WO2025050230A1

WO2025050230A1 - Interference-based reporting using a channel measurement resource set

Info

Publication number: WO2025050230A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/116659
Authority: WO
Inventors: Qiaoyu Li; Mahmoud Taherzadeh Boroujeni; Mohamed Fouad Ahmed Marzban; Hamed Pezeshki
Original assignee: Qualcomm Inc
Current assignee: Qualcomm Inc
Priority date: 2023-09-04
Filing date: 2023-09-04
Publication date: 2025-03-13
Anticipated expiration: 2026-03-04

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may select a set of signal resources from a channel measurement resource (CMR) set. For one or more signal resources of the set of signal resources, the UE may select corresponding interference resources from the CMR set, forming resource pairs of signal and interference resources. The UE may transmit a report to a network entity based on the resource pairs. For example, the report may indicate the signal resources, the interference resources, the resource pairs, resource pair channel metrics, spatial or temporal beam predictions based on the resource pairs, a ranking of the resource pairs based on at least one channel metric or other preferences, or any combination thereof. The report, the resource pairs, or both may be based on a configuration indicated by the network entity to the UE.

Description

INTERFERENCE-BASED REPORTING USING A CHANNEL MEASUREMENT RESOURCE SET

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The following relates to wireless communications, including interference-based reporting using a channel measurement resource (CMR) set.

BACKGROUND

Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE) .

In some wireless communications systems, a UE may report channel information to a network entity based on channel measurements. In some cases, the network entity may configure the UE with channel measurement resource (CMR) and interference measurement resource (IMR) pairs on which to perform channel measurements. However, the network configuring CMR-IMR pairs at the UE may result in the UE measuring and reporting a significant quantity of CMR-IMR pairs in order to determine beams for communication, potentially causing significant latency and channel overhead.

SUMMARY

The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support interference-based reporting using a (e.g., single) channel measurement resource (CMR) set. For example, the described techniques provide for a user equipment (UE) to receive a request from a network entity to transmit a report including channel information associated with multiple resources, such as a CMR set. The UE may select a first set of signal resources from the multiple resources (e.g., the CMR set) to use for channel measurements. For each signal resource of the selected set of signal resources, the UE may select a corresponding interference resource (e.g., a resource for interference channel measurements) from the multiple resources (e.g., the CMR set) , forming pairs of signal and interference resources from the CMR set. The UE may report information based on measurements (e.g., channel measurements) performed on the pairs of signal and interference resources.

The report transmitted by the UE to the network entity may include channel information. For example, the report may include spatial or temporal beam predictions based on the measurements of the signal resources, the interference resources, or both, where the beam predictions may be based on an artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) model. As another example, the report may include a ranking of the selected signal and interference resource pairs, the ranking based on at least one value indicating at least one channel metric (e.g., signal-to-interference plus noise ratios (SINRs) , channel quality indicators (CQIs) ) for a signal and interference resource pair or one or more other UE preferences. The report may be an example of a channel state information (CSI) report, a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) report, a radio resource control (RRC) message, a user-plane data message, or a combination thereof. In some cases, the network entity may configure one or more parameters for the UE to use for selecting the resources (e.g., the signal resources, the corresponding interference resources) , one or more parameters for the UE to use for creating (e.g., generating, transmitting) the report (e.g., content of the report) , or any combination thereof.

A method for wireless communications at a UE is described. The method may include receiving signaling indicating a set of multiple resources associated with a single CMR set, the set of multiple resources including one or more synchronization signal block (SSB) resources, one or more non-zero-power (NZP) channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources, or any combination thereof, selecting, for a first resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the set of multiple resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource, and transmitting a report based on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.

A UE is described. The UE may include at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor, with instructions stored in the at least one memory. The instructions may be executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to receive signaling indicating a set of multiple resources associated with a single CMR set, the set of multiple resources including one or more SSB resources, one or more NZP CSI-RS resources, or any combination thereof, select, for a first resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the set of multiple resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource, and transmit a report based on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.

Another UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include means for receiving signaling indicating a set of multiple resources associated with a single CMR set, the set of multiple resources including one or more SSB resources, one or more NZP CSI-RS resources, or any combination thereof, means for selecting, for a first resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the set of multiple resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource, and means for transmitting a report based on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to receive signaling indicating a set of multiple resources associated with a single CMR set, the set of multiple resources including one or more SSB resources, one or more NZP CSI-RS resources, or any combination thereof, select, for a first resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the set of multiple resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource, and transmit a report based on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.

Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting a first set of resources, from the set of multiple resources, for channel measurement, the first set of resources including the first resource, where the report may be based on measurements associated with the first set of resources.

Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting, for at least two resources of the first set of resources for channel measurement, a same resource for interference measurement.

In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first measurement, the second measurement, or both correspond to a first time domain occasion. In some such examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the report may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the report including a predicted channel metric for a beam corresponding to a second time domain occasion subsequent to the first time domain occasion.

In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first measurement, the second measurement, or both correspond to a first beam. In some such examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the report may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the report including a predicted channel metric for a second beam different from the first beam, where the first beam may be associated with at least a first spatial filter that may be different from a second spatial filter associated with the second beam.

In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the report may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the report including a first value indicating a first channel metric for the first resource and a second value indicating a second channel metric for the second resource, where the second value includes a differential value relative to the first value.

In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the report may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the report indicating a first ranking of a first resource pair including the first resource and the second resource relative to a second ranking of a second resource pair, the first ranking and the second ranking based on the channel metric, a preference of the UE, or both.

In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the report includes a CSI report.

In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the report includes a MAC-CE report, an RRC message, or a user-plane data message.

In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, selecting the second resource for interference measurement may include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting the second resource for interference measurement based on one or more selection parameters.

Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from a network entity, an indication of the one or more selection parameters.

In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more selection parameters include a threshold strength difference between a first channel metric for the first resource and a second channel metric for the second resource, a threshold strength value for the channel metric associated with the signal component and the interference component, or both.

Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining, for a third resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a failure to satisfy the one or more selection parameters, where the report includes one or more reserved bits indicating that the third resource may be unpaired with an interference resource based on the determined failure to satisfy the one or more selection parameters.

Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a configuration message indicating content to include in the report, where transmitting the report may be based on the configuration message.

In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the configuration message includes a CSI report setting associated with periodic transmission of the report, a MAC-CE activating semi-persistent transmission of the report, or CSI associated report configuration information associated with aperiodic transmission of the report.

In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indicated content includes a resource pair including the first resource and the second resource, a first channel metric for the first resource, a second channel metric for the second resource, the channel metric associated with the signal component and the interference component, or any combination thereof.

In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the configuration message indicates one or more future time domain occasions associated with prediction-based beam reporting, a second set of multiple resources associated with prediction-based measurements for the report, quantization information associated with reporting one or more values of the report, or any combination thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system that supports interference-based reporting using a channel measurement resource (CMR) set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a network architecture that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

FIGs. 3 and 4 show examples of wireless communications systems that support interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a prediction scheme that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a process flow that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

FIGs. 7 and 8 show block diagrams of devices that support interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

FIGs. 11 through 13 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In some wireless communications systems, a user equipment (UE) may report channel information to a network entity based on channel measurements. In some cases, the channel measurements may be performed on channel measurement resources (CMRs) , interference measurement resources (IMRs) , or both, where the network may configure (e.g., indicate pre-determined) CMR and IMR pairs for channel measurement to the UE. However, such channel measurement may be sub-optimal due to a lack of flexibility for the UE to determine the resource pairs to measure and report. For example, the UE may fail to determine a CMR-IMR pair corresponding to a threshold channel metric (e.g., a highest signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) ) . Additionally, or alternatively, reporting channel information for a configured set of CMR-IMR pairs may result in substantial reporting overhead (e.g., channel overhead) , reporting latency, or both.

According to techniques described herein, a UE may receive a request from a network entity to transmit a report including channel information associated with multiple resources. For example, the network entity may configure the UE with a CMR set for channel measurement, the CMR set including one or more synchronization signal block (SSB) resources, one or more non-zero-power (NZP) channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources, or any combination thereof. The UE may select a first set of signal resources, from the multiple resources (e.g., the CMR set) , which may be for channel measurements. For a signal resource of the set of signal resources, the UE may select a corresponding interference resource (e.g., a resource for interference channel measurements) from the multiple resources (e.g., the CMR set) , forming a pair of signal and interference resources. In some examples, the UE may select a pair of signal and interference resources for each signal resource of the selected set of signal resources. The UE may perform measurements (e.g., channel measurements) using the pairs of signal and interference resources and may report information to the network based on the measurements.

The report transmitted from the UE to the network entity may include channel information, such as channel state information (CSI) . For example, the report may include spatial or temporal beam predictions based on the measurements of the signal resources, the interference resources, or both, where the beam predictions may be based on an artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) model. As another example, the report may include a ranking of the selected signal and interference resource pairs, the ranking based on at least one value indicating at least one channel metric (e.g., a SINR, a channel quality indicator (CQI) ) for a signal and interference resource pair, based on one or more UE preferences, or both. The report may be an example of a CSI report, a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) report, a radio resource control (RRC) message, a user-plane data message, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the network entity may configure one or more parameters for the UE to use for selecting the resources (e.g., the signal resources, the corresponding interference resources) , for the UE to use for creating (e.g., generating, transmitting) the report (e.g., indicating contents of the report) , or both.

Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Additionally, aspects of the disclosure are described in the context and with reference to prediction schemes and process flows. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to interference-based reporting using a CMR set.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link) . For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) .

The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 or network entities 105, as shown in FIG. 1.

As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein) , a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein) , a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a backhaul communication link 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via a core network 130) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol) , or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication links 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) , one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link) , among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.

One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or a giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology) . In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as a base station 140) .

In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) , which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some examples, one or more network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .

The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3) , layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170, and the one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170 may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs 170) . In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165, or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170) . A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU 165 may be connected to one or more RUs 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 105 that are in communication via such communication links.

In wireless communications systems (e.g., wireless communications system 100) , infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130) . In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be partially controlled by one or more CUs 160 associated with a donor network entity 105 (e.g., a donor base station 140) . The one or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication links 120) . IAB nodes 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by DUs 165 of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may include an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of an IAB node 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT) ) . In some examples, the IAB nodes 104 may include DUs 165 that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB nodes 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream) . In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB nodes 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

In some examples of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support interference-based reporting using a CMR set as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., IAB nodes 104, DUs 165, CUs 160, RUs 170, RIC 175, SMO 180) .

A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, or vehicles, meters, among other examples.

The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that may sometimes act as relays as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.

The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., an access link) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication links 125. For example, a carrier used for a communication link 125 may include a portion of a RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) . Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting, ” “receiving, ” or “communicating, ” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105) .

In some examples, such as in a carrier aggregation configuration, a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates operations for other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute RF channel number (EARFCN) ) and may be identified according to a channel raster for discovery by the UEs 115. A carrier may be operated in a standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection may be conducted by the UEs 115 via the carrier, or the carrier may be operated in a non-standalone mode, in which case a connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., of the same or a different radio access technology) .

The communication links 125 shown in the wireless communications system 100 may include downlink transmissions (e.g., forward link transmissions) from a network entity 105 to a UE 115, uplink transmissions (e.g., return link transmissions) from a UE 115 to a network entity 105, or both, among other configurations of transmissions. Carriers may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode) or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode) .

A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the RF spectrum and, in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wireless communications system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths for carriers of a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz) ) . Devices of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., the network entities 105, the UEs 115, or both) may have hardware configurations that support communications using a particular carrier bandwidth or may be configurable to support communications using one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may include network entities 105 or UEs 115 that support concurrent communications using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured for operating using portions (e.g., a sub-band, a BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth.

Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) . In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) , such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam) , and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.

One or more numerologies for a carrier may be supported, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing (Δf) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier may be divided into one or more BWPs having the same or different numerologies. In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier may be active at a given time and communications for the UE 115 may be restricted to one or more active BWPs.

The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of T_s=1/ (Δf_max·N_f) seconds, for which Δf_max may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and N_f may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) . Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .

Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . In some wireless communications systems 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., N_f) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.

A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .

Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET) ) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to multiple UEs 115 and UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a specific UE 115.

In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, the overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 provide coverage for various coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) . The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.

In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P) , D2D, or sidelink protocol) . In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.

The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.

The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) . Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

The wireless communications system 100 may also operate using a super high frequency (SHF) region, which may be in the range of 3 GHz to 30 GHz, also known as the centimeter band, or using an extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) , also known as the millimeter band. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between the UEs 115 and the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140, RUs 170) , and EHF antennas of the respective devices may be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, such techniques may facilitate using antenna arrays within a device. The propagation of EHF transmissions, however, may be subject to even greater attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions that use one or more different frequency regions, and designated use of bands across these frequency regions may differ by country or regulating body.

The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.

A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.

The network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may use MIMO communications to exploit multipath signal propagation and increase spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such techniques may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals may, for example, be transmitted by the transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Likewise, the multiple signals may be received by the receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords) . Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) , for which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) , for which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .

A network entity 105 or a UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of beamforming operations. For example, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to conduct beamforming operations for directional communications with a UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted by a network entity 105 multiple times along different directions. For example, the network entity 105 may transmit a signal according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission. Transmissions along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device, such as a network entity 105, or by a receiving device, such as a UE 115) a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the network entity 105.

Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be transmitted by transmitting device (e.g., a transmitting network entity 105, a transmitting UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as a receiving network entity 105 or a receiving UE 115) . In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on a signal that was transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, a UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by the network entity 105 along different directions and may report to the network entity 105 an indication of the signal that the UE 115 received with a highest signal quality or an otherwise acceptable signal quality.

In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., by a network entity 105 or a UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from a network entity 105 to a UE 115) . The UE 115 may report feedback that indicates precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured set of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. The network entity 105 may transmit a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) , a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) ) , which may be precoded or unprecoded. The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook) . Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted along one or more directions by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , a UE 115 may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times along different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) or for transmitting a signal along a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device) .

A receiving device (e.g., a UE 115) may perform reception operations in accordance with multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105) , such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device may perform reception in accordance with multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, a receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal) . The single receive configuration may be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) , or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions) .

According to techniques described herein, a UE 115 may receive signaling from a network entity 105 indicating multiple resources for channel measurement. In some examples, the multiple resources may correspond to a single CMR set. In some other examples, the multiple resources may correspond to multiple CMR sets. The UE 115 may select a first set of signal resources, from the multiple resources (e.g., a single CMR set) , for channel measurements. For each signal resource of the set of signal resources, the UE 115 may select a corresponding interference resource (e.g., a resource for interference channel measurements) from the multiple resources (e.g., the single CMR set) , forming pairs of signal and interference resources. Accordingly, the UE 115 may dynamically determine signal and interference resource pairs from a single CMR set or from multiple CMR sets, for example, without a configuration of an IMR set or any CMR-IMR pairs. The UE 115 may perform measurements (e.g., channel measurements) using the selected pairs of signal and interference resources.

The UE 115 may transmit a report to the network entity 105, the report indicating channel information based on the measurements. For example, the report may include spatial or temporal beam predictions based on the measurements of the signal resources, the interference resources, or both, where the beam predictions may be based on an AI or ML model. Additionally, or alternatively, the report may include a ranking of the selected signal and interference resource pairs, the ranking based on one or more channel metrics (e.g., SINRs, CQIs) for signal and interference resource pairs, one or more preferences of the UE 115, or some combination thereof. The report may be a CSI report, a MAC-CE report, an RRC message, a user-plane data message, or a combination thereof. In some cases, the network entity 105 may configure one or more parameters for the UE 115 to use for selecting the resources (e.g., the signal resources, the corresponding interference resources) , for the UE 115 to use for creating (e.g., generating, transmitting) the report, or both.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a network architecture 200 (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The network architecture 200 may illustrate an example for implementing one or more aspects of the wireless communications system 100. The network architecture 200 may include one or more CUs 160-a that may communicate directly with a core network 130-a via a backhaul communication link 120-a, or indirectly with the core network 130-a through one or more disaggregated network entities 105 (e.g., a Near-RT RIC 175-b via an E2 link, or a Non-RT RIC 175-aassociated with an SMO 180-a (e.g., an SMO Framework) , or both) . A CU 160-a may communicate with one or more DUs 165-a via respective midhaul communication links 162-a (e.g., an F1 interface) . The DUs 165-a may communicate with one or more RUs 170-a via respective fronthaul communication links 168-a. The RUs 170-a may be associated with respective coverage areas 110-a and may communicate with UEs 115 via one or more communication links 125-a. In some implementations, a UE 115 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 170-a.

Each of the network entities 105 of the network architecture 200 (e.g., CUs 160-a, DUs 165-a, RUs 170-a, Non-RT RICs 175-a, Near-RT RICs 175-b, SMOs 180-a, Open Clouds (O-Clouds) 205, Open eNBs (O-eNBs) 210) may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled with one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals (e.g., data, information) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each network entity 105, or an associated processor (e.g., controller) providing instructions to an interface of the network entity 105, may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other network entities 105 via the transmission medium. For example, the network entities 105 may include a wired interface configured to receive or transmit signals over a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other network entities 105. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entities 105 may include a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter, or transceiver (e.g., an RF transceiver) configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other network entities 105.

In some examples, a CU 160-a may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include RRC, PDCP, SDAP, or the like. Each control function may be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 160-a. A CU 160-a may be configured to handle user plane functionality (e.g., CU-UP) , control plane functionality (e.g., CU-CP) , or a combination thereof. In some examples, a CU 160-a may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. A CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface, such as an E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. A CU 160-a may be implemented to communicate with a DU 165-a, as necessary, for network control and signaling.

A DU 165-a may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more functions (e.g., base station functions, RAN functions) to control the operation of one or more RUs 170-a. In some examples, a DU 165-a may host, at least partially, one or more of an RLC layer, a MAC layer, and one or more aspects of a PHY layer (e.g., a high PHY layer, such as modules for FEC encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, or the like) depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as those defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . In some examples, a DU 165-a may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer may be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers hosted by the DU 165-a, or with control functions hosted by a CU 160-a.

In some examples, lower-layer functionality may be implemented by one or more RUs 170-a. For example, an RU 170-a, controlled by a DU 165-a, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions, or low-PHY layer functions (e.g., performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) , inverse FFT (iFFT) , digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or the like) , or both, based at least in part on the functional split, such as a lower-layer functional split. In such an architecture, an RU 170-a may be implemented to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 115. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU (s) 170-a may be controlled by the corresponding DU 165-a. In some examples, such a configuration may enable a DU 165-a and a CU 160-a to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

The SMO 180-a may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network entities 105. For non-virtualized network entities 105, the SMO 180-a may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (e.g., an O1 interface) . For virtualized network entities 105, the SMO 180-a may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (e.g., an O-Cloud 205) to perform network entity life cycle management (e.g., to instantiate virtualized network entities 105) via a cloud computing platform interface (e.g., an O2 interface) . Such virtualized network entities 105 can include, but are not limited to, CUs 160-a, DUs 165-a, RUs 170-a, and Near-RT RICs 175-b. In some implementations, the SMO 180-a may communicate with components configured in accordance with a 4G RAN (e.g., via an O1 interface) . Additionally, or alternatively, in some implementations, the SMO 180-a may communicate directly with one or more RUs 170-a via an O1 interface. The SMO 180-a also may include a Non-RT RIC 175-a configured to support functionality of the SMO 180-a.

The Non-RT RIC 175-a may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, AI or ML workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications/features in the Near-RT RIC 175-b. The Non-RT RIC 175-a may be coupled to or communicate with (e.g., via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 175-b. The Near-RT RIC 175-b may be configured to include a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions over an interface (e.g., via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 160-a, one or more DUs 165-a, or both, as well as an O-eNB 210, with the Near-RT RIC 175-b.

In some examples, to generate AI/ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 175-b, the Non-RT RIC 175-a may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 175-b and may be received at the SMO 180-a or the Non-RT RIC 175-a from non- network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 175-a or the Near-RT RIC 175-b may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 175-a may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and employ AI or ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO 180-a (e.g., reconfiguration via O1) or via generation of RAN management policies (e.g., A1 policies) .

According to techniques described herein, AI or ML models may be used for a single CMR set-based MU-MIMO interference prediction. For example, a UE 115 (e.g., a UE 115 as described herein with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2) may select one or more resources from a CMR set to use for channel and interference measurements based on an output of an AI or ML model. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may perform a spatial or temporal beam prediction based on the output of an AI or ML model.

In some cases, a network entity 105 may configure the UE 115 with a CMR set. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105 or another network entity 105 may request the UE 115 report channel information based on the CMR set. In some cases, the network entity 105 or another network entity 105 may receive a report from the UE 115 based on channel measurements using the CMR set. Such network entities 105 may be any combination of an RU 170-a, a DU 165-a, or a CU 160-a.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a wireless communications system 300 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, aspects of FIG. 3 may implement or be implemented by aspects of FIGs. 1 and 2. For example, FIG. 3 shows network entities 105 (e.g., a network entity 105-a and a network entity 105-b) and a UE 115-a, which may be examples of network entities 105 and a UE 115, respectively, as described herein with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2. The wireless communications system 300 may include a UE 115-a performing channel measurements based on signal resources and interference resources selected from a CMR set (e.g., a single CMR set) . In some cases, the UE 115-a may perform the channel measurements for a beam management procedure (e.g., to determine a communication beam pair, to predict channel metrics associated with a beam) . The UE 115-a may report channel information to a network entity 105 (e.g., the network entity 105-a, the network entity 105-b) based on the channel measurements for the CMR set.

The wireless communications system 300 may include multiple network entities 105 transmitting signaling via one or more beams. In some cases, the network entity 105-a and the network entity 105-b may be aspects of a same network entity 105, different network entities 105, or different components (e.g., a CU 160, a DU 165, an RU 170, as described with respect to FIG. 2) of a network entity 105. In some cases, the UE 115-a may receive signaling via one or more of the beams and may perform measurements on the signaling corresponding to the one or more beams.

In some cases, the UE 115-a may enter an inactive mode (e.g., RRC_IDLE of RRC_INACTIVE) . In some such cases, the UE 115-a may attempt an initial access procedure, which may include monitoring for SSBs in accordance with a beam sweeping procedure (e.g., wide beam sweeping) at a network entity 105 (e.g., the network entity 105-b) or at the UE 115-a. The initial access procedure may additionally include the UE 115-a performing a contention-based random access (CBRA) procedure, including transmitting at least one random access channel (RACH) message carrying a preamble via a RACH occasion based on the SSBs. Based on attempting the initial access procedure, the UE 115-a may enter a connected mode (e.g., RRC_CONNECTED) .

In some examples, the UE 115-a may perform beam management while operating in the connected mode. For example, the UE 115-a may perform a beam management procedure (e.g., sunny day beam management) including one or more downlink procedures (e.g., P1/P2/P3) using SSBs and CSI-RSs, one or more uplink procedures (e.g., U1/U2/U3) using sounding reference signals (SRSs) , reporting L1-reference signal received power (RSRP) values, receiving or reporting transmission configuration indicator (TCI) -states, or any combination thereof. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-a may perform a beam management procedure (e.g., enhanced beam management (eBM) ) including reporting L1-SINR measurements and performing overhead and latency reduction processes, such as component carrier group beam updating, uplink beam updating, or both. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-a may perform a beam management procedure (e.g., further enhanced beam management (FeBM) ) including further latency and efficiency enhancements, such as including unified TCI states, L1/L2-centric mobility, dynamic TCI updates, uplink multi-panel selection, maximum permissible exposure (MPE) mitigation, or other beam management latency reductions. The beam management procedure may additionally, or alternatively, include beam management for multiple transmission and reception points (mTRPs) .

In some cases, the UE 115-a may experience beam failure and may perform beam failure recovery (BFR) procedures. For example, the UE 115-a may perform a BFR procedure including beam failure detection (BFD) for a primary cell (Pcell) or a primary and secondary cell (PScell) . The UE 115-a may detect beam failure based on one or more BFD reference signals, one or more physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) block error rates (BLER) , contention free random access (CFRA) procedures, or any combination thereof. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-a may perform a BFR procedure for a secondary cell (Scell) based on BFD for the SCell, link recovery requests (e.g., via a scheduling request (SR) ) , a MAC-CE, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the BFD may be based on one or more measurements performed by the UE 115-a, and the BFR procedure may allow for a beam recovery (e.g., a relatively fast beam recovery) . Additionally, or alternatively, if the UE 115-a fails the BFR procedures, the UE 115-a may enter a radio link failure (RLF) mode.

In some cases, AI or ML-based beam management may increase the efficiency and success rate of beam management procedures. For example, the UE 115-a may use AI or ML models for air-interface communications to improve performance, complexity, or both. For example, the UE 115-a may use an AI or ML model for beam management (e.g., beam prediction in the time domain, beam prediction in the spatial domain, or both) for overhead and latency reduction and beam selection accuracy improvement.

In some other wireless communications systems, an interference measurement procedure (e.g., a MU-MIMO interference control) may be sub-optimal and/or inefficient. For example, a UE 115 may determine one or more channel metrics (e.g., L1-SINR, CQI considering interference) using one or more interference resources associated with an IMR (e.g., SSBs, CSI-RSs, CSI-interference measurement (IM) -based IMR) . In some cases, the one or more interference resources may be pre-determined or pre-configured by a network entity 105. In some examples, the UE 115 may use one interference resource at a time for interference-based channel metrics in a sequential measuring procedure. Such measuring (e.g., sequential measuring, inter-cell measuring) may be sub-optimal, because the procedure may fail to determine a beam pair for communication on a global level (e.g., accounting for multiple different interference resources or interference sources) .

Measuring and reporting interference feedback may be based on CMR and IMR pairs configured by the network entity 105. The UE 115 may select the CMRs that satisfy an L1-SINR or CQI threshold (e.g., taking measurement on the paired IMR into consideration when calculating interference) to feedback one or more channel metrics (e.g., CSI-RS resource indicators (CRIs) , L1-SINRs, CQIs) associated with a CMR and IMR pair. In some cases, measuring and reporting interference feedback in this manner may involve the UE 115 comparing or reporting a relatively large quantity of CMR and IMR pairs. However, each resource set (e.g., CSI-RS resource set) may have a threshold (e.g., maximum) quantity of resources (e.g., 64 resources) available for CMRs, IMRs, or both. In such cases, the interference feedback methods may involve multiple resource sets, multiple reports, relatively large reports, a relatively large quantity of measurements, or any combination thereof, resulting in significant signaling overhead, processing overhead at the UE 115, or both.

In contrast, the wireless communications system 300 may support interference-based reporting using a single CMR set (e.g., as compared to pre-configured pairings of resources between CMR and IMR sets) . The UE 115-a may perform interference measurement, prediction, or both (e.g., for a MU-MIMO system) based on a (e.g., single) resource set (e.g., CMR set) . In such cases, beams from a codebook of the network entities 105 may form resource pairs for the UE 115-a, one or more other UEs (e.g., such as UEs 115 of FIG. 1) , or both. The UE 115-a may select (e.g., dynamically select) resources to use for a beam pair (e.g., signal and interference beam pair) and report results to the network entities 105 based on the UE 115-a measuring or predicting channel metrics corresponding to one or more of the beams of the codebook.

According to techniques described herein, the UE 115-a may perform interference-based reporting using a (e.g., single) CMR set (e.g., for measurement or prediction-based L1-reports) . For example, the described techniques provide for a UE 115-a to receive a request from a network entity 105 to transmit a report including channel information associated with multiple resources. The UE 115-a may select a first set of signal resources, from a configured set of multiple resources (e.g., a CMR set) , which may be for channel measurements. For each signal resource of the set of signal resources, the UE 115-a may select a corresponding interference resource (e.g., a resource for interference channel measurements) from the multiple resources (e.g., the CMR set) , forming pairs of signal and interference resources. For example, the UE 115-a may select a pair of resources including a signal resource corresponding to a first beam 305-a (e.g., a transmit beam) of the network entity 105-a and an interference resource corresponding to a second beam 305-b (e.g., a transmit beam) of the network entity 105-b. Similarly, the UE 115-a may select a pair of resources including a signal resource corresponding to a third beam 305-c (e.g., a transmit beam) of the network entity 105-a and an interference resource corresponding to a fourth beam 305-d (e.g., a transmit beam) of the network entity 105-b. The UE 115-a may transmit a report based on measurements (e.g., channel measurements) performed on signaling received via the pairs of signal and interference resources.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a wireless communications system 400 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, aspects of FIG. 4 may implement or be implemented by aspects of FIGs. 1 through 3. For example, FIG. 4 may show a network entity 105-c and a UE 115-b, which may be examples of a network entity 105 and a UE 115, respectively, as described herein with reference to FIGs. 1 through 3. The network entity 105-c may configure the UE 115-b with a resource set 410, such as a CMR. The UE 115-b may use the resource set 410 to perform interference-based measurements and transmit a report 420 to the network entity 105-c.

The wireless communications system 400 may include the network entity 105-c communicating with the UE 115-b. For example, the network entity 105-c may transmit signaling via one or more beams 405, which in some cases may correspond to one or more resources 415 (e.g., a resource 415-a, a resource 415-b, a resource 415-c, a resource 415-d, and a resource 415-e) of a resource set 410. The resource set 410 may include any quantity and configuration of resources 415. For example, the resources 415 of the resource set 410 may correspond to a same or different frequency resource, a same or different time resource, a same or different spatial resource (e.g., corresponding to a same or different beam) , or any combination thereof. Additionally, the UE 115-b may transmit a report 420 to the network entity 105-c which may indicate one or more resource sets (e.g., a signal resource set 425-a and an interference resource set 425-b) , one or more signal and interference resource pairs, one or more channel metrics 435, other channel measurement information, or any combination thereof.

The resources 415 of the resource set 410 may be CMRs. For example, the network entity 105-c may configure the UE 115-b with a CMR set (e.g., the resource set 410) for channel measurements. In some cases, the network entity 105-c may refrain from configuring the UE 115-b with an IMR set (e.g., a corresponding IMR set for performing interference measurements relating to the CMR set) . In some cases, the resources 415 of the resource set 410 may be from a single CMR set. In some other cases, the resources 415 of the resource set 410 may be from more than one CMR set. In some cases, the resources 415 may be examples of SSB resources, CSI-RS resources, or both. For example, the network entity 105-c may transmit an SSB or a CSI-RS via a resource 415 of the resource set 410 (e.g., in the frequency range, in the time occasion, and using the spatial filter corresponding to the resource 415) . Additionally, or alternatively, the resources 415 may be virtual resources (e.g., for beam prediction-based methods) . For example, the UE 115-b may predict channel metrics for a virtual resource rather than receive and measure a signal via the virtual resource.

According to techniques described herein, the UE 115-b may transmit the report 420 (e.g., perform L1 reporting) based on resource pairing (e.g., beam pairing) performed at the UE 115-b (e.g., within a MU-MIMO system) . For example, the network entity 105-c may request the UE 115-b to transmit the report 420 (e.g., a CSI report or other type of message) , where the report 420 may be associated with the resource set 410.

Additionally, or alternatively, contents 440 of the report 420 (e.g., the report quantity) may be based on one or more resource sets selected by the UE 115-b. For example, the UE 115-b may select a first quantity of resources from the resource set 410 to be included in a signal resource set 425-a. In some cases, the signal resource set 425-a may include resources 415 to be considered for channel measurement (e.g., a signal component of a channel metric) . Such resources 415 of the resource set 425-a may be referred to as “signal” resources. For example, the UE 115-b may select the resource 415-a, the resource 415-b, and the resource 415-c for inclusion in the resource set 425-a.

Additionally, or alternatively, the contents 440 of the report 420 may be based on one or more resource pairs 430 that are selected (e.g., generated, configured) by the UE 115-b. For example, for a k^th resource, R_k of the resource set 425-a (e.g., with 1<k<K, where K is the first quantity of selected resources 415 in the signal resource set 425-a) , the UE 115-b may select a resource 415 (e.g., an interference resource) , I_k, from the resource set 410 as an interference resource to be paired with the k^th resource. Stated differently, the resource I_k may be considered as an interference component associated with the resource R_k (e.g., a signal component) . In some cases, the resource R_k and the resource I_k should be different resources 415 of the resource set 410 (e.g., the CMR set) . In some cases, the resource I_k may be a same resource 415 of the resource set 410 as a resource I_k+m, where 1<k+m<K, or the resource I_k may be a different resource 415 of the resource set 410 than the resource I_k+m. For example, the UE 115-b may select the same resource 415 from the resource set 410 as an interference component for multiple different signal resources. The resources 415 selected by the UE 115-b for inclusion in the interference resource set 425-b may be referred to as “interference” resources.

For example, the UE 115-b may select the resource 415-a, the resource 415-b, and the resource 415-c for inclusion in the resource set 425-a. According to the techniques described herein, for a first signal resource of the resource set 425-a (e.g., the resource 415-a) , the UE 115-b may select a first interference resource (e.g., the resource 415-d) for inclusion in the resource set 425-b. The UE 115-b may similarly select an interference resource (e.g., resource 415-e) for inclusion in the resource set 425-b for each remaining signal resource (e.g., resource 415-b and resource 415-c) of the resource set 425-a. As an example, the UE 115-b may select the same resource 415-e for inclusion in the resource set 425-b for the resource 415-b and the resource 415-c of the resource set 425-a. As such, the UE 115-b may dynamically select signal and interference resource pairs for channel measurements from a single resource set 410 (e.g., a single CMR set) .

In some cases, an interference resource of the resource set 425-b and the corresponding signal resource of the resource set 425-a may form a resource pair 430. For example, the resource 415-e may be selected for inclusion in the resource set 425-b for the corresponding resource 415-c of the resource set 425-a, and thus the resource 415-c and the resource 415-e may be part of a resource pair 430 (e.g., a signal and interference resource pair) . The UE 115-b may select, from the resource set 410, K resource pairs 430, with one resource of each resource pair 430 corresponding to a signal component for channel measurement and the other resource of the resource pair corresponding to an interference component for the channel measurement. Resources 415 within a resource pair 430 may be called corresponding resources (e.g., corresponding signal resource, corresponding interference resource) .

In some cases, the contents 440 of the report 420 may include an indication of the resource set 425-a and the resource set 425-b, the resource pairs 430, the resources 415 of the resource sets, or any combination thereof. Additionally, or alternatively, the contents 440 of the report 420 may include one or more channel metrics 435 (e.g., channel characteristic metrics, CSI measurements) associated with the resource pairs 430, resources 415, or both. For example, the one or more channel metrics 435 may include L1-RSRP measurements associated with one or more of the resources 415 of the resource set 425-a, one or more of the resources 415 of the resource set 425-b, one or more of the resource pairs 430, or any combination thereof. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more channel metrics 435 may include L1-SINRs, CQIs, or both associated with one or more of the resource pairs 430, where a signal component (e.g., a signal strength) of the L1-SINRs, CQIs, or both may be identified (e.g., measured) based on the signal resource of a resource pair 430 (e.g., the resource 415 of the resource set 425-a of the resource pair 430) , and an interference component (e.g., an interference strength) of the L1-SINRs, CQIs, or both may be identified based on the interference resource of the resource pair 430 (e.g., the resource 415 of the resource set 425-b of the resource pair 430) .

In some cases, the UE 115-b may use one or more reporting schemes or report message formats to reduce a reporting overhead (e.g., processing overhead at the UE 115-b, channel overhead) associated with the report 420. For example, a first reporting scheme may include the UE 115-b selecting multiple (e.g., different) resources 415 for inclusion in the resource set 425-a and selecting a single resource 415 for inclusion in the resource set 425-b (e.g., selecting a same interference resource for each of the signal resources of the resource set 425-a) . Using the same interference resource for each of the resource pairs 430 may improve a processing overhead associated with channel measurements at the UE 115-b, correspondingly improving a battery life of the UE 115-b. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-b may improve a channel overhead based on signaling information relating to the single interference resource selected for each resource pair 430 in the contents 440 of the report 420.

A second reporting scheme may include the UE 115-b reporting (e.g., including in the contents 440 of the report 420) a differential channel metric (e.g., differential value) associated with an interference resource. For example, the UE 115-b may measure a channel metric value for a resource 415 of the interference resource set 425-b. The UE 115-b may report the channel metric value for the interference resource as a differential value with respect to a channel metric of a paired signal resource (e.g., a corresponding resource 415 of the resource set 425-a) . For example, the UE 115-b may report an interference channel metric (e.g., L1-RSRP, CQI, or another channel metric) for a resource 415 (e.g., the resource 415-e) of the resource set 425-b. According to the second reporting scheme, the UE 115-b may report the interference channel metric as a difference from (e.g., between, with respect to) a signal channel metric (e.g., L1-RSRP, CQI, or another channel metric) for a corresponding resource 415 (e.g., the resource 415-c) of the resource set 425-a. A device receiving the report 420, such as the network entity 105-c, may determine the channel metric of the signal resource (e.g., the resource 415-c) and may determine the channel metric for the corresponding interference resource (e.g., the resource 415-e) based on the determined channel metric of the signal resource and the differential value for the corresponding interference resource. In some cases, the UE 115-b may report the differential channel metric using 2 or 3 bits. Additionally, or alternatively, a first quantization step, a first quantization range, or both (e.g., which may be predefined or configured by the network entity 105-c) associated with the differential channel metric may be different from a second quantization step, a second quantization range, or both associated with L1-RSRP reporting (e.g., differential L1-RSRP reporting) of the signal resources (e.g., the resources 415 of the resource set 425-a) . For example, the UE 115-b may improve an overhead associated with the report 420 by reducing the granularity of the differential values for reporting channel metrics for the interference resources as compared to differential values for reporting channel metrics for the signal resources.

In some cases, the contents 440 of the report 420 may include a ranking of the resource pairs 430. In some examples (e.g., if no L1-RSRP or L1-SINR is addressed for the resources pairs 430) , the ranking may be based on an order (e.g., ascending, descending) of a derived channel metric (e.g., L1-SINR, CQI, or both) associated with each resource pair 430. Additionally, or alternatively, the ranking may be based on an order in accordance with one or more other preferences of the UE 115-b (e.g., one or more UE autonomous preferences) associated with the resource pairs 430. For example, the one or more other preferences may be associated with using relatively wider receive beams for energy savings at the UE 115-b, such that resource pairs 430 corresponding to relatively wider receive beams may be ranked higher than resource pairs 430 corresponding to relatively narrower receive beams in the report 420.

In some cases, such reporting schemes, rankings, or both may be used for CSI reporting, MAC-CE reporting, RRC reporting, user-plane data reporting, or any combination of these or other message types (e.g., for temporal beam prediction or for data collection, as described herein) .

In some cases, the network entity 105-c may indicate one or more selection parameters to the UE 115-b, where the UE 115-b may select the resources 415 for the resource set 425-a, the resource set 425-b, or both from the resource set 410 based on the selection parameters. As an example, a first selection parameter may include a threshold strength difference between a signal channel metric for a signal resource and an interference channel metric for a corresponding interference resource. For example, according to the first selection parameter, the UE 115-b may select the resource 415-e for inclusion in the resource set 425-b to pair with the resource 415-b based on a difference between an interference channel metric of the resource 415-e and a signal channel metric of the resource 415-b satisfying (e.g., being greater than) the threshold strength difference. For example, the first selection parameter may configure a threshold strength difference of X decibels (dB) between the L1-RSRP for a signal resource 415 and the L1-RSRP for a corresponding interference resource 415. The UE 115-b may select, for a signal resource 415, a corresponding interference resource 415 from a set of resources of the resource set 410 that satisfy the threshold strength difference.

As another example, a second selection parameter may include a threshold strength value for a channel metric associated with a signal component and a corresponding interference component. For example, according to the second selection parameter, the UE 115-b may select the resource 415-d for inclusion in the resource set 425-b to pair with the resource 415-a based on a channel metric (e.g., a derived L1-SINR) of the resource pair 430 including the signal resource 415-a and the interference resource 415-d satisfying (e.g., being stronger than) the threshold strength value. For example, the second selection parameter may configure a threshold strength value of Y dB for the L1-SINR value determined for a resource pair 430. The UE 115-b may select, for a signal resource 415, a corresponding interference resource 415 from a set of resources of the resource set 410 that form a resource pair 430 satisfying the threshold strength value. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105-c may configure any other selection parameters for the UE 115-b. In some cases, the UE 115-b may determine or store one or more selection parameters (e.g., independent of the network entity 105-c) .

In some cases, the UE 115-b may indicate, to the network entity 105-c, one or more reserved bits (e.g., reserved bit points) associated with selection of the resources 415 for the resource sets. For example, the UE 115-b may determine, for a signal resource 415 of the resource set 425-a, a failure to satisfy one or more selection parameters for selecting a corresponding interference resource 415. In such an example, the contents 440 of the report 420 may include the one or more reserved bits, which may indicate that the signal resource 415 of the resource set 425-a is unpaired (e.g., has no corresponding resource 415 of the resource set 425-b) based on the determined failure to satisfy the one or more selection parameters. For example, for a selected signal resource 415 from the resource set 410, the UE 115-b may fail to determine an interference resource 415 from the resource set 410 that satisfies one or more selection parameters. In some such examples, the UE 115-b may refrain from reporting information relating to the selected signal resource 415 in the report 420. In some other such examples, the UE 115-b may report signal information (e.g., a subset of information, such as an RSRP value for the signal resource 415) relating to the selected signal resource 415 and may include one or more bits indicating the reserved bit value to signal that the selected signal resource 415 is not paired with a corresponding interference resource 415. In some cases, the UE 115-b may refrain from including interference-based channel metrics for this selected signal resource 415 in the report 420.

In some cases, the network entity 105-c may configure (e.g., indicate in a configuration message or signaling) the contents 440 of the report 420. For example, the network entity 105-c may configure the contents 440 via a report setting (e.g., a CSI report setting) . A report setting associated with a request for the report 420 may indicate the resource sets, the resource pairs 430, the one or more channel metrics 435, other information as describe herein, or any configuration thereof for inclusion in the contents 440 of the report 420. Additionally, or alternatively, some or all of the information for inclusion in the contents 440 of the report 420 may be configured by a report setting (e.g., a CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo) associated with an aperiodic (AP) report setting (e.g., AP CSI report setting) or indicated by a MAC-CE activating a semi-persistent (SP) report (e.g., an SP CSI report) . Additionally, or alternatively, some or all of the information for inclusion in the contents 440 of the report 420 may be predefined (e.g., predefined at the UE 115-b) .

In some examples, the network entity 105-c may configure the contents 440 of the report 420 to indicate the resource pairs 430 (e.g., the selected pairs of signal and interference resources) . Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105-c may configure the contents 440 to include channel metrics (e.g., L1-RSRPs, L1-SINRs) associated with the resources 415 of the resource set 425-a, the resource set 425-b, or both. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105-c may configure the contents 440 to include channel metrics of resources 415 or resource pairs 430 that satisfy (e.g., are greater than) a channel metric value threshold, or to include a threshold quantity, N, channel metrics (e.g., the N highest channel metrics, the N strongest channel metrics, or some other N channel metrics) associated with the resources 415 or the resource pairs 430, where N may be predefined or included in a report setting.

As another example, the network entity 105-c may configure the contents 440 to include spatial beam predictions, temporal beam predictions, or both, as described herein. In some cases (e.g., if temporal prediction is considered by the UE 115-b) , the network entity 105-c may configure the contents 440 to indicate one or more future time-domain occasions associated with the one or more resource pairs 430 (e.g., predicted resource pairs) . In some cases (e.g., if spatial prediction is considered) , the network entity 105-c may configure the contents 440 to include one or more other measurement resources associated with identifying the prediction results.

As yet another example, the network entity 105-c may configure the contents 440 to include information associated with the channel metrics or the one or more selection parameters. For example, the network entity 105-c may configure the contents 440 to include a quantization steps-size, a quantization range, or both associated with reporting one or more channel metrics (e.g., using differential values) , as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105-c may configure the contents 440 to include a threshold strength difference, a threshold strength value, or some combination of these or other selection parameters for selecting the resource pairs 430, as described herein.

The UE 115-b may transmit the report 420 to the network entity 105-c. In some cases, the UE 115-b may transmit the report 420 according to a periodicity or a schedule. In some other cases, the UE 115-b may transmit the report 420 according to a trigger or on-demand (e.g., support dynamic signaling of the report 420) . The network entity 105-c (or another network entity 105) and the UE 115-b may communicate based on interference-based channel information indicated in the report 420. For example, in some cases, the network entity 105-c, the UE 115-b, or both may select one or more beams 405 (e.g., downlink transmit beams, downlink receive beams, uplink transmit beams, uplink receive beams, sidelink beams) for communication based on the report 420.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a prediction scheme 500 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, aspects of FIG. 5 may implement or be implemented by aspects of FIGs. 1 through 4. For example, FIG. 5 shows network entities 105 (e.g., a network entity 105-d and a network entity 105-e) , which may be examples of network entities 105 as described herein with respect to FIGs. 1 through 4. Additionally, FIG. 5 shows resource sets 510 (e.g., a resource set 510-a and a resource set 510-b) and resources 515 (e.g., a resource 515-a and a resource 515-b) , which may be examples of the resource set 410 and resources 415, respectively, as described herein with respect to FIG. 4. The network entity 105-d and the network entity 105-e may support temporal beam prediction, spatial beam prediction, or both at a UE 115 (not shown) .

The prediction scheme 500 may include one or more of a temporal prediction 525 (e.g., a temporal beam prediction) and a spatial prediction 520 (e.g., a spatial beam prediction) . In some cases, the prediction scheme 500 may include a joint spatial and temporal prediction scheme 505. A UE 115 (e.g., the UE 115-b as described herein with respect to FIG. 4) may determine one or more of the temporal prediction 525 and the spatial prediction 520 as part of the joint spatial and temporal prediction scheme 505. In some cases, the UE 115 may determine one or more of the spatial prediction 520 and the temporal prediction 525 based on an AI or ML model. In some cases, the network entity 105-d and the network entity 105-e may be the same or different network entities 105.

A UE 115 may transmit a report (e.g., such as the report 420 as described herein with respect to FIG. 4) including or based on one or more measurements or predictions. For example, as described herein, the UE 115 may determine contents (e.g., the contents 440 as described herein with respect to FIG. 4) of the report based on one or more channel measurements of resources 515. The UE 115 may report direct measurements of actual resources 515 (e.g., measurements of signaling, such as SSBs, CSI-RSs, or other signaling, transmitted via the resources 515) , predicted measurements of virtual resources 515, or some combination thereof. For example, according to techniques described herein, the UE 115 may select one or more resources 515 from the resource set 510-b for inclusion in a set of signal resources (e.g., such as the resource set 425-a as described herein with respect to FIG. 4) , and one or more resources 515 of the resource set 510-b for inclusion in a set of corresponding interference resources (e.g., such as the resources set 425-b as described herein with respect to FIG. 4) . In some cases, the resources 515 of the resource set 510-a, the resource set 510-b, or both may be virtual resources.

In some cases (e.g., if the UE 115 performs temporal beam prediction) , the contents of the report may be associated with one or more temporal predictions 525. For example, at a first time domain occasion 530, the UE 115 may measure a resource of the resource set 510-b (e.g., a first time and frequency resource) . The UE 115 may predict one or more channel metrics for a future time domain occasion based on one or more measurements at the first time domain occasion 530. For example, the UE 115 may receive a signal at the first time domain occasion 530 via a first communication beam (e.g., a first downlink transmit beam, a first downlink receive beam, or a first downlink beam pair) and may predict one or more channel metrics for the same communication beam at a subsequent time occasion (e.g., corresponding to the temporal prediction 525) . In some cases, the prediction may be based on an AI or ML model. For example, the UE 115 may input a measured channel metric and timing information into a trained model (e.g., a neural network or other model) , and the model may output a predicted channel metric for a future time occasion. The UE 115 may transmit a report including, or based on, the predicted channel metric. For example, the contents of the report may include an indication of one or more temporal predictions 525.

Additionally, or alternatively (e.g., if the UE 115 performs spatial beam prediction) , the contents of the report may be associated with one or more spatial predictions 520. A spatial prediction 520 may use one or more channel metrics for a first beam 535-a to predict one or more channel metrics for a second, different beam 535-b. For example, the UE 115 may measure signaling transmitted via a resource 515 (e.g., the resource 515-a) of the resource set 510-a, where the resource 515-a of the resource set 510-a may correspond to the first beam 535-a (e.g., the signaling may be transmitted via the first beam 535-a) . The beam 535-a may be associated with one or more first spatial transmission filters that may be different than one or more second spatial transmission filters associated with the second beam 535-b. To support the spatial prediction 520, the UE 115 may predict one or more channel metrics for the second beam 535-b (e.g., corresponding to the resource 515-b of the resource set 510-b) based on the measured one or more channel metrics for the first beam 535-a (e.g., corresponding to the resource 515-a of the resource set 510-a) . In some cases, the prediction may be based on an AI or ML model. For example, the UE 115 may input a measured channel metric and spatial information corresponding to the first beam 535-a into a trained model (e.g., a neural network or other model) , and the model may output a predicted channel metric for the second beam 535-b corresponding to different spatial information. In some cases, the second beam 535-b may be relatively narrower than the first beam 535-a, relatively wider than the first beam 535-a, corresponding to a different direction than the first beam 535-a, or some combination thereof.

In some cases, the contents of the report may include information relating to both a spatial prediction 520 and a temporal prediction 525 according to the joint spatial and temporal prediction scheme 505. For example, the contents of the report may include a temporal prediction 525 corresponding to a first resource 515 and a spatial prediction 520 corresponding to a second resource 515. In another example, the contents of the report may include a temporal prediction 525 and a spatial prediction 520 for a resource 515. In yet another example, the contents of the report may include a temporal prediction 525 of a spatial prediction 520, or vice versa, such that the prediction is based on measurements of a different resource 515 in both the time and spatial domain.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a process flow 600 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, aspects of FIG. 6 may implement or be implemented by aspects of FIGs. 1 through 5. For example, FIG. 6 shows a network entity 105-f and a UE 115-c, which may be examples of the network entities 105 and a UE 115, respectively, as described herein with respect to FIGs. 1 through 5. The UE 115-c may perform interference-based measurements and report channel information (e.g., CSI) to the network entity 105-f based on a CRM set (e.g., a single CMR set) .

In the following description of the process flow 600, the operations may be performed in a different order than the order shown, or other operations may be added or removed from the process flow 600. For example, some operations may be left out of process flow 600, may be performed in different orders or at different times, or other operations may be added to process flow 600. Although the UE 115-c and the network entity 105-f are shown performing the operations of the process flow 600, some aspects of some operations may also be performed by one or more other wireless devices or network devices.

At 605, the network entity 105-f may transmit a report configuration to the UE 115-c. As described herein, the report configuration may configure aspects of channel measurement reporting by the UE 115-c. For example, the reporting configuration may configure a content of a report (e.g., such as the contents 440 of the report 420 as described herein with respect to FIG. 4) to be transmitted to the network entity 105-f by the UE 115-c. In some cases, the configured report may be a CSI report, a MAC-CE, an RRC message, or a user-plane data message. In some cases, the report configuration may be an example or component of an RRC message, a MAC-CE, a downlink control information (DCI) message, or some combination thereof.

At 610, the network entity 105-f may transmit a report request to the UE 115-c. In some cases, the report request may request the report (e.g., such as the report 420 as described herein with respect to FIG. 4) which may be configured, at least in part, by the report configuration. In some cases, the report configuration may be included in the report request. Additionally, or alternatively, the report configuration or the report request may indicate one or more resources of a set of resources (e.g., such as the resources 415 of the resource set 410 as described herein with respect to FIG. 4) , where the resources of the set of resources may be of one CMR set or more than one CMR set (e.g., and not from an IMR set) . That is, the network entity 105-f may indicate a CMR set to the UE 115-c for the UE 115-c to use for channel and interference measurements. The report request may request a single report transmission or multiple report transmissions (e.g., based on a reporting periodicity, semi-persistent reporting, one or more report triggers, or any combination thereof) .

At 615, and as described herein with respect to FIG. 4, the UE 115-c may select one or more resources from the set of resources (e.g., the CMR set) to be associated with channel measurement. For example, the UE 115-c may select one or more resources of the set of resources for inclusion in a signal resource set (e.g., such as the resource set 425-a as described herein with respect to FIG. 4) , where each resource of the signal resource set may be different from each other resource of the signal resource set. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-c may select, for a first resource of the signal resource set, a corresponding second resource of the resource set (e.g., the CMR set) for inclusion in an interference resource set (e.g., such as the resource set 425-b as described herein with respect to FIG. 4) .

The first resource and the second resource may form a resource pair (e.g., such as the resource pairs 430 as described herein with respect to FIG. 4) . The first resource and the second resource may be different resources of the resource set (e.g., the single CMR set) . In some cases, the UE 115-c may select the resources based on one or more selection parameters (e.g., indicated to the UE 115-c or configured at the UE 115-c) .

At 620, and as described herein, the UE 115-c may obtain one or more channel metrics associated with the resources in the signal resource set, the resources in the interference resource set, the resource pairs, or any combination thereof. For example, the UE 115-c may perform channel measurement to determine one or more RSRPs (e.g., L1-RSRPs) , CQIs, SINRs (e.g., L1-SINRS) , or any combination thereof associated with the selected resources. In some cases, the UE 115-c may perform one or more predictions, including temporal predictions (e.g., temporal beam predictions) , spatial predictions (e.g., spatial beam predictions) , or both, where the predictions may be based on the signal resource set, the interference resource set, another resource set, or any combination thereof.

At 625, the UE 115-c may transmit the report including the contents based on the selected resources. For example, the contents may be generated by the UE 115-c according to the report configuration received at 605, the report request received at 610, or both. As examples, the report contents may indicate one or more resources of the signal resource set, one or more resources of the interference resource set, one or more resource pairs, one or more channel metrics associated with the signal resource set and the interference resource set, other channel measurement information, or any combination thereof.

In some cases, the contents of the report may be altered according to schemes or configurations indicated by the report configuration, the report request, preconfigured configurations, or any combination thereof. For example, the contents of the report may follow one or more schemes to reduce the signaling overhead associated with the report.

FIG. 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a device 705 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may include a receiver 710, a transmitter 715, and a communications manager 720. The device 705, or one or more components of the device 705 (e.g., the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, and the communications manager 720) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .

The receiver 710 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to interference-based reporting using a CMR set) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 705. The receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

The transmitter 715 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 705. For example, the transmitter 715 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to interference-based reporting using a CMR set) . In some examples, the transmitter 715 may be co-located with a receiver 710 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 715 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

The communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of interference-based reporting using a CMR set as described herein. For example, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.

In some examples, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , a central processing unit (CPU) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .

Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .

In some examples, the communications manager 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both. For example, the communications manager 720 may receive information from the receiver 710, send information to the transmitter 715, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving signaling indicating a set of multiple resources associated with a single CMR set, the set of multiple resources including one or more SSB resources, one or more NZP-CSI-RS resources, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting, for a first resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the set of multiple resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a report based on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.

By including or configuring the communications manager 720 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 705 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, the communications manager 720, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for more efficient utilization of communication resources. For example, the techniques described herein may support a processor improving a processing overhead associated with interference-based reporting. For example, based on dynamically determining signal and interference resource pairs from a CMR set, the device 705 may reduce a quantity of measurements performed on resources for reporting (e.g., for CSI reporting) . Additionally, or alternatively, the device 705 may reduce the processing overhead associated with channel measurements based on selecting a same interference resource for multiple signal and interference resource pairs, reduce the processing overhead associated with report generation based on using one or more parameters to select resources for signal and interference resource pairs, or both. The processor may improve a processing overhead and reduce a quantity of processing resources used for interference-based reporting in accordance with the techniques described herein.

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a device 705 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. The device 805, or one of more components of the device 805 (e.g., the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, and the communications manager 820) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .

The receiver 810 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to interference-based reporting using a CMR set) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

The transmitter 815 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to interference-based reporting using a CMR set) . In some examples, the transmitter 815 may be co-located with a receiver 810 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

The device 805, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of interference-based reporting using a CMR set as described herein. For example, the communications manager 820 may include a resource communication component 825, a resource selection component 830, a report communication component 835, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 820 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 720 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 820, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both. For example, the communications manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, send information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The resource communication component 825 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving signaling indicating a set of multiple resources associated with a CMR set (e.g., a single CMR set or multiple CMR sets) , the set of multiple resources including one or more SSB resources, one or more NZP-CSI-RS resources, or any combination thereof. The resource selection component 830 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting, for a first resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the set of multiple resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource. The report communication component 835 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a report based on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.

FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a communications manager 920 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 920 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 720, a communications manager 820, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 920, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of interference-based reporting using a CMR set as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920 may include a resource communication component 925, a resource selection component 930, a report communication component 935, a selection parameter component 940, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .

The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The resource communication component 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving signaling indicating a set of multiple resources associated with a single CMR set, the set of multiple resources including one or more SSB resources, one or more NZP-CSI-RS resources, or any combination thereof. The resource selection component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting, for a first resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the set of multiple resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource. The report communication component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a report based on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.

In some examples, the resource selection component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting a first set of resources, from the set of multiple resources, for channel measurement, the first set of resources including the first resource, where the report is based on measurements associated with the first set of resources. In some examples, the resource selection component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting, for at least two resources of the first set of resources for channel measurement, a same resource for interference measurement.

In some examples, the first measurement, the second measurement, or both correspond to a first time domain occasion. In some examples, to support transmitting the report, the report communication component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the report including a predicted channel metric for a beam corresponding to a second time domain occasion subsequent to the first time domain occasion.

In some examples, the first measurement, the second measurement, or both correspond to a first beam (e.g., a first communication beam) . In some examples, to support transmitting the report, the report communication component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the report including a predicted channel metric for a second beam different from the first beam, where the first beam is associated with at least a first spatial filter that is different from a second spatial filter associated with the second beam.

In some examples, to support transmitting the report, the report communication component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the report including a first value indicating a first channel metric for the first resource and a second value indicating a second channel metric for the second resource, where the second value includes a differential value relative to the first value. In some examples, to support transmitting the report, the report communication component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the report indicating a first ranking of a first resource pair including the first resource and the second resource relative to a second ranking of a second resource pair, the first ranking and the second ranking based on the channel metric, a preference of the UE, or both. In some examples, the report includes a CSI report. In some other examples, the report includes a MAC-CE report, an RRC message, or a user-plane data message.

In some examples, to support selecting the second resource for interference measurement, the resource selection component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting the second resource for interference measurement based on one or more selection parameters. In some examples, the selection parameter component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a network entity, an indication of the one or more selection parameters. In some examples, the one or more selection parameters include a threshold strength difference between a first channel metric for the first resource and a second channel metric for the second resource, a threshold strength value for the channel metric associated with the signal component and the interference component, or both. In some examples, the selection parameter component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining, for a third resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a failure to satisfy the one or more selection parameters, where the report includes one or more reserved bits indicating that the third resource is unpaired with an interference resource based on the determined failure to satisfy the one or more selection parameters.

In some examples, the report communication component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a configuration message indicating content to include in the report, where transmitting the report is based on the configuration message. In some examples, the configuration message includes a CSI report setting associated with periodic transmission of the report, a MAC-CE activating semi-persistent transmission of the report, or CSI associated report configuration information associated with aperiodic transmission of the report. In some examples, the indicated content includes a resource pair including the first resource and the second resource, a first channel metric for the first resource, a second channel metric for the second resource, the channel metric associated with the signal component and the interference component, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the configuration message indicates one or more future time domain occasions associated with prediction-based beam reporting, a second set of multiple resources associated with prediction-based measurements for the report, quantization information associated with reporting one or more values of the report, or any combination thereof.

FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a system 1000 including a device 1005 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1005 may be an example of or include the components of a device 705, a device 805, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 1005 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The device 1005 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 1020, an input/output (I/O) controller 1010, a transceiver 1015, an antenna 1025, at least one memory 1030, code 1035, and at least one processor 1040. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1045) .

The I/O controller 1010 may manage input and output signals for the device 1005. The I/O controller 1010 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 1005. In some cases, the I/O controller 1010 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I/O controller 1010 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I/O controller 1010 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I/O controller 1010 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 1040. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1005 via the I/O controller 1010 or via hardware components controlled by the I/O controller 1010.

In some cases, the device 1005 may include a single antenna 1025. However, in some other cases, the device 1005 may have more than one antenna 1025, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1015 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 1025, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1015 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1015 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1025 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1025. The transceiver 1015, or the transceiver 1015 and one or more antennas 1025, may be an example of a transmitter 715, a transmitter 815, a receiver 710, a receiver 810, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.

The at least one memory 1030 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The at least one memory 1030 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1035 including instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 1040, cause the device 1005 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1035 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1035 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 1040 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1030 may include, among other things, a basic I/O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

The at least one processor 1040 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 1040 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 1040. The at least one processor 1040 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 1030) to cause the device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting interference-based reporting using a CMR set) . For example, the device 1005 or a component of the device 1005 may include at least one processor 1040 and at least one memory 1030 coupled with or to the at least one processor 1040, the at least one processor 1040 and at least one memory 1030 configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1040 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1030 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1040 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1040) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1030) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. As such, the at least one processor 1040 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1040 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1005 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 1030 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving signaling indicating a set of multiple resources associated with a single CMR set, the set of multiple resources including one or more SSB resources, one or more NZP-CSI-RS resources, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting, for a first resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the set of multiple resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource. The communications manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a report based on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.

By including or configuring the communications manager 1020 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1005 may support techniques for reduced latency and efficient utilization of communication resources. For example, the techniques described herein may support the device 1005 (e.g., a UE 115) selecting resources for channel and interference measurement from a single CMR set (e.g., without receiving an indication of CMR-IMR pairs to use for channel measurements) . Such techniques may improve channel overhead (e.g., reducing signaling relating to CMR-IMR pairs) and UE flexibility in determining resources to measure and report. In some examples, the device 1005 (e.g., the UE 115) may improve the latency of determining a beam pair for communication based on selecting the channel and interference resource pairs from the single CMR set.

In some examples, the communications manager 1020 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1015, the one or more antennas 1025, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1020 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1020 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 1040, the at least one memory 1030, the code 1035, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1035 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 1040 to cause the device 1005 to perform various aspects of interference-based reporting using a CMR set as described herein, or the at least one processor 1040 and the at least one memory 1030 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.

FIG. 11 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1100 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1100 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1100 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 10. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

At 1105, the method may include receiving signaling indicating a set of multiple resources associated with a single CMR set, the set of multiple resources including one or more SSB resources, one or more NZP-CSI-RS resources, or any combination thereof. The operations of block 1105 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1105 may be performed by a resource communication component 925 as described with reference to FIG. 9.

At 1110, the method may include selecting, for a first resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the set of multiple resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource. The operations of block 1110 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1110 may be performed by a resource selection component 930 as described with reference to FIG. 9.

At 1115, the method may include transmitting a report based at least in part on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric. The operations of block 1115 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1115 may be performed by a report communication component 935 as described with reference to FIG. 9.

FIG. 12 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1200 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1200 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 10. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

At 1205, the method may include receiving signaling indicating a set of multiple resources associated with a single CMR set, the set of multiple resources including one or more SSB resources, one or more NZP-CSI-RS resources, or any combination thereof. The operations of block 1205 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1205 may be performed by a resource communication component 925 as described with reference to FIG. 9.

At 1210, the method may include selecting a first set of resources, from the set of multiple resources, for channel measurement. The operations of block 1210 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by a resource selection component 930 as described with reference to FIG. 9.

At 1215, the method may include selecting, for a first resource of the first set of resources, a second resource, from the set of multiple resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource. The operations of block 1215 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1215 may be performed by a resource selection component 930 as described with reference to FIG. 9.

At 1220, the method may include transmitting a report based at least in part on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric, the report based at least in part on measurements associated with the first set of resources. The operations of block 1220 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1220 may be performed by a report communication component 935 as described with reference to FIG. 9.

FIG. 13 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 that supports interference-based reporting using a CMR set in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 10. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

At 1305, the method may include receiving a configuration message indicating content to include in a report. The operations of block 1305 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed by a report communication component 935 as described with reference to FIG. 9.

At 1310, the method may include receiving signaling indicating a set of multiple resources associated with a single CMR set, the set of multiple resources including one or more SSB resources, one or more NZP-CSI-RS resources, or any combination thereof. The operations of block 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a resource communication component 925 as described with reference to FIG. 9.

At 1315, the method may include selecting, for a first resource of the set of multiple resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the set of multiple resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource. The operations of block 1315 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed by a resource selection component 930 as described with reference to FIG. 9.

At 1320, the method may include transmitting the report based at least in part on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric, a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric, and the configuration message. The operations of block 1320 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed by a report communication component 935 as described with reference to FIG. 9.

The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:

Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications at a UE, comprising: receiving signaling indicating a plurality of resources associated with a single CMR set, the plurality of resources comprising one or more SSB resources, one or more NZP CSI-RS resources, or any combination thereof; selecting, for a first resource of the plurality of resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the plurality of resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource; and transmitting a report based at least in part on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.

Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: selecting a first set of resources, from the plurality of resources, for channel measurement, the first set of resources comprising the first resource, wherein the report is based at least in part on measurements associated with the first set of resources.

Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, further comprising: selecting, for at least two resources of the first set of resources for channel measurement, a same resource for interference measurement.

Aspect 4: The method of any of aspects 1 through 3, wherein the first measurement, the second measurement, or both correspond to a first time domain occasion, and wherein transmitting the report comprises: transmitting the report comprising a predicted channel metric for a beam corresponding to a second time domain occasion subsequent to the first time domain occasion.

Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1 through 4, wherein the first measurement, the second measurement, or both correspond to a first beam, and wherein transmitting the report comprises: transmitting the report comprising a predicted channel metric for a second beam different from the first beam, wherein the first beam is associated with at least a first spatial filter that is different from a second spatial filter associated with the second beam.

Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1 through 5, wherein transmitting the report comprises: transmitting the report comprising a first value indicating a first channel metric for the first resource and a second value indicating a second channel metric for the second resource, wherein the second value comprises a differential value relative to the first value.

Aspect 7: The method of any of aspects 1 through 6, wherein transmitting the report comprises: transmitting the report indicating a first ranking of a first resource pair comprising the first resource and the second resource relative to a second ranking of a second resource pair, the first ranking and the second ranking based at least in part on the channel metric, a preference of the UE, or both.

Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 1 through 7, wherein the report comprises a CSI report.

Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 7, wherein the report comprises a MAC-CE report, an RRC message, or a user-plane data message.

Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 1 through 9, wherein selecting the second resource for interference measurement comprises: selecting the second resource for interference measurement based at least in part on one or more selection parameters.

Aspect 11: The method of aspect 10, further comprising: receiving, from a network entity, an indication of the one or more selection parameters.

Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 10 through 11, wherein the one or more selection parameters comprise a threshold strength difference between a first channel metric for the first resource and a second channel metric for the second resource, a threshold strength value for the channel metric associated with the signal component and the interference component, or both.

Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 10 through 12, further comprising: determining, for a third resource of the plurality of resources selected for channel measurement, a failure to satisfy the one or more selection parameters, wherein the report comprises one or more reserved bits indicating that the third resource is unpaired with an interference resource based at least in part on the determined failure to satisfy the one or more selection parameters.

Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 1 through 13, further comprising: receiving a configuration message indicating content to include in the report, wherein transmitting the report is based at least in part on the configuration message.

Aspect 15: The method of aspect 14, wherein the configuration message comprises a CSI report setting associated with periodic transmission of the report, a MAC-CE activating semi-persistent transmission of the report, or CSI associated report configuration information associated with aperiodic transmission of the report.

Aspect 16: The method of any of aspects 14 through 15, wherein the indicated content comprises a resource pair comprising the first resource and the second resource, a first channel metric for the first resource, a second channel metric for the second resource, the channel metric associated with the signal component and the interference component, or any combination thereof.

Aspect 17: The method of any of aspects 14 through 16, wherein the configuration message indicates one or more future time domain occasions associated with prediction-based beam reporting, a second plurality of resources associated with prediction-based measurements for the report, quantization information associated with reporting one or more values of the report, or any combination thereof.

Aspect 18: A UE, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor, with instructions stored in the at least one memory, the instructions being executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 17.

Aspect 19: A UE for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 17.

Aspect 20: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 17.

It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) . Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.

The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.

Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.

As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ”

As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “acomponent” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components, ” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ”

The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database or another data structure) , ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.

In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label, or other subsequent reference label.

The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration, ” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

A user equipment (UE) , comprising:

at least one processor; and

at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor, with instructions stored in the at least one memory, the instructions being executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to:

receive signaling indicating a plurality of resources associated with a single channel measurement resource set, the plurality of resources comprising one or more synchronization signal block resources, one or more non-zero-power channel state information reference signal resources, or any combination thereof;

select, for a first resource of the plurality of resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the plurality of resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource; and

transmit a report based at least in part on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.
The UE of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to:

select a first set of resources, from the plurality of resources, for channel measurement, the first set of resources comprising the first resource, wherein the report is based at least in part on measurements associated with the first set of resources.
The UE of claim 2, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to:

select, for at least two resources of the first set of resources for channel measurement, a same resource for interference measurement.
The UE of claim 1, wherein the first measurement, the second measurement, or both correspond to a first time domain occasion, and wherein the instructions to transmit the report are executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to:

transmit the report comprising a predicted channel metric for a beam corresponding to a second time domain occasion subsequent to the first time domain occasion.
The UE of claim 1, wherein the first measurement, the second measurement, or both correspond to a first beam, and wherein the instructions to transmit the report are executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to:

transmit the report comprising a predicted channel metric for a second beam different from the first beam, wherein the first beam is associated with at least a first spatial filter that is different from a second spatial filter associated with the second beam.
The UE of claim 1, wherein the instructions to transmit the report are executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to:

transmit the report comprising a first value indicating a first channel metric for the first resource and a second value indicating a second channel metric for the second resource, wherein the second value comprises a differential value relative to the first value.
The UE of claim 1, wherein the instructions to transmit the report are executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to:

transmit the report indicating a first ranking of a first resource pair comprising the first resource and the second resource relative to a second ranking of a second resource pair, the first ranking and the second ranking based at least in part on the channel metric, a preference of the UE, or both.
The UE of claim 1, wherein the report comprises a channel state information report.
The UE of claim 1, wherein the report comprises a medium access control-control element report, a radio resource control message, or a user-plane data message.
The UE of claim 1, wherein the instructions to select the second resource for interference measurement are executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to:

select the second resource for interference measurement based at least in part on one or more selection parameters.
The UE of claim 10, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to:

receive, from a network entity, an indication of the one or more selection parameters.
The UE of claim 10, wherein the one or more selection parameters comprise a threshold strength difference between a first channel metric for the first resource and a second channel metric for the second resource, a threshold strength value for the channel metric associated with the signal component and the interference component, or both.
The UE of claim 10, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to:

determine, for a third resource of the plurality of resources selected for channel measurement, a failure to satisfy the one or more selection parameters, wherein the report comprises one or more reserved bits indicating that the third resource is unpaired with an interference resource based at least in part on the determined failure to satisfy the one or more selection parameters.
The UE of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, to cause the UE to:

receive a configuration message indicating content to include in the report, wherein transmitting the report is based at least in part on the configuration message.
The UE of claim 14, wherein the configuration message comprises a channel state information report setting associated with periodic transmission of the report, a medium access control-control element activating semi-persistent transmission of the report, or channel state information associated report configuration information associated with aperiodic transmission of the report.
The UE of claim 14, wherein the indicated content comprises a resource pair comprising the first resource and the second resource, a first channel metric for the first resource, a second channel metric for the second resource, the channel metric associated with the signal component and the interference component, or any combination thereof.
The UE of claim 14, wherein the configuration message indicates one or more future time domain occasions associated with prediction-based beam reporting, a second plurality of resources associated with prediction-based measurements for the report, quantization information associated with reporting one or more values of the report, or any combination thereof.
A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:

receiving signaling indicating a plurality of resources associated with a single channel measurement resource set, the plurality of resources comprising one or more synchronization signal block resources, one or more non-zero-power channel state information reference signal resources, or any combination thereof;

selecting, for a first resource of the plurality of resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the plurality of resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource; and

transmitting a report based at least in part on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.
The method of claim 18, further comprising:

selecting a first set of resources, from the plurality of resources, for channel measurement, the first set of resources comprising the first resource, wherein the report is based at least in part on measurements associated with the first set of resources.
A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to:

receive signaling indicating a plurality of resources associated with a single channel measurement resource set, the plurality of resources comprising one or more synchronization signal block resources, one or more non-zero-power channel state information reference signal resources, or any combination thereof;

select, for a first resource of the plurality of resources selected for channel measurement, a second resource, from the plurality of resources, for interference measurement, the first resource being different from the second resource; and

transmit a report based at least in part on a first measurement of the first resource corresponding to a signal component of a channel metric and a second measurement of the second resource corresponding to an interference component of the channel metric.