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WO2024238140A1 - Systèmes et procédés d'entraînement pour véhicules comprenant des groupes motopropulseurs hybrides à essieux intégrés - Google Patents

Systèmes et procédés d'entraînement pour véhicules comprenant des groupes motopropulseurs hybrides à essieux intégrés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024238140A1
WO2024238140A1 PCT/US2024/026959 US2024026959W WO2024238140A1 WO 2024238140 A1 WO2024238140 A1 WO 2024238140A1 US 2024026959 W US2024026959 W US 2024026959W WO 2024238140 A1 WO2024238140 A1 WO 2024238140A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
motor
generator
engine
axle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/US2024/026959
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English (en)
Inventor
Kesavan Ramakrishnan
Manik NARULA
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Cummins Inc
Original Assignee
Cummins Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cummins Inc filed Critical Cummins Inc
Publication of WO2024238140A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024238140A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
    • B60W2510/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
    • B60W2510/244—Charge state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2530/00—Input parameters relating to vehicle conditions or values, not covered by groups B60W2510/00 or B60W2520/00
    • B60W2530/12—Catalyst or filter state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/10—Accelerator pedal position
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to methods and systems including hybrid powertrains with one or more integrated axles.
  • Hybrid powertrains have been employed to drive an axle in order to propel a vehicle.
  • Hybrid powertrains include an engine and an electric motor so that combustible fuel and electrical energy can be used separately or together to power the vehicle.
  • Integrated axles also known as E-axles, have also been employed for propelling vehicles.
  • Integrated axles include an electric drive motor coupled to an axle of the vehicle so that the vehicle can be powered with electrical energy.
  • Example embodiments include unique drive systems and methods for a vehicle including with at least one integrated axle and at least one other axle driven by a hybrid powertrain.
  • the hybrid powertrain can include an engine and a motor/generator in any suitable hybrid powertrain architecture or arrangement.
  • a drive system for a vehicle includes an integrated axle configured to provide mechanical power to a first wheel on the integrated axle.
  • the integrated axle includes a first motor/generator and a first drive axle configured so that the first motor/generator is operable to drive the first drive axle.
  • the drive system includes a hybrid powertrain including an engine and a second motor/generator.
  • the hybrid powertrain includes an output shaft from the engine, and at least one of the engine and the second motor/generator is operable to drive the output shaft.
  • the drive system further includes a second drive axle. The engine and the second motor/generator are operable to drive the second drive axle to provide mechanical power to a second wheel on the second drive axle.
  • a method of operating a vehicle including a hybrid powertrain and an integrated axle includes comparing at least one output of the vehicle to a threshold output; in response to the at least one output being less than the threshold output, propelling the vehicle with the integrated axle; comparing the at least one output of the vehicle to the threshold output while propelling the vehicle with the integrated axle; and in response to the at least one output being more than threshold output, propelling the vehicle with an engine of the hybrid powertrain.
  • a method of operating a vehicle including a hybrid powertrain and an integrated axle includes determining at least one output of the vehicle is less than a threshold output; comparing a state-of-charge of an energy storage device of the vehicle to a target state of charge; in response to the state-of-charge being greater than the target state of charge, propelling the vehicle with the integrated axle; in response to the state-of- charge being less than the target state-of-charge, increasing a temperature of an aftertreatment system of the vehicle to a target temperature with an electric heater; and in response to the aftertreatment system reaching the target temperature, starting an engine of the hybrid powertrain.
  • FIG. l is a schematic diagram illustrating certain aspects of an example vehicle including a hybrid powertrain and at least one integrated axle.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment vehicle including a hybrid powertrain and at least one integrated axle.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of other vehicle embodiments including a hybrid powertrain and at least one integrated axle.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating certain aspects of a control method for operating a vehicle with a hybrid powertrain and at least one integrated axle.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating certain aspects of another example control method for operating a vehicle with a hybrid powertrain and at least one integrated axle.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating certain aspects of another example control method for operating a vehicle with a hybrid powertrain and at least one integrated axle.
  • the drive system 21 includes an integrated axle 70 configured to provide mechanical power to a first wheel 72 on the integrated axle 70.
  • the integrated axle 70 includes a first motor/generator 74 and a first drive axle 78 configured so that the first motor/generator 74 is operable to drive the first drive axle 78.
  • the drive system 21 includes a hybrid powertrain 22 including an engine 32 and a second motor/generator 25.
  • the hybrid powertrain 22 includes an output shaft 33 from the engine 32, and at least one of the engine 32 and the second motor/generator 25 is operable to drive the output shaft 33.
  • the drive system 21 further includes a second drive axle 36.
  • the engine 32 and the second motor/generator 25 are configured to drive the second drive axle 36 to provide mechanical power to a second wheel 29 on the second drive axle 36.
  • a method 500 of operating a vehicle 20 including a hybrid powertrain 22 and an integrated axle 70 includes comparing at least one output of the vehicle 20 to a threshold output. In response to the at least one output being less than the threshold output, the method 500 includes propelling the vehicle 20 with the integrated axle 70. The method 500 includes then comparing the at least one output of the vehicle 20 to the threshold output while propelling the vehicle 20 with the integrated axle 70. In response to the at least one output being more than threshold output, the method 500 includes propelling the vehicle 20 with an engine 32 of the hybrid powertrain 22.
  • a method 600 of operating a vehicle 20 including a hybrid powertrain 22 and an integrated axle 70 includes determining at least one output of the vehicle 20 is less than a threshold output, and then comparing a state-of- charge of an energy storage device 76 of the vehicle 20 to a target state of charge. In response to the state-of-charge being greater than the target state of charge, the method 600 includes propelling the vehicle 20 with the integrated axle 70. In response to the state-of-charge being less than the target state-of-charge, the method includes increasing a temperature of an aftertreatment system 60 of the vehicle 20 to a target temperature with an electric heater 64. In response to the aftertreatment system 60 reaching the target temperature, the method 600 includes starting an engine 32 of the hybrid powertrain 22.
  • vehicle 20 includes drive system 21 with hybrid powertrain 22 including an internal combustion engine 32, an output shaft 33, a clutch 34, a motor/generator 25, and a drivetrain 27.
  • Drivetrain 27 may include a transmission 26, a differential 28, a drive axle 36, and ground engaging wheels 29 on drive axle 36.
  • Drive axle 36 is driven by hybrid powertrain 22 through transmission 26.
  • vehicle 20 may be configured and provided as an on-road bus, delivery truck, a service truck, passenger truck, passenger car, or the like. In other aspects, vehicle 20 may be configured and provided as a different type of vehicle, including other types of on-road or off-road vehicles.
  • Drive system 21 of vehicle 20 also includes an integrated axle 70 that is operable to propel ground engaging wheels 72 on drive axle 78 of integrated axle 70.
  • Integrated axle 70 also known as an E-axle, includes an electric motor/generator 74 and can also include other components associated with an integrated drive, such as a differential, reduction gearbox, drive shafts, and power electronics, for example, to rotate drive axle 78.
  • An energy storage device 76 such as a battery, can provide electrical power to integrated axle 70 and/or to motor/generator 25. Energy storage device 76 can be provided with or without plug-in capabilities for re-charging.
  • vehicle 20 includes a 4x4 arrangement and is propelled by ground engaging wheels 29, which are configured and provided as rear wheels, and/or by ground engaging wheels 72, which are configured and provided as front wheels.
  • wheels 29 driven by hybrid powertrain 22 through transmission 26 can be front wheels and wheels 72 driven by integrated axle 70 can be rear wheels.
  • a 6x4 wheel/axle arrangement is provided such as shown in FIG. 2.
  • 6x6, 8x4, 8x6 and 8x8 wheel/axle configurations are provided, with multiple integrated axles, as indicated by second integrated axle 70’ having its own motor/generator 74’ in FIG.2.
  • One or more integrated axles 70 can be provided as needed or desired to drive the axle or axles not driven by the hybrid powertrain 22.
  • the hybrid powertrain 22 includes internal combustion engine 32 operatively coupled with and configured to provide torque to output shaft 33.
  • output shaft 33 may be configured and provided as a flywheel and/or a crankshaft.
  • a first side of clutch 34 is operatively coupled with and configured to receive torque from output shaft 33 and, in turn, engine 32 and/or motor/generator 25.
  • a second side of clutch 34 is operatively coupled with and configured to provide torque to (or receive torque from) an input shaft 24 of the transmission 26 and, in turn, to other components of the powertrain 22 which may be coupled therewith.
  • FIGs. 2-3 Other configurations for hybrid powertrain 22 are also contemplated, such as shown in FIGs. 2-3.
  • motor/generator 25 is side-connected to output shaft 33 of engine 32 with a belt or gear arrangement 80.
  • motor/generator 25 is connected to a front end accessory drive (FEAD) shaft 82 with a belt or gear arrangement 84.
  • FEAD front end accessory drive
  • the hybrid powertrain 22 can include an engine 32 and a motor/generator 25 in one of P0 or Pl hybrid powertrain architecture or arrangement.
  • the motor/generator in a P0 hybrid powertrain architecture the motor/generator is connected with engine through a belt on the front end accessory drive of the engine.
  • the motor/generator is connected directly to the crankshaft of the engine.
  • Clutch 34 is electronically controllable between a closed state and an open state. In the closed state, torque applied to the first side of clutch 34 is transferred to the second side of clutch 34 and vice-versa. In the open state, torque is not transferred between the first side and the second side of clutch 34, for example, due to a gap or separation between clutch components.
  • Clutch 34 may also include a partially closed or slipping state in which the torque is gradually transferred.
  • Motor/generator 25 is configured and provided in the form of a traction motor, which is separate and distinct from an optional starter motor 39.
  • starter motor 39 is coupled with and dedicated to starting the engine 32 under some conditions.
  • starter motor 39 may be omitted from vehicle 20, and motor/generator 25 starts engine 32.
  • Motor/generator 25 is operable as a motor to output torque to input shaft 24 of transmission 26 to propel the vehicle, either alone or in conjunction with engine 32.
  • Integrated axle 70 may also assist motor/generator 25 and/or engine 32 in propelling the vehicle 20.
  • vehicle 20 may be propelled with clutch 34 being open such that only integrated axle 70 provides power to propel the vehicle 20. Such operation may also occur with clutch 34 being closed such that motor/generator 25 propels the vehicle 20 in combination with engine 32, or with engine 32 propelling vehicle 20 through motor/generator 25 while generating electrical energy with motor/generator 25.
  • Motor/generator 25 is further operable as a generator to receive torque from input shaft 24 of transmission 26, for example, during regenerative braking operation.
  • Motor/generator 25 is further operable as a motor to drive engine 32, for example, during engine restart operations.
  • Vehicle 20 may also be propelled solely with integrated axle 70, or with integrated axle 70 in addition to one or both engine 32 and motor/generator 25.
  • motor/generator 25 may propel vehicle 20 with clutch 34 being closed.
  • Motor/generator 25 can be operated to assist engine 32 to propel the vehicle 20, either with or without integrated axle 70 assisting to propel vehicle 20.
  • Vehicle 20 may also be propelled solely with integrated axle 70 with clutch 34 open.
  • Motor/generator 25 is further operable as a generator to receive torque from input shaft 24 of transmission 26 with clutch 34 closed, for example, during regenerative braking operation.
  • Motor/generator 25 is further operable as a motor to drive engine 32, for example, during engine restart operations.
  • motor/generator 25 when engaged to output shaft 33 and/or FEAD shaft 82, motor/generator 25 can be operated to assist engine 32 to propel the vehicle 20, either with or without integrated axle 70 assisting to propel vehicle 20. Vehicle 20 may also be propelled solely with integrated axle 70. Motor/generator 25 is further operable as a generator during, for example, regenerative braking operation. Motor/generator 25 is further operable as a motor to drive engine 32, for example, during engine restart operations.
  • Transmission 26 may be configured and provided in any one of a number of forms.
  • transmission 26 may be configured and provided as a manual transmission including a gearbox and an operator-actuated internal clutch.
  • transmission 26 may be configured and provided as an automated manual transmission including a gearbox and an internal clutch that may be automatically actuated or actuated in response to operator input.
  • transmission 26 may be configured and provided as an automatic transmission including a planetary gear set.
  • transmission 26 may be configured and provided as continuously variable transmission.
  • Engine 32 can be configured as a turbocharged engine, such as shown in FIG. 1.
  • Powertrain 22 may be provided with a turbocharger 31 including a turbine 37 and a compressor 38.
  • Turbine 37 extracts energy from the exhaust gas from engine 32 to drive compressor 38 to compress charge airflow to engine 32.
  • Non-turbocharged engines 32 are also contemplated.
  • engine 32 may include a cylinder decompression system 71. Cylinder decompression system 71 may be provided in a number of forms that are configured and operable to reduce cylinder pressure during a compression stroke of engine 32 relative to the cylinder pressure that would otherwise result from the compression stroke.
  • vehicle 20 may include an exhaust aftertreatment system 60 provided downstream of engine 32.
  • Aftertreatment system 60 may include one or more exhaust treatment components 62.
  • Aftertreatment components 62 may include, for example, one or more catalysts, filters, injectors for reductant, etc.
  • Aftertreatment system 60 also includes a heater 64 that can be controlled to assist in increasing or maintaining aftertreatment system temperatures within a desired range or above a minimum threshold required to effectively reduce constituents in the exhaust gas.
  • the vehicle 20 includes an electronic control system (ECS) 40 that includes a plurality of control components and structures.
  • ECS 40 may include one or more programmable microprocessors or microcontrollers of a solid-state, integrated circuit type that are provided in one or more constituent control units of ECS 40.
  • ECS 40 may include other types of integrated circuits and/or discrete circuit control units.
  • ECS 40 includes an engine control unit (ECU) 42, a transmission control unit (TCU) 44, and may include one or more additional control units (XCU) 46.
  • ECU 42, TCU 44, and XCU 46 are operatively coupled with and configured for communication over a network 41 which may be configured as a controller area network (CAN) or another type of network providing communication capabilities.
  • ECS 40 is also operatively coupled with various components and systems of the vehicle 20 via network 41 or one or more additional or alternative networks.
  • ECS 40 can be implemented in a number of configurations that combine or distribute control components, functions, or processes across one or more control units in various manners.
  • ECS 40 executes operating logic that defines various control, management, and/or regulation functions.
  • This operating logic may be in the form of dedicated hardware, such as a hardwired state machine, analog calculating machine, programming instructions, and/or a different form as would occur to those skilled in the art.
  • ECS 40 may be provided as a single component or a collection of operatively coupled components; and may be comprised of digital circuitry, analog circuitry, or a hybrid combination of both of these types. When of a multi-component form, ECS 40 may have one or more components remotely located relative to the others in a distributed arrangement. ECS 40 can include multiple processing units arranged to operate independently, in a pipeline processing arrangement, in a parallel processing arrangement, or the like.
  • ECS 40 and/or any of its constituent components may include one or more signal conditioners, modulators, demodulators, Arithmetic Logic Units (ALUs), Central Processing Units (CPUs), limiters, oscillators, control clocks, amplifiers, signal conditioners, filters, format converters, communication ports, clamps, delay devices, memory devices, Analog to Digital (A/D) converters, Digital to Analog (D/A) converters, and/or different circuitry or components as would occur to those skilled in the art to perform the desired communications.
  • A/D Analog to Digital
  • D/A Digital to Analog
  • a method 400 is initiated at operation 402 to receive a command or input to start the vehicle 20 and/or to start the method 400 during operation of vehicle 20. From start operation 402, method 400 proceeds to conditional 404, which evaluates whether a vehicle launch is occurring or will occur from a stopped position, and/or whether a torque demand from the driver is greater than a threshold amount.
  • the conditional 404 may consider, for example, the key on/off state of the vehicle 20, the engine 32 on/off operating state, accelerator pedal position, brake pedal position, or other indicators of a vehicle launch.
  • the torque demand can be determined by any suitable technique, such as by determining a throttle opening amount or percentage.
  • conditional 404 evaluates negative, method 400 continues at operation 406 to start engine 32.
  • engine 32 can be operated at low load conditions without using motor/generator 25 and/or integrated axle 70 to assist in propelling vehicle 20 in order to maximize the load on engine 32 and increase the temperature of aftertreatment system 60.
  • Heater 64 can provide additional heat as needed during operation 406 to increase or maintain the temperature of the aftertreatment system 60.
  • Method 400 continues from operation 406 at conditional 408 to evaluate whether the temperature of aftertreatment system 60 is at or above a target temperature while operating engine 32. If conditional 408 is affirmative, method 400 continues at operation 410 to propel vehicle 20 with motor/generator 25 operating in conjunction with engine 32 to propel vehicle 20.
  • aftertreatment system temperature can be managed within limits or above desired thresholds by controlling the operation of heater 64.
  • conditional 404 evaluates affirmative, method 400 continues at conditional 412 to evaluate whether the state-of-charge (SOC) of energy storage device 76 is at or above a SOC target. If conditional 412 evaluates affirmative, method 400 continues at operation 414 to propel vehicle 20 with integrated axle 70 alone using power from the energy storage device 76. As a result, integrated axle 70 is prioritized for vehicle launch and/or low load operations when sufficient SOC is present for energy storage device 76.
  • SOC state-of-charge
  • conditional 412 evaluates negative
  • method 400 continues at operation 416 to provide an engine on signal and to warm-up the aftertreatment system 60 with heater 64.
  • conditional 418 evaluate whether the temperature of the aftertreatment system 60 is at or above a target temperature. If conditional 418 evaluates negative, method 400 continues at operation 416 to warm-up the aftertreatment system 60 using heater 64.
  • conditional 418 evaluates affirmative, method 400 continues at operation 420 to start engine 32 to propel vehicle 20. From operation 420, method 400 continues at operation 410 to employ motor/generator 25 to assist in propelling vehicle 20 using hybrid powertrain 22 while thermally managing aftertreatment system 60 with heater 64. In addition, integrated axle 70 may be employed to assist in propelling vehicle 20.
  • a method 500 for operating vehicle 20 including a drive system 21 with a hybrid powertrain 22 and integrated axle 70.
  • Method 500 includes an operation 502 to compare at least one output of the vehicle 20 to a threshold output.
  • the output of vehicle 20 can be, for example, a vehicle speed, throttle opening percentage, driver torque demand, an indicator of a vehicle launch, etc.
  • Method 500 continues at conditional 504 to determine if the at least one output is less than the threshold output.
  • method 500 In response to conditional 504 being negative, method 500 continues at operation 512 to propel the vehicle hybrid powertrain 22. In response to conditional 504 being affirmative, method 500 continues at operation 506 to propel vehicle 20 with integrated axle 70. While propelling the vehicle 20 with integrated axle 70, method 500 continues at operation 508 to compare at least one output of the vehicle 20 to a threshold output.
  • Method 500 then continues at conditional 510 to determine if the at least one output is greater than the threshold output. If conditional 510 is negative, method 500 returns to operation 506 and continues to propel vehicle 20 with integrated axle 70. If conditional 510 is affirmative, method 500 continues at operation 512 to propel vehicle 20 with hybrid powertrain 22, either alone or in conjunction with integrated axle 70. [0045] In an embodiment of method 500, the SOC of energy storage device 76 of the vehicle 20 is determined to be greater than a target SOC before propelling the vehicle 20 with the integrated axle 70. If the SOC is less than the target SOC, then engine 32 can be used to launch vehicle 20 or power vehicle 20 at low loads.
  • method 500 includes determining a temperature of the aftertreatment system 60 is greater than a target temperature, and operating a motor/generator 25 of the hybrid powertrain 22 in conjunction with the engine 32 to propel the vehicle 20.
  • Electric heater 64 can be operated to thermally manage the temperature of the aftertreatment system 60 while operating the motor/generator 25 in conjunction with the engine 32.
  • propelling the vehicle 20 with the integrated axle 70 includes driving a first drive axle 78 connected to a first pair of wheels 72 with a first motor/generator 74 of the integrated axle 70.
  • propelling the vehicle 20 with the engine 32 of the hybrid powertrain 22 includes driving transmission 26 connected to a second drive axle 36 having a second pair of wheels 29.
  • propelling the vehicle 20 with the engine 32 of the hybrid powertrain 22 includes driving the transmission 26 with a second motor/generator 25 in conjunction with the engine 32.
  • Method 600 includes an operation 602 to determine at least one output of the vehicle 20 is less than a threshold output.
  • the output of vehicle 20 can be, for example, a vehicle speed, throttle opening percentage, driver torque demand, an indicator of a vehicle launch, etc.
  • Method 600 continues at operation 604 to compare the SOC of energy storage device 76 to a target SOC. If at conditional 606 the SOC is determined to be greater than the target SOC, method 600 continues at operation 608 to propel vehicle 20 with integrated axle 70.
  • Method 600 then continues at operation 610 to increase the temperature of aftertreatment system 60 while propelling vehicle 20 with integrated axle 70.
  • engine 32 can be started so hybrid powertrain 22 can be used alone or in conjunction with integrated axle 70 to propel vehicle 20.
  • 600 continues at operation 610 to increase the temperature of aftertreatment system 60 to prepare for propelling vehicle 20 with engine 32, such as employing heater 64 to increase the aftertreatment system temperature.
  • engine 32 can be started so engine 32 can be used to propel vehicle 20 alone until energy storage device 76 is sufficiently charged to employ motor/generator 25 and/or integrated axle 70 to assist in propelling vehicle alone or in conjunction with engine 32.
  • method 600 includes further propelling the vehicle 20 with the engine 32 and with motor/generator 25 of the hybrid powertrain 22 connected to transmission 26 that drives a drive axle connected to wheels 29.
  • method 600 the vehicle 20 is propelled with the integrated axle 70 by driving a drive axle 78 connected to wheels 72 with a motor/generator 74 of the integrated axle 70.
  • the vehicle 20 disclosed herein includes one or more integrated axles 70 that can be used to provide electric vehicle performance, such as during vehicle launch and low load conditions (e.g. less than 20% throttle opening conditions.)
  • the hybrid powertrain 22 allows engine 32 and motor/generator 25 to be employed together at higher loads or higher speed conditions such as on highways. As a result, engine 32 can be downsized as compared to a vehicle that only employs a hybrid powertrain 22 without an integrated axle 70. In addition, greater utilization of recovered energy is possible due to having an integrated axle 70 that can propel vehicle 20 in addition to a motor/generator 25 in the hybrid powertrain.
  • Energy recovery for energy storage device 76 can be enhanced since both motor/generator 25 and integrated axle 70 can be employed to recuperate wheel energy and energy from braking.
  • the hybrid powertrain 22 can be employed to power accessories of vehicle 20 and also for porting of electrical power for stationary needs.
  • motor/generator 25 can provide engine start-stop capabilities to assist in managing aftertreatment system temperatures, and engine 32 can be employed alone to operate vehicle 20 in response to fault or disconnect conditions associated with energy storage device 76.
  • a first aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a drive system for a vehicle.
  • the drive system includes an integrated axle configured to provide mechanical power to a first wheel on the integrated axle.
  • the integrated axle includes a first motor/generator and a first drive axle configured so that the first motor/generator is operable to drive the first drive axle.
  • the drive system also includes a hybrid powertrain including an engine and a second motor/generator.
  • the hybrid powertrain includes an output shaft from the engine, and at least one of the engine and the second motor/generator is operable to drive the output shaft.
  • the drive system further includes a second drive axle.
  • the engine and the second motor/generator are configured to drive the second drive axle to provide mechanical power to a second wheel and the second drive axle.
  • the drive system includes a transmission connecting the engine and the second motor/generator to the second drive axle.
  • the drive system includes a clutch between the second motor/generator and the transmission.
  • a controller is electrically coupled to the clutch, and the controller is configured to operate the clutch to selectively operate the second drive axle with the engine, the second motor/generator, or with both the engine and the second motor/generator.
  • the second motor/generator is connected to the output shaft, and the drive system includes a clutch between the second motor/generator and the transmission, and the second/motor generator is operable as a starter to start the engine.
  • the drive system includes a controller electrically coupled with the first motor/generator, the second motor/generator, and the engine.
  • the controller is configured to operate the first drive axle with the first motor/generator while driving the second drive axle with at least one of the engine and the second motor/generator.
  • the controller is configured to drive the second drive axle with both the engine and the second motor/generator.
  • the drive system includes a battery for storing electrical energy, the battery being connected to at least one of the first motor/generator and the second motor/generator.
  • the engine includes an accessory drive shaft, and the second motor/generator is coupled to the accessory drive shaft.
  • the drive system includes a second integrated axle configured to provide mechanical power to a third pair of wheels, the second integrated axle including third motor/generator and a third drive axle such that the third motor/generator is operable to drive the third drive axle.
  • a method of operating a vehicle including a hybrid powertrain and an integrated axle includes comparing at least one output of the vehicle to a threshold output; in response to the at least one output being less than the threshold output, propelling the vehicle with the integrated axle; comparing the at least one output of the vehicle to the threshold output while propelling the vehicle with the integrated axle; and in response to the at least one output being more than threshold output, propelling the vehicle with an engine of the hybrid powertrain.
  • the method includes determining a state-of-charge of an energy storage device of the vehicle is greater than a target state-of-charge before propelling the vehicle with the integrated axle.
  • the method includes determining a temperature of an aftertreatment system of the vehicle is greater than a target temperature; and operating a motor/generator of the hybrid powertrain in conjunction with the engine to propel the vehicle.
  • the method includes operating an electric heater to thermally manage the temperature of the aftertreatment system while operating the motor/generator in conjunction with the engine.
  • the method includes propelling the vehicle with the integrated axle includes driving a first drive axle connected to a first pair of wheels with a first motor/generator of the integrated axle.
  • propelling the vehicle with the engine of the hybrid powertrain includes driving a transmission connected to a second drive axle having a second pair of wheels.
  • propelling the vehicle with the engine of the hybrid powertrain includes driving the transmission with a second motor/generator in conjunction with the engine.
  • the at least one output includes a vehicle speed and a torque request from a driver of the vehicle.
  • a method of operating a vehicle including a hybrid powertrain and an integrated axle includes determining at least one output of the vehicle is less than a threshold output; comparing a state- of-charge of an energy storage device of the vehicle to a target state of charge; in response to the state-of-charge being greater than the target state of charge, propelling the vehicle with the integrated axle; in response to the state-of-charge being less than the target state-of-charge, increasing a temperature of an aftertreatment system of the vehicle to a target temperature with an electric heater; and in response to the aftertreatment system reaching the target temperature, starting an engine of the hybrid powertrain.
  • the method includes propelling the vehicle with the engine and with a motor/generator of the hybrid powertrain, the engine and the motor/generator connected to a transmission that drives a drive axle connected to a pair of wheels.
  • propelling the vehicle with the integrated axle includes driving a first drive axle connected to a first pair of wheels with a first motor/generator of the integrated axle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Un véhicule comprend un système d'entraînement avec un groupe motopropulseur hybride et un essieu intégré. Le véhicule peut être propulsé avec l'essieu intégré et/ou avec le groupe motopropulseur hybride en fonction de la vitesse du véhicule et/ou du couple requis.
PCT/US2024/026959 2023-05-12 2024-04-30 Systèmes et procédés d'entraînement pour véhicules comprenant des groupes motopropulseurs hybrides à essieux intégrés Pending WO2024238140A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202363501827P 2023-05-12 2023-05-12
US63/501,827 2023-05-12

Publications (1)

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WO2024238140A1 true WO2024238140A1 (fr) 2024-11-21

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PCT/US2024/026959 Pending WO2024238140A1 (fr) 2023-05-12 2024-04-30 Systèmes et procédés d'entraînement pour véhicules comprenant des groupes motopropulseurs hybrides à essieux intégrés

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090048063A1 (en) * 2007-08-16 2009-02-19 Silveri Andrew J Rollback control of a hybrid electric vehicle
US20130035845A1 (en) * 2010-04-27 2013-02-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control apparatus for vehicle
US20200353810A1 (en) * 2017-02-17 2020-11-12 Hyliion Inc. Tractor Unit With On-Board Regenerative Braking Energy Storage for Stopover HVAC Operation Without Engine Idle
WO2021214171A1 (fr) * 2020-04-21 2021-10-28 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Commande d'une machine électrique permettant de supporter un test de diagnostic

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090048063A1 (en) * 2007-08-16 2009-02-19 Silveri Andrew J Rollback control of a hybrid electric vehicle
US20130035845A1 (en) * 2010-04-27 2013-02-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control apparatus for vehicle
US20200353810A1 (en) * 2017-02-17 2020-11-12 Hyliion Inc. Tractor Unit With On-Board Regenerative Braking Energy Storage for Stopover HVAC Operation Without Engine Idle
WO2021214171A1 (fr) * 2020-04-21 2021-10-28 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Commande d'une machine électrique permettant de supporter un test de diagnostic

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