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WO2024216354A1 - Metallurgical furnace - Google Patents

Metallurgical furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024216354A1
WO2024216354A1 PCT/BR2024/050153 BR2024050153W WO2024216354A1 WO 2024216354 A1 WO2024216354 A1 WO 2024216354A1 BR 2024050153 W BR2024050153 W BR 2024050153W WO 2024216354 A1 WO2024216354 A1 WO 2024216354A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metallurgical furnace
charge
upper tank
metallurgical
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/BR2024/050153
Other languages
French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Stephen Michael POTTER
Ronald Lopes DE OLIVEIRA
Guilherme Francisco GONÇALVES
Anderson Azevedo AGRA
Manoel Vítor Borel GONÇALVES
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tecnored Desenvolvimento Tecnologico SA
Original Assignee
Tecnored Desenvolvimento Tecnologico SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BR102023007551-7A external-priority patent/BR102023007551B1/en
Application filed by Tecnored Desenvolvimento Tecnologico SA filed Critical Tecnored Desenvolvimento Tecnologico SA
Priority to AU2024258449A priority Critical patent/AU2024258449A1/en
Priority to CN202480003447.6A priority patent/CN119585447A/en
Publication of WO2024216354A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024216354A1/en
Priority to MX2025012484A priority patent/MX2025012484A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B11/00Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B11/00Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
    • C21B11/02Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in low shaft furnaces or shaft furnaces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/02Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/02Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces with two or more shafts or chambers, e.g. multi-storey

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to metallurgical processes and equipment. More particularly, the present invention relates to a metallurgical furnace for producing pig iron.
  • Mining is an important activity for the country's economic development, accounting for around 20% of Brazilian exports in 2022.
  • the mineral sector contributes to revenue generation, job creation and improvements in the state's infrastructure.
  • mining also generates environmental and social impacts, therefore, it must be carried out in a responsible and sustainable manner.
  • Document BR 10 2013 033702 1 A2 owned by the same Applicant, describes the insertion of burners in a self-reducing furnace that allows greater versatility in the use of pulverized solid carbon fuels, liquid fuels and gaseous fuels. Despite their versatility, these fuels are considered auxiliary and there is a limitation on their use.
  • Patent BR 11 2017 012467 0 Bl owned by the same Applicant, describes a self-reducing metallurgical furnace that operates with a central preferential hot air flow due to the presence of a hood (Curtain Wall) located in the upper tank that extends longitudinally through the furnace, which allows the use of ferrous materials of lower quality than ore, such as scrap, due to adequate control of the gas flow to enable the homogeneous reduction of the ferrous load.
  • the tanks are sealed in such a way that the passage of air through the sides of the equipment is impossible, which makes it difficult for hot air to counterflow into the load and, consequently, its preheating in the upper tank.
  • the present invention has as a first objective to provide a metallurgical furnace for the production of pig iron from raw materials varied, such as self-reducing briquettes produced from iron oxide sources, such as ores and steelmaking co-products, as well as scrap, scrap briquettes and HBI (Hot Briquetted Iron).
  • raw materials varied such as self-reducing briquettes produced from iron oxide sources, such as ores and steelmaking co-products, as well as scrap, scrap briquettes and HBI (Hot Briquetted Iron).
  • the present invention has as a second objective to provide a metallurgical furnace for the production of pig iron that is capable of operating with different types of fuels, which may be anthracite, fuel briquette, mineral coal, charcoal, metallurgical coke, green petroleum coke, as well as additional fuels, such as synthesis gas and H2 .
  • fuels which may be anthracite, fuel briquette, mineral coal, charcoal, metallurgical coke, green petroleum coke, as well as additional fuels, such as synthesis gas and H2 .
  • the present invention has as a third objective to provide a flexible metallurgical furnace for the production of pig iron that is capable of contributing to the mitigation of environmental impacts and to increasing the energy efficiency of the metallurgical production process.
  • the present invention provides a metallurgical furnace comprising (i) at least one upper tank; (ii) at least one lower tank; (iii) at least one fuel inlet positioned between the at least one upper tank and the at least one lower tank; (iv) at least one charge inlet positioned in the at least one upper tank; (v) at least one physical means for internal separation of the upper tank that extends longitudinally from the top thereof downwards, the physical means being adapted to divide the upper tank into a central portion and a peripheral portion; and (vi) at least one gas outlet positioned in the upper part of the peripheral portion of the at least one upper tank.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the metallurgical furnace according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a breakdown of the pre- heating the charge in the metallurgical furnace according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the metallurgical furnace according to the present invention where a plurality of gas outlets and charge inlets are provided.
  • the present invention provides a metallurgical furnace equipped with innovations that allow adequate control of the gas flow, enabling the operation to be carried out in a versatile manner and with a wide range of raw materials and fuels.
  • the metallurgical furnace of the present invention comprises at least one upper tank 1 where the load (raw material) is inserted into the reactor.
  • the cross-section of the tank 1 is circular or rectangular.
  • the present invention is not limited to any specific shape of the furnace.
  • the metallurgical furnace of the present invention further comprises at least one lower tank 2, preferably circular or rectangular in cross-section.
  • the diameter or width of the cross-section of tank 2 is preferably larger than that of tank 1.
  • the present invention further comprises at least one fuel inlet 10 positioned between the at least one upper tank 1 and the at least one lower tank 2.
  • Fuel supply ducts can be coupled to ensure the fuel load to the furnace bed, avoiding occurrences of load carryover when fine materials are used.
  • the upper bowl 1 comprises a set
  • the upper tuyeres 8 and the lower tank 2 comprise a set of lower tuyeres 9, which serve to blow hot or cold air into the interior of the metallurgical furnace.
  • the blown air may, if necessary, be enriched with O2.
  • Solid powdered, liquid or gaseous fuels may also be injected through the tuyeres for partial combustion of the fuel, producing gas and providing thermal energy necessary for the reduction and/or melting of the charge. If hot air is blown into the tuyeres, it is also possible to use blower sets 11, as illustrated in figure 1, which may be connected to an air heating system (not shown) known from the prior art.
  • the metallurgical furnace of the present invention further comprises at least one charge inlet 3, preferably positioned in the upper lateral part of the upper tank 1.
  • the metallurgical furnace of the present invention comprises a physical means 5 for internal separation of the upper tank 1, which extends longitudinally from the top thereof downwards, the physical means 5 being adapted to divide the upper tank 1 into a central portion 6 and a peripheral portion 7.
  • the physical means 5 is a curtain wall hood that extends longitudinally from the top of the upper tank 1 to half of its length, as shown in figures 1 and 2.
  • the physical medium 5 is adapted to receive, from the top, permeabilizing fuel so as to form at least one column of permeabilizing fuel located in the central portion 6.
  • the metallurgical furnace of the present invention further comprises at least one gas outlet 4 positioned at the upper part of the peripheral portion 7 of the upper bowl 1.
  • the metallurgical furnace of the present invention comprises a plurality of gas outlets 4 and a plurality of charge inlets 3.
  • each gas outlet 4 there is provided adjacently a charging inlet 3.
  • the metallurgical furnace of the present invention has a set of at least thirty-six charge inlets 3 and gas outlets 4.
  • gas outlets 4 in the metallurgical furnace of the present invention considerably increases its efficiency. This occurs because the gas outlets 4 allow the upward flow of hot air from the lower tank 2 to also pass through the peripheral region, generating a preheating region for the load there. These gas outlets contribute to the formation of new convective currents within the furnace, increasing the efficiency of heat exchange and expanding operational control. This allows the furnace to be operated with a wide range of raw materials and fuels.
  • the metallurgical furnace of the present invention therefore, uses the heat generated within it more efficiently, which reduces the energy demand of the production process.
  • the metallurgical furnace of the present invention can be operated by any of the permeabilizing fuels of the group consisting of: anthracite, fuel briquette, mineral coal, charcoal, metallurgical coke, green petroleum coke, synthesis gas, H 2 .
  • the metallurgical furnace of the present invention can be operated with any load consisting of self-reducing briquettes produced from iron oxide sources, such as ores and steelmaking co-products, as well as scrap, scrap briquettes and HBI Hot Briquetted Iron).
  • the metallurgical furnace of the present invention presents flexibility in controlling pressure, temperature and gas mixture in different regions of the furnace, allowing the same equipment to operate with different qualities of ferrous loads and fuels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to metallurgical processes and equipment and, more particularly, to a metallurgical furnace capable of operating with a wide range of raw materials and fuels. To this end, the metallurgical furnace of the present invention comprises (i) at least one upper shell (1); (ii) at least one lower shell (2); (iii) at least one fuel inlet (10) positioned between the at least one upper shell (1) and the at least one lower shell (2); (iv) at least one charge inlet (3) positioned on the at least one upper shell (1); (v) at least one physical means (5) of internal separation of the upper shell (1) that extends longitudinally from the top thereof downward, the physical means (5) being suitable for dividing the upper shell (1) into a central portion (6) and a peripheral portion (7); and (vi) at least one gas outlet (4) positioned on the upper part of the peripheral portion (7) of the at least one upper shell (1). The gas outlets (4) are responsible for generating a charge pre-heating region (7) that increases the operational flexibility of the furnace.

Description

FORNO METALÚRGICO METALLURGICAL FURNACE

CAMPO DA INVENÇÃO FIELD OF INVENTION

[001] A presente invenção está relacionada a processos e equipamentos metalúrgicos. Mais particularmente, a presente invenção está relacionada a um forno metalúrgico para produção de ferro-gusa. [001] The present invention relates to metallurgical processes and equipment. More particularly, the present invention relates to a metallurgical furnace for producing pig iron.

FUNDAMENTOS DA INVENÇÃO FUNDAMENTALS OF THE INVENTION

[002] A mineração é uma atividade importante para o desenvolvimento econômico do país, sendo responsável por cerca de 20% das exportações brasileiras no ano de 2022. O setor mineral contribui com a geração de receitas, para geração de empregos e melhoria da infraestrutura do estado. Contudo, é importante destacar que a mineração também gera impactos ambientais e sociais, portanto, deve ser realizada de forma responsável e sustentável. [002] Mining is an important activity for the country's economic development, accounting for around 20% of Brazilian exports in 2022. The mineral sector contributes to revenue generation, job creation and improvements in the state's infrastructure. However, it is important to highlight that mining also generates environmental and social impacts, therefore, it must be carried out in a responsible and sustainable manner.

[003] No sentido de se buscar soluções que utilizem cada vez menos matéria-prima mineral, uma das tendências do mercado de produção de aço se fundamenta na utilização dos co-produtos gerados ao longo da cadeia produtiva siderúrgica. A rota tradicional de produção do aço utiliza o alto-forno (AF) como reator de redução para obtenção do ferro o qual é destinado a aciaria para produção de aço em conversores a oxigênio (BOF - Basic Oxygen Furnace . Pela rota AF - BOF, em média 500 kg de resíduos são gerados para cada tonelada de aço líquido produzido. Além disso, cada tonelada de aço líquido obtido a partir de fomos elétricos a arco, que utilizam a sucata como carga majoritária, geram cerca de 185 kg de resíduos. [003] In order to seek solutions that use less and less mineral raw material, one of the trends in the steel production market is based on the use of co-products generated throughout the steel production chain. The traditional steel production route uses the blast furnace (BF) as a reduction reactor to obtain iron, which is sent to the steel mill for steel production in oxygen converters (BOF - Basic Oxygen Furnace). Using the BF - BOF route, on average 500 kg of waste is generated for each ton of liquid steel produced. In addition, each ton of liquid steel obtained from electric arc furnaces, which use scrap as the majority of the load, generates approximately 185 kg of waste.

[004] Estima-se que a reciclagem de sucata ferrosa no Brasil seja de dezenas de milhões de toneladas por ano. Se todo esse material fosse destinado aos aterros sanitários, certamente haveria um sério problema ambiental. A reciclagem e o reaproveitamento deste co-produto ajudam a reduzir a quantidade de resíduos lançados no ambiente, evitando a poluição do solo e da água, além de economizar recursos naturais e energia. [005] Atualmente não existem no mercado fomos metalúrgicos que sejam capazes de operar com uma ampla gama de matérias-primas e combustíveis. De maneira geral, se fazem necessárias novas configurações estrutural e operacional para adequar o processo de redução das fontes ferrosas aos combustíveis utilizados. Sendo assim, é de extrema importância desenvolver tecnologias flexíveis, que visem o reaproveitamento e a reutilização dos materiais, objetivando mitigar os impactos ambientais sem impactar a produtividade do processo e a qualidade dos produtos gerados. [004] It is estimated that the recycling of ferrous scrap in Brazil amounts to tens of millions of tons per year. If all this material were sent to landfills, there would certainly be a serious environmental problem. Recycling and reusing this by-product helps to reduce the amount of waste released into the environment, preventing soil and water pollution, in addition to saving natural resources and energy. [005] There are currently no metallurgical furnaces on the market that are capable of operating with a wide range of raw materials and fuels. In general, new structural and operational configurations are needed to adapt the process of reducing ferrous sources to the fuels used. Therefore, it is extremely important to develop flexible technologies that aim at the reuse and reutilization of materials, aiming to mitigate environmental impacts without impacting the productivity of the process and the quality of the products generated.

[006] O documento BR 10 2013 033702 1 A2, de titularidade da mesma Requerente, descreve a inserção de queimadores em um forno autorredutor que possibilita uma maior versatilidade na utilização de combustíveis sólidos carbonosos pulverizados, combustíveis líquidos e combustíveis gasosos. Apesar da versatilidade, esses combustíveis são considerados auxiliares e há uma limitação na utilização deles. [006] Document BR 10 2013 033702 1 A2, owned by the same Applicant, describes the insertion of burners in a self-reducing furnace that allows greater versatility in the use of pulverized solid carbon fuels, liquid fuels and gaseous fuels. Despite their versatility, these fuels are considered auxiliary and there is a limitation on their use.

[007] A patente BR 11 2017 012467 0 Bl, de titularidade da mesma Requerente, descreve um forno metalúrgico autorredutor que opera com um fluxo de ar quente preferencial central devido a presença de uma coifa {Curtain Wall) localizada na cuba superior que se estende longitudinalmente pelo forno, que possibilita a utilização de materiais ferrosos de qualidade inferior ao minério, como a sucata, em função de um controle adequado do fluxo gasoso para possibilitar a redução homogênea da carga ferrosa. Entretanto, as cubas são vedadas de forma que a passagem de ar pelas laterais do equipamento seja impossibilitada, o que dificulta a contracorrente de ar quente na carga e, consequentemente, o seu pré-aquecimento na cuba superior. [007] Patent BR 11 2017 012467 0 Bl, owned by the same Applicant, describes a self-reducing metallurgical furnace that operates with a central preferential hot air flow due to the presence of a hood (Curtain Wall) located in the upper tank that extends longitudinally through the furnace, which allows the use of ferrous materials of lower quality than ore, such as scrap, due to adequate control of the gas flow to enable the homogeneous reduction of the ferrous load. However, the tanks are sealed in such a way that the passage of air through the sides of the equipment is impossible, which makes it difficult for hot air to counterflow into the load and, consequently, its preheating in the upper tank.

[008] A invenção ora proposta soluciona os problemas do estado da técnica acima descritos de forma simples e eficiente. [008] The invention proposed here solves the problems of the prior art described above in a simple and efficient manner.

SUMÁRIO DA INVENÇÃO SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[009] A presente invenção tem como um primeiro objetivo prover um forno metalúrgico para produção de ferro-gusa a partir de matérias-primas variadas, tais como briquetes autorredutores produzidos a partir de fontes de óxidos de ferro, como minérios e co-produtos siderúrgicos, além de sucatas, briquetes de sucata e HBI (Hot Briquetted Iron). [009] The present invention has as a first objective to provide a metallurgical furnace for the production of pig iron from raw materials varied, such as self-reducing briquettes produced from iron oxide sources, such as ores and steelmaking co-products, as well as scrap, scrap briquettes and HBI (Hot Briquetted Iron).

[0010] A presente invenção tem como um segundo objetivo prover um forno metalúrgico para produção de ferro-gusa que seja capaz de operar com diversos tipos de combustíveis, podendo ser antracito, briquete de combustível, carvão mineral, carvão vegetal, coque metalúrgico, coque verde de petróleo, além de combustíveis adicionais, como gás de síntese e H2. [0010] The present invention has as a second objective to provide a metallurgical furnace for the production of pig iron that is capable of operating with different types of fuels, which may be anthracite, fuel briquette, mineral coal, charcoal, metallurgical coke, green petroleum coke, as well as additional fuels, such as synthesis gas and H2 .

[0011] A presente invenção tem como um terceiro objetivo prover um forno metalúrgico flexível para produção de ferro-gusa que seja capaz de contribuir para a mitigação dos impactos ambientais e para o aumento da eficiência energética do processo de produção metalúrgica. [0011] The present invention has as a third objective to provide a flexible metallurgical furnace for the production of pig iron that is capable of contributing to the mitigation of environmental impacts and to increasing the energy efficiency of the metallurgical production process.

[0012] De forma a alcançar os objetivos acima descritos, a presente invenção provê um forno metalúrgico compreendendo (i) pelo menos uma cuba superior; (ii) pelo menos uma cuba inferior; (iii) pelo menos uma entrada de combustível posicionada entre a pelo menos uma cuba superior e a pelo menos uma cuba inferior; (iv) pelo menos uma entrada de carga posicionada na pelo menos uma cuba superior; (v) pelo menos um meio físico de separação interna da cuba superior que se estende longitudinalmente a partir do topo da mesma para baixo, o meio físico sendo adaptado para dividir a cuba superior em uma porção central e uma porção periférica; e (vi) pelo menos uma saída de gases posicionadas na parte superior da porção periférica da pelo menos uma cuba superior. [0012] In order to achieve the objectives described above, the present invention provides a metallurgical furnace comprising (i) at least one upper tank; (ii) at least one lower tank; (iii) at least one fuel inlet positioned between the at least one upper tank and the at least one lower tank; (iv) at least one charge inlet positioned in the at least one upper tank; (v) at least one physical means for internal separation of the upper tank that extends longitudinally from the top thereof downwards, the physical means being adapted to divide the upper tank into a central portion and a peripheral portion; and (vi) at least one gas outlet positioned in the upper part of the peripheral portion of the at least one upper tank.

BREVE DESCRIÇÃO DAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0013] A descrição detalhada apresentada a seguir faz referência às figuras anexas e seus respectivos números de referência. [0013] The detailed description presented below makes reference to the attached figures and their respective reference numbers.

[0014] A figura 1 mostra uma concretização preferencial do forno metalúrgico de acordo com a presente invenção. [0014] Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the metallurgical furnace according to the present invention.

[0015] A figura 2 mostra um detalhamento da região de pré- aquecimento da carga no forno metalúrgico de acordo com a concretização preferencial da presente invenção. [0015] Figure 2 shows a breakdown of the pre- heating the charge in the metallurgical furnace according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] A figura 3 mostra uma concretização preferencial do forno metalúrgico de acordo com a presente invenção onde é provida uma pluralidade de saída de gases e entradas de carga. [0016] Figure 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the metallurgical furnace according to the present invention where a plurality of gas outlets and charge inlets are provided.

DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADA DA INVENÇÃO DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] Preliminarmente, ressalta-se que a descrição que se segue partirá de uma concretização preferencial da invenção. Como ficará evidente para qualquer técnico no assunto, no entanto, a invenção não está limitada a essa concretização particular. [0017] Preliminarily, it is emphasized that the description that follows will start from a preferred embodiment of the invention. As will be evident to any person skilled in the art, however, the invention is not limited to this particular embodiment.

[0018] A presente invenção provê um forno metalúrgico dotado de inovações que permitem um controle adequado do fluxo gasoso, possibilitando que a operação seja realizada de maneira versátil e com uma ampla gama de matérias-primas e combustíveis. [0018] The present invention provides a metallurgical furnace equipped with innovations that allow adequate control of the gas flow, enabling the operation to be carried out in a versatile manner and with a wide range of raw materials and fuels.

[0019] O forno metalúrgico da presente invenção, ilustrado nas figuras 1 e 2, compreende pelo menos uma cuba superior 1 onde a carga (matéria- prima) é inserida no reator. Preferencialmente, a seção transversal da cuba 1 é circular ou retangular. Entretanto, ressalta-se que a presente invenção não está limitada a qualquer formato específico do forno. [0019] The metallurgical furnace of the present invention, illustrated in figures 1 and 2, comprises at least one upper tank 1 where the load (raw material) is inserted into the reactor. Preferably, the cross-section of the tank 1 is circular or rectangular. However, it is emphasized that the present invention is not limited to any specific shape of the furnace.

[0020] O forno metalúrgico da presente invenção compreende ainda pelo menos uma cuba inferior 2, de seção transversal preferencialmente circular ou retangular. O diâmetro ou largura da seção transversal da cuba 2 é preferencialmente maior do que o da cuba 1. [0020] The metallurgical furnace of the present invention further comprises at least one lower tank 2, preferably circular or rectangular in cross-section. The diameter or width of the cross-section of tank 2 is preferably larger than that of tank 1.

[0021 ] A presente invenção compreende ainda pelo menos uma entrada de combustível 10 posicionada entre a pelo menos uma cuba superior 1 e a pelo menos uma cuba inferior 2. Dutos de abastecimento de combustível podem ser acoplados para garantir a carga de combustível para a cama do forno evitando ocorrências de arraste de carga quando materiais finos forem utilizados. [0021] The present invention further comprises at least one fuel inlet 10 positioned between the at least one upper tank 1 and the at least one lower tank 2. Fuel supply ducts can be coupled to ensure the fuel load to the furnace bed, avoiding occurrences of load carryover when fine materials are used.

[0022] Preferencialmente, a cuba superior 1 compreende um conjunto de ventaneiras superior 8 e a cuba inferior 2 compreende um conjunto de ventaneiras inferior 9, que servem para insuflar ar quente ou frio no interior do forno metalúrgico. O ar insuflado pode, eventualmente, ser enriquecido com O2. Pode-se injetar ainda pelas ventaneiras combustíveis sólidos em pó, líquidos ou gasosos, para queima parcial do combustível, produzindo gás e fornecendo energia térmica necessárias à redução e/ou à fusão da carga. Caso seja insuflado ar quente nas ventaneiras, pode-se ainda utilizar conjuntos de insuflação 11, conforme ilustrado na figura 1, que podem ser conectados a um sistema de aquecimento de ar (não mostrado) conhecido do estado da técnica. [0023] O forno metalúrgico da presente invenção compreende ainda pelo menos uma entrada de carga 3, posicionada preferencialmete na parte superior lateral da cuba superior 1. [0022] Preferably, the upper bowl 1 comprises a set The upper tuyeres 8 and the lower tank 2 comprise a set of lower tuyeres 9, which serve to blow hot or cold air into the interior of the metallurgical furnace. The blown air may, if necessary, be enriched with O2. Solid powdered, liquid or gaseous fuels may also be injected through the tuyeres for partial combustion of the fuel, producing gas and providing thermal energy necessary for the reduction and/or melting of the charge. If hot air is blown into the tuyeres, it is also possible to use blower sets 11, as illustrated in figure 1, which may be connected to an air heating system (not shown) known from the prior art. [0023] The metallurgical furnace of the present invention further comprises at least one charge inlet 3, preferably positioned in the upper lateral part of the upper tank 1.

[0024] Adicionalmente, o forno metalúrgico da presente invenção compreende um meio físico 5 de separação interna da cuba superior 1, que se estende longitudinalmente a partir do topo da mesma para baixo, o meio físico 5 sendo adaptado para dividir a cuba superior 1 em uma porção central 6 e uma porção periférica 7. Preferencialmente, o meio físico 5 é uma coifa Curtain Wall) que se estende longitudinalmente do topo da cuba superior 1 até metade do comprimento da mesma, conforme mostrado nas figuras 1 e 2. [0024] Additionally, the metallurgical furnace of the present invention comprises a physical means 5 for internal separation of the upper tank 1, which extends longitudinally from the top thereof downwards, the physical means 5 being adapted to divide the upper tank 1 into a central portion 6 and a peripheral portion 7. Preferably, the physical means 5 is a curtain wall hood that extends longitudinally from the top of the upper tank 1 to half of its length, as shown in figures 1 and 2.

[0025] Preferencialmente, o meio físico 5 é adaptado para receber, a partir do topo, combustível permeabilizador de modo a formar pelo menos uma coluna de combustível permeabilizador localizada na porção central 6. [0025] Preferably, the physical medium 5 is adapted to receive, from the top, permeabilizing fuel so as to form at least one column of permeabilizing fuel located in the central portion 6.

[0026] O forno metalúrgico da presente invenção compreende ainda pelo menos uma saída de gás 4 posicionada na parte superior da porção periférica 7 da cuba superior 1. Preferencialmente, o forno metalúrgico da presente invenção compreende uma pluralidade de saída de gás 4 e uma pluralidade de entradas de carga 3. [0026] The metallurgical furnace of the present invention further comprises at least one gas outlet 4 positioned at the upper part of the peripheral portion 7 of the upper bowl 1. Preferably, the metallurgical furnace of the present invention comprises a plurality of gas outlets 4 and a plurality of charge inlets 3.

[0027] Preferencialmente, para cada saída de gás 4 é provida, adjacentemente, uma entrada de carga 3. Nesta concretização preferencial ilustrada na figura 3, o forno metalúrgico da presente invenção possui um conjunto de pelo menos trinta e seis entradas de cargas 3 e saídas de gás 4. [0027] Preferably, for each gas outlet 4 there is provided adjacently a charging inlet 3. In this preferred embodiment illustrated in figure 3, the metallurgical furnace of the present invention has a set of at least thirty-six charge inlets 3 and gas outlets 4.

[0028] A utilização de saídas de gás 4 no forno metalúrgico da presente invenção aumenta consideravelmente a eficiência do mesmo. Isto ocorre porque as saídas de gás 4 possibilitam que o fluxo ascendente de ar quente proveniente da cuba inferior 2 atravesse também a região periférica, gerando ali uma região de pré-aquecimento da carga. Essas saídas de gases contribuem para que sejam formadas novas correntes convectivas dentro do forno, aumentando a eficiência das trocas térmicas e ampliando o controle operacional. Isso permite que a operação do forno possa ser realizada com uma ampla gama de matérias-primas e combustíveis. O forno metalúrgico da presente invenção, portanto, aproveita o calor gerado no interior do mesmo de maneira mais eficiente, o que diminui a demanda energética do processo de produção. [0028] The use of gas outlets 4 in the metallurgical furnace of the present invention considerably increases its efficiency. This occurs because the gas outlets 4 allow the upward flow of hot air from the lower tank 2 to also pass through the peripheral region, generating a preheating region for the load there. These gas outlets contribute to the formation of new convective currents within the furnace, increasing the efficiency of heat exchange and expanding operational control. This allows the furnace to be operated with a wide range of raw materials and fuels. The metallurgical furnace of the present invention, therefore, uses the heat generated within it more efficiently, which reduces the energy demand of the production process.

[0029] O forno metalúrgico da presente invenção pode ser operado por qualquer um dos combustíveis permeabilizadores do grupo que consiste em: antracito, briquete de combustível, carvão mineral, carvão vegetal, coque metalúrgico, coque verde de petróleo, gás de síntese, H2. [0029] The metallurgical furnace of the present invention can be operated by any of the permeabilizing fuels of the group consisting of: anthracite, fuel briquette, mineral coal, charcoal, metallurgical coke, green petroleum coke, synthesis gas, H 2 .

[0030] O forno metalúrgico da presente invenção pode ser operado com qualquer carga que consista em briquetes autorredutores produzidos a partir de fontes de óxidos de ferro, como minérios e co-produtos siderúrgicos, além de sucatas, briquetes de sucatas e HBI Hot Briquetted Iron). [0030] The metallurgical furnace of the present invention can be operated with any load consisting of self-reducing briquettes produced from iron oxide sources, such as ores and steelmaking co-products, as well as scrap, scrap briquettes and HBI Hot Briquetted Iron).

[0031] O forno metalúrgico da presente invenção apresenta flexibilidade no controle de pressão, temperatura e na mistura de gases em diferentes regiões do forno, possibilitando que o mesmo equipamento possa operar com variadas qualidades de cargas ferrosas e combustíveis. [0031] The metallurgical furnace of the present invention presents flexibility in controlling pressure, temperature and gas mixture in different regions of the furnace, allowing the same equipment to operate with different qualities of ferrous loads and fuels.

[0032] Inúmeras variações incidindo no escopo de proteção do presente pedido são permitidas. Dessa forma, reforça-se o fato de que a presente invenção não está limitada às configurações/concretizações particulares acima descritas. [0032] Numerous variations affecting the scope of protection of the present application are permitted. In this way, it is reinforced that the present invention is not limited to the particular configurations/embodiments described above.

Claims

REIVINDICAÇÕES 1. Fomo metalúrgico compreendendo: pelo menos uma cuba superior (1); pelo menos uma cuba inferior (2); pelo menos uma entrada de combustível (10) posicionada entre a pelo menos uma cuba superior (1) e a pelo menos uma cuba inferior (2); pelo menos uma entrada de carga (3) posicionada na pelo menos uma cuba superior (1); e pelo menos um meio físico (5) de separação interna da cuba superior (1) que se estende longitudinalmente a partir do topo da mesma para baixo, o meio físico (5) sendo adaptado para dividir a cuba superior (1) em uma porção central (6) e uma porção periférica (7), caracterizado pelo fato de que compreende adicionalmente: pelo menos uma saída de gases (4) posicionada na parte superior da porção periférica (7) da pelo menos uma cuba superior (1) para gerar uma região de pré-aquecimento da carga; em que para cada saída de gases (4) da pelo menos uma saída de gases (4) é provida, adjacentemente, uma entrada de carga (3) da pelo menos uma entrada de carga (3), fazendo com que a carga inserida entre em contato com a região de pré-aquecimento da carga. 1. Metallurgical furnace comprising: at least one upper tank (1); at least one lower tank (2); at least one fuel inlet (10) positioned between the at least one upper tank (1) and the at least one lower tank (2); at least one charge inlet (3) positioned in the at least one upper tank (1); and at least one physical means (5) for internal separation of the upper tank (1) extending longitudinally from the top thereof downwards, the physical means (5) being adapted to divide the upper tank (1) into a central portion (6) and a peripheral portion (7), characterized in that it additionally comprises: at least one gas outlet (4) positioned in the upper part of the peripheral portion (7) of the at least one upper tank (1) for generating a charge preheating region; wherein for each gas outlet (4) of the at least one gas outlet (4) there is provided adjacently a charge inlet (3) of the at least one charge inlet (3), causing the inserted charge to come into contact with the charge preheating region. 2. Fomo metalúrgico, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que o meio físico (5) é adaptado para receber, a partir de cima, combustível permeabilizador na porção central (6) de modo a formar pelo menos uma coluna de combustível permeabilizador. 2. Metallurgical furnace, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the physical means (5) is adapted to receive, from above, permeabilizing fuel in the central portion (6) so as to form at least one column of permeabilizing fuel. 3. Fomo metalúrgico, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 2, caracterizado pelo fato de que o combustível permeabilizador é pelo menos um do gmpo consistindo em antracito, briquete de combustível, carvão mineral, carvão vegetal, coque metalúrgico, coque verde de petróleo, e combustíveis adicionais como gás de síntese e H2. 3. Metallurgical furnace, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the permeabilizing fuel is at least one of the group consisting of anthracite, fuel briquette, mineral coal, charcoal, metallurgical coke, green petroleum coke, and additional fuels such as synthesis gas and H 2 . 4. Fomo metalúrgico, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 3, caracterizado pelo fato de que a carga é pelo menos uma do grupo consistindo em briquetes autorredutores produzidos a partir de fontes de óxidos de ferro, como minérios e co-produtos siderúrgicos, além de sucatas, briquetes de sucatas e HBI Hot Briquetted Iron . 4. Metallurgical furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the charge is at least one of the group consisting of self-reducing briquettes produced from iron oxide sources, such as ores and steelmaking co-products, in addition to scrap, scrap briquettes and HBI Hot Briquetted Iron. 5. Fomo metalúrgico, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 4, caracterizado pelo fato de que o pelo menos um meio físico (5) se estende longitudinalmente do topo da cuba superior (1) até metade do comprimento da mesma. 5. Metallurgical furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one physical medium (5) extends longitudinally from the top of the upper tank (1) to half of its length. 6. Fomo metalúrgico, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 5, caracterizado pelo fato de que a cuba superior (1) compreende um conjunto de ventaneiras superior (8) e a cuba inferior (2) compreende um conjunto de ventaneiras inferior (9). 6. Metallurgical furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the upper bowl (1) comprises a set of upper tuyeres (8) and the lower bowl (2) comprises a set of lower tuyeres (9). 7. Fomo metalúrgico, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 6, caracterizado pelo fato de que conjuntos de insuflação (11) são conectados aos conjuntos de ventaneiras (8, 9) para insuflar ar quente no fomo metalúrgico. 7. Metallurgical furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that blower assemblies (11) are connected to the tuyere assemblies (8, 9) to blow hot air into the metallurgical furnace.
PCT/BR2024/050153 2023-04-20 2024-04-15 Metallurgical furnace Pending WO2024216354A1 (en)

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CN202480003447.6A CN119585447A (en) 2023-04-20 2024-04-15 Metallurgical furnace
MX2025012484A MX2025012484A (en) 2023-04-20 2025-10-17 Metallurgical furnace

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BR102023007551-7A BR102023007551B1 (en) 2023-04-20 METALLURGICAL FURNACE
BR1020230075517 2023-04-20

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3652069A (en) * 1968-10-15 1972-03-28 Conzinc Riotinto Ltd Shaft furnace smelting of oxidic ores, concentrates or calcines
US20030041691A1 (en) * 1997-09-05 2003-03-06 Montague Stephen C. Method and apparatus for controlling temperature uniformity of the burden in a direct reduction shaft furnace
BR102013033702A2 (en) 2013-12-27 2015-11-17 Tecnored Desenvolvimento Tecnologico S A metallurgical furnace
BR112017012467A2 (en) * 2014-12-16 2018-02-27 Tecnored Desenvolvimento Tecnologico S.A. metallurgical furnace.
US11542565B2 (en) * 2017-12-07 2023-01-03 Paul Wurth S.A. Charging system, in particular for a shaft smelt reduction furnace

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3652069A (en) * 1968-10-15 1972-03-28 Conzinc Riotinto Ltd Shaft furnace smelting of oxidic ores, concentrates or calcines
US20030041691A1 (en) * 1997-09-05 2003-03-06 Montague Stephen C. Method and apparatus for controlling temperature uniformity of the burden in a direct reduction shaft furnace
BR102013033702A2 (en) 2013-12-27 2015-11-17 Tecnored Desenvolvimento Tecnologico S A metallurgical furnace
BR112017012467A2 (en) * 2014-12-16 2018-02-27 Tecnored Desenvolvimento Tecnologico S.A. metallurgical furnace.
BR112017012467B1 (en) 2014-12-16 2021-12-14 Tecnored Desenvolvimento Tecnologico S.A. METALLURGICAL FURNACE
US11542565B2 (en) * 2017-12-07 2023-01-03 Paul Wurth S.A. Charging system, in particular for a shaft smelt reduction furnace

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