WO2025067762A1 - Composite pane with integrated control component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite pane (100) at least comprising: - a first pane (1) with an inner surface (III) and an outer surface (IV), - a second pane (2) with an inner surface (II) and an outer surface (I), - a thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) which connects the inner surface (III) of the first pane (1) and the inner surface (II) of the second pane (2) over the surfaces thereof, - at least one electrically conductive functional coating (3) which is applied onto at least one section of the inner surface (III) of the first pane (1) and/or at least one section of the inner surface (II) of the second pane (2), and - a control module which is functionally connected to the electrically conductive functional coating (3) and comprises at least one control component (6). The invention is characterized in that the control component (6) is received in a recess (7) in the thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) and is electrically insulated from the electrically conductive functional coating (3) by an insulating film (5) arranged at least in the region of the recess (7).

Description

Composite disc with integrated control component

The invention relates to a composite pane with an integrated control component, in particular an integrated temperature sensor for a heating system, as well as a method for its production and the use of such a composite pane.

Laminated panes made of two or more glass or polymer panes are used in a variety of ways, for example in buildings or in vehicles of all kinds, especially in motor vehicles as windscreens, rear windows, side windows and/or roof windows.

Increasingly, one or more functional coatings are being applied to individual sides of the panes, for example, with infrared-reflecting, anti-reflective, or low-E properties. The use of panes with these functional coatings can, for example, improve climate comfort in vehicles and achieve energy savings.

Another function of functional, electrically conductive layers in vehicle windows is to keep the field of vision free of ice and fogging. Electrical heating layers are known (see, for example, WO 2010/043598 A1), which cause targeted heating of the window by applying an electrical voltage. WO 2003/024155 A2, US 2007/0082219 A1, US 2007/0020465 A1 and WO 2012/052315 A1, for example, disclose such a heatable, electrically conductive coating based on metal and in particular based on a layer structure of one or more silver-containing layers. The electrical contacting of the heating layer is usually achieved via bus bars that typically run along the upper and lower edges of the window. The bus bars collect the current flowing through the electrical heating layer and conduct it to external leads that are connected to a voltage source. The voltage applied to the electric heating layer is usually controlled by external switches, which in vehicles are integrated, for example, into a dashboard. The aim is to achieve the most direct and reliable control and regulation of the heating layer possible.

It is also known to form sensor buttons by a line or area electrode or by an arrangement of two coupled electrodes, for example as capacitive sensor buttons. Examples can be found in US 2007/0194216 A1. Surface electrodes for sensor switches can be integrated into glazing without additional components. It is known to form a sensor switch by means of separating lines in the functional layer to be controlled. For example, WO 2015/162107 discloses an electrical heating layer with an integrated sensor switch for its control. However, if a sensor switch is formed in a functional layer, this generally requires costly stripping of the functional layer using a laser beam to introduce the structuring separating lines. Furthermore, the sensor switch is limited to the design of the functional layer.

Tests have shown that integrating components such as sensors for controlling a heating layer into the laminated pane, i.e. between the outer and inner panes, is problematic. This is because the usual thermoplastic intermediate layer is not sufficient to reliably prevent electrical contact with the heating layer. Therefore, reliable control functionality cannot be safely and permanently guaranteed by or with the aid of these control components. An additional problem arises from the fact that the control components can be destroyed during the manufacturing process, particularly due to the pressure exerted between the panes during lamination to form the laminated pane, or that the thermoplastic intermediate layer can press against the electrically conductive heating layer, with the consequences already mentioned.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a composite pane with at least one functional, electrically conductive coating, in particular an internal heating coating, into which a control component intended for this purpose, in particular for forming a heating system, can be integrated in a simple, cost-effective manner in a functionally reliable and as unobtrusive a manner as possible. The composite pane with the integrated control components should be simple and cost-effective to manufacture.

These and other objects are achieved by a composite pane according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

The invention relates to a composite pane, comprising at least a first pane with an inner surface III and an outer surface IV, a second pane with an inner surface II and an outer surface I. The The first pane and the second pane are connected to one another over their surface by a thermoplastic intermediate layer. At least one functional, electrically conductive coating, preferably a heating layer, is applied to at least part of the inner surface III of the first pane and is functionally connected to a control module. The control module comprises at least one control component, in particular a resistive or capacitive sensor. The control component is accommodated in a recess in the thermoplastic intermediate layer and is electrically insulated from the functional, electrically conductive coating by an insulating film arranged at least in the region of the recess. The inner side III of the first pane is arranged facing the inner side II of the second pane.

According to the invention, a composite pane with a control module is provided with at least one discreetly integrated control component, in particular for a heating system with an internal, electrically conductive heating layer. The control component is mounted between the panes in a recess of the thermoplastic intermediate layer and is reliably electrically insulated from the heating layer by the insulation film, thus ensuring flawless and long-lasting functionality. The control module can comprise additional functional components, such as all necessary connections, lines to a power supply or communicative connections to a control unit and/or additional sensors.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the control component is a thermistor, in particular a PTC thermistor or NTC thermistor. A thermistor is an electrical resistor whose value changes reproducibly with temperature. Thermistors are divided into the two groups mentioned above according to their temperature behavior: NTC thermistors, which have a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) and conduct electricity better when hot than when cold, and PTC thermistors, which have a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) and conduct electricity better when cold than when hot. Metals, semiconducting ceramic materials, such as metal oxides or silicon, are used as resistance materials. According to the invention, the thermistor can, for example, be a small, wired chip for power supply and functional connection to a control unit, for example with a size (LxWxH) of approximately 1 mm x 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm. This size is given only as an example and is not to be understood as limiting. The size can be adapted to use in the selected intermediate layer of the laminated pane. This enables the integration of the thermistor with its functionality into the laminated pane according to the invention, namely into a recess in the intermediate layer, without this control component being destroyed during production or the (glass) panes breaking, for example, during lamination.

Particularly preferably, the recess of the thermoplastic intermediate layer has a volume that is at least 10% larger, preferably at least 15% larger, and in particular at least 20% larger than the volume of the control component. This provides more design flexibility when arranging the control component in the recess and during the production of the composite pane, and the processes are simplified. In particular, this also results in less damage to the thermistor or the composite pane as a result of the pressure during the lamination process.

The control component can also be referred to as a sensor element or switching element. Advantageously, the thermistors preferably used are usually almost wear-free, which ensures the reliability of the temperature measurement and/or the switching function by the thermistor for the long-term operation of a heating system with the heating layer. Thermistors are commercially available in suitable shapes, functions, and sizes. The thermistor can, for example, act as a temperature-dependent, self-switching switch in the control module to connect or disconnect the heating layer from the power supply. If a predefined limit temperature is exceeded, the thermistor can disconnect the heating layer from the voltage source and/or connect it if the temperature falls below a further limit temperature other than a lower limit temperature. The thermistor can therefore, for example, prevent impending overheating of the heating layer and any resulting delamination of the thermoplastic intermediate layer of the composite pane according to the invention, or automate the power supply to the heating layer if, for example, the outside temperature falls below 0 °C. Preferably, the control component, for example a thermistor, is designed not to directly connect or disconnect the electrically conductive layer, in particular the heating layer, to a voltage source, but is functionally coupled (connected) to a power connection, which is connected, for example, to a control unit or the on-board computer of a vehicle that controls or regulates the heating of the window pane. Activation or deactivation of the electrically operable heating layer can occur when the control module is set to a corresponding switching temperature or limit temperature. This also prevents unnecessary heating, for example of a windshield, by the heating layer and optimizes the energy consumption of the motor vehicle, which is an important aspect, especially in electric vehicles. Thermistors are proven, commercially available components that can advantageously be integrated cost-effectively.

In a preferred embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention, the control component is thus functionally connected to a control unit, in particular a power electronics unit, such as an on-board computer of a vehicle.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the control component is functionally connected to one or more further, identical or different control components. If the control component is, for example, a thermistor, this can be functionally connected to further sensors, for example temperature sensors of the same or different type, or for example to humidity sensors. This has the advantage that an appropriately connected control unit can control the heating layer even more reliably, for example with regard to the ambient conditions. For example, it has previously been common practice to attach humidity sensors and/or temperature sensors to the outer window of a vehicle to supply measurement data for the control system.

The control component can be arranged in an edge region of the composite pane. Arranging the control component at the edge also has the advantage that the wiring and signal paths can be shortened. According to the invention, the edge is preferably understood to be an area of 1 cm to 25 cm from the edges of the pane. For windshields, the edge is understood to be an area outside the legally defined central field of vision for a driver. Advantageously, the control components do not necessarily have to be arranged in the area of a conventional masking print (black print), since they can advantageously be integrated very discreetly and visually barely perceptibly into the laminated pane. In one embodiment, the control component can be arranged approximately 20 mm from the edge of a masking area towards the center of the pane. However, it is still possible to arrange the control components in such a way that they are at least partially concealed by a black or decorative print. This can possibly further improve the external appearance of the laminated pane.

In a further preferred embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention, the insulation film is a film containing polyethylene terephthalate (PET), preferably a film made of PET. This material has the advantage that it is commercially available as a film in various layer thicknesses and has already proven itself in use in composite panes, particularly in vehicle windows. This is primarily due to the advantageous material properties, in particular transparency, adhesive properties, and compatibility with the materials commonly used for the production of composite panes, particularly vehicle windows, such as glass and polyvinyl butyral films (PVB).

The insulation film of the composite pane according to the invention preferably has a thickness of greater than 20 μm, particularly preferably from 20 μm to 100 μm, in particular from 25 μm to 60 μm, for example a thickness of 50 μm. These layer thicknesses are sufficient to reliably ensure the electrical insulation of the control components from the electrically conductive coating. The thinner the insulation film, the more inconspicuously it can be integrated into the composite pane. The insulation film, for example PET film, can also be self-adhesive, which simplifies positioning and fixing in the desired arrangement in the region of the recess of the thermoplastic intermediate layer during production.

The insulation film is preferably semi-transparent, especially transparent. This makes the area in which the control component is arranged less visually conspicuous. "Transparent" in the context of the invention means a light transmission TL (according to ISO 9050:2003) of at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, and especially preferably at least 70%. Semitransparent (according to ISO 9050:2003) in the context of the invention means a light transmission TL of at most 50%, preferably at most 30%, and particularly preferably at most 10%.

Transparent adhesive tape (OCA), for example, can also be used as an insulation film. These are transparent, visually unobtrusive, i.e., barely visible to the naked eye, and are commercially available in suitable designs.

A functional coating used as an electrical heating layer can, in principle, be any coating that can be electrically contacted. If the pane according to the invention is intended to allow visibility, as is the case, for example, with panes in window areas, the functional coating is preferably transparent. Particularly preferably, the functional electrically conductive coating is transparent. This is particularly important for laminated panes where particularly high transparency is required to meet requirements, such as windshields.

Electrically conductive, functional coatings according to the invention are known, for example, from DE 20 2008 017 611 U1, EP 0 847 965 B1 or WO 2012/052315 A1. They typically contain one or more, for example two, three or four or even more, electrically conductive, functional layers. The functional layers preferably contain at least one metal, for example silver, gold, copper, nickel and/or chromium, or a metal alloy. The functional layers particularly preferably contain at least 90 wt. % of the metal, in particular at least 99.9 wt. % of the metal. The functional layers can consist of the metal or the metal alloy. The functional layers particularly preferably contain silver or a silver-containing alloy. Such functional layers have particularly advantageous electrical conductivity with simultaneous high transmission in the visible spectral range. The thickness of a functional layer is preferably from 5 nm to 50 nm, particularly preferably from 8 nm to 25 nm. In this range for the thickness of the functional layer, an advantageously high transmission in the visible spectral range and a particularly advantageous electrical conductivity are achieved.

The functional electrically conductive coating is preferably a heating layer and, in particularly preferred embodiments, contains at least one silver layer (Ag). In an advantageous embodiment, the functional coating is a layer or a layer structure of several individual layers with a total thickness of less than or equal to 2 pm, particularly preferably less than or equal to 1 pm, for example less than or equal to 0.5 pm, such as less than 400 nm or between 350 and 250 nm.

In another preferred embodiment, it is provided that at least two bus bars intended for connection to a voltage source are connected to the functional electrically conductive coating in such a way that a current path for a heating current is formed between the bus bars.

An advantageous functional coating according to the invention, used as an electrical heating layer, has, for example, a surface resistance of 0.4 ohms/square to 10 ohms/square. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the functional coating according to the invention has a surface resistance of 0.5 ohms/square to 1 ohm/square. Coatings with such surface resistances are particularly suitable for heating vehicle windows with typical on-board voltages of 12 V to 48 volts or in electric vehicles with typical on-board voltages of up to 500 V.

In an advantageous embodiment, the busbar according to the invention is formed as a printed and fired-in conductive structure. The printed busbar preferably contains at least one metal, a metal alloy, a metal compound, and/or carbon, particularly preferably a precious metal, and in particular silver. The printing paste preferably contains metallic particles, metal particles, and/or carbon, and in particular precious metal particles such as silver particles.

Electrical conductivity is preferably achieved by the electrically conductive particles. The particles can be contained in an organic and/or inorganic matrix such as pastes or inks, preferably as a printing paste with glass frits.

The width of the first and second bus bars is preferably from 2 mm to 30 mm, particularly preferably from 4 mm to 20 mm, and in particular from 10 mm to 20 mm. Thinner bus bars lead to excessive electrical resistance and thus to excessive heating of the bus bars during operation. Furthermore, thinner Bus bars are difficult to produce using printing techniques such as screen printing. Thicker bus bars require an undesirably high amount of material. Furthermore, they lead to an excessive and unsightly restriction of the view through the pane. The length of the bus bar depends on the extent of the electrical heating layer. For a bus bar, which is typically designed in the form of a strip, the longer of its dimensions is referred to as the length and the shorter of its dimensions as the width. The third or additional bus bars can also be thinner, preferably from 0.6 mm to 5 mm.

The layer thickness of the printed busbar is preferably from 5 pm to 40 pm, particularly preferably from 8 pm to 20 pm, and most preferably from 8 pm to 12 pm. Printed busbars with these thicknesses are technically easy to implement and have advantageous current-carrying capacity.

The specific resistance pa of the bus bars is preferably between 0.8 pOhm cm and 7.0 pOhm cm, and particularly preferably between 1.0 pOhm cm and 2.5 pOhm cm. Bus bars with specific resistances in this range are technically simple to implement and exhibit advantageous current-carrying capacity.

The electrical supply line to the functional, electrically conductive coating can also be designed as a flexible foil conductor (flat conductor, ribbon conductor). This refers to an electrical conductor whose width is significantly greater than its thickness. Such a foil conductor is, for example, a strip or ribbon containing or consisting of copper, tinned copper, aluminum, silver, gold, or alloys thereof. The foil conductor has, for example, a width of 2 mm to 16 mm and a thickness of 0.03 mm to 0.1 mm. The foil conductor can have an insulating, preferably polymeric, sheath, for example based on polyimide. Foil conductors suitable for contacting electrically conductive coatings in wafers have a total thickness of only 0.3 mm, for example. Such thin foil conductors can be easily embedded between the individual wafers in the thermoplastic intermediate layer. A foil conductor ribbon can contain several electrically insulated, conductive layers.

Alternatively, thin metal wires can be used as electrical leads for the electrically conductive functional coating. The metal wires contain in particular copper, tungsten, gold, silver, or aluminum, or alloys of at least two of these metals. The alloys may also contain molybdenum, rhenium, osmium, iridium, palladium, or platinum.

The functional, electrically conductive heating layer (coating) can extend over the entire surface of the first pane and/or the second pane, preferably only the first pane. Alternatively, the functional coating can also extend over only a portion of the surface of the first pane and/or the second pane, preferably only the first pane. The functional coating preferably extends over at least 50%, particularly preferably over at least 70%, and most particularly preferably over at least 90% of the inner surface of the first pane. The functional coating can have one or more uncoated zones in the inner region and/or the outer region. These zones can be permeable to electromagnetic radiation and are known, for example, as data transmission windows or communication windows.

According to the invention, the functional coating can be applied to the surface of the substrate and the masking coating by means of vacuum-based vapor deposition. In a preferred embodiment, the functional coating is applied by means of physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD), in particular by means of physical vapor deposition. Sputtering, in particular magnetic field-assisted sputtering (magnetron sputtering), has proven particularly suitable for producing thin films on glass substrates. However, other types of physical vapor deposition can also be used, for example, thermal evaporation (evaporation), electron beam evaporation, laser beam evaporation,

Arc evaporation or molecular beam epitaxy. Preferred CVD processes are plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD).

Further coatings can also be applied beneath the actual functional coating, for example adhesion promoter layers to improve the adhesion of the functional coating to the substrate, adjustment or smoothing layers to influence the morphology of the functional coating, or blocker layers to prevent alkali diffusion from the glass substrate into the To prevent functional layer deterioration. Suitable adhesion promoter layers are based, for example, on silicon nitride (SiN) or oxide (SiO) or aluminum nitride (AIN) or oxide (AlO), suitable adaptation layers are based, for example, on SnZnO or zinc oxide (ZnO), and suitable blocker layers are based, for example, on NiCr or SiN.

The invention further relates to a method for producing a composite pane as described above in various embodiments, comprising the steps

A) applying a functional electrically conductive coating to at least a part of an inner surface III of a first pane and/or to a part of an inner surface II of a second pane,

B) Providing a thermoplastic film with at least one recess for forming an intermediate layer,

C) Providing and inserting a control component into the recess of the thermoplastic film,

D) Providing an insulation film,

E) providing a second disc having an inner surface II and an outer surface I,

F) forming a stacking sequence of the first pane, the insulating film, the thermoplastic film with the control component, and the second pane, wherein the insulating film is arranged at least in the region of the recess of the thermoplastic film and the control component is arranged electrically insulated from the electrically conductive coating and

G) Bonding the inner surface III of the first pane with the functional coating via the thermoplastic intermediate layer to the inner surface II of the second pane under the influence of heat, pressure and/or vacuum.

Advantageously, a composite pane with an internal heating coating can be provided in which a control component intended for this purpose, in particular for forming a heating system, can be integrated in a simple, cost-effective manner in a functionally reliable and as unobtrusive a manner as possible. The composite pane with the integrated control components can be manufactured simply and cost-effectively. This is particularly possible with the current mechanical and process engineering approach for the production of composite panes without the need for complex adjustments.

In a preferred embodiment of the method, the functional electrically conductive coating is applied to the inner surface (III) of the first pane and/or to the inner surface (II) of the second pane by means of physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD).

Another preferred embodiment of the method provides that, in step B), the at least one recess is introduced into the thermoplastic film by cutting or punching. Alternatively, a recess can also be formed by forming the thermoplastic film in multiple pieces, omitting the partial area for the recess.

In a further embodiment, the control module, in particular the control component, is functionally connected to one or more other, identical or different control components, for example, sensors and/or a control unit. If multiple control components are provided, each of them is preferably assigned a recess in the thermoplastic intermediate layer, and each of these is reliably electrically insulated from electrically conductive coatings on the inner surfaces of the panes by an insulating film.

The invention also relates to the use of the composite pane according to the invention in buildings or in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles, for example as a windscreen, rear window, side windows and/or roof window.

Basically, all electrically insulating substrates that are thermally and chemically stable and dimensionally stable under the conditions of manufacture and use of the disc according to the invention are suitable as the first and second discs. The first pane and/or the second pane preferably contain glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, or clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, and/or mixtures thereof. The first pane and/or the second pane are preferably transparent, particularly for use as a windshield or rear window of a vehicle or for other applications where high light transmission is desired.

The thickness of the individual panes can vary widely and can thus be perfectly adapted to the requirements of the individual case. Standard thicknesses of 1.0 mm to 25 mm are preferred, with 1.4 mm to 2.5 mm being preferred for automotive glass.

The composite pane can have any three-dimensional shape. Preferably, the three-dimensional shape has no shadow zones, allowing it to be coated, for example, by cathode sputtering. The panes are preferably planar or, as in the case of vehicle windows, slightly or strongly curved in one or more directions of space. The panes can be colorless or colored.

The panes are joined together to form the composite pane by at least one intermediate layer. The intermediate layer preferably contains at least one thermoplastic, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). However, the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also contain, for example, polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyacrylate, polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, casting resins, acrylates, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl fluoride and/or ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, or copolymers or mixtures thereof. Typical layer thicknesses for commercially available PVB films are, for example, 0.76 mm or 1.14 mm, although this is not limiting for the invention.

In the thermoplastic intermediate layer of the composite pane according to the invention, a recess is provided into which the control component, in particular a Thermistor, can be accommodated and positioned. This recess can be created, for example, by punching or cutting into the thermoplastic film from which the intermediate layer is formed during lamination. Alternatively, but less preferably, the thermoplastic film can also be formed in multiple pieces, leaving the position for the control component free, and form the intermediate layer with the recess.

The various embodiments of the invention can be implemented individually or in any combination. In particular, the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the specified combinations, but also in other combinations or on their own, unless they are explicitly described and described as alternatives to one another without departing from the scope of the present invention. This also applies to features mentioned only for the composite pane or only for the method.

The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments, with reference to the accompanying figures. They show, in simplified, schematic representations, not to scale:

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a plan view of the composite pane of Fig. 1,

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention.

Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the composite pane 100 according to the invention, which comprises a first pane 1 with an inner surface III and an outer surface IV, a second pane 2 with an inner surface II and an outer surface I, which are joined to one another by a thermoplastic intermediate layer 4. A functional, electrically conductive coating 3, which is preferably a heating layer, is applied to the inner surface III of the first pane 1. In a recess 7 The thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 accommodates a control component 6, which is electrically insulated from the functional electrically conductive coating 3 by an insulating film 5 arranged at least in the region of the recess 7. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 can be formed in multiple layers from several thermoplastic films arranged one above the other, into which the recess 7 has been precisely fitted. The recess 7 can be formed, for example, by punching or cutting. However, the intermediate layer 4 can also be formed in multiple pieces from film parts, omitting the position for the control component 6. The control component 6 is preferably a capacitive or resistive sensor, in particular a thermistor with electrical connections 8 (wired), which is functionally connected to the functional electrically conductive coating 3. According to the invention, a composite pane 100 is thus provided with an inconspicuously integrated control component 6, in particular for a heating system with an internal, electrically conductive coating 3 as the heating layer. The control component 6 is securely and non-destructively integrated and mounted between the first pane 1 and the second pane 2 in a recess 7 of the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 and is reliably electrically insulated from the coating 3 by the insulating film 5, thus ensuring flawless and long-lasting functionality. The insulating film 5 is designed with an overlap to dimension the recess 7 in order to ensure the electrical insulation of the control components 6 from the electrically conductive coating 3 even in the event of a slight offset during production. The insulating film 5 can be a PET film, for example. The electrical connections of the functional coating 3 and any other cable and signal paths that may be present to a control unit, for example to the on-board computer of a vehicle, are not shown. These can be designed in the usual way.

Figure 2 shows a plan view of the composite pane 100 of Figure 1 in an indicated trapezoidal shape of a windshield. The windshield has a first side edge S1, a second side edge S2, a roof edge D and an engine edge M, as well as a central viewing area Z for a driver, which is defined by law. The designations are made solely with regard to an installation position in a vehicle. The thermistor as the control component 6 is arranged in an edge region R of the composite pane 100 outside the central viewing area Z and also outside a The control component 6 is arranged in the masking area 9. This enables rapid detection of temperatures and/or other measurement data, and the signal and line paths are not too long. If desired or necessary, the control component 6 can also be arranged at least partially in the masking area 9.

Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of the composite pane 100 according to the invention. The difference from the embodiment of Figure 1 is that here, in addition, a functional electrically conductive coating 3a is provided on the inner surface II of the second pane 2, against which the control component 6, for example the thermistor, is electrically insulated with an additional insulation film 5a.

Reference symbol list

100 composite panes

1 first slice

2 second disc

3 functional, electrically conductive coating

3a functional, electrically conductive coating

4 thermoplastic intermediate layer

5 Insulation foil

5a Insulation foil

6 Control component (e.g. thermistor)

7 Recess

8 electrical connection (cable/wire)

9 Masking area (e.g. black print)

R edge area

Z field of view

51 first page edge

52 second side edge

D roof edge

M engine edge

I outer surface of the second disc 2

II inner surface of the second disc 2

III inner surface of the first disc 1

IV Outer surface of the first disc 1

Claims

Patent claims 1. A composite pane (100), comprising at least a first pane (1) with an inner surface (III) and an outer surface (IV), a second pane (2) with an inner surface (II) and an outer surface (I), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) which connects the inner surface (III) of the first pane (1) and the inner surface (II) of the second pane (2) to one another in a planar manner, at least one functional, electrically conductive coating (3) which is applied to at least a portion of the inner surface (III) of the first pane (1) and/or at least a portion of the inner surface (II) of the second pane (2), and a control module which is functionally connected to the functional, electrically conductive coating (3) and comprises at least one control component (6), characterized in that the control component (6) is received in a recess (7) in the thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) and is connected to the functional electrically conductive coating by an insulating film (5) arranged at least in the region of the recess (7). (3) is electrically insulated. 2. Composite pane (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the control component (6) is a thermistor, in particular a PTC thermistor or a NTC thermistor. 3. Composite pane (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insulating film (5) contains polyethylene terephthalate, preferably consists of polyethylene terephthalate. 4. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the insulation film (5) has a thickness of greater than 20 pm, preferably from 20 pm to 100 pm, particularly preferably from 25 pm to 60 pm. 5. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the functional electrically conductive coating (3) is a heating layer. 6. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the functional electrically conductive coating (3) contains at least one silver layer (Ag). 7. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the control component (6) is arranged in an edge region (R) of the composite pane (100). 8. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the control module, in particular the control component (6), is functionally connected to a control unit, in particular an on-board computer of a vehicle. 9. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control component (6) is functionally connected to one or more further, identical or different control components. 10. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least two busbars provided for connection to a voltage source are connected to the functional electrically conductive coating (3) in such a way that a current path for a heating current is formed between the busbars. 11. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the volume of the recess (7) is at least 10% larger, preferably at least 15% larger than the volume of the Control component (6). 12. A method for producing a composite pane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the steps A) applying a functional electrically conductive coating (3) to at least a part of an inner surface (III) of a first pane (1) and/or on at least part of an inner surface (II) of a second pane (2), B) Providing a thermoplastic film with a recess (7) for forming an intermediate layer (4), C) Providing and inserting a control component (6) into the recess (7) of the thermoplastic film, D) Providing an insulation film (5), E) forming a stacking sequence from the first pane (1), the insulating film (5), the thermoplastic film with the control component (6), and the second pane (2), wherein the insulating film (5) is arranged at least in the region of the recess (7) of the thermoplastic film and the control component (6) is arranged electrically insulated from the electrically conductive coating (3) and F) Bonding the inner surface (III) of the first pane (1) with the functional coating (3) via the thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) to the inner surface (II) of the second pane (2) under the action of heat, pressure and/or vacuum. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the functional electrically conductive coating (3) is applied by means of physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition to the inner surface (III) of the first pane (1) and/or to the inner surface (II) of the second pane (2). 14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that in step B) the recess (7) is introduced into the thermoplastic film by cutting or punching. 15. Use of the composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 11 in buildings or in means of transport for land, air or water traffic, in particular in motor vehicles, for example as a windshield, rear window, side windows and/or roof window.