WO2024230124A1

WO2024230124A1 - Heavy haul train test bench

Info

Publication number: WO2024230124A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/132494
Authority: WO
Inventors: 肖八励; 吴吉恒; 刘文军; 钟星宇; 罗逸韬; 徐誌; 杨清帆; 谢磊
Original assignee: Meishan CRRC Brake Science and Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Meishan CRRC Brake Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-11
Filing date: 2023-11-20
Publication date: 2024-11-14
Anticipated expiration: 2025-11-11
Also published as: CN116242641A; CN116242641B

Abstract

A heavy haul train test bench (100), which relates to the technical field of train test benches. The heavy haul train test bench (100) comprises a plate-shaped intermediate (110), a control valve (120), a combined dust collector (130), an accelerated release reservoir (140), a pressure-reducing reservoir (145), an auxiliary reservoir (150), a brake cylinder (160) and an empty vehicle adjusting device (170), wherein the control valve (120) is arranged on the plate-shaped intermediate (110); and the combined dust collector (130) is arranged on the plate-shaped intermediate (110) and is connected to the control valve (120), and the combined dust collector (130) is configured to be in communication with a train pipe (11). The acceleration release reservoir (140) is in communication with the plate-shaped intermediate (110) and is connected to the control valve (120); the auxiliary reservoir (150) is in communication with the plate-shaped intermediate (110) and is connected to the control valve (120); the brake cylinder (160) is connected to the plate-shaped intermediate (110); and the empty vehicle adjusting device (170) is connected to the pressure-reducing reservoir (145), the brake cylinder (160) and the plate-shaped intermediate (110), the empty vehicle adjusting device (170) and the brake cylinder (160) are arranged on the same side, such that the running conditions of the train in a different empty or heavy-load state can be simulated, the structure is compact, and regulation and observation during a test process are facilitated.

Description

Heavy-load train test bench

相关申请的交叉引用CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

本申请要求于2023年05月11日提交中国专利局的申请号为2023105249931、名称为“重载列车试验台”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of Chinese patent application number 2023105249931 and name “Heavy-load Train Test Bench” filed with the Chinese Patent Office on May 11, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application.

Technical Field

本公开涉及列车试验台技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种重载列车试验台。The present disclosure relates to the technical field of train test benches, and in particular to a heavy-load train test bench.

Background Art

现有的列车试验台，由于各种限制，同一列车的控制阀设计在台架异侧，具有开关作用的集尘器球阀设计在台架中间，不便于在某个单车发生故障后，去关断集尘器球阀。且空重车调整装置与制动缸不在台架的同一侧，不能及时判断制动缸的行程状态与空重车状态是否一致，需要来回跑动绕过一列试验台才能确认，增加了试验人员的操作和调控难度，观测不方便。Due to various restrictions, the existing train test benches have control valves on different sides of the test bench, and the dust collector ball valve with a switch function is designed in the middle of the test bench, which makes it inconvenient to turn off the dust collector ball valve after a single train fails. In addition, the empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device and the brake cylinder are not on the same side of the test bench, so it is impossible to timely determine whether the stroke state of the brake cylinder is consistent with the empty and loaded vehicle state. It is necessary to run back and forth around a test bench to confirm, which increases the difficulty of operation and regulation for test personnel and makes observation inconvenient.

现有试验台采用120阀的铸造中间体，局减室的容积和紧急室的容积作为关键参数，但局减室的容积和紧急室的容积不可调，现有的试验台用空重车调整装置包括传感阀和调整阀，其在试验台均为分开安装在不同的支架上，结构分散、不利于组装，容易存在误差，导致相关连接的管道只能采用软管连接，外观不美观。The existing test bench adopts a casting intermediate of a 120 valve, and the volume of the local reduction chamber and the volume of the emergency chamber are key parameters, but the volume of the local reduction chamber and the volume of the emergency chamber are not adjustable. The existing test bench uses an empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device including a sensing valve and an adjusting valve, which are separately installed on different brackets on the test bench. The structure is dispersed, which is not conducive to assembly and is prone to errors, resulting in related connecting pipes that can only be connected by hoses, and the appearance is not beautiful.

申请内容Application Contents

本公开的目的包括，例如，提供了一种重载列车试验台，其能够模拟不同的空车或重车状态的列车运行工况，结构紧凑，便于试验过程中的调控和观测。The objectives of the present disclosure include, for example, providing a heavy-load train test bench that can simulate different train operating conditions in empty or loaded states, has a compact structure, and is convenient for regulation and observation during the test.

本公开的实施例可以这样实现：The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented as follows:

第一方面，本公开提供一种重载列车试验台，包括控制系统，所述控制系统包括：In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a heavy-load train test bench, including a control system, wherein the control system includes:

板状中间体，所述板状中间体具有容积空腔；所述板状中间体上设有局减部和紧急调控部，所述局减部和所述紧急调控部分别与所述板状中间体可拆卸地连接；所述局减部设有局减室，所述紧急调控部设有紧急室，所述局减室与所述紧急室分别与所述板状中间体的容积空腔连通； A plate-like intermediate body, the plate-like intermediate body having a volume cavity; the plate-like intermediate body is provided with a local reduction portion and an emergency regulation portion, the local reduction portion and the emergency regulation portion are respectively detachably connected to the plate-like intermediate body; the local reduction portion is provided with a local reduction chamber, the emergency regulation portion is provided with an emergency chamber, the local reduction chamber and the emergency chamber are respectively connected to the volume cavity of the plate-like intermediate body;

控制阀，所述控制阀设于所述板状中间体；A control valve, the control valve being arranged on the plate-like intermediate body;

组合集尘器，所述组合集尘器设于所述板状中间体，且与所述控制阀连接，所述组合集尘器配置成与列车管连通；A combined dust collector, the combined dust collector is arranged on the plate-shaped intermediate body and connected to the control valve, and the combined dust collector is configured to communicate with the train pipe;

加速缓解风缸，所述加速缓解风缸与所述板状中间体连通，且与所述控制阀连接；An acceleration relief air cylinder, the acceleration relief air cylinder is communicated with the plate-shaped intermediate body and connected with the control valve;

副风缸，所述副风缸与所述板状中间体连通，且与所述控制阀连接；A secondary air cylinder, the secondary air cylinder is communicated with the plate-shaped intermediate body and connected with the control valve;

制动缸，所述制动缸与所述板状中间体连通；a brake cylinder, the brake cylinder being in communication with the plate-shaped intermediate body;

降压风缸；Pressure reducing air cylinder;

空重车调整装置，所述空重车调整装置包括传感阀和限压阀，所述传感阀包括第一接口和第二接口，所述第一接口连接所述降压风缸，所述第二接口连接所述制动缸；所述限压阀包括第三接口、第四接口和第五接口，所述第三接口连接所述降压风缸，所述第四接口连接所述制动缸；所述第五接口连接所述板状中间体；且所述空重车调整装置与所述制动缸设置在同一侧。An empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device, the empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device comprises a sensing valve and a pressure limiting valve, the sensing valve comprises a first interface and a second interface, the first interface is connected to the pressure reducing air cylinder, and the second interface is connected to the brake cylinder; the pressure limiting valve comprises a third interface, a fourth interface and a fifth interface, the third interface is connected to the pressure reducing air cylinder, and the fourth interface is connected to the brake cylinder; the fifth interface is connected to the plate-like intermediate body; and the empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device and the brake cylinder are arranged on the same side.

可选的，所述第一接口作为出口，所述第一接口通过第一管道连接所述降压风缸；所述第二接口作为进口，所述第二接口通过第二管道连接所述制动缸；所述第三接口通过第三管道连接所述降压风缸，所述第四接口作为出口，所述第四接口通过第四管道连接所述制动缸；所述第五接口作为进口，所述第五接口通过第五管道连接所述板状中间体。Optionally, the first interface serves as an outlet, and the first interface is connected to the pressure-reducing air cylinder through a first pipe; the second interface serves as an inlet, and the second interface is connected to the brake cylinder through a second pipe; the third interface is connected to the pressure-reducing air cylinder through a third pipe, the fourth interface serves as an outlet, and the fourth interface is connected to the brake cylinder through a fourth pipe; the fifth interface serves as an inlet, and the fifth interface is connected to the plate-like intermediate body through a fifth pipe.

在可选的实施方式中，所述板状中间体包括相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述控制阀安装于所述第一表面，所述局减部和所述紧急调控部可拆卸地连接于所述第二表面。In an optional embodiment, the plate-shaped intermediate body includes a first surface and a second surface that are arranged opposite to each other, the control valve is installed on the first surface, and the local reduction part and the emergency regulation part are detachably connected to the second surface.

可选的，所述组合集尘器连接于所述第二表面，所述组合集尘器包括集尘器球阀以及与所述集尘器球阀连接的手柄，所述手柄分别与所述局减部和所述紧急调控部错位设置。Optionally, the combined dust collector is connected to the second surface, and the combined dust collector includes a dust collector ball valve and a handle connected to the dust collector ball valve, and the handle is staggered with the local reduction part and the emergency regulation part, respectively.

在可选的实施方式中，包括并排设置的第一台架和第二台架，所述第一台架和所述第二台架上均设有板状中间体和制动缸，所述第一台架上的控制阀设于所述板状中间体远离所述第二台架的一侧，所述第二台架上的控制阀设于所述板状中间体远离所述第一台架的一侧。In an optional embodiment, it includes a first frame and a second frame arranged side by side, and the first frame and the second frame are both provided with a plate-like intermediate body and a brake cylinder, the control valve on the first frame is arranged on the side of the plate-like intermediate body away from the second frame, and the control valve on the second frame is arranged on the side of the plate-like intermediate body away from the first frame.

可选的，所述板状中间体上设有管路接头，所述管路接头与所述组合集尘器连接，所述第一台架上的管路接头设于所述第一台架远离所述第二台架的一侧，所述第二台架上的管路接头设于所述第二台架远离所述第一台架的一侧。Optionally, the plate-shaped intermediate body is provided with a pipe joint, the pipe joint is connected to the combined dust collector, the pipe joint on the first stand is arranged on a side of the first stand away from the second stand, and the second stand The pipe joint is arranged on a side of the second frame away from the first frame.

可选的，所述第一台架上的制动缸设于所述第一台架靠近所述第二台架的一侧，且所述制动缸的活塞杆伸出方向朝向所述第二台架；所述第二台架上的制动缸设于所述第二台架靠近所述第一台架的一侧，且所述制动缸的活塞杆的伸出方向朝向所述第一台架。Optionally, the brake cylinder on the first frame is arranged on a side of the first frame close to the second frame, and the extension direction of the piston rod of the brake cylinder is toward the second frame; the brake cylinder on the second frame is arranged on a side of the second frame close to the first frame, and the extension direction of the piston rod of the brake cylinder is toward the first frame.

在可选的实施方式中，所述第一台架上设有多个控制系统，多个所述控制系统依次沿列车的长度方向并排设置，所述第二台架上设有多个控制系统，多个所述控制系统依次沿列车的长度方向并排设置。In an optional embodiment, a plurality of control systems are disposed on the first frame, and the plurality of control systems are sequentially arranged side by side along the length direction of the train; and a plurality of control systems are disposed on the second frame, and the plurality of control systems are sequentially arranged side by side along the length direction of the train.

在可选的实施方式中，所述第一台架或所述第二台架的多个所述控制系统中，相邻两个所述板状中间体之间预留有足够的间隙，以供所述集尘器球阀的手柄的顺畅转动，以及保证装拆所述局减部和所述紧急调控部有充足的操作空间。In an optional embodiment, in the multiple control systems of the first stand or the second stand, a sufficient gap is reserved between two adjacent plate-like intermediate bodies to allow smooth rotation of the handle of the dust collector ball valve and to ensure sufficient operating space for installing and disassembling the local reduction part and the emergency regulation part.

可选的，所述降压风缸、所述加速缓解风缸和所述制动缸相对位于所述第一台架或所述第二台架的一侧，所述板状中间体和所述副风缸相对位于所述第一台架或所述第二台架的另一侧。Optionally, the pressure reducing air cylinder, the acceleration relief air cylinder and the brake cylinder are relatively located on one side of the first frame or the second frame, and the plate-shaped intermediate body and the auxiliary air cylinder are relatively located on the other side of the first frame or the second frame.

在可选的实施方式中，所述控制阀所在的平面高度高于所述副风缸所在的平面高度。In an optional embodiment, the height of the plane where the control valve is located is higher than the height of the plane where the auxiliary air cylinder is located.

可选的，所述降压风缸、所述加速缓解风缸的安装位置高于所述制动缸的安装位置。Optionally, the installation positions of the pressure reducing air cylinder and the acceleration relief air cylinder are higher than the installation position of the brake cylinder.

在可选的实施方式中，所述传感阀和所述限压阀设于同一安装支架上。In an optional implementation, the sensing valve and the pressure-limiting valve are arranged on the same mounting bracket.

在可选的实施方式中，所述安装支架上设有调整块，所述传感阀与所述调整块连接。In an optional implementation, an adjustment block is provided on the mounting bracket, and the sensing valve is connected to the adjustment block.

在可选的实施方式中，所述调整块包括垫块，所述垫块设有至少三个位于不同高度的抵持面，所述传感阀选择性地与所述三个抵持面中的一个抵持，以分别模拟列车的空车状态、半重车状态或重车状态。In an optional embodiment, the adjustment block includes a pad block, which is provided with at least three abutment surfaces located at different heights, and the sensing valve selectively abuts against one of the three abutment surfaces to respectively simulate the empty state, semi-loaded state or loaded state of the train.

在可选的实施方式中，所述调整块还包括与所述垫块连接的转轴，所述转轴可转动地连接于所述安装支架，所述转轴配置成调整所述抵持面的位置，以使其中一个所述抵持面与所述传感阀抵持。In an optional embodiment, the adjustment block further includes a rotating shaft connected to the cushion block, the rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the mounting bracket, and the rotating shaft being configured to adjust the position of the abutting surfaces so that one of the abutting surfaces abuts against the sensing valve.

在可选的实施方式中，所述加速缓解风缸、所述降压风缸、所述副风缸、所述制动缸和所述控制阀的安装孔分别设置为长圆孔，以满足便捷更换密封圈的要求。In an optional embodiment, the mounting holes of the acceleration relief air cylinder, the pressure reduction air cylinder, the auxiliary air cylinder, the brake cylinder and the control valve are respectively set as oblong holes to meet the requirement of convenient replacement of sealing rings.

可选的，所述加速缓解风缸、所述降压风缸和所述副风缸分别设有排水阀。Optionally, the acceleration relief air cylinder, the pressure reduction air cylinder and the auxiliary air cylinder are respectively provided with a drain valve.

本公开实施例的有益效果包括，例如：The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present disclosure include, for example:

本公开实施例提供的重载列车试验台，控制阀、组合集尘器和板状中间体集成在一起，结构紧凑，且便于观测和检修。空重车调整装置和制动缸设置在同一侧，便于在试验过程中判断制动缸的行程状态与空重车状态是否一致，观测更加方便。并且，可以模拟不同的空车或重车状态的列车运行工况，可以更换不同体积的局减室与紧急室，模拟不同的制动试验条件，试验结果更可靠。该重载列车试验台整体结构紧凑，便于试验过程中的调控和观测，便于更改试验参数，也有利于检修和维护。The heavy-load train test bench provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure integrates the control valve, the combined dust collector and the plate-shaped intermediate body together, has a compact structure, and is convenient for observation and maintenance. The empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device and the brake cylinder are arranged on the same side, which is convenient for testing. During the test, it is possible to judge whether the stroke state of the brake cylinder is consistent with the empty or loaded state, making observation more convenient. In addition, it is possible to simulate different train operating conditions of empty or loaded states, replace the local reduction chamber and emergency chamber of different volumes, simulate different brake test conditions, and make the test results more reliable. The overall structure of the heavy-duty train test bench is compact, which is convenient for regulation and observation during the test, easy to change the test parameters, and also conducive to inspection and maintenance.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本公开的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present disclosure and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

图1为本公开实施例提供的重载列车试验台的第一视角的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heavy-load train test bench from a first perspective provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图2为本公开实施例提供的重载列车试验台的第二视角的局部结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a heavy-load train test bench from a second viewing angle provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图3为本公开实施例提供的重载列车试验台的控制系统的结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system of a heavy-load train test bench provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图4为本公开实施例提供的重载列车试验台的板状中间体上安装控制阀的应用场景结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an application scenario of installing a control valve on a plate-shaped intermediate body of a heavy-duty train test bench provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图5为本公开实施例提供的重载列车试验台的板状中间体的第一视角的连接应用场景结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection application scenario of a plate-shaped intermediate body of a heavy-duty train test bench provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure from a first perspective;

图6为本公开实施例提供的重载列车试验台的板状中间体的第二视角的连接应用场景结构示意图；FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection application scenario of a plate-shaped intermediate body of a heavy-duty train test bench provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure from a second perspective;

图7为本公开实施例提供的重载列车试验台的空重车调整装置的连接应用场景结构示意图；FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a connection application scenario structure of an empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device of a heavy-load train test bench provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图8为图7中M处的局部结构示意图；FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the M in FIG7;

图9为本公开实施例提供的重载列车试验台的调整块的结构示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustment block of a heavy-load train test bench provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

图标：100-重载列车试验台；10-控制系统；11-列车管；101-第一台架；103-第二台架；110-板状中间体；1101-容积空腔；111-第一表面；112-第二表面；113-局减部；1131-局减室；114-紧急调控部；1141-紧急室；115-管路接头；120-控制阀；130-组合集尘器；1301-集尘器球阀；131-手柄；140-加速缓解风缸；145-降压风缸；141-排水阀；150-副风缸；160-制动缸；161-活塞杆；170-空重车调整装置；171-传感阀；173-限压阀；174-第一接口；175-第二接口；176-第三接口；177-第四接口；178-第五接口；181-第一管道；182-第二管道；183-第三管道；184-第四管道；185-第五管道；190-安装支架；191-调整块；192-垫块；193-转轴；194-抵持面；195-长圆孔。Icons: 100-heavy-load train test bench; 10-control system; 11-train pipe; 101-first test bench; 103-second test bench; 110-plate intermediate body; 1101-volume cavity; 111-first surface; 112-second surface; 113-local reduction unit; 1131-local reduction room; 114-emergency control unit; 1141-emergency room; 115-pipeline joint; 120-control valve; 130-combined dust collector; 1301-dust collector ball valve; 131-handle; 140-accelerated relief wind cylinder; 145-pressure reducing air cylinder; 141-drain valve; 150-auxiliary air cylinder; 160-brake cylinder; 161-piston rod; 170-empty and heavy vehicle adjustment device; 171-sensing valve; 173-pressure limiting valve; 174-first interface; 175-second interface; 176-third interface; 177-fourth interface; 178-fifth interface; 181-first pipeline; 182-second pipeline; 183-third pipeline; 184-fourth pipeline; 185-fifth pipeline; 190-mounting bracket; 191-adjustment Block; 192-pad; 193-rotating shaft; 194-supporting surface; 195-oblong hole.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本公开实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present disclosure described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

因此，以下对在附图中提供的本公开的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本公开的范围，而是仅仅表示本公开的选定实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，若出现术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

此外，若出现术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish between the descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例中的特征可以相互结合。It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

请参考图1至图4、图7至图9，本实施例提供了一种重载列车试验台100包括板状中间体110、控制阀120、组合集尘器130、加速缓解风缸140、降压风缸145、副风缸150、制动缸160和空重车调整装置170。控制阀120设于板状中间体110上。组合集尘器130设于板状中间体110上，且组合集尘器130与控制阀120连接，组合集尘器130配置成与列车管11连通。加速缓解风缸140与板状中间体110连通，且加速缓解风缸140与控制阀120连接。副风缸150与板状中间体110连通，且副风缸150与控制阀120连接。制动缸160与板状中间体110连接。空重车调整装置170包括传感阀171和限压阀173，传感阀171包括第一接口174和第二接口175，第一接口174作为出口，通过第一管道181连接降压风缸145。第二接口175作为进口，通过第二管道182连接制动缸160。限压阀173包括第三接口176、第四接口177和第五接口178，第三接口176通过第三管道183连接降压风缸145。第四接口177作为出口，通过第四管道184连接制动缸160。第五接口178作为进口，通过第五管道185连接板状中间体110。空重车调整装置170与制动缸160设置在同一侧。可以模拟不同的空车或重车状态的列车运行工况，结构紧凑，便于试验过程中的调控和观测。Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 and Figures 7 to 9. This embodiment provides a heavy-duty train test bench 100 including a plate-shaped intermediate body 110, a control valve 120, a combined dust collector 130, an acceleration relief air cylinder 140, a pressure reduction air cylinder 145, an auxiliary air cylinder 150, a brake cylinder 160 and an empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device 170. The control valve 120 is provided on the plate-shaped intermediate body 110. The combined dust collector 130 is provided on the plate-shaped intermediate body 110, and the combined dust collector 130 is connected to the control valve 120, and the combined dust collector 130 is configured to communicate with the train pipe 11. The acceleration relief air cylinder 140 is in communication with the plate-shaped intermediate body 110, and the acceleration relief air cylinder 140 is connected to the control valve 120. The auxiliary air cylinder 150 is in communication with the plate-shaped intermediate body 110, and the auxiliary air cylinder 150 is connected to the control valve 120. The brake cylinder 160 is connected to the plate-shaped intermediate body 110. The empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device 170 includes a sensing valve 171 and a pressure limiting valve 173. The sensing valve 171 includes a first interface 174 and a second interface 175. The first interface 174 is used as an outlet and is connected to the pressure reducing air cylinder 145 through a first pipeline 181. The second interface 175 is used as an inlet and is connected to the pressure reducing air cylinder 145 through a second pipeline 182. The brake cylinder 160. The pressure limiting valve 173 includes a third interface 176, a fourth interface 177 and a fifth interface 178, and the third interface 176 is connected to the pressure reducing air cylinder 145 through a third pipe 183. The fourth interface 177 is used as an outlet and is connected to the brake cylinder 160 through a fourth pipe 184. The fifth interface 178 is used as an inlet and is connected to the plate-shaped intermediate body 110 through a fifth pipe 185. The empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device 170 is arranged on the same side as the brake cylinder 160. It can simulate different train operation conditions of empty or loaded vehicles, has a compact structure, and is convenient for regulation and observation during the test process.

需要说明的是，图3所示的视角中，第二接口175和第三接口176位于同一截面上，只示出了一个，另一个被挡住了。类似地，第四接口177和第五接口178位于同一截面上，只示出了一个，另一个被挡住了。3, the second interface 175 and the third interface 176 are located on the same cross section, only one is shown, and the other is blocked. Similarly, the fourth interface 177 and the fifth interface 178 are located on the same cross section, only one is shown, and the other is blocked.

结合图4至图6，板状中间体110上还设有局减部113和紧急调控部114，局减部113和紧急调控部114分别与板状中间体110可拆卸地连接。局减部113设有局减室1131，紧急调控部114设有紧急室1141，局减室1131与紧急室1141分别与板状中间体110连通。本实施例中，局减部113和紧急调控部114采用可拆卸的连接方式，便于更换和维修。可拆卸连接方式包括但不限于螺栓连接或卡接等。通过更换具有不同容积的局减室1131的局减部113，或者更换具有不同容积的紧急室1141的紧急调控部114，可以改变列车模拟试验的关键参数，如模拟紧急室1141的容积改变、模拟局减室1131的容积改变，从而调整不同的控制变量，实现多工况的模拟试验。In conjunction with Figures 4 to 6, the plate-like intermediate body 110 is also provided with a local reduction part 113 and an emergency control part 114, and the local reduction part 113 and the emergency control part 114 are respectively detachably connected to the plate-like intermediate body 110. The local reduction part 113 is provided with a local reduction chamber 1131, and the emergency control part 114 is provided with an emergency chamber 1141, and the local reduction chamber 1131 and the emergency chamber 1141 are respectively connected to the plate-like intermediate body 110. In this embodiment, the local reduction part 113 and the emergency control part 114 are connected in a detachable manner, which is convenient for replacement and maintenance. The detachable connection method includes but is not limited to bolt connection or clamping. By replacing the local reduction part 113 with a local reduction chamber 1131 with different volumes, or replacing the emergency control part 114 with an emergency chamber 1141 with different volumes, the key parameters of the train simulation test can be changed, such as the volume change of the simulated emergency chamber 1141 and the volume change of the simulated local reduction chamber 1131, so as to adjust different control variables and realize the simulation test of multiple working conditions.

可以理解，局减室1131配置成在制动时实现列车管11的局部减压。紧急室1141配置成在紧急制动时，迅速实现列车管11压力降低，达到紧急制动的目的。组合集尘器130配置成对从列车管11输送来的压力空气进行过滤、集尘。It can be understood that the local pressure reduction chamber 1131 is configured to achieve local pressure reduction of the train pipe 11 during braking. The emergency chamber 1141 is configured to quickly reduce the pressure of the train pipe 11 during emergency braking to achieve the purpose of emergency braking. The combined dust collector 130 is configured to filter and collect dust from the pressurized air delivered from the train pipe 11.

可选的，板状中间体110包括相对设置的第一表面111和第二表面112，控制阀120安装于第一表面111，局减部113和紧急调控部114连接于第二表面112。这样设置，结构紧凑，板状中间体110受力均匀，并且充分利用板状中间体110上的操作空间，便于调控和检修，装拆效率高。Optionally, the plate-shaped intermediate body 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 arranged opposite to each other, the control valve 120 is mounted on the first surface 111, and the local reduction portion 113 and the emergency regulation portion 114 are connected to the second surface 112. With this arrangement, the structure is compact, the plate-shaped intermediate body 110 is subjected to uniform force, and the operating space on the plate-shaped intermediate body 110 is fully utilized, which is convenient for regulation and maintenance, and has high assembly and disassembly efficiency.

可以理解，组合集尘器130连接于第二表面112，组合集尘器130中设有具有开关作用的集尘器球阀1301，且设有配置成操作该集尘器球阀1301的手柄131，若其中一个单车出现异常或故障后，便于通过手柄131去关断集尘器球阀1301。一辆列车具有多个单车，每个单车配置有至少一个控制系统10，每个控制系统10分别包括制动缸160、加速缓解风缸140、降压风缸145、副风缸150、板状中间体110、控制阀120、组合集尘器130和空重车调整装置170等。因此，本实施例提供的重载列车试验台100中，包括沿列车的宽度方向并排设置的第一台架101和第二台架103，第一台架101和第二台架103上分别安装有多个控制系统10。比如第一台架101和第二台架103上分别设有板状中间体110、制动缸160、降压风缸145、加速缓解风缸140以及副风缸150等。并且，第一台架101上，多个控制系统10依次沿列车的长度方向并排设置，第二台架103上，多个控制系统10依次沿列车的长度方向并排设置。板状中间体110分别位于第一台架101远离第二台架103的一侧以及位于第二台架103远离第一台架101的一侧。这样，便于与列车管11连接，配置成与列车管11连接的接头处操作空间充足，连接效率高，并且多个板状中间体110并排设置，便于检修、故障排查以及试验观测等。试验人员可以一次观测到多个控制系统10的工况，一目了然，检修效率高。It can be understood that the combined dust collector 130 is connected to the second surface 112, and a dust collector ball valve 1301 with a switch function is provided in the combined dust collector 130, and a handle 131 configured to operate the dust collector ball valve 1301 is provided. If one of the single vehicles is abnormal or fails, it is convenient to turn off the dust collector ball valve 1301 through the handle 131. A train has multiple single vehicles, and each single vehicle is equipped with at least one control system 10. Each control system 10 includes a brake cylinder 160, an acceleration relief air cylinder 140, a pressure reduction air cylinder 145, an auxiliary air cylinder 150, a plate-like intermediate body 110, a control valve 120, a combined dust collector 130 and an empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device 170. Therefore, the heavy-load train test bench 100 provided in this embodiment includes The first frame 101 and the second frame 103 are arranged side by side along the width direction of the train, and multiple control systems 10 are installed on the first frame 101 and the second frame 103 respectively. For example, the first frame 101 and the second frame 103 are respectively provided with a plate-shaped intermediate body 110, a brake cylinder 160, a pressure reduction air cylinder 145, an acceleration relief air cylinder 140 and an auxiliary air cylinder 150. In addition, on the first frame 101, multiple control systems 10 are arranged side by side in sequence along the length direction of the train, and on the second frame 103, multiple control systems 10 are arranged side by side in sequence along the length direction of the train. The plate-shaped intermediate body 110 is respectively located on the side of the first frame 101 away from the second frame 103 and on the side of the second frame 103 away from the first frame 101. In this way, it is convenient to connect with the train pipe 11, and the joint configured to be connected with the train pipe 11 has sufficient operating space and high connection efficiency. In addition, multiple plate-shaped intermediate bodies 110 are arranged side by side, which is convenient for maintenance, troubleshooting and test observation. The test personnel can observe the working conditions of multiple control systems 10 at one time, which is clear at a glance and improves the maintenance efficiency.

第一台架101上的控制阀120设于板状中间体110远离第二台架103的一侧，第二台架103上的控制阀120设于板状中间体110远离第一台架101的一侧。可选的，组合集尘器130设于板状中间体110的背面，即板状中间体110分别与局减部113和紧急调控部114位于同一侧，并且，组合集尘器130的手柄131分别与局减部113和紧急调控部114错位设置，以保证手柄131在转动过程中有足够的操作空间，不与局减部113、紧急调控部114等发生干涉。此外，相邻两个板状中间体110之间预留有足够的操作空间，确保集尘器球阀1301的手柄131的顺畅转动，也能保证装拆局减部113和紧急调控部114有充足的操作空间。The control valve 120 on the first stand 101 is arranged on the side of the plate-like intermediate body 110 away from the second stand 103, and the control valve 120 on the second stand 103 is arranged on the side of the plate-like intermediate body 110 away from the first stand 101. Optionally, the combined dust collector 130 is arranged on the back of the plate-like intermediate body 110, that is, the plate-like intermediate body 110 is located on the same side as the local reduction part 113 and the emergency regulation part 114, and the handle 131 of the combined dust collector 130 is staggered with the local reduction part 113 and the emergency regulation part 114, respectively, to ensure that the handle 131 has enough operating space during the rotation process and does not interfere with the local reduction part 113, the emergency regulation part 114, etc. In addition, sufficient operating space is reserved between two adjacent plate-like intermediate bodies 110 to ensure the smooth rotation of the handle 131 of the dust collector ball valve 1301, and also to ensure that there is sufficient operating space for the installation and disassembly of the local reduction part 113 and the emergency regulation part 114.

板状中间体110上设有管路接头115，管路接头115与组合集尘器130连接，第一台架101上的管路接头115设于第一台架101远离第二台架103的一侧，第二台架103上的管路接头115设于第二台架103远离第一台架101的一侧。管路接头115包括但不限于与列车管11连通的管路或者其他管路。The plate-shaped intermediate body 110 is provided with a pipe joint 115, which is connected to the combined dust collector 130. The pipe joint 115 on the first frame 101 is provided on a side of the first frame 101 away from the second frame 103, and the pipe joint 115 on the second frame 103 is provided on a side of the second frame 103 away from the first frame 101. The pipe joint 115 includes but is not limited to a pipe connected to the train pipe 11 or other pipes.

第一台架101上的制动缸160设于第一台架101靠近第二台架103的一侧，且制动缸160的活塞杆161伸出方向朝向第二台架103；第二台架103上的制动缸160设于第二台架103靠近第一台架101的一侧，且制动缸160的活塞杆161的伸出方向朝向第一台架101。这样设置，结构更加紧凑，排列更加整齐。并且第一台架101和第二台架103上的活塞杆161伸出方向相对，都朝向第一台架101和第二台架103之间。在试验过程中，便于查看活塞杆161的伸出状态，试验人员位于第一台架101和第二台架103之间，即可查看全部的制动缸160的活塞杆161的伸出状态，试验效率高。The brake cylinder 160 on the first test bench 101 is arranged on the side of the first test bench 101 close to the second test bench 103, and the extension direction of the piston rod 161 of the brake cylinder 160 is toward the second test bench 103; the brake cylinder 160 on the second test bench 103 is arranged on the side of the second test bench 103 close to the first test bench 101, and the extension direction of the piston rod 161 of the brake cylinder 160 is toward the first test bench 101. In this way, the structure is more compact and the arrangement is more neat. In addition, the extension directions of the piston rods 161 on the first test bench 101 and the second test bench 103 are opposite, both facing between the first test bench 101 and the second test bench 103. During the test, it is convenient to check the extension state of the piston rod 161. The test personnel are located between the first test bench 101 and the second test bench 103, and can check the extension state of the piston rods 161 of all brake cylinders 160, and the test efficiency is high.

本实施例中，降压风缸145、加速缓解风缸140和制动缸160相对位于第一台架101 或第二台架103的一侧，板状中间体110和副风缸150相对位于第一台架101或第二台架103的另一侧。这样设置，充分利用第一台架101和第二台架103的空间，结构紧凑，便于观测和检修，并且操作空间分布均匀，确保每个部件均有足够的检修操作空间。可选的，控制阀120所在的平面高度高于副风缸150所在的平面高度，即控制阀120安装于副风缸150的上方，这样设置便于控制阀120中的冷凝水在重力作用下流入副风缸150，并从副风缸150设有的排水阀141处排出，由于控制阀120中的冷凝水能及时排出，有利于提高控制阀120的控制精度，从而提高试验精度和试验结果的可靠性，也有利于延长控制阀120的使用寿命。In this embodiment, the pressure reducing air cylinder 145, the acceleration relief air cylinder 140 and the brake cylinder 160 are relatively located on the first frame 101. Or one side of the second stand 103, the plate-like intermediate body 110 and the auxiliary air cylinder 150 are relatively located on the other side of the first stand 101 or the second stand 103. This arrangement makes full use of the space of the first stand 101 and the second stand 103, has a compact structure, is convenient for observation and maintenance, and the operating space is evenly distributed, ensuring that each component has sufficient maintenance and operation space. Optionally, the plane height where the control valve 120 is located is higher than the plane height where the auxiliary air cylinder 150 is located, that is, the control valve 120 is installed above the auxiliary air cylinder 150. This arrangement facilitates the condensed water in the control valve 120 to flow into the auxiliary air cylinder 150 under the action of gravity, and be discharged from the drain valve 141 provided on the auxiliary air cylinder 150. Since the condensed water in the control valve 120 can be discharged in time, it is beneficial to improve the control accuracy of the control valve 120, thereby improving the test accuracy and the reliability of the test results, and is also beneficial to extend the service life of the control valve 120.

可选的，降压风缸145、加速缓解风缸140的安装位置高于制动缸160的安装位置，这样控制系统10在第一台架101和第二台架103上的分布更加均匀，第一台架101和第二台架103受力更均匀。并且上述布设有利于起到缓冲减震的效果，容易理解，若是降压风缸145、加速缓解风缸140和副风缸150位于同侧，可能导致试验过程中振动加剧。Optionally, the installation positions of the pressure reducing air cylinder 145 and the acceleration relief air cylinder 140 are higher than the installation position of the brake cylinder 160, so that the distribution of the control system 10 on the first frame 101 and the second frame 103 is more uniform, and the first frame 101 and the second frame 103 are more evenly stressed. In addition, the above arrangement is conducive to the effect of buffering and shock absorption. It is easy to understand that if the pressure reducing air cylinder 145, the acceleration relief air cylinder 140 and the auxiliary air cylinder 150 are located on the same side, the vibration may be aggravated during the test.

可以理解，降压风缸145、加速缓解风缸140和副风缸150的底部都分别设有至少一个专门的排水阀141，便于及时排水，以提高降压风缸145、加速缓解风缸140和副风缸150的控制精度、工作效率，以及延长使用寿命。且设置排水阀141后，排水操作更加方便。排水阀141可以是一个、两个、三个、四个、五个、六个或更多，多个排水阀141可以均匀分布或对称分布，这里不作具体限定。本实施例中，降压风缸145、加速缓解风缸140、副风缸150、制动缸160、控制阀120等的安装孔分别设置为长圆孔195，以满足便捷更换密封圈的要求。因为组装密封圈需要空间，设置长圆孔195便于在组装之后留出组装密封圈的空间。It can be understood that at least one special drain valve 141 is respectively provided at the bottom of the depressurization air cylinder 145, the acceleration relief air cylinder 140 and the auxiliary air cylinder 150, so as to facilitate timely drainage, so as to improve the control accuracy, work efficiency and service life of the depressurization air cylinder 145, the acceleration relief air cylinder 140 and the auxiliary air cylinder 150. And after the drain valve 141 is set, the drainage operation is more convenient. The drain valve 141 can be one, two, three, four, five, six or more, and the multiple drain valves 141 can be evenly distributed or symmetrically distributed, which is not specifically limited here. In this embodiment, the mounting holes of the depressurization air cylinder 145, the acceleration relief air cylinder 140, the auxiliary air cylinder 150, the brake cylinder 160, the control valve 120, etc. are respectively set to oblong holes 195 to meet the requirements of convenient replacement of the sealing ring. Because the assembly of the sealing ring requires space, the oblong hole 195 is set to leave space for assembling the sealing ring after assembly.

本实施例中，降压风缸145和加速缓解风缸140可以设置在一起，即采用双室风缸。本实施例中，传感阀171、限压阀173和制动缸160位于同一侧，便于试验过程中进行观测。制动缸160的活塞杆161伸出方向应与空重车调整装置170同侧，实验人员不需要来回跑动绕过一列试验台才能确认，可及时判断制动缸160行程状态与空重车状态显示是否一致，试验效率高。可选的，传感阀171和限压阀173设于同一安装支架190上，安装于同一高度位置，结构紧凑，便于观测。安装支架190固定于第一台架101和第二台架103上。可选地，安装支架190和第一台架101的连接可以采用螺栓固定安装，或采用铆接、焊接或卡接等。类似地，安装支架190和第二台架103的连接可以采用螺栓固定安装，或采用铆接、焊接或卡接等。In this embodiment, the pressure reducing air cylinder 145 and the acceleration relief air cylinder 140 can be arranged together, that is, a double-chamber air cylinder is used. In this embodiment, the sensing valve 171, the pressure limiting valve 173 and the brake cylinder 160 are located on the same side, which is convenient for observation during the test. The extension direction of the piston rod 161 of the brake cylinder 160 should be on the same side as the empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device 170. The experimenter does not need to run back and forth around a row of test benches to confirm. It can be timely judged whether the stroke state of the brake cylinder 160 is consistent with the empty and loaded vehicle state display, and the test efficiency is high. Optionally, the sensing valve 171 and the pressure limiting valve 173 are arranged on the same mounting bracket 190 and installed at the same height position. The structure is compact and easy to observe. The mounting bracket 190 is fixed to the first frame 101 and the second frame 103. Optionally, the connection between the mounting bracket 190 and the first frame 101 can be fixed and installed by bolts, or by riveting, welding or clamping. Similarly, the connection between the mounting bracket 190 and the second frame 103 can be bolted. Fixed installation, or by riveting, welding or clamping, etc.

可选的，安装支架190上设有调整块191，传感阀171与调整块191连接。本实施例中，调整块191包括垫块192和与垫块192连接的转轴193，垫块192设有至少三个位于不同高度的抵持面194，传感阀171选择性地与三个抵持面194中的一个抵持，以分别模拟列车的空车状态、半重车状态或重车状态。转轴193可转动地连接于安装支架190，转轴193配置成调整抵持面194的位置，以使其中一个抵持面194与传感阀171抵持。可以理解，由于三个抵持面194分别位于不同的高度，传感阀171与其抵持时，具有不同的位移行程限制。比如，传感阀171的触头抵持在最高的抵持面194(远离转轴193的一个抵持面194)，传感阀171的位移行程最小，可模拟重车状态。传感阀171的触头抵持在中间的抵持面194，传感阀171的位移行程适中，可模拟半重车状态。传感阀171的触头抵持在最低的抵持面194(靠近转轴193的抵持面194)，传感阀171的位移行程最大，可模拟空车状态。Optionally, an adjustment block 191 is provided on the mounting bracket 190, and the sensing valve 171 is connected to the adjustment block 191. In this embodiment, the adjustment block 191 includes a cushion block 192 and a rotating shaft 193 connected to the cushion block 192, and the cushion block 192 is provided with at least three abutting surfaces 194 located at different heights, and the sensing valve 171 selectively abuts against one of the three abutting surfaces 194 to respectively simulate the empty state, semi-loaded state or loaded state of the train. The rotating shaft 193 is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 190, and the rotating shaft 193 is configured to adjust the position of the abutting surfaces 194 so that one of the abutting surfaces 194 abuts against the sensing valve 171. It can be understood that since the three abutting surfaces 194 are located at different heights, the sensing valve 171 has different displacement stroke limits when abutting against them. For example, when the contact of the sensing valve 171 abuts against the highest abutting surface 194 (a abutting surface 194 far from the rotating shaft 193), the displacement stroke of the sensing valve 171 is the smallest, which can simulate a heavy vehicle state. When the contact of the sensing valve 171 abuts against the middle abutting surface 194, the displacement stroke of the sensing valve 171 is moderate, which can simulate a semi-heavy vehicle state. When the contact of the sensing valve 171 abuts against the lowest abutting surface 194 (abutting surface 194 close to the rotating shaft 193), the displacement stroke of the sensing valve 171 is the largest, which can simulate an empty vehicle state.

当然，在一些实施方式中，根据模拟车辆的状态不同，抵持面194的数量可以不止三个，比如可以是四个、五个或更多个，以模拟更多不同的车辆工况。Of course, in some embodiments, depending on the state of the simulated vehicle, the number of the abutment surfaces 194 may be more than three, for example, four, five or more, to simulate more different vehicle operating conditions.

通过设置调整块191，可以模拟空车、半重车和重车的运行工况，结构紧凑，节约空间，调整方便。并且，试验过程中，便于观测制动缸160和空重车调整装置170两者的状态匹配性是否一致。调整块191固定设置在安装支架190上，结构可靠，不易丢失。By setting the adjustment block 191, the running conditions of an empty vehicle, a semi-loaded vehicle and a loaded vehicle can be simulated, the structure is compact, space saving and adjustment is convenient. In addition, during the test, it is convenient to observe whether the state matching of the brake cylinder 160 and the empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device 170 is consistent. The adjustment block 191 is fixedly set on the mounting bracket 190, and the structure is reliable and not easy to lose.

需要说明的是，本实施例中，列车管11经组合集尘器130与板状中间体110连通，板状中间体110内具有容积空腔1101，板状中间体110上可拆卸地外接局减部113和紧急调控部114，局减室1131和紧急室1141分别与板状中间体110内的容积空腔1101连通。板状中间体110不仅具有安装承载作用，比如安装控制阀120、安装组合集尘器130等，还具有管路连通作用，能够将副风缸150、制动缸160、降压风缸145、加速缓解风缸140、列车管11与控制阀120对应的孔路连接起来。It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the train pipe 11 is connected to the plate-like intermediate body 110 through the combined dust collector 130, and the plate-like intermediate body 110 has a volume cavity 1101. The plate-like intermediate body 110 is detachably connected to the local reduction part 113 and the emergency control part 114, and the local reduction chamber 1131 and the emergency chamber 1141 are respectively connected to the volume cavity 1101 in the plate-like intermediate body 110. The plate-like intermediate body 110 not only has the function of installation and bearing, such as installing the control valve 120 and the combined dust collector 130, but also has the function of pipeline connection, which can connect the auxiliary air cylinder 150, the brake cylinder 160, the pressure reduction air cylinder 145, the acceleration relief air cylinder 140, the train pipe 11 and the corresponding holes of the control valve 120.

加速缓解风缸140具有加速缓解的作用，降压风缸145具有降压的作用。加速缓解时，加速缓解风缸140的空气进入列车管11，提高列车管11压力增加速度；降压制动时，切断降压风缸145、加速缓解风缸140向列车管11通风，列车管11空气排向大气，列车管11减压；列车管11与副风缸150形成压力差，控制阀120进入制动位，副风缸150的空气经控制阀120和空重车调整装置170进入制动缸160，使制动缸160压力增加，制动缸160推动推杆进行制动。 The acceleration relief air cylinder 140 has the function of acceleration relief, and the pressure reduction air cylinder 145 has the function of pressure reduction. During acceleration relief, the air in the acceleration relief air cylinder 140 enters the train pipe 11, increasing the speed of pressure increase in the train pipe 11; during pressure reduction braking, the pressure reduction air cylinder 145 and the acceleration relief air cylinder 140 are cut off to ventilate the train pipe 11, and the air in the train pipe 11 is discharged to the atmosphere, and the train pipe 11 is decompressed; the train pipe 11 forms a pressure difference with the auxiliary air cylinder 150, the control valve 120 enters the braking position, and the air in the auxiliary air cylinder 150 enters the brake cylinder 160 through the control valve 120 and the empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device 170, so that the pressure in the brake cylinder 160 increases, and the brake cylinder 160 pushes the push rod to brake.

缓解时(提速或起步时)，加速缓解风缸140通过列车管11向车辆充气，列车管11压力上升，高于副风缸150的压力并达到一定压力差时，控制阀120进入缓解位，使制动缸160的压力空气通过控制阀120排入大气，制动缸160压力降低，松开闸瓦，进行提速或起步。以上控制系统10的制动原理或缓解原理属于现有技术，这里不作详细说明。During the release (acceleration or start), the acceleration release air cylinder 140 inflates the vehicle through the train pipe 11. When the pressure of the train pipe 11 rises and is higher than the pressure of the auxiliary air cylinder 150 and reaches a certain pressure difference, the control valve 120 enters the release position, so that the pressurized air of the brake cylinder 160 is discharged into the atmosphere through the control valve 120, the pressure of the brake cylinder 160 is reduced, the brake shoe is released, and the speed is increased or the vehicle starts. The braking principle or release principle of the above control system 10 belongs to the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

综上所述，本公开实施例提供的重载列车试验台100，具有以下几个方面的有益效果，包括：In summary, the heavy-load train test bench 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure has the following beneficial effects, including:

本公开实施例提供的重载列车试验台100，控制阀120、组合集尘器130和板状中间体110集成在一起，结构紧凑，且便于观测和检修。空重车调整装置170和制动缸160设置在同一侧，便于在试验过程中判断制动缸160的行程状态与空重车状态是否一致，观测更加方便。并且，可以模拟不同的空车、半重车或重车状态的列车运行工况，试验结果更可靠。该重载列车试验台100整体结构紧凑，便于试验过程中的调控和观测，也有利于检修和维护。The heavy-duty train test bench 100 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the control valve 120, the combined dust collector 130 and the plate-like intermediate body 110 are integrated together, the structure is compact, and it is convenient to observe and repair. The empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device 170 and the brake cylinder 160 are arranged on the same side, which is convenient for judging whether the stroke state of the brake cylinder 160 is consistent with the empty and loaded vehicle state during the test, and the observation is more convenient. In addition, different train operating conditions of empty vehicles, semi-heavy vehicles or heavy vehicles can be simulated, and the test results are more reliable. The overall structure of the heavy-duty train test bench 100 is compact, which is convenient for regulation and observation during the test, and is also conducive to repair and maintenance.

以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Industrial Applicability

本公开提供的一种重载列车试验台100，其能够模拟不同的空车或重车状态的列车运行工况，结构紧凑，便于试验过程中的调控和观测。 The present disclosure provides a heavy-load train test bench 100, which can simulate different train operating conditions in empty or loaded states, has a compact structure, and is convenient for regulation and observation during the test process.

Claims

A heavy-load train test bench, characterized in that it comprises a control system (10), wherein the control system (10) comprises:

A plate-like intermediate body (110), wherein the plate-like intermediate body (110) has a volume cavity (1101); a local reduction portion (113) and an emergency regulation portion (114) are provided on the plate-like intermediate body (110), and the local reduction portion (113) and the emergency regulation portion (114) are respectively detachably connected to the plate-like intermediate body (110); the local reduction portion (113) is provided with a local reduction chamber (1131), and the emergency regulation portion (114) is provided with an emergency chamber (1141), and the local reduction chamber (1131) and the emergency chamber (1141) are respectively connected to the volume cavity (1101) of the plate-like intermediate body (110);

a control valve (120), wherein the control valve (120) is disposed on the plate-shaped intermediate body (110);

A combined dust collector (130), the combined dust collector (130) being disposed on the plate-shaped intermediate body (110) and connected to the control valve (120), the combined dust collector (130) being configured to communicate with the train pipe (11);

An acceleration relief air cylinder (140), the acceleration relief air cylinder (140) being in communication with the plate-shaped intermediate body (110) and connected to the control valve (120);

An auxiliary air cylinder (150), the auxiliary air cylinder (150) being in communication with the plate-shaped intermediate body (110) and connected to the control valve (120);

a brake cylinder (160), the brake cylinder (160) being in communication with the plate-shaped intermediate body (110);

Pressure reducing air cylinder (145);

An empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device (170), the empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device (170) comprising a sensing valve (171) and a pressure limiting valve (173), the sensing valve (171) comprising a first interface (174) and a second interface (175), the first interface (174) being connected to the pressure reducing air cylinder (145), the second interface (175) being connected to the pressure reducing air cylinder (145), The brake cylinder (160); the pressure limiting valve (173) comprises a third interface (176), a fourth interface (177) and a fifth interface (178), the third interface (176) is connected to the pressure reducing air cylinder (145), the fourth interface (177) is connected to the brake cylinder (160); the fifth interface (178) is connected to the plate-like intermediate body (110); and the empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device (170) is arranged on the same side as the brake cylinder (160).

The heavy-load train test bench according to claim 1 is characterized in that the first interface (174) serves as an outlet, and the first interface (174) is connected to the pressure-reducing air cylinder (145) through a first pipe (181); the second interface (175) serves as an inlet, and the second interface (175) is connected to the brake cylinder (160) through a second pipe (182); the third interface (176) is connected to the pressure-reducing air cylinder (145) through a third pipe (183), the fourth interface (177) serves as an outlet, and the fourth interface (177) is connected to the brake cylinder (160) through a fourth pipe (184); the fifth interface (178) serves as an inlet, and the fifth interface (178) is connected to the plate-like intermediate body (110) through a fifth pipe (185).

The heavy-load train test bench according to claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that the plate-like intermediate body (110) includes a first surface (111) and a second surface (112) arranged opposite to each other, the control valve (120) is installed on the first surface (111), and the local reduction part (113) and the emergency regulation part (114) are detachably connected to the second surface (112).

The heavy-load train test bench according to claim 3 is characterized in that the combined dust collector (130) is connected to the second surface (112), and the combined dust collector (130) includes a dust collector ball valve (1301) and a handle (131) connected to the dust collector ball valve (1301), and the handle (131) is staggered with the local reduction part (113) and the emergency regulation part (114), respectively.

The heavy-load train test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that it comprises a first frame (101) and a second frame (103) arranged side by side, the first frame (101) and the second frame (103) are both provided with the plate-like intermediate body (110) and the brake cylinder (160), the control valve (120) on the first frame (101) is arranged on the side of the plate-like intermediate body (110) away from the second frame (103), and the control valve (120) on the second frame (103) is arranged on the side of the plate-like intermediate body (110) away from the first frame (101).

The heavy-load train test bench according to claim 5 is characterized in that a pipe joint (115) is provided on the plate-like intermediate body (110), and the pipe joint (115) is connected to the combined dust collector (130), and the pipe joint (115) on the first frame (101) is arranged on a side of the first frame (101) away from the second frame (103), and the pipe joint (115) on the second frame (103) is arranged on a side of the second frame (103) away from the first frame (101).

The heavy-load train test bench according to claim 5 or 6 is characterized in that the brake cylinder (160) on the first frame (101) is arranged on the side of the first frame (101) close to the second frame (103), and the extension direction of the piston rod (161) of the brake cylinder (160) is toward the second frame (103); the brake cylinder (160) on the second frame (103) is arranged on the side of the second frame (103) close to the first frame (101), and the extension direction of the piston rod (161) of the brake cylinder (160) is toward the first frame (101).

The heavy-load train test bench according to any one of claims 5 to 7 is characterized in that a plurality of control systems (10) are provided on the first frame (101), and the plurality of control systems (10) are arranged side by side in sequence along the length direction of the train, and a plurality of control systems (10) are provided on the second frame (103), and the plurality of control systems (10) are arranged side by side in sequence along the length direction of the train.

The heavy-load train test bench according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in the multiple control systems (10) of the first frame (101) or the second frame (103), a gap is reserved between two adjacent plate-like intermediate bodies (110) to facilitate the smooth rotation of the handle (131) of the dust collector ball valve (1301) and to ensure that there is sufficient operating space for installing and disassembling the local reduction part (113) and the emergency regulation part (114).

The heavy-load train test bench according to any one of claims 5 to 9 is characterized in that the pressure reducing air cylinder (145), the acceleration relief air cylinder (140) and the brake cylinder (160) are relatively located on one side of the first frame (101) or the second frame (103), and the plate-like intermediate body (110) and the auxiliary air cylinder (150) are relatively located on the other side of the first frame (101) or the second frame (103).

The heavy-load train test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is characterized in that the plane height where the control valve (120) is located is higher than the plane height where the auxiliary air cylinder (150) is located.

The heavy-load train test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is characterized in that the installation positions of the pressure reduction air cylinder (145) and the acceleration relief air cylinder (140) are higher than the installation position of the brake cylinder (160).

The heavy-load train test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 12 is characterized in that the sensing valve (171) and the pressure-limiting valve (173) are arranged on the same mounting bracket (190).

The heavy-load train test bench according to claim 13 is characterized in that an adjustment block (191) is provided on the mounting bracket (190), and the sensing valve (171) is connected to the adjustment block (191).

The heavy-load train test bench according to claim 14 is characterized in that the adjustment block (191) includes a cushion block (192), and the cushion block (192) is provided with at least three abutting surfaces (194) located at different heights, and the sensing valve (171) selectively abuts against one of the three abutting surfaces (194) to respectively simulate the empty state, semi-loaded state or loaded state of the train.

The heavy-load train test bench according to claim 15 is characterized in that the adjustment block (191) also includes a rotating shaft (193) connected to the cushion block (192), and the rotating shaft (193) is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket (190), and the rotating shaft (193) is configured to adjust the position of the abutting surface (194) so that one of the abutting surfaces (194) abuts against the sensing valve (171).

The heavy-load train test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is characterized in that the mounting holes of the acceleration relief air cylinder (140), the pressure reduction air cylinder (145), the auxiliary air cylinder (150), the brake cylinder (160) and the control valve (120) are respectively set as oblong holes (195) to meet the requirement of convenient replacement of sealing rings.

The heavy-load train test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 17 is characterized in that the acceleration relief air cylinder (140), the pressure reduction air cylinder (145) and the auxiliary air cylinder (150) are respectively provided with a drain valve (141).