[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2025044995A1 - 通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

通信方法及装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2025044995A1
WO2025044995A1 PCT/CN2024/114611 CN2024114611W WO2025044995A1 WO 2025044995 A1 WO2025044995 A1 WO 2025044995A1 CN 2024114611 W CN2024114611 W CN 2024114611W WO 2025044995 A1 WO2025044995 A1 WO 2025044995A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
indication information
subfield
network device
mode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/114611
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵悦
淦明
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025044995A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025044995A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/04—Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/382—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels for resource allocation, admission control or handover

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • a network device and a terminal device communicate, it is necessary to detect the channel status of the channel.
  • the channel status is idle, the channel can be occupied for communication.
  • the problem of hidden nodes may cause communication failure between network devices and terminal devices.
  • the terminal device is within the coverage of two network devices (i.e., network device 1 and network device 2), and the distance between the two network devices is relatively far or there is an obstacle between the two network devices, when network device 1 detects that the channel state of the first channel is idle, it can occupy the first channel to communicate with the terminal device; because the distance between network device 1 and network device 2 is relatively far or there is an obstacle between network device 1 and network device 2, network device 2 may not be able to detect that network device 1 is occupying the first channel; network device 2 will occupy the first channel to communicate with the terminal device when it detects that the channel state of the first channel is idle, resulting in network device 1 and network device 2 occupying the first channel at the same time to send messages, causing a collision of messages, and the terminal device cannot correctly receive the message from network device 1, resulting in communication failure.
  • network device 1 is a hidden node for network device 2.
  • network device 1 is a hidden node for
  • the present application provides a communication method and apparatus, which can avoid the problem of inconsistent understanding of channel status between network devices and terminal devices due to hidden nodes, reduce the negative impact of hidden nodes, and improve the reliability of communication.
  • the network device can be an access point (AP), and the terminal device can be a non-AP station (non-AP STA).
  • AP access point
  • non-AP STA non-AP station
  • a communication method is provided, which can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component of the terminal device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the terminal device, or by a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the terminal device.
  • the following takes the method executed by a terminal device as an example, and the method includes: the terminal device receives a first indication message from a network device; when it is determined that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle based on the received first indication message, a confirmation message corresponding to the first indication message is sent to the network device; or, when it is determined that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is busy based on the received first indication message, the channel is switched to a second channel at a first preset time point.
  • the first indication message is used to indicate that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle.
  • the second channel is the first channel; when the number of retransmissions of the channel availability test of the first channel occupied by the terminal device has reached the upper limit, but there are still preset anchor channels that have not been tested, the second channel is the next preset anchor channel; when the number of retransmissions of the channel availability test of the first channel occupied by the terminal device has reached the upper limit and all preset anchor channels have been tested, the second channel is the main channel.
  • the terminal device can determine that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle according to the first indication information; when it is determined that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle, the terminal device can send confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information to the network device, so that the network device determines that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle, and then the network device can communicate with the terminal device on the first channel, avoiding the problem of inconsistent understanding of the channel state between the network device and the terminal device due to hidden nodes, which can reduce the negative impact of hidden nodes and ensure the reliability of communication; when it is determined that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is busy, the terminal device can switch to the second channel at a first preset time point, and the network device can also switch to the second channel at the first preset time point simultaneously with the terminal device without receiving the confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information.
  • the network device and the terminal device can test whether they can communicate through the first channel. If both the network device and the terminal device determine that the channel state of the first channel is idle, they can communicate through the first channel. Otherwise, they both switch to the second channel and continue to test whether they can communicate through the second channel. This avoids the problem of inconsistent understanding of the channel state by the network device and the terminal device due to hidden nodes, reduces the negative impact of hidden nodes, and improves communication reliability.
  • the terminal device determines a second preset time length; and completes receiving the first indication information from the network device within the second preset time length.
  • the terminal device determines the second preset time length, the terminal device does not need to wait for receiving the first indication information outside the second preset time length, which can reduce communication overhead and improve the efficiency of information interaction between the terminal device and the network device.
  • a communication method which can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component of the terminal device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the terminal device, or by a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the terminal device.
  • the following takes the method executed by the terminal device as an example, and the method includes: the terminal device determines a second preset duration; if the first indication information from the network device is not received within the second preset duration, the channel is switched to the second channel at a first preset time point; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle.
  • the second channel is the first channel; when the number of retransmissions of the channel availability test of the first channel occupied by the terminal device has reached the upper limit, but there are still preset anchor channels that have not been tested, the second channel is the next preset anchor channel; when the number of retransmissions of the channel availability test of the first channel occupied by the terminal device has reached the upper limit, and all preset anchor channels have been tested, the second channel is the main channel.
  • the network device and the terminal device can test whether they can communicate through the first channel. If the terminal device does not receive the first indication information within the second preset time, it can be determined that the channel status of the first channel occupied by the network device is busy; at the same time, the terminal device switches the channel to the second channel at the first preset time point, which can ensure that it switches to the second channel at the same time as the network device, and then the network device and the terminal device can continue to test whether they can communicate through the second channel. This avoids the problem of inconsistent understanding of the channel status between the network device and the terminal device due to hidden nodes, reduces the negative impact of hidden nodes, and improves communication reliability.
  • the terminal device receives second indication information from the network device; according to parameters associated with a survival monitoring (SM) mode, the terminal device periodically performs channel availability detection to determine the channel state of a first channel occupied by the terminal network device.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate initiating entry into the SM mode or initiating updating of parameters associated with the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of a channel; and the second indication information includes parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • SM survival monitoring
  • the terminal device can enter the SM mode according to the second indication information, and periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, thereby providing a feasible solution for the terminal device to perform channel availability detection.
  • the terminal device sends a third indication information to the network device according to the second indication information; the parameters associated with the SM mode take effect on the terminal device.
  • the third indication information is used to indicate the consent to the parameters associated with the SM mode; the time when the parameters associated with the SM mode take effect on the terminal device is the time when the terminal device completes the reception of the confirmation information corresponding to the third indication information.
  • the terminal device may send third indication information to the network device so that the network device determines that the terminal device agrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode of the second indication information.
  • the terminal device sends third indication information to the network device according to the second indication information; the parameters associated with the SM mode are not effective in the terminal device.
  • the second indication information includes the parameters associated with the SM mode; the third indication information is used to indicate that the parameters associated with the SM mode are not agreed.
  • the terminal device may send third indication information to the network device, so that the network device determines that the terminal device disagrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode of the second indication information.
  • the terminal device sends a second indication information to the network device; based on the parameters associated with the SM mode, the channel availability detection is periodically performed to determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entry into the SM mode or the initiation of an update of parameters associated with the SM mode, and the second indication information includes parameters associated with the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of a channel.
  • the terminal device can send a second indication information to the network device, so that the network device can enter the SM mode according to the second indication information, and periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, providing a feasible solution for the network device to perform channel availability detection; or, update the parameters associated with the SM mode, so that the network device can update the SM mode according to the second indication information, and periodically perform channel availability detection according to the new parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the terminal device receives a third indication information from the network device; the parameters associated with the SM mode take effect on the terminal device.
  • the third indication information is used to indicate the consent of the parameters associated with the SM mode; the time when the parameters associated with the SM mode take effect on the terminal device is the moment when the confirmation information corresponding to the third indication information sent by the terminal device is sent.
  • the terminal device can determine that the network device agrees with the SM mode of the second indication information according to the third indication information.
  • the associated parameters can be determined that the network device agrees with the SM mode of the second indication information according to the third indication information.
  • the terminal device sends a second indication message to the network device; receives a fourth indication message from the network device; periodically performs a channel availability detection based on the parameters associated with the SM mode to determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device; wherein the second indication message is used to indicate the update of the parameters for initiating entry into the SM mode or initiating SM mode association; the second indication message includes the parameters associated with the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of the channel; the fourth indication message is used to indicate the parameters that do not agree with the SM mode association; the fourth indication message includes the new parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the terminal device can send a second indication message to the network device, so that the network device can determine the parameters associated with the SM mode of the terminal device based on the second indication message; when the terminal device does not receive the information sent by the network device agreeing to the parameters associated with the SM mode, the network device can send a fourth indication message to enable the terminal device to determine new parameters associated with the SM mode that can be currently used, thereby providing a feasible solution for the terminal device to perform channel availability detection.
  • the terminal device sends a second indication message to the network device; receives a fourth indication message from the network device; periodically performs a channel availability detection based on parameters associated with the SM mode to determine the channel state of a first channel occupied by the network device; wherein the second indication message is used to indicate the initiation of entry into the SM mode or the initiation of an update of parameters associated with the SM mode; the second indication message does not include parameters associated with the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of a channel; and the fourth indication message includes parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device cannot determine the parameters associated with the SM mode, the terminal device can send a second indication message that does not include the parameters associated with the SM mode to the network device, so that the network device can send a fourth indication message; the terminal device can enter the SM mode according to the fourth indication message, and periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, providing a feasible solution for the terminal device to perform channel availability detection.
  • the terminal device receives fourth indication information from the network device; the terminal device sends third indication information to the network device; and the parameters associated with the SM mode take effect on the terminal device.
  • the fourth indication information includes the parameters associated with the SM mode; the third indication information is used to indicate the consent to the parameters associated with the SM mode; and the time when the parameters associated with the SM mode take effect on the terminal device is the moment when the confirmation information corresponding to the third indication information sent by the terminal device is sent.
  • the terminal device sends the third indication information to the network device, which can enable the network device to determine that the terminal device agrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode of the fourth indication information.
  • the terminal device receives fourth indication information from the network device; the terminal device sends third indication information to the network device; and the parameters associated with the SM mode are not effective in the terminal device.
  • the fourth indication information includes the parameters associated with the SM mode; and the third indication information is used to indicate that the parameters associated with the SM mode are not agreed to.
  • the terminal device sends the third indication information to the network device, which can enable the network device to determine that the terminal device disagrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode of the fourth indication information.
  • the indication information includes a control field
  • the control field includes one or more of the following: a teardown subfield, an initiation subfield, and a success subfield; wherein the teardown subfield is used to indicate whether to exit the SM mode; the initiation subfield is used to indicate whether to initiate entry into the SM mode or initiate an update of parameters associated with the SM mode; and the success subfield is used to indicate whether to agree to the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the removal subfield can indicate whether to exit the SM mode, and can determine whether the indication information is the fifth indication information;
  • the initiation subfield can indicate whether to initiate entry into the SM mode or initiate an update of parameters associated with the SM mode, and can determine whether the indication information is the second indication information;
  • the success subfield is used to indicate whether the parameters associated with the SM mode are agreed to, and can be used together with the removal subfield and the initiation subfield for the third indication information, or the fourth indication information.
  • the second indication information and the fourth indication information also include a non-primary channel selection parameters (NPCS Parameters) field, and the non-primary channel selection parameters field is used to indicate parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • NPCS Parameters non-primary channel selection parameters
  • the main channel selection parameter field can indicate the parameters associated with the SM mode, and the terminal device can periodically detect the channel status of the channel according to the main channel selection parameter field.
  • the non-primary channel selection parameter field includes one or more of the following: a first target survival transmission time (first time survival transmission time, First TSTT) subfield, a timeout (Timeout) subfield, a time interval (Period) subfield, a duration (Duration) subfield, or an anchor channel (Anchor Channels) subfield; wherein the first target survival transmission time subfield is used to indicate the start time of the first channel availability detection; the timeout subfield is used to indicate the network
  • the maximum duration of the duration of the first indication information sent by the network device to the terminal device is the maximum duration of the channel availability detection; the time interval subfield is used to indicate the period of the channel availability detection; the duration subfield is used to indicate the duration of the SM mode starting from the first target survival transmission time subfield;
  • the anchor channel subfield is used to indicate the parameters associated with the preset anchor channel.
  • the terminal device can periodically perform channel availability detection according to the first target survival transmission time subfield and the time interval subfield; the terminal device can determine the time to receive the first indication information according to the timeout subfield, and can also determine whether to switch to the second channel according to the timeout subfield; the terminal device can determine the duration of the SM mode according to the duration subfield, and can also determine whether to send the fifth indication information according to the duration subfield; the terminal device can determine the second channel to be switched to according to the anchor channel subfield, and can switch to the same second channel at the same time as the network device.
  • the Anchor Channels subfield includes one or more of the following: a number of anchor channels (Number Of AnCHs) subfield, a retransmission subfield, a primary channel (Primary) subfield, and one or more preset anchor channel identification information subfields; wherein the anchor channel number subfield is used to indicate the number of preset anchor channels; the retransmission subfield is used to indicate the maximum number of attempts to send or receive first indication information on the same preset anchor channel in a cycle of channel availability detection; the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle; the primary channel subfield is used to indicate the identification information of the primary channel; the identification information subfield of each preset anchor point is used to indicate the identification information of the preset anchor channel.
  • the terminal device can determine the number of preset anchor channels, the number of retransmissions, the identification information of the main channel, the order of multiple preset anchor channels and the identification information of each preset anchor channel according to the anchor channel subfield, and determine the second channel that can be switched.
  • the control field also includes one or more of the following: a first target survival transmission time (Firest TSTT Present) subfield, a timeout (Timeout Present) subfield, a time interval (Period Present) subfield, an anchor channel (Anchor Channels Present) subfield, and a duration (Duration Present) subfield; wherein the first target survival transmission time subfield is used to indicate whether the first target survival transmission time subfield appears; the timeout subfield is used to indicate whether the timeout subfield appears; the time interval subfield is used to indicate whether the time interval subfield appears; the anchor channel subfield is used to indicate whether the anchor channel subfield appears; and the duration subfield is used to indicate whether the duration subfield appears.
  • the terminal device can determine whether the first target survival transmission time subfield, timeout subfield, time interval subfield, duration subfield, or anchor channel field in the non-main channel selection parameter field appears according to the first existence of the target survival transmission time subfield, the existence of the timeout subfield, the existence of the time interval subfield, the existence of the anchor channel subfield, and the existence of the duration subfield in the control field.
  • the terminal device determines the second preset duration and the first preset time point according to the timeout subfield in the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the second preset duration is the sum of the duration carried by the timeout subfield and the duration of the frame in which the first indication information is carried;
  • the first preset time point is the moment when the secondary terminal device needs to jump to the second channel because it fails to complete the reception of the first indication information within the second preset duration.
  • the terminal device can dynamically determine the second preset duration and the first preset time point according to the parameters associated with the SM mode. At the same time, the terminal device can determine different SM mode-associated parameters according to different situations, which can effectively improve the communication performance of the terminal device and the network device.
  • the terminal device sends a fifth indication message to the network device; receives confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication message from the network device; exits the SM mode according to the confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication message; wherein the fifth indication message is used to indicate the exit from the SM mode; the time to exit the SM mode is the completion moment when the terminal device receives the corresponding confirmation information.
  • the terminal device chooses whether to exit the SM mode according to the actual situation. If the terminal device needs to exit the SM mode, it can send a fifth indication message to the network device, so that the network device can determine that the terminal device exits the SM mode based on the fifth indication message; the terminal device receives confirmation information of the fifth indication message, so it can be determined that the network device agrees to exit the SM mode, and the terminal device and the network device can exit the SM mode.
  • the terminal device determines the duration of the SM mode according to parameters associated with the SM mode; and exits the SM mode after the duration.
  • the terminal device exits the SM mode according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, which can reduce the transmission overhead compared to the above-mentioned terminal device sending the fifth indication information.
  • the terminal device receives fifth indication information from the network device; sends confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information from the network device; and exits the SM mode according to the fifth indication information.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the exit from the SM mode; the time of exiting the SM mode is the completion moment of the terminal device sending the corresponding confirmation information.
  • the terminal device receives the fifth indication information from the network device, and can determine that the network device is to exit the SM mode based on the fifth indication information, so that the terminal device and the network device can exit the SM mode.
  • the fifth indication information includes a control field
  • the control field includes one or more of the following: a dismantling subfield, an initiation subfield, or a success subfield; wherein the dismantling subfield is used to indicate whether to exit the SM mode; the initiation subfield is used to indicate whether to initiate entry into the SM mode or initiate an update of parameters associated with the SM mode; the success subfield is used to indicate whether to agree to the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the removal subfield can indicate whether to exit the SM mode, and can determine whether the indication information is the fifth indication information;
  • the initiation subfield can indicate whether to initiate entry into the SM mode or initiate an update of parameters associated with the SM mode, and can determine whether the indication information is the second indication information;
  • the success subfield is used to indicate whether the parameters associated with the SM mode are agreed to, and can be used together with the removal subfield and the initiation subfield for the third indication information, or the fourth indication information.
  • a communication method which can be executed by a network device, or by a component of the network device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the network device, or by a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the network device.
  • the following takes the method executed by the network device as an example, and the method includes: the network device determines the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device; when the channel state is idle, sends a first indication message to the terminal device; receives a confirmation message corresponding to the first indication message from the terminal device; or, at a first preset time point, switches the channel to the second channel.
  • the first indication message is used to indicate that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle.
  • the second channel is the first channel; when the number of retransmissions of the channel availability test of the first channel occupied by the network device has reached the upper limit, but there are still preset anchor channels that have not been tested, the second channel is the next preset anchor channel; when the number of retransmissions of the channel availability test of the first channel occupied by the network device has reached the upper limit, and all preset anchor channels have been tested, the second channel is the main channel.
  • the network device when the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle, the network device sends a first indication message to the terminal device, so that the terminal device can determine that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle based on the first indication message; when the network device receives confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information from the terminal device, the network device can determine that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle, and then the network device can communicate with the terminal device on the first channel, avoiding the problem of inconsistent understanding of the channel state between the network device and the terminal device due to hidden nodes, and ensuring the reliability of communication; when the network device does not receive the confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information from the terminal device, the network device can switch the channel to the second channel at a first preset time point.
  • the network device and the terminal device can test whether they can communicate through the first channel. If both the network device and the terminal device determine that the channel state of the first channel is idle, they can communicate through the first channel. Otherwise, they both switch to the second channel and continue to test whether they can communicate through the second channel. This avoids the problem of inconsistent understanding of the channel state by the network device and the terminal device due to hidden nodes, reduces the negative impact of hidden nodes, and improves communication reliability.
  • the network device determines a second preset time duration; and completes sending the first indication information to the terminal device within the second preset time duration.
  • the network device can complete sending the first indication information to the terminal device within the second preset time length, and the terminal device does not need to wait for receiving the first indication information outside the second preset time length, which can reduce communication overhead and improve the efficiency of information interaction between the terminal device and the network device.
  • a communication method which can be executed by a network device, or by a component of the network device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the network device, or by a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the network device.
  • the following takes the method executed by a network device as an example, and the method includes: the network device determines the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device; determines a second preset duration; when the channel state is busy, at a first preset time point, switches the channel to the second channel.
  • the second channel is the first channel; when the number of retransmissions of the channel availability test of the first channel occupied by the network device has reached the upper limit, but there are still preset anchor channels that have not been tested, the second channel is the next preset anchor channel; when the number of retransmissions of the channel availability test of the first channel occupied by the network device has reached the upper limit, and all preset anchor channels have been tested, the second channel is the main channel.
  • the network device and the terminal device can test whether communication can be performed through the first channel. If the network device does not send the first indication information within the second preset time length, the terminal device can determine the channel status of the first channel occupied by the network device. At the same time, the network device switches the channel to the second channel at the first preset time point, which can ensure that the terminal device and the network device switch to the second channel at the same time, and then the network device and the terminal device can continue to test whether they can communicate through the second channel. This avoids the problem of inconsistent understanding of the channel status by the network device and the terminal device due to hidden nodes, reduces the negative impact of hidden nodes, and improves communication reliability.
  • the network device sends second indication information to the terminal device, and periodically performs channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode to determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entering the SM mode or initiating the update of the parameters associated with the SM mode;
  • the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of the channel; and the second indication information includes the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the network device sends a second indication information to the terminal device, which can enable the terminal device to enter the SM mode according to the second indication information, and periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, thereby providing a feasible solution for the terminal device to perform channel availability detection.
  • the network device receives a third indication message from the terminal device; the parameters associated with the SM mode take effect on the network device.
  • the third indication message is used to respond to the second indication message sent by the network device; the second indication message includes the parameters associated with the SM mode; and the third indication message is used to indicate the approval of the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the network device can determine, based on the third indication information, the parameters associated with the SM mode that the terminal device agrees with the second indication information.
  • the network device receives a third indication message from the terminal device; the parameters associated with the SM mode are not effective in the network device.
  • the third indication message is used to respond to the second indication message sent by the network device; the second indication message includes the parameters associated with the SM mode; and the third indication message is used to indicate that the parameters associated with the SM mode are not agreed to.
  • the network device can determine, based on the third indication information, that the terminal device disagrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode of the second indication information.
  • the network device receives second indication information from the terminal device, and periodically performs channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode to determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entering the SM mode or initiating the update of the parameters associated with the SM mode, and the second indication information includes the parameters associated with the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of the channel.
  • the network device can enter the SM mode according to the second indication information, and periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, providing a feasible solution for the network device to perform channel availability detection; or, update the parameters associated with the SM mode, so that the network device can update the SM mode according to the second indication information, and periodically perform channel availability detection according to the new parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the network device sends a third indication information to the terminal device; the parameters associated with the SM mode take effect on the network device.
  • the third indication information is used to indicate the consent of the parameters associated with the SM mode; the time when the parameters associated with the SM mode take effect on the network device is the time when the network device completes the reception of the confirmation information corresponding to the third indication information.
  • the network device sends the third indication information to the terminal device, so that the terminal device can determine the parameters associated with the SM mode of the second indication information that the network device agrees with based on the third indication information.
  • the network device receives second indication information from the terminal device; sends fourth indication information to the terminal device; and periodically performs channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode to determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entering the SM mode or the initiation of the update of the parameters associated with the SM mode; the second indication information includes the parameters associated with the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of the channel; and the fourth indication information includes the new parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the network device may disagree with the parameters associated with the SM mode sent by the terminal device, and send a fourth indication information including new parameters associated with the SM mode to the terminal device, so that the terminal device can enter the SM mode according to the fourth indication information, and periodically perform channel availability detection according to the new parameters associated with the SM mode, thereby providing a feasible solution for the terminal device to perform channel availability detection.
  • the network device receives the second indication information from the terminal device; sends the fourth indication information to the terminal device; and periodically performs channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode to determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entering the SM mode or initiating the update of the parameters associated with the SM mode; the second indication information does not include the parameters associated with the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of the channel; and the fourth indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entering the SM mode or initiating the update of the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the information includes parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the network device when the network device receives second indication information that does not include parameters associated with the SM mode, the network device can send fourth indication information including parameters associated with the SM mode to the terminal device, so that the terminal device can enter the SM mode according to the fourth indication information, and periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, thereby providing a feasible solution for the terminal device to perform channel availability detection.
  • the network device sends a fourth indication information to the terminal device; the network device receives the third indication information from the terminal device; and the parameters associated with the SM mode take effect on the network device.
  • the fourth indication information includes the parameters associated with the SM mode; the third indication information is used to indicate the consent to the parameters associated with the SM mode; and the time when the parameters associated with the SM mode take effect on the network device is the moment when the terminal device completes the reception of the confirmation information corresponding to the third indication information.
  • the network device can determine, based on the third indication information, the parameters associated with the SM mode that the terminal device agrees with the fourth indication information.
  • the network device sends fourth indication information to the terminal device; the network device receives the third indication information from the terminal device; and the parameters associated with the SM mode are not effective in the network device.
  • the fourth indication information includes the parameters associated with the SM mode; and the third indication information is used to indicate that the parameters associated with the SM mode are not agreed to.
  • the network device can determine, based on the third indication information, that the terminal device disagrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode of the fourth indication information.
  • the indication information includes a control field
  • the control field includes one or more of the following: a dismantling subfield, an initiation subfield, or a success subfield; wherein the dismantling subfield is used to indicate whether to exit the SM mode; the initiation subfield is used to indicate whether to initiate entry into the SM mode or initiate an update of parameters associated with the SM mode; the success subfield is used to indicate whether to agree to the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the removal subfield can indicate whether to exit the SM mode, and can determine whether the indication information is the fifth indication information;
  • the initiation subfield can indicate whether to initiate entry into the SM mode or initiate an update of parameters associated with the SM mode, and can determine whether the indication information is the second indication information;
  • the success subfield is used to indicate whether the parameters associated with the SM mode are agreed to, and can be used together with the removal subfield and the initiation subfield for the third indication information, or the fourth indication information.
  • the second indication information and the fourth indication information further include a non-primary channel selection parameter field, and the non-primary channel selection parameter field is used to indicate parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the main channel selection parameter field can indicate the parameters associated with the SM mode, and the terminal device can periodically detect the channel status of the channel according to the main channel selection parameter field.
  • the non-main channel selection parameter field includes one or more of the following: a first target survival transmission time subfield, a timeout subfield, a time interval subfield, a duration subfield, or an anchor channel subfield; wherein the first target survival transmission time subfield is used to indicate the start time of the first channel availability detection; the timeout subfield is used to indicate the maximum value of the duration of the network device sending the first indication information to the terminal device; the time interval subfield is used to indicate the period of the channel availability detection; the duration subfield is used to indicate the duration of the SM mode starting from the first target survival transmission time subfield; the anchor channel subfield is used to indicate the parameters associated with the preset anchor channel.
  • the terminal device can periodically perform channel availability detection according to the first target survival transmission time subfield and the time interval subfield; the terminal device can determine the time to receive the first indication information according to the timeout subfield, and can also determine whether to switch to the second channel according to the timeout subfield; the terminal device can determine the duration of the SM mode according to the duration subfield, and can also determine whether to send the fifth indication information according to the duration subfield; the terminal device can determine the second channel to be switched to according to the anchor channel subfield, and can switch to the same second channel at the same time as the network device.
  • the Anchor Channels subfield includes one or more of the following: an anchor channel quantity subfield, a retransmission subfield, a main channel subfield, and one or more preset anchor channel identification information subfields; wherein, the anchor channel quantity subfield is used to indicate the number of preset anchor channels; the retransmission subfield is used to indicate the maximum number of attempts to send or receive first indication information on the same preset anchor channel in a cycle of channel availability detection; the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle; the main channel subfield is used to indicate the identification information of the main channel; the identification information subfield of each preset anchor channel is used to indicate the identification information of the preset anchor channel.
  • the terminal device can determine the number of preset anchor channels, the number of retransmissions, the identification information of the primary channel, the order of multiple preset anchor channels, and the identification information of each preset anchor channel according to the anchor channel subfield, and determine the second channel that can be switched. road.
  • the control field also includes one or more of the following: a first target survival transmission time subfield, a timeout subfield, a time interval subfield, an anchor channel subfield, and a duration subfield; wherein the first target survival transmission time subfield is used to indicate whether the first target survival transmission time subfield appears; the timeout subfield is used to indicate whether the time interval subfield appears; the anchor channel subfield is used to indicate whether the anchor channel subfield appears; and the duration subfield is used to indicate whether the duration subfield appears.
  • the terminal device can determine whether the first target survival transmission time subfield, timeout subfield, time interval subfield, duration subfield, or anchor channel field in the non-main channel selection parameter field appears according to the first existence of the target survival transmission time subfield, the existence of the timeout subfield, the existence of the time interval subfield, the existence of the anchor channel subfield, and the existence of the duration subfield in the control field.
  • the network device determines the second preset duration and the first preset time point according to the timeout subfield in the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the second preset duration is the sum of the duration carried by the timeout subfield and the duration of the frame in which the first indication information is carried;
  • the first preset time point is the moment when the secondary terminal device needs to jump to the second channel because it fails to complete the reception of the first indication information within the second preset duration.
  • the network device can dynamically determine the second preset duration and the first preset time point according to the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the terminal device can determine different SM mode-associated parameters according to different situations, which can effectively improve the communication performance of the terminal device and the network device.
  • the network device receives fifth indication information from the terminal device; the network device sends confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information to the terminal device; and exits the SM mode.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the exit from the SM mode; the time of exiting the SM mode is the completion time of the network device sending the corresponding confirmation information.
  • the network device can determine that the terminal device exits the SM mode according to the fifth indication information; the network device sends confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information to the terminal device, which can make the terminal device determine that the network device agrees to exit the SM mode, and can make the network device and the terminal device exit the SM mode.
  • the network device determines the duration of the SM mode according to parameters associated with the SM mode; and exits the SM mode after the duration.
  • the network device exits the SM mode according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, which can reduce the transmission overhead compared to the terminal device sending the fifth indication information.
  • the network device sends fifth indication information to the terminal device; according to the fifth indication information, the SM mode is exited.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the exit from the SM mode; the time of exiting the SM mode is the completion time of the network device receiving the corresponding confirmation information.
  • the network device when it needs to exit the SM mode, it can send a fifth indication message to the terminal device, so that the terminal device can determine that the network device exits the SM mode based on the fifth indication message, and the network device and the terminal device can exit the SM mode.
  • the network device sends fifth indication information to the terminal device; receives confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information from the terminal device; and exits the SM mode according to the confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the exit from the SM mode; the time of exiting the SM mode is the completion moment of the network device receiving the corresponding confirmation information.
  • the network device when it needs to exit the SM mode, it can send the fifth indication information to the terminal device, so that the terminal device can determine that the network device has exited the SM mode based on the fifth indication information; the terminal device can send confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information to the network device, so that the network device can determine that the terminal device agrees to exit the SM mode, and the network device and the terminal device can exit the SM mode.
  • the fifth indication information includes a control field
  • the control field includes one or more of the following: a dismantling subfield, an initiation subfield, or a success subfield; wherein the dismantling subfield is used to indicate whether to exit the SM mode; the initiation subfield is used to indicate whether to initiate entry into the SM mode or initiate an update of parameters associated with the SM mode; the success subfield is used to indicate whether to agree to the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the network device and the terminal device may complete the channel availability detection without exchanging the first indication information when a first preset condition is met.
  • the first preset condition is that the network device and the terminal device are communicating.
  • the network device and the terminal device can directly confirm that they can communicate in the current channel, avoiding invalid tests and reducing overhead.
  • the network device and the terminal device can complete the channel availability detection without exchanging the first indication information when the second preset condition is met.
  • the second preset condition is one or more of the following: the network device and the terminal device are communicating; the terminal device can detect that the network device is communicating with other devices; the network device can detect that the terminal device is communicating with other devices.
  • the network device and the terminal device can directly confirm that all main channels and preset anchor channels are unavailable for communication between the two, thereby avoiding invalid tests and reducing overhead.
  • the behavior of the network device and the terminal device switching from the first channel to the second channel should be interpreted as the network device and the terminal device communicating with the second channel as a temporary main channel.
  • a communication device for implementing the method in the first aspect.
  • the communication device may be the terminal device in the first aspect, or a device or component included in the terminal device, such as a chip.
  • the communication device includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the above method, which can be implemented by hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.
  • the communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module may include a sending module and a receiving module, which are respectively used to implement the sending and receiving functions in the above-mentioned first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.
  • the processing module may be used to implement the processing functions in the above-mentioned first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.
  • the transceiver module is used to receive first indication information from a network device; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel state of a first channel occupied by the network device is idle.
  • the transceiver module is also used to send confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information to the network device when it is determined that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle based on the first indication information.
  • the processing module is used to switch the channel to the second channel at a first preset time point when it is determined that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is busy based on the first indication information.
  • the transceiver module and processing module of the communication device in the fifth aspect can also perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. Please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details. The beneficial effects that can be achieved can also be referred to the aforementioned related content.
  • a communication device for implementing the method in the second aspect.
  • the communication device may be the terminal device in the second aspect, or a device or component included in the terminal device, such as a chip.
  • the communication device includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the above method, which can be implemented by hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.
  • the communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module may include a sending module and a receiving module, which are respectively used to implement the sending and receiving functions in the above-mentioned second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.
  • the processing module may be used to implement the processing functions in the above-mentioned first aspect and any possible implementation thereof. Exemplarily, the processing module is used to determine a second preset duration. The processing module is also used to switch the channel to the second channel at a first preset time point if the first indication information from the network device is not received within the second preset duration; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle.
  • the transceiver module and processing module of the communication device in the sixth aspect can also perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. Please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details. The beneficial effects that can be achieved can also be referred to the aforementioned related content.
  • a communication device for implementing the method in the third aspect.
  • the communication device may be the network device in the third aspect, or a device or component included in the network device, such as a chip.
  • the communication device includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the above method, which can be implemented by hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.
  • the communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module may include a sending module and a receiving module, respectively used to implement the sending and receiving functions in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.
  • the processing module may be used to implement the processing functions in the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof. Exemplarily, the processing module is used to determine the network device
  • the transceiver module is used to send a first indication message to the terminal device when the channel status is idle; wherein the first indication message is used to indicate that the channel status of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle.
  • the transceiver module is also used to receive confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information from the terminal device.
  • the processing module is also used to switch the channel to the second channel at a first preset time point according to the first indication information.
  • the transceiver module and processing module of the communication device in the seventh aspect can also perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect. Please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details. The beneficial effects that can be achieved can also be referred to the aforementioned related content.
  • a communication device for implementing the method in the fourth aspect.
  • the communication device may be the network device in the fourth aspect, or a device or component included in the network device, such as a chip.
  • the communication device includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the above method, which can be implemented by hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.
  • the communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module may include a sending module and a receiving module, which are respectively used to implement the sending and receiving functions in the fourth aspect and any possible implementation thereof.
  • the processing module may be used to implement the processing functions in the fourth aspect and any possible implementation thereof. Exemplarily, the processing module is used to determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device. The processing module is also used to determine a second preset duration. The processing module is also used to switch the channel to the second channel at a first preset time point when the channel state is busy.
  • the transceiver module and processing module of the communication device in the eighth aspect can also perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect. Please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details. The beneficial effects that can be achieved can also be referred to the aforementioned related content.
  • a communication device comprising: at least one processor, the processor being used to enable the communication device to perform any one of the above aspects or any possible implementation of any one of the aspects by executing computer instructions stored in a memory or through a logic circuit.
  • the communication device may be a terminal device in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or a device or component included in the terminal device, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be a terminal device in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, or a device or component included in the terminal device, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be a network device in the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, or a device or component included in the network device, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be a network device in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, or a device or component included in the network device, such as a chip.
  • the communication device further includes a memory for storing computer instructions and/or configuration files of logic circuits.
  • the memory is integrated with the processor, or the memory is independent of the processor.
  • a communication device comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is used to input and/or output signals; the processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction so that the communication device executes the method of any of the above aspects.
  • the communication device can be a terminal device in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or a device or component included in the terminal device, such as a chip; or the communication device can be a terminal device in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, or a device or component included in the terminal device, such as a chip; or the communication device can be a network device in the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, or a device or component included in the network device, such as a chip; or the communication device can be a network device in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, or a device or component included in the network device, such as a chip.
  • the communication interface is an interface circuit for reading and writing computer instructions.
  • the interface circuit is used to receive computer execution instructions (computer execution instructions are stored in a memory, may be read directly from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmit them to the processor.
  • the communication interface is used to communicate with a module outside the communication device.
  • the communication device may be a chip or a chip system.
  • the chip system may include a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • a communication device comprising: a logic circuit and an interface circuit; the interface circuit is used to input information and/or output information; the logic circuit is used to execute the method of any of the above aspects, and process and/or generate output information according to the input information.
  • the communication device may be a terminal device in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or a device or component included in the terminal device, such as a chip; or the communication device may be a terminal device in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, or a device or component included in the terminal device, such as a chip; or the communication device may be a third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect. or the communication device may be a network device in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, or a device or component included in the network device, such as a chip.
  • a computer-readable storage medium in which a computer program or instruction is stored.
  • the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, the method of any of the above aspects is executed.
  • a computer program product which, when executed by a processor, enables the method of any of the above aspects to be executed.
  • the communication device provided in any one of the fifth to eleventh aspects is a chip
  • the above-mentioned sending action/function can be understood as output information
  • the above-mentioned receiving action/function can be understood as input information.
  • the technical effects brought about by any implementation method in the fifth to thirteenth aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or refer to the technical effects brought about by the above-mentioned second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, or refer to the technical effects brought about by the above-mentioned third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, or refer to the technical effects brought about by the above-mentioned fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, and they will not be repeated here.
  • a communication system which includes the terminal device described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, and the network device described in the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect, or the communication system includes the terminal device described in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, and the network device described in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a channel state provided by the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided by the present application.
  • FIG4 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG5 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a process of receiving a survival frame by a terminal device provided in the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a network device sending a survival frame provided by the present application.
  • FIG8 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG9 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG10 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a network device sending second indication information provided by the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a process of sending second indication information by a terminal device provided in the present application.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a control field provided by the present application.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a non-primary channel selection parameter field provided by the present application.
  • FIG15 is a schematic diagram of an anchor channel subfield provided by the present application.
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a survival monitoring action frame provided by the present application.
  • FIG17 is a schematic diagram of a management frame of a survival monitoring element provided by the present application.
  • FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided by the present application.
  • FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device provided by the present application.
  • FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in the present application.
  • plural means two or more than two.
  • At least one of the following or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items.
  • at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, and “third” are used.
  • the words “first”, “second”, etc. are used to distinguish the same or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art can understand that the words “first”, “second”, etc. do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words “first”, “second”, etc. do not necessarily limit the difference.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as “exemplary” or “for example” in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as “exemplary” or “for example” is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way for easy understanding.
  • CSMA/CA is the basic way for IEEE802.11 protocol to support non-AP STA (such as terminal equipment) or AP (such as network equipment) to access the channel.
  • a communication device which can be a network device or a terminal device
  • the communication device can communicate through the channel; when the channel status is busy, the communication device needs to back off and cannot communicate through the channel.
  • the network device For example, taking the communication device as a network device, if the network device communicates through the channel when the channel status is busy (that is, there are other communication devices communicating on the channel), it will interfere with the communication of other communication devices and the STA's own communication, resulting in communication failure.
  • the channel detection may be divided into two parts, namely, physical channel detection and virtual channel detection.
  • the results of the physical channel detection and the virtual channel detection are both idle, the result of the channel detection may be idle.
  • the CCA mechanism is a process for detecting whether a channel is idle or busy, which belongs to physical channel detection.
  • the communication device may detect the channels in sequence.
  • the highest bandwidth capability supported by the network where the communication device is located is 160 MHz, and the 160 MHz bandwidth is divided based on 20 MHz, which can be divided into 8 channels.
  • the communication device can first detect whether the main 20 MHz channel is idle. If the main 20 MHz channel is busy, the communication device can issue an indication that the main 20 MHz channel is "busy". At this time, the communication device has no available channel for communication and performs a backoff;
  • the communication device continues to detect whether the secondary 20MHz channel is idle; if the secondary 20MHz channel is busy, the communication device can directly issue an indication that the secondary 20MHz channel is "busy", and the communication device can use the primary 20MHz channel as the available channel;
  • the communication device continues to detect the secondary 30MHz channel. If the secondary 40MHz channel is busy, the communication device directly issues an indication that the secondary 40MHz channel is "busy", and the communication device can use the primary 40MHz channel as the available channel.
  • the communication device continues to detect the secondary 80 MHz channel; if the secondary 80 MHz channel is busy, the communication device issues an indication that the secondary 80 MHz channel is "busy", and the available channel of the communication device is the primary 80 MHz channel;
  • the communication device sends an indication that the secondary 80 MHz channel is “idle”, and the available channel for the communication device is the entire 160 MHz channel.
  • the communication device when performing physical channel detection through the CCA mechanism, the communication device can only use continuous idle channels.
  • communication devices can only use continuous idle channels for communication. If only a few discontinuous 20MHz channels are occupied in a 160MHz bandwidth channel, the communication device still needs to back off, which may result in reduced channel utilization.
  • a puncturing mechanism which can puncture the channels with busy status through the puncturing mechanism, that is, the channels with busy status are not used, and the channels with idle status are used to achieve communication.
  • a main 80MHz channel only the secondary 20MHz channel is busy, and the channel status of the other channels are all idle. If the puncturing technology is not used, based on the CCA mechanism, only the main 20MHz channel is available. When the puncturing technology is introduced, the main 80MHz channel with the secondary 20MHz channel punctured can be used, so that the bandwidth of the actual used channel can reach 60MHz, which can improve the channel utilization rate.
  • the communication device can decode the physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) to extract the transmitted information, and the frequency synchronization is required before the PPDU is transmitted.
  • PPDU physical layer protocol data unit
  • the frequency synchronization can only be achieved through the main 20MHz channel, so the main 20MHz channel cannot be punched out.
  • a non-primary channel selection method is proposed for communication, that is, when the channel status of the primary channel is busy, the communication device can use a non-primary channel with an idle channel status for communication instead of the primary channel.
  • the anchor channel may be a non-primary channel, that is, the anchor channel may be a substitute for the primary 20 MHz channel.
  • the anchor channel may be referred to as an anchor channel, an anchoring channel, or a backup main channel, without limitation.
  • the communication device may use the anchor channel as the main 20 MHz channel, and may communicate through the anchor channel, thereby improving the utilization rate of the channel.
  • the anchor channel can be determined based on high-efficiency subchannel selective transmission (HE SST) through unicast target wait time (TWT) negotiation and broadcast TWT negotiation.
  • HE SST high-efficiency subchannel selective transmission
  • TWT unicast target wait time
  • the network device can determine the information associated with the target waiting time service period (TWT SP) when negotiating the HE SST, and negotiate the information associated with the anchor channel (such as the anchor channel that can participate in the resource unit (RU) allocation according to the bitmap), so that the network device can use the negotiated anchor channel other than the main 20MHz channel within the TWT SP to communicate with the terminal device through the main 20MHz channel and the anchor channel.
  • TWT SP target waiting time service period
  • the anchor channel such as the anchor channel that can participate in the resource unit (RU) allocation according to the bitmap
  • the network device still needs to back off, resulting in a waste of resources.
  • the network device can establish HE SST through the broadcast TWT negotiation method, so that the improved HE SST can be used between the network device and the terminal device, and then the network device and the terminal device can use the designated anchor channel as the temporary main channel in the designated TWT SP.
  • TWT broadcast
  • the network device and the terminal device can use the designated anchor channel as the temporary main channel in the designated TWT SP.
  • the broadcast type (TWT) negotiation method solves the problem that the network device needs to retreat when the channel status of the main 20MHz channel is busy, but there is a problem of hidden nodes, which may cause communication failure between the network device and the terminal device.
  • the problem of hidden nodes may cause the communication between the network device and the terminal device to fail.
  • the terminal device is within the coverage of two network devices (i.e., network device 1 and network device 2), and the distance between the two network devices is relatively far or there is an obstacle between the two network devices
  • the network device 1 is a hidden node with respect to the network device 2, and the network device 2 is also a hidden node with respect to the network device 1.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which includes: a terminal device receives first indication information from a network device; when receiving the first indication information and determining that the channel state of a first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle, sending confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information to the network device; or, when receiving the first indication information and determining that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle, When the state of the first channel occupied by the network device is busy, at a first preset time point, the channel is switched to the second channel.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle.
  • the terminal device can determine that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle based on the first indication information; when it is determined that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle, the terminal device can send confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information to the network device, so that the network device determines that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle, and then the network device can communicate with the terminal device on the first channel, avoiding the problem of inconsistent understanding of the channel state between the network device and the terminal device due to hidden nodes, and ensuring the reliability of communication; when it is determined that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is busy, the terminal device can switch to the second channel at a first preset time point, and the network device can also switch to the second channel at the first preset time point simultaneously with the terminal device without receiving the confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information.
  • the network device and the terminal device can test whether they can communicate through the first channel. If both the network device and the terminal device determine that the channel state of the first channel is idle, they can communicate through the first channel. Otherwise, they both switch to the second channel and continue to test whether they can communicate through the second channel. This avoids the problem of inconsistent understanding of the channel state by the network device and the terminal device due to hidden nodes, reduces the negative impact of hidden nodes, and improves communication reliability.
  • the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application can be used in various communication systems, which can be a third generation partnership project (3GPP) communication system, for example, a fourth generation (4G), long term evolution (LTE), fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, a new radio (NR), or a system in which LTE and 5G are hybrid networked, or a non-terrestrial network (NTN) system.
  • 3GPP third generation partnership project
  • 4G fourth generation
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR new radio
  • NTN non-terrestrial network
  • the communication system may also be a non-3GPP communication system, such as a wireless local area network (WLAN) system such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) or a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, or a 6th generation (6G) or 5G-post mobile communication system, a vehicle to everything (V2X) system, a device to device (D2D) communication system, a machine to machine (M2M) communication system, an internet of things (IoT), a narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT), other next generation communication systems, a perception and communication integrated system, a satellite communication system, etc.
  • the communication system may also be a non-3GPP communication system, such as a wireless local area network (WLAN) system such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), without limitation.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be used in a wireless LAN system supporting the IEEE 802.11ax next-generation Wi-Fi protocol (such as 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7 or EHT), or, can be used in a wireless LAN system supporting the IEEE 802.11be next-generation Wi-Fi protocol (such as Wi-Fi 8, UHR), or, can be used in a wireless LAN system supporting Wi-Fi AI, or, can be used in a wireless LAN system supporting millimeter wave (mmWave), or, can be used in a wireless LAN system supporting ultra-wideband (ultra wide band, UWB), or, can also be used in a wireless LAN system supporting sensing.
  • IEEE 802.11ax next-generation Wi-Fi protocol such as 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7 or EHT
  • Wi-Fi 802.11be next-generation Wi-Fi protocol such as Wi-Fi 8, UHR
  • Wi-Fi AI can be used in a wireless LAN system supporting millimeter wave (mmWave)
  • the communication system used in the present application may be as shown in FIG. 2 below, and the communication system may include one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices.
  • the present application can be applied to various communication scenarios, such as beam measurement, channel estimation, signal detection, etc.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application can be located within the beam/cell coverage of the network device, and the network device can provide communication services for the terminal device.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device with wireless transceiver function or a chip or chip system that can be set in the device, which can allow users to access the network and is a device for providing voice and/or data connectivity to users.
  • the terminal device may also be called user equipment (UE), subscriber unit, terminal, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a user-side device for implementing a wireless communication function, such as a terminal or a chip that can be used in a terminal, etc.
  • the terminal may be a UE, a user unit, an access terminal, a terminal unit, a terminal station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a wireless communication device, a terminal agent or a terminal device, etc. in a 5G network or a public land mobile network (PLMN) evolved after 5G.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the access terminal can be a cellular phone, a smart phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless data card, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function (handset), a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a drone, a robot, a smart point of sale (POS) machine, a customer-premises equipment (CPE) or a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, or a wearable device.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • Handset handheld device with wireless communication function
  • laptop computer a laptop computer
  • a tablet computer a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem
  • POS point of sale
  • CPE customer-premises equipment
  • AR augmented reality
  • AR terminal equipment wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in machine type communication (MTC), wireless terminals in smart city, wireless terminals in smart home (such as smart cameras, projectors, display screens, televisions, speakers, refrigerators, washing machines, etc.), sensor nodes in smart city (such as smart water meters, smart electric meters, smart air detection nodes, etc.), smart devices in smart office (such as printers, projectors, etc.), infrastructure in daily life (such as vending machines, self-service navigation tables in supermarkets, self-service cash registers, self-service ordering machines, etc.), etc.
  • MTC machine type communication
  • the terminal can be a terminal with communication function in IoT, such as a terminal in V2X (such as a vehicle networking device), a terminal in D2D communication, or a terminal in M2M communication, etc.
  • the terminal can be mobile or fixed.
  • the network device in the embodiment of the present application may be any device deployed in the access network that can communicate wirelessly with the terminal device, or a chip or chip system that can be set in the above device, or a logical node or a logical module or a function implemented in software, which can be used to implement wireless physical control functions, resource scheduling and wireless resource management, wireless access control, mobility management, etc.
  • the network device may be a device that supports wired access or a device that supports wireless access.
  • the network device in the embodiment of the present application is a device that connects a terminal device to a wireless network.
  • the network device may be a node in a radio access network (RAN), or may be a base station, which may be referred to as a radio access network node (or device).
  • RAN radio access network
  • base station which may be referred to as a radio access network node (or device).
  • the network device may be a network device in a future evolved PLMN.
  • the network device may include a transmission reception point (TRP), a home base station (e.g., home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), a baseband unit (BBU), a baseband pool (BBU pool), or a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) AP, etc.
  • the network device may include a base station in an NTN, that is, it may be deployed on a flight platform or a satellite. In the NTN, the network device may serve as a layer 1 (L1) relay, or as a base station, or as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node.
  • L1 layer 1
  • IAB integrated access and backhaul
  • the network device may be a device that implements a base station function in IoT, such as a device that implements a base station function in drone communication, V2X, D2D, or M2M.
  • the network device may be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario.
  • the network device may also be a wearable device or a vehicle-mounted device.
  • the network device may also be a module or unit that can implement some functions of the base station, for example, the network device may be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU).
  • the CU and DU may be separately configured, or may be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU).
  • BBU baseband unit
  • the RU may be included in a radio frequency device or radio unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).
  • RRU remote radio unit
  • AAU active antenna unit
  • RRH remote radio head
  • the network device may be a network device or a module of a network device in an open radio access network (open RAN, ORAN) system.
  • ORAN open radio access network
  • CU may also be referred to as open (open, O)-CU
  • DU may also be referred to as O-DU
  • CU-CP may also be referred to as O-CU-CP
  • CU-UP may also be referred to as O-CU-UP
  • RU may also be referred to as O-RU.
  • Any of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application may be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.
  • the base station in the embodiments of the present application may include various forms of base stations, such as: macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, APs, home base stations, TRPs, transmitting points (TPs), or mobile switching centers, etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • macro base stations such as: macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, APs, home base stations, TRPs, transmitting points (TPs), or mobile switching centers, etc.
  • TPs transmitting points
  • the AP and the non-AP STA can support 802.11 series protocols (the 802.11 series protocols may include: 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11a/b/g/n/ac, etc.).
  • AP can be a communication entity such as a communication server, router, switch, bridge, etc., or AP can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, etc., or AP can also be a chip and processing system in various forms of network equipment.
  • the communication system described in the embodiment of the present application is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • a person of ordinary skill in the art can know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • each terminal device and network device shown in Figure 2 may adopt the composition structure shown in Figure 3, or include the components shown in Figure 3.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 30 provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 30 may be a terminal device or a chip or a system on chip in a terminal device; it may also be a network device or a chip or a system on chip in a network device.
  • the communication device 30 includes one or more processors 301. Further, the communication device 30 may also include a communication bus 302 and at least one communication interface (FIG. 3 is only exemplary, and the communication device 30 includes a communication interface 304 and a processor 301 as an example for explanation). Optionally, the communication device 30 may also include a memory 303.
  • Processor 301 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present application, or a processing core for processing data (such as computer program instructions).
  • the processor may be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor.
  • the processor 301 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 3 .
  • the communication bus 302 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus.
  • the bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.
  • FIG. 3 is represented by only one thick line, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the communication bus 302 is used to connect different components in the communication device 30 so that different components in the communication device 30 can communicate and interact with each other.
  • the communication interface 304 may be a transceiver module for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, RAN, or wireless local area networks (WLAN).
  • the communication interface 304 may be a device such as a transceiver or a transceiver.
  • the communication interface 304 may also be a transceiver circuit located in the processor 301 to implement signal input and signal output of the processor.
  • the memory 303 may be a device with a storage function. For example, it may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory may exist independently and be connected to the processor via the communication bus 302. The memory may also be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory 303 is used to store computer-executable instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 301.
  • the processor 301 is used to execute the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 303, thereby implementing the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 301 may also execute processing-related functions in the method provided in the following embodiments of the present application, and the communication interface 304 is responsible for communicating with other devices or communication networks, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer-executable instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication device 30 may further include an output device 305 and an input device 306.
  • the output device 305 communicates with the processor 301 and may display information in a variety of ways.
  • the output device 305 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector.
  • the input device 306 communicates with the processor 301 and may receive user input in a variety of ways.
  • the input device 306 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensor device.
  • composition structure shown in FIG3 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device.
  • the communication device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.
  • the terminal device or the network device can perform some or all of the steps in the embodiment of the present application, and these steps or operations are only examples.
  • the embodiment may also perform other operations or variations of various operations.
  • each step may be performed in a different order than that presented in the embodiment of the present application, and it is possible that not all operations in the embodiment of the present application need to be performed.
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • a network device determines a channel state of a first channel occupied by the network device.
  • the network device can monitor whether there are other nodes transmitting information on the first channel occupied by the network device to determine the channel status. When other nodes transmitting information are monitored, it indicates that the channel status is busy; when no other nodes transmitting information are monitored, it indicates that the channel status is idle.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel status of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle.
  • the network device may send the first indication information to the terminal device within a second preset time period; correspondingly, the terminal device may receive the first indication information from the network device within the second preset time period.
  • the second preset duration may be determined based on the following timeout subfield and the duration of the first indication information.
  • the second preset duration is equal to the sum of the duration indicated by the timeout subfield and the duration of the first indication information.
  • timeout subfield is described in the following content and will not be repeated here.
  • the first indication information may be a survival frame.
  • the Survival frame can be a robust short management frame (such as a request to send (RTS) frame).
  • RTS request to send
  • the terminal device After receiving the first indication information, the terminal device can detect the channel status of the first channel occupied by the terminal device. When the channel status is idle, the following S403 can be executed; when the channel status is busy, the following S404 can be executed. Correspondingly, the network device can also execute the following S405.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device receives the first indication information and determines that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle, it sends confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information to the network device; correspondingly, the network device receives the confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information from the terminal device.
  • the confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information can be an acknowledgement (ACK) frame or a channel clear (CTS) frame, without restriction.
  • ACK acknowledgement
  • CTS channel clear
  • the confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information is a CTS frame.
  • the terminal device may detect the channel status of the first channel occupied by the terminal device, and when the channel status is idle, may send confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information to the network device.
  • the first preset time point is the moment when the terminal device fails to complete the reception of the first indication information within the second preset time length and needs to jump to the second channel. It can be determined according to the duration information carried by the timeout subfield, the duration of the frame carried by the first indication information, the short inter-frame space (SIFS), the duration of the confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information, and the attempt to interact with the first indication information on the currently occupied first channel.
  • SIFS short inter-frame space
  • the first preset time point is the time point corresponding to the sum of the duration carried by the timeout subfield, the duration of the frame in which the first indication information is carried, the short interframe interval, and the duration of the confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information, calculated from the start time of attempting to interact with the first indication information on the currently occupied first channel.
  • the start time of the first attempt to interact with the information on the currently occupied first channel is also the time when the duration corresponding to the timeout subfield starts to be calculated.
  • the second channel is the first channel; when the number of retransmissions of the channel availability test of the first channel occupied by the terminal device has reached the upper limit, but there are still preset anchor channels that have not been tested, the second channel is the next preset anchor channel; when the number of retransmissions of the channel availability test of the first channel occupied by the terminal device has reached the upper limit and all preset anchor channels have been tested, the second channel is the main channel.
  • the terminal device and the network device may switch the channel to the second channel at the same time.
  • the first preset time point is calculated from the start time of attempting to interact with a first indication information in the currently occupied first channel, and the duration carried by the timeout subfield, the duration of the frame in which the first indication information is carried, the short interframe interval, and the first Taking the time point corresponding to the sum of the durations of confirmation information corresponding to an indication information as an example, when the channel status of a first channel occupied by the terminal device is busy, the terminal device can switch the channel to a second channel at a first preset time point.
  • S405 The network device switches the channel to the second channel at a first preset time point according to the first indication information.
  • the network device can start by sending a first indication message to the terminal device. If the reception of the confirmation message corresponding to the first indication message from the terminal device is not completed after the duration of the first indication message, SIFS and the duration of the confirmation message corresponding to the first indication message, the network device can switch the channel to the second channel at a first preset time point.
  • a channel availability detection may be performed on the second channel to determine whether the channel state of the channel is consistent with that of the first channel.
  • the network device detects that the channel state of the first preset anchor channel is idle, and the network device can send a first indication message to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device receives the first indication message and detects that the channel state of the first preset anchor channel is idle.
  • the terminal device can send a confirmation message corresponding to the first indication message to the network device. Then, the terminal device and the network device can communicate on the first preset anchor channel.
  • the terminal device can determine that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle according to the first indication information; when it is determined that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle, the terminal device can send confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information to the network device, so that the network device determines that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle, and then the network device can communicate with the terminal device on the first channel, avoiding the problem of inconsistent understanding of the channel state between the network device and the terminal device due to hidden nodes, reducing the negative impact of hidden nodes, and ensuring the reliability of communication; when it is determined that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is busy, the terminal device can switch to the second channel at a first preset time point, and the network device can also switch to the second channel at the first preset time point simultaneously with the terminal device without receiving the confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information.
  • the network device and the terminal device can test whether they can communicate through the first channel. If both the network device and the terminal device determine that the channel state of the first channel is idle, they can communicate through the first channel. Otherwise, they both switch to the second channel and continue to test whether they can communicate through the second channel. This avoids the problem of inconsistent understanding of the channel state by the network device and the terminal device due to hidden nodes, and improves communication reliability.
  • the present application further proposes a communication method in which a terminal device switches a channel to a second channel when the terminal device does not receive the first indication information from the network device, as shown in FIG. 5 below:
  • a network device determines a channel state of a first channel occupied by the network device.
  • the network device can monitor whether there are other nodes transmitting information on the first channel occupied by the network device to determine the channel status. When other nodes transmitting information are monitored, it indicates that the channel status is busy; when no other nodes transmitting information are monitored, it indicates that the channel status is idle.
  • the terminal device determines a second preset duration.
  • the second preset duration may be determined based on the following timeout subfield and the duration of the first indication information.
  • the second preset duration is equal to the sum of the duration indicated by the timeout subfield and the duration of the first indication information.
  • timeout subfield is described in the following content and will not be repeated here.
  • S503 The network device determines a second preset duration.
  • the network device may detect the channel status of the first channel occupied by the network device within a second preset time period, and when the channel status is busy, the network device does not send the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • the first preset time point is as described above and will not be described again.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle.
  • the network device If the network device detects that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is busy within the second preset time period, the network device switches the channel to the second channel at the first preset time point after the second preset time period.
  • a channel availability detection may be performed on the second channel to determine whether the channel state of the channel is consistent with that of the first channel.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device receives a Survival frame from a network device within a second preset time period and sends an ACK frame to the network device, it indicates that the channel status of the first channel occupied by the terminal device and the first channel occupied by the network device are both idle, and the terminal device can communicate with the network device through the first channel; when the terminal device does not receive a Survival frame from the network device within the second preset time period, it indicates that the channel status of the first channel occupied by the network device is busy, and the terminal device can switch the channel to the second channel at the first preset time point after the second preset time period; when the terminal device receives a Survival frame from the network device within the second preset time period and does not send an ACK frame to the network device, it indicates that the channel status of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is busy, and the terminal device
  • the network device when the network device sends a Survival frame to the terminal device within the second preset time period, it indicates that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle; when the network device receives an ACK frame from the terminal device, it indicates that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle, and the network device can communicate with the terminal device through the first channel; when the network device does not receive an ACK frame from the terminal device, it indicates that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is busy, and the network device can switch the channel to the second channel at the first preset time point after the second preset time period; when the network device does not send a Survival frame to the terminal device within the second preset time period, it indicates that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is busy, and the network device can switch the channel to the second
  • the terminal device and the network device can be in the survival confirmation phase according to the communication method shown in Figures 4 to 7 above, that is, the network device and the terminal device confirm the channel status of the first channel with each other to avoid the problem of inconsistent understanding of the channel status between the network device and the terminal device due to hidden nodes, which can reduce the negative impact of hidden nodes and improve the reliability of communication.
  • the network device and the terminal device can complete the channel availability detection without interacting with the first indication information.
  • the first preset condition is that the network device and the terminal device are communicating.
  • the network device and the terminal device performing periodic channel availability detection as an example, when a certain cycle starts, the network device and the terminal device are communicating, then the network device and the terminal device can skip the channel availability detection of this cycle and continue to communicate through the currently occupied channel.
  • the network device and the terminal device can complete the channel availability detection without interacting with the first indication information.
  • the second preset condition is one or more of the following: the network device is communicating with the terminal device; the terminal device can detect that the network device is communicating with other devices; the network device can detect that the terminal device is communicating with other devices.
  • the network device sends second indication information to the terminal device; correspondingly, the terminal device receives the second indication information from the network device.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entry into the SM mode; the second indication information includes parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of a channel.
  • the second indication information is also used to update parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the terminal device and the network device when the terminal device and the network device perform periodic channel availability detection, in each period, the terminal device and the network device will perform channel availability detection on the main channel and each preset anchor channel in turn until a channel on which the terminal device and the network device can communicate is detected, or the channel availability detection of the main channel and each preset anchor channel is completed; when performing channel availability detection on the main channel or a preset anchor channel, the terminal device and the network device will attempt to interact with the first indication information within the range allowed by the information carried by the retransmission subfield in the parameters associated with the SM mode, until the result of a certain attempt is that the terminal device and the network device are The device can communicate on the currently occupied first channel, or until the number of attempts on the currently occupied first channel in the current cycle reaches an upper limit; in a certain attempt to interact with the first indication information, the terminal device performs an availability check on the currently occupied first channel according to the process shown in Figure 6, and the network device performs an availability check on the currently occupied first channel according to the
  • the terminal device and the network device may perform channel availability detection on the main channel and all preset anchor channels within a cycle. If no available channel is detected, the terminal device and the network device will no longer perform channel availability detection within the cycle.
  • the parameters associated with the SM mode may include one or more of the following: the start time of the periodic channel availability detection, the time interval of the periodic channel availability detection, the duration of the periodic channel availability detection, the information associated with the second channel, or the duration of the channel availability detection.
  • the terminal device periodically performs channel detection and channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode to determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device.
  • S803 The network device periodically performs channel detection and channel availability detection according to parameters associated with the SM mode to determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device.
  • the terminal device may also send third indication information to the network device as shown in S801a in FIG. 8 :
  • the terminal device sends third indication information to the network device according to the second indication information; correspondingly, the network device receives the third indication information from the terminal device.
  • the third indication information is used to indicate the parameters for agreeing to associate with the SM mode.
  • the terminal device sends the third indication information to the network device, which can enable the network device to determine that the terminal device agrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the third indication information sent by the terminal device to the network device can be used to indicate that the terminal device disagrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode of the second indication information.
  • the terminal device and the network device do not periodically perform channel availability detection based on the parameters associated with the SM mode of the second indication information.
  • the network device and the terminal device do not perform steps S802 and S803.
  • the terminal device may also send the second indication information to the network device, so that the terminal device and the network device periodically perform channel availability detection according to the second indication information, and the channel state may be dynamically determined.
  • the present application proposes two possible implementations:
  • the second indication information sent by the terminal device to the network device includes parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the terminal device sends second indication information to the network device.
  • the network device may receive the second indication information from the terminal device.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate initiation of entry into SM mode.
  • the second indication information is also used to update parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the network device periodically performs channel detection and channel availability detection according to parameters associated with the SM mode to determine a channel state of a first channel occupied by the network device.
  • S903 The terminal device periodically performs channel detection and channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode to determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device.
  • the network device may also send third indication information to the terminal device as shown in S901a in FIG. 9 :
  • the network device sends third indication information to the terminal device; correspondingly, the terminal device receives the third indication information from the network device.
  • the third indication information is used to indicate the parameters for agreeing to associate with the SM mode.
  • the network device sends the third indication information to the terminal device, which can enable the terminal device to determine that the network device agrees to the SM mode association. parameter.
  • the third indication information sent by the network device to the terminal device can also be used to indicate that the network device disagrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode of the second indication information.
  • the terminal device and the network device do not periodically perform channel detection and channel availability detection based on the parameters associated with the SM mode of the second indication information.
  • the network device and the terminal device do not perform steps S902 and S903.
  • the second indication information sent by the terminal device to the network device includes or does not include parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the terminal device sends second indication information to the network device; correspondingly, the network device can receive the second indication information from the terminal device.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate initiation of entry into the SM mode, or the second indication information may also be used to indicate update of parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the network device sends fourth indication information to the terminal device; correspondingly, the terminal device receives the fourth indication information from the network device.
  • the fourth indication information is used to indicate disagreement with entering the SM mode, and/or when the second indication information includes parameters associated with the SM mode, disagreement with the parameters associated with the SM mode in the second indication information; the fourth indication information includes parameters associated with the SM mode or new parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the network device sends the fourth indication information to the terminal device, which can enable the terminal device to determine that the network device does not agree to enter the SM mode immediately or update the parameters associated with the SM mode, and enable the terminal device to receive the SM mode-associated parameters recommended by the network device.
  • S1003 The network device periodically performs channel detection and channel availability detection according to parameters associated with the SM mode to determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device.
  • the terminal device periodically performs channel detection and channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode to determine the channel status of the first channel occupied by the terminal device.
  • the terminal device may also send third indication information to the network device as shown in S1002a in FIG. 10:
  • the terminal device sends third indication information to the network device; correspondingly, the network device receives the third indication information from the terminal device.
  • the terminal device sends the third indication information to the network device, which can enable the network device to determine that the terminal device agrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the terminal device sending the third indication information to the network device can also be used to indicate that the terminal device disagrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode of the fourth indication information. At this time, the terminal device and the network device do not periodically perform channel availability detection based on the parameters associated with the SM mode of the fourth indication information.
  • the network device and the terminal device do not perform steps S1003 and S1004.
  • the network device and the terminal device can be in a negotiation phase based on the communication method of Figures 8-10 above, that is, the network device and the terminal device negotiate the parameters associated with the SM mode, and if the negotiation is successful, enter the SM mode.
  • the terminal device or the network device may determine the second preset duration and the first preset time point based on parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the terminal device or network device can determine the second preset duration and the first preset time point according to the channel availability detection timeout subfield in the parameters associated with the SM mode and the duration of the first indication information.
  • the second indication information sent by the network device to the terminal device includes parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the third indication information for indicating agreement is sent to the network device, indicating that the negotiation is successful and the two enter the SM mode;
  • the terminal device disagrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode the third indication information for indicating disagreement is sent to the network device, indicating that the negotiation fails and the two do not enter the SM mode.
  • the network device sends an indication to the terminal device.
  • the third indication information of agreement indicates that the negotiation is successful and the two parties enter the SM mode; when the network device does not agree with the parameters associated with the SM mode, the fourth indication information including the parameters associated with the SM mode is sent to the terminal device; when the terminal device agrees to the parameters associated with the SM mode, the third indication information used to indicate agreement is sent to the network device, indicating that the negotiation is successful and the two parties enter the SM mode; when the terminal device does not agree with the parameters associated with the SM mode, the third indication information used to indicate disagreement is sent to the network device, indicating that the negotiation fails and the two parties do not enter the SM mode.
  • the network device may send fourth indication information to the terminal device, indicating that the negotiation failed and including parameters associated with the SM mode; when the terminal device agrees to the parameters associated with the SM mode, third indication information for indicating agreement is sent to the network device, indicating that the negotiation is successful and the two enter the SM mode; when the terminal device disagrees with the parameters associated with the SM mode, third indication information for indicating disagreement is sent to the network device, indicating that the negotiation failed and the two do not enter the SM mode.
  • the terminal device and the network device can update the parameters associated with the SM mode in the second indication information according to the actual communication situation.
  • the terminal device may send a third indication message to the network device to indicate agreement, then the updated parameters associated with the SM mode are effective at both the terminal device and the network device; if the terminal device disagrees with the updated parameters associated with the SM mode after receiving the second indication message, the terminal device sends a third indication message to the network device to indicate disagreement, so that the network device determines that the terminal device disagrees with the updated parameters associated with the SM mode, then the updated parameters associated with the SM mode are not effective at both the terminal device and the network device.
  • the present application also proposes a communication method for exiting the SM mode:
  • the terminal device sends the fifth indication information to the network device; correspondingly, the network device receives the fifth indication information from the terminal device.
  • the fifth indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to exit the SM mode.
  • the network device may send confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information to the terminal device, to indicate that the network device agrees to exit the SM mode; correspondingly, the terminal device receives confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information from the network device.
  • the confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information may be an ACK frame or a CTS frame without limitation.
  • the terminal device can exit the SM mode when completing the reception of the confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information; correspondingly, the network device exits the SM mode when completing the sending of the confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information.
  • the network device and the terminal device may determine the duration of the SM mode according to parameters associated with the SM mode, and exit the SM mode after the duration.
  • the network device and the terminal device can determine the duration of the SM mode according to the duration subfield in the second indication information or the fourth indication information.
  • duration subfield in the second indication information or the fourth indication information is described in detail in the following content and will not be repeated here.
  • the network device sends the fifth indication information to the terminal device; correspondingly, the terminal device receives the fifth indication information from the network device.
  • the fifth indication information is used to instruct the network device to exit the SM mode.
  • the terminal device may send confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information to the network device, to indicate that the terminal device agrees to exit the SM mode; correspondingly, the network device receives confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information from the terminal device.
  • the confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information may be an ACK frame or a CTS frame without limitation.
  • the network device can exit the SM mode when completing the reception of the confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information; correspondingly, the terminal device network device exits the SM mode when completing the sending of the confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information.
  • the network device and the terminal device can exit the SM mode based on the above-mentioned method of exiting the SM mode, or the network device and the terminal device can exit the SM mode according to the duration of the SM mode.
  • the present application also proposes that the second indication information, the third indication information, the fourth indication information, and the fifth indication information may include a control field.
  • the second indication information and the fourth indication information can be collectively referred to as indication information.
  • the first indication information is different from the above indication information.
  • the control field may include one or more of the following: a removal subfield, an initiation subfield, or a success subfield.
  • the demolition subfield is used to indicate exiting the SM mode.
  • the demolition subfield when the demolition subfield is 1, the other subfields of the control field are reserved, indicating exiting the SM mode, and the demolition subfield is 0, indicating not exiting the SM mode; or, when the demolition subfield is 0, the other subfields of the control field are reserved, indicating exiting the SM mode, and the demolition subfield is 1, indicating not exiting the SM mode.
  • the indication information when the demolition subfield is 1, indicating exiting the SM mode, the indication information may be the fifth indication information; or, when the demolition subfield is 0, indicating exiting the SM mode, the indication information may be the fifth indication information.
  • the initiation subfield is used to indicate initiation of entry into the SM mode, or the initiation subfield is used to indicate initiation of updating of parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the Initiate subfield when the Initiate subfield is 1, it indicates initiating entry into SM mode or initiating an update of parameters associated with SM mode, the Success subfield is reserved, and the Initiate subfield is 0, indicating that the frame in which this field is located is not used to initiate entry into SM mode or initiating an update of parameters associated with SM mode; or, when the Initiate subfield is 0, it indicates initiating entry into SM mode, the Success subfield is reserved, and the Initiate subfield is 1, indicating that the frame in which this field is located is not used to initiate entry into SM mode or initiating an update of parameters associated with SM mode.
  • the indication information may be the second indication information; or, when the initiation subfield is 0 to initiate entry into SM mode or to initiate parameter update of SM mode, the indication information may be the second indication information.
  • the success subfield is used to indicate whether the parameters associated with the SM mode are approved.
  • the success subfield For example, if the success subfield is 1, it indicates that the negotiation is successful and the SM mode parameters are effective; if the success subfield is 0, it indicates that the negotiation fails and the SM mode parameters are not effective. Alternatively, if the success subfield is 0, it indicates that the negotiation is successful and the SM mode parameters are effective; if the success subfield is 1, it indicates that the negotiation fails and the SM mode parameters are not effective.
  • control field may also include one or more of the following: a first target survival transmission time subfield, a timeout subfield, a time interval subfield, an anchor channel subfield, or a duration subfield.
  • the first target survival transmission time subfield is used to indicate whether the first target survival transmission time subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears.
  • the first existing target survival transmission time subfield when the first existing target survival transmission time subfield is 1, it indicates that the first target survival transmission time subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears; when the first existing target survival transmission time subfield is 0, it indicates that the first target survival transmission time subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field does not appear.
  • the first existing target survival transmission time subfield when the first existing target survival transmission time subfield is 0, it indicates that the first target survival transmission time subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears; when the first existing target survival transmission time subfield is 1, it indicates that the first target survival transmission time subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field does not appear.
  • the existence of the timeout subfield is used to indicate whether the timeout subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears.
  • timeout subfield when the existence of the timeout subfield is 1, it indicates that the timeout subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears; when the existence of the timeout subfield is 0, it indicates that the timeout subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field does not appear.
  • existence of the timeout subfield when the existence of the timeout subfield is 0, it indicates that the timeout subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears; when the existence of the timeout subfield is 1, it indicates that the timeout subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field does not appear.
  • the existence of the time interval subfield is used to indicate whether the time interval subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears.
  • the existence time interval subfield when the existence time interval subfield is 1, it indicates that the time interval subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears; when the existence time interval subfield is 0, it indicates that the time interval subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field does not appear.
  • the existence time interval subfield when the existence time interval subfield is 0, it indicates that the time interval subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears; when the existence time interval subfield is 1, it indicates that the time interval subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field does not appear.
  • the presence of the anchor channel subfield is used to indicate whether the anchor channel subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears.
  • anchor channel subfield when the anchor channel subfield is 1, it indicates that the anchor channel subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears; when the anchor channel subfield is 0, it indicates that the anchor channel subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field does not appear.
  • anchor channel subfield when the anchor channel subfield is 0, it indicates that the anchor channel subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears; when the anchor channel subfield is 1, it indicates that the anchor channel subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field does not appear.
  • the existence of the duration subfield is used to indicate whether the duration subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears.
  • the presence of the duration subfield when the presence of the duration subfield is 1, it indicates that the duration subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears; when the presence of the duration subfield is 0, it indicates that the duration subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field does not appear.
  • the presence of the duration subfield when the presence of the duration subfield is 0, it indicates that the duration subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field appears; when the presence of the duration subfield is When it is 1, it indicates that the duration subfield in the non-primary channel selection parameter field does not appear.
  • control field may be as shown in Figure 13 below, that is, the control field may include: a dismantling subfield, an initiation subfield, a success subfield, a first target survival transmission time subfield, a timeout subfield, a time interval subfield, an anchor channel subfield, and a duration subfield.
  • each subfield in the control field may be 1 bit.
  • the second indication information and the fourth indication information may further include a non-primary channel selection parameter field.
  • the non-main channel selection parameter field is used to indicate the parameters associated with the SM mode, and the non-main channel selection parameter field may include one or more of the following: a first target survival transmission time subfield, a timeout subfield, a time interval subfield, a duration subfield, or an anchor channel subfield.
  • the first target survival transmission time subfield is used to indicate the start time of the first channel availability detection.
  • the timeout subfield is used to indicate the maximum duration of the network device sending the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • the second preset duration is the sum of the value of the timeout subfield and the duration of the frame carried by the first indication information.
  • the time interval subfield is used to indicate the period of channel availability detection
  • the terminal device or the network device may perform periodic channel availability detection according to the first target survival transmission time subfield and the time interval subfield.
  • the duration subfield is used to indicate the duration of the SM mode starting from the time value carried by the first target survival transmission subfield.
  • the terminal device or network device can determine the duration of the SM mode according to the duration indicated by the duration subfield, and actively exit the SM mode after the duration of the SM mode.
  • the anchor channel subfield is used to indicate parameters associated with a preset anchor channel.
  • the network device and the terminal device may simultaneously switch channels to the same preset anchor channel (ie, the second channel) according to the parameters in the anchor channel subfield, to ensure that the terminal device and the network device are in the same preset anchor channel.
  • the same preset anchor channel ie, the second channel
  • the non-main channel selection parameter field may be as shown in FIG. 14 below, that is, the non-main channel selection parameter field may include a first target survival transmission time subfield, a timeout subfield, a time interval subfield, a duration subfield, and an anchor channel subfield.
  • the first target survival transmission time subfield, timeout subfield, time interval subfield, duration subfield, and anchor channel subfield may appear at the same time, or may not appear at the same time, depending on whether they appear or not, as indicated by the control field.
  • the first target survival transmission time subfield, timeout subfield, time interval subfield, duration subfield, and anchor channel subfield when the first target survival transmission time subfield, timeout subfield, time interval subfield, duration subfield, and anchor channel subfield appear at the same time, the first target survival transmission time subfield, timeout subfield, time interval subfield, duration subfield, and anchor channel subfield are all 2 8-bit bytes.
  • the anchor channel subfield may include one or more of the following: an anchor channel quantity subfield, a retransmission subfield, a primary channel subfield, or identification information subfields of one or more preset anchor channels.
  • the anchor channel quantity subfield is used to indicate the quantity of preset anchor channels.
  • the network device or the terminal device may determine which preset anchor channel identification information subfields are valid and which preset anchor channel identification information subfields are invalid according to the anchor channel quantity subfield.
  • the retransmission subfield is used to indicate the maximum number of times that the first indication information can be attempted to be sent or received on the same preset anchor channel in a cycle of channel availability detection.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel status of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle.
  • the attempt action of the network device sending the first indication information to the terminal device and receiving the confirmation information from the terminal device can be called an attempt.
  • the network device and the terminal device can make an attempt on the first channel to determine whether the channel state of the first channel is idle.
  • the network device and the terminal device may make multiple attempts according to the number of retransmissions indicated by the retransmission subfield, and the upper limit of the number of attempts is the number of retransmissions indicated by the retransmission subfield plus 1.
  • the upper limit of the number of attempts it is determined that the channel state of the first channel is busy, and the first channel is considered unavailable, then the network device and the terminal device switch to the next preset anchor channel, and make multiple attempts on the next preset anchor channel to determine an available preset anchor channel.
  • the terminal device or the network device may also make multiple attempts on the preset anchor channel according to the retransmission subfield.
  • the terminal device and the network device after the terminal device and the network device have made 4 attempts on the main channel, if they determine that the channel status of the main channel is busy, they will switch the channel to the second channel (such as the preset anchor channel 1). Similarly, after the terminal device has made 4 attempts on the preset anchor channel 1, if they determine that the channel status of the preset anchor channel 1 is busy, they will switch the channel to the preset anchor channel 2, and continue the above operations until the preset anchor channel whose channel status is idle is determined. If the terminal device and the network device determine that the channel status is busy after making 4 attempts on all preset anchor channels, the terminal device and the network device return to the main channel.
  • the identification information subfield of each preset anchor channel is used to indicate the identification information of the preset anchor channel.
  • the identification information subfields of the multiple preset anchor channels may be identification information 1 subfield of the preset anchor channel, identification information 2 subfield of the preset anchor channel, identification information 3 subfield of the preset anchor channel, and identification information 4 subfield of the preset anchor channel.
  • the terminal device or the network device may determine the preset anchor channel to be switched according to the order of the identification information subfields of one or more anchor channels.
  • the network device and the terminal device when they determine that the channel status of the first channel is busy after multiple attempts, they can switch to the first preset anchor channel associated with the identification information 1 subfield of the anchor channel. Similarly, the network device and the terminal device can make multiple attempts on the first preset anchor channel. If the channel status of the first preset anchor channel is busy after multiple attempts, the network device and the terminal device can switch to the second preset anchor channel associated with the identification information 2 subfield of the anchor channel, and so on, to determine the preset anchor channel whose channel status is idle.
  • the primary channel subfield is used to indicate identification information of the primary channel.
  • the identification information of the main channel may be location identification information (identity, ID) of the main channel.
  • the network device or the terminal device may determine the position of the preset anchor channel in the channel according to the main channel subfield and the identification information field of each preset anchor channel.
  • the anchor channel subfield may be as shown in FIG. 15 below, where the anchor channel subfield includes: an anchor channel quantity subfield, a retransmission subfield, a primary channel subfield, an identification information 1 subfield of a preset anchor channel, an identification information 2 subfield of a preset anchor channel, an identification information 3 subfield of a preset anchor channel, and an identification information 4 subfield of a preset anchor channel.
  • the anchor channel number subfield and the retransmission subfield are both 2 bits
  • the main channel subfield, the preset anchor channel identification information 1 subfield, the preset anchor channel identification information 2 subfield, the preset anchor channel identification information 3 subfield, and the preset anchor channel identification information 4 subfield are all 4 bits.
  • the indication information may include an SM frame or any other type of frame without limitation.
  • the presence of any subfield of the non-primary channel selection parameter field is deemed to be the presence of the non-primary channel selection parameter field.
  • the second indication information and the fourth indication information are used to indicate the entry into the SM mode, all subfields of the non-primary channel selection parameter field appear or none of them appear; when the second indication information is used to indicate the update of the parameters associated with the SM mode, the subfields of the non-primary channel selection parameter field may appear selectively, that is, the subfield corresponding to the SM parameter that needs to be updated appears.
  • the non-primary channel selection parameter field of the corresponding fourth indication information includes and only includes the subfields included in the non-primary channel selection parameter field of the second indication information.
  • the SM frame may be an SM action frame or a management frame of an SM element.
  • the frame structure of the SM action frame may be as shown in FIG. 16 below.
  • the SM action frame may include: a Category field, a Dialog Token field, a Control field, and a Non-primary Channel Selection field. Parameter field.
  • the category field needs to be reallocated a new category value to indicate that the action frame is an SM action frame, which serves as an identifier of the SM action frame;
  • the dialogue tag field is used to indicate the corresponding negotiation process;
  • the control field and the non-main channel selection parameter field are consistent with the description of the above-mentioned control field and the non-main channel selection parameter field, and are not repeated here.
  • the category field and the dialogue tag field are both 1 8-bit byte; the control field is 1 8-bit byte; and the number of bits in the non-primary channel selection parameter field is variable.
  • the value of the dialogue tag field of the second indication information and the value of the dialogue tag field of the third indication information can be the same value.
  • the frame structure of the SM element may be as shown in Figure 17 below.
  • the SM element frame may include: element identification information (element identity, Element ID) field, length (Length) field, additional element identification information (Element ID Extension) field, control field and non-main channel selection parameter field.
  • the element identification information field and the additional element identification information field need to be reallocated with new element values to indicate that the element frame is an SM element frame;
  • the length field is used to indicate the length of the SM element frame, and the control field and the non-main channel selection parameter field are consistent with the description of the above-mentioned control field and the non-main channel selection parameter field, which will not be repeated here.
  • the element identification information identification number field, the length field, and the additional element identification information field are all 1 8-bit byte; the control field is 1 8-bit byte; and the number of bits of the non-primary channel selection parameter field is variable.
  • the execution subject may execute some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application, and these steps or operations are only examples, and the embodiments of the present application may also execute other operations or variations of various operations.
  • the various steps may be executed in different orders presented in the embodiments of the present application, and it is possible that not all operations in the embodiments of the present application need to be executed.
  • the above mainly introduces the solution provided by the present application from the perspective of interaction between various devices. Accordingly, the present application also provides a communication device, which is used to implement the above various methods.
  • the communication device can be the terminal device involved in the above method embodiment, or a device including the terminal device, or a component that can be used for the terminal device; or the communication device can be the network device involved in the above method embodiment, or a device including the network device, or a component that can be used for the network device; or the communication device can be the terminal device in the above method embodiment, or a device including the above terminal device, or a component that can be used for the terminal device.
  • the communication device includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.
  • the embodiment of the present application can divide the functional modules of the communication device according to the above method embodiment.
  • each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above integrated module can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • FIG18 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device 180.
  • the terminal device 180 includes a processing module 1801 and a transceiver module 1802.
  • the terminal device 180 may also include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 18 ) for storing program instructions and data.
  • the transceiver module 1802 which may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, is used to implement the sending and/or receiving functions.
  • the transceiver module 1802 may be composed of a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface.
  • the transceiver module 1802 may include a receiving module and a sending module, which are respectively used to execute the receiving and sending steps performed by the terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and/or used to support other processes of the technology described herein; the processing module 1801 may be used to execute the processing steps (such as determination, generation, etc.) performed by the terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and/or used to support other processes of the technology described herein.
  • the transceiver module 1802 is used to receive a first indication information from a network device; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel status of a first channel occupied by the network device is idle; the transceiver module 1802 is also used to send confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information to the network device when it is determined that the channel status of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is idle based on the first indication information; the processing module 1801 is used to switch the channel to a second channel at a first preset time point when it is determined that the channel status of the first channel occupied by the terminal device is busy based on the first indication information.
  • the processing module 1801 is further used to determine a second preset time length; the transceiver module 1802 is further used to receive the first indication information from the network device within the second preset time length.
  • processing module 1801 is used to determine a second preset time duration; processing module 1801 is used to switch the channel to a second channel at a first preset time point after the second preset time duration if the first indication information is not received from the network device within the second preset time duration; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle.
  • the transceiver module 1802 is also used to receive a second indication information from the network device; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entry into the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of a channel; the second indication information includes parameters associated with the SM mode; the processing module 1801 is also used to periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, and determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device.
  • the transceiver module 1802 is also used for the second indication information to send the third indication information to the network device; wherein the third indication information is used to indicate the parameters for agreeing to associate with the SM mode.
  • the transceiver module 1802 is also used to send a second indication information to the network device; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entry into the SM mode, and the second indication information includes parameters associated with the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of a channel; the processing module 1801 is also used to periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, and determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device.
  • the transceiver module 1802 is further used to receive third indication information from the network device; wherein the third indication information is used to indicate parameters for agreeing to associate with the SM mode.
  • the transceiver module 1802 is also used to send a second indication message to the network device; wherein the second indication message is used to indicate the initiation of entry into the SM mode; the second indication message does not include parameters associated with the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of a channel; the transceiver module 1802 is also used to receive a fourth indication message from the network device; wherein the fourth indication message includes parameters associated with the SM mode; the processing module 1801 is also used to periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, and determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the terminal device.
  • the transceiver module 1802 is further used to send third indication information to the network device; wherein the third indication information is used to indicate the parameters for agreeing to associate with the SM mode.
  • the processing module 1801 is further configured to determine a second preset duration according to parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the indication information includes a control field
  • the control field includes one or more of the following: a dismantling subfield, an initiation subfield, or a success subfield; wherein the dismantling subfield is used to indicate whether to exit the SM mode; the initiation subfield is used to indicate whether to initiate entry into the SM mode or initiate an update of the SM parameters; the success subfield is used to indicate whether to agree to the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the indication information further includes a non-primary channel selection parameter field, and the non-primary channel selection parameter field is used to indicate parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the non-main channel selection parameter field includes one or more of the following: a first target survival transmission time subfield, a timeout subfield, a time interval subfield, a duration subfield, or an anchor channel subfield; wherein the first target survival transmission time subfield is used to indicate the start time of the first channel availability detection; the timeout subfield is used to indicate the maximum duration of the network device to complete sending the first indication information to the terminal device in combination with the duration of the frame carried by the first indication information; the time interval subfield is used to indicate the period of channel availability detection; the duration subfield is used to indicate the duration of the SM mode starting from the time value carried by the first target survival transmission subfield; the anchor channel subfield is used to indicate the parameters associated with the preset anchor channel.
  • the anchor channel subfield includes one or more of the following: an anchor channel quantity subfield, a retransmission subfield, a primary channel subfield, or one or more preset anchor channel identification information subfields; wherein the anchor channel quantity subfield is used to indicate the number of preset anchor channels; the retransmission subfield is used to indicate the maximum number of times that the same preset anchor channel can attempt to send or receive the first indication information in a cycle of channel availability detection; the first indication information is used to indicate the first indication information occupied by the network device.
  • the channel status of the channel is idle; the main channel subfield is used to indicate the identification information of the main channel; and the identification information subfield of each preset anchor channel is used to indicate the identification information of the preset anchor channel.
  • the control field also includes one or more of the following: a first target survival transmission time subfield, a timeout subfield, a time interval subfield, an anchor channel subfield, and a duration subfield; wherein the first target survival transmission time subfield is used to indicate whether the first target survival transmission time subfield appears; the timeout subfield is used to indicate whether the time interval subfield appears; the anchor channel subfield is used to indicate whether the anchor channel subfield appears; and the duration subfield is used to indicate whether the duration subfield appears.
  • the transceiver module 1802 is also used to send a fifth indication message to the network device; wherein the fifth indication message is used to indicate exiting the SM mode; the transceiver module 1802 is also used to receive confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication message from the network device; and the processing module 1801 is also used to exit the SM mode according to the confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication message.
  • the processing module 1801 is further used to determine the duration of the SM mode according to the parameters associated with the SM mode; the processing module 1801 is further used to exit the SM mode after the duration.
  • the transceiver module 1802 is also used to receive a fifth indication information from the network device; wherein the fifth indication information is used to indicate exiting the SM mode; and the processing module 1801 is also used to exit the SM mode according to the fifth indication information.
  • the fifth indication information includes a control field
  • the control field includes one or more of the following: a dismantling subfield, an initiation subfield, or a success subfield; wherein the dismantling subfield is used to indicate whether to exit the SM mode; the initiation subfield is used to indicate whether to initiate entry into the SM mode or update the parameters of the SM mode; the success subfield is used to indicate whether to agree to the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the terminal device 180 is presented in the form of dividing various functional modules in an integrated manner.
  • the "module” here may refer to an ASIC, a circuit, a processor and a memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, an integrated logic circuit, and/or other devices that can provide the above functions.
  • the terminal device 180 may take the form of the communication device 30 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the function/implementation process of the processing module 1801 in FIG18 can be implemented by the processor 301 in the communication device 30 shown in FIG3 calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 303.
  • the function/implementation process of the transceiver module 1802 in FIG18 can be implemented by the communication interface 304 in the communication device 30 shown in FIG3.
  • the function/implementation process of the transceiver module 1802 can be implemented through the input and output interface (or communication interface) of the chip or the chip system, and the function/implementation process of the processing module 1801 can be implemented through the processor (or processing circuit) of the chip or the chip system.
  • the terminal device 180 provided in this embodiment can execute the above method, the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above method embodiments and will not be repeated here.
  • FIG19 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a network device 190.
  • the network device 190 includes a processing module 1901 and a transceiver module 1902.
  • the network device 190 may also include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 19 ) for storing program instructions and data.
  • the transceiver module 1902 which may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, is used to implement the sending and/or receiving functions.
  • the transceiver module 1902 may be composed of a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface.
  • the transceiver module 1902 may include a receiving module and a sending module, which are respectively used to execute the receiving and sending steps performed by the network device in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and/or used to support other processes of the technology described herein; the processing module 1901 may be used to execute the processing steps (such as determination, generation, etc.) performed by the network device in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and/or used to support other processes of the technology described herein.
  • a processing module 1901 is used to determine the channel state of a first channel occupied by a network device; a transceiver module 1902 is used to send a first indication message to a terminal device when the channel state is idle; wherein the first indication message is used to indicate that the channel state of a first channel occupied by the network device is idle; the transceiver module 1902 is also used to receive confirmation information corresponding to the first indication information from the terminal device; the processing module 1901 is also used to switch the channel to a second channel at a first preset time point according to the first indication information.
  • the processing module 1901 is further used to determine a second preset time length; the transceiver module 1902 is further used to send the first indication information to the terminal device within the second preset time length.
  • processing module 1901 is used to determine the channel status of a first channel occupied by a network device; processing module 1901 is also used to determine a second preset time length; processing module 1901 is also used to switch the channel to a second channel at a first preset time point after the second preset time length when the channel status is busy.
  • the transceiver module 1902 is also used to send a second indication information to the terminal device; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entering the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of a channel; the second indication information includes parameters associated with the SM mode; the processing module 1901 is also used to periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, and determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device.
  • the transceiver module 1902 is further used to receive third indication information from the terminal device; wherein the third indication information is used to indicate parameters for agreeing to associate with the SM mode.
  • the transceiver module 1902 is also used to receive a second indication information from the terminal device; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entry into the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of a channel; the second indication signal includes parameters associated with the SM mode; the processing module 1901 is also used to periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, and determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device.
  • the transceiver module 1902 is also used to send a third indication information to the terminal device; wherein the third indication information is used to indicate the parameters for agreeing to associate with the SM mode.
  • the transceiver module 1902 is also used to receive a second indication information from the terminal device; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate the initiation of entry into the SM mode; the second indication information does not include parameters associated with the SM mode; the SM mode is a mode for periodically determining the channel state of a channel; the transceiver module 1902 is also used to send a fourth indication information to the terminal device; wherein the fourth indication information includes parameters associated with the SM mode; the processing module 1901 is also used to periodically perform channel availability detection according to the parameters associated with the SM mode, and determine the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device.
  • the transceiver module 1902 is further used to receive third indication information from the terminal device; wherein the third indication information is used to indicate parameters for agreeing to associate with the SM mode.
  • the processing module 1901 is further used to determine the second preset duration according to the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the indication information includes a control field
  • the control field includes one or more of the following: a dismantling subfield, an initiation subfield, or a success subfield; wherein the dismantling subfield is used to indicate whether to exit the SM mode; the initiation subfield is used to indicate whether to initiate entry into the SM mode; and the success subfield is used to indicate whether to agree to the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the indication information further includes a non-primary channel selection parameter field, and the non-primary channel selection parameter field is used to indicate parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the non-main channel selection parameter field includes one or more of the following: a first target survival transmission time subfield, a timeout subfield, a time interval subfield, a duration subfield, or an anchor channel subfield; wherein the first target survival transmission time subfield is used to indicate the start time of the first channel availability detection; the timeout subfield is used to indicate the maximum duration of the network device to complete sending the first indication information to the terminal device in combination with the duration of the frame carried by the first indication information; the time interval subfield is used to indicate the period of channel availability detection; the duration subfield is used to indicate the duration of the SM mode starting from the time value carried by the first target survival transmission subfield; the anchor channel subfield is used to indicate the parameters associated with the preset anchor channel.
  • the anchor channel subfield includes one or more of the following: an anchor channel quantity subfield, a retransmission subfield, a main channel subfield, or one or more preset anchor channel identification information subfields; wherein, the anchor channel quantity subfield is used to indicate the number of preset anchor channels; the retransmission subfield is used to indicate the maximum number of attempts to send or receive first indication information on the same preset anchor channel in a cycle of channel availability detection; the first indication information is used to indicate that the channel state of the first channel occupied by the network device is idle; the main channel subfield is used to indicate the identification information of the main channel; the identification information subfield of each preset anchor channel is used to indicate the identification information of the preset anchor channel.
  • the control field also includes one or more of the following: a first target survival transmission time subfield, a timeout subfield, a time interval subfield, an anchor channel subfield, and a duration subfield; wherein the first target survival transmission time subfield is used to indicate whether the first target survival transmission time subfield appears; the timeout subfield is used to indicate whether the time interval subfield appears; the anchor channel subfield is used to indicate whether the anchor channel subfield appears; and the duration subfield is used to indicate whether the duration subfield appears.
  • the transceiver module 1902 is further configured to receive fifth indication information from the terminal device; Among them, the fifth indication information is used to indicate the exit from the SM mode; the transceiver module 1902 is also used to send confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information to the terminal device; the processing module 1901 is also used to exit the SM mode according to the confirmation information corresponding to the fifth indication information.
  • the processing module 1901 is further used to determine the duration of the SM mode according to the parameters associated with the SM mode; the processing module 1901 is further used to exit the SM mode after the duration.
  • the transceiver module 1902 is also used to send a fifth indication information to the terminal device; wherein the fifth indication information is used to indicate exiting the SM mode; and the processing module 1901 is also used to exit the SM mode.
  • the fifth indication information includes a control field
  • the control field includes one or more of the following: a dismantling subfield, an initiation subfield, or a success subfield; wherein the dismantling subfield is used to indicate whether to exit the SM mode; the initiation subfield is used to indicate whether to initiate entry into the SM mode; and the success subfield is used to indicate whether to agree to the parameters associated with the SM mode.
  • the network device 190 is presented in the form of dividing various functional modules in an integrated manner.
  • the "module” here may refer to an ASIC, a circuit, a processor and a memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, an integrated logic circuit, and/or other devices that can provide the above functions.
  • the network device 190 may take the form of the communication apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the function/implementation process of the processing module 1901 in FIG19 can be implemented by the processor 301 in the communication device 30 shown in FIG3 calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 303.
  • the function/implementation process of the transceiver module 1902 in FIG19 can be implemented by the communication interface 304 in the communication device 30 shown in FIG3.
  • the function/implementation process of the transceiver module 1902 can be implemented through the input and output interface (or communication interface) of the chip or the chip system, and the function/implementation process of the processing module 1901 can be implemented through the processor (or processing circuit) of the chip or the chip system.
  • the network device 190 provided in this embodiment can execute the above method, the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above method embodiments and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device or network device described in the embodiments of the present application can also be implemented using the following: one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), programmable logic devices (PLD), controllers, state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuits, or any combination of circuits that can perform the various functions described throughout the present application.
  • FPGA field programmable gate arrays
  • PLD programmable logic devices
  • controllers state machines
  • gate logic discrete hardware components
  • discrete hardware components any other suitable circuits, or any combination of circuits that can perform the various functions described throughout the present application.
  • the terminal device or network device described in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented by a general bus architecture.
  • Figure 20 is a structural diagram of a communication device 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 200 includes a processor 2001 and a transceiver 2002.
  • the communication device 200 can be a terminal device, or a chip or module therein; or, the communication device 200 can be a network device, or a chip or module therein.
  • Figure 8 only shows the main components of the communication device 200.
  • the communication device may further include a memory 2003.
  • the processor 2001 is mainly used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and to control the entire communication device, execute the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the memory 2003 is mainly used to store the software program and data.
  • the transceiver 2002 may include a radio frequency circuit and an antenna.
  • the radio frequency circuit is mainly used to convert the baseband signal and the radio frequency signal and to process the radio frequency signal.
  • the antenna is mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • the processor 2001, the transceiver 2002, and the memory 2003 may be connected via a communication bus.
  • the processor 2001 can read the software program in the memory 2003, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor 2001 performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and then sends the radio frequency signal outward in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna.
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 2001.
  • the processor 2001 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.
  • the RF circuit and antenna may be arranged independently of the processor performing baseband processing.
  • the RF circuit and antenna may be arranged independently of the communication device in a remote manner.
  • the present application also provides a communication device, which includes a processor, and is used to implement the method in any of the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device can be a terminal device or a network device in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device further includes a memory.
  • the memory is used to store necessary computer programs and data.
  • the computer program may include instructions, and the processor may call the instructions in the computer program stored in the memory to instruct the communication device.
  • the memory may not be in the communication device.
  • the communication device also includes an interface circuit, which is a code/data read/write interface circuit, which is used to receive computer execution instructions (computer execution instructions are stored in a memory, may be read directly from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmit them to the processor.
  • an interface circuit which is a code/data read/write interface circuit, which is used to receive computer execution instructions (computer execution instructions are stored in a memory, may be read directly from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmit them to the processor.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the communication interface is used to communicate with a module outside the communication device.
  • the communication device can be a chip or a chip system.
  • the communication device can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program or instruction is stored.
  • a computer program or instruction is stored on which a computer program or instruction is stored.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, which implements the functions of any of the above method embodiments when executed by a computer.
  • the systems, devices and methods described in the present application can also be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, i.e., they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed over multiple network units.
  • the components shown as units may or may not be physical units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above embodiments it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • a software program it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes (or functions) described in the embodiments of the present application are implemented.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or may contain one or more servers, data centers and other data storage devices that can be integrated with the medium.
  • the available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid state drive (SSD)).
  • the computer may include the aforementioned device.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

一种通信方法及装置，涉及通信技术领域，能够避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，减少隐藏节点带来的负面影响，提升通信的可靠性。该方法包括：终端设备接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；根据第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，向网络设备发送第一指示信息对应的确认信息；或者，根据接收到第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；第二信道为预设锚点信道。

Description

通信方法及装置
本申请要求于2023年8月28日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202311097360.3、申请名称为“通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其是涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
在通信系统中，网络设备和终端设备进行通信时，需要检测信道的信道状态，当信道状态为空闲时，可以占用该信道进行通信。
但是，隐藏节点的问题可能导致网络设备和终端设备间通信失败。例如，以终端设备在两个网络设备(即网络设备1和网络设备2)的覆盖范围内，且两个网络设备的距离较远或者两个网络设备间存在障碍物为例，当网络设备1检测到第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，可以占用第一信道与终端设备进行通信；由于网络设备1和网络设备2的距离较远或者网络设备1和网络设备2之间存在障碍物，网络设备2可能无法检测到网络设备1正占用第一信道；网络设备2会在检测到第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，占用第一信道与终端设备进行通信，导致网络设备1和网络设备2同时占用第一信道发送报文，导致报文发生碰撞，终端设备无法正确接收网络设备1的报文，通信失败。其中，网络设备1对于网络设备2来说是隐藏节点。同样的，网络设备2对于网络设备1来说也是隐藏节点。
因此，如何避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，提高网络设备和终端设备间的通信可靠性成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，能够避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，减少隐藏节点带来的负面影响，提升通信的可靠性。其中，网络设备可以是接入点(access point，AP)，终端设备可以是非接入点站点(non-AP station，non-AP STA)。
第一方面，提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由终端设备执行，也可以由终端设备的部件，例如，终端设备的处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等执行，还可以由能实现全部或部分终端设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。下述以该方法由终端设备执行为例，该方法包括：终端设备接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；根据接收到第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，向网络设备发送第一指示信息对应的确认信息；或者，根据接收到第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。其中，当终端设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数允许时，第二信道为第一信道；当终端设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数已达上限，但仍有预设锚点信道未经测试时，第二信道为下一预设锚点信道；当终端设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数已达上限，且所有预设锚点信道都已测试完毕时，第二信道为主信道。
基于第一方面，终端设备可以根据第一指示信息，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；当确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，终端设备可以向网络设备发送第一指示信息对应的确认信息，以使网络设备确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲，进而网络设备可以在第一信道上与终端设备进行通信，避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，可以减少隐藏节点带来的负面影响，保证通信的可靠性；当确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，终端设备可以在第一预设时间点，切换到第二信道，网络设备也可以在没有接收到第一指示信息对应的确认信息的情况下，在第一预设时间点与终端设备同时切换到第二信道。
即网络设备和终端设备可以测试是否可以通过第一信道进行通信，如果网络设备和终端设备都确定第一信道的信道状态为空闲，则可以通过第一信道进行通信，否则，均切换到第二信道，进而可以继续测试是否可以通过第二信道进行通信。从而避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，可以减少隐藏节点带来的负面影响，提升通信可靠性。
一种可能的实现中，终端设备确定第二预设时长；在第二预设时长内，完成来自网络设备的第一指示信息的接收。
基于该可能的实现，通过确定第二预设时长，可以使终端设备不用在第二预设时长以外的时间内等待接收第一指示信息，可以降低通信开销，提高终端设备和网络设备间的信息交互的效率。
第二方面，提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由终端设备执行，也可以由终端设备的部件，例如，终端设备的处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等执行，还可以由能实现全部或部分终端设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。下述以该方法由终端设备执行为例，该方法包括：终端设备确定第二预设时长；如果在第二预设时长内未接收到来自网络设备的第一指示信息，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道；其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。其中，当终端设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数允许时，第二信道为第一信道；当终端设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数已达上限，但仍有预设锚点信道未经测试时，第二信道为下一预设锚点信道；当终端设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数已达上限，且所有预设锚点信道都已测试完毕时，第二信道为主信道。
基于第二方面，网络设备和终端设备可以测试是否可以通过第一信道进行通信，如果终端设备没有在第二预设时长内接收到第一指示信息，则可以确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙；同时，终端设备在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道，可以保证和网络设备同时切换到第二信道，进而网络设备和终端设备可以继续测试是否可以通过第二信道进行通信。从而避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，可以减少隐藏节点带来的负面影响，提升通信可靠性。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息；根据生存监测(survival monitoring，SM)模式(mode)关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定终端网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以根据第二指示信息进入SM模式，并根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，为终端设备进行信道可用性检测提供一种可行性方案。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备根据第二指示信息，向网络设备发送第三指示信息；SM模式关联的参数在终端设备生效。其中，第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数；SM模式关联的参数在终端设备生效的时间为终端设备完成第三指示信息对应的确认信息的接收时刻。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以通过向网络设备发送第三指示信息，使网络设备确定终端设备同意第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备根据第二指示信息，向网络设备发送第三指示信息；SM模式关联的参数在终端设备不生效。其中，第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；第三指示信息用于指示不同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以通过向网络设备发送第三指示信息，使网络设备确定终端设备不同意第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备向网络设备发送第二指示信息；根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态；其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新，第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以向网络设备发送第二指示信息，可以使网络设备根据第二指示信息进入SM模式，并根据SM模式关联的参数周期性进行信道可用性检测，为网络设备进行信道可用性检测提供一种可行性方案；或者，进行SM模式关联的参数更新，可以使网络设备根据第二指示信息进行SM模式更新，并根据SM模式关联的新参数周期性进行信道可用性检测。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第三指示信息；SM模式关联的参数在终端设备生效。其中，第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数；SM模式关联的参数在终端设备生效的时间为终端设备发送的第三指示信息对应的确认信息的发送完成的时刻。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以根据第三指示信息，确定网络设备同意第二指示信息的SM模式 关联的参数。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备向网络设备发送第二指示信息；接收来自网络设备的第四指示信息；根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态；其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新；第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；第四指示信息用于指示不同意SM模式关联的参数；第四指示信息包括SM模式关联的新参数。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以向网络设备发送第二指示信息，可以使网络设备根据第二指示信息确定终端设备的SM模式关联的参数；终端设备没有接收到网络设备发送的同意SM模式关联的参数的信息时，可以使网络设备发送第四指示信息，使终端设备确定当前可以使用的SM模式关联的新参数，为终端设备进行信道可用性检测提供一种可行性方案。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备向网络设备发送第二指示信息；接收来自网络设备的第四指示信息；根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态；其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新；第二指示信息不包括SM模式关联的参数；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；第四指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，当终端设备无法确定SM模式关联的参数时，终端设备可以向网络设备发送不包括SM模式关联的参数的第二指示信息，可以使网络设备发送第四指示信息；终端设备可以根据第四指示信息进入SM模式，并根据SM模式关联的参数周期性进行信道可用性检测，为终端设备进行信道可用性检测提供一种可行性方案。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第四指示信息；终端设备向网络设备发送第三指示信息；SM模式关联的参数在终端设备生效。其中，第四指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数；SM模式关联的参数在终端设备生效的时间为终端设备发送的第三指示信息对应的确认信息的发送完成的时刻。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备向网络设备发送第三指示信息，可以使网络设备确定终端设备同意第四指示信息的SM模式关联的参数。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第四指示信息；终端设备向网络设备发送第三指示信息；SM模式关联的参数在终端设备不生效。其中，第四指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；第三指示信息用于指示不同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备向网络设备发送第三指示信息，可以使网络设备确定终端设备不同意第四指示信息的SM模式关联的参数。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，指示信息包括控制(Control)字段，控制字段包括下述一种或多种：拆除(Teardown)子字段、发起(Initiation)子字段、和成功(Success)子字段；其中，拆除子字段用于指示是否退出SM模式；发起子字段用于指示是否发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新；成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，拆除子字段可以指示是否退出SM模式，可以确定指示信息是否为第五指示信息；发起子字段可以指示是否发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新，可以确定指示信息是否为第二指示信息；成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数，可以和拆除子字段、发起子字段一起用于第三指示信息、或第四指示信息。
基于第一方面、第二方面，一种可能的实现中，第二指示信息和第四指示信息还包括非主信道选择参数(non-primary channel selection parameters，NPCS Parameters)字段，非主信道选择参数字段用于指示SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，主信道选择参数字段可以指示SM模式关联的参数，终端设备可以根据主信道选择参数字段周期性检测信道的信道状态。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，非主信道选择参数字段包括下述一种或多种：第一目标生存传输时间(first time survival transmission time，First TSTT)子字段、超时(Timeout)子字段、时间间隔(Period)子字段、持续时长(Duration)子字段、或锚点信道(Anchor Channels)子字段；其中，第一目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示第一次信道可用性检测的起始时间；超时子字段用于指示网 络设备向终端设备发送第一指示信息的持续时长的最大值信道可用性检测的持续时长的最大值；时间间隔子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的周期；持续时长子字段用于指示从第一目标生存传输时间子字段开始，SM模式的持续时长；锚点信道子字段用于指示预设锚点信道关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以根据第一目标生存传输时间子字段和时间间隔子字段，周期性进行信道可用性检测；终端设备可以根据超时子字段确定接收第一指示信息的时间，也可以根据超时子字段确定是否切换到第二信道；终端设备可以根据持续时长子字段确定SM模式的持续时长，也可以根据时长子字段确定是否发送第五指示信息；终端设备可以根据锚点信道子字段确定需要切换到的第二信道，可以和网络设备同时切换到同一第二信道。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，Anchor Channels子字段包括下述一种或多种：锚点信道数量(number of anchor channels，Number Of AnCHs)子字段、重传(Retransmission)子字段、主信道(Primary)子字段、一个或多个预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段；其中，锚点信道数量子字段用于指示预设锚点信道的个数；重传子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的一个周期中同一预设锚点信道上可尝试发送或接收第一指示信息的最大次数；第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；主信道子字段用于指示主信道的标识信息；每个预设锚点的标识信息子字段用于指示预设锚点信道的标识信息。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以根据锚点信道子字段确定预设锚点信道的个数、重传的次数、主信道的标识信息、多个预设锚点信道的顺序以及每个预设锚点信道的标识信息，确定可以切换的第二信道。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，控制字段还包括下述一种或多种：第一存在目标生存传输时间(Firest TSTT Present)子字段、存在超时(Timeout Present)子字段、存在时间间隔(Period Present)子字段、存在锚点信道(Anchor Channels Present)子字段、存在持续时长(Duration Present)子字段；其中，第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示第一目标生存传输时间子字段是否出现；存在超时子字段用于指示超时子字段是否出现；存在时间间隔子字段用于指示时间间隔子字段是否出现；存在锚点信道子字段用于指示锚点信道子字段是否出现；存在持续时间子字段用于指示持续时间子字段是否出现。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以根据控制字段的第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段、存在超时子字段、存在时间间隔子字段、存在锚点信道子字段、存在持续时长子字段确定非主信道选择参数字段中的第一目标生存传输时间子字段、超时子字段、时间间隔子字段、持续时间子字段、或锚点信道字段是否出现。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备根据SM模式关联的参数中的超时(Timeout)子字段，确定第二预设时长与第一预设时间点。其中，第二预设时长为超时子字段承载的时长与第一指示信息所承载在的帧的持续时长之和；第一预设时间点为，因此次终端设备没有在第二预设时长内完成第一指示信息的接收而需要跳转至第二信道的时刻。
基于该可能的实现，由于SM模式关联的参数根据实际通信情况确定，因此，终端设备可以根据SM模式关联的参数动态确定第二预设时长与第一预设时间点，同时，终端设备可以根据不同的情况确定不同的SM模式关联的参数，可以有效提升终端设备和网络设备的通信性能。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备向网络设备发送第五指示信息；接收来自网络设备的第五指示信息对应的确认信息；根据第五指示信息对应的确认信息，退出SM模式；其中，第五指示信息用于指示退出SM模式；退出SM模式的时间为终端设备接收对应确认信息的完成时刻。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备根据实际情况选择是否退出SM模式，如果终端设备需要退出SM模式，可以向网络设备发送第五指示信息，可以使网络设备根据第五指示信息确定终端设备退出SM模式；终端设备接收第五指示信息的确认信息，可以确定网络设备同意退出SM模式，可以使终端设备和网络设备退出SM模式。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备根据SM模式关联的参数，确定SM模式的持续时长；在持续时长之后，退出SM模式。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备根据SM模式关联的参数，退出SM模式，与上述终端设备发送第五指示信息相比，可以降低传输开销。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第五指示信息；发送来自网络设备的第五指示信息对应的确认信息；根据第五指示信息，退出SM模式。其中，第五指示信息用于指示退出SM模式；退出SM模式的时间为终端设备发送对应确认信息的完成时刻。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第五指示信息，可以根据第五指示信息确定网络设备要退出SM模式，可以使终端设备和网络设备退出SM模式。
基于第一方面和第二方面，一种可能的实现中，第五指示信息包括控制字段，控制字段包括下述一种或多种：拆除子字段、发起子字段、或成功子字段；其中，拆除子字段用于指示是否退出SM模式；发起子字段用于指示是否发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新；成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，拆除子字段可以指示是否退出SM模式，可以确定指示信息是否为第五指示信息；发起子字段可以指示是否发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新，可以确定指示信息是否为第二指示信息；成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数，可以和拆除子字段、发起子字段一起用于第三指示信息、或第四指示信息。
第三方面，提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由网络设备执行，也可以由网络设备的部件，例如，网络设备的处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等执行，还可以由能实现全部或部分网络设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。下述以该方法由网络设备执行为例，该方法包括：网络设备确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态；当信道状态为空闲时，向终端设备发送第一指示信息；接收来自终端设备的第一指示信息对应的确认信息；或者，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。其中，当网络设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数允许时，第二信道为第一信道；当网络设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数已达上限，但仍有预设锚点信道未经测试时，第二信道为下一预设锚点信道；当网络设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数已达上限，且所有预设锚点信道都已测试完毕时，第二信道为主信道。
基于第三方面，网络设备在网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，向终端设备发送第一指示信息，可以使终端设备根据第一指示信息，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；当网络设备接收来自终端设备的第一指示信息对应的确认信息时，网络设备可以确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲，进而网络设备可以在第一信道上与终端设备进行通信，避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，保证通信的可靠性；当网络设备未收到来自终端设备的第一指示信息对应的确认信息时，网络设备可以在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
即网络设备和终端设备可以测试是否可以通过第一信道进行通信，如果网络设备和终端设备都确定第一信道的信道状态为空闲，则可以通过第一信道进行通信，否则，均切换到第二信道，进而可以继续测试是否可以通过第二信道进行通信。从而避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，可以减少隐藏节点带来的负面影响，提升通信可靠性。
一种可能的实现中，网络设备确定第二预设时长；在第二预设时长内，完成向终端设备发送第一指示信息。
基于该可能的实现，通过确定第二预设时长，可以使网络设备在第二预设时长内完成向终端设备发送第一指示信息，可以使终端设备不用在第二预设时长以外的时间内等待接收第一指示信息，可以降低通信开销，提高终端设备和网络设备间的信息交互的效率。
第四方面，提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由网络设备执行，也可以由网络设备的部件，例如，网络设备的处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等执行，还可以由能实现全部或部分网络设备功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。下述以该方法由网络设备执行为例，该方法包括：网络设备确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态；确定第二预设时长；当信道状态为繁忙时，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。其中，当网络设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数允许时，第二信道为第一信道；当网络设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数已达上限，但仍有预设锚点信道未经测试时，第二信道为下一预设锚点信道；当网络设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数已达上限，且所有预设锚点信道都已测试完毕时，第二信道为主信道。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备和终端设备可以测试是否可以通过第一信道进行通信，如果网络设备没有在第二预设时长内发送第一指示信息，则可以使终端设备确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状 态为繁忙；同时，网络设备在第一预设时间点将信道切换到第二信道，可以保证终端设备和网络设备同时切换到第二信道，进而网络设备和终端设备可以继续测试是否可以通过第二信道进行通信。从而避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，可以减少隐藏节点带来的负面影响，提升通信可靠性。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备向终端设备发送第二指示信息，根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备向终端设备发送第二指示信息，可以使终端设备根据第二指示信息进入SM模式，并根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，为终端设备进行信道可用性检测提供一种可行性方案。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第三指示信息；SM模式关联的参数在网络设备生效。其中，第三指示信息用于回应网络设备发送的第二指示信息；第二指示信息包含SM模式关联的参数；第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备可以根据第三指示信息，确定终端设备同意第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第三指示信息；SM模式关联的参数在网络设备不生效。其中，第三指示信息用于回应网络设备发送的第二指示信息；第二指示信息包含SM模式关联的参数；第三指示信息用于指示不同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备可以根据第三指示信息，确定终端设备不同意第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第二指示信息，根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新，第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备可以根据第二指示信息进入SM模式，并根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，为网络设备进行信道可用性检测提供一种可行性方案；或者，进行SM模式关联的参数更新，可以使网络设备根据第二指示信息进行SM模式更新，并根据SM模式关联的新参数周期性进行信道可用性检测。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备向终端设备发送第三指示信息；SM模式关联的参数在网络设备生效。其中，第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数；SM模式关联的参数在网络设备生效的时间为网络设备完成第三指示信息对应的确认信息的接收的时刻。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备向终端设备发送第三指示信息，可以使终端设备根据第三指示信息，确定网络设备同意第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第二指示信息；向终端设备发送第四指示信息；根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新；第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；第四指示信息包括SM模式关联的新参数。
基于该可能的实现，当网络设备接收到包括SM模式关联的参数的第二指示信息时，网络设备可以不同意终端设备发送的SM模式关联的参数，并向终端设备发送包括SM模式关联的新参数的第四指示信息，可以使终端设备根据第四指示信息进入SM模式，并根据SM模式关联的新参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，为终端设备进行信道可用性检测提供一种可行性方案。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第二指示信息；向终端设备发送第四指示信息；根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新；第二指示信息不包括SM模式关联的参数；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；第四指示 信息包括SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，当网络设备接收到不包括SM模式关联的参数的第二指示信息时，网络设备可以向终端设备发送包括SM模式关联的第四指示信息，可以使终端设备根据第四指示信息进入SM模式，并根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，为终端设备进行信道可用性检测提供一种可行性方案。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备向终端设备发送第四指示信息；网络设备接收来自终端设备的第三指示信息；SM模式关联的参数在网络设备生效。其中，第四指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数；SM模式关联的参数在网络设备生效的时间为终端设备完成第三指示信息对应的确认信息的接收的时刻。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备可以根据第三指示信息，确定终端设备同意第四指示信息的SM模式关联的参数。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备向终端设备发送第四指示信息；网络设备接收来自终端设备的第三指示信息；SM模式关联的参数在网络设备不生效。其中，第四指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；第三指示信息用于指示不同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备可以根据第三指示信息，确定终端设备不同意第四指示信息的SM模式关联的参数。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，指示信息包括控制字段，控制字段包括下述一种或多种：拆除子字段、发起子字段、或成功子字段；其中，拆除子字段用于指示是否退出SM模式；发起子字段用于指示是否发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新；成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，拆除子字段可以指示是否退出SM模式，可以确定指示信息是否为第五指示信息；发起子字段可以指示是否发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新，可以确定指示信息是否为第二指示信息；成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数，可以和拆除子字段、发起子字段一起用于第三指示信息、或第四指示信息。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，第二指示信息和第四指示信息还包括非主信道选择参数字段，非主信道选择参数字段用于指示SM模式关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，主信道选择参数字段可以指示SM模式关联的参数，终端设备可以根据主信道选择参数字段周期性检测信道的信道状态。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，非主信道选择参数字段包括下述一种或多种：第一目标生存传输时间子字段、超时子字段、时间间隔子字段、持续时长子字段、或锚点信道子字段；其中，第一目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示第一次信道可用性检测的起始时间；超时子字段用于指示网络设备向终端设备发送第一指示信息的持续时长的最大值信道；时间间隔子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的周期；持续时长子字段用于指示从第一目标生存传输时间子字段开始，SM模式的持续时长；锚点信道子字段用于指示预设锚点信道关联的参数。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以根据第一目标生存传输时间子字段和时间间隔子字段，周期性进行信道可用性检测；终端设备可以根据超时子字段确定接收第一指示信息的时间，也可以根据超时子字段确定是否切换到第二信道；终端设备可以根据持续时长子字段确定SM模式的持续时长，也可以根据时长子字段确定是否发送第五指示信息；终端设备可以根据锚点信道子字段确定需要切换到的第二信道，可以和网络设备同时切换到同一第二信道。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，Anchor Channels子字段包括下述一种或多种：锚点信道数量子字段、重传子字段、主信道子字段、一个或多个预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段；其中，锚点信道数量子字段用于指示预设锚点信道的个数；重传子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的一个周期中同一预设锚点信道上可尝试发送或接收第一指示信息的最大次数；第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；主信道子字段用于指示主信道的标识信息；每个预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段用于指示预设锚点信道的标识信息。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以根据锚点信道子字段确定预设锚点信道的个数、重传的次数、主信道的标识信息、多个预设锚点信道的顺序以及每个预设锚点信道的标识信息，确定可以切换的第二信 道。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，控制字段还包括下述一种或多种：第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段、存在超时子字段、存在时间间隔子字段、存在锚点信道子字段、存在持续时长子字段；其中，第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示第一目标生存传输时间子字段是否出现；存在超时子字段用于指示超时子字段是否出现；存在时间间隔子字段用于指示时间间隔子字段是否出现；存在锚点信道子字段用于指示锚点信道子字段是否出现；存在持续时间子字段用于指示持续时间子字段是否出现。
基于该可能的实现，终端设备可以根据控制字段的第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段、存在超时子字段、存在时间间隔子字段、存在锚点信道子字段、存在持续时长子字段确定非主信道选择参数字段中的第一目标生存传输时间子字段、超时子字段、时间间隔子字段、持续时间子字段、或锚点信道字段是否出现。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备根据SM模式关联的参数中的超时(Timeout)子字段，确定第二预设时长与第一预设时间点。其中，第二预设时长为超时子字段承载的时长与第一指示信息所承载在的帧的持续时长之和；第一预设时间点为，因此次终端设备没有在第二预设时长内完成第一指示信息的接收而需要跳转至第二信道的时刻。
基于该可能的实现，由于SM模式关联的参数根据实际通信情况确定，因此，网络设备可以根据SM模式关联的参数动态确定第二预设时长与第一预设时间点，同时，终端设备可以根据不同的情况确定不同的SM模式关联的参数，可以有效提升终端设备和网络设备的通信性能。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第五指示信息；网络设备向终端设备发送第五指示信息对应的确认信息；退出SM模式。其中，第五指示信息用于指示退出SM模式；退出SM模式的时间为网络设备发送对应确认信息的完成时刻。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备可以根据第五指示信息，确定终端设备退出SM模式；网络设备向终端设备发送第五指示信息对应的确认信息，可以使终端设备确定网络设备同意退出SM模式，可以使网络设备和终端设备退出SM模式。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备根据SM模式关联的参数，确定SM模式的持续时长；在持续时长之后，退出SM模式。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备根据SM模式关联的参数，退出SM模式，与上述终端设备发送第五指示信息相比，可以降低传输开销。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备向终端设备发送第五指示信息；根据第五指示信息，退出SM模式。其中，第五指示信息用于指示退出SM模式；退出SM模式的时间为网络设备接收对应的确认信息的完成时刻。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备需要退出SM模式时，可以向终端设备发送第五指示信息，可以使终端设备根据第五指示信息，确定网络设备退出SM模式，可以使网络设备和终端设备退出SM模式。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备向终端设备发送第五指示信息；接收来自终端设备的第五指示信息对应的确认信息；根据第五指示信息对应的确认信息，退出SM模式。其中，第五指示信息用于指示退出SM模式；退出SM模式的时间为网络设备接收对应的确认信息的完成时刻。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备需要退出SM模式时，可以向终端设备发送第五指示信息，可以使终端设备根据第五指示信息，确定网络设备退出SM模式；终端设备可以向网络设备发送第五指示信息对应的确认信息，可以使网端设备确定终络设备同意退出SM模式，可以使网络设备和终端设备退出SM模式。
基于第三方面和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，第五指示信息包括控制字段，控制字段包括下述一种或多种：拆除子字段、发起子字段、或成功子字段；其中，拆除子字段用于指示是否退出SM模式；发起子字段用于指示是否发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新；成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备和终端设备在满足第一预设条件的情况下，可以不通过第一指示信息的交互而完成信道可用性检测。其中，第一预设条件为网络设备与终端设备正在通信。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备和终端设备可以直接确认二者可以在当前信道进行通信，避免无效测试，降低开销。
基于第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备和终端设备在满足第二预设条件的情况下，可以不通过第一指示信息的交互而完成信道可用性检测。其中，第二预设条件为下述一种或多种：网络设备与终端设备正在通信；终端设备可以检测到网络设备与其他设备正在通信；网络设备可以检测到终端设备与其它设备正在通信。
基于该可能的实现，网络设备和终端设备可以直接确认所有主信道与预设锚点信道均不可用于二者之间的通信，避免无效测试，降低开销。
基于第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、和第四方面，一种可能的实现中，网络设备和终端设备从第一信道切换到第二信道的行为应解释为，网络设备和终端设备以第二信道为临时主信道进行通信。
第五方面，提供一种通信装置，用于实现上述第一方面的方法。该通信装置可以为第一方面中的终端设备，或者终端设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片。
该通信装置包括实现上述方法相应的模块、单元、或手段(means)，该模块、单元、或means可以通过硬件实现，软件实现，或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元。
在一些可能的实现中，该通信装置可以包括处理模块和收发模块。该收发模块，可以包括发送模块和接收模块，分别用以实现上述第一方面及其任一可能的实现中的发送类和接收类的功能。该处理模块，可以用于实现上述第一方面及其任一可能的实现中的处理功能。示例性的，收发模块，用于接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。收发模块，还用于根据第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，向网络设备发送第一指示信息对应的确认信息。处理模块，用于根据第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
可选的，第五方面中的通信装置的收发模块和处理模块还可以执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现中的相应功能，具体参见方法示例中的详细描述，所能达到的有益效果也可以参见前述相关内容。
第六方面，提供一种通信装置，用于实现上述第二方面的方法。该通信装置可以为第二方面中的终端设备，或者终端设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片。
该通信装置包括实现上述方法相应的模块、单元、或手段(means)，该模块、单元、或means可以通过硬件实现，软件实现，或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元。
在一些可能的实现中，该通信装置可以包括处理模块和收发模块。该收发模块，可以包括发送模块和接收模块，分别用以实现上述第二方面及其任一可能的实现中的发送类和接收类的功能。该处理模块，可以用于实现上述第一方面及其任一可能的实现中的处理功能。示例性的，处理模块，用于确定第二预设时长。处理模块，还用于如果在第二预设时长内未接收到来自网络设备的第一指示信息，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道；其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。
可选的，第六方面中的通信装置的收发模块和处理模块还可以执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现中的相应功能，具体参见方法示例中的详细描述，所能达到的有益效果也可以参见前述相关内容。
第七方面，提供一种通信装置，用于实现上述第三方面的方法。该通信装置可以为第三方面中的网络设备，或者网络设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片。
该通信装置包括实现上述方法相应的模块、单元、或手段(means)，该模块、单元、或means可以通过硬件实现，软件实现，或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元。
在一些可能的实现中，该通信装置可以包括处理模块和收发模块。该收发模块，可以包括发送模块和接收模块，分别用以实现上述第二方面及其任一可能的实现中的发送类和接收类的功能。该处理模块，可以用于实现上述第三方面及其任一可能的实现中的处理功能。示例性的，处理模块，用于确定网络设 备占用的第一信道的信道状态。收发模块，用于当信道状态为空闲时，向终端设备发送第一指示信息；其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。收发模块，还用于接收来自终端设备的第一指示信息对应的确认信息。处理模块，还用于根据第一指示信息，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
可选的，第七方面中的通信装置的收发模块和处理模块还可以执行上述第三方面或第三方面的任一可能的实现中的相应功能，具体参见方法示例中的详细描述，所能达到的有益效果也可以参见前述相关内容。
第八方面，提供一种通信装置，用于实现上述第四方面的方法。该通信装置可以为第四方面中的网络设备，或者网络设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片。
该通信装置包括实现上述方法相应的模块、单元、或手段(means)，该模块、单元、或means可以通过硬件实现，软件实现，或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元。
在一些可能的实现中，该通信装置可以包括处理模块和收发模块。该收发模块，可以包括发送模块和接收模块，分别用以实现上述第四方面及其任一可能的实现中的发送类和接收类的功能。该处理模块，可以用于实现上述第四方面及其任一可能的实现中的处理功能。示例性的，处理模块，用于确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。处理模块，还用于确定第二预设时长。处理模块，还用于当信道状态为繁忙时，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
可选的，第八方面中的通信装置的收发模块和处理模块还可以执行上述第四方面或第四方面的任一可能的实现中的相应功能，具体参见方法示例中的详细描述，所能达到的有益效果也可以参见前述相关内容。
第九方面，提供一种通信装置，包括：至少一个处理器，该处理器用于通过执行存储器中存储的计算机指令或者通过逻辑电路，使得该通信装置执行上述任一方面或任一方面的可能的实现的方法。该通信装置可以为第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现中的终端设备，或者终端设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片；或者，该通信装置可以为第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现中的终端设备，或者终端设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片；或者，该通信装置可以为第三方面或第三方面的任一可能的实现中的网络设备，或者该网络设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片；或者，该通信装置可以为第四方面或第四方面的任一可能的实现中的网络设备，或者该网络设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片。
在一些可能的实现中，该通信装置还包括存储器，用于存储计算机指令和/或逻辑电路的配置文件。可选的，该存储器和处理器集成在一起，或者，该存储器独立于处理器。
第十方面，提供一种通信装置，包括：处理器和通信接口；该通信接口，用于输入和/或输出信号；处理器用于执行计算机程序或指令，以使该通信装置执行上述任一方面的方法。该通信装置可以为第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现中的终端设备，或者终端设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片；或者，该通信装置可以为第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现中的终端设备，或者终端设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片；或者，该通信装置可以为第三方面或第三方面的任一可能的实现中的网络设备，或者该网络设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片；或者，该通信装置可以为第四方面或第四方面的任一可能的实现中的网络设备，或者该网络设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片。
一些可能的实现中，该通信接口为接口电路，用于读写计算机指令，例如该接口电路用于接收计算机执行指令(计算机执行指令存储在存储器中，可能直接从存储器读取，或可能经过其他器件)并传输至该处理器。
一些可能的实现中，该通信接口用于与该通信装置之外的模块通信。
在一些可能的实现中，该通信装置可以是芯片或芯片系统。该装置是芯片系统时，芯片系统可以包括芯片，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第十一方面，提供一种通信装置，包括：逻辑电路和接口电路；该接口电路，用于输入信息和/或输出信息；该逻辑电路用于执行上述任一方面的方法，根据输入的信息进行处理和/或生成输出的信息。该通信装置可以为第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现中的终端设备，或者终端设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片；或者，该通信装置可以为第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现中的终端设备，或者终端设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片；或者，该通信装置可以为第三方面或第三方面的任一可能 的实现中的网络设备，或者该网络设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片；或者，该通信装置可以为第四方面或第四方面的任一可能的实现中的网络设备，或者该网络设备中包括的装置或部件，比如芯片。
第十二方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当该计算机程序或指令被处理器执行时，使得上述任一方面的方法被执行。
第十三方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品被处理器执行时，使得上述任一方面的方法被执行。
可以理解的是，第五方面至第十一方面中任一方面提供的通信装置是芯片时，上述的发送动作/功能可以理解为输出信息，上述的接收动作/功能可以理解为输入信息。
其中，第五方面至第十三方面中任一种实现方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现所带来的技术效果，或者参见上述第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现所带来的技术效果，或者参见上述第三方面或第三方面的任一可能的实现所带来的技术效果，或者参见上述第四方面或第四方面的任一可能的实现所带来的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
第十四方面，提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括上述第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现所述的终端设备、以及上述第三方面或第三方面的任一可能的实现所述的网络设备，或者该通信系统包括上述第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现所述的终端设备、以及上述第四方面或第四方面的任一可能的实现所述的网络设备。
附图说明
图1为本申请的提供的一种信道状态的示意图；
图2为本申请的提供的一种通信系统的示意图；
图3为本申请的提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图4为本申请的提供的一种通信方法的交互示意图；
图5为本申请的提供的一种通信方法的交互示意图；
图6为本申请的提供的一种终端设备接收生存帧的流程示意图；
图7为本申请的提供的一种网络设备发送生存帧的流程示意图；
图8为本申请的提供的一种通信方法的交互示意图；
图9为本申请的提供的一种通信方法的交互示意图；
图10为本申请的提供的一种通信方法的交互示意图；
图11为本申请的提供的一种网络设备发送第二指示信息的流程示意图；
图12为本申请的提供的一种终端设备发送第二指示信息的流程示意图；
图13为本申请的提供的一种控制字段的示意图；
图14为本申请的提供的一种非主信道选择参数字段的示意图；
图15为本申请的提供的一种锚点信道子字段的示意图；
图16为本申请的提供的一种生存监测动作帧的示意图；
图17为本申请的提供的一种生存监测元素的管理帧的示意图；
图18为本申请的提供的一种终端设备的结构示意图；
图19为本申请的提供的一种网络设备的结构示意图；
图20为本申请的提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图对本申请实施例的实施方式进行详细描述。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示前后关联的对象是一种“或”的关系，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；本申请中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二” 等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
在本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。
可以理解，说明书通篇中提到的“实施例”意味着与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书各个实施例未必指相同的实施例。此外，这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。可以理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的一些可选的特征，在某些场景下，可以不依赖于其他特征，比如其存在所基于的方案，而独立实施，解决相应的技术问题，达到相应的效果，也可以在某些场景下，依据需求与其他特征进行结合。相应的，本申请实施例中给出的装置也可以相应的实现这些特征或功能，在此不予赘述。
本申请中，除特殊说明外，各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分可以互相参考。在本申请中各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。以下所述的本申请实施方式并不构成对本申请保护范围的限定。
为了方便理解本申请实施例的技术方案，首先给出本申请相关技术的简要介绍如下。
1)、载波侦听多路访问/冲突避免(carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance，CSMA/CA)
其中，CSMA/CA为IEEE802.11协议支持non-AP STA(如终端设备)或者AP(如网络设备)接入信道的基本方式。
示例性的，通信装置(可以为网络设备，也可以为终端设备)发起传输时，需要先检测信道的信道状态是否为空闲，当信道状态为空闲时，通信装置可以通过该信道进行通信；当信道状态为繁忙时，通信装置需要退避，不能通过该信道进行通信。
例如，以通信装置为网络设备为例，网络设备如果在信道状态为繁忙(即有其他的通信装置在该信道上通信)时通过该信道进行通信，则会对其他的通信装置的通信以及STA自身的通信造成干扰，导致通信失败。
可选的，信道检测可以分为两部分，即，物理信道检测和虚拟信道检测。当物理信道检测和虚拟信道检测的结果都是空闲时，信道检测的结果可以为空闲。
2)、畅通渠道评估(clear channel assessment，CCA)机制
其中，CCA机制为检测信道为空闲还是繁忙的流程，属于物理信道检测。
基于CCA机制进行信道检测时，通信装置可以按顺序对信道进行检测。
示例性的，以通信装置所在网络支持的最高带宽能力为160MHz，以20MHz为基础划分160MHz带宽为例，可以划分为8个信道，通信装置可以先检测主20MHz信道是否空闲，如果主20MHz信道为繁忙，则通信装置可以发出主20MHz信道为“繁忙”的指示，此时，通信装置没有可用的信道进行通信，进行退避；
如果主20MHz信道空闲，则通信装置继续检测次20MH信道是否空闲；如果次20MHz信道繁忙，则通信装置可以直接发出次20MHz信道为“繁忙”的指示，通信装置可用信道为主20MHz信道；
如果次20MHz信道空闲，则通信装置继续检测次30MHz信道，如果次40MHz信道繁忙，则通信装置直接发出次40MHz信道为“繁忙”的指示，通信装置可用信道为主40MHz信道；
如果次40MHz信道空闲，则通信装置继续检测次80MHz信道；如果次80MHz信道繁忙，则通信装置发出次80MHz信道为“繁忙”的指示，通信装置可用信道为主80MHz信道；
如果次80MHz信道空闲，则通信装置发送次80MHz信道为“空闲”的指示，通信装置可用信道为整个160MHz信道。
基于上述内容，通过CCA机制物理信道检测时，通信装置只能使用连续的空闲信道。
3)、打孔(puncturing)
由于CCA机制中，通信装置只能使用连续的空闲信道进行通信，如果在160MHz带宽的信道中，只有若干不连续20MHz信道被占用时，通信装置仍需退避，可能导致信道利用率降低。
为了解决信道不连续的问题，提出一种打孔机制，可以将信道状态为繁忙的信道通过打孔机制打掉，即，不使用信道状态为繁忙的信道，使用信道状态为空闲的信道实现通信。
示例性的，如下图1所示，以在某主80MHz信道中，只有次20MHz信道是繁忙的，其余信道的信道状态均为空闲为例，如果不使用打孔技术，基于CCA机制，只有主20MHz信道可用。当引入打孔技术时，可使用打掉次20MHz信道的主80MHz信道，使得实际使用信道的带宽可以达到60MHz，可以提升信道利用率。
其中，通信装置可以对物理层协议数据单元(physical protocol data unit，PPDU)进行解码提取到传输的信息，而PPDU传输前需要进行频率的同步。但是，频率的同步只能通过主20MHz信道实现，所以主20MHz信道不能被打孔打掉。
因此，一旦主20MHz信道的信道状态为繁忙时，即使非主信道的信道状态全部为空闲，通信装置也退避，导致了一定程度的资源浪费。
4)、非主信道选择(non-primary channel selection)
其中，为了提高信道的利用率，提出非主信道选择的方式进行通信，即，通信装置可以在主信道的信道状态为繁忙的情况下，不使用主信道而使用信道状态为空闲的非主信道进行通信。
5)、锚点信道(anchor channel)
其中，锚点信道可以为非主信道，即，锚点信道可以为主20MHz信道的替代。
可选的，锚点信道可以称为锚定信道，可以称为锚固信道，也可以称为备用主信道，不予限制。
示例性的，以主20MHz信道的信道状态为繁忙为例，通信装置可以将锚点信道当做主20MHz信道使用，可以通过锚点信道进行通信，进而提高信道的利用率。
一种可能的实现中，以发送端装置为网络设备，接收端装置为终端设备为例，可以基于高效子信道选择性传输(high-efficency subchannel selective transmission，HE SST)的形式，通过单播型目标等待时长(target wait time，TWT)协商的方式和广播型TWT协商的方式确定通过锚点信道。
一种示例性的，以单播型TWT协商的方式为例，网络设备可以在进行HE SST的协商时，确定目标等待时长服务周期(TWT SP)关联的信息，同时协商锚点信道关联的信息(如，根据比特图(bitmap)指示可以参与资源单位(resource unit，RU)分配的锚点信道)，使得网络设备可以在TWT SP内，使用除主20MHz信道外的协商好的锚点信道，通过主20MHz信道和锚点信道与终端设备进行通信。
其中，如果主20MHz信道的信道状态为繁忙，网络设备仍然需要退避，导致资源浪费。
另一种示例性的，以广播型(TWT)协商的方式为例，网络设备可以通过广播型TWT协商的方式的建立HE SST，可以让网络设备和终端设备间使用改进型HE SST，进而可以达到让网络设备和终端设备在指定的TWT SP使用指定的锚点信道作为临时主20信道。
其中，广播型(TWT)协商的方式解决了主20MHz信道的信道状态为繁忙时，网络设备需要退避的问题，但是存在隐藏节点的问题，而隐藏节点的问题可能导致网络设备和终端设备间通信失败。
例如，但是，隐藏节点的问题可能导致网络设备和终端设备间通信失败。例如，以终端设备在两个网络设备(即网络设备1和网络设备2)的覆盖范围内，且两个网络设备的距离较远或者两个网络设备间存在障碍物为例，当网络设备1检测到第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，可以占用第一信道与终端设备进行通信；由于网络设备1和网络设备2的距离较远或者网络设备1和网络设备2之间存在障碍物，网络设备2可能无法检测到网络设备1正占用第一信道与终端设备进行通信，网络设备2会在检测到第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，占用第一信道进行通信，导致网络设备1向终端设备发送的报文与和网络设备2发送的报文发生碰撞，通信失败。
其中，网络设备1对于网络设备2来说是隐藏节点，网络设备2对于网络设备1来说也是隐藏节点。
综上，如何避免因隐藏节点而导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致，提高网络设备和终端设备间的通信可靠性成为亟待解决的问题。
本申请为了解决上述技术问题，提供一种通信方法，该方法包括：终端设备接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；接收到第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，向网络设备发送第一指示信息对应的确认信息；或者，接收到第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状 态为繁忙时，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。
本申请实施例中，终端设备可以根据第一指示信息，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；当确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，终端设备可以向网络设备发送第一指示信息对应的确认信息，以使网络设备确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲，进而网络设备可以在第一信道上与终端设备进行通信，避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，保证通信的可靠性；当确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，终端设备可以在第一预设时间点，切换到第二信道，网络设备也可以在没有接收到第一指示信息对应的确认信息的情况下，在第一预设时间点与终端设备同时切换到第二信道。
即网络设备和终端设备可以测试是否可以通过第一信道进行通信，如果网络设备和终端设备都确定第一信道的信道状态为空闲，则可以通过第一信道进行通信，否则，均切换到第二信道，进而可以继续测试是否可以通过第二信道进行通信。从而避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，可以减少隐藏节点带来的负面影响，提升通信可靠性。
本申请实施例的技术方案可用于各种通信系统，该通信系统可以为第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)通信系统，例如，第四代(4th generation，4G)、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统、新空口(new radio，NR)，或者LTE和5G混合组网的系统中，或者非陆地通信网络(non-terrestrial network，NTN)系统，或者第六代(6th generation，6G)等5G之后演进的移动通信系统、车联网(vehicle to everything，V2X)系统，或者设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)通信系统、机器到机器(machine to machine，M2M)通信系统、物联网(internet of things，IoT)、窄带物联网(narrow band-internet of things，NB-IoT)、其他下一代通信系统、感知通信一体化系统、卫星通信系统等。该通信系统也可以为非3GPP通信系统，例如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)等无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)系统，不予限制。
示例性的，以非3GPP系统为例，本申请实施例可以用于支持IEEE 802.11ax下一代Wi-Fi协议(如802.11be，Wi-Fi 7或EHT)的无线局域网系统，或者，可以用于支持IEEE 802.11be下一代Wi-Fi协议(如Wi-Fi 8,UHR)的无线局域网系统，或者，可以用于支持Wi-Fi AI的无线局域网系统，或者，可以用于支持毫米波(mmWave)的无线局域网系统，或者，可以用于支持超宽带(ultra wide band，UWB)的无线局域网系统，或者，也可以用于支持感知(sensing)的无线局域网系统。
本申请应用的通信系统可以如下图2所示，该通信系统可以包括一个或多个终端设备和一个或多个网络设备。
本申请可以应用于各种通信场景，例如，波束测量，信道估计，信号检测等。
上述适用本申请的通信系统和通信场景仅是举例说明，适用本申请的通信系统和通信场景不限于此，上述说明也不对本申请的方案造成任何限定。
其中，本申请实施例中的终端设备可以位于网络设备的波束/小区覆盖范围内，网络设备可以为终端设备提供通信服务。
其中，本申请实施例中的终端设备可以是具有无线收发功能的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片或芯片系统，可以允许用户接入网络，是用于向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。终端设备也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、用户单元(subscriber unit)、终端(terminal)或者移动台(mobile station，MS)或者移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等。
可选的，本申请实施例中的终端设备，可以是用于实现无线通信功能的用户侧设备，例如终端或者可用于终端中的芯片等。其中，终端可以是5G网络或者5G之后演进的公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的UE、用户单元、接入终端、终端单元、终端站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、无线通信设备、终端代理或终端装置等。接入终端可以是蜂窝电话、智能电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线数据卡、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备(handset)、膝上型电脑(laptop computer)、平板型电脑、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、无人机、机器人、智能销售点(point of sale，POS)机、客户终端设备(customer-premises equipment，CPE)或可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented  reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、机器类型通信(machine type communication,MTC)的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端(如智能摄像头、投影仪、显示屏、电视机、音响、电冰箱、洗衣机等)、智慧城市中的传感器节点(如智能水表、智能电表、智能空气检测节点等)、智能办公中智能设备(如打印机、投影仪等)、日常生活中的基础设施(如自动售货机，商超的自助导航台，自助收银设备，自助点餐机等)等。或者，终端可以是IoT中具有通信功能的终端，例如V2X中的终端(例如车联网设备)、D2D通信中的终端、或者M2M通信中的终端等。终端可以是移动的，也可以是固定的。
其中，本申请实施例中的网络设备可以是任意一种部署在接入网中能够和终端设备进行无线通信的设备，还可以是可设置于上述设备的芯片或芯片系统，还可以是逻辑节点或者逻辑模块或者以软件方式实现的功能，可以用于实现无线物理控制功能、资源调度和无线资源管理、无线接入控制以及移动性管理等功能。具体的，网络设备可以为支持有线接入的设备，也可以为支持无线接入的设备。
可选的，本申请实施例中的网络设备，是一种将终端设备接入到无线网络的设备，该网络设备可以是无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)中的节点，或者，可以是基站，可以称为无线接入网节点(或设备)。
例如，网络设备可以包括全球移动通信系统(global system for mobile communication，GSM)或码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)网络中的基站收发信台(base transceiver station，BTS)。或者，网络设备可以包括宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)网络中的NodeB。或者，网络设备可以包括LTE系统或增强的LTE(LTE-advanced，LTE-A)系统中的演进型基站(NodeB或eNB或e-NodeB，evolutional Node B)，如传统的宏基站eNB和异构网络场景下的微基站eNB。或者，网络设备可以包括NR系统中的下一代节点B(next generation node B，gNB)。或者，网络设备可以是未来演进的PLMN中的网络设备。或者，网络设备可以包括传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)、基带池(BBU pool)，或无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)AP等。或者，网络设备可以包括NTN中的基站，即可以部署于飞行平台或者卫星，在NTN中，网络设备可以作为层1(L1)中继(relay)，或者可以作为基站，或者可以作为接入回传一体化(integrated access and bAck信息hual，IAB)节点。或者，网络设备可以是IoT中实现基站功能的设备，例如无人机通信、V2X、D2D、或者M2M中实现基站功能的设备。或者，网络设备可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器。或者，网络设备还可以是可穿戴设备或车载设备。
网络设备还可以是能够实现基站部分功能的模块或单元，例如，网络设备可以是集中式单元(central unit，CU)，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)，CU-控制面(control plane，CP)，CU-用户面(user plane，UP)，或者无线单元(radio unit，RU)等。CU和DU可以是单独设置，或者也可以包括在同一个网元中，例如基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)中。RU可以包括在射频设备或者射频单元中，例如包括在射频拉远单元(remote radio unit，RRU)、有源天线处理单元(active antenna unit，AAU)或远程射频头(remote radio head，RRH)中。
在不同系统中，CU(或CU-CP和CU-UP)、DU或RU也可以有不同的名称，但是本领域的技术人员可以理解其含义。例如，网络设备可以是开放无线接入网(open RAN，ORAN)系统中的网络设备或网络设备的模块。在ORAN系统中，CU还可以称为开放(open，O)-CU，DU还可以称为O-DU，CU-CP还可以称为O-CU-CP，CU-UP还可以称为O-CU-UP，RU还可以称为O-RU。本申请中的CU(或CU-CP、CU-UP)、DU和RU中的任一单元，可以是通过软件模块、硬件模块、或者软件模块与硬件模块结合来实现。
可选的，本申请实施例中的基站可以包括各种形式的基站，例如：宏基站、微基站(也称为小站)、中继站、AP、家庭基站、TRP、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、或者移动交换中心等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
示例性的，以网络设备为AP，终端设备为non-AP STA为例，AP和non-AP STA可以支持802.11系列协议(802.11系列协议可以包括：802.11be,802.11ax，802.11a/b/g/n/ac等。)。
例如，AP可以为通信服务器、路由器、交换机、网桥等通信实体，或者，AP可以包括各种形式的宏基站，微基站，中继站等，或者，AP还可以为各种形式的网络设备中的芯片和处理系统。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例描述的通信系统是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
具体实现时，图2所示的如各个终端设备、网络设备均可以采用图3所示的组成结构，或者包括图3所示的部件。图3为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置30的组成示意图，该通信装置30可以为终端设备或者终端设备中的芯片或者片上系统；也可以为网络设备或者网络设备中的芯片或者片上系统。
如图3所示，该通信装置30包括一个或多个处理器301。进一步的，该通信装置30还可以包括通信总线302，以及至少一个通信接口(图3中仅是示例性的，以通信装置30包括通信接口304，以及一个处理器301为例进行说明)。可选的，通信装置30还可以包括存储器303。
处理器301可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路、或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。处理器可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器301可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图3中的CPU0和CPU1。
通信总线302可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，EISA)总线等。该总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图3中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。该通信总线302用于连接通信装置30中的不同组件，使得通信装置30中的不同组件之间可以进行通信交互。
通信接口304，可以是收发模块，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，该通信网络例如可以为以太网(Ethernet)，RAN，或者无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。示例性的，所述通信接口304可以是收发器、收发机一类的装置。或者，所述通信接口304也可以是位于处理器301内的收发电路，用以实现处理器的信号输入和信号输出。
存储器303可以是具有存储功能的装置。例如可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信总线302与处理器相连接。存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
示例性的，存储器303用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令，并由处理器301来控制执行。处理器301用于执行存储器303中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请实施例中提供的方法。
或者，可选的，本申请实施例中，也可以是处理器301执行本申请下述实施例提供的方法中的处理相关的功能，通信接口304负责与其他设备或通信网络通信，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选的，本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信装置30还可以包括输出设备305和输入设备306。输出设备305和处理器301通信，可以以多种方式来显示信息。例如，输出设备305可以是液晶显示器(liquid crystal display，LCD)，发光二极管(light emitting diode，LED)显示设备，阴极射线管(cathode ray tube，CRT)显示设备，或投影仪(projector)等。输入设备306和处理器301通信，可以以多种方式接收用户的输入。例如，输入设备306可以是鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或传感设备等。
需要说明的是，图3中示出的组成结构并不构成对该通信装置的限定，除图3所示部件之外，该通信装置可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例提供的通信方法进行展开说明。可以理解的，本申请实施例中，终端设备或网络设备可以执行本申请实施例中的部分或全部步骤，这些步骤或操作仅是示例，本申请实 施例还可以执行其它操作或者各种操作的变形。此外，各个步骤可以按照本申请实施例呈现的不同的顺序来执行，并且有可能并非要执行本申请实施例中的全部操作。
如下图4所述，为本申请提供的一种通信方法的交互示意图。参见图4，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S401、网络设备确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
示例性的，网络设备可以监听网络设备占用的第一信道是否有其他正在传输信息的节点，确定信道状态，当监听到其他正在传输信息的节点时，表示信道状态为繁忙；当未监听到其他正在传输信息的节点时，表示信道状态为空闲。
S402、当确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，网络设备向终端设备发送第一指示信息；相应的，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息。
其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。
可选的，网络设备可以在第二预设时长内，向终端设备发送第一指示信息；相应的，终端设备可以在第二预设时长内，接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息。
其中，第二预设时长可以根据下述超时子字段和第一指示信息的持续时长确定。
例如，第二预设时长等于超时子字段指示的时长与第一指示信息的持续时长的和。
其中，超时子字段在下述内容中描述，在此不予赘述。
可选的，第一指示信息可以为生存(Survival)帧。
其中，Survival帧可以为鲁棒的短小管理帧(如请求发送(request to send，RTS)帧)。
终端设备在接收到第一指示信息后，可以检测终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态，当信道状态为空闲时，可以执行下述S403；当信道状态为繁忙时，可以执行下述S404，相应的，网络设备也可以执行下述S405。
S403、终端设备接收到第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，向网络设备发送第一指示信息对应的确认信息；相应的，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第一指示信息对应的确认信息。
其中，第一指示信息对应的确认信息可以为确认(acknowledge，ACK)帧，也可以为信道清除(clear to send，CTS)帧，不予限制。
示例性的，当第一指示信息为Survival帧，且Survival帧为RTS帧时，第一指示信息对应的确认信息为CTS帧。
可选的，终端设备在接收到第一指示信息后，可以检测终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态，当信道状态为空闲时，可以向网络设备发送第一指示信息对应的确认信息。
S404、终端设备接收到第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
其中，第一预设时间点为此次终端设备没有在第二预设时长内完成第一指示信息的接收而需要跳转至第二信道的时刻，可以根据超时子字段承载的时长信息、第一指示信息所承载的帧的时长、短帧间间隔(short inter frame space，SIFS)、第一指示信息对应的确认信息的持续时长、和尝试在当前占用的第一信道上进行此次第一指示信息交互的尝试确定。
例如，第一预设时间点为，从尝试在当前占用的第一信道的某次第一指示信息交互的开始时间开始计算，经过超时子字段承载的时长、第一指示信息所承载在的帧的持续时长、短帧间间隔、和第一指示信息对应的确认信息的持续时长之和，所对应的时间点。其中，在当前占用的第一信道上进行此次第一只是信息交互的尝试的开始时刻，亦为超时子字段对应的时长开始计算的时刻。
其中，当终端设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数允许时，第二信道为第一信道；当终端设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数已达上限，但仍有预设锚点信道未经测试时，第二信道为下一预设锚点信道；当终端设备占用的第一信道的信道可用性测试重传次数已达上限，且所有预设锚点信道都已测试完毕时，第二信道为主信道。
需要说明的是，尝试、重传次数和预设锚点信道关联的信息在后续内容中描述，在此不予赘述。
可以理解的是，终端设备和网络设备可以在同一时刻将信道切换到第二信道。
示例性的，以第一预设时间点为从尝试在当前占用的第一信道的某次第一指示信息交互的开始时间开始计算，经过超时子字段承载的时长、第一指示信息所承载在的帧的持续时长、短帧间间隔、和第 一指示信息对应的确认信息的持续时长之和所对应的时间点为例，当终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，终端设备可以在第一预设时间点上，将信道切换到第二信道。
S405、网络设备根据所述第一指示信息，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
其中，网络设备可以从向终端设备发送第一指示信息开始，如果在经过第一指示信息的持续时长、SIFS和第一指示信息对应的确认信息的持续时长之后，没有完成来自终端设备的第一指示信息对应的确认信息的接收，网络设备可以在第一预设时间点上，将信道切换到第二信道。
可选的，终端设备和网络设备切换到第二信道后，可以对第二信道进行信道可用性检测，确定信道的信道状态，与第一信道一致。
示例性的，以第一预设锚点信道的信道状态为空闲为例，终端设备和网络设备切换到第一预设锚点信道后，网络设备检测第一预设锚点信道的信道状态为空闲，网络设备可以向终端设备发送第一指示信息，终端设备接收到第一指示信息检测第一预设锚点信道的信道状态为空闲，终端设备可以向网络设备发送第一指示信息对应的确认信息，则，终端设备和网络设备可以在第一预设锚点信道上进行通信。
基于上述图4所示的通信方法，终端设备可以根据第一指示信息，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；当确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，终端设备可以向网络设备发送第一指示信息对应的确认信息，以使网络设备确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲，进而网络设备可以在第一信道上与终端设备进行通信，避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，可以减少隐藏节点带来的负面影响，保证通信的可靠性；当确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，终端设备可以在第一预设时间点，切换到第二信道，网络设备也可以在没有接收到第一指示信息对应的确认信息的情况下，在第一预设时间点与终端设备同时切换到第二信道。
即网络设备和终端设备可以测试是否可以通过第一信道进行通信，如果网络设备和终端设备都确定第一信道的信道状态为空闲，则可以通过第一信道进行通信，否则，均切换到第二信道，进而可以继续测试是否可以通过第二信道进行通信。从而避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，提升通信可靠性。
区别于图4所述的通信方法，本申请还提出一种终端设备在未接收到来自网络设备的第一指示信息的情况下，将信道切换到第二信道的通信方法，如下图5所示：
S501、网络设备确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
示例性的，网络设备可以监听网络设备占用的第一信道是否有其他正在传输信息的节点，确定信道状态，当监听到其他正在传输信息的节点时，表示信道状态为繁忙；当未监听到其他正在传输信息的节点时，表示信道状态为空闲。
S502、终端设备确定第二预设时长。
其中，第二预设时长可以根据下述超时子字段和第一指示信息的持续时长确定。
例如，第二预设时长等于超时子字段指示的时长与第一指示信息的持续时长的和。
其中，超时子字段在下述内容中描述，在此不予赘述。
S503、网络设备确定第二预设时长。
可选的，网络设备可以在第二预设时长内，检测网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态，当信道状态为繁忙时，网络设备不向终端设备发送第一指示信息。
需要说明的是，S501、S502和S503没有绝对的先后顺序之分。
S504、终端设备如果在第二预设时长内未接收到来自网络设备的第一指示信息，在第二预设时长之后，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
其中，第一预设时间点如前所述，在此不再赘述。其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。
S505、网络设备在第二预设时长之后，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
其中，如果在第二预设时长内，网络设备检测网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，网络设备在第二预设时长之后，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
需要说明的是，S504和S505没有绝对的先后顺序之分。
可选的，终端设备和网络设备切换到第二信道后，可以对第二信道进行信道可用性检测，确定信道的信道状态，与第一信道一致。
基于上述图4和图5所示的通信方法，本申请提出两种可能的实施例：
一种可能的实施例，以第一指示信息为Survival帧，第一指示信息对应的确认信息为ACK帧为例，对于终端设备而言，如下图6所示，当终端设备在第二预设时长内接收到来自网络设备的Survival帧，并向网络设备发送ACK帧时，表示终端设备占用的第一信道和网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态都为空闲，终端设备可以通过第一信道与网络设备进行通信；当终端设备在第二预设时长内未接收到来自网络设备的Survival帧时，表明网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙，终端设备可以在第二预设时长之后，在第一预设时间点将信道切换到第二信道；当终端设备在第二预设时长内接收到来自网络设备的Survival帧，未向网络设备发送ACK帧时，表明终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙，终端设备在第一预设时间点将信道切换到第二信道。
另一种可能的实施例，以第一指示信息为Survival帧，第一指示信息对应的确认信息为ACK帧为例，对于网络设备而言，如下图7所示，当网络设备在第二预设时长内向终端设备发送Survival帧时，表明网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲，当网络设备接收到来自终端设备的ACK帧，表明终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲，网络设备可以通过第一信道与终端设备进行通信；当网络设备未接收来自终端设备的ACK帧，表明终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙，网络设备可以在第二预设时长之后，在第一预设时间点将信道切换到第二信道；当网络设备在第二预设时长内未向终端设备发送Survival帧时，表明网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙，网络设备可以在第一预设时间点将信道切换到第二信道。
终端设备和网络设备可以根据上述图4-图7所示的通信方法，处于生存确认阶段(Survival Confirming Phase)，即，网络设备和终端设备互相确认第一信道的信道状态，避免因隐藏节点导致网络设备和终端设备对信道状态理解不一致的问题，可以减少隐藏节点带来的负面影响，可以提升通信的可靠性。
可选的，网络设备和终端设备在满足第一预设条件的情况下，可以不通过第一指示信息的交互而完成信道可用性检测。
其中，第一预设条件为网络设备与终端设备正在通信。
示例性的，以网络设备和终端设备进行周期性信道可用性检测为例，当某一周期开始时，网络设备和终端设备正在通信，则网络设备和终端设备可跳过此周期的信道可用性检测，继续通过当前占用的信道进行通信。
可选的，网络设备和终端设备在满足第二预设条件的情况下，可以不通过第一指示信息的交互而完成信道可用性检测。
其中，第二预设条件为下述一种或多种：网络设备与终端设备正在通信；终端设备可以检测到网络设备与其他设备正在通信；网络设备可以检测到终端设备与其它设备正在通信。
示例性的，以网络设备和终端设备进行周期性信道可用性检测为例，当某一周期开始时，终端设备检测到网络设备与其他设备正在通信，或者，网络设备检测到终端设备与其它设备正在通信，则网络设备和终端设备可跳过该次周期的信道可用性检测，网络设备和终端设备无法在此时通过任一信道进行通信。
基于上述图4-图7所示的通信方法，本申请还提出一种通信方法，可以使终端设备和网络设备周期性进行信道可用性检测，可以动态确定信道状态，具体步骤如下图8所示：
S801、网络设备向终端设备发送第二指示信息；相应的，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息。
其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式；第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数。
其中，SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式。
其中，第二指示信息还用于进行SM模式关联的参数的更新。
一种可能的实现中，在SM模式中，当终端设备和网络设备进行周期性信道可用性检测时，在每个周期内，终端设备和网络设备会依次对主信道和各预设锚点信道进行信道可用性检测，直到检测出终端设备和网络设备可以进行通信的信道，或完成对主信道和各预设锚点信道的信道可用性检测；在对主信道或某预设锚点信道进行信道可用性检测时，终端设备和网络设备会在SM模式关联的参数中的重传子字段承载的信息允许的范围内，进行第一指示信息交互的尝试，直到某次尝试的结果为终端设备和网络 设备可以在当前占用的第一信道进行通信，或直到当前周期内在当前占用的第一信道上的尝试次数达到上限；在某次第一指示信息交互的尝试中，终端设备按图6所示流程进行当前占用的第一信道的可用性检测，网络设备按图7所示流程进行当前占用的第一信道的可用性检测。
其中，终端设备和网络设备可以在一个周期内，对主信道和所有预设锚点信道进行信道可用性检测，如果没有检测到可用的信道，则，终端设备和网络设备在该周期内不再进行信道可用性检测。
其中，SM模式关联的参数中的重传子字段在后续内容中描述，在此不予赘述。
示例性的，SM模式关联的参数可以包括下述一种或多种：周期性信道可用性检测的起始时间、周期性信道可用性检测的时间间隔、周期性进行信道可用性检测的持续时间、第二信道关联的信息、或信道可用性检测的持续时长。
其中，SM模式关联的参数可以在下述字段中具体描述，在此不予赘述。
S802、终端设备根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道检测信道可用性检测，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
S803、网络设备根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道检测信道可用性检测，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
需要说明的是，S802和S803没有先后顺序之分。
可选的，终端设备接收到来自网络设备的第二指示信息后，还可以如图8中的S801a所示，向网络设备发送第三指示信息：
S801a、终端设备根据第二指示信息，向网络设备发送第三指示信息；相应的，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第三指示信息。
其中，第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数。
其中，终端设备向网络设备发送第三指示信息，可以使网络设备确定终端设备同意SM模式关联的参数。
可选的，终端设备向网络设备发送的第三指示信息，可以用于指示终端设备不同意第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数，此时，终端设备和网络设备不根据第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数周期性进行信道可用性检测。
例如，当第三指示信息用于指示终端设备不同意第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数时，网络设备和终端设备不进行S802和S803的步骤。
基于上述图4-图7所示的通信方法，区别于图8中网络设备向终端设备发送第二指示信息，终端设备也可以向网络设备发送第二指示信息，使终端设备和网络设备根据第二指示信息，周期性进行信道可用性检测，可以动态确定信道状态，本申请提出两种可能的实现：
一种可能的实现中，如下图9所示，终端设备向网络设备发送的第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数。
S901、终端设备向网络设备发送第二指示信息；相应的，网络设备可以接收来自终端设备的第二指示信息。
其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式。
其中，第二指示信息还用于进行SM模式关联的参数的更新。
S902、网络设备根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道检测信道可用性检测，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
S903、终端设备根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道检测信道可用性检测，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
需要说明的是，S902和S903没有先后顺序之分。
可选的，网络设备接收到来自终端设备的第二指示信息后，还可以如图9中的S901a所示，向终端设备发送第三指示信息：
S901a、网络设备向终端设备发送第三指示信息；相应的，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第三指示信息。
其中，第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数。
其中，网络设备向终端设备发送第三指示信息，可以使终端设备确定网络设备同意SM模式关联的 参数。
可选的，网络设备向终端设备发送的第三指示信息，也可以用于指示网络设备不同意第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数，此时，终端设备和网络设备不根据第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数周期性进行信道检测信道可用性检测。
例如，当第三指示信息用于指示终端设备不同意第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数时，网络设备和终端设备不进行S902和S903的步骤。
另一种可能的实现中，如下图10所示，终端设备向网络设备发送的第二指示信息包括或不包括SM模式关联的参数。
S1001、终端设备向网络设备发送第二指示信息；相应的，网络设备可以接收来自终端设备的第二指示信息。
其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式，或者，第二指示信息还可以用于指示进行SM模式关联的参数的更新。
S1002、网络设备向终端设备发送第四指示信息；相应的，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第四指示信息。
其中，第四指示信息用于指示不同意进入SM模式，和/或在第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数的情况下，不同意第二指示信息内的SM模式关联的参数；第四指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数或SM模式关联的新参数。
其中，网络设备向终端设备发送第四指示信息，可以使终端设备确定网络设备不同意立刻进入SM模式或进行SM模式关联的参数的更新，并使终端设备接收到网络设备建议的SM模式关联的参数。
S1003、网络设备根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道检测信道可用性检测，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
S1004、终端设备根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道检测信道可用性检测，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
需要说明的是，S1003和S1004没有先后顺序之分。
可选的，终端设备接收到来自网络设备的第四指示信息后，还可以如图10中的S1002a所示，向网络设备发送第三指示信息：
S1002a、终端设备向网络设备发送第三指示信息；相应的，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第三指示信息。
其中，终端设备向网络设备发送第三指示信息，可以使网络设备确定终端设备同意SM模式关联的参数。
可以理解的是，终端设备向网络设备发送第三指示信息，也可以用于指示终端设备不同意第四指示信息的SM模式关联的参数，此时，终端设备和网络设备不根据第四指示信息的SM模式关联的参数周期性进行信道可用性检测。
例如，当第三指示信息用于指示终端设备不同意第二指示信息的SM模式关联的参数时，网络设备和终端设备不进行S1003和S1004的步骤。
其中，网络设备和终端设备可以基于上述图8-图10的通信方法，处于协商阶段(negotiation phase)，即，网络设备和终端设备协商SM模式关联的参数，如果协商成功，则进入SM模式。
可选的，终端设备或网络设备可以根据SM模式关联的参数，确定第二预设时长及第一预设时间点。
其中，终端设备或网络设备可以根据SM模式关联的参数中的信道可用性检测超时子字段和第一指示信息的持续时长，确定第二预设时长和第一预设时间点。
基于上述图8-图10所示的通信方法，本申请提出两种可能的实施例：
第一种可能的实施例中，如下图11所示，对于网络设备而言，网络设备向终端设备发送的第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数，当终端设备同意该SM模式关联的参数时，向网络设备发送用于指示同意的第三指示信息，表示协商成功，二者进入SM模式；当终端设备不同意该SM模式关联的参数时，向网络设备发送用于指示不同意的第三指示信息，表示协商失败，二者不进入SM模式。
第二种可能的实施例中，如下图12所示，对于终端设备而言，如果终端设备向网络设备发送的第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数，当网络设备同意该SM模式关联的参数时，向终端设备发送用于指示 同意的第三指示信息，表示协商成功，二者进入SM模式；当网络设备不同意该SM模式关联的参数时，向终端设备发送包括SM模式关联的参数的第四指示信息，当终端设备同意该SM模式关联的参数时，向网络设备发送用于指示同意的第三指示信息，表示协商成功，二者进入SM模式；当终端设备不同意该SM模式关联的参数时，向网络设备发送用于指示不同意的第三指示信息，表示协商失败，二者不进入SM模式。
如果终端设备向网络设备发送的第二指示信息不包括SM模式关联的参数时，网络设备可以向终端设备发送指示协商失败并包括SM模式关联的参数的第四指示信息，当终端设备同意该SM模式关联的参数时，向网络设备发送用于指示同意的第三指示信息，表示协商成功，二者进入SM模式；当终端设备不同意该SM模式关联的参数时，向网络设备发送用于指示不同意的第三指示信息，表示协商失败，二者不进入SM模式。
可以理解的，终端设备和网络设备可以根据通信的实际情况，更新第二指示信息中的SM模式关联的参数。
示例性的，以网络设备更新SM模式关联的参数并发送第二指示信息为例，如果终端设备接收到第二指示信息后同意更新的SM模式关联的参数，终端设备可以向网络设备发送用于指示同意的第三指示信息，则，更新的SM模式关联的参数在终端设备和网络设备处均生效；如果终端设备接收到第二指示信息后不同意更新的SM模式关联的参数，终端设备向网络设备发送用于指示不同意的第三指示信息，使网络设备确定终端设备不同意更新的SM模式关联的参数，则，更新的SM模式关联的参数在终端设备和网络设备处均不生效。
基于上述图4-图12所示的通信方法，本申请还提出退出SM模式的通信方法：
第一种可能的实现中，终端设备向网络设备发送第五指示信息；相应的，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第五指示信息。
其中，第五指示信息用于指示终端设备退出SM模式。
网络设备可以向终端设备发送第五指示信息对应的确认信息，用于指示网络设备同意退出SM模式；相应的，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第五指示信息对应的确认信息。
其中，第五指示信息对应的确认信息可以为ACK帧，也可以为CTS帧，不予限制。
其中，终端设备可以在完成第五指示信息对应的确认信息的接收时，退出SM模式；相应的，网络设备在完成第五指示信息对应的确认信息的发送时，退出SM模式。
第二种可能的实现中，网络设备和终端设备可以根据SM模式关联的参数，确定SM模式的持续时长，在持续时长之后，退出SM模式。
其中，网络设备和终端设备可以根据第二指示信息或者第四指示信息中的持续时长子字段，确定SM模式的持续时长。
其中，第二指示信息或者第四指示信息中的持续时长子字段在下述内容中具体描述，在此不予赘述。
第三种可能的实现中，网络设备向终端设备发送第五指示信息；相应的，终端设备接收来自网络设备的第五指示信息。
其中，第五指示信息用于指示网络设备退出SM模式。
可选的，终端设备可以向网络设备发送第五指示信息对应的确认信息，用于指示终端设备同意退出SM模式；相应的，网络设备接收来自终端设备的第五指示信息对应的确认信息。
其中，第五指示信息对应的确认信息可以为ACK帧，也可以为CTS帧，不予限制。
其中，网络设备可以在完成第五指示信息对应的确认信息的接收时，退出SM模式；相应的，终端设备网络设备在完成第五指示信息对应的确认信息的发送时，退出SM模式。
其中，网络设备和终端设备可以基于上述退出SM模式的方法，退出SM模式，或者，网络设备和终端设备根据SM模式的持续时长退出SM模式。
基于图8-图12所示的指示信息，本申请还提出第二指示信息、第三指示信息、第四指示信息、第五指示信息可以包括控制字段。
其中，第二指示信息第四指示信息可以统称为指示信息。
需要说明的是，第一指示信息与上述指示信息不同。
其中，控制字段可以包括下述一种或多种：拆除子字段、发起子字段、或成功子字段。
其中，拆除子字段用于指示退出SM模式。
示例性的，当拆除子字段为1时，控制字段的其他子字段均预留，表示退出SM模式，拆除子字段为0表示不退出SM模式；或者，当拆除子字段为0时，控制字段的其他子字段均预留，表示退出SM模式，拆除子字段为1表示不退出SM模式。
例如，当拆除子字段为1为退出SM模式时，指示信息可以为第五指示信息；或者，当拆除子字段为0为退出SM模式时，指示信息可以为第五指示信息。
其中，发起子字段用于指示发起进入SM模式，或者，发起子字段用于指示发起SM模式关联的参数的更新。
示例性的，当发起子字段为1时，表示发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新，成功子字段预留，发起子字段为0表示此字段所在的帧不用于发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新；或者，当发起子字段为0时，表示发起进入SM模式，成功子字段预留，发起子字段为1表示此字段所在的帧不用于发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式关联的参数的更新。
例如，当发起子字段为1为发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式的参数更新时，指示信息可以为第二指示信息；或者，当发起子字段为0为发起进入SM模式或发起SM模式的参数更新时，指示信息可以为第二指示信息。
其中，成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数。
示例性的，如果成功子字段为1，表示协商成功，SM模式参数生效；如果成功子字段为0，表示协商失败，SM模式参数不生效。或者，如果成功子字段为0，表示协商成功，SM模式参数生效；如果成功子字段为1，表示协商失败，SM模式参数不生效。
可选的，控制字段还可以包括下述一种或多种：存在第一目标生存传输时间子字段、存在超时子字段、存在时间间隔子字段、存在锚点信道子字段、或存在持续时间子字段。
其中，第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示非主信道选择参数字段中的第一目标生存传输时间子字段是否出现。
示例性的，当第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段为1时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的第一目标生存传输时间子字段出现；当第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段为0时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的第一目标生存传输时间子字段不出现。或者，当第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段为0时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的第一目标生存传输时间子字段出现；当第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段为1时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的第一目标生存传输时间子字段不出现。
其中，存在超时子字段用于指示非主信道选择参数字段中的超时子字段是否出现。
示例性的，当存在超时子字段为1时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的超时子字段出现；当存在超时子字段为0时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的超时子字段不出现。或者，当存在超时子字段为0时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的超时子字段出现；当存在超时子字段为1时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的超时子字段不出现。
其中，存在时间间隔子字段用于指示非主信道选择参数字段中的时间间隔子字段是否出现。
示例性的，当存在时间间隔子字段为1时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的时间间隔子字段出现；当存在时间间隔子字段为0时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的时间间隔子字段不出现。或者，当存在时间间隔子字段为0时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的时间间隔子字段出现；当存在时间间隔子字段为1时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的时间间隔子字段不出现。
其中，存在锚点信道子字段用于指示非主信道选择参数字段中的锚点信道子字段是否出现。
示例性的，当存在锚点信道子字段为1时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的锚点信道子字段出现；当存在锚点信道子字段为0时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的锚点信道子字段不出现。或者，当存在锚点信道子字段为0时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的锚点信道子字段出现；当存在锚点信道子字段为1时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的锚点信道子字段不出现。
其中，存在持续时间子字段用于指示非主信道选择参数字段中的持续时间子字段是否出现。
示例性的，当存在持续时间子字段为1时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的持续时间子字段出现；当存在持续时间子字段为0时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的持续时间子字段不出现。或者，当存在持续时间子字段为0时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的持续时间子字段出现；当存在持续时间子字段 为1时，表示非主信道选择参数字段中的持续时间子字段不出现。
需要说明的是，上述的非主信道选择参数字段在下述内容中描述，在此不予赘述。
一种可能的实施例中，控制字段可以如下图13所示，即，控制字段可以包括：拆除子字段、发起子字段、成功子字段、第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段、存在超时子字段、存在时间间隔子字段、存在锚点信道子字段、和存在持续时间子字段。
示例性的，控制字段中的子字段可以均为1比特。
可选的，第二指示信息和第四指示信息还可以包括非主信道选择参数字段。
其中，非主信道选择参数字段用于指示SM模式关联的参数，非主信道选择参数字段可以包括下述一种或多种：第一目标生存传输时间子字段、超时子字段、时间间隔子字段、持续时间子字段、或锚点信道子字段。
其中，第一目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示第一次信道可用性检测的起始时间。
示例性的，网络设备或终端设备可以根据第一目标生存传输时间子字段指示的时间，确定开始周期性检测信道可用性的起始时间，可以保证网络设备和终端设备同时检测信道的信道状态。
其中，超时子字段用于指示网络设备向所述终端设备发送第一指示信息的持续时长的最大值。
可以理解的是，第二预设时长为超时子字段的值与第一指示信息承载的帧的时长之和。
示例性的，网络设备在超时子字段指示的第二预设时长内，检测网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态，如果信道状态为空闲，网络设备可以向终端设备发送第一指示信息；相应的，终端设备也可以在超时子字段指示的持续时长和第一指示信息的持续时长内接收第一指示信息。
其中，时间间隔子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的周期；
示例性的，终端设备或网络设备可以根据第一目标生存传输时间子字段和时间间隔子字段进行周期性信道可用性检测。
其中，持续时长子字段用于指示从第一目标生存传输子字段承载的时刻值开始，SM模式的持续时长。
示例性的，终端设备或网络设备可以根据持续时长子字段指示的时长，确定SM模式的持续时长，在SM模式的持续时长之后，主动退出SM模式。
其中，锚点信道子字段用于指示预设锚点信道关联的参数。
示例性的，网络设备和终端设备可以根据锚点信道子字段中的参数，同时将信道切换到同一个预设锚点信道(即第二信道)，保证终端设备和网络设备处于同一预设锚点信道。
一种可能的实施例中，非主信道选择参数字段可以如下图14所示，即，非主信道选择参数字段可以包括第一目标生存传输时间子字段、超时子字段、时间间隔子字段、持续时间子字段、和锚点信道子字段。
示例性的，当网络设备或终端设备进入SM模式后，第一目标生存传输时间子字段、超时子字段、时间间隔子字段、持续时间子字段、和锚点信道子字段同时出现，或者同时不出现，可以根据控制字段指示是否出现。
其中，当第一目标生存传输时间子字段、超时子字段、时间间隔子字段、持续时间子字段、和锚点信道子字段同时出现时，第一目标生存传输时间子字段、超时子字段、时间间隔子字段、持续时间子字段、和锚点信道子字段均为2个8位字节。
其中，锚点信道子字段可以包括下述一种或多种：锚点信道数量子字段、重传子字段、主信道子字段、或一个或多个预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段。
其中，锚点信道数量子字段用于指示预设锚点信道的数量。
示例性的，网络设备或者终端设备可以根据锚点信道数量子字段，确定哪些预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段有效，哪些预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段无效。
例如，以锚点信道数量子字段为2为例，只有2个预设锚点信道的标识信息有效，其他预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段预留。
其中，重传子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的一个周期中同一预设锚点信道上可尝试发送或接收第一指示信息的最大次数。
其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。
关于尝试的概念，可以将网络设备向终端设备发送第一指示信息，并接收来自终端设备的确认信息的尝试性动作，称为一次尝试。如，上述网络设备和终端设备在第一信道上进行一次尝试可以确定该第一信道的信道状态是否为空闲。
示例性的，网络设备和终端设备可以根据重传子字段指示的重传的次数，进行多次尝试，尝试次数的上限为重传子字段指示的重传的次数加一。当达到尝试次数的上限后，确定第一信道的信道状态为繁忙，则认为第一信道不可用，则网络设备和终端设备切换到下一预设锚点信道，对下一预设锚点信道进行多次尝试，确定可以用的预设锚点信道。
可以理解的是，终端设备或网络设备也可以在预设锚点信道上根据重传子字段，进行多次尝试。
一种可能的实现中，以重传的次数为3，第一信道为主信道为例，终端设备和网络设备在主信道上经过4次尝试后，确定主信道的信道状态为繁忙，则切换信道到第二信道(如预设锚点信道1)上，同样，终端设备在预设锚点信道1上经过4次尝试后，确定预设锚点信道1的信道状态为繁忙，则切换信道到预设锚点信道2上，继续进行上述操作，直到确定信道状态为空闲的预设锚点信道。如果终端设备和网络设备在所有预设锚点信道上进行4次尝试后，确定信道状态为繁忙，则终端设备和网络设备重新回到主信道上。
其中，每个预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段用于指示预设锚点信道的标识信息。
可选的，多个预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段可以为预设锚点信道的标识信息1子字段、预设锚点信道的标识信息2子字段、预设锚点信道的标识信息3子字段、预设锚点信道的标识信息4子字段。
示例性的，终端设备或网络设备可以根据一个或多个锚点信道的标识信息子字段的顺序，确定切换的预设锚点信道。
例如，网络设备和终端设备多次尝试后确定第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，可以切换到锚点信道的标识信息1子字段关联的第一预设锚点信道，同样的，网络设备和终端设备可以在第一预设锚点信道上进行多次尝试，如果第一预设锚点信道多次尝试后信道状态为繁忙，网络设备和终端设备可以切换到锚点信道的标识信息2子字段关联的第二预设锚点信道，以此类推，确定信道状态为空闲的预设锚点信道。
可以理解的是，如果所有预设锚点信道的尝试均不成功，即所有预设锚点信道的信道状态均为繁忙，则网络设备和终端设备将信道切换到主信道。
其中，主信道子字段用于指示主信道的标识信息。
例如，主信道的标识信息可以为主信道的位置标识信息(identity，ID)。
可选的，网络设备或者终端设备可以根据主信道子字段和每个预设锚点信道的标识信息字段，确定预设锚点信道在信道中所在的位置。
示例性的，以共有8个20MHz带宽的子信道，主信道子字段为3，预设锚点信道的标识信息1子字段为5为例，则预设锚点信道的标识信息1子字段关联的预设锚点信道在信道中的位置为主信道高频率处的第二个20MHz带宽的子信道。
一种可能的实施例中，锚点信道子字段可以如下图15所示，锚点信道子字段包括：锚点信道数量子字段、重传子字段、主信道子字段、预设锚点信道的标识信息1子字段、预设锚点信道的标识信息2子字段、预设锚点信道的标识信息3子字段、预设锚点信道的标识信息4子字段。
其中，锚点信道数量子字段、和重传子字段均为2比特，主信道子字、预设锚点信道的标识信息1子字段、预设锚点信道的标识信息2子字段、预设锚点信道的标识信息3子字段、预设锚点信道的标识信息4子字段均为4比特。
可选的，指示信息可以为包括SM帧，也可以包括其他任一种帧，不予限制。
一种可能的实施例中，非主信道选择参数字段的任一子字段出现，均视为非主信道选择参数字段出现。当第二指示信息和第四指示信息用于指示进入SM模式时，非主信道选择参数字段的所有子字段均出现或均不出现；当第二指示信息用于指示SM模式关联的参数的更新时，非主信道选择参数字段的子字段可有选择地出现，即需要被更新的SM参数对应的子字段出现，此时，对应的第四指示信息的非主信道选择参数字段包含且只包含第二指示信息的非主信道选择参数字段包含的子字段。
其中，SM帧可以为SM动作(action)帧，也可以为SM元素(element)的管理帧。
一种可能的实施例中，以SM帧为SM action帧为例，SM action帧的帧结构可以如下图16所示，SM action帧可以包括：类别(Category)字段、对话标记(Dialog Token)字段、控制字段和非主信道选择 参数字段。
其中，类别字段需要重新分配新的类别值，用于指示action帧为SM action帧，作为SM action帧的标识；对话标记字段用于指示对应的协商流程；控制字段和非主信道选择参数字段和上述控制字段和非主信道选择参数字段的描述一致，在此不作赘述。
其中，类别字段、和对话标记字段均为1个8位字节；控制字段为1个8位字节；非主信道选择参数字段的比特数为可变的。
示例性的，以第二指示信息和第三指示信息为例，当第二指示信息和第三指示信息为同一协商流程且都包括SM action帧时，第二指示信息的对话标记字段和第三指示信息的对话标记字段的值可以为同一个值。
另一种可能的实施例中，以SM帧为SM element帧为例，SM element的帧结构可以如下图17所示，SM element帧可以包括：元素标识信息(element identity，Element ID)字段、长度(Length)字段、额外元素标识信息(Element ID Extension)字段，控制字段和非主信道选择参数字段。
其中，元素标识信息字段和额外元素标识信息字段需要重新分配新元素值，用于指示element帧为SM element帧；长度字段用于指示SM element的帧的长度，控制字段和非主信道选择参数字段和上述控制字段和非主信道选择参数字段的描述一致，在此不作赘述。
其中，元素标识信息标识号字段、长度字段、和额外元素标识信息字段均为1个8位字节；控制字段为1个8位字节；非主信道选择参数字段的比特数为可变的。
需要说明的是，本申请的各个实施例可以独立实施，也可以结合起来实施，不予限制。如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，本申请提供的不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
可以理解的，本申请实施例中，执行主体可以执行本申请实施例中的部分或全部步骤，这些步骤或操作仅是示例，本申请实施例还可以执行其它操作或者各种操作的变形。此外，各个步骤可以按照本申请实施例呈现的不同的顺序来执行，并且有可能并非要执行本申请实施例中的全部操作。
上述主要从各个设备之间交互的角度对本申请提供的方案进行了介绍。相应的，本申请还提供了通信装置，该通信装置用于实现上述各种方法。该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例涉及的终端设备，或者包含该终端设备的装置，或者为可用于该终端设备的部件；或者该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例涉及的网络设备，或者包含该网络设备的装置，或者为可用于该网络设备的部件；或者，该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的终端设备，或者包含上述终端设备的装置，或者为可用于终端设备的部件。
可以理解的是，该通信装置为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法实施例对通信装置进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
一种实施场景下，以通信装置为上述方法实施例中的终端设备为例，图18示出了一种终端设备180的结构示意图。其中，该终端设备180包括处理模块1801和收发模块1802。
在一些实施例中，该终端设备180还可以包括存储模块(图18中未示出)，用于存储程序指令和数据。
在一些实施例中，收发模块1802，也可以称为收发单元用以实现发送和/或接收功能。该收发模块1802可以由收发电路，收发机，收发器或者通信接口构成。
在一些实施例中，收发模块1802，可以包括接收模块和发送模块，分别用于执行上述方法实施例中由终端设备执行的接收和发送类的步骤，和/或用于支持本文所描述的技术的其它过程；处理模块1801，可以用于执行上述方法实施例中由终端设备执行的处理类(例如确定、生成等)的步骤，和/或用于支持本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
一种示例性的，收发模块1802，用于接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；收发模块1802，还用于根据第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，向网络设备发送第一指示信息对应的确认信息；处理模块1801，用于根据第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
一种可能的实现中，处理模块1801，还用于确定第二预设时长；收发模块1802，还用于在第二预设时长内，接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息。
另一种示例性的，处理模块1801，用于确定第二预设时长；处理模块1801，用于如果在第二预设时长内未接收到来自网络设备的第一指示信息，在第二预设时长之后，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道；其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1802，还用于接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息；其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；处理模块1801，还用于根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1802，还用于第二指示信息，向网络设备发送第三指示信息；其中，第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1802，还用于向网络设备发送第二指示信息；其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式，第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；处理模块1801，还用于根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1802，还用于接收来自网络设备的第三指示信息；其中，第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1802，还用于向网络设备发送第二指示信息；其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式；第二指示信息不包括SM模式关联的参数；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；收发模块1802，还用于接收来自网络设备的第四指示信息；其中，第四指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；处理模块1801，还用于根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定终端设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1802，还用于向网络设备发送第三指示信息；其中，第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，处理模块1801，还用于根据SM模式关联的参数，确定第二预设时长。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，指示信息包括控制字段，控制字段包括下述一种或多种：拆除子字段、发起子字段、或成功子字段；其中，拆除子字段用于指示是否退出SM模式；发起子字段用于指示是否发起进入SM模式或发起SM参数的更新；成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，指示信息还包括非主信道选择参数字段，非主信道选择参数字段用于指示SM模式关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，非主信道选择参数字段包括下述一种或多种：第一目标生存传输时间子字段、超时子字段、时间间隔子字段、持续时间子字段、或锚点信道子字段；其中，第一目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示第一次信道可用性检测的起始时间；超时子字段用于结合第一指示信息承载的帧的时长共同指示网络设备完成向终端设备发送第一指示信息的时长的最大值；时间间隔子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的周期；持续时长子字段用于指示从第一目标生存传输子字段承载的时刻值开始，SM模式的持续时长；锚点信道子字段用于指示预设锚点信道关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，锚点信道子字段包括下述一种或多种：锚点信道数量子字段、重传子字段、主信道子字段、或一个或多个预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段；其中，锚点信道的数量子字段用于指示预设锚点信道的个数；重传子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的一个周期中同一预设锚点信道上可尝试发送或接收第一指示信息的最大次数；第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一 信道的信道状态为空闲；主信道子字段用于指示主信道的标识信息；每个预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段用于指示预设锚点信道的标识信息。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，控制字段还包括下述一种或多种：第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段、存在超时子字段、存在时间间隔子字段、存在锚点信道子字段、存在持续时间子字段；其中，第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示第一目标生存传输时间子字段是否出现；存在超时子字段用于指示超时子字段是否出现；存在时间间隔子字段用于指示时间间隔子字段是否出现；存在锚点信道子字段用于指示锚点信道子字段是否出现；存在持续时间子字段用于指示持续时间子字段是否出现。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1802，还用于向网络设备发送第五指示信息；其中，第五指示信息用于指示退出SM模式；收发模块1802，还用于接收来自网络设备的第五指示信息对应的确认信息；处理模块1801，还用于根据第五指示信息对应的确认信息，退出SM模式。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，处理模块1801，还用于根据SM模式关联的参数，确定SM模式的持续时长；处理模块1801，还用于在持续时长之后，退出SM模式。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1802，还用于接收来自网络设备的第五指示信息；其中，第五指示信息用于指示退出SM模式；处理模块1801，还用于根据第五指示信息，退出SM模式。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，第五指示信息包括控制字段，控制字段包括下述一种或多种：拆除子字段、发起子字段、或成功子字段；其中，拆除子字段用于指示是否退出SM模式；发起子字段用于指示是否发起进入SM模式或更新SM模式的参数；成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数。
在本申请中，该终端设备180以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的形式来呈现。这里的“模块”可以指ASIC，电路，执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器和存储器，集成逻辑电路，和/或其他可以提供上述功能的器件。
在一些实施例中，在硬件实现上，本领域的技术人员可以想到该终端设备180可以采用图3所示的通信装置30的形式。
作为一种示例，图18中的处理模块1801的功能/实现过程可以通过图3所示的通信装置30中的处理器301调用存储器303中存储的计算机执行指令来实现。图18中的收发模块1802的功能/实现过程可以通过图3所示的通信装置30中的通信接口304来实现。
在一些实施例中，当图18中的终端设备180是芯片或芯片系统时，收发模块1802的功能/实现过程可以通过芯片或芯片系统的输入输出接口(或通信接口)实现，处理模块1801的功能/实现过程可以通过芯片或芯片系统的处理器(或者处理电路)实现。
由于本实施例提供的终端设备180可执行上述方法，因此其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
另一种种实施场景下，以通信装置为上述方法实施例中的网络设备为例，图19示出了一种网络设备190的结构示意图。其中，该网络设备190包括处理模块1901和收发模块1902。
在一些实施例中，该网络设备190还可以包括存储模块(图19中未示出)，用于存储程序指令和数据。
在一些实施例中，收发模块1902，也可以称为收发单元用以实现发送和/或接收功能。该收发模块1902可以由收发电路，收发机，收发器或者通信接口构成。
在一些实施例中，收发模块1902，可以包括接收模块和发送模块，分别用于执行上述方法实施例中由网络设备执行的接收和发送类的步骤，和/或用于支持本文所描述的技术的其它过程；处理模块1901，可以用于执行上述方法实施例中由网络设备执行的处理类(例如确定、生成等)的步骤，和/或用于支持本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
一种示例性的，处理模块1901，用于确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态；收发模块1902，用于当信道状态为空闲时，向终端设备发送第一指示信息；其中，第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；收发模块1902，还用于接收来自终端设备的第一指示信息对应的确认信息；处理模块1901，还用于根据第一指示信息，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
一种可能的实现中，处理模块1901，还用于确定第二预设时长；收发模块1902，还用于在第二预设时长内，向终端设备发送第一指示信息。
另一种示例性的，处理模块1901，用于确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态；处理模块1901，还用于确定第二预设时长；处理模块1901，还用于当信道状态为繁忙时，在第二预设时长之后，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1902，还用于向终端设备发送第二指示信息；其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；第二指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；处理模块1901，还用于根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1902，还用于接收来自终端设备的第三指示信息；其中，第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1902，还用于接收来自终端设备的第二指示信息；其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；第二指示信包括SM模式关联的参数；处理模块1901，还用于根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1902，还用于向终端设备发送第三指示信息；其中，第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1902，还用于接收来自终端设备的第二指示信息；其中，第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式；第二指示信息不包括SM模式关联的参数；SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；收发模块1902，还用于向终端设备发送第四指示信息；其中第四指示信息包括SM模式关联的参数；处理模块1901，还用于根据SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1902，还用于接收来自终端设备的第三指示信息；其中，第三指示信息用于指示同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，处理模块1901，还用于根据SM模式关联的参数，确定第二预设时长。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，指示信息包括控制字段，控制字段包括下述一种或多种：拆除子字段、发起子字段、或成功子字段；其中，拆除子字段用于指示是否退出SM模式；发起子字段用于指示是否发起进入SM模式；成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，指示信息还包括非主信道选择参数字段，非主信道选择参数字段用于指示SM模式关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，非主信道选择参数字段包括下述一种或多种：第一目标生存传输时间子字段、超时子字段、时间间隔子字段、持续时间子字段、或锚点信道子字段；其中，第一目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示第一次信道可用性检测的起始时间；超时子字段用于结合第一指示信息承载的帧的时长共同指示网络设备完成向终端设备发送第一指示信息的时长的最大值；时间间隔子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的周期；持续时长子字段用于指示从第一目标生存传输子字段承载的时刻值开始，SM模式的持续时长；锚点信道子字段用于指示预设锚点信道关联的参数。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，锚点信道子字段包括下述一种或多种：锚点信道数量子字段、重传子字段、主信道子字段、或一个或多个预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段；其中，锚点信道的数量子字段用于指示预设锚点信道的个数；重传子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的一个周期中同一预设锚点信道上可尝试发送或接收第一指示信息的最大次数；第一指示信息用于指示网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；主信道子字段用于指示主信道的标识信息；每个预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段用于指示预设锚点信道的标识信息。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，控制字段还包括下述一种或多种：第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段、存在超时子字段、存在时间间隔子字段、存在锚点信道子字段、存在持续时间子字段；其中，第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示第一目标生存传输时间子字段是否出现；存在超时子字段用于指示超时子字段是否出现；存在时间间隔子字段用于指示时间间隔子字段是否出现；存在锚点信道子字段用于指示锚点信道子字段是否出现；存在持续时间子字段用于指示持续时间子字段是否出现。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1902，还用于接收来自终端设备的第五指示信息； 其中，第五指示信息用于指示退出SM模式；收发模块1902，还用于向终端设备发送第五指示信息对应的确认信息；处理模块1901，还用于根据第五指示信息对应的确认信息，退出SM模式。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，处理模块1901，还用于根据SM模式关联的参数，确定SM模式的持续时长；处理模块1901，还用于在持续时长之后，退出SM模式。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，收发模块1902，还用于向终端设备发送第五指示信息；其中，第五指示信息用于指示退出SM模式；处理模块1901，还用于退出SM模式。
基于上述两种示例，一种可能的实现中，第五指示信息包括控制字段，控制字段包括下述一种或多种：拆除子字段、发起子字段、或成功子字段；其中，拆除子字段用于指示是否退出SM模式；发起子字段用于指示是否发起进入SM模式；成功子字段用于指示是否同意SM模式关联的参数。
在本申请中，该网络设备190以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的形式来呈现。这里的“模块”可以指ASIC，电路，执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器和存储器，集成逻辑电路，和/或其他可以提供上述功能的器件。
在一些实施例中，在硬件实现上，本领域的技术人员可以想到该网络设备190可以采用图3所示的通信装置30的形式。
作为一种示例，图19中的处理模块1901的功能/实现过程可以通过图3所示的通信装置30中的处理器301调用存储器303中存储的计算机执行指令来实现。图19中的收发模块1902的功能/实现过程可以通过图3所示的通信装置30中的通信接口304来实现。
在一些实施例中，当图19中的网络设备190是芯片或芯片系统时，收发模块1902的功能/实现过程可以通过芯片或芯片系统的输入输出接口(或通信接口)实现，处理模块1901的功能/实现过程可以通过芯片或芯片系统的处理器(或者处理电路)实现。
由于本实施例提供的网络设备190可执行上述方法，因此其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
作为一种可能的产品形态，本申请实施例所述的终端设备或网络设备，还可以使用下述来实现：一个或多个现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)、可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)、控制器、状态机、门逻辑、分立硬件部件、任何其它适合的电路、或者能够执行本申请通篇所描述的各种功能的电路的任意组合。
作为另一种可能的产品形态，本申请实施例所述的终端设备或网络设备，可以由一般性的总线体系结构来实现。为了便于说明，参见图20，图20是本申请实施例提供的通信装置200的结构示意图，该通信装置200包括处理器2001和收发器2002。该通信装置200可以为终端设备，或其中的芯片或模块；或者，该通信装置200可以为网络设备，或其中的芯片或模块。图8仅示出了通信装置200的主要部件。除处理器2001和收发器2002之外，所述通信装置还可以进一步包括存储器2003。
可选的，处理器2001主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对整个通信装置进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。存储器2003主要用于存储软件程序和数据。收发器2002可以包括射频电路和天线，射频电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。
可选的，处理器2001、收发器2002、以及存储器2003可以通过通信总线连接。
当通信装置开机后，处理器2001可以读取存储器2003中的软件程序，解释并执行软件程序的指令，处理软件程序的数据。当需要通过无线发送数据时，处理器2001对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行射频处理后将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到通信装置时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，将射频信号转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器2001，处理器2001将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。
在另一种实现中，所述的射频电路和天线可以独立于进行基带处理的处理器而设置，例如在分布式场景中，射频电路和天线可以与独立于通信装置，呈拉远式的布置。
在一些实施例中，本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括处理器，用于实现上述任一方法实施例中的方法。该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的终端设备或网络设备。
作为一种可能的实现方式，该通信装置还包括存储器。该存储器，用于保存必要的计算机程序和数据。该计算机程序可以包括指令，处理器可以调用存储器中存储的计算机程序中的指令以指令该通信装 置执行上述任一方法实施例中的方法。当然，存储器也可以不在该通信装置中。
作为另一种可能的实现方式，该通信装置还包括接口电路，该接口电路为代码/数据读写接口电路，该接口电路用于接收计算机执行指令(计算机执行指令存储在存储器中，可能直接从存储器读取，或可能经过其他器件)并传输至该处理器。
作为又一种可能的实现方式，该通信装置还包括通信接口，该通信接口用于与该通信装置之外的模块通信。
可以理解的是，该通信装置可以是芯片或芯片系统，该通信装置是芯片系统时，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本申请还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序或指令，该计算机程序或指令被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
本申请还提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
可以理解，本申请中描述的系统、装置和方法也可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件程序实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式来实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序指令时，本申请实施例所述的全部或部分流程(或功能)被实现。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或者数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可以用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)，光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state drive，SSD))等。本申请实施例中,计算机可以包括前面所述的装置。
尽管在此结合各实施例对本申请进行了描述，然而，在实施所要求保护的本申请过程中，本领域技术人员通过查看所述附图、公开内容、以及所附权利要求书，可理解并实现所述公开实施例的其他变化。在权利要求中，“包括”(comprising)一词不排除其他组成部分或步骤，“一”或“一个”不排除多个的情况。单个处理器或其他单元可以实现权利要求中列举的若干项功能。相互不同的从属权利要求中记载了某些措施，但这并不表示这些措施不能组合起来产生良好的效果。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述，显而易见的，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地，本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明，且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；
    根据接收到所述第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的所述第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，向所述网络设备发送所述第一指示信息对应的确认信息；或者，
    根据接收到所述第一指示信息，确定所述终端设备占用的所述第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道；其中，所述第二信道为预设锚点信道。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息，包括：
    确定第二预设时长；
    在所述第二预设时长内，接收来自所述网络设备的所述第一指示信息。
  3. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    确定第二预设时长；
    如果在所述第二预设时长内未接收到来自网络设备的第一指示信息，在所述第二预设时长之后，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；其中，所述第二信道为预设锚点信道。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述网络设备的第二指示信息；其中，所述第二指示信息用于指示发起进入生存监测SM模式；所述第二指示信息包括所述SM模式关联的参数；所述SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；
    根据所述SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定所述终端设备占用的所述第一信道的信道状态。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第二指示信息，向所述网络设备发送第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息用于指示同意所述SM模式关联的参数。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述网络设备发送第二指示信息；其中，所述第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式；所述第二指示信息包括所述SM模式关联的参数；所述SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；
    根据所述SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定所述终端设备占用的所述第一信道的信道状态。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测之前，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述网络设备的第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息用于指示同意所述SM模式关联的参数。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述网络设备发送第二指示信息；其中，所述第二指示信息用于指示发起进入SM模式；所述SM模式为周期性确定信道的信道状态的模式；
    接收来自所述网络设备的第四指示信息；其中，所述第四指示信息包括所述SM模式关联的参数；
    根据所述SM模式关联的参数，周期性进行信道可用性检测，确定所述终端设备占用的所述第一信道的信道状态。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述网络设备发送第三指示信息；其中，所述第三指示信息用于指示同意所述SM模式关联的参数。
  10. 根据权利要求4-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    根据所述SM模式关联的参数，确定第二预设时长。
  11. 根据权利要求4-10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息包括控制字段，
    所述控制字段包括下述一种或多种：拆除子字段、发起子字段、或成功子字段；
    其中，所述拆除子字段用于指示是否退出所述SM模式；所述发起子字段用于指示是否发起进入所 述SM模式；所述成功子字段用于指示是否同意所述SM模式关联的参数。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息还包括非主信道选择参数字段，
    所述非主信道选择参数字段用于指示所述SM模式关联的参数。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述非主信道选择参数字段包括下述一种或多种：
    第一目标生存传输时间子字段、超时子字段、时间间隔子字段、持续时间子字段、或锚点信道子字段；
    其中，所述第一目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示第一次信道可用性检测的起始时间；
    所述超时子字段用于指示所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送第一指示信息的持续时长的最大值；
    所述时间间隔子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的周期；
    所述持续时长子字段用于指示从所述第一目标生存传输时间子字段开始，所述SM模式的持续时长；
    所述锚点信道子字段用于指示所述第二信道关联的参数。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述锚点信道子字段包括下述一种或多种：
    锚点信道数量子字段、重传子字段、主信道子字段、或一个或多个预设锚点信道的标识信息子字段；
    其中，所述锚点信道的数量子字段用于指示所述预设锚点信道的个数；
    所述重传子字段用于指示信道可用性检测的一个周期中同一预设锚点信道上可尝试发送或接收第一指示信息的最大次数；所述第一指示信息用于指示所述网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；
    所述主信道子字段用于指示主信道的标识信息；
    每个锚点信道的标识信息子字段用于指示所述预设锚点信道的标识信息。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述控制字段还包括下述一种或多种：第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段、存在超时子字段、存在时间间隔子字段、存在锚点信道子字段、或存在持续时间子字段；
    其中，所述第一存在目标生存传输时间子字段用于指示所述第一目标生存传输时间子字段是否出现；
    所述存在超时子字段用于所述超时子字段是否出现；
    所述存在时间间隔子字段用于指示所述时间间隔子字段是否出现；
    所述存在锚点信道子字段用于指示所述锚点信道子字段是否出现；
    所述存在持续时间子字段用于指示所述持续时间子字段是否出现。
  16. 根据权利要求4-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述网络设备发送第五指示信息；其中，所述第五指示信息用于指示退出所述SM模式；
    接收来自所述网络设备的所述第五指示信息对应的确认信息；
    根据所述第五指示信息对应的确认信息，退出所述SM模式。
  17. 根据权利要求4-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述SM模式关联的参数，确定所述SM模式的持续时长；
    在所述持续时长之后，退出所述SM模式。
  18. 根据权利要求4-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述网络设备的第五指示信息；其中，所述第五指示信息用于指示退出所述SM模式；
    根据所述第五指示信息，退出所述SM模式。
  19. 根据权利要求16-18任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第五指示信息包括控制字段，
    所述控制字段包括下述一种或多种：拆除子字段、发起子字段、或成功子字段；
    其中，所述拆除子字段用于指示是否退出所述SM模式；所述发起子字段用于指示是否发起进入所述SM模式；所述成功子字段用于指示是否同意所述SM模式关联的参数。
  20. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态；
    当所述信道状态为空闲时，向终端设备发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述网络设备占用的所述第一信道的信道状态为空闲；
    接收来自所述终端设备的第一指示信息对应的确认信息；或者，
    根据所述第一指示信息，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道；其中，所述第二信道为预设锚点信道。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述向终端设备发送第一指示信息，包括：
    确定第二预设时长；
    在所述第二预设时长内，向所述终端设备发送所述第一指示信息。
  22. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态；
    确定第二预设时长；
    当所述信道状态为繁忙时，在所述第二预设时长之后，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道；其中，所述第二信道为预设锚点信道。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发模块，用于接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲；
    所述收发模块，还用于根据所述第一指示信息，确定终端设备占用的所述第一信道的信道状态为空闲时，向所述网络设备发送所述第一指示信息对应的确认信息；
    处理模块，用于根据所述第一指示信息，确定所述终端设备占用的所述第一信道的信道状态为繁忙时，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
  24. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理模块，用于确定第二预设时长；
    所述处理模块，还用于如果在所述第二预设时长内未接收到来自网络设备的第一指示信息，在所述第二预设时长之后，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态为空闲。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理模块，用于确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态；
    收发模块，用于当所述信道状态为空闲时，向终端设备发送第一指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述网络设备占用的所述第一信道的信道状态为空闲；
    所述收发模块，还用于接收来自所述终端设备的第一指示信息对应的确认信息；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第一指示信息，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
  26. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理模块，用于确定网络设备占用的第一信道的信道状态；
    所述处理模块，还用于确定第二预设时长；
    所述处理模块，还用于当所述信道状态为繁忙时，在所述第二预设时长之后，在第一预设时间点，将信道切换到第二信道。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括处理器；所述处理器，用于运行计算机程序或指令，或者用于通过逻辑电路，以使所述通信装置执行如使得如权利要求1-2、4-19任一项所述的通信方法，或者，使得通信装置执行如权利要求3-19任一项所述的通信方法，或者使得通信装置执行如权利要求20或21所述的通信方法，或者，或者使得通信装置执行如权利要求22所述的通信方法。
  28. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机指令或程序，当计算机指令或程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述通信装置执行如使得如权利要求1-2、4-19任一项所述的通信方法，或者，使得通信装置执行如权利要求3-19任一项所述的通信方法，或者使得通信装置执行如权利要求20或21所述的通信方法，或者，或者使得通信装置执行如权利要求22所述的通信方法。
  29. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机指令；当部分或全部所述计算机指令被运行时，使得如权利要求1-2、4-19任一项所述的通信方法被执行，或者，使得如权利要求3-19任一项所述的通信方法被执行，或者使得如权利要求20或21所述的通信方法被执行，或者，或者使得如权利要求22所述的通信方法被执行。
  30. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述通信系统包括终端设备和网络设备；其中，所述终端设备用于执行如权利要求1-2、4-19任一项所述的通信方法，所述终端设备用于执行如权利要求3-19任一项所述的通信方法，所述网络设备用于执行如权利要求20或21所述的通信方法，所述网络设备用于执行如权利要求22所述的通信方法。
PCT/CN2024/114611 2023-08-28 2024-08-26 通信方法及装置 Pending WO2025044995A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311097360.3A CN119545395A (zh) 2023-08-28 2023-08-28 通信方法及装置
CN202311097360.3 2023-08-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025044995A1 true WO2025044995A1 (zh) 2025-03-06

Family

ID=94701139

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2024/114611 Pending WO2025044995A1 (zh) 2023-08-28 2024-08-26 通信方法及装置

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN119545395A (zh)
WO (1) WO2025044995A1 (zh)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104412690A (zh) * 2012-06-27 2015-03-11 诺基亚公司 Wlan中同步的基于dcf的信道访问中的隐藏节点问题的解决
CN107046733A (zh) * 2017-03-16 2017-08-15 中山大学 基于信道预约机制的可见光全双工连续传输随机接入方法
US20170303312A1 (en) * 2014-10-10 2017-10-19 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. System and methods for detection of hidden nodes in cellular systems on unlicensed bands
CN114258148A (zh) * 2020-09-21 2022-03-29 华为技术有限公司 无线局域网中的信道接入方法及相关装置
WO2022222488A1 (zh) * 2021-04-21 2022-10-27 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 无线通信方法与装置、站点和接入点

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104412690A (zh) * 2012-06-27 2015-03-11 诺基亚公司 Wlan中同步的基于dcf的信道访问中的隐藏节点问题的解决
US20170303312A1 (en) * 2014-10-10 2017-10-19 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. System and methods for detection of hidden nodes in cellular systems on unlicensed bands
CN107046733A (zh) * 2017-03-16 2017-08-15 中山大学 基于信道预约机制的可见光全双工连续传输随机接入方法
CN114258148A (zh) * 2020-09-21 2022-03-29 华为技术有限公司 无线局域网中的信道接入方法及相关装置
WO2022222488A1 (zh) * 2021-04-21 2022-10-27 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 无线通信方法与装置、站点和接入点

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN119545395A (zh) 2025-02-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20230007684A1 (en) Method and apparatus for coordinated communication
US10194468B2 (en) Wireless channel reservation
JP2024149610A (ja) チャネル競合方法及び関連機器
WO2023284648A1 (zh) 一种信道接入方法及装置
US12010570B2 (en) Method and device for establishing aggregated connection
US20230074305A1 (en) Resource determining method, apparatus, and system
US20230049532A1 (en) Random access method and terminal device
WO2021254234A1 (zh) 信道竞争方法及相关装置
WO2015109599A1 (zh) 无线通信方法、接入点和站点
WO2015131402A1 (zh) 一种数据通信的方法、站点及系统
WO2024045858A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
WO2025044995A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
WO2025030995A1 (zh) 一种资源集选择方法及通信装置
JP2025529716A (ja) トリガ送信機会共有メカニズムに基づく通信方法及び通信装置
KR20240099491A (ko) 사이드링크 통신 방법 및 관련 장치
WO2025138164A1 (zh) 无线通信方法以及通信设备
US20240155650A1 (en) Resource selection method and apparatus
EP4583609A1 (en) Communication method and device
US12035335B2 (en) Sidelink communication method and apparatus
US12075479B2 (en) Communication method and terminal device
WO2025087094A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
CN110199565B (zh) 非授权频段上的随机接入方法、装置及存储介质
WO2025107101A1 (zh) 无线通信的方法以及通信设备
WO2025098395A1 (zh) 通信方法及相关装置
WO2025152726A1 (zh) 小区接入方法及装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 24858531

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1