WO2024239075A1 - Autonomous agricultural vehicle for various uses - Google Patents
Autonomous agricultural vehicle for various uses Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024239075A1 WO2024239075A1 PCT/BR2023/050260 BR2023050260W WO2024239075A1 WO 2024239075 A1 WO2024239075 A1 WO 2024239075A1 BR 2023050260 W BR2023050260 W BR 2023050260W WO 2024239075 A1 WO2024239075 A1 WO 2024239075A1
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- Prior art keywords
- agricultural vehicle
- autonomous agricultural
- symmetrically
- autonomous
- independent
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B51/00—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus
- A01B51/02—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus propelled by a motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L8/00—Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D49/00—Tractors
- B62D49/06—Tractors adapted for multi-purpose use
Definitions
- This patent relates to agricultural vehicles in general, more specifically to an autonomous agricultural vehicle for diverse applications which, according to its general characteristics, has as its basic principle to provide the formation of an autonomous agricultural vehicle in its own specific electromechanical structure and based on a structuring chassis, four motorized displacement wheels, two sets of capture/supply of clean solar and/or wind energy, and a set of control/orientation of the agricultural vehicle, with a view to enabling in an extremely practical, safe and precise manner a complete optimization of the routine procedures carried out in the agricultural cultivation soil with significant time and financial savings for rural producers by directly replacing traditional medium and large-sized diesel-powered agricultural machines in the performance of most of the routine tasks performed by these agricultural machines and, based on this, an autonomous agricultural vehicle with great resistance, safety and versatility.
- Agricultural machinery is all equipment capable of performing tasks that were previously performed exclusively by human labor, that is, machines specifically designed to fully perform or assist in the execution of agricultural procedures through various matrices with specific mechanical structures and devices. Because they involve different processes, there are several types of agricultural machinery, each responsible for a different type of function, such as soil preparation, implementation, sowing, planting seedlings, irrigation, harvesting, fertilization and other functions.
- Autonomous vehicles are one of the main trends for agriculture in the coming years, as they are capable of automating much of the routine work performed in the planting field and can assume responsibilities in the field safely and efficiently, being very different from a machine with autopilot.
- the autonomous vehicle is capable of operating without direct human intervention, that is, it can travel and operate in the field without a driver at the wheel, using guidance through sensors, cameras and GPS among other equipment.
- drones also have important limitations, as they can transport very little agricultural pesticides and have a very short flight time, in many cases not exceeding fifteen minutes of autonomy.
- the patent in question is characterized by bringing together components and processes in a differentiated design, which will meet the various requirements that the nature of use demands, that is, execution of procedures in agricultural crops autonomously and remotely.
- This design guarantees an autonomous agricultural vehicle of great efficiency, functionality, resistance, durability, safety, versatility, economy and precision, due to the excellent aggregated technical qualities, which provides advantages and improvements in routine and mechanized handling procedures in agricultural crops in general and, whose general characteristics, differ from other forms and models known by the current state of the art.
- the present patent consists of the use of a modern, efficient, safe and functional autonomous agricultural vehicle for diverse applications formed by a set of correctly incorporated electromechanical and agricultural solutions, composing a complete and differentiated autonomous agricultural vehicle with exclusive design, excellent finishing details and its own characteristics, which incorporates its own and specific structure, of high durability and resistance, similar in shape to an inverted "U" and containing perfectly integrated with each other a chassis as a structuring element of the agricultural vehicle, four motorized wheels as support and displacement elements of the agricultural vehicle, two energy capture/supply sets as elements of electrical energy transfer to the agricultural vehicle, and a control set as an element of command, control and orientation of the agricultural vehicle, in order to enable the formation of a unique, complete and safe set, whose shapes and arrangements internal and external allow perfect adaptation to a wide range of agricultural soils, terrains, agricultural crops and users in general, being specially designed for these purposes.
- the general design of the present autonomous agricultural vehicle for diverse applications which is the object of the present patent, is based entirely on its simple and robust structure with a minimum of necessary components and extremely simplified, safe and optimized operation, combined with very practical manufacturing and maintenance procedures, in order to generate an autonomous agricultural vehicle that aims primarily to optimize and make more practical the set of routine procedures carried out on the cropland, as well as to bring significant time and financial savings to rural producers by directly replacing current agricultural machines, as it can be used to perform a large part of the routine tasks performed by traditional agricultural machines powered by diesel or even other fossil fuels, primarily medium and large-sized ones.
- the autonomous agricultural vehicle is capable of covering large areas of agricultural crops with a good average operating speed, as well as producing and storing its own energy necessary for its perfect operation in the agricultural crop, that is, after each application cycle, the autonomous agricultural vehicle returns to the charging/refueling station where its batteries can be recharged with energy from clean sources, since the autonomous agricultural vehicle generates its own energy from a set of photovoltaic panels and vertical wind turbines arranged at the refueling stations.
- the autonomous agricultural vehicle enables the perfect, safe and versatile coupling of a wide range of agricultural implements routinely used in crop management directly to its structural chassis, such as cutting discs, spray bars, seed application seeders, land geolocators, leveling planers and liquid product and grain tanks.
- the present autonomous agricultural vehicle is based on application of components and processes in a differentiated design, without, however, reaching a high degree of sophistication and complexity, making it possible to solve some of the main drawbacks of other forms and models widely known by the current state of the art and used in mechanized handling procedures for agricultural crops in general, which are located in a work range in which difficulties of use and application, low efficiency and performance, low durability and resistance, low versatility, complex handling, high cost, high overall volume and weight, waste of time and complex manufacturing are very frequent.
- Figure IA represents a front perspective view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the rigid and parallelepipedal configuration.
- Figure 1B represents a rear perspective view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the rigid and parallelepipedal configuration.
- Figure 1C represents a rear view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
- Figure 1D represents a front view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
- Figure 1E represents a top view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
- Figure 1F represents a bottom view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
- Figure 1G represents a right side view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
- Figure 1H represents a left side view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
- Figure 2 represents a front perspective view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications structured with an agricultural sprayer.
- Figure 3A represents a front perspective view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
- Figure 3B represents a rear perspective view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
- Figure 3C represents a front view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
- Figure 3D represents a rear view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
- Figure 3E represents a top view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
- Figure 3F represents a bottom view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
- Figure 3G represents a right side view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
- Figure 3H represents a left side view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
- Figure 4A represents a top perspective view of the electric charging module of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
- Figure 4B represents a bottom perspective view of the electric charging module of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
- Figure 4C represents a right side view of the electric charging module of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
- Figure 4C represents a front view of the electric charging module of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
- motorized wheels (3) each arranged vertically, perpendicularly and symmetrically at a lower end of the frame chassis (2) and comprising a pair of independent articulators (3A) arranged horizontally, parallel and symmetrically spaced from each other at a lower end of the frame chassis structure (2); a pair of shock absorbers (3B) arranged inclined, parallel and symmetrically spaced from each other and between the upper parts of the pair of independent articulators (3A) and the vertical part of the adjacent frame chassis structure (2); a lower wheel (3C) arranged vertically, perpendicularly and symmetrically centered at the free ends of the pair of independent articulators (3A) with rough terrain tire; and an internal and independent electric motor (3D) arranged vertically and symmetrically centered inside the wheel structure (3C) and at the free ends of the pair of independent articulators (3A);
- two energy collection/supply sets (4) each arranged vertically, parallel and symmetrically centered on one side of the lower part of the frame of the structuring chassis (2) and comprising two independent batteries (4A) each arranged vertically, parallel and symmetrically centered on one side of the lower part of the frame of the structuring chassis (2) and interconnected to a pair of adjacent internal and independent electric motors (3D); two frequency inverters (4B) each arranged symmetrically centered on one side of the adjacent independent battery (4 A) and interconnected between an internal and independent electric motor (3D) and the adjacent independent battery (4 A); and an anti-spark on/off circuit (4C) arranged symmetrically centered between the two frequency inverters (4B) and directly interconnected to the independent battery (4 A) adjacent;
- control set (5) arranged symmetrically aligned and spaced on the upper-rear part of the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) and comprising a telemetry module reading the parameters of the autonomous agricultural vehicle and exporting them in real time to the control application; a navigation camera detecting obstacles and generating real-time images of the agricultural crop in the remote operation of the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1); a main controller with a processor receiving the packets sent by the control application and processing them to execute the tasks; a radio control receiver in the communication interface for manual controls of the movements of the autonomous agricultural vehicle; and GPS modules with sensors providing the real position to the main controller; and
- a fairing (6) comprising a set of closing plates arranged parallel and symmetrically along the length between the profiles and plates of the external faces of the two side modules of the structural chassis (2), allowing the closing and finishing of the structural chassis (2).
- each of the four motorized wheels (3) that make up the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) is provided by means of four internal and independent electric motors (3D), each arranged inside the structure of a lower wheel (3C) and powered by two independent batteries (4A), each arranged on one side of the structure of the structuring chassis (2) of the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) and powering two adjacent internal and independent electric motors (3D), each of the internal and independent electric motors (3D) being controlled by a frequency inverter (4B) arranged adjacent to each independent battery (4A).
- each of the lower wheels (3C) is equipped with a tire for rough terrain and a pair of independent articulators (3A) or axle with independent movements supported by a pair of parallel shock absorbers (3B) from the chassis.
- the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) has its control components - command set (5), comprised of: - a telemetry module that reads various parameters of the autonomous agricultural vehicle and exports this information in real time to the control application, which is responsible for monitoring the autonomous agricultural vehicle;
- a navigation camera that detects obstacles and generates real-time images of the agricultural crop for remote operation procedures of the autonomous agricultural vehicle, as well as alerting and preventing possible accidents, being responsible for the operational safety of the autonomous agricultural vehicle;
- main controller with a processor that receives the packets sent by the control application and processes them to execute the tasks, being responsible for managing the decisions of the autonomous agricultural vehicle, managing navigation, traction of the four electric motors, application of products and battery voltage, among others;
- radio control receiver that provides the communication interface for manual controls of the autonomous agricultural vehicle's movements
- the autonomous agricultural vehicle for diverse applications can be comprised of an articulated configuration of the structuring chassis (2) in which there is:
- an articulated structural chassis (7) replacing the structural chassis (2), in a shape similar to an inverted "U” made up of interconnected profiles and plates, arranged symmetrically along the entire length of the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) and having two side modules (7A), each in a shape similar to an inverted "L” with a lower part similar to an inverted “V” and arranged perpendicularly and symmetrically aligned and coupled by means of their upper-inner ends along the entire length of the articulated structural chassis (7); and an upper articulator (7B) in a cylindrical shape and arranged perpendicularly and symmetrically centered and aligned between the upper-inner ends of the two side modules (6A); and - the four motorized wheels (8), replacing the four motorized wheels (3), each arranged vertically, perpendicularly and symmetrically at a lower end of the side modules (7 A) and comprising a lower wheel (8A) arranged vertically, perpendicularly and symmetrically centered at a lower end of the side modules (7 A) and
- the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications can be understood by a configuration as an agricultural spraying implement, in which there are storage tanks (9 A) arranged symmetrically coupled to the upper part of the structural chassis (2) or the articulated structural chassis (7) to load the agricultural pesticides and a spray bar with sprinkler nozzles (9B) arranged perpendicularly and symmetrically spaced from the upper-rear part of the structural chassis (2) or the articulated structural chassis (7) by means of support rods (9C) and interconnected to the storage tanks (9A) to apply the agricultural pesticides to the agricultural crop.
- storage tanks (9 A) arranged symmetrically coupled to the upper part of the structural chassis (2) or the articulated structural chassis (7) to load the agricultural pesticides
- a spray bar with sprinkler nozzles (9B) arranged perpendicularly and symmetrically spaced from the upper-rear part of the structural chassis (2) or the articulated structural chassis (7) by means of support rods (9C) and interconnected to the storage tanks (9A) to apply the agricultural pesticides to the agricultural crop.
- the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) is remotely controlled by means of a control application embedded in a computer and/or a smartphone as an operating interface between the operator and the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1), allowing the operator to perform and parameterize the commands and tasks to be performed that are dispatched in real time to the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1).
- These procedures include checking the level of each battery, completion status of the dispatched tasks, selecting which plots of the agricultural crop should be accessed, and the time and flow rate of products to be applied to the agricultural crops.
- the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications can be comprised of an electric charging module (A) of the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) as the place where the agricultural vehicles autonomous vehicles (1) head to recharge their independent batteries (4 A), comprising solar panels (B) and wind turbines on their upper part, in order to generate enough energy to recharge the independent batteries (4 A) of the autonomous agricultural vehicles (1) in operation, as well as comprising tanks for storage (C) and subsequent refueling of the autonomous agricultural vehicles (1); and state-of-the-art satellite internet (D) and communicates with each of the autonomous agricultural vehicles (1) through its own communication network.
- A electric charging module
- A the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1)
- independent batteries (4 A) comprising solar panels (B) and wind turbines on their upper part
- the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications, as its components are fully integrated with each other, nothing comes loose and nothing can break, bend or break, achieving a high level of performance and efficiency, combined with high durability and absolute safety. Once fully integrated with each other, the components remain attached and cohesive, thus preventing them from coming loose on their own when in use, making the assembly fully available for mechanized management procedures of a wide range of agricultural crops, replacing traditional machines. In this way, the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) can be used without any concerns, especially regarding the durability and safety of its components, as well as the safety of its users.
- the autonomous agricultural vehicle for diverse applications presents the following specific advantages: relatively low cost, so as to enable its application in agriculture by a wide range of farmers; high versatility, so as to enable the installation on its chassis of various devices for the mechanized management of crops; excellent navigability capacity, so as to enable the remote and simultaneous control of more than one agricultural vehicle in the agricultural crop; innovative structure for agricultural vehicles, so as to configure a new form and arrangement introduced for better use and manufacturing; complete set of sensors and cameras, so as to enable high versatility and safety in applications and movements in agricultural crops; significant energy autonomy through rechargeable batteries, in order to generate high operational capacity in the execution of procedures in agricultural crops, including at night; and high capacity and energy supply through solar panels arranged in the electric charging module, in order to generate low operational costs.
- this is an agricultural vehicle that will be well received by farmers who use mechanized farming in general, since the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications has numerous advantages, such as: great safety, reliability and agility in application; great yield and performance in its application due to its general design; high comfort, convenience and safety for users; very high resistance and general durability, combined with low or no wear of the assembly as a whole; totally affordable costs which allows for an excellent cost/benefit ratio; practical and safe use by the most diverse users; large range and high operational autonomy; very low and practical general maintenance; perfect and direct adaptation to the most diverse types of agricultural crops and terrains; high capacity for regulating agricultural crops; great mobility and flexibility of the assembly; excellent operational precision; and the certainty of having an autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) that fully complies with current legislation and standards and the basic conditions necessary for its application.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
"VEÍCULO AGRÍCOLA AUTÔNOMO PARA APLICAÇÕES DIVERSAS" "AUTONOMOUS AGRICULTURAL VEHICLE FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS"
[001] Refere-se a presente patente a veículos agrícolas em geral, mais especificamente a um veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas que, de acordo com as suas características gerais, possui como princípio básico propiciar a formação de um veículo agrícola autônomo em estrutura própria e específica do eletromecânica e baseada em um chassi de estruturação, quatro rodas motorizadas de deslocamento, dois conjuntos de captação/alimentação de energia limpa solar e/ou eólica, e um conjunto de comando/orientação do veículo agrícola, com vistas a possibilitar de forma extremamente prática, segura e precisa uma completa otimização nos procedimentos rotineiros realizados no solo de cultivo agrícola com elevada economia de tempo e financeira aos produtores rurais em substituição direta as tradicionais máquinas agrícolas de médio e grande porte movidas a diesel no desempenho de grande parte das tarefas rotineiras executadas por estas máquinas agrícolas e, tendo como base, um veículo agrícola autônomo com grande resistência, segurança e versatilidade. [001] This patent relates to agricultural vehicles in general, more specifically to an autonomous agricultural vehicle for diverse applications which, according to its general characteristics, has as its basic principle to provide the formation of an autonomous agricultural vehicle in its own specific electromechanical structure and based on a structuring chassis, four motorized displacement wheels, two sets of capture/supply of clean solar and/or wind energy, and a set of control/orientation of the agricultural vehicle, with a view to enabling in an extremely practical, safe and precise manner a complete optimization of the routine procedures carried out in the agricultural cultivation soil with significant time and financial savings for rural producers by directly replacing traditional medium and large-sized diesel-powered agricultural machines in the performance of most of the routine tasks performed by these agricultural machines and, based on this, an autonomous agricultural vehicle with great resistance, safety and versatility.
[002] Com design e formato específico e de fácil acesso para melhor adaptação e segurança dos usuários, características de praticidade no manuseio e funcionalidade, de custos acessíveis e, devido as suas características gerais e dimensões, facilmente adaptável a uma vasta gama de solos agrícolas, terrenos, lavouras agrícolas e usuários, independentes das características que apresentem. [002] With a specific design and format and easy access for better adaptation and safety of users, practical handling and functionality, affordable costs and, due to its general characteristics and dimensions, easily adaptable to a wide range of agricultural soils, terrains, agricultural crops and users, regardless of their characteristics.
[003] Máquinas agrícolas são todos os equipamento capazes de executar tarefas que antes eram executadas exclusivamente por mão de obra humana, isto é, máquinas projetadas especificamente para realizar integralmente ou coadjuvar a execução de procedimentos agrícola por meio de diversas matrizes com estruturas e dispositivos mecânicos específicos. Por envolver diferentes processos, existem diversos tipos de máquinas agrícolas, cada uma responsável por um tipo de função diferente como, por exemplo, preparação do solo, implementação, semeadura, plantio de mudas, irrigação, colheita, fertilização e outras funções. [003] Agricultural machinery is all equipment capable of performing tasks that were previously performed exclusively by human labor, that is, machines specifically designed to fully perform or assist in the execution of agricultural procedures through various matrices with specific mechanical structures and devices. Because they involve different processes, there are several types of agricultural machinery, each responsible for a different type of function, such as soil preparation, implementation, sowing, planting seedlings, irrigation, harvesting, fertilization and other functions.
[004] Os veículos autônomos são uma das principais tendências para a agricultura nos próximos anos, pois são capazes de automatizar boa parte do trabalho rotineiro executado no campo de plantio podendo assumir responsabilidades no campo com segurança e eficiência, sendo muito diferente de uma máquina com piloto automático. O veículo autônomo é capaz de operar sem a intervenção humana direta, ou seja, que conseguem transitar e operar pela lavoura sem um motorista no volante, utilizando orientação por meio de sensores, câmeras e GPS entre outros equipamentos. [004] Autonomous vehicles are one of the main trends for agriculture in the coming years, as they are capable of automating much of the routine work performed in the planting field and can assume responsibilities in the field safely and efficiently, being very different from a machine with autopilot. The autonomous vehicle is capable of operating without direct human intervention, that is, it can travel and operate in the field without a driver at the wheel, using guidance through sensors, cameras and GPS among other equipment.
[005] Cabe ressaltar que, as amplamente conhecidas máquinas agrícolas movidas a diesel ou mesmo outros combustíveis fósseis para aplicação nos solos das lavouras agrícola, além de representarem alto valor agregado, dificultando em muito a sua aquisição pelos produtores rurais, possuem também elevados custos operacionais, dificultado sobremaneira os procedimentos rotineiros de aplicação no solo agrícola, assim como de manutenção e acesso as lavouras agrícolas. [005] It is worth noting that the widely known agricultural machines powered by diesel or even other fossil fuels for application in agricultural crop soils, in addition to representing high added value, making their acquisition by rural producers very difficult, also have high operating costs, making routine application procedures in agricultural soil, as well as maintenance and access to agricultural crops, extremely difficult.
[006] Atualmente, observa-se a contínua introdução de uma vasta gama de tipos de drones para os procedimentos rotineiros de pulverização de pequenas parcelas dos mais diversos tipos de solos das lavouras agrícolas, principalmente naqueles onde as máquinas agrícolas de médio e grande não conseguem alcançar, seja pelo terreno acidentado, tipo de cultivo agrícola ou por quaisquer outros problemas de acesso. [006] Currently, there is a continuous introduction of a wide range of types of drones for routine procedures of spraying small plots of the most diverse types of soil in agricultural crops, mainly in those where medium and large agricultural machines cannot reach, whether due to uneven terrain, type of agricultural cultivation or any other access problems.
[007] Ressalta-se que, apesar do aumento de sua aplicação nas lavouras agrícolas, os drones também apresentam limitações importante, pois podem transportar muito pouco defensivos agrícolas e tem um tempo de voo bastante reduzido, em muitos casos não passando de quinze minutos de autonomia. [007] It should be noted that, despite their increased application in agricultural crops, drones also have important limitations, as they can transport very little agricultural pesticides and have a very short flight time, in many cases not exceeding fifteen minutes of autonomy.
[008] Nesta linha de ação, a partir destes inconvenientes amplamente conhecidos para emprego de equipamentos nas lavouras agrícolas, tem se tornado imprescindível para os agricultores em geral, a necessidade cada vez maior da a estruturação de um versátil, prático, seguro e preciso equipamento que seja capaz de acessar as parcelas mais difíceis da lavoura agrícola, além de possuir baixíssimos custos, tanto no momento de aquisição, como na aplicação dos procedimentos de plantação como nos procedimentos de manutenção e colheita da lavoura em geral. [008] In this line of action, based on these widely known drawbacks to the use of equipment in agricultural crops, it has become essential for farmers in general to increasingly need to structure versatile, practical, safe and precise equipment that is capable of accessing the most difficult areas of agricultural crops, in addition to having very low costs, both at the time of acquisition and in the application of planting procedures as well as in crop maintenance and harvesting procedures in general.
[009] Em uma ampla análise da literatura com o intuito de se estabelecer o estado da técnica vigente frente a veículos autônomos, primordialmente veículos agrícolas autônomos em geral, objeto da presente patente, não foram descritos documentos relevantes ao estado da técnica que relacionem o objeto específico reivindicado, ou seja, um veículo agrícola autônomo robusto, leve e de dimensões reduzidas que, diferente das tradicionais máquinas agrícolas, utiliza energia elétrica produzida de forma limpa (eólica e/ou solar) e que não precisa de um operador a bordo, ou seja, o operador pode ficar em um ambiente remoto, bem como comandar diversos veículos agrícolas. [009] In a broad analysis of the literature with the aim of establishing the current state of the art in relation to autonomous vehicles, primarily agricultural vehicles autonomous vehicles in general, which are the subject of this patent, no documents relevant to the state of the art relating to the specific object claimed have been described, that is, a robust, lightweight and small autonomous agricultural vehicle that, unlike traditional agricultural machines, uses cleanly produced electrical energy (wind and/or solar) and does not need an operator on board, that is, the operator can be in a remote environment, as well as control several agricultural vehicles.
[0010] Deste modo, a patente em apreço caracteriza-se por reunir componentes e processos em uma concepção diferenciada, a qual atenderá as diversas exigências que a natureza da utilização demanda, ou seja, execução dos procedimentos nas lavouras agrícolas de forma autônoma e remota. Concepção esta que garante um veículo agrícola autônomo de grande eficiência, funcionalidade, resistência, durabilidade, segurança, versatilidade, economia e precisão, em razão das excelentes qualidades técnicas agregadas, o que proporciona vantagens e melhoras nos procedimentos rotineiros e mecanizados de manuseio nas lavouras agrícolas em geral e, cujas características gerais, diferem das demais formas e modelos conhecidos pelo atual estado da técnica. [0010] Thus, the patent in question is characterized by bringing together components and processes in a differentiated design, which will meet the various requirements that the nature of use demands, that is, execution of procedures in agricultural crops autonomously and remotely. This design guarantees an autonomous agricultural vehicle of great efficiency, functionality, resistance, durability, safety, versatility, economy and precision, due to the excellent aggregated technical qualities, which provides advantages and improvements in routine and mechanized handling procedures in agricultural crops in general and, whose general characteristics, differ from other forms and models known by the current state of the art.
[0011] De forma mais específica, a presente patente consiste no emprego de um moderno, eficiente, seguro e funcional veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas formado por um conjunto de soluções eletro mecânicas e agrícolas corretamente incorporadas, compondo um veículo agrícola autônomo completo e diferenciado com design exclusivo, detalhes de ótimo acabamento e características próprias, que incorpora uma estrutura própria e específica, de elevada durabilidade e resistência, formato similar a um "U" invertido e contendo perfeitamente integrados entre si um chassi como elemento de estruturação do veículo agrícola, quatro rodas motorizadas como elementos de apoio e deslocamento do veículo agrícola, dois conjuntos de captação/alimentação de energia como elementos de transferência de energia elétrica para o veículo agrícola, e um conjunto de comando como elemento de comando, controle e orientação do veículo agrícola, de modo a viabilizar a formação de um conjunto único, completo e seguro, cujas formas e disposições internas e externas possibilitam a perfeita adaptação a uma vasta gama de solos agrícolas, terrenos, cultivos agrícolas e usuários em geral, sendo especialmente projetado para estes fins. [0011] More specifically, the present patent consists of the use of a modern, efficient, safe and functional autonomous agricultural vehicle for diverse applications formed by a set of correctly incorporated electromechanical and agricultural solutions, composing a complete and differentiated autonomous agricultural vehicle with exclusive design, excellent finishing details and its own characteristics, which incorporates its own and specific structure, of high durability and resistance, similar in shape to an inverted "U" and containing perfectly integrated with each other a chassis as a structuring element of the agricultural vehicle, four motorized wheels as support and displacement elements of the agricultural vehicle, two energy capture/supply sets as elements of electrical energy transfer to the agricultural vehicle, and a control set as an element of command, control and orientation of the agricultural vehicle, in order to enable the formation of a unique, complete and safe set, whose shapes and arrangements internal and external allow perfect adaptation to a wide range of agricultural soils, terrains, agricultural crops and users in general, being specially designed for these purposes.
[0012] Desta forma, a concepção geral do presente veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas, objeto da presente patente, é baseada totalmente na sua estruturação simples e robusta com um mínimo necessário de componentes e operacionalidade extremamente simplificada, segura e otimizada, aliado aos procedimentos de manufatura e manutenção bastante práticos, de modo a gerar um veículo agrícola autônomo que objetiva primordialmente otimizar e tornar mais prático o conjunto de procedimentos rotineiros realizados no solo de cultivo, bem como trazer elevada economia de tempo e financeira aos produtores rurais em substituição direta as atuais máquinas agrícolas, pois ele pode ser utilizado para desempenhar grande parte das tarefas rotineiras executadas pelas tradicionais máquinas agrícolas movidas a diesel ou mesmo outros combustíveis fósseis, primordialmente as de médio e grande porte. [0012] Thus, the general design of the present autonomous agricultural vehicle for diverse applications, which is the object of the present patent, is based entirely on its simple and robust structure with a minimum of necessary components and extremely simplified, safe and optimized operation, combined with very practical manufacturing and maintenance procedures, in order to generate an autonomous agricultural vehicle that aims primarily to optimize and make more practical the set of routine procedures carried out on the cropland, as well as to bring significant time and financial savings to rural producers by directly replacing current agricultural machines, as it can be used to perform a large part of the routine tasks performed by traditional agricultural machines powered by diesel or even other fossil fuels, primarily medium and large-sized ones.
[0013] De forma mais específica, o veículo agrícola autônomo é capaz de cobrir importantes extensões de lavouras agrícolas com uma boa velocidade média de operação, bem como produzir e armazenar sua própria energia necessária para o seu perfeito funcionamento na lavoura agrícola, isto é, após cada ciclo de aplicação, o veículo agrícola autônomo retorna a estação de carregamento/reabastecimento onde pode ter suas baterias recarregadas com energia de fontes limpas, pois o veículo agrícola autônomo gera sua própria energia a partir de um conjunto de painéis fotovoltaicos e turbinas eólicas verticais dispostas nas estações de reabastecimento. [0014] Na mesma linha, o veículo agrícola autônomo possibilita o perfeito, seguro e versátil acoplamento de uma vasta gama de implementos agrícolas empregados rotineiramente no manejo das lavouras diretamente em seu chassi estruturante como, por exemplo, discos de cortes, barras pulverizadoras, sementeiras de aplicação de sementes, geolocalizadores de terrenos, plainas de nivelamento e reservatórios de produtos líquidos e grãos. [0013] More specifically, the autonomous agricultural vehicle is capable of covering large areas of agricultural crops with a good average operating speed, as well as producing and storing its own energy necessary for its perfect operation in the agricultural crop, that is, after each application cycle, the autonomous agricultural vehicle returns to the charging/refueling station where its batteries can be recharged with energy from clean sources, since the autonomous agricultural vehicle generates its own energy from a set of photovoltaic panels and vertical wind turbines arranged at the refueling stations. [0014] Along the same lines, the autonomous agricultural vehicle enables the perfect, safe and versatile coupling of a wide range of agricultural implements routinely used in crop management directly to its structural chassis, such as cutting discs, spray bars, seed application seeders, land geolocators, leveling planers and liquid product and grain tanks.
[0015] De uma forma geral, o presente veículo agrícola autônomo baseia-se na aplicação de componentes e processos em uma concepção diferenciada, sem, no entanto, atingir alto grau de sofisticação e complexibilidade, tornando possível solucionar alguns dos principais inconvenientes das demais formas e modelos amplamente conhecidos pelo atual estado da técnica e empregados nos procedimentos de manuseio mecanizado das lavouras agrícolas em geral, que se situam em uma faixa de trabalho na qual são muito frequentes dificuldades de utilização e aplicação, baixa eficiência e performance, pouca durabilidade e resistência, baixa versatilidade, manuseio complexo, custo elevado, volume e peso geral elevado, desperdício de tempo e manufatura complexa. [0015] In general, the present autonomous agricultural vehicle is based on application of components and processes in a differentiated design, without, however, reaching a high degree of sophistication and complexity, making it possible to solve some of the main drawbacks of other forms and models widely known by the current state of the art and used in mechanized handling procedures for agricultural crops in general, which are located in a work range in which difficulties of use and application, low efficiency and performance, low durability and resistance, low versatility, complex handling, high cost, high overall volume and weight, waste of time and complex manufacturing are very frequent.
[0016] Os objetivos, vantagens e demais características importantes da patente em apreço poderão ser mais facilmente compreendidas quando lidas em conjunto com as figuras em anexo, nas quais: [0016] The objectives, advantages and other important characteristics of the patent in question may be more easily understood when read in conjunction with the attached figures, in which:
[0017] A Figura IA representa uma vista em perspectiva anterior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas na configuração rígida e paralelepipedal. [0017] Figure IA represents a front perspective view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the rigid and parallelepipedal configuration.
[0018] A Figura 1B representa uma vista em perspectiva posterior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas na configuração rígida e paralelepipedal. [0018] Figure 1B represents a rear perspective view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the rigid and parallelepipedal configuration.
[0019] A Figura 1C representa uma vista posterior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas. [0019] Figure 1C represents a rear view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
[0020] A Figura 1D representa uma vista anterior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas. [0020] Figure 1D represents a front view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
[0021] A Figura 1E representa uma vista superior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas. [0021] Figure 1E represents a top view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
[0022] A Figura 1F representa uma vista inferior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas. [0022] Figure 1F represents a bottom view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
[0023] A Figura 1G representa uma vista lateral direita do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas. [0023] Figure 1G represents a right side view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
[0024] A Figura 1H representa uma vista lateral esquerda do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas. [0025] A Figura 2 representa uma vista em perspectiva anterior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas estruturado com um pulverizador agrícola. [0024] Figure 1H represents a left side view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications. [0025] Figure 2 represents a front perspective view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications structured with an agricultural sprayer.
[0026] A Figura 3A representa uma vista em perspectiva anterior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas na configuração articulada. [0026] Figure 3A represents a front perspective view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
[0027] A Figura 3B representa uma vista em perspectiva posterior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas na configuração articulada. [0027] Figure 3B represents a rear perspective view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
[0028] A Figura 3C representa uma vista anterior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas na configuração articulada. [0028] Figure 3C represents a front view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
[0029] A Figura 3D representa uma vista posterior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas na configuração articulada. [0029] Figure 3D represents a rear view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
[0030] A Figura 3E representa uma vista superior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas na configuração articulada. [0030] Figure 3E represents a top view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
[0031] A Figura 3F representa uma vista inferior do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas na configuração articulada. [0031] Figure 3F represents a bottom view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
[0032] A Figura 3G representa uma vista lateral direita do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas na configuração articulada. [0032] Figure 3G represents a right side view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
[0033] A Figura 3H representa uma vista lateral esquerda do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas na configuração articulada. [0033] Figure 3H represents a left side view of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications in the articulated configuration.
[0034] A Figura 4A representa uma vista em perspectiva superior do módulo de carregamento elétrico do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas. [0034] Figure 4A represents a top perspective view of the electric charging module of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
[0035] A Figura 4B representa uma vista em perspectiva inferior do módulo de carregamento elétrico do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas. [0035] Figure 4B represents a bottom perspective view of the electric charging module of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
[0036] A Figura 4C representa uma vista lateral direita do módulo de carregamento elétrico do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas. [0036] Figure 4C represents a right side view of the electric charging module of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
[0037] A Figura 4C representa uma vista anterior do módulo de carregamento elétrico do veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas. [0037] Figure 4C represents a front view of the electric charging module of the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications.
[0038] Como se infere nas figuras em anexo que ilustram e integram o presente relatório descritivo da patente de "Veículo Agrícola Autônomo para Aplicações Diversas", compreendido por um veículo agrícola autônomo (1) autônomo completo e de características próprias, que incorpora uma estrutura própria e específica, de elevada durabilidade e resistência, formato similar a um "U" invertido, formas e disposições internas e externas que se adaptam a uma vasta gama de solos agrícolas e terrenos, e contendo perfeitamente integrados entre si: [0038] As can be inferred from the attached figures that illustrate and form part of this descriptive report of the patent for "Autonomous Agricultural Vehicle for Various Applications", comprising a complete autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) with its own characteristics, which incorporates its own specific structure, high durability and resistance, shape similar to an inverted "U", internal and external shapes and arrangements that adapt to a wide range of agricultural soils and terrains, and containing perfectly integrated with each other:
- um chassi de estruturação (2) de forma similar a um "U" invertido integrado por perfis e chapas interligadas entre si e disposto simetricamente ao longo de toda a extensão do veículo agrícola autônomo (1); - a structural chassis (2) in the shape of an inverted "U" made up of interconnected profiles and sheets and arranged symmetrically along the entire length of the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1);
- quatro rodas motorizadas (3) cada qual disposta vertical, perpendicular e simetricamente em uma extremidade inferior do chassi de estruturação (2) e compreendendo um par de articuladores independentes (3A) dispostos horizontais, paralelos e simetricamente espaçados entre si em uma extremidade inferior da estrutura do chassi de estruturação (2); um par de amortecedores (3B) dispostos inclinados, paralelos e simetricamente espaçados entre si e entre as partes superiores do par de articuladores independentes (3 A) e a parte vertical da estrutura do chassi de estruturação (2) adjacente; uma roda inferior (3C) disposta vertical, perpendicular e simetricamente centrada nas extremidades livre do par de articuladores independentes (3A) com pneu para terrenos acidentados; e um motor elétrico interno e independente (3D) disposto vertical e simetricamente centrado no interior da estrutura da roda (3C) e nas extremidades livres do par de articuladores independentes (3A); - four motorized wheels (3) each arranged vertically, perpendicularly and symmetrically at a lower end of the frame chassis (2) and comprising a pair of independent articulators (3A) arranged horizontally, parallel and symmetrically spaced from each other at a lower end of the frame chassis structure (2); a pair of shock absorbers (3B) arranged inclined, parallel and symmetrically spaced from each other and between the upper parts of the pair of independent articulators (3A) and the vertical part of the adjacent frame chassis structure (2); a lower wheel (3C) arranged vertically, perpendicularly and symmetrically centered at the free ends of the pair of independent articulators (3A) with rough terrain tire; and an internal and independent electric motor (3D) arranged vertically and symmetrically centered inside the wheel structure (3C) and at the free ends of the pair of independent articulators (3A);
- dois conjuntos de captação/alimentação de energia (4) cada qual disposto vertical, paralelo e simetricamente centrado em uma lateral da parte inferior da estrutura do chassi de estruturação (2) e compreendendo duas baterias independentes (4A) cada qual disposta vertical, paralela e simetricamente centrada em uma lateral da parte inferior da estrutura do chassi de estruturação (2) e interligada a um par de motores elétricos internos e independentes (3D) adjacentes; dois inversores de frequência (4B) cada qual disposto simetricamente centrado em uma lateral da bateria independente (4 A) adjacente e interligado entre um motor elétrico interno e independente (3D) e a bateria independente (4 A) adjacente; e um circuito liga/desliga anti faísca (4C) disposto simetricamente centrado entre os dois inversores de frequência (4B) e interligado diretamente a bateria independente (4 A) adjacente; - two energy collection/supply sets (4) each arranged vertically, parallel and symmetrically centered on one side of the lower part of the frame of the structuring chassis (2) and comprising two independent batteries (4A) each arranged vertically, parallel and symmetrically centered on one side of the lower part of the frame of the structuring chassis (2) and interconnected to a pair of adjacent internal and independent electric motors (3D); two frequency inverters (4B) each arranged symmetrically centered on one side of the adjacent independent battery (4 A) and interconnected between an internal and independent electric motor (3D) and the adjacent independent battery (4 A); and an anti-spark on/off circuit (4C) arranged symmetrically centered between the two frequency inverters (4B) and directly interconnected to the independent battery (4 A) adjacent;
- um conjunto de comando (5) disposto simetricamente alinhado e espaçado sobre a parte súpero-posterior do veículo agrícola autônomo (1) e compreendendo um módulo de telemetria executando a leitura dos parâmetros do veículo agrícola autônomo e exportando essas em tempo real para o aplicativo de controle; uma câmera de navegação detectando obstáculos e gerando imagens em tempo real da lavoura agrícola na operação remota do veículo agrícola autônomo (1); uma controladora principal com processador recebendo os pacotes enviados pelo aplicativo de controle e processando para execução das tarefas; um receptor de rádio controle na interface de comunicação para controles manuais dos movimentos do veículo agrícola autônomo; e módulos de GPS com sensores fornecendo a posição real à controladora principal; e - a control set (5) arranged symmetrically aligned and spaced on the upper-rear part of the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) and comprising a telemetry module reading the parameters of the autonomous agricultural vehicle and exporting them in real time to the control application; a navigation camera detecting obstacles and generating real-time images of the agricultural crop in the remote operation of the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1); a main controller with a processor receiving the packets sent by the control application and processing them to execute the tasks; a radio control receiver in the communication interface for manual controls of the movements of the autonomous agricultural vehicle; and GPS modules with sensors providing the real position to the main controller; and
- uma carenagem (6) compreendendo um conjunto de chapas de fechamento dispostas paralelas e simetricamente ao longo da extensão entre os perfis e chapas das faces externas dos dois módulos laterais do chassi de estruturação (2), permitindo o fechamento e acabamento do chassi de estruturação (2). - a fairing (6) comprising a set of closing plates arranged parallel and symmetrically along the length between the profiles and plates of the external faces of the two side modules of the structural chassis (2), allowing the closing and finishing of the structural chassis (2).
[0039] Nesta concepção, a tração de cada uma das quatro rodas motorizadas (3) que compõem o veículo agrícola autônomo (1) é feita por meio de quatro motores elétricos internos e independentes (3D), cada qual disposto no interior da estrutura de uma roda inferior (3C) e alimentados por duas baterias independentes (4A), cada qual disposta de um lado da estrutura do chassi de estruturação (2) do veículo agrícola autônomo (1) e alimentando dois motores elétricos internos e independentes (3D) adjacentes, sendo que, cada um dos motores elétricos internos e independentes (3D) é controlado por um inversor de frequência (4B) disposto adjacente a cada bateria independente (4A). Além de que, cada uma das rodas inferiores (3C) é equipada com pneu para terrenos acidentados e um par de articuladores independentes (3A) ou eixo com movimentos independentes suportados por um par de amortecedores (3B) paralelos desde o chassi. [0039] In this design, the traction of each of the four motorized wheels (3) that make up the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) is provided by means of four internal and independent electric motors (3D), each arranged inside the structure of a lower wheel (3C) and powered by two independent batteries (4A), each arranged on one side of the structure of the structuring chassis (2) of the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) and powering two adjacent internal and independent electric motors (3D), each of the internal and independent electric motors (3D) being controlled by a frequency inverter (4B) arranged adjacent to each independent battery (4A). In addition, each of the lower wheels (3C) is equipped with a tire for rough terrain and a pair of independent articulators (3A) or axle with independent movements supported by a pair of parallel shock absorbers (3B) from the chassis.
[0040] De forma mais específica, o veículo agrícola autônomo (1) possui os seus componentes de controle - conjunto de comando (5), compreendidos por: - um módulo de telemetria que executa a leitura de diversos parâmetros do veículo agrícola autônomo e exporta essa informação em tempo real para o aplicativo de controle, sendo o responsável pelo monitoramento do veículo agrícola autônomo;[0040] More specifically, the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) has its control components - command set (5), comprised of: - a telemetry module that reads various parameters of the autonomous agricultural vehicle and exports this information in real time to the control application, which is responsible for monitoring the autonomous agricultural vehicle;
- uma câmera de navegação que detecta obstáculos e gera imagens em tempo real da lavoura agrícola para os procedimentos de operação remota do veículo agrícola autônomo, bem como alertando e impedindo possíveis acidentes, sendo a responsável pela segurança de operação do veículo agrícola autônomo; - a navigation camera that detects obstacles and generates real-time images of the agricultural crop for remote operation procedures of the autonomous agricultural vehicle, as well as alerting and preventing possible accidents, being responsible for the operational safety of the autonomous agricultural vehicle;
- uma controladora principal com processador que recebe os pacotes enviados pelo aplicativo de controle e os processa para execução das tarefas, sendo o responsável pela gestão das decisões do veículo agrícola autônomo, gerenciando a navegação, tração dos quatro motores elétricos, aplicação de produtos e tensão das baterias entre outros; - a main controller with a processor that receives the packets sent by the control application and processes them to execute the tasks, being responsible for managing the decisions of the autonomous agricultural vehicle, managing navigation, traction of the four electric motors, application of products and battery voltage, among others;
- um receptor de rádio controle que faz a interface de comunicação para controles manuais dos movimentos do veículo agrícola autônomo; e - a radio control receiver that provides the communication interface for manual controls of the autonomous agricultural vehicle's movements; and
- módulos de GPS com sensores que fornecem a posição real à controladora principal, sendo essa informação primordial para a execução das tarefas telecomandadas ao veículo agrícola autônomo. - GPS modules with sensors that provide the real position to the main controller, this information being essential for carrying out remote-controlled tasks for the autonomous agricultural vehicle.
[0041] O veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas, de acordo com as necessidades de aplicação, pode ser compreendido por uma configuração articulada do chassi de estruturação (2) na qual tem-se: [0041] The autonomous agricultural vehicle for diverse applications, according to the application needs, can be comprised of an articulated configuration of the structuring chassis (2) in which there is:
- um chassi de estruturação articulado (7), em substituição ao chassi de estruturação (2), de forma similar a um "U" invertido integrado por perfis e chapas interligadas entre si, disposto simetricamente ao longo de toda a extensão do veículo agrícola autônomo (1) e tendo dois módulos laterais (7 A) cada qual de formato similar a um "L" invertido com parte inferior similar a um "V" invertido e dispostos perpendiculares e simetricamente alinhados e acoplados por meio de suas extremidades supero-interiores ao longo de toda a extensão do chassi de estruturação articulado (7); e um articulador superior (7B) de formato cilíndrico e disposto perpendicular e simetricamente centrado e alinhado entre as extremidades supero-interiores dos dois módulos laterais (6A); e - as quatro rodas motorizadas (8), em substituição as quatro rodas motorizadas (3), cada qual disposta vertical, perpendicular e simetricamente em uma extremidade inferior dos módulos laterais (7 A) e compreendendo uma roda inferior (8A) disposta vertical, perpendicular e simetricamente centrada em uma extremidade inferior dos módulos laterais (7 A) com pneu para terrenos acidentados; e um motor elétrico interno e independente (8B) disposto vertical e simetricamente centrado no interior da estrutura da roda inferior (8A) e em uma extremidade inferior dos módulos laterais (7A). - an articulated structural chassis (7), replacing the structural chassis (2), in a shape similar to an inverted "U" made up of interconnected profiles and plates, arranged symmetrically along the entire length of the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) and having two side modules (7A), each in a shape similar to an inverted "L" with a lower part similar to an inverted "V" and arranged perpendicularly and symmetrically aligned and coupled by means of their upper-inner ends along the entire length of the articulated structural chassis (7); and an upper articulator (7B) in a cylindrical shape and arranged perpendicularly and symmetrically centered and aligned between the upper-inner ends of the two side modules (6A); and - the four motorized wheels (8), replacing the four motorized wheels (3), each arranged vertically, perpendicularly and symmetrically at a lower end of the side modules (7 A) and comprising a lower wheel (8A) arranged vertically, perpendicularly and symmetrically centered at a lower end of the side modules (7 A) with a rough terrain tire; and an internal and independent electric motor (8B) arranged vertically and symmetrically centered inside the structure of the lower wheel (8A) and at a lower end of the side modules (7A).
[0042] O veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas, de acordo com as necessidades de aplicação, pode ser compreendido por uma configuração como implemento pulverizador agrícola, na qual tem-se tanques de armazenamento (9 A) dispostos acoplados simetricamente sobre a parte superior do chassi de estruturação (2) ou do chassi de estruturação articulado (7) para carregar os defensivos agrícolas e uma barra de pulverização com bicos aspersores (9B) disposta perpendicular e simetricamente espaçada da parte súpero-posterior do chassi de estruturação (2) ou do chassi de estruturação articulado (7) por meio de hastes de sustentação (9C) e interligada aos tanques de armazenamento (9A) para aplicação dos defensivos agrícolas na lavoura agrícola. [0042] The autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications, according to the application needs, can be understood by a configuration as an agricultural spraying implement, in which there are storage tanks (9 A) arranged symmetrically coupled to the upper part of the structural chassis (2) or the articulated structural chassis (7) to load the agricultural pesticides and a spray bar with sprinkler nozzles (9B) arranged perpendicularly and symmetrically spaced from the upper-rear part of the structural chassis (2) or the articulated structural chassis (7) by means of support rods (9C) and interconnected to the storage tanks (9A) to apply the agricultural pesticides to the agricultural crop.
[0043] Nestas configurações, o veículo agrícola autônomo (1) é comandado remotamente por meio de um aplicativo de controle embarcado em um computador e/ou um smartphone como uma interface de operação entre o operador e o veículo agrícola autônomo (1), permitindo ao operador realizar e parametrizar os comandos e as tarefas a serem realizadas que são despachadas em tempo real para o veículo agrícola autônomo (1). Entre estes procedimentos tem-se verificação do nível de cada bateria, status de conclusão das tarefas despachadas, seleção de quais talhões da lavoura agrícola devem ser acessados, e qual o tempo e a vazão de produtos a serem aplicados nas lavouras agrícolas. [0043] In these configurations, the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) is remotely controlled by means of a control application embedded in a computer and/or a smartphone as an operating interface between the operator and the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1), allowing the operator to perform and parameterize the commands and tasks to be performed that are dispatched in real time to the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1). These procedures include checking the level of each battery, completion status of the dispatched tasks, selecting which plots of the agricultural crop should be accessed, and the time and flow rate of products to be applied to the agricultural crops.
[0044] O veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas, de acordo com as necessidades de aplicação, pode ser compreendido por um módulo de carregamento elétrico (A) do veículo agrícola autônomo (1) como local onde os veículos agrícolas autônomos (1) se dirigem para recarregar as suas baterias independentes (4 A), sendo compreendido por painéis solares (B) e turbinas eólicas em sua parte superior, de modo a gerar energia suficiente para recarregar as baterias independentes (4 A) dos veículos agrícolas autônomos (1) em operação, assim como é compreendido de tanques para armazenagem (C) e posterior abastecimento dos veículos agrícolas autônomos (1); e internet do tipo satelital (D) de última geração e faz a comunicação com cada um dos veículos agrícolas autônomos (1) por meio de uma rede própria de comunicação. [0044] The autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications, according to the application needs, can be comprised of an electric charging module (A) of the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) as the place where the agricultural vehicles autonomous vehicles (1) head to recharge their independent batteries (4 A), comprising solar panels (B) and wind turbines on their upper part, in order to generate enough energy to recharge the independent batteries (4 A) of the autonomous agricultural vehicles (1) in operation, as well as comprising tanks for storage (C) and subsequent refueling of the autonomous agricultural vehicles (1); and state-of-the-art satellite internet (D) and communicates with each of the autonomous agricultural vehicles (1) through its own communication network.
[0045] O veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas, por possuir os seus componentes totalmente integrados entre si, nada se desprega e nada tem para quebrar, entortar ou quebrar, alcança-se um alto índice de desempenho e eficiência, aliado a alta durabilidade e absoluta segurança. Depois de totalmente integrados entre si, os componentes ficam presos e coesos, impedindo desta maneira que se soltem sozinhos quando em uso, ficando o conjunto totalmente disponível para os procedimentos de manejo mecanizado de uma vasta gama de lavouras agrícolas em substituição as máquinas tradicionais. Desta maneira, o veículo agrícola autônomo (1) pode ser utilizado sem preocupação de quaisquer naturezas, principalmente quanto à durabilidade e segurança dos seus componentes, assim como a segurança dos seus usuários. [0045] The autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications, as its components are fully integrated with each other, nothing comes loose and nothing can break, bend or break, achieving a high level of performance and efficiency, combined with high durability and absolute safety. Once fully integrated with each other, the components remain attached and cohesive, thus preventing them from coming loose on their own when in use, making the assembly fully available for mechanized management procedures of a wide range of agricultural crops, replacing traditional machines. In this way, the autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) can be used without any concerns, especially regarding the durability and safety of its components, as well as the safety of its users.
[0046] O veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas, de acordo com a sua estruturação, apresenta como vantagens especificas: custo relativamente baixo, de modo a possibilitar sua aplicação na lavoura aplica por uma vasta gama de agricultores; elevada versatilidade, de modo a possibilitar a instalação em seu chassi de vários dispositivos para o manejo mecanizado das lavouras; excelente capacidade de navegabilidade, de modo a possibilitar comandar remotamente e simultaneamente mais de um veículo agrícola na lavoura agrícola; inovadora estruturação para veículos agrícolas, de modo a configurar nova forma e disposição introduzida para melhor utilização e manufatura; completo conjunto de sensores e câmeras, de modo a possibilitar elevada versatilidade e segurança nas aplicações e movimentações na lavoura agrícola; importante autonomia energética por meio de baterias recarregáveis, de modo a gerar elevada capacidade operacional na execução dos procedimentos junto a lavoura agrícola, inclusive no período noturno; e elevada capacidade e alimentação energética por meio de painéis solares dispostos no módulo de carregamento elétrico, de modo a gerar baixo custo operacional. [0046] The autonomous agricultural vehicle for diverse applications, according to its structure, presents the following specific advantages: relatively low cost, so as to enable its application in agriculture by a wide range of farmers; high versatility, so as to enable the installation on its chassis of various devices for the mechanized management of crops; excellent navigability capacity, so as to enable the remote and simultaneous control of more than one agricultural vehicle in the agricultural crop; innovative structure for agricultural vehicles, so as to configure a new form and arrangement introduced for better use and manufacturing; complete set of sensors and cameras, so as to enable high versatility and safety in applications and movements in agricultural crops; significant energy autonomy through rechargeable batteries, in order to generate high operational capacity in the execution of procedures in agricultural crops, including at night; and high capacity and energy supply through solar panels arranged in the electric charging module, in order to generate low operational costs.
[0047] Pelo tudo que foi exposto trata-se de um veículo agrícola que será bem recebido pelos agricultores que utilização lavoura mecanizada em geral, pois o veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas apresenta inúmeras vantagens, tais como: grande segurança, confiabilidade e agilidade na aplicação; grande rendimento e performance na sua aplicação em virtude de sua concepção geral; elevado conforto, comodidade e segurança aos usuários; altíssima resistência e durabilidade geral, aliado a um baixo ou nenhum desgaste do conjunto como um todo; custos totalmente acessíveis o que possibilita uma ótima relação custo/benefício; prática e segura utilização pelos mais diversos usuários; grande faixa de alcance e elevada autonomia operacional; baixíssima e prática manutenção geral; perfeita e direta adaptação aos mais diversos tipos de lavouras agrícolas e terrenos; alta capacidade de regulagem a lavoura agrícola; grande mobilidade e flexibilidade do conjunto; excelente precisão operacional; e a certeza de se ter um veículo agrícola autônomo (1) que atenda plenamente as legislações e normas vigentes e as condições básicas necessárias a sua aplicação. [0047] Based on all that has been stated, this is an agricultural vehicle that will be well received by farmers who use mechanized farming in general, since the autonomous agricultural vehicle for various applications has numerous advantages, such as: great safety, reliability and agility in application; great yield and performance in its application due to its general design; high comfort, convenience and safety for users; very high resistance and general durability, combined with low or no wear of the assembly as a whole; totally affordable costs which allows for an excellent cost/benefit ratio; practical and safe use by the most diverse users; large range and high operational autonomy; very low and practical general maintenance; perfect and direct adaptation to the most diverse types of agricultural crops and terrains; high capacity for regulating agricultural crops; great mobility and flexibility of the assembly; excellent operational precision; and the certainty of having an autonomous agricultural vehicle (1) that fully complies with current legislation and standards and the basic conditions necessary for its application.
[0048] Todos estes atributos permitem classificar o veículo agrícola autônomo para aplicações diversas como um meio totalmente prático, versátil e eficiente para ser aplicado nos procedimentos de rotineiros de manejo de uma vasta gama de lavouras agrícolas em substituição as tradicionais máquinas agrícolas de médio/grande porte movidas a diesel no desempenho dos mais diversos tipos de tarefas de manejo agrícola em uma vasta gama de locais, independente das características gerais que estes possam apresentar, sendo ainda de grande facilidade de aplicação e manuseio, aliada a grande performance e excelentes características gerais. Contudo não se limitando em momento algum às representações aqui descritas, devendo ser compreendido em seu amplo escopo reivindicatório, ou seja, não estando limitado à forma específica revelada, e que outras formas similares são entendidas como totalmente inclusas dentro do escopo reivindicado. [0048] All these attributes allow the autonomous agricultural vehicle to be classified for various applications as a totally practical, versatile and efficient means to be applied in routine procedures for managing a wide range of agricultural crops, replacing traditional medium/large-sized diesel-powered agricultural machines in the performance of the most diverse types of agricultural management tasks in a wide range of locations, regardless of the general characteristics that they may present, and also being very easy to apply and handle, combined with great performance and excellent general characteristics. However, it is not limited at any time to the representations described herein, and should be understood in its broad scope of claims, that is, not being limited to the specific form revealed, and that other similar forms are understood as fully included within the claimed scope.
Claims
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| BR2020230101017 | 2023-05-24 | ||
| BR202023010101-7U BR202023010101U2 (en) | 2023-05-24 | AUTONOMOUS AGRICULTURAL VEHICLE FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS |
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| WO2024239075A1 true WO2024239075A1 (en) | 2024-11-28 |
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