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WO2024235617A1 - Appareil, procédé et programme informatique - Google Patents

Appareil, procédé et programme informatique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024235617A1
WO2024235617A1 PCT/EP2024/061640 EP2024061640W WO2024235617A1 WO 2024235617 A1 WO2024235617 A1 WO 2024235617A1 EP 2024061640 W EP2024061640 W EP 2024061640W WO 2024235617 A1 WO2024235617 A1 WO 2024235617A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
information
transmitting
access
network
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/EP2024/061640
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Georgios GKELLAS
Bruno Landais
Rainer Liebhart
Mohamed Amin Nassar
Pallab Gupta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia Technologies Oy
Original Assignee
Nokia Technologies Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Technologies Oy filed Critical Nokia Technologies Oy
Priority to CN202480032173.3A priority Critical patent/CN121100559A/zh
Publication of WO2024235617A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024235617A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
    • H04W28/12—Flow control between communication endpoints using signalling between network elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a method, apparatus, system and computer program and in particular but not exclusively to access traffic steering, switching and splitting (ATSSS) decisions.
  • ATSSS traffic steering, switching and splitting
  • a communication system can be seen as a facility that enables communication sessions between two or more entities such as user terminals, base stations and/or other nodes by providing carriers between the various entities involved in the communications path.
  • a communication system can be provided for example by means of a communication network and one or more compatible communication devices.
  • the communication sessions may comprise, for example, communication of data for carrying communications such as voice, video, electronic mail (email), text message, multimedia and/or content data and so on.
  • Non-limiting examples of services provided comprise two-way or multi-way calls, data communication or multimedia services and access to a data network system, such as the Internet.
  • wireless communication system at least a part of a communication session between at least two stations occurs over a wireless link.
  • wireless systems comprise public land mobile networks (PLMN), satellite based communication systems and different wireless local networks, for example wireless local area networks (WLAN).
  • PLMN public land mobile networks
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • Some wireless systems can be divided into cells, and are therefore often referred to as cellular systems.
  • a user can access the communication system by means of an appropriate communication device or terminal.
  • a communication device of a user may be referred to as user equipment (UE) or user device.
  • UE user equipment
  • a communication device is provided with an appropriate signal receiving and transmitting apparatus for enabling communications, for example enabling access to a communication network or communications directly with other users.
  • the communication device may access a carrier provided by a station, for example a base station of a cell, and transmit and/or receive communications on the carrier.
  • the communication system and associated devices typically operate in accordance with a given standard or specification which sets out what the various entities associated with the system are permitted to do and how that should be achieved. Communication protocols and/or parameters which shall be used for the connection are also typically defined.
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • UTRAN Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • LTE Long-term evolution
  • NR New Radio
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • 5G-Advanced NR Rel-18 and beyond
  • 6G 6G
  • an apparatus comprising means for, at a user equipment configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, receiving information associated with at least one of the access paths from a core network, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and means for determining at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • the plurality of data access paths may be associated with a multi-access packet data unit session.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for receiving the information using control plane signalling.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for receiving the information via the user plane.
  • Means for determining transmission of data may comprise means for adjusting transmission of data using at least one of the data access paths.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for steering, switching or splitting the transmission of data using the plurality of the data access paths.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, packet error rate, packet loss rate, QoS notification control, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for determining transmission of data using the plurality of data access paths based on the information after a first time period.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for receiving an indication from the core network to determine at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • an apparatus comprising means for, at a user plane function configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, receiving information associated with at least one of the plurality of data access paths, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and means for determining at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for receiving the information from a session management function via control plane signalling.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for receiving the information from the access network at the user plane function via the user plane.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for providing the information to a user equipment.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for providing the information to a policy control function via a session management function.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for providing the information after a first time period.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, QoS notification control, packet error rate, packet loss rate, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • an apparatus comprising means for receiving, at a network node, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and means for providing the information to at least one of the following: a user equipment, a policy control function or a user plane function.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for providing the information to the user equipment using control plane signalling.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for providing the information after a first time period.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, QoS notification control, packet error rate, packet loss rate, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for providing a request for the information to a network node of the access network and receiving the information from the network node in response to the request.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for receiving a subscription for event notification from the network function node for policy control and providing the notification to the network function node for policy control upon detecting the event.
  • the event notification may comprise the information including the performance indication or a flag indicating occurrence of an event by analysing the received information.
  • an apparatus comprising means for receiving, at a network function node for policy decision, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and means for determining rules for transmission of data over the plurality of access data paths based on the information.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for subscribing for event notification from the network function node for session management and receiving the information including the performance indication provided by an access network in a notification from the network function node for session management.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for providing the rules to a user equipment, a session management function or a user plane function for use in determining transmission of data using the plurality of data access paths based on the information.
  • an apparatus comprising means for receiving, at a node of an access network, a request to provide information including a performance indication of an access network to a core network and means for, in response, providing the information to the core network.
  • a method comprising at a user equipment configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, receiving information associated with at least one of the access paths from a core network, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and determining at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • the plurality of data access paths may be associated with a multi-access packet data unit session.
  • the method may comprise receiving the information using control plane signalling.
  • the method may comprise receiving the information via the user plane.
  • Determining transmission of data may comprise adjusting transmission of data using at least one of the data access paths.
  • the method may comprise steering, switching or splitting the transmission of data using the plurality of the data access paths.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, packet error rate, packet loss rate, QoS notification control, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • the method may comprise determining transmission of data using the plurality of data access paths based on the information after a first time period.
  • the method may comprise receiving an indication from the core network to determine at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • an method comprising, at a user plane function configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, receiving information associated with at least one of the plurality of data access paths, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and determining at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • the method may comprise receiving the information from a session management function via control plane signalling.
  • the method may comprise receiving the information from the access network at the user plane function via the user plane.
  • the method may comprise providing the information to a user equipment.
  • the method may comprise providing the information to a policy control function via a session management function.
  • the method may comprise providing the information after a first time period.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, QoS notification control, packet error rate, packet loss rate, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • a method comprising receiving, at a network node, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and providing the information to at least one of the following: a user equipment, a policy control function or a user plane function.
  • the method may comprise providing the information to the user equipment using control plane signalling.
  • the method may comprise providing the information after a first time period.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, QoS notification control, packet error rate, packet loss rate, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • the method may comprise providing a request for the information to a network node of the access network and receiving the information from the network node in response to the request.
  • the method may comprise receiving a subscription for event notification from the network function node for policy control and providing the notification to the network function node for policy control upon detecting the event.
  • the event notification may comprise the information including the performance indication or a flag indicating occurrence of an event by analysing the received information.
  • a method comprising receiving, at a network function node for policy decision, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and determining rules for transmission of data over the plurality of access data paths based on the information.
  • the method may comprise subscribing for event notification from the network function node for session management and receiving the information including the performance indication provided by an access network in a notification from the network function node for session management.
  • the method may comprise providing the rules to a user equipment, a session management function or a user plane function for use in determining transmission of data using the plurality of data access paths based on the information.
  • a method comprising receiving, at a node of an access network, a request to provide information including a performance indication of an access network to a core network and, in response, providing the information to the core network.
  • a computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: at a user equipment configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, receiving information associated with at least one of the access paths from a core network, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and determining at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • the plurality of data access paths may be associated with a multi-access packet data unit session.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform receiving the information using control plane signalling.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform receiving the information via the user plane.
  • Determining transmission of data may comprise adjusting transmission of data using at least one of the data access paths.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform steering, switching or splitting the transmission of data using the plurality of the data access paths.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, packet error rate, packet loss rate, QoS notification control, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform determining transmission of data using the plurality of data access paths based on the information after a first time period.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform receiving an indication from the core network to determine at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • a computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: at a user plane function configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, receiving information associated with at least one of the plurality of data access paths, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and determining at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform receiving the information from a session management function via control plane signalling.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform receiving the information from the access network at the user plane function via the user plane.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform providing the information to a user equipment.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform providing the information to a policy control function via a session management function.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform providing the information after a first time period.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, QoS notification control, packet error rate, packet loss rate, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • a thirteenth aspect there is provided computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: receiving, at a network node, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and providing the information to at least one of the following: a user equipment, a policy control function or a user plane function.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform providing the information to the user equipment using control plane signalling.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform providing the information after a first time period.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, QoS notification control, packet error rate, packet loss rate, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform providing a request for the information to a network node of the access network and receiving the information from the network node in response to the request.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform receiving a subscription for event notification from the network function node for policy control and providing the notification to the network function node for policy control upon detecting the event.
  • the event notification may comprise the information including the performance indication or a flag indicating occurrence of an event by analysing the received information.
  • a fourteenth aspect there is provided a computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: receiving, at a network function node for policy decision, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and determining rules for transmission of data over the plurality of access data paths based on the information.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform subscribing for event notification from the network function node for session management and receiving the information including the performance indication provided by an access network in a notification from the network function node for session management.
  • the apparatus may be caused to perform providing the rules to a user equipment, a session management function or a user plane function for use in determining transmission of data using the plurality of data access paths based on the information.
  • computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following receiving, at a node of an access network, a request to provide information including a performance indication of an access network to a core network and in response, providing the information to the core network.
  • an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to at a user equipment configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, receive information associated with at least one of the access paths from a core network, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and determine at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • the plurality of data access paths may be associated with a multi-access packet data unit session.
  • the apparatus may be caused to receive the information using control plane signalling.
  • the apparatus may be caused to receive the information via the user plane.
  • the apparatus may be caused to adjust transmission of data using at least one of the data access paths.
  • the apparatus may be caused to steer, switch or split the transmission of data using the plurality of the data access paths.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, packet error rate, packet loss rate, QoS notification control, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • the apparatus may be caused to determine transmission of data using the plurality of data access paths based on the information after a first time period.
  • the apparatus may be caused to receive an indication from the core network to determine at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to, at a user plane function configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, receive information associated with at least one of the plurality of data access paths, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and determine at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • the apparatus may be caused to receive the information from a session management function via control plane signalling.
  • the apparatus may be caused to receive the information from the access network at the user plane function via the user plane.
  • the apparatus may be caused to provide the information to a user equipment.
  • the apparatus may be caused to provide the information to a policy control function via a session management function.
  • the apparatus may be caused to provide the information after a first time period.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, QoS notification control, packet error rate, packet loss rate, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to receive, at a network node, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and provide the information to at least one of the following: a user equipment, a policy control function or a user plane function.
  • the apparatus may be caused to provide the information to the user equipment using control plane signalling.
  • the apparatus may be caused to provide the information after a first time period.
  • the performance indication may comprise at least one of congestion information, QoS notification control, packet error rate, packet loss rate, data rates or packet delay.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows.
  • the apparatus may be caused to provide a request for the information to a network node of the access network and receiving the information from the network node in response to the request.
  • the apparatus may be caused to receive a subscription for event notification from the network function node for policy control and providing the notification to the network function node for policy control upon detecting the event.
  • the event notification may comprise the information including the performance indication or a flag indicating occurrence of an event by analysing the received information.
  • an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to receive, at a network function node for policy decision, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data; and determine rules for transmission of data over the plurality of access data paths based on the information.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for subscribing for event notification from the network function node for session management and receiving the information including the performance indication provided by an access network in a notification from the network function node for session management.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for providing the rules to a user equipment, a session management function or a user plane function for use in determining transmission of data using the plurality of data access paths based on the information.
  • an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to receive, at a node of an access network, a request to provide information including a performance indication of an access network to a core network and in response, provide the information to the core network.
  • a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the third or fourth aspect.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an example 5GS communication system
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of an example mobile communication device
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of an example control apparatus
  • Figure 4 shows a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment
  • Figure 5 shows a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment
  • Figure 6 shows a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment
  • Figure 7 shows a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment
  • Figure 8 shows a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment
  • Figure 9 shows a signalling diagram according to an example embodiment.
  • Network architecture in NR may be similar to that of LTE-advanced.
  • Base stations of NR systems may be known as next generation NodeBs (gNBs).
  • Changes to the network architecture may depend on the need to support various radio technologies and finer Quality of Service (QoS) support, and some on-demand requirements for e.g. QoS levels to support Quality of Experience (QoE) for a user.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • QoE Quality of Experience
  • network aware services and applications, and service and application aware networks may bring changes to the architecture. Those are related to Information Centric Network (ICN) and User-Centric Content Delivery Network (UC-CDN) approaches.
  • ICN Information Centric Network
  • UC-CDN User-Centric Content Delivery Network
  • MIMO Multiple Input - Multiple Output
  • Future networks may utilise network functions virtualization (NFV) which is a network architecture concept that proposes virtualizing network node functions into “building blocks” or entities that may be operationally connected or linked together to provide services.
  • a virtualized network function (VNF) may comprise one or more virtual machines running computer program codes using standard or general type servers instead of customized hardware. Cloud computing or data storage may also be utilized.
  • radio communications this may mean node operations to be carried out, at least partly, in a server, host or node operationally coupled to a remote radio head. It is also possible that node operations will be distributed among a plurality of servers, nodes or hosts. It should also be understood that the distribution of labour between core network operations and base station operations may differ from that of the LTE or even be non-existent.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a 5G system (5GS) 100.
  • the 5GS may comprise a user equipment (UE) 102 (which may also be referred to as a communication device or a terminal), a 5G radio access network (5GRAN) 104, a 5G core network (5GCN) 106, one or more internal or external application functions (AF) 108 and one or more data networks (DN) 1 10.
  • UE user equipment
  • 5GRAN 5G radio access network
  • 5GCN 5G core network
  • AF application functions
  • DN data networks
  • the 5GCN 106 comprises functional entities.
  • the 5GCN 106 may comprise one or more Access and mobility Management Functions (AMF) 112, one or more session management functions (SMF) 1 14, an authentication server function (AUSF) 1 16, a Unified Data Management (UDM) 118, one or more user plane functions (UPF) 120, a Unified Data Repository (UDR) 122 and/or a Network Exposure Function (NEF) 124.
  • the UPF is controlled by the SMF (Session Management Function) that receives policies from a PCF (Policy Control Function).
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • PCF Policy Control Function
  • the CN is connected to a UE via the Radio Access Network (RAN).
  • the 5GRAN may comprise one or more gNodeB (gNB) Distributed Unit(DU) functions connected to one or more gNodeB (gNB) Centralized Unit(CU) functions.
  • the RAN may comprise one or more access nodes.
  • a User Plane Function referred to as PDU Session Anchor (PSA) may be responsible for forwarding frames back and forth between the DN and the tunnels established over the 5G towards the UE(s) exchanging traffic with the DN.
  • PDU Session Anchor PDU Session Anchor
  • FIG. 2 showing a schematic, partially sectioned view of a communication device 200.
  • a communication device is often referred to as user equipment (UE) or terminal.
  • UE user equipment
  • An appropriate mobile communication device may be provided by any device capable of sending and receiving radio signals.
  • Non-limiting examples comprise a mobile station (MS) or mobile device such as a mobile phone or what is known as a ’smart phone’, a computer provided with a wireless interface card or other wireless interface facility (e.g., USB dongle), personal data assistant (PDA) or a tablet provided with wireless communication capabilities, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE), laptop-mounted equipment (LME), smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE), or any combinations of these or the like.
  • MS mobile station
  • mobile device such as a mobile phone or what is known as a ’smart phone’
  • a computer provided with a wireless interface card or other wireless interface facility (e.g., USB dongle), personal data assistant (PDA) or a tablet provided with wireless communication capabilities, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, portable
  • a mobile communication device may provide, for example, communication of data for carrying communications such as voice, electronic mail (email), text message, multimedia and so on. Users may thus be offered and provided numerous services via their communication devices. Non-limiting examples of these services comprise two-way or multi-way calls, data communication or multimedia services or simply an access to a data communications network system, such as the Internet. Users may also be provided broadcast or multicast data. Non-limiting examples of the content comprise downloads, television and radio programs, videos, advertisements, various alerts, and other information.
  • a mobile device is typically provided with at least one data processing entity 201 , at least one memory 202 and other possible components 203 for use in software and hardware aided execution of tasks it is designed to perform, including control of access to and communications with access systems and other communication devices.
  • the data processing, storage and other relevant control apparatus can be provided on an appropriate circuit board and/or in chipsets. This feature is denoted by reference 204.
  • the user may control the operation of the mobile device by means of a suitable user interface such as key pad 205, voice commands, touch sensitive screen or pad, combinations thereof or the like.
  • a display 208, a speaker and a microphone can be also provided.
  • a mobile communication device may comprise appropriate connectors (either wired or wireless) to other devices and/or for connecting external accessories, for example hands-free equipment, thereto.
  • the mobile device 200 may receive signals over an air or radio interface 207 via appropriate apparatus for receiving and may transmit signals via appropriate apparatus for transmitting radio signals.
  • transceiver apparatus is designated schematically by block 206.
  • the transceiver apparatus 206 may be provided for example by means of a radio part and associated antenna arrangement.
  • the antenna arrangement may be arranged internally or externally to the mobile device.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a control apparatus 300 for a communication system, for example to be coupled to and/or for controlling a station of an access system, such as a RAN node, e.g. a base station, eNB or gNB, a relay node or a core network node such as an MME or Serving Gateway (S-GW) or Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW), or a core network function such as AMF/SMF, or a server or host.
  • the method may be implemented in a single control apparatus or across more than one control apparatus.
  • the control apparatus may be integrated with or external to a node or module of a core network or RAN.
  • base stations comprise a separate control apparatus unit or module.
  • control apparatus can be another network element such as a radio network controller or a spectrum controller.
  • each base station may have such a control apparatus as well as a control apparatus being provided in a radio network controller.
  • the control apparatus 300 can be arranged to provide control on communications in the service area of the system.
  • the control apparatus 300 comprises at least one memory 301 , at least one data processing unit 302, 303 and an input/output interface 304. Via the interface the control apparatus can be coupled to a receiver and a transmitter of the base station.
  • the receiver and/or the transmitter may be implemented as a radio front end or a remote radio head.
  • Access Traffic Steering, Switching and Splitting allows a 5G System to steer, switch and split traffic among a 3GPP and a non-3GPP access.
  • 3GPP ReL 18 has recently enabled the coexistence of a 3GPP and temporarily two non-3GPP accesses.
  • Performance measurements between UE and UPF may be taken into consideration for ATSSS decisions.
  • Access Traffic Steering, Switching and Splitting is a function which decides how to steer, switch and split uplink traffic across 3GPP and non-3GPP. Rules are transmitted from the network to the UE and UPF. UE and UPF then adjust uplink and downlink traffic accordingly.
  • ATSSS ATSSS
  • steering refers to the possibility of selecting for user-plane traffic, according to the service, the best link to use
  • switching describes the possibility of using, without service interruption, the other link when necessary
  • splitting means the simultaneous use (bonding) of the two links.
  • ATSSS function is to optimize user plane transmission in various ways, e.g., via use of Steering Modes (SM) for Service Data Flow (SDF) between UE and User Plane Function (UPF) by using Multi-Access Packet Data Unit (MA PDU) Sessions.
  • SDF Service Data Flow
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • MA PDU Multi-Access Packet Data Unit
  • Each MA PDU contains one 3GPP access and one non-3GPP access.
  • ATSSS supports 5 SMs and they are Active-standby, Load-balancing, Priority-based, Smallest-delay and Redundant Steering Mode (RSM).
  • RSM Redundant Steering Mode
  • QoS monitoring enables the SMF to instruct the UPF to measure the UL and/or DL packet delay between the UPF (PSA) and the UE, with the assistance of the NG-RAN, via GTP-U.
  • RAN might signal congestion information to UPF either by supporting ECN marking as part of L4S or by providing respective information in a GTP-U header extension, QoS notifications for GBR QoS flows (e.g., “GFBR can no longer (or can again) be guaranteed” via GTP-U) and/or data rate information.
  • QoS notifications for GBR QoS flows e.g., “GFBR can no longer (or can again) be guaranteed” via GTP-U
  • data rate information e.g., “GFBR can no longer (or can again)
  • ATSSS between multiple 3GPP access legs is also being considered by 3GPP for Rel-19. Additional use cases and potential service requirements that could benefit from 5GS support of upper layer steering, split and switching of UE’s traffic (e.g. pertaining to the same data session) across two 3GPP access links, assuming only single subscription to a PLMN, are being studied.
  • Potential scenarios include single PLMN, PLMN plus (standalone) NPN, two PLMNs, the same or different 3GPP RATs (NR or NTN, plus one of NR, NTN or LTE).
  • NTN refers to NR-based satellite access, including different orbits (e.g., GEO/MEO/LEO).
  • the two networks may be managed by the same operator or by different operators (assumed to have a business agreement among them).
  • ATSSS is by design transparent to the RAN and it currently lacks any input from AN such as congestion information, QoS notification control and/or data rates.
  • ATSSS decisions may not be accurate, leading to suboptimal E2E QoE or a waste of resources. It may be desirable to react to performance changes in the network more quickly.
  • Autonomous load balancing allows UE in the uplink and UPF in the downlink to apply their own percentages for traffic splitting. Without AN input as above, the calculated percentages might not be optimally supported by each of the used AN.
  • Priority-based steering mode is based on UE and UPF determining when a congestion occurs by implementation means. Without AN input, the UE and UPF determination might not be accurate. Redundant steering mode is based on UE and UPF implementation on how many and which data packets are duplicated. Without AN input, UE and UPF decisions might not be accurate.
  • higher-layer measurement solutions between UE and UPF using PMF, MPQUIC, MPTCP functionality are either implementation specific (regarding which thresholds or hysteresis factors to use) and/or detect congestion/unavailability at a point where e.g., buffers in radio or UE are already full or link is already broken, i.e. they cannot pro-actively switch traffic before congestion actually happens.
  • Figure 4 shows a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment. The method may be performed at a UE configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data.
  • the method comprises at a user equipment configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, receiving information associated with at least one of the access paths from a core network, the information including a performance indication, also referred to in the following as performance indication or performance indicator or AN information, provided by an access network used for transmitting the data.
  • the information may be received in NAS signaling.
  • the performance indication provided by the access network may be an indication of the performance of the access network, e.g. between the UE and the Access Network.
  • the Access Network may monitor performance indicators, such as congestion information, packet error rate, packet loss rate, QoS notification control, data rates or packet delay between the UE and the Access Network.
  • performance information, performance indication, and performance indicator are used interchangeably in this document.
  • the method comprises determining at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • Figure 5 shows a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment.
  • the method may be performed at a user plane configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data.
  • the method comprises, at a user plane function configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data,, receiving information associated with at least one of the plurality of data access paths, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data.
  • the method comprises determining at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • Figure 6 shows a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment.
  • the method may be performed at a network function node, e.g., a SMF.
  • a network function node e.g., a SMF.
  • the method comprises receiving, at a network node, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication of an access network used for transmitting the data.
  • the method comprises providing the information to at least one of the following: a user equipment, a policy control function or a user plane function.
  • Figure 7 shows a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment. The method may be performed at a node of an access network.
  • the method comprises receiving, at a node of an access network, a request to provide information including a performance indication provided by an access network to a core network.
  • the method comprises, in response, providing the information to the core network.
  • Figure 8 shows a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment. The method may be performed at a core network node such as a PCF.
  • a core network node such as a PCF.
  • the method comprises receiving, at a network function node for policy decision, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data.
  • the method comprises determining rules for transmission of data over using the plurality of access data paths based on the information.
  • the method as described with reference to Figure 8 may comprise providing the rules to a user equipment, a session management function or a user plane function for use in determining transmission of data using the plurality of data access paths based on the information.
  • a data access path comprises an access path for transmitting data of one multi-access PDU session.
  • the UPF and UE are end points of the data access path.
  • a data access path may comprise logical resources (i.e. resources allocated in the protocol stack in both UE and network sides) and physical resources (i.e. the Radio resources over the air that maps to that access path, through which the traffic is transmitted).
  • the plurality of data access paths may be associated with a multi-access packet data unit session.
  • the access network may be a 3GPP access network or a non-3GPP access network.
  • the information (which may be also referred to as AN information or performance information in the following) provided by the access network may be leveraged by a UE, a UPF and/or a PCF making an ATSSS decision. This is an example of determining at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information. Determinig transmission of data may comprise for adjusting transmission of data using at least one of the data access paths, e.g., steering, switching or splitting the transmission of data using the plurality of the data access paths.
  • the information may be obtained by an access network entity by monitoring and measuring service level or service quality related parameters of an access data path.
  • the information may be transmitted to a UE, a UPF and/or a PCF in a signalling parameter meant to carry information about performance, service level and/or quality of service determined in the access network.
  • the information may include at least one of the following: congestion information, QoS notification control, data rates, packet delay, packet error, packet loss rate, and/or information about the AN path where this information is received.
  • the information may be associated with one or more service data flows. The information is not limited to the examples provided above. Potentially more AN information defined in future 3GPP releases may be embraced by the approach described below.
  • RAN is an example of a 3GPP AN.
  • WLAN is an example of a non-3GPP AN (which is accessed by 5GC through N3IWF or TNGF).
  • non-3GPP AN e.g., a Wi-Fi Access Point can provide ECN marking in user plane packets to UE and N3IWF/TNGF.
  • the method may comprise providing a request for the information to a network node of an access network from the core network (e.g., SMF) and receiving the information from the network node in response to the request.
  • a network node of an access network from the core network (e.g., SMF) and receiving the information from the network node in response to the request.
  • an access network may be preconfigured to provide performance information to a core network
  • PCF decides for which flows “AN information” is needed.
  • SMF based on configured/operator policies might decide for which flows “AN information” is needed.
  • the SMF instructs the AN to provide “AN information” for a set of QoS flows (potentially all QoS flows of an MA PDU session).
  • Request for “AN information” might be provided to AN either at PDU session resource establishment or update (e.g., every time the User Plane Connectivity of a PDU session is established). This is an example of providing a request for the information to a network node of an access network from the core network
  • AN can provide "AN information" for a QoS flows to 5GC without explicit request. This may be a valid option if there is no control plane signaling between PCF/SMF and AN such as, e.g., in an untrusted non-3GPP access case.
  • the method may comprise receiving the information at the UE using control plane signalling (e.g. NAS signalling) or via the user plane.
  • control plane signalling e.g. NAS signalling
  • the AN measures the “AN information” and provides input to 5GC (UPF) via the user plane.
  • UPF 5GC
  • the information might be provided to 5GC (SMF) via the control plane and then from SMF to UPF and from SMF to PCF. This is an example of receiving the information at the UPF from the SMF via control plane signalling.
  • SMF 5GC
  • the UPF may propagate “AN information” to the UE via PMF extensions or other means if UE is not informed directly by the AN or to the 5GC (SMF) through the control plane. This is an example of providing the information from the UPF to the UE and of receiving the information at the UE via the user plane.
  • SMF 5GC
  • AN has provided “AN information” to a SMF via the control plane then SMF forwards the “AN information” to the UPF and potentially to the UE.
  • SMF may propagate AN information to the AMF and then AMF propagates "AN information" to the UE in MM NAS signalling.
  • UPF takes into consideration “AN information” for ATSSS decisions. This may be controlled by the PCF (or SMF) enabling or disabling the UPF doing so by new information signalled as part of the Multi-Access Rules provisioned by the SMF in the UPF. This is an example of receiving an indication from the core network to determine at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • the SMF may propagate “AN information” to PCF.
  • one (or more) new event notifications can be introduced (e.g., RAN congestion detection).
  • the PCF subscribes to the SMF (using PCRT) for event notification during SM policy association establishment/modification.
  • the SMF or UPF detects the event (e.g., RAN congestion) based on the “AN Information”
  • the SMF notifies the PCF, along with the AN details for which the event is detected.
  • the PCF may consider “AN information” or the new event notification to generate/update ATSSS related PCC rules.
  • UE considers “AN information” for ATSSS. For example, a UE may decide to switch all traffic or move some traffic from the access where it received the AN information to the other access. UE can move gradually more traffic if the information remains or can move back otherwise.
  • each entity may optionally decide to wait for a first time period (referred to as a "wait time") to obtain more "AN information” before taking a decision/forwarding the "AN information" to another entity.
  • a first time period referred to as a "wait time”
  • This "wait time” may improve decision making (e.g., access is congested/not congested... etc.) by including averaging/proper statistics on the collected data.
  • the UPF may update its ATSSS decisions only after that "wait time" (e.g., once it is sure that an Access can be marked as Congested/Not congested).
  • the UPF or SMF may signal the "AN Information" to the UE after a "Wait time”.
  • the UE may consider “AN information” for ATSSS decisions only after a "Wait time” i.e., after collecting enough information whether an Access is congested or not - through e.g., all the QoS flows of that Access.
  • UE and UPF can be used to decide whether a certain access is congested or unavailable. Alternatively, this information can also be used to define new steering modes, e.g., instead or in addition to using threshold values for RTT and PLR a new or updated steering mode can use “AN information” and based on the received “AN information” the UE and UPF can decide how to split, switch and steer the traffic over the available accesses. As an example: once ECN bit is received by UE and UPF over NR, UE and UPF can immediately switch 50% of traffic from NR to Wi-Fi either based on the provided rules (e.g., rules determined by the PCF) or based on their own decisions.
  • rules e.g., rules determined by the PCF
  • determining transmission of data may comprise adjusting transmission of data (e.g., steering, switching or splitting the transmission of data_ using at least one of the data access paths based on the information.
  • Figure 9 shows a signalling diagram for an example embodiment.
  • PCF instructs SMF to request ANs to provide “AN information” for a set of QoS flows (potentially all QoS flows of an MA PDU session).
  • SMF - based on local policies/operator policies/configuration - directly instructs ANs to provide those AN information or AN is configured via OAM to provide this information.
  • the ANs calculate the “AN Information” and report it to UPF and potentially to UE in the user plane, e.g., via ECN marking or via GTP-U to UPF.
  • step 2' in Figure 1 reporting via the control plane is possible.
  • the SMF propagates to the UPF the “AN information”.
  • step 3 the UPF leverages the “AN information” to take ATSSS decisions. This step might take place after step 6, too.
  • the provided flow is an example flow and relevant alternatives are not excluded.
  • step 4 the PMF is used to propagate “AN information” to UE.
  • step 5 UE leverages the “AN information” to take ATSSS decisions.
  • step 6 if step 2’ is not followed, UPF propagates “AN information” to SMF.
  • step 7 SMF further propagates “AN information” to PCF for evaluating new PCC rules based on the "AN information".
  • the PCF may subscribe to the SMF (using PCRT) for the new event (e.g., RAN congestion detection) notification during SM policy association establishment/modification.
  • the SMF or UPF detects the event (e.g., RAN congestion) based on the “AN Information”
  • the SMF notifies the PCF, along with the AN details for which the event is detected.
  • the PCF uses the event to re-evaluate the PCC rules and ATSSS rules.
  • step 8 if step 4 is not followed, SMF might propagate “AN information” to UE in SM NAS signaling. Alternatively (not shown on the figure) SMF might propagate “AN information” to the AMF and then AMF propagates "AN information” to the UE in MM NAS signalling.
  • step 9 PCF triggered by the “AN information” or the new event notification provided at step 7 might evaluate new PCC rules and provide them to SMF.
  • step 10 the SMF based on the PCC rules received in step 9 can generate updated or new ATSSS and N4 rules and provides them to UE, UPF, respectively, or UE and UPF consider the received “AN information” to decide how to steer the traffic over the available accesses.
  • An apparatus may comprise means for means for, at a user equipment configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, receiving information associated with at least one of the access paths from a core network, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and means for determining at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • the apparatus may be a user equipment such as that of Figure 2.
  • the apparatus may comprise the user equipment, such as a mobile phone, be the user equipment or be comprised in the user equipment or a chipset for performing at least some actions of/for the user equipment.
  • the user equipment such as a mobile phone
  • an apparatus may be a control apparatus such as that of Figure 3.
  • the apparatus may comprise the control apparatus, be the control apparatus or be comprised in the control apparatus or a chipset for performing at least some actions of/for the control apparatus.
  • Such an apparatus may comprise means for, at a user plane function configured to use a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, receiving information associated with at least one of the plurality of data access paths, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and means for determining at least one of the plurality of data access paths for transmitting the data based on the information.
  • Such an apparatus may comprise means for receiving, at a network node, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and means for providing the information to at least one of the following: a user equipment, a policy control function or a user plane function.
  • Such an apparatus may comprise means for receiving, at a network function node for policy decision, information associated with at least one of a plurality of data access paths for transmitting data, the information including a performance indication provided by an access network used for transmitting the data and means for determining rules for transmission of data over the plurality of access data paths based on the information.
  • Such an apparatus may comprise means for means for receiving, at a node of an access network, a request to provide information including a performance indication of an access network to a core network and means for, in response, providing the information to the core network.
  • apparatuses may comprise or be coupled to other units or modules etc., such as radio parts or radio heads, used in or for transmission and/or reception.
  • apparatuses have been described as one entity, different modules and memory may be implemented in one or more physical or logical entities.
  • the various embodiments may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuitry, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects of the disclosure may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device, although the disclosure is not limited thereto. While various aspects of the disclosure may be illustrated and described as block diagrams, flow charts, or using some other pictorial representation, it is well understood that these blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
  • circuitry may refer to one or more or all of the following:
  • any portions of hardware processor(s) with software including digital signal processor(s)), software, and memory(ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions
  • an apparatus such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions
  • hardware circuit(s) and or processor(s) such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
  • circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware.
  • circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
  • the embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented by computer software executable by a data processor of the mobile device, such as in the processor entity, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware.
  • Computer software or program also called program product, including software routines, applets and/or macros, may be stored in any apparatus-readable data storage medium and they comprise program instructions to perform particular tasks.
  • a computer program product may comprise one or more computerexecutable components which, when the program is run, are configured to carry out embodiments.
  • the one or more computer-executable components may be at least one software code or portions of it.
  • any blocks of the logic flow as in the Figures may represent program steps, or interconnected logic circuits, blocks and functions, or a combination of program steps and logic circuits, blocks and functions.
  • the software may be stored on such physical media as memory chips, or memory blocks implemented within the processor, magnetic media such as hard disk or floppy disks, and optical media such as for example DVD and the data variants thereof, CD.
  • the physical media is a non-transitory media.
  • non-transitory is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM).
  • the memory may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory.
  • the data processors may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment, and may comprise one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), FPGA, gate level circuits and processors based on multi core processor architecture, as non-limiting examples.
  • Embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced in various components such as integrated circuit modules.
  • the design of integrated circuits is by and large a highly automated process.
  • Complex and powerful software tools are available for converting a logic level design into a semiconductor circuit design ready to be etched and formed on a semiconductor substrate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil comprenant des moyens pour, au niveau d'un équipement utilisateur configuré pour utiliser une pluralité de chemins d'accès à des données destinés à transmettre des données, recevoir des informations associées à au moins l'un des chemins d'accès en provenance d'un réseau cœur, les informations comprenant une indication de performances fournie par un réseau d'accès utilisé pour transmettre les données, et des moyens pour déterminer au moins l'un de la pluralité de chemins d'accès à des données pour transmettre les données sur la base des informations.
PCT/EP2024/061640 2023-05-12 2024-04-26 Appareil, procédé et programme informatique Pending WO2024235617A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

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CN120568380A (zh) * 2025-04-17 2025-08-29 西安华为技术有限公司 通信方法、装置、系统以及存储介质

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WO2019011398A1 (fr) * 2017-07-10 2019-01-17 Motorola Mobility Llc Connexion de données à accès multiples dans un réseau mobile
GB2595937A (en) * 2020-06-12 2021-12-15 Darwin Innovation Group Ltd Access traffic management

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WO2019011398A1 (fr) * 2017-07-10 2019-01-17 Motorola Mobility Llc Connexion de données à accès multiples dans un réseau mobile
GB2595937A (en) * 2020-06-12 2021-12-15 Darwin Innovation Group Ltd Access traffic management

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120568380A (zh) * 2025-04-17 2025-08-29 西安华为技术有限公司 通信方法、装置、系统以及存储介质

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