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WO2025051433A1 - Centrale électrique à accumulation de vapeur et son procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Centrale électrique à accumulation de vapeur et son procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025051433A1
WO2025051433A1 PCT/EP2024/070499 EP2024070499W WO2025051433A1 WO 2025051433 A1 WO2025051433 A1 WO 2025051433A1 EP 2024070499 W EP2024070499 W EP 2024070499W WO 2025051433 A1 WO2025051433 A1 WO 2025051433A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steam
line
water
bar
pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/EP2024/070499
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thorsten Friedrich
Stephan De Roo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Publication of WO2025051433A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025051433A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/12—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having two or more accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K1/00—Steam accumulators
    • F01K1/04—Steam accumulators for storing steam in a liquid, e.g. Ruth's type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/008—Use of steam accumulators of the Ruth type for storing steam in water; Regulating thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam storage power plant in which a steam storage device and an additional heat storage medium are used as energy storage devices to enable a time-delayed provision of steam for a steam turbine.
  • a steam storage power plant is typically used when the supply of steam needs to be decoupled from the demand for steam. This can be the case when there is excess energy but no demand for steam. Furthermore, this may be necessary when the supply of steam cannot be reliably guaranteed at all times.
  • a steam storage facility is typically used in the steam storage power plant.
  • a storage container In a so-called Ruths storage tank, a storage container is mostly filled with boiling water. The remaining space above the water is filled with steam at the same temperature.
  • the Ruths storage tank is charged by introducing steam, whereby the pressure must be higher than the extraction pressure at the beginning of the steam extraction.
  • the steam condenses to boiling water. When steam is extracted, post-evaporation begins. The required heat comes from the boiling water. Pressure and temperature drop.
  • the operating range of the steam accumulator is defined by the initial and final parameters (pressure and temperature) as well as the initial fill level with boiling water.
  • the steam turbine In the steam turbine, the steam expands, resulting in a temperature drop.
  • the steam turbine is preferably used to drive a generator.
  • the steam is cooled in the condenser so that it can be transferred to the water storage tank in the form of water.
  • a storage circuit through which the heat storage medium flows is preferably used.
  • the storage circuit comprises the steam cooler, the hot storage tank, the steam heater, and the hot storage tank.
  • renewable heat energy is particularly advantageous. This can, for example, be heat energy from solar collectors. It is also possible (particularly depending on the location) to use solar energy directly for heating the evaporator.
  • Another possibility is to use an electric heater in the evaporator, especially if surplus renewable electricity is available.
  • a cooling water circuit which includes the condenser and the heat pump. It should be noted that different switching states (flow direction, bypass, etc.) can also be provided in the cooling water circuit, depending on whether thermal energy is being stored or recovered.
  • a cooling water storage tank is required in the cooling water circuit in conjunction with the condenser.
  • a cooling water pump ensures circulation in the cooling water circuit, while a water cooler is also required, which also forms part of the heat pump.
  • the above-mentioned options for supplying heat to the heat pump can also be used, especially if external heat is not sufficient to directly heat the evaporator.
  • a third water pump is advantageously arranged in the connection.
  • other plants can also provide steam or consume steam
  • steam is supplied to the Ruths storage facility from the external plant, or that steam from the Ruths storage facility is made available to an external plant.
  • An advantageous first line connects the water reservoir to the first water pump.
  • An advantageous second line connects the first water pump to the evaporator.
  • An advantageous third line connects the evaporator to the vapor pump.
  • An advantageous fourth line connects the steam pump to the steam cooler.
  • An advantageous fifth line connects the steam cooler to the Ruths storage tank.
  • An advantageous branch of the first line leads to the third water pump or a further line connects the water reservoir to the third water pump.
  • An advantageous sixth line connects the Ruths storage tank with the steam heater.
  • An advantageous seventh line connects the steam heater to the steam turbine.
  • An advantageous eighth line connects the steam turbine to the condenser.
  • An advantageous ninth line connects the condenser to the second water pump.
  • the outlet for the water-steam cycle is the water tank, where the water stored therein usually has a temperature between 10°C and 70°C.
  • the steam is then compressed and heated by the steam pump.
  • the pressure downstream of the steam pump should be at least 15 bar. A pressure above 50 bar, however, results in disproportionately high installation costs without a corresponding increase in efficiency.
  • the temperature at the steam pump outlet should be at least 400°C. However, a temperature above 800°C should be avoided.
  • the steam pump output is superheated steam. This means that the steam temperature, taking into account the pressure achieved, is significantly above the boiling point.
  • the steam is then advantageously cooled in the steam cooler to a temperature between 150°C and 300°C.
  • the temperature can correspond approximately to the boiling point.
  • At least the steam coming from the steam cooler is fed into the Ruths storage tank and stored there as boiling water.
  • Heat storage medium to reach approximately the temperature that existed at the outlet of the steam pump when the heat energy was stored in the heat storage medium.
  • the reheated steam can now be fed to the steam turbine.
  • the purpose of the steam turbine is initially irrelevant.
  • the steam turbine is particularly preferably used to drive a generator.
  • the pressure in the water-steam circuit should be as low as possible, or approximately at normal pressure, in the area from the steam turbine to the steam pump.
  • a particularly advantageous factor in terms of the efficiency of the steam storage power plant is the lowest possible pressure in the aforementioned lines. However, this increases the installation effort accordingly.
  • the pressure in the connection from the second water pump at the end of the water-steam circuit upstream of the water reservoir to the steam pump is at least 0.2 bar. This applies to the first line, the second line, the third line, and the tenth line. A pressure of at least 0.4 bar is preferred. In contrast, the pressure should not exceed 1.4 bar.
  • the pressure in the lines is preferably at most 1.2 bar.
  • the pressure in the fourth line and the fifth line connecting the steam pump to the Ruths reservoir is advantageously at least 20 bar. It is also advantageous to limit the pressure to a maximum of 40 bar.
  • the pressure in the connection from the Ruths reservoir to the steam turbine will normally (due to its function) decrease from a higher pressure at the beginning of steam extraction until the end of steam extraction from the Ruths reservoir. Care should be taken to ensure that the pressure in the sixth and seventh lines is at least 5 bar. A minimum pressure of 10 bar is preferred during steam turbine operation. [0074] In the connection from the steam turbine to the second water pump following the condenser, the pressure should be less than 1.2 bar.
  • a maximum pressure of 0.6 bar is preferred. It is particularly advantageous if a maximum pressure of 0.3 bar is achieved.
  • the absolute steam temperature in the connection from the steam pump to the steam cooler should be at least 1.5 times the absolute boiling temperature. A process in which the absolute steam temperature in this connection is at least twice the absolute boiling temperature is particularly preferred.
  • FIG 1 shows schematically a first embodiment of a steam storage power plant 01 according to the invention with a water-steam circuit and a cooling circuit, wherein it is provided that saturated steam is introduced into the Ruths storage 07.
  • FIG 2 shows schematically a second embodiment of a steam storage power plant 11 according to the invention with a water-steam circuit and a cooling circuit, wherein it is provided that superheated steam is introduced into the Ruths storage 07.
  • FIG. 1 schematically outlines the structure of an exemplary steam storage power plant 01 according to the invention.
  • the water-steam circuit can be seen, starting from the water reservoir 02 via a first water pump 03 to the second water pump 12 and back to the water reservoir 02.
  • water is stored at a temperature between 10 °C and 70 °C.
  • the pressure in the water reservoir 02 corresponds to the ambient pressure and is therefore approximately 1 bar. A higher efficiency can be achieved if a pressure reduction is possible, and the pressure in the water reservoir 02 is approximately 0.5 bar.
  • a first line 21 leads from the water tank 02 to the first water pump 03.
  • the pressure and temperature in the first line 21 approximately correspond to those in the water tank 02.
  • a second line 22 leads from the first water pump 03 to the evaporator 04.
  • the temperature in the second line 22 essentially corresponds to that in the water reservoir 02.
  • the water is heated and evaporated into steam in the evaporator 04.
  • the evaporator 04 is part of a heat pump 12.
  • the steam pump 05 can be designed in different ways, whereby it must be ensured that the steam pump 05 enables compression of the steam to a pressure of at least 15 bar. At the same time, it is provided that the steam pump also causes a temperature increase to a temperature above 300 °C, so that significantly superheated steam is present. [0094] The superheated steam is then led from the steam pump 05 through a fourth line 24 to a steam cooler 06.
  • the fifth line 25 leads to the Ruths reservoir 07, where the saturated steam condenses into boiling water and can thus be stored.
  • the pressure in the fifth line 25 is slightly lower than in the fourth line 24 upstream of the steam cooler 06.
  • the thus reheated steam can now be fed to the steam turbine 09 through a seventh line 27, so that the steam turbine 09 can, for example, drive a generator (not shown) by performing mechanical work.
  • a pressure drop and, at the same time, a temperature reduction occurs.
  • the water-steam cycle is completed by the return of the condensed water from the condenser 10 through a ninth line 29 by means of a second water pump 12 and a tenth line 30 back into the water reservoir 02.
  • the heat storage medium is fed from a warm storage tank 13 through the steam cooler 06 to a hot storage tank 14. Accordingly, the hot storage tank 14 heats up during storage. It is possible for the cooler heat storage medium to be fed from the hot storage tank 14 directly or via the steam heater 08 without heat loss into the hot storage tank 13 to create a closed circuit.
  • the heat storage medium is led from the hot storage tank 14 via the steam heater 08 to the warm storage tank 13. Likewise, it is possible for the hotter heat storage medium to be led from the warm storage tank 13 directly or via the steam cooler 06 without heat absorption into the hot storage tank 14 to realize the closed circuit.
  • there is a cooling circuit which starts from a cooling water reservoir 32 and leads via a cooling water pump 33 to the condenser 10.
  • the cooling water is heated in the condenser and then fed to the heat pump 12 and, in turn, to a water cooler 34.
  • the water cooler 34 is thus also a component of the heat pump 12 for transferring heat energy from the cooling water by means of the heat pump 12 to the steam flowing through the evaporator 04.
  • FIG. 2 schematically outlines a second exemplary embodiment of a steam storage power plant 11 according to the invention.
  • the second exemplary embodiment essentially corresponds to the design of the first exemplary embodiment of a steam storage power plant 01. Therefore, only the differences will be discussed below.
  • a branch leads from the first line 21 to a third water pump 13.
  • An eleventh line 35 leads from the third water pump 13 to the Ruths reservoir 07.
  • the necessary mass balance in the Ruths reservoir 07 can be ensured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une centrale électrique à accumulation de vapeur (01) ayant un circuit eau-vapeur. Ce dernier présente, en une séquence directe ou indirecte, un réservoir d'eau (02), un évaporateur (04), une pompe à vapeur (05) qui permet une pression comprise entre 15 bars et 50 bars en sortie, un désurchauffeur (06), un accumulateur de vapeur (07), un réchauffeur de vapeur (08), une turbine à vapeur (09) et un condenseur (10). Pour le stockage de chaleur, le transfert de chaleur de la vapeur vers un milieu de stockage de chaleur a lieu dans le désurchauffeur et le transfert de chaleur du milieu de stockage de chaleur à la vapeur a lieu dans le radiateur à vapeur.
PCT/EP2024/070499 2023-09-06 2024-07-19 Centrale électrique à accumulation de vapeur et son procédé de fonctionnement Pending WO2025051433A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102023208569.0 2023-09-06
DE102023208569.0A DE102023208569A1 (de) 2023-09-06 2023-09-06 Dampfspeicherkraftwerk und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025051433A1 true WO2025051433A1 (fr) 2025-03-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2024/070499 Pending WO2025051433A1 (fr) 2023-09-06 2024-07-19 Centrale électrique à accumulation de vapeur et son procédé de fonctionnement

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102023208569A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2025051433A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4121460A1 (de) * 1991-06-28 1993-01-14 Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt Waermespeichersystem mit kombiniertem waermespeicher
DE102014106300A1 (de) * 2014-05-06 2015-11-12 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Dampfbereitstellungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Dampf
DE102015219391A1 (de) * 2015-10-07 2017-04-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gas-und-Dampf-Kombinationskraftwerks
EP2904220B1 (fr) * 2012-08-29 2020-09-30 Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives Systeme de stockage thermique de vapeur
EP3025031B1 (fr) 2013-09-24 2022-10-26 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fonctionnement d'une centrale à turbine à vapeur

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH240453A (de) 1944-01-12 1945-12-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Dampf-Heizanlage mit Speicher.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4121460A1 (de) * 1991-06-28 1993-01-14 Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt Waermespeichersystem mit kombiniertem waermespeicher
EP2904220B1 (fr) * 2012-08-29 2020-09-30 Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives Systeme de stockage thermique de vapeur
EP3025031B1 (fr) 2013-09-24 2022-10-26 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fonctionnement d'une centrale à turbine à vapeur
DE102014106300A1 (de) * 2014-05-06 2015-11-12 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Dampfbereitstellungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Dampf
DE102015219391A1 (de) * 2015-10-07 2017-04-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gas-und-Dampf-Kombinationskraftwerks

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Publication number Publication date
DE102023208569A1 (de) 2025-03-06

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