WO2025066012A1 - Scalpel - Google Patents

Abstract

A scalpel, which comprises a blade assembly, a bending-section assembly, a straight-tube assembly and a rotation control assembly, wherein a first guide wire and a second guide wire run through the blade assembly, a third guide wire and a fourth guide wire run through the bending-section assembly, the first guide wire is detachably connected to the third guide wire, and the second guide wire detachably connected to the fourth guide wire; a first end of the straight-tube assembly is connected to the end of the bending-section assembly away from the blade assembly, and a second end of the straight-tube assembly is connected to an instrument box; and the rotation control assembly is drivingly connected to a rotation control knob on the instrument box, and the rotation control assembly can drive the rotation control knob to rotate, such that the rotation control knob drives the straight-tube assembly to rotate.

Description

Scalpel

This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on September 26, 2023 and application number 202311249225.6, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, for example, to a scalpel.

Background Art

Usually, during the actual operation, medical staff will prepare a variety of scalpels with different blades in advance according to the needs of the operation, so that the various scalpels occupy the limited space on the operating table, which is inconvenient for medical staff to perform the operation and reduces work efficiency; at the same time, equipping a variety of scalpels will also increase costs. In addition, the scalpels in the related art cannot rotate, which reduces the flexibility and applicability of the scalpels and reduces the work efficiency of medical staff.

Summary of the invention

The present application proposes a scalpel that can save operating table space, improve work efficiency, and save costs.

The present application provides a scalpel, comprising: a blade head assembly, wherein a first guide wire and a second guide wire are inserted into the blade head assembly; a snake bone assembly, wherein a third guide wire and a fourth guide wire are inserted into the snake bone assembly, wherein the first guide wire and the third guide wire are detachably connected, and the second guide wire and the fourth guide wire are detachably connected; a straight tube assembly, wherein a first end of the straight tube assembly is connected to an end of the snake bone assembly away from the blade head assembly, and a second end of the straight tube assembly is connected to an instrument box; and a rotation control assembly, wherein the rotation control assembly is drivingly connected to the rotation control knob on the instrument box, and the rotation control assembly can drive the rotation control knob to rotate, so that the rotation control knob drives the straight tube assembly to rotate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a scalpel provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter head assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of a cutter head assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an instrument box provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter head assembly and a snake bone assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of a cutter head assembly and a snake bone assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG7 is a partial enlarged view of point A in FIG6;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a handle and an instrument box provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a jaw control assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG10 is a cross-sectional view of a snake bone control assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG11 is an exploded view of a snake bone control assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotation control assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a snake bone assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:
10, first guide wire; 20, second guide wire; 30, third guide wire; 40, fourth guide wire;
100, blade assembly; 101, first through slot; 102, second through slot; 110, sleeve; 120, transducer; 130, clamp; 140, washer; 150, non-metallic pad; 160, fixing pin; 170, fixing ear; 180, rotating shaft; 190, clip; 1901, Teflon gasket; 200, snake bone assembly; 201, third through slot; 202, fourth through slot; 300, straight tube assembly; 400, instrument box; 410, jaw control knob; 420, snake bone control knob; 430, rotating control knob; 500, jaw control assembly; 510, transmission shaft; 520, fixed shaft; 530, fixing block; 540, spring; 550, connecting rope ; 560, first bevel gear; 570, hook; 580, spring; 590, jaw joint; 600, snake bone control assembly; 610, first dial; 620, connecting pin; 630, spline; 640, snake bone joint; 650, first bearing; 660, second bearing; 670, spacer ring; 680, buckle; 700, rotation control assembly; 710, second dial; 720, second bevel gear; 730, connecting rod; 740, third bevel gear; 750, rotation docking plug; 800, first slider; 801, second slider; 803, first slide groove; 804, second slide groove; 900, first fixing member; 901, second fixing member; 1000, handle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and other directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, this embodiment provides a scalpel, which mainly includes a cutter head assembly 100, a snake bone assembly 200, a straight tube assembly 300 and a rotation control assembly 700. Among them, the cutter head assembly 100 is provided with a first guide wire 10 and a second guide wire 20. The snake bone assembly 200 is provided with a third guide wire 30 and a fourth guide wire 40, the first guide wire 10 and the third guide wire 30 are detachably connected, and the second guide wire 20 and the fourth guide wire 40 are detachably connected. The first end of the straight tube assembly 300 is connected to the end of the snake bone assembly 200 away from the cutter head assembly 100, and the second end of the straight tube assembly 300 is connected to the instrument box 400. The rotation control assembly 700 is connected to the rotation control knob 430 on the instrument box 400, and the rotation control assembly 700 can drive the rotation control knob 430 to rotate, so that the rotation control knob 430 drives the straight tube assembly 300 to rotate.

Based on the above design, in this embodiment, the first guide wire 10 and the third guide wire 30 are detachably connected, and the second guide wire 20 and the fourth guide wire 40 are detachably connected, so that the detachable connection between the blade head assembly 100 and the snake bone assembly 200 is achieved, which is convenient for the replacement of the blade head assembly 100, and thus the medical staff does not need to be equipped with a variety of scalpels with different jaws, thus saving space on the operating table, improving the work efficiency of the medical staff, and saving costs. In addition, in this embodiment, through the setting of the rotation control assembly 700, the straight tube assembly 300 can be driven to rotate, so that the straight tube assembly 300 can drive the snake bone assembly 200 and the blade head assembly 100 to rotate, thereby improving the flexibility and applicability of the scalpel and improving the work efficiency of the medical staff.

In one embodiment, the straight tube assembly 300 and the snake bone assembly 200 can be connected by snapping, and the straight tube assembly 300 and the instrument box 400 can also be connected by snapping. In addition, other fastening connection forms can also be used, which will not be elaborated here.

In some optional embodiments, in order to improve the assembly reliability of the snake bone component 200 and the cutter head component 100, To improve reliability, a transition block can be provided at the front end of the snake bone component 200, and the snake bone component 200 and the cutter head component 100 can be detachably connected through the transition block.

The blade assembly 100 in this embodiment includes ultrasonic blade jaws, stapler jaws or electric blade jaws, etc. That is, medical staff can flexibly select different types of blade assembly 100 according to actual needs, thereby improving work efficiency.

In this embodiment, the blade head assembly 100 is provided with a first through groove 101 and a second through groove 102, and the snake bone assembly 200 is provided with a third through groove 201 and a fourth through groove 202. The first through groove 101 and the third through groove 201 are connected, and the second through groove 102 and the fourth through groove 202 are connected. The first through groove 101, the second through groove 102, the third through groove 201 and the fourth through groove 202 are respectively penetrated by a first guide wire 10, a second guide wire 20, a third guide wire 30 and a fourth guide wire 40, thereby preventing the first guide wire 10, the second guide wire 20, the third guide wire 30 and the fourth guide wire 40 from being exposed outside the scalpel, preventing the first guide wire 10, the second guide wire 20, the third guide wire 30 and the fourth guide wire 40 from contaminating the surgical environment, and improving safety.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 6-7 and 13, a first through hole and a second through hole are provided on the cutter head assembly 100, the first through hole is connected to the first through slot 101, and the second through hole is connected to the third through slot 201; the scalpel also includes a first fixing member 900 and a second fixing member 901, the first fixing member 900 is arranged in the first through hole, the first fixing member 900 detachably connects the first guide wire 10 and the third guide wire 30, and the second fixing member 901 detachably connects the second guide wire 20 and the fourth guide wire 40. This embodiment does not limit the number of the first fixing member 900 and the second fixing member 901. In one embodiment, the first fixing member 900 and the second fixing member 901 can be set as screws. Medical staff can realize the connection or disassembly of the first guide wire 10 and the third guide wire 30 by rotating the first fixing member 900 and the second fixing member 901, and realize the connection or disassembly of the second guide wire 20 and the fourth guide wire 40.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 5-7, the end of the third guide wire 30 close to the cutting head assembly 100 is connected to the first slider 800, and the end of the fourth guide wire 40 close to the cutting head assembly 100 is connected to the second slider 801. The first slider 800 and the second slider 801 are respectively provided with a first slide groove 803 and a second slide groove 804. The end of the first guide wire 10 is accommodated in the first slide groove 803, and the end of the second guide wire 20 is accommodated in the second slide groove 804. The first fixing member 900 passes through the first slider 800 and is connected to the first guide wire 10, and the second fixing member 901 passes through the second slider 801 and is connected to the second guide wire 20. The setting of the first slider 800 is conducive to the connection between the first guide wire 10 and the third guide wire 30, and the setting of the second slider 801 is conducive to the connection between the second guide wire 20 and the fourth guide wire 40, and the first slider 800 and the second slider 801 can slide in the first through groove 101 and the third through groove 201 respectively, which is conducive to the control of the opening and closing movement of the clamping member 130 on the tool head assembly 100 by the instrument box 400.

In this embodiment, the first through slot 101 and the second through slot 102 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the cutter head assembly 100, and the third through slot 201 and the fourth through slot 202 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the snake bone assembly 200, thereby improving the The uniform force on the scalpel prolongs its service life.

As shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 12, in this embodiment, the rotation control assembly 700 includes a second dial 710, a second bevel gear 720, a connecting rod 730 and a third bevel gear 740. The second dial 710 is meshed and connected with the second bevel gear 720, the first end of the connecting rod 730 is meshed and connected with the second bevel gear 720, the second end of the connecting rod 730 is meshed and connected with the third bevel gear 740, and the third bevel gear 740 is connected with the rotation control knob 430. When the cutter head assembly 100 needs to be rotated, the medical staff can dial the second dial 710, the second dial 710 drives the second bevel gear 720 to rotate, the second bevel gear 720 drives the third bevel gear 740 to rotate through the connecting rod 730, and then the third bevel gear 740 rotates to drive the rotation docking plug 750 to rotate, so that the rotation docking plug 750 drives the rotation control knob 430 to rotate, and finally the rotation control knob 430 drives the straight tube assembly 300 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the cutter head assembly 100.

The instrument box 400 in this embodiment is a standard part, and the specific details of the internal structure are not repeated one by one. The rotation control knob 430 is connected to the straight tube assembly 300 through the inside of the instrument box 400, thereby realizing the rotation drive of the straight tube assembly 300.

The second bevel gear 720 and the third bevel gear 740 in this embodiment can be provided in multiple groups, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In this embodiment, the first guide wire 10, the second guide wire 20, the third guide wire 30 and the fourth guide wire 40 are stainless steel wires, which improve the strength and service life of the scalpel.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the blade assembly 100 in this embodiment includes a sleeve 110, a transducer 120 and a clamp 130. Part of the transducer 120 is arranged in the sleeve 110, and the front end of the transducer 120 extends outside the sleeve 110, and the transducer 120 is insulated from the inner wall of the sleeve 110; the clamp 130 is arranged at the front end of the sleeve 110, and the clamp 130 is movably connected with the sleeve 110, so that the clamp 130 can open and close relative to the front end of the transducer 120. The first end of the first guide wire 10 and the first end of the second guide wire 20 are respectively connected to the clamp 130, and the second end of the first guide wire 10 and the second end of the second guide wire 20 pass through the snake bone assembly 200 and are connected to the jaw control assembly 500, and the jaw control assembly 500 can control the opening and closing movement of the clamp 130 through the first guide wire 10 and the second guide wire 20.

In one embodiment, a clip 190 is protruding from the clamp 130 , and the clip 190 and the front end of the transducer 120 form a jaw configured to clamp or loosen tissue, and in this embodiment, the rear clip 190 is located at the upper end of the clamp 130 .

In one embodiment, the jaw control assembly 500 can apply a pulling force to the first guide wire 10, and the first guide wire 10 drives the upper end of the clamp 130 to move backward, and the clip 190 moves away from the transducer 120, and the clip 190 releases the tissue. A pulling force is applied to the first guide wire 10, and the second guide wire 20 drives the lower end of the clamp 130 to move backward, and the clip 190 approaches the transducer 120. At this time, the clip 190 can clamp the tissue together with the transducer 120, and then the tissue is cut by the ultrasonic vibration of the transducer 120. After the cutting is completed, the jaw control assembly 500 can apply a pulling force to the first guide wire 10, so that the clip 190 can loosen the tissue. For example, the tissue can be human or animal skin, etc.

The transducer 120 in this embodiment is a standard component, and the detailed structure and working principle of the transducer 120 will not be described in detail here.

The scalpel in this embodiment has a simple structure, and the jaw control assembly 500 drives the first guide wire 10 and the second guide wire 20 to realize the opening and closing movement of the clamp 130, thereby avoiding the slipping, jamming and other fault phenomena that occur when medical staff stretch the inner sleeve 110 in the related art, thereby improving the work efficiency of medical staff, saving costs and improving safety. In addition, the transducer 120 in this embodiment is arranged in the sleeve 110, thereby reducing the volume of the scalpel and saving space on the operating table.

As shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, a plurality of washers 140 are further provided in the sleeve 110, the washers 140 are located between the inner wall of the sleeve 110 and the transducer 120, and the washers 140 are configured to insulate the transducer 120 from the inner wall of the sleeve 110. In addition, a non-metallic pad 150 is provided at the tail end of the transducer 120, and the non-metallic pad 150 is connected to the sleeve 110 through a fixing pin 160. The washers 140 and the non-metallic pad 150 can be made of silica gel, and the sleeve 110 is made of stainless steel. The arrangement of the washers 140 and the non-metallic pad 150 can avoid the phenomenon of short circuit between the transducer 120 and the sleeve 110, thereby extending the service life of the scalpel.

In addition, a Teflon gasket 1901 is disposed on the clip 190 in this embodiment, thereby preventing a short circuit between the clip 190 and the transducer 120 .

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in this embodiment, a fixing ear 170 is provided at the front end of the sleeve 110, a rotating shaft 180 is passed through the fixing ear 170, a mounting hole is provided on the clamping member 130, a first end of the rotating shaft 180 is passed through the fixing ear 170, and a second end of the rotating shaft 180 is passed through the mounting hole, and the clamping member 130 can rotate around the rotating shaft 180 so that the clamping member 130 can open and close relative to the front end of the transducer 120.

As shown in Figure 4, in this embodiment, a jaw control knob 410 is provided on the instrument box 400, and the second end of the first guide wire 10 and the second end of the second guide wire 20 are connected in the instrument box 400. The jaw control assembly 500 is drivingly connected to the jaw control knob 410, so that the jaw control assembly 500 drives the clamping member 130 through the jaw control knob 410 to realize the opening and closing movement of the clamping member 130.

In one embodiment, if the scalpel has a detachable blade assembly 100, the first end of the third guide wire 30 is connected to the first guide wire 10, and the second end of the third guide wire 30 is connected to the jaw control knob 410 in the instrument box 400, that is, the original first guide wire 10 is divided into two detachable parts. The wire 20 is also split into two detachable parts, which will not be described in detail here.

As shown in Fig. 8-Fig. 9, in this embodiment, the scalpel includes a handle 1000, and the jaw control assembly 500 includes a housing, a fixed shaft 520, a fixed block 530 and a spring 540. The fixed shaft 520 and the fixed block 530 are arranged on the inner wall of the housing, the handle 1000 is connected to the fixed shaft 520, the handle 1000 can rotate around the fixed shaft 520, and the spring 540 is arranged between the fixed block 530 and the handle 1000. The jaw control assembly 500 also includes a connecting rope 550, a first bevel gear 560, a hook 570 and a spring 580. The hook 570 is arranged on the handle 1000, the connecting rope 550 is wound around the first bevel gear 560, and the first end of the connecting rope 550 is connected to the hook 570, and the second end of the connecting rope 550 is connected to the spring 580. The first bevel gear 560 is provided with a jaw plug connector 590, and the jaw plug connector 590 is plugged and matched with the jaw control knob 410. In addition, the jaw control assembly 500 further includes a transmission shaft 510 . The handle 1000 is provided with a through hole, the transmission shaft 510 is passed through the through hole, and a spring 540 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 510 .

Medical personnel can rotate the jaw plug connector 590 by pressing the handle 1000. When the instrument box 400 is inserted into the handle 1000, the jaw plug connector 590 will engage with the jaw control knob 410 of the instrument box 400. Therefore, the opening and closing action of the front end blade jaw (clamping member 130) can be controlled by pressing the handle 1000. The specific process is as follows: by pressing the handle 1000, the handle 1000 rotates around the fixed axis 520, so that the handle 1000 pulls the connecting rope 550, and then the connecting rope 550 drives the first bevel gear 560 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 560 drives the jaw plug connector 590 to rotate. When the handle 1000 is released, the connecting rope 550 is retracted under the preload of the spring 580, and the handle 1000 is reset under the action of the spring 540. The connecting rope 550 drives the first bevel gear 560 to rotate in the opposite direction during the retraction process, thereby driving the jaw control knob 410 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby realizing the opening and closing movement of the clamping member 130. The X-axis direction in FIG9 is the pressing direction of the handle 1000.

The instrument box 400 in this embodiment is a standard part, and the specific details of the internal structure are not repeated one by one. The jaw control knob 410 is connected to the first guide wire 10 and the second guide wire 20 through the inside of the instrument box 400, so as to realize the opening and closing driving of the clamping member 130.

In the present embodiment, the scalpel further comprises a fifth guide wire (not shown in the figure) and a sixth guide wire (not shown in the figure), the first end of the fifth guide wire and the first end of the sixth guide wire are connected to the snake bone assembly 200, and the second end of the fifth guide wire and the second end of the sixth guide wire are connected to the snake bone control knob 420 in the instrument box 400. The snake bone control assembly 600 is drivingly connected to the snake bone control knob 420 on the instrument box 400, and the snake bone control assembly 600 can drive the snake bone control knob 420 to rotate so that the fifth guide wire drives the snake bone assembly 200 to bend in the first direction, or the sixth guide wire drives the snake bone assembly 200 to bend in the second direction, or the fifth guide wire drives the snake bone assembly 200 to bend in the first direction, and the sixth guide wire drives the snake bone assembly 200 to bend in the second direction. The first direction and the second direction are opposite, for example, the first direction is the left direction, and the second direction is the right direction. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 1 , the first direction is the M direction in FIG. 1 , and the second direction is the M direction in FIG. 1 The N direction in .

The snake bone control component 600 in this embodiment can control the bending of the snake bone component 200 through the fifth guide wire and the sixth guide wire, thereby realizing the bendable function of the scalpel, which is beneficial to improving the maneuverability and convenience of the scalpel and improving work efficiency.

The fifth and sixth guide wires in this embodiment are stainless steel wires, which improve the strength and service life of the scalpel. The snake bone component 200 is made of stainless steel to improve its reliability and strength.

The snake bone component 200 in this embodiment is a conventional component in the related art, and therefore, the specific structure of the snake bone component 200 will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

As shown in Figures 10 and 11, in this embodiment, the snake bone control component 600 includes a first dial 610, a connecting pin 620 and a spline 630. The first dial 610 is provided with a mounting hole, the spline 630 is arranged on the connecting pin 620, and the connecting pin 620 and the spline 630 are installed in the mounting hole so that the first dial 610 can drive the connecting pin 620 to rotate.

In one embodiment, a groove is formed on the connecting pin 620, a portion of the spline 630 is accommodated in the groove, and another portion of the spline 630 protrudes from the upper end surface of the groove. A serpentine joint 640 is provided at one end of the connecting pin 620 away from the first dial 610, and the serpentine joint 640 is plugged and matched with the serpentine control knob 420.

When in use, medical personnel can turn the first dial 610 to make the first dial 610 drive the connecting pin 620 to rotate through the spline 630, and then the connecting pin 620 can drive the snake bone plug connector 640 to rotate, so that the snake bone plug connector 640 drives the snake bone control knob 420 to rotate. The snake bone control knob 420 is drivingly connected to the fifth guide wire and the sixth guide wire through the inside of the instrument box 400, thereby realizing adjustable driving of the snake bone assembly 200.

As shown in Fig. 10-Fig. 11, in this embodiment, the snake bone control assembly 600 is accommodated in the accommodation cavity in the handle 1000, and the connecting pin 620 is provided with a first bearing 650 and a second bearing 660, and the outer peripheral surface of the first bearing 650 and the outer peripheral surface of the second bearing 660 are respectively abutted against the inner wall of the accommodation cavity. The provision of the first bearing 650 and the second bearing 660 is conducive to improving the smoothness of the rotation of the connecting pin 620 and improving work efficiency.

In this embodiment, the connecting pin 620 is provided with a spacer ring 670, and the spacer ring 670 is configured to limit the first bearing 650. The snake bone control assembly 600 also includes a buckle ring 680, which is connected to the handle 1000 and is configured to limit the second bearing 660, thereby avoiding the misalignment of the first bearing 650 and the second bearing 660, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the scalpel.

As shown in FIG. 11 , a plurality of first saw teeth are arranged on the first dial 610 in this embodiment, and the plurality of first saw teeth are arranged at equal intervals, thereby increasing the friction between the fingers of the medical staff and the first dial 610 and improving work efficiency.

The scalpel in this embodiment can be used in conjunction with a robot or a handle 1000, that is, the scalpel can be adapted to robot remote control and can also be adapted to a special handle 1000 for manual operation, thereby improving the flexibility and applicability of the scalpel and increasing the diversity of usage scenarios.

Claims (10)

Scalpel, including: A cutter head assembly (100), wherein a first guide wire (10) and a second guide wire (20) are inserted into the cutter head assembly (100); A snake bone component (200), wherein a third guide wire (30) and a fourth guide wire (40) are inserted into the snake bone component (200), the first guide wire (10) and the third guide wire (30) are detachably connected, and the second guide wire (20) and the fourth guide wire (40) are detachably connected; A straight tube assembly (300), wherein a first end of the straight tube assembly (300) is connected to an end of the snake bone assembly (200) away from the cutter head assembly (100), and a second end of the straight tube assembly (300) is connected to an instrument box (400); and A rotation control assembly (700) is drivingly connected to a rotation control knob (430) on the instrument box (400), and the rotation control assembly (700) can drive the rotation control knob (430) to rotate, so that the rotation control knob (430) drives the straight tube assembly (300) to rotate. The scalpel according to claim 1, wherein the blade head assembly (100) is provided with a first through groove (101) and a second through groove (102), and the snake bone assembly (200) is provided with a third through groove (201) and a fourth through groove (202), the first through groove (101) and the third through groove (201) are connected, the second through groove (102) and the fourth through groove (202) are connected, the first through groove (101) is penetrated by the first guide wire (10), the second through groove (102) is penetrated by the second guide wire (20), the third through groove (201) is penetrated by the third guide wire (30), and the fourth through groove (202) is penetrated by the fourth guide wire (40). The scalpel according to claim 2, wherein the blade head assembly (100) is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through hole is connected to the first through slot (101), and the second through hole is connected to the third through slot (201); the scalpel further comprises a first fixing member (900) and a second fixing member (901), the first fixing member (900) is arranged in the first through hole, the first fixing member (900) is arranged to detachably connect the first guide wire (10) and the third guide wire (30), and the second fixing member (901) is arranged to detachably connect the second guide wire (20) and the fourth guide wire (40). The surgical knife according to claim 3, wherein the end of the third guide wire (30) close to the blade head assembly (100) is connected to a first slider (800), the end of the fourth guide wire (40) close to the blade head assembly (100) is connected to a second slider (801), the first slider (800) is provided with a first slide groove (803), the second slider (801) is respectively provided with a second slide groove (804), and the The end of the first guide wire (10) is accommodated in the first slide groove (803), the end of the second guide wire (20) is accommodated in the second slide groove (804), the first fixing member (900) passes through the first slider (800) and is connected to the first guide wire (10), and the second fixing member (901) passes through the second slider (801) and is connected to the second guide wire (20). The surgical knife according to claim 3, wherein the first fixing member (900) and the second fixing member (901) are screws. The scalpel according to claim 3, wherein the first through groove (101) and the second through groove (102) are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the blade head assembly (100), and the third through groove (201) and the fourth through groove (202) are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the snake bone assembly (200). The surgical knife according to claim 1, wherein the rotation control assembly (700) comprises a second dial (710) and a second bevel gear (720), the second dial (710) is meshingly connected with the second bevel gear (720), and the second bevel gear (720) is connected to the rotation control knob (430). The scalpel according to claim 7, wherein the rotation control assembly (700) further includes a connecting rod (730) and a third bevel gear (740), the first end of the connecting rod (730) is meshedly connected to the second bevel gear (720), the second end of the connecting rod (730) is meshedly connected to the third bevel gear (740), and the third bevel gear (740) is connected to the rotation control knob (430). The surgical knife according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first guide wire (10), the second guide wire (20), the third guide wire (30) and the fourth guide wire (40) are stainless steel wires. A surgical knife according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the blade head assembly (100) comprises one of ultrasonic knife jaws, stapler jaws or electric knife jaws.