WO2024263050A1 - Small calibre electric bullet - Google Patents

Abstract

A small calibre electric bullet comprises a housing with rifling projections or a driving band, an electric power source, a switch that is activated when the electric bullet strikes a target, a stunning voltage generator, anchoring electrodes for anchoring the electric bullet on the target, and security electrodes. The switch is in the form of a contact element that is movable in relation to the housing and is situated on the front end of the housing of the electric bullet, between the anchoring electrodes, wherein the switch is galvanically connected to a first power contact of the stunning voltage generator. Situated on the outer surface of the housing of the electric bullet is a contact-shield electrode that is galvanically connected to one terminal of the electric power source, the other terminal of the electric power source being galvanically connected to a second power contact of the generator. The technical result is that of fulfilling the intended purpose of the invention.

Description

Small caliber electric bullet

Field of technology to which the invention relates

The invention relates to a wireless remote electric shock weapon (RESHW) of non-lethal action with an electric means of destruction, specifically small-caliber electric bullets (electric bullets) for limiting aggressive actions of offenders (biological target, biotarget, target), use in special force operations, in the zones of which there may be a civilian population and for self-defense of citizens.

State of the art

As an analogue of the electric bullet according to the proposed invention, a small-caliber electric bullet according to the patent [1] is adopted. The electric bullet has a housing, a power source, a switch, a converter of direct voltage of the power source into alternating or pulsed voltage, electrodes in the form of needles, inside the housing there is a battery assembled mainly from thin-film microgalvanic elements, accumulators or supercapacitors with individual elements made mainly in the form of a disk with an opening along the axis of the disk or a battery in the form of a plurality of cylinders with individual galvanic elements inside placed radially around the axis of the housing, inside the housing along the axis of the body there is an axial conductive needle with an electrically insulating coating along the length of the needle and a front end without a coating and an inertial or pyrotechnic device for extending the needle beyond the body of the housing when throwing the electric bullet or after the electric bullet hits the target (biological target, biotarget, offender). The electric bullet has an inertial-rotary switch.

Electric bullets are in high demand in security services around the world, as they represent a new level of innovation, allowing to abandon the existing wired technologies of electric defeat of targets with an increase in the range of action and achievement of multiple charges of the ESD.

The prototype of the claimed invention is the patent [2]. The patent describes an electric bullet containing a housing with ready-made rifling protrusions or a leading belt, a power source, a generator of electric current that hits the target, electrodes-devices for fixing the electric bullet to the target (output electrodes), protective electrodes, a switch that is triggered when the electric bullet hits the target, located in the rear end of the electric bullet housing and representing a contact in the form of a pressure metal membrane made of elastic metal or plastic metal with an adhesive layer that contacts the electric bullet with the pressure of the propelling gases when fired.

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) protruding from the recess of the rear end of the housing by an electrode which is one pole of the power source. The electrical conductor extending from the membrane and galvanically connected to it is also connected to one contact of the generator power supply, and the second contact of the generator power supply is connected to the other pole of the power source. The protective electrodes of the electric bullet made of adhesive metal foil or metallization are located on the surface of its housing and are two conductive tracks or strips of a longitudinal or ring shape or longitudinal or ring comb shapes on the outer surface of the electric bullet. The protective electrodes are galvanically connected to the output electrodes (needles with barbs) of the generator of voltage striking the target. The main disadvantage of the electric bullet is the large structural length relative to the entire body of the electric bullet of the switch device.

The total length of the electric bullet body without the output electrodes is 31 mm, the length of the electrodes is 9 mm, the total length of the electric bullet is 40 mm. The length of the structural part of the push-button switch at the rear end of the electric bullet is 4.4 mm, which is 14.2% of the total length of the body (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 of the patent [2]). In the version of the electric bullet with a centrifugal switch in the form of an insulator load (see Fig. 7 of the patent [2]). The total length of the electric bullet body without the output electrodes is 31 mm, the length of the electrodes is 9 mm, the total length of the electric bullet is 40 mm. The length of the structural part of the centrifugal switch at the rear end of the electric bullet is 4.5 mm, which is 14.5% of the total length of the body. In this case, the patent [2] provides not schematic, but real (for manufacturing) dimensions of the structures in 3D graphics.

The disadvantage of the prototype electric bullet also lies in the complex design of the protective electrodes, which are distinguished by the low-tech execution (and, accordingly, cost) of the shaped protective and non-interconnected electrodes on the body of the electric bullet and the low-tech nature of their reliable galvanic connection with the generator output electrodes made of stainless steel due to the heterogeneity of the materials being connected (copper protective electrodes made of copper or aluminum foil or spraying and stainless steel are very poorly soldered or welded together). The prototype electric bullet is a medium-caliber electric bullet (see the classification of caliber in the "Implementation of the invention"). The prototype electric bullet of 14.7 mm caliber ([2] Fig. 9 upper image) was manufactured and tested by firing for physiological effectiveness in immobilizing a biological target (a person) from the DEShO (weapon) given in the patent [2]. An 11.4mm (exactly 11.43mm) caliber electric bullet prototype ([2] Fig. 9 bottom image) was produced but not shown

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) reliable immobilization of the target due to the insufficiency of the output power of the power source, which can still be placed in the prototype bullet with the design of switches according to the patent [2] with a total length of no more than 40 mm, with permanently extended electrodes. The prototype electric bullet of 11.43 mm caliber with extendable electrodes could not be realized due to the greater insufficiency of the output power of the power source due to the occupation of part of the useful volume by the device for extending the electrodes from the housing.

Disclosure of invention

The technical problem is the need to create a small-caliber electric bullet with dimensions and weight suitable for placement in the drums of ubiquitous revolvers and multi-shot magazine pistols with the ability to achieve effective immobilization of a biological target with a body weight of at least 70-80 kg, a simplified and technologically advanced device for protective electrodes.

The technical result consists in implementing a small-caliber electric bullet with a solution to the said technical problems. The said technical results are achieved in that the small-caliber electric bullet contains a housing with rifling protrusions or a leading belt, a source of electric energy, a switch that is triggered when the electric bullet hits the target, a generator of electric current voltage damaging the target, electrodes-devices for fixing the electric bullet to the target, and protective electrodes, wherein the said switch that is triggered when the electric bullet hits the target is made in the form of a contact element movable relative to the housing, located on the front end of the electric bullet housing between the electrodes-devices for fixing the electric bullet to the target, wherein the said contact element is galvanically connected to the first contact of the power supply of the generator of electric current voltage damaging the target, and on the outer surface of the electric bullet housing there is a contact-protective electrode galvanically connected to one pole of the electric power source, and the other pole of the electric power source is galvanically connected to the second contact of the power supply of the generator.

An additional feature is that the contact-protective electrode located on the outer surface of the electric bullet body is also a protective electrode.

An additional feature is that the contact-protective electrode, located on the outer surface of the electric bullet body, is made as a coating of metal foil or metallization of the bullet body.

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) An additional feature is that part of the contact-protective electrode located on the outer surface of the electric bullet body and the movable contact element adjacent to it with a gap are covered with an electrically insulating film.

An additional feature is that the surface of the movable contact element that is not in contact with the contact-protective electrode is covered with an electrically insulating coating.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1. External views and section of the electric bullet.

Fig. 2. View of an electric bullet when it hits a target.

Fig. 3. Electric bullet with protective coating.

Fig. 4. Electric bullet with increased metallization.

Fig. 5. Electric bullets in small series.

Fig. 6. DESH on electric bullets.

Implementation of the invention

Since nowhere, neither in foreign nor especially domestic sources, was there a classification of DEShO for the use (throwing) of electric bullets by caliber and, accordingly, there was no classification by caliber of the electric bullets themselves, here for the first time the following classification will be given:

1. Large-caliber electric bullet throwing weapons are considered to be weapons with a caliber of 12-gauge hunting (18.3-18.5 mm) and more. Examples of large-caliber electric bullet throwing weapons are, for example, the 12-gauge TASER X12 LLS shotgun [3]), and the 40 mm NATO standard grenade launcher for throwing electric grenades Sticky Shocker [4]). At the same time, electric bullet throwing weapons with a caliber greater than 12-gauge have never been mass-produced or sold, primarily due to the enormous probability of receiving not an electric shock, but a "commotio cordis" [5] in the biological target. The TASER X12 LLS electric bullet was mass-produced in the USA, but at present its increased danger due to "commotio cordis", insufficient immobilizing ability has been proven, and this electric bullet is no longer produced and has been withdrawn from circulation by the police and the US Marine Corps. Large-caliber DEShO can be manufactured either only in the form of shotguns and rifles, or only large-sized single-shot pistols.

2. DESHO for throwing electric bullets of medium caliber is considered to be a weapon with a caliber less than 12-mm hunting and up to the caliber of small-caliber DESHO (i.e. up to 12.7 mm, see below). Electric bullets of caliber more than 12.7 mm are already so large that short-barreled multi-charge weapons for using such bullets either exceed the dimensions and weight

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) convenient to carry, or become low-charge 2-4 (max.) charges, which in terms of the number of charges, as historical practice has shown, is no longer sufficient for use in police purposes and is only limitedly sufficient for self-defense. An example of a medium-caliber DEShO is a DEShO of 14.7 mm caliber according to patent [2] (Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 of the patent).

3. Small-caliber electric bullet throwing ESHO is considered to be a weapon with a caliber of 12.7 mm or less. The classification of small-caliber™ from a caliber of 12.7 mm or less is natural for ESHO because, unlike bullets of firearms having a caliber of even 2.7 mm (Kolibri) or, for example, 3.55 mm (.14-222), electric bullets have a physical limitation on reducing the caliber due to the fact that they are microelectronic products with an output electrical power not lower than that which gives sufficient physiological effectiveness of impact on the biotarget, and the obstacle to reducing the caliber is, first of all, the output power of power sources, the permissible transmitted and dissipated power of electronic components, as well as the physiologically minimal effective distances between the striking electrodes introduced into the body of the biotarget. Small-caliber electric bullets DEShO (and accordingly small-caliber DEShO for throwing such electric bullets) are electric bullets only of such calibers that are used in standard (known, applied, in service with the police or army) samples of multi-charge short-barreled firearms such as pistols and revolvers, i.e. calibers up to 12.7 mm for constant comfortable carrying, as well as police rifles for action on biological targets, which do not exist with a caliber over 12.7 mm. An example of the design of electric bullets for a small-caliber DEShO is an analog electric bullet. The proposed invention describes an electric bullet of 11.43 mm caliber, i.e. small-caliber (as well as the analog device) since the caliber of 11.43 (.45) and 9 mm has many pistols and revolvers widely used, produced and applied today in the world.

Currently, the arms industry of different countries produces models of pneumatic and firearms short-barreled weapons for body wear, which can be used to throw electric bullets by law enforcement officers and citizens for self-defense. However, all these models have a limiting length of the cartridges used, which determines the length of the revolver drums and the size of the pistol magazines. Theoretically, the length of the revolver drum can be longer than the cartridge lengths indicated below in the table, but such revolvers are not ubiquitous and are only curious examples for fans of super-powerful revolvers. Multi-shot pistols with a removable magazine in the handle 5

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) are limited by the length of the cartridge for placement in the magazine with the possibility of still acceptable anatomical features of the structure of the human hand of the convenience of gripping the handle (i.e. its width) and samples of pistols using a cartridge longer than .30 Carbine are generally unknown. At the same time, no more than 300 AutoMag III pistols for this cartridge were produced from 1990 to 2002 and since then have not been produced primarily due to the inconvenience of use (only for people with a very large hand). A cartridge of 50-52 mm in length can be placed in a permanent pistol magazine, but no more. The designs of such combat firearms are unknown, but aerosol pistols with a permanent magazine for a cartridge (aerosol can) BAM 18x51 are known.

From the tables and explanations provided it is clear that the length of the electric bullet should be less than 40 mm, since only this length allows electric bullets to be placed in the drums of ubiquitous revolvers and in the handle-type removable magazines of multi-shot

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) pistols, and then only under the condition of using a cartridge with a thin-walled cartridge case for a weakened (micro-volume) propellant charge or only for the primer-igniter's own charge (for example, side fire that reduces the length of the case), since electric bullets from a short-barreled DEShO are thrown at very low speeds to avoid mechanical (kinetic) injuries to the biological target.

Fig. 1. The length of the electric bullet body is determined by the dimensions of the target-damaging voltage of the electric current, the power supply in the form of long-lasting, mainly disk electric batteries (watch batteries), and the switch. The dimensions of the target-damaging voltage generator of the electric current cannot be reduced below a certain limit, which is limited by the dimensions of the electronic components of the generator's electronic circuit produced by world manufacturers and the availability of these components. In addition, the dimensions of the generator cannot be reduced due to the need for the electronic components used to withstand the powers passed through the generator and given off by a power source of very small dimensions practically in short-circuit mode in order to obtain at the generator's output a damaging electric current with parameters that provide a physiological effect on the biotarget sufficient for immobilization of the biotarget, expressed in the impossibility of active actions of the biotarget (human) with a body weight of 70-80 kg. and more due to the occurrence of severe tonic convulsions and completely disorienting pain sensations. The minimum possible dimensions of the generator are determined by multiple experimental studies and the data obtained. The dimensions of the power source are determined by the maximum supply current delivered to the generator and the voltage on the power source under the condition of a large voltage drop, which cannot be less than the minimum supply voltage of the generator microcircuits. At the same time, due to the single use of electric bullets, the cost of the power source should be as low as possible, i.e. the power source should not be specially made (i.e. high cost), but widely used in everyday life or technology. The dimensions of the power source are determined by multiple studies and the data obtained. The only component of the electric bullet that can be somewhat reduced in size is the switch. The inertial-rotary switch described in the electric bullet analog requires the highest precision in the manufacture of both the switch itself and the body parts of the electric bullet, high tolerances in the dimensions of the power supply elements and the generator of the damaging current, as well as a significant rotation speed (which is difficult to achieve due to the indispensable condition of a deliberately low bullet speed under the conditions of inadmissibility of mechanical injuries to the biological target and

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) impossibility of reducing the rifling pitch in standard firearms for which the electric bullet is intended (analog) for reliable operation of the switch. The switch of the prototype bullet design as stated above increases the length of the bullet by almost 15%.

The electric bullet according to the claimed invention of caliber 11.43 mm (.45) has a non-conductive body 1, a non-conductive head 2, projections of ready-made rifling 3 of the body, a contact-protective electrode 4, a movable contact 5 can move toward the rear end of the body in the grooves of the generatrix of the body 1, a supply flexible conductor 6, output (combat) electrodes 7 of the generator of striking voltage of electric current in the form of needles with barbs, an output current lead 8 of the battery, a generator 9 of striking voltage, power supply batteries 10 from disk (watch) power elements, a space 11 for breaking contacts, a conical spring 12. The movable contact 5 in the form of a U-shaped bracket (made of spring wire, preferably stainless steel, tightly enclosing the body and preventing its movement along the body when handling the electric bullet and weapons loaded with electric bullets (falls, concussions, etc.)) is connected through a flexible conductor 6 to one the generator power supply contact 9 located in the head 2, and the contact-protective electrode 4 located on both sides of the housing 1 through the current lead 8 and the spring 12 is connected to one pole of the battery 10. The second pole of the battery 10 is connected to the second contact of the generator power supply 9. Between the contact-protective electrode 4 and the ends of the contact bracket 5 during storage and until the electric bullet hits the target, there is a gap 11 between the said contacts. The circuit of the battery contacts and the generator power supply contacts is open before the electric bullet is fired and the battery current voltage does not go to the generator 9. The finished rifling of the housing can be replaced by a leading belt, the location of the finished rifling or leading belt on the housing in its front or middle part or rear part is not of significant importance.

Fig. 2. When an electric bullet hits a target after a shot from a weapon, the electrodes 7 of the generator of the damaging voltage of the electric current are completely embedded in the target, contact 5, under the action of the impact with the body of the target, shifts back relative to the housing 1, selects the space 11 of the gap and closes with the contact-protective electrode 4. Flexible conductor 6 is crumpled and placed in the recess 13 of the head 2. In this case, the circuit of the battery contacts and the contacts of the power supply of the generator is closed, the battery current voltage is supplied to the generator, and it is switched on, producing a voltage of electric current damaging the target, supplied to the electrodes 7 and then into the body of the biotarget, which is immobilized. The bracket of contact 5 with two contact places on both sides 8

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) housing 1 makes it possible to duplicate the switching on to increase the reliability of switching on. The described device of the switch, placed not inside the housing, but outside the housing of the electric bullet, i.e. not occupying the internal volume of the housing, allows to increase the total length of the electric bullet of caliber 11.43 mm together with electrodes 7 to 38.0-39.0 mm, with the length of the output electrodes of 9-10 mm. A shorter length of the electrodes is already insufficient for penetrating the target's clothing, epidermis and dermis, and reliable fixation in the target's body. A length of electrodes greater than 10 mm has a strict medical contraindication (due to possible damage to the ventricle of the heart in asthenic people). At the same time, the use of the prototype electric bullet switch would increase the length of the electric bullet housing by almost 15%, which would no longer allow it to be placed in the drums of ubiquitous revolvers and pistol magazines. It should also be taken into account that the generator of the striking voltage in the prototype electric bullet is placed on a round board inscribed in the inner diameter of the case, which allows to reduce (the height of the generator), and in the claimed electric bullet the generator of striking voltage is placed on a rectangular board (since its electronic components are not physically placed on a round board) placed along the case, which further increases the length of the case. At the same time, the overall length of the case of an electric bullet of caliber 11.43 would be at least 40 mm, and the length with needles would be at least 50 mm, which would no longer allow it to be placed in the drums of ubiquitous revolvers and magazine pistols. And the main thing is that the length of an 11.43 mm caliber electric bullet with its length over 40 mm, as shown by experimental data, no longer allows for its reliable stabilization in flight by rotation, since the muzzle velocity of electric bullets for police and civilian short-barreled weapons (i.e. used at distances of no more than 25 m) is extremely low (to prevent kinetic injuries to the biological target) and is only about 25-40 m/s, and at such an ultra-low speed it is impossible to achieve reliable stabilization of bullets by rotation with a ratio of the bullet length to the diameter of 50 mm: 11.43 mm = 4.4 (approaching the well-known ratio of 6 (six), after which stabilization by rotation of even high-speed combat bullets is no longer possible), even with a very small rifling pitch on the verge of braking by friction of the bullet in the barrel with a breakdown from the rifling or destruction of the weapon.

Fig. 3. To prevent oxidation of the outer contact areas during long-term storage of the body and to prevent contamination of the outer contact areas when firing electric bullets from a firearm from combustion products of the propellant charge breaking through the barrel around the body of the bullet when fired, the electric bullet may have an outer lining 14 of the bullet body at the contact areas made primarily of

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) heat-resistant electrical insulating film, for example from Canton (the figure shows a transparent film).

Fig. 4. The claimed electric bullet, unlike the prototype, has only one protective electrode, which is the contact-protective electrode 4. The defeat of the offender, who in some cases (the influence of drugs, alcohol, high pain threshold) can instinctively try to tear out the electric bullet that got into him (to get rid of the source of pain), occurs along the current loop between one of the electrodes 7 and the contact-protective electrode 4. The contact-protective electrode 4 can be made not as shown in Fig. 1 (two tracks on the sides of the body 1 made of adhesive metal foil or metallization of the body), but in the form of a contact-protective electrode 15 in the form of an increased metallization of the body 1, which is fundamentally of little importance except for the most acceptable manufacturing technology, since the fingers of a person trying to tear the electric bullet out of the body, as shown by experimental data, in any case contact the contact-protective electrode 4 in any of the specified designs. As a rule, the DEShO is used on offenders in clothes. When an electric bullet hits the body, there is an insulating layer of clothing between the electrodes 7 and the movable contact 5 and the damaging electric current passes in the body between the electrodes 7, providing standard immobilization. However, when an electric bullet hits, for example, a bare part of the body, the damaging electric current can pass between one of the electrodes 7 and the movable contact 5. In this case, the current loop [6] is reduced by half, which may no longer cause reliable immobilization of the offender. To prevent such a phenomenon, the movable contact 5 may have an insulating coating 16 (together with the place of soldering or welding of the conductor 6) in addition to the contact places 17 directly in contact with the contact-protective electrode 4 or 15.

Fig. 5. Electric bullets in a small series. Experimental data have shown that the claimed electric bullet is suitable for placement in revolver drums and magazines of multi-shot pistols, and in terms of physiological effect is sufficient for immobilization of biotargets expressed in the impossibility of active actions of a person weighing 70-80 kg or more when the claimed electric bullet hits his body or limbs. Experimental data have also shown that a person is not able to independently remove an electric bullet that has entered the body with a bare hand.

Fig. 6. The world's first small-caliber multi-charge DESHO on electric bullets of caliber 11.43 mm. Six-shot pneumatic revolver on electric bullets based on an airsoft copy of the Webley Mk.6 revolver with a drum length of 40 mm, and a five-shot 10

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) A pistol with electric bullets and a permanent magazine in the handle based on an aerosol pistol for BAM 18x51 cartridges.

List of cited sources:

1. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2758476 2. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2788236

3. Ladyagin Yu.O. "Remote electroshock weapon" M.: Publishing house of the Stalingrad fund, 2017, pp. 254-255.

4. Ladyagin Yu.O. "Remote electroshock weapon" M.: Publishing house of the Stalingrad fund, 2017, p. 250. 5. Ladyagin Yu.O. "Remote electroshock weapon" M.: Publishing house of the Stalingrad fund

Stalingrad, 2017, p. 251.

6. Ladyagin Yu.O. "Remote electroshock weapon" M.: Publishing house of the Stalingrad fund, 2017, pp. 354-355.

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

Invention formula 1. A small-caliber electric bullet comprising a housing with rifling protrusions or a driving belt, a source of electric energy, a switch that is triggered when the electric bullet hits a target, a generator of electric current voltage damaging the target, electrodes-devices for securing the electric bullet to the target and protective electrodes, characterized in that the said switch that is triggered when the electric bullet hits a target is made in the form of a contact element movable relative to the housing, located on the front end of the electric bullet housing between the electrodes-devices for securing the electric bullet to the target, wherein the said contact element is galvanically connected to the first contact of the power supply of the generator of electric current voltage damaging the target, and on the outer surface of the electric bullet housing there is a contact-protective electrode galvanically connected to one pole of the electric power source, and the other pole of the electric power source is galvanically connected to the second contact of the power supply of the generator. 2. A small-caliber electric bullet according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the contact-protective electrode located on the outer surface of the electric bullet body is also a protective electrode. 3. A small-caliber electric bullet according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the contact-protective electrode located on the outer surface of the body of the electric bullet is made as a coating of metal foil or metallization of the body of the bullet. 4. A small-caliber electric bullet according to paragraph 1, characterized in that part of the contact-protective electrode located on the outer surface of the electric bullet body and the movable contact element adjacent to it with a gap are covered with an electrically insulating film. 5. A small-caliber electric bullet according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the surface of the movable contact element, which does not contact the contact-protective electrode, is covered with an electrically insulating coating. 12 SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)