reference 2) "Magnetact Animal Opening", [online], [searched on September 17, 2023], Internet <URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZ1CE_zbxp0>
The toys in Figures 51A and 51B and Reference 2 are devices in which a part of an object is moved by a magnetic pattern, and the musical device in Figure 51C is a device that generates a sound according to a magnetic pattern. By arranging a device that operates by magnetism in this way on the display unit 2360, as in the ninth embodiment, it becomes possible to form (write) and correct a magnetic pattern while checking the operating status of the device placed on the display unit at any time while moving the magnetic sheet, so that it becomes possible to interactively design a magnetic pattern according to the operating status of the device placed on the display unit.

[Other Modifications, etc.]
It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and appropriate modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (6)

a magnetic sheet driving unit that moves the magnetic sheet;
a drawing window portion in which a magnetic visualization sheet for visualizing a magnetic pattern is placed on the magnetic sheet and a magnetic pattern is written from above the magnetic visualization sheet by a magnet;
and a display unit on which a device that operates by magnetism is placed on the magnetic sheet. 2. The motion display device of claim 1,
a strong magnet that can magnetize the upper surface of the magnetic sheet to a desired magnetic pole by contacting or bringing it close to the upper surface of the magnetic sheet, the magnet having a length equal to or greater than the length of the magnetic sheet in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the magnetic sheet and perpendicular to at least the negative direction of the direction in which gravity acts, and a magnetic pattern erasing unit that is disposed in a location other than between the magnetic visualization sheet and the device;
Operation indicator. 2. The motion display device of claim 1,
a magnetic pattern erasing unit that is a strong magnet that can be brought into contact with or close to the upper surface of the magnetic sheet to magnetize the upper surface of the magnetic sheet with a desired magnetic pole, the magnetic pattern erasing unit having a length equal to or greater than the length of the magnetic sheet in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the magnetic sheet and in a direction perpendicular to at least the negative direction in which gravity acts, and that is disposed between the magnetic visualization sheet and the device;
a lifting unit for lifting and lowering the magnetic pattern erasing unit,
when the upper surface of the magnetic sheet facing the lower surface of the magnetic visualization sheet is advanced to a position facing the lower surface of the device, the lifting unit lifts the magnetic pattern erasing unit so that the distance from the lower surface of the magnetic pattern erasing unit to the upper surface of the magnetic sheet is equal to or greater than the shortest distance that does not weaken the magnetic force of the same magnetic sheet used for the magnetic sheet due to a magnetic field emitted by the same magnet as used for the magnet, and when the upper surface of the magnetic sheet facing the lower surface of the device is advanced to a position facing the lower surface of the magnetic visualization sheet, the lifting unit lowers the magnetic pattern erasing unit until the lower surface of the magnetic pattern erasing unit is positioned in contact with or close to the upper surface of the magnetic sheet.
Operation indicator. 2. The motion display device of claim 1,
The magnetic sheet driving unit includes a motor, and moves the magnetic sheet by rotation of the motor.
13. An operation display device comprising: 2. The motion display device of claim 1,
The device comprises:
A pin display device having a housing and a plurality of pins,
The direction in which gravity acts is defined as the negative z-direction, and the lower surface of the housing is brought into contact with or close to the upper surface of the magnetic sheet for use as a pin display system,
the housing includes a bottom surface of the housing that is a plane perpendicular to the z direction, an upper surface of the housing that is in a positive direction of the z direction with respect to the bottom surface of the housing, and pin insertion holes the same number as the pins;
Each of the pin insertion holes is a hole into which the pin is inserted,
The pin insertion holes, the number of which is the same as the number of pins, are located at different positions in a plane perpendicular to the z direction,
The material of the housing is a material that does not block or reduce magnetic field lines, does not control the path of magnetic field lines, and does not generate magnetic field lines;
each of the pins includes a cylindrical main body and a cylindrical magnet, the magnet is uniformly magnetized in the axial direction, one end of each of the pins is one bottom surface of the magnet and the other end of each of the pins is one bottom surface of the main body, the area of the bottom surface of the main body is larger than the area of the bottom surface of the magnet, and one end of each of the pins which is one bottom surface of the magnet is inserted into the pin insertion hole with the one end facing in the negative z direction,
Each of the magnets emits a magnetic field capable of moving the pin equipped with the magnet in the positive z-direction by a repulsive force caused by a magnetic force generated between the magnet and the upper surface of the magnetic sheet when the pin equipped with the magnet is inserted into the pin insertion hole,
the interval between adjacent pin insertion holes is equal to or greater than the shortest distance at which the magnetic force generated between the magnets of the pins inserted into the adjacent pin insertion holes does not affect the movement of the pins,
This motion display device is characterized in that, when the pin is not moving in the positive z direction due to the repulsive force of the magnetic force, there is a gap between the magnet and the upper surface of the magnetic sheet, the length of which in the z direction is greater than the shortest distance over which a magnetic sheet of the same type as the magnetic sheet is not rewritten by a magnetic field emitted by a magnet that emits the same magnetic field as the magnet. 6. The motion display device of claim 5,
The magnets are arranged such that, when the magnets are projected in the α direction, which is the direction in which the magnetic sheet is moved, there is a gap between the magnets when projected in the β direction, which is perpendicular to the z direction and perpendicular to the α direction;
A magnetic pattern having the same magnetic pole as that of the magnet is written on the upper surface of the magnetic sheet directly below the magnet whose position changes relatively.
13. An operation display device comprising:

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