WO2024260113A1

WO2024260113A1 - Spiral-groove drill bit with chip breaker groove

Info

Publication number: WO2024260113A1
Application number: PCT/CN2024/090857
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张新奇
Original assignee: Accurate Tool Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Current assignee: Accurate Tool Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-06-21
Filing date: 2024-04-30
Publication date: 2024-12-26
Anticipated expiration: 2025-12-21
Also published as: CN116551037A

Abstract

Provided in the present application is a drill bit with a spiral groove. The drill bit comprises a cutting portion, an optional guide portion and an optional cutter shank, wherein the cutting portion is provided with a cutting blade, the cutting blade is provided with a front cutter face, a rear cutter face and a cutting edge, and the front cutter face forms a first rake angle at each part of the cutting edge; and a chip breaker groove is provided on the front cutter face and extends in the direction of length along the cutting edge, and the chip breaker groove is provided with a groove face close to the cutting edge, such that second rake angles are formed on the groove face of the chip breaker groove close to the cutting edge, and the second rake angles are greater than corresponding first rake angles. In the present application, the shape and size of chips are controlled by means of a unique chip breaker groove extending along the cutting edge, thereby reducing the chip size, improving the chip uniformity and facilitating chip discharging; and second rakes angles greater than corresponding first rake angles are formed by means of the groove face of the chip breaker groove, thereby improving the sharpness of the drill bit, reducing the cutting resistance and improving the machining efficiency.

Description

A spiral flute drill bit with chip breaker groove

Technical Field

本发明涉及钻头技术领域，尤其涉及一种包含断屑槽的钻头。The present invention relates to the technical field of drill bits, and in particular to a drill bit comprising a chip breaker groove.

Background Art

钻头是一种用于在工件实心材料中形成孔或将已有孔扩大的孔加工刀具，由于孔加工刀具是在工件体内工作的，结构尺寸受到限制，导致其容屑排屑、强度与刚度、导向等问题存在缺陷。孔加工刀具中使用最为广泛的是麻花钻，其主切削刃较长，切屑宽，存在卷屑排屑难的缺陷，尤其是深孔加工时，排屑更加困难。为了便于排屑，麻花钻的容屑槽通常做成螺旋形，一般情况下，螺旋槽钻头的螺旋角越小，螺旋线长度短，排屑更好。但螺旋槽钻头的螺旋角不仅直接影响排屑性能，还与钻头切削刃锋利度、切削刃强度以及刀具的整体刚度、强度密切相关。螺旋角越小，虽然便于排屑，但切削刃前角也小，切削阻力增大，刀具切削性能、寿命受到影响。螺旋角越大，则切削刃前角越大，切削阻力降低，但过大的螺旋角不仅排屑困难，且切削刃刃角部分锋利，切削刃强度降低，易发生崩刃和破损，从而极大降低钻头的寿命和加工表面质量。现有技术中的钻头无法满足高端制造业对零部件进行高精度、高效率加工的需求，因此需要一种切屑刃锋利、排屑良好、整体强度高的钻头，以提高钻头的切削性能和使用寿命。A drill is a hole-making tool used to form a hole in the solid material of a workpiece or to enlarge an existing hole. Since the hole-making tool works inside the workpiece, its structural size is limited, resulting in defects in chip capacity, chip removal, strength and rigidity, and guidance. The most widely used hole-making tool is the twist drill, which has a long main cutting edge and wide chips, and has the defect of difficult chip curling and chip removal, especially when deep hole processing, chip removal is more difficult. In order to facilitate chip removal, the chip groove of the twist drill is usually made into a spiral shape. Generally speaking, the smaller the helix angle of the spiral groove drill bit, the shorter the spiral line length, and the better the chip removal. However, the helix angle of the spiral groove drill bit not only directly affects the chip removal performance, but is also closely related to the sharpness of the drill cutting edge, the cutting edge strength, and the overall rigidity and strength of the tool. The smaller the helix angle, the easier it is to remove chips, but the cutting edge rake angle is also small, the cutting resistance increases, and the cutting performance and life of the tool are affected. The larger the helix angle, the larger the cutting edge rake angle, and the lower the cutting resistance. However, an excessively large helix angle not only makes chip removal difficult, but also makes the cutting edge angle part sharp, reduces the cutting edge strength, and is prone to chipping and breakage, thereby greatly reducing the life of the drill bit and the quality of the processed surface. The drill bits in the prior art cannot meet the needs of high-end manufacturing for high-precision and high-efficiency processing of parts. Therefore, a drill bit with a sharp chip edge, good chip removal, and high overall strength is needed to improve the cutting performance and service life of the drill bit.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明提供了一种包含断屑槽的钻头，其包括如下实施方式：The present invention provides a drill bit including a chip breaker, which includes the following embodiments:

实施方式1.一种具有螺旋槽的钻头，其包含切削部分、任选的导向部分和任选的刀柄，所述切削部分具有切削刃和与所述切削刃对应的螺旋槽，所述切削刃具有前刀面、后刀面和由所述前刀面和后刀面相交形成的刃口，所述前刀面在刃口的每一处形成一个第一前角，其特征在于，在所述前刀面上设置有断屑槽，所述断屑槽在长度方向沿所述刃口的方向延伸，所述断屑槽具有靠近所述刃口的槽面，从而使得所述断屑槽靠近所述刃口的槽面形成第二前角，所述第二前角大于相应的第一前角，所述断屑槽具有远离所述刃口的槽面用于使切屑在切削方向上被卷曲。Embodiment 1. A drill bit with a spiral groove, comprising a cutting portion, an optional guide portion and an optional shank, the cutting portion having a cutting edge and a spiral groove corresponding to the cutting edge, the cutting edge having a rake face, a flank face and a cutting edge formed by the intersection of the rake face and the flank face, the rake face forming a first rake angle at each location of the cutting edge, characterized in that a chip breaker groove is provided on the rake face, the chip breaker groove extends in the length direction along the direction of the cutting edge, the chip breaker groove has a groove surface close to the cutting edge, so that the chip breaker groove is formed close to the groove surface of the cutting edge A second rake angle, wherein the second rake angle is greater than the corresponding first rake angle, and the chip breaker groove has a groove surface away from the cutting edge for curling the chips in the cutting direction.

实施方式2.根据实施方式1所述的钻头，其特征在于，所述螺旋槽延伸至所述导向部分中，所述导向部分的长径比为大于等于5至小于等于50，大于等于8至小于等于45，大于等于10至小于等于40，大于等于15至小于等于35。Embodiment 2. The drill bit according to embodiment 1 is characterized in that the spiral groove extends into the guide part, and the aspect ratio of the guide part is greater than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 50, greater than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 45, greater than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 40, and greater than or equal to 15 and less than or equal to 35.

实施方式3.根据实施方式1或2所述的钻头，其特征在于，所述螺旋槽的角度为0至30度，5至10度，10至20度，或者7至25度。Embodiment 3. The drill bit according to embodiment 1 or 2 is characterized in that the angle of the spiral groove is 0 to 30 degrees, 5 to 10 degrees, 10 to 20 degrees, or 7 to 25 degrees.

实施方式4.根据实施方式3所述的钻头，其特征在于，所述钻头的心厚为钻头直径的30％至50％，32％至45％，33％至42％，35％至40％，36％至38％。Embodiment 4. The drill bit according to embodiment 3 is characterized in that the core thickness of the drill bit is 30% to 50%, 32% to 45%, 33% to 42%, 35% to 40%, or 36% to 38% of the drill bit diameter.

实施方式5.根据实施方式1或2所述的钻头，其特征在于，所述具有螺旋槽的钻头为整体硬质合金材质。Embodiment 5. The drill bit according to embodiment 1 or 2 is characterized in that the drill bit with spiral grooves is made of solid cemented carbide.

实施方式6.根据实施方式1所述的钻头，其特征在于，所述靠近所述刃口的槽面和/或所述远离所述刃口的槽面为波浪状起伏的表面。Embodiment 6. The drill bit according to embodiment 1 is characterized in that the groove surface close to the cutting edge and/or the groove surface away from the cutting edge is a wavy surface.

实施方式7.根据实施方式1所述的钻头，其特征在于，所述刃口具有刃口起伏，所述断屑槽底部具有与所述刃口起伏对应的槽底起伏，从而使得切屑在刃口延伸方向上受到卷曲力。Embodiment 7. According to the drill bit described in Embodiment 1, it is characterized in that the cutting edge has a cutting edge undulation, and the bottom of the chip breaker groove has a groove bottom undulation corresponding to the cutting edge undulation, so that the chips are subjected to a curling force in the extending direction of the cutting edge.

实施方式8.根据实施方式7所述的钻头，其特征在于，所述刃口起伏为波浪形起伏。Embodiment 8. The drill bit according to embodiment 7 is characterized in that the undulation of the cutting edge is a wave-like undulation.

实施方式9.根据实施方式1或4所述的钻头，其特征在于，所述具有螺旋槽的钻头具有2个或者3个切削刃。Embodiment 9. The drill bit according to embodiment 1 or 4 is characterized in that the drill bit with spiral grooves has 2 or 3 cutting edges.

实施方式10.根据实施方式1所述的钻头，其特征在于，所述钻头还具有横刃，所述断屑槽延伸至所述横刃上。Embodiment 10. The drill bit according to embodiment 1 is characterized in that the drill bit also has a chisel edge, and the chip breaker groove extends to the chisel edge.

实施方式11.根据实施方式1所述的钻头，其特征在于，所述断屑槽采用不产生热损伤的加工方法制备。Embodiment 11. The drill bit according to embodiment 1 is characterized in that the chip breaker groove is prepared by a processing method that does not cause thermal damage.

实施方式12.根据实施方式1所述的钻头，其特征在于，所述断屑槽采用飞秒脉冲激光加工方法制备。Embodiment 12. According to the drill bit described in Embodiment 1, it is characterized in that the chip breaker groove is prepared by a femtosecond pulse laser processing method.

实施方式13.一种制备根据实施方式1至10中任一项所述的具有螺旋槽的钻头的方法，其中所述具有螺旋槽的钻头包含切削部分、任选的导向部分和任选的刀柄，所述切削部分具有切削刃和与所述切削刃对应的螺旋槽，所述切削刃具有前刀面、后刀面和由所述前刀面和后刀面相交形成的刃口，所述前刀面在刃口的每一处形成一个第一前角，其特征在于，所述方法包括：Embodiment 13. A method for preparing a drill bit with a spiral groove according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the drill bit with a spiral groove comprises a cutting portion, an optional guide portion, and an optional shank, the cutting portion having a cutting edge and a spiral groove corresponding to the cutting edge, the cutting edge having a rake face, a flank face, and a cutting edge formed by the intersection of the rake face and the flank face, The front cutting surface forms a first front angle at each location of the cutting edge, and the method comprises:

在所述前刀面上形成断屑槽，所述断屑槽在长度方向沿所述刃口的方向延伸，所述断屑槽具有靠近所述刃口的槽面，从而使得所述断屑槽靠近所述刃口的槽面形成第二前角，所述第二前角大于相应的第一前角。A chip breaker groove is formed on the front cutting edge, and the chip breaker groove extends in the length direction along the direction of the cutting edge. The chip breaker groove has a groove surface close to the cutting edge, so that the groove surface of the chip breaker groove close to the cutting edge forms a second front angle, and the second front angle is greater than the corresponding first front angle.

实施方式14.根据实施方式13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述断屑槽采用不产生热损伤的加工方法制备。Embodiment 14. The method according to embodiment 13 is characterized in that the chip breaker groove is prepared by a processing method that does not cause thermal damage.

实施方式15.根据实施方式13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述断屑槽采用飞秒脉冲激光加工方法制备。Embodiment 15. The method according to embodiment 13 is characterized in that the chip breaker groove is prepared by a femtosecond pulse laser processing method.

本申请通过独特的沿刃口的方向延伸的断屑槽控制切屑的形状和大小，减小切屑的尺寸，提高切屑的均匀性，有利于切屑排出，通过断屑槽的靠近所述刃口的槽面形成大于相应的第一前角的第二前角，提高钻头的锋利度，减小了切削阻力，提高加工效率。本申请采用断屑槽的形式获得大的锋利值，解决螺旋角度小时锋利度不够的问题，小的螺旋角度既降低了切屑与工件之间的摩擦，又缩短了排屑距离，从而有利于排屑，避免切屑热累积，提高钻头加工精度和使用寿命。另外，本申请的断屑槽设计可以更小的排屑空间、更短的排屑距离实现顺畅排屑，在大长径比的深孔加工中，能够在保证钻头强度、刚度的同时，有效解决排屑困难的问题，能够显著提高钻头的切削性能和使用寿命。The present application controls the shape and size of the chips through a unique chip breaker extending along the direction of the cutting edge, reduces the size of the chips, improves the uniformity of the chips, and is conducive to chip discharge. The groove surface of the chip breaker close to the cutting edge forms a second rake angle greater than the corresponding first rake angle, thereby improving the sharpness of the drill bit, reducing the cutting resistance, and improving the processing efficiency. The present application adopts the form of a chip breaker to obtain a large sharpness value, solving the problem of insufficient sharpness when the spiral angle is small. The small spiral angle not only reduces the friction between the chips and the workpiece, but also shortens the chip removal distance, thereby facilitating chip removal, avoiding chip heat accumulation, and improving the processing accuracy and service life of the drill bit. In addition, the chip breaker design of the present application can achieve smooth chip removal with a smaller chip removal space and a shorter chip removal distance. In deep hole processing with a large aspect ratio, it can effectively solve the problem of chip removal difficulties while ensuring the strength and rigidity of the drill bit, and can significantly improve the cutting performance and service life of the drill bit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见的，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present disclosure, but are not limitations of the present disclosure.

图1为本申请实施例1所述钻头的立体图；FIG1 is a perspective view of the drill bit described in Example 1 of the present application;

图2为钻头切削部分的示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the cutting portion of the drill bit;

图3为钻头切削刃和横刃的端部示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the end of the cutting edge and the chisel edge of the drill bit;

图4为一个切削刃刃口处的局部示意图；FIG4 is a partial schematic diagram of a cutting edge;

图5为刃口上的第一前角和第二前角的示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a first rake angle and a second rake angle on a cutting edge;

图6为实施例6中波浪形刃口起伏的示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the undulations of the wavy cutting edge in Example 6. FIG.

附图说明：
100-切削部分，110-切削刃，111-前刀面，112-后刀面，113-刃口，10-
断屑槽，11-靠近所述刃口的槽面，12-远离所述刃口的槽面，13-断屑槽底部，120-螺旋槽，130-横刃，200-导向部分，300-刀柄。Description of the drawings:
100-cutting part, 110-cutting edge, 111-front face, 112-flank face, 113-cutting edge, 10-
Chip breaker groove, 11-groove surface close to the cutting edge, 12-groove surface away from the cutting edge, 13-chip breaker groove bottom, 120-spiral groove, 130-transverse edge, 200-guide part, 300-tool handle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

本申请公开了一种具有螺旋槽的钻头，其包含切削部分、任选的导向部分和任选的刀柄，所述切削部分具有切削刃和与所述切削刃对应的螺旋槽，所述切削刃具有前刀面、后刀面和由所述前刀面和后刀面相交形成的刃口，所述前刀面在刃口的每一处形成一个第一前角，其特征在于，在所述前刀面上设置有断屑槽，所述断屑槽在长度方向沿所述刃口的方向延伸，所述断屑槽具有靠近所述刃口的槽面，从而使得所述断屑槽靠近所述刃口的槽面形成第二前角，所述第二前角大于相应的第一前角，所述断屑槽具有远离所述刃口的槽面用于使切屑在切削方向上被卷曲。在一些实施方式中，本申请的钻头不含导向部分和刀柄，切削部分具有连接部，该连接部与外接的导向部分和外接的刀柄结合，形成一个完整的工作钻头。在一些实施方式中，本申请的钻头不含刀柄，所述钻头含有切削部分和导向部分，所述导向部分具有连接部，该连接部与外接的刀柄结合，形成一个完整的工作钻头。The present application discloses a drill bit with a spiral groove, which comprises a cutting portion, an optional guide portion and an optional tool holder, wherein the cutting portion has a cutting edge and a spiral groove corresponding to the cutting edge, wherein the cutting edge has a rake face, a flank face and a cutting edge formed by the intersection of the rake face and the flank face, wherein the rake face forms a first rake angle at each location of the cutting edge, and is characterized in that a chip breaker groove is provided on the rake face, wherein the chip breaker groove extends in the length direction along the direction of the cutting edge, wherein the chip breaker groove has a groove surface close to the cutting edge, so that the groove surface of the chip breaker groove close to the cutting edge forms a second rake angle, wherein the second rake angle is greater than the corresponding first rake angle, and wherein the chip breaker groove has a groove surface away from the cutting edge for curling the chips in the cutting direction. In some embodiments, the drill bit of the present application does not contain a guide portion and a tool holder, and the cutting portion has a connecting portion, which is combined with an externally connected guide portion and an externally connected tool holder to form a complete working drill bit. In some embodiments, the drill bit of the present application does not contain a shank, and the drill bit contains a cutting portion and a guide portion, and the guide portion has a connecting portion, which is combined with an external shank to form a complete working drill bit.

前角是刀具上重要的几何参数，前角的大小决定着切削刃的锋利程度和强固程度。它对切削过程有一系列的重要影响。增大刀具的前角可以减小切屑变形，提高刃口锋利度，从而使切削力和切削功率减小，切削时产生的热量减少，使刀具耐用度得以提高。但是，增大前角会使楔角减小，这样一方面使刀刃强度降低，容易造成崩刃；另一方面会使刀头散热体积减小，刀头能容纳热量的体积减小，致使切削温度增高。因此，刀具的前角太大时，刀具耐用度也会下降。对于由各种材料作成的刀具，前角太大或太小，刀具耐用度都较低。在一定的加工条件下，存在一个刀具耐用度为最大的前角。对于具有螺旋槽的麻花钻，其切削刃位于钻头端部，与切削刃对应的螺旋槽具有螺旋角ω，螺旋角ω是指钻头外圆柱与螺旋槽表面的交线(螺旋线)上任意点的切线与钻头轴线之间的夹角。设螺旋槽的导程为P，钻头外圆直径为d₀，则tanω＝πd₀/P，由于切削刃上各点半径不同，而同一条螺旋线上各点导程是相同的，故切削刃上任意点处的螺旋角不同。对于切削刃上的任意点m，因为它位于直径为d_m的圆柱上，所以通过m点的螺旋线的螺旋角ω_m可表示为：tanω_m＝d_m/d₀·tanω，可见，钻头外径处的螺旋角最大，越靠近中心螺旋角越小。螺旋角实际上就是钻头在假定工作平面内的前角。The rake angle is an important geometric parameter of the tool. The size of the rake angle determines the sharpness and strength of the cutting edge. It has a series of important effects on the cutting process. Increasing the rake angle of the tool can reduce chip deformation and improve the sharpness of the cutting edge, thereby reducing the cutting force and cutting power, reducing the heat generated during cutting, and improving the durability of the tool. However, increasing the rake angle will reduce the wedge angle. On the one hand, this will reduce the strength of the blade and easily cause chipping; on the other hand, it will reduce the heat dissipation volume of the cutter head, and the volume of the cutter head that can accommodate heat will decrease, resulting in an increase in cutting temperature. Therefore, when the rake angle of the tool is too large, the tool durability will also decrease. For tools made of various materials, if the rake angle is too large or too small, the tool durability is low. Under certain processing conditions, there is a rake angle with the maximum tool durability. For a twist drill with a spiral groove, the cutting edge is located at the end of the drill bit, and the spiral groove corresponding to the cutting edge has a There is a helix angle ω, which refers to the angle between the tangent line at any point on the intersection line (helix line) between the outer cylinder of the drill and the surface of the spiral groove and the axis of the drill. Assuming the lead of the spiral groove is P and the outer diameter of the drill is d ₀ , then tanω＝πd ₀ /P. Since the radius of each point on the cutting edge is different, and the lead of each point on the same spiral line is the same, the helix angle at any point on the cutting edge is different. For any point m on the cutting edge, because it is located on a cylinder with a diameter of d _m , the helix angle ω _m of the spiral line passing through point m can be expressed as: tanω _m ＝d _m /d ₀ ·tanω. It can be seen that the helix angle at the outer diameter of the drill is the largest, and the closer to the center, the smaller the helix angle. The helix angle is actually the front angle of the drill in the assumed working plane.

切削刃上任意点的前角γ是在该点的正交平面内测量的，其是在正交平面内前刀面和基面间的夹角，切削刃上任意点m的前角γ_m与该点的螺旋角ω_m、主偏角k_rm以及刃倾角λ_stm的关系为：tanγ_m＝(tanω_m+tanλ_stm·cosk_rm)/sink_rm。切削刃上螺旋角大处的前角也大，故钻头外缘处的前角最大，越接近钻头中心，前角越小，且为负值，且无法通过增大螺旋角的办法来增大钻心处的前角。The rake angle γ of any point on the cutting edge is measured in the orthogonal plane of the point. It is the angle between the rake face and the base surface in the orthogonal plane. The relationship between the rake angle γ _m of any point m on the cutting edge and the helix angle ω _m , main deflection angle k _rm and cutting edge inclination angle λ _stm of the point is: tanγ _m = (tanω _m +tanλ _stm ·cosk _rm )/sink _rm . The rake angle at the point with a large helix angle on the cutting edge is also large, so the rake angle at the outer edge of the drill bit is the largest. The closer to the center of the drill bit, the smaller the rake angle is, and it is a negative value. It is impossible to increase the rake angle at the drill center by increasing the helix angle.

可见，对于具有螺旋槽的麻花钻，螺旋角越大，前角越大，钻头切削刃越锋利，但螺旋角过大，会使钻头刃口处强度削弱，散热条件变差，并且，对于相同加工深度的钻头，螺旋角越大，则排屑距离越长，过大的螺旋角会导致排屑困难，进而影响刀具的加工效率、加工精度和使用寿命。因此，对于加工特定深度孔的麻花钻，以较小的螺旋角实现排屑顺畅，同时保证钻头的强度、韧性和锋利度，能够显著提高钻头的切削性能和使用寿命。It can be seen that for twist drills with spiral grooves, the larger the helix angle, the larger the rake angle, and the sharper the drill cutting edge. However, if the helix angle is too large, the strength of the drill cutting edge will be weakened and the heat dissipation conditions will deteriorate. Moreover, for drills with the same processing depth, the larger the helix angle, the longer the chip removal distance. Too large a helix angle will lead to chip removal difficulties, which in turn affects the processing efficiency, processing accuracy and service life of the tool. Therefore, for twist drills that process holes of a specific depth, a smaller helix angle can achieve smooth chip removal while ensuring the strength, toughness and sharpness of the drill, which can significantly improve the cutting performance and service life of the drill.

本申请通过设置沿刃口的方向延伸的断屑槽，形成大于相应的第一前角的第二前角，有效解决具有螺旋槽的钻头在解决排屑、刃口锋利度、刃口强度之间的矛盾，在螺旋角度不变或者较小的螺旋角度变化的情形下，实现大前角，通过更小的螺旋角也能提高钻头的锋利度，减小切削阻力，锋利值提高，定心稳定，扭力更小，钻头不易折断，寿命提高，更小的螺旋角还能降低排屑距离。另外，相对于只依靠螺旋面卷屑断屑，断屑槽起到很好的卷屑断屑的作用，虽然现有技术可通过在前刀面开出分屑槽以便于排屑，但分屑槽无法以更小的螺旋角提高钻头刃口锋利度，且存在加工困难、易对刃口造成破坏的缺陷，无法从根本上解决排屑困难的问题。本申请通过沿刃口的方向延伸的断屑槽控制切屑的形状和大小，断屑槽通过卷屑断屑作用，减小切屑的尺寸，提高切屑的均匀性，并进一步通过降低排屑距离，便于排屑，且大前角的刃口的强度和散热体积不会明显降低，不易造成崩刃和工件表面的热损伤，极大提高切削效率和切削精度，从而提高加工精度，使刀具长时间使用下也能够保持加工精度，因此钻头的寿命也大大提高。The present application provides a chip breaker groove extending along the direction of the cutting edge to form a second rake angle greater than the corresponding first rake angle, which effectively solves the contradiction between chip removal, cutting edge sharpness, and cutting edge strength in a drill bit with a spiral groove. A large rake angle is achieved when the spiral angle remains unchanged or changes slightly. A smaller spiral angle can also improve the sharpness of the drill bit, reduce cutting resistance, improve sharpness, stabilize centering, reduce torque, make the drill bit less likely to break, and increase life. A smaller spiral angle can also reduce the chip removal distance. In addition, compared with relying solely on spiral surface chip rolling and chip breaking, the chip breaker groove plays a good role in chip rolling and chip breaking. Although the prior art can facilitate chip removal by opening a chip splitter groove on the front cutting edge, the chip splitter groove cannot improve the sharpness of the drill bit cutting edge with a smaller spiral angle, and has the defects of being difficult to process and easy to damage the cutting edge, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of difficult chip removal. The present invention controls the shape and size of the chips by means of the chip breaker groove extending along the direction of the cutting edge. The chip breaker groove reduces the size of the chips and improves the uniformity of the chips by means of chip rolling and chip breaking. Furthermore, the chip removal distance is reduced to facilitate chip removal. The strength and heat dissipation volume of the cutting edge with a large rake angle will not be significantly reduced, and it is not easy to cause chipping and workpiece surface damage. Thermal damage greatly improves cutting efficiency and cutting accuracy, thereby improving processing accuracy, so that the tool can maintain processing accuracy even after long-term use, so the life of the drill bit is also greatly improved.

本申请中“第一前角”与前述“前角γ”的定义一致，其为在正交平面内前刀面和基面间的夹角。“第二前角”指在正交平面内靠近所述刃口的槽面和基面间的夹角。切削刃上任一点的基面，是通过该点，且垂直于该点切削速度方向的平面。对于具有螺旋槽的麻花钻，其切削刃包括主切削刃和副切削刃，主切削刃是前刀面与后刀面的交线，副切削刃是前刀面与副后刀面的交线，即棱边，副后刀面是与已加工表面(孔壁)相对的钻头外圆柱面上的窄棱面。如无特别说明，本申请的切削刃均指主切削刃。The "first rake angle" in the present application is consistent with the definition of the aforementioned "rake angle γ", which is the angle between the front cutting edge and the base plane in an orthogonal plane. The "second rake angle" refers to the angle between the groove surface close to the cutting edge and the base plane in an orthogonal plane. The base plane of any point on the cutting edge is a plane passing through the point and perpendicular to the cutting speed direction of the point. For a twist drill with a spiral groove, its cutting edge includes a main cutting edge and a secondary cutting edge. The main cutting edge is the intersection of the front cutting edge and the back cutting edge, and the secondary cutting edge is the intersection of the front cutting edge and the secondary back cutting edge, that is, the edge. The secondary back cutting edge is a narrow edge on the outer cylindrical surface of the drill bit opposite to the machined surface (hole wall). Unless otherwise specified, the cutting edge in this application refers to the main cutting edge.

本申请中刃口处的第二前角由靠近所述刃口的槽面形成，所述第二前角大于相应的第一前角，即本申请采用断屑槽的形式获得大的锋利值，使切削更加轻快，定心更加稳定。断屑槽的具体形状和大小能够直接影响切屑的形状和大小，所述远离所述刃口的槽面能够使切屑在切削方向上被进一步卷曲，使断屑槽发挥卷屑断屑的作用。断屑槽的宽度和深度范围没有限制，通常可以在不显著损伤刃口刚性的前提下进行选择。断屑槽通常的宽度可以为钻头直径的1/20至1/3,例如1/10至1/3，1/20至1/10,1/15至1/10,例如可以为1/6至1/4。断屑槽的深度可以是断屑槽宽度的1/10至1/2，1/8至1/3，1/3至1/2，1/6至1/3。在本申请中，断屑槽的在每一处的宽度和深度是变化的，术语“断屑槽的深度”是指整个断屑槽相对于前刀面而言最深处的深度，术语“断屑槽的宽度”是指整个断屑槽在与刃口垂直的方向上最宽处的宽度。In the present application, the second rake angle at the cutting edge is formed by the groove surface close to the cutting edge, and the second rake angle is greater than the corresponding first rake angle, that is, the present application adopts the form of a chip breaker to obtain a large sharpness value, making cutting lighter and centering more stable. The specific shape and size of the chip breaker can directly affect the shape and size of the chips, and the groove surface away from the cutting edge can further curl the chips in the cutting direction, so that the chip breaker plays the role of curling and breaking chips. There is no limit to the width and depth range of the chip breaker, and it can usually be selected without significantly damaging the rigidity of the cutting edge. The usual width of the chip breaker can be 1/20 to 1/3 of the drill diameter, such as 1/10 to 1/3, 1/20 to 1/10, 1/15 to 1/10, for example, it can be 1/6 to 1/4. The depth of the chip breaker can be 1/10 to 1/2, 1/8 to 1/3, 1/3 to 1/2, 1/6 to 1/3 of the chip breaker width. In the present application, the width and depth of the chip breaker groove at each location vary. The term "depth of the chip breaker groove" refers to the deepest depth of the entire chip breaker groove relative to the front cutting edge, and the term "width of the chip breaker groove" refers to the width of the entire chip breaker groove at its widest point in the direction perpendicular to the cutting edge.

在一些实施方式中，所述螺旋槽延伸至所述导向部分中，所述导向部分的长径比为大于等于5至小于等于50，大于等于8至小于等于45，大于等于10至小于等于40，大于等于15至小于等于35。通常把孔深与孔径之比大于5倍的孔称为深孔，加工深孔所用的钻头称为深孔钻。与孔深与孔径之比相对应的钻头参数即长径比，本申请设置有断屑槽的钻头，尤其适用于深孔钻。深孔加工不同于普通的孔加工，一些问题更为突出。深孔加工中，由于钻头细长，强度和刚度均较差，容易产生振动，并使钻孔偏斜而影响加工精度和生产率，同时，由于孔深度大，容屑排屑空间小，切屑流经的路程更长，切屑更加不易排出，摩擦增大，切削热容易积累，增加了深孔加工的难度。本申请设置有断屑槽的深孔钻头，不仅因断屑槽的的卷屑断屑作用使得切屑更小，以及排屑距离更短而利于切屑排出，更为重要的是，更小的螺旋角意味着因螺旋槽去除的钻头的切削部分和导向部分更少，钻头的强度和刚度得到提高，本申请的第二前角取决于断屑槽的设置，与螺旋槽的螺旋角无关，使得深孔钻在较大的长径比下可以设置更小的螺旋角以保证钻头更高的强度和刚度，同时满足排屑需求和强度、刚度需求，使深孔加工质量和效率都有提高。In some embodiments, the spiral groove extends into the guide portion, and the aspect ratio of the guide portion is greater than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 50, greater than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 45, greater than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 40, and greater than or equal to 15 and less than or equal to 35. Holes with a ratio of hole depth to hole diameter greater than 5 times are usually called deep holes, and drill bits used to process deep holes are called deep hole drills. The drill bit parameter corresponding to the ratio of hole depth to hole diameter is the aspect ratio. The drill bit provided with a chip breaker groove in the present application is particularly suitable for deep hole drilling. Deep hole processing is different from ordinary hole processing, and some problems are more prominent. In deep hole processing, since the drill bit is slender, the strength and rigidity are poor, it is easy to vibrate, and the drilling hole is skewed, affecting the processing accuracy and productivity. At the same time, due to the large hole depth and small chip evacuation space, the distance the chips flow is longer, the chips are more difficult to discharge, the friction increases, and the cutting heat is easily accumulated, which increases the difficulty of deep hole processing. The deep hole drill bit provided with a chip breaker groove in the present application not only makes the chip rolling and chip breaking effect of the chip breaker groove The chips are smaller and the chip removal distance is shorter, which is conducive to chip removal. More importantly, a smaller helix angle means that the cutting part and guide part of the drill bit are less removed by the spiral groove, and the strength and rigidity of the drill bit are improved. The second rake angle of the present application depends on the setting of the chip breaker groove and has nothing to do with the helix angle of the spiral groove, so that the deep hole drill can be set with a smaller helix angle at a larger aspect ratio to ensure higher strength and rigidity of the drill bit, while meeting the chip removal requirements and strength and rigidity requirements, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of deep hole processing.

在一些实施方式中，所述螺旋槽的角度为0至30度，5至10度，10至20度，或者7至25度。螺旋角度越小，切屑与工件之间的摩擦越小，便于排屑，而螺旋槽角度越大，越不利于排屑。本申请设置沿刃口的方向延伸的断屑槽，用断屑槽的形式获得大的锋利值，解决螺旋角度小时锋利度不够的问题，同时便于排屑，能够进一步实现深孔钻的排屑需要。In some embodiments, the angle of the spiral groove is 0 to 30 degrees, 5 to 10 degrees, 10 to 20 degrees, or 7 to 25 degrees. The smaller the spiral angle, the smaller the friction between the chips and the workpiece, which is convenient for chip removal, while the larger the spiral groove angle, the more unfavorable for chip removal. The present application provides a chip breaker groove extending along the direction of the cutting edge, and obtains a large sharpness value in the form of a chip breaker groove, which solves the problem of insufficient sharpness when the spiral angle is small, and is convenient for chip removal, which can further meet the chip removal needs of deep hole drilling.

在一些实施方式中，所述钻头的心厚为钻头直径的30％至50％，32％至45％，33％至42％，35％至40％，36％至38％。心厚与钻头的刚性和排屑能力密切相关，心厚大，钻头刚性好，但槽面积缩小，容屑排屑空间变小，排屑变得困难。钻床上使用高速钢钻头，心厚通常是钻头直径的10％至20％，直径小的钻头该比例较大，随着直径增大，比例会下降。高速钢钻头的韧性高，因此优先考虑排屑。而在高刚性、高功率的加工中心上使用的高速、高效率硬质合金钻头，心厚通常为直径的20％至30％，这是为了提高钻头的刚性。本申请设置沿刃口的方向延伸的断屑槽，通过断屑槽卷屑断屑，使切屑更小更均匀，能够适应槽面积缩小，在心厚增大的情况下，容屑排屑空间更小的螺旋槽也能排出切屑，保证了钻头刚性增强时，排屑仍然通畅。In some embodiments, the core thickness of the drill bit is 30% to 50%, 32% to 45%, 33% to 42%, 35% to 40%, and 36% to 38% of the drill bit diameter. The core thickness is closely related to the rigidity and chip removal ability of the drill bit. The thicker the core is, the better the rigidity of the drill bit is, but the groove area is reduced, the chip removal space becomes smaller, and chip removal becomes difficult. High-speed steel drill bits are used on drilling machines, and the core thickness is usually 10% to 20% of the drill bit diameter. The ratio is larger for drill bits with small diameters, and the ratio decreases as the diameter increases. High-speed steel drill bits have high toughness, so chip removal is given priority. The high-speed, high-efficiency carbide drill bits used on high-rigidity, high-power machining centers usually have a core thickness of 20% to 30% of the diameter, in order to improve the rigidity of the drill bit. The present application provides a chip breaker groove extending along the direction of the cutting edge, which rolls and breaks chips through the chip breaker groove to make the chips smaller and more uniform, and can adapt to the reduction of the groove area. When the core thickness increases, the spiral groove with smaller chip capacity and chip removal space can also discharge the chips, ensuring that the chip removal is still smooth when the rigidity of the drill bit is enhanced.

在一些实施方式中，所述具有螺旋槽的钻头为整体硬质合金材质。本申请限定所述具有螺旋槽的钻头为整体硬质合金材质，整体硬质合金的钻头，其切削刃的前刀面无法通过磨削实现断屑槽，现有技术中的处理方式也无法设置沿着刃口方向延伸的断屑槽，因此无法实现对切屑形状和大小的控制，切屑不易排出，且无法有效解决螺旋角度小时锋利度不够的问题，钻头加工精度、加工效率、加工寿命差。In some embodiments, the drill bit with spiral grooves is made of solid carbide. The present application specifies that the drill bit with spiral grooves is made of solid carbide. For a solid carbide drill bit, the rake face of the cutting edge cannot be ground to form a chip breaker, and the processing method in the prior art cannot set a chip breaker extending along the cutting edge. Therefore, it is impossible to control the shape and size of the chips, and the chips are not easy to discharge. It is also impossible to effectively solve the problem of insufficient sharpness when the spiral angle is small, and the drill bit processing accuracy, processing efficiency, and processing life are poor.

本申请中硬质合金具有本领域技术人员理解的通常含义，本领域中，硬质合金是以高硬度难熔金属的碳化物(WC、TiC)微米级粉末为主要成分，以钴(Co)或镍(Ni)、钼(Mo)为粘结剂，在真空炉或氢气还原炉中烧结而成的粉末冶金制品。它的耐性比高速钢高得多，约在800～1000℃，允许的切削速度约是高速钢的4～10倍。硬度很高，可达(89～91)HRA，有的高达93HRA；但它的抗弯强度为1.1～1.5GPa，只是高速钢的一半；冲击韧度为0.04MJ/m²左右，不足高速钢的1/25～1/10。由于它的耐热性与耐磨性好，因而在刃形不太复杂刀具上的应用日益增多。本申请所述硬质合金包括选自以下的一种：例如钨钴类(WC-Co)硬质合金，钨钛钴类(WC-Ti-Co)硬质合金，钨钛钽(铌)类(WC-TaC(NbC)-Co)硬质合金，钨钛钴钽(铌)类(WC-Ti C-TaC(NbC)-Co)硬质合金等以WC为基体的硬质合金，或者TiC基硬质合金，细晶粒超细晶粒硬质合金，钢结硬质合金，涂层硬质合金等。In this application, cemented carbide has the common meaning understood by those skilled in the art. In this field, cemented carbide is a powder metallurgy product made of micron-sized powder of high-hardness refractory metal carbide (WC, TiC) as the main component, cobalt (Co) or nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo) as a binder, and sintered in a vacuum furnace or a hydrogen reduction furnace. Its hardness is much higher than that of high-speed steel, about 800-1000℃, and the allowable cutting speed is The hardness is about 4 to 10 times that of high-speed steel. The hardness is very high, up to (89 to 91) HRA, and some are as high as 93 HRA; but its bending strength is 1.1 to 1.5 GPa, which is only half of that of high-speed steel; the impact toughness is about 0.04 MJ/ ^m2 , which is less than 1/25 to 1/10 of that of high-speed steel. Due to its good heat resistance and wear resistance, it is increasingly used in cutting tools with less complex blade shapes. The cemented carbide described in the present application includes one selected from the following: for example, tungsten-cobalt (WC-Co) cemented carbide, tungsten-titanium-cobalt (WC-Ti-Co) cemented carbide, tungsten-titanium-tantalum (niobium) (WC-TaC (NbC)-Co) cemented carbide, tungsten-titanium-cobalt-tantalum (niobium) (WC-Ti C-TaC (NbC)-Co) cemented carbide and other cemented carbides with WC as the matrix, or TiC-based cemented carbide, fine-grained and ultra-fine-grained cemented carbide, steel-bonded cemented carbide, coated cemented carbide, etc.

在一些实施方式中，所述靠近所述刃口的槽面和/或所述远离所述刃口的槽面为波浪状起伏的表面。波浪状起伏的表面能够进一步增强断屑槽的卷屑断屑作用，使切屑均匀细小，便于排屑。In some embodiments, the groove surface close to the cutting edge and/or the groove surface away from the cutting edge is a wavy surface. The wavy surface can further enhance the chip rolling and breaking effect of the chip breaker groove, making the chips uniform and small, and facilitating chip removal.

在一些实施方式中，所述刃口具有刃口起伏，所述断屑槽底部具有与所述刃口起伏对应的槽底起伏，从而使得切屑在刃口延伸方向上受到卷曲力。刃口起伏增加了刃口长度，减小了切削力，能够延长刃口寿命，通过断屑槽内与所述刃口起伏对应的槽底起伏，可通过断屑槽的形状控制切屑的形状，每一个起伏，就形成一种切屑，进一步减小切屑的尺寸，便于排屑。In some embodiments, the cutting edge has cutting edge undulations, and the bottom of the chip breaker groove has groove bottom undulations corresponding to the cutting edge undulations, so that the chips are subjected to curling forces in the extending direction of the cutting edge. The cutting edge undulations increase the cutting edge length, reduce the cutting force, and extend the cutting edge life. The shape of the chips can be controlled by the shape of the chip breaker groove through the groove bottom undulations corresponding to the cutting edge undulations in the chip breaker groove. Each undulation forms a chip, further reducing the size of the chips and facilitating chip removal.

在一些实施方式中，所述刃口起伏为波浪形起伏。刃口为波浪形起伏时，刚性最好，应力最小，具有最长的寿命。In some embodiments, the undulation of the cutting edge is wavy. When the cutting edge is wavy, the rigidity is the best, the stress is the smallest, and the service life is the longest.

在一些实施方式中，所述具有螺旋槽的钻头具有2个或者3个切削刃。本申请通过断屑槽使切屑变小的情况下，即使排屑空间变小，依然可以较好地排屑，可以采用具有大心厚的设计，心厚增大，钻头刚性更好，克服了三刃钻容易折断和刚性变弱的问题，同时发挥了三刃钻的高寿命优点。In some embodiments, the drill bit with spiral grooves has 2 or 3 cutting edges. In the case where the chip is reduced by the chip breaker groove, the chip removal can still be better even if the chip removal space is reduced. A design with a large core thickness can be adopted. The core thickness is increased, the drill bit has better rigidity, and the problem of easy breakage and weakened rigidity of the three-edge drill is overcome, while the advantage of the long life of the three-edge drill is brought into play.

在一些实施方式中，所述钻头还具有横刃，所述断屑槽延伸至所述横刃上，从而使得所述断屑槽靠近所述刃口的槽面在横刃的刃口上形成大于相应的第一前角的第二前角，横刃的锋利值提高，更有利于定心稳定，应用于难加工材料上尤其具有优势。In some embodiments, the drill bit also has a transverse edge, and the chip breaker groove extends to the transverse edge, so that the groove surface of the chip breaker groove close to the cutting edge forms a second rake angle on the cutting edge of the transverse edge that is greater than the corresponding first rake angle. The sharpness of the transverse edge is improved, which is more conducive to centering stability and is particularly advantageous when applied to difficult-to-process materials.

在一些实施方式中，所述断屑槽采用不产生热损伤的加工方法制备。从而使得所述断屑槽部位不存在热损伤层，设置断屑槽后刀具强度不会因热损伤而劣化。In some embodiments, the chip breaker is prepared by a processing method that does not cause thermal damage, so that there is no thermal damage layer at the chip breaker, and the tool strength will not be deteriorated due to thermal damage after the chip breaker is provided.

在一些实施方式中，所述断屑槽采用飞秒脉冲激光加工方法制备。本申请所述断屑槽可采用飞秒脉冲激光加工成型制备，例如可以采用以商品名 LASERTEC 50 Shape购买自德马吉森精机机床贸易有限公司的精密数控激光机。通常认为激光加工成型会使硬质合金的性能劣化，例如皮秒和纳秒加工会造成热损伤，在断屑槽部位形成热损伤层，损害刀具，表面光洁度非常差，不仅无法满足精加工需求，刀具寿命急剧降低。不受理论限制，认为产生这种热损伤层的原因是由于加工过程中产生高温使得硬质合金发生氧化，合金中的微组织发生变化，硬度及耐磨性降低，这一点可以通过与没有热损伤层的刀具寿命进行对比可以显而易见地发现，具有热损伤层的刀具的寿命往往不及无热损伤层的刀具的一半，有的甚至劣化至正常寿命的五分之一甚至更短。而采用飞秒脉冲激光加工，由于速度极快，不会造成热损伤，表面光洁度可以达到0.1-0.2nm的光洁度，甚至可以做到镜面，适用于精加工，且断屑槽尺寸小，对刀具的力学性能几乎无影响，不仅有效解决了断屑问题，刀具的寿命明显提高，实现高精度、高灵活、高效率加工，减少自动化线机床停机时间。In some embodiments, the chip breaker groove is prepared by femtosecond pulse laser processing. The chip breaker groove of the present application can be prepared by femtosecond pulse laser processing, for example, by using a femtosecond pulse laser processing method. LASERTEC 50 Shape is a precision CNC laser machine purchased from DMG Mori Seiki Machine Tool Trading Co., Ltd. It is generally believed that laser processing will deteriorate the performance of cemented carbide. For example, picosecond and nanosecond processing will cause thermal damage, forming a thermal damage layer in the chip breaker, damaging the tool, and the surface finish is very poor. Not only can it not meet the needs of fine processing, but the tool life is also sharply reduced. Without being limited by theory, it is believed that the reason for the generation of this thermal damage layer is that the high temperature generated during the processing causes the cemented carbide to oxidize, the microstructure in the alloy changes, and the hardness and wear resistance are reduced. This can be clearly seen by comparing the life of the tool with the tool without the thermal damage layer. The life of the tool with the thermal damage layer is often less than half of that of the tool without the thermal damage layer, and some even deteriorate to one-fifth of the normal life or even shorter. The use of femtosecond pulse laser processing, due to its extremely high speed, will not cause thermal damage, and the surface finish can reach 0.1-0.2nm, and can even be mirror-finished, which is suitable for fine machining. The chip breaker groove is small in size and has almost no effect on the mechanical properties of the tool. It not only effectively solves the chip breaking problem, but also significantly improves the life of the tool, achieving high-precision, high-flexibility, and high-efficiency processing, and reducing the downtime of automated line machine tools.

本申请还公开一种制备所述的具有螺旋槽的钻头的方法，其中所述具有螺旋槽的钻头包含切削部分、任选的导向部分和任选的刀柄，所述切削部分具有切削刃和与所述切削刃对应的螺旋槽，所述切削刃具有前刀面、后刀面和由所述前刀面和后刀面相交形成的刃口，所述前刀面在刃口的每一处形成一个第一前角，其特征在于，所述方法包括：在所述前刀面上形成断屑槽，所述断屑槽在长度方向沿所述刃口的方向延伸，所述断屑槽具有靠近所述刃口的槽面，从而使得所述断屑槽靠近所述刃口的槽面形成第二前角，所述第二前角大于相应的第一前角。The present application also discloses a method for preparing the drill bit with spiral grooves, wherein the drill bit with spiral grooves comprises a cutting part, an optional guide part and an optional shank, the cutting part having a cutting edge and a spiral groove corresponding to the cutting edge, the cutting edge having a front cutting face, a back cutting face and a cutting edge formed by the intersection of the front cutting face and the back cutting face, the front cutting face forming a first rake angle at each location of the cutting edge, characterized in that the method comprises: forming a chip breaker groove on the front cutting face, the chip breaker groove extending in the length direction along the direction of the cutting edge, the chip breaker groove having a groove surface close to the cutting edge, so that the groove surface of the chip breaker groove close to the cutting edge forms a second rake angle, and the second rake angle is greater than the corresponding first rake angle.

现有技术的具有螺旋槽的钻头的制备方法是本领域技术人员已知的，包括如下步骤：1.根据实际需要计算好具有螺旋槽的钻头的形状并且选择好合适的硬质合金棒料，2.从硬质合金棒料开始，将硬质合金棒料通过磨削加工形成具有螺旋槽的钻头的坯料，3.通过精加工磨削形成具有螺旋槽的钻头的半成品，4.将该半成品进行PVD涂层处理，从而形成具有螺旋槽的钻头的成品。The preparation method of the drill bit with spiral grooves in the prior art is known to those skilled in the art, and comprises the following steps: 1. calculating the shape of the drill bit with spiral grooves according to actual needs and selecting a suitable cemented carbide rod; 2. starting from the cemented carbide rod, grinding the cemented carbide rod to form a blank of the drill bit with spiral grooves; 3. forming a semi-finished product of the drill bit with spiral grooves by fine grinding; 4. subjecting the semi-finished product to PVD coating to form a finished product of the drill bit with spiral grooves.

本申请的一种制备具有螺旋槽的钻头的方法主要是在所述半成品的基础上加工断屑槽，然后再对具有断屑槽的半成品进行PVD涂层处理。另外，本申请也提供一种具有螺旋槽的钻头(该具有螺旋槽的钻头为废旧的或者非废旧的)进行处理的方法，包括任选地对所述具有螺旋槽的钻头的后刀面进行打磨，然后在所述具有螺旋槽的钻头的前刀面上设置断屑槽，然后对设置有断屑槽的具有螺旋槽的钻头进行PVD涂层处理。The present invention provides a method for preparing a drill bit with a spiral groove, which mainly includes machining a chip breaker groove on the basis of the semi-finished product, and then performing a PVD coating treatment on the semi-finished product with the chip breaker groove. In addition, the present invention also provides a method for treating a drill bit with a spiral groove (the drill bit with a spiral groove is waste or non-waste), which includes optionally performing a PVD coating treatment on the back face of the drill bit with a spiral groove. The drill bit with the spiral groove is ground, and then a chip breaker groove is arranged on the rake face of the drill bit with the spiral groove, and then the drill bit with the spiral groove provided with the chip breaker groove is subjected to PVD coating treatment.

在一些实施方式中，所述断屑槽采用不产生热损伤的加工方法制备。In some embodiments, the chip breaker is prepared by a processing method that does not cause thermal damage.

在一些实施方式中，所述断屑槽采用飞秒脉冲激光加工方法制备。In some embodiments, the chip breaker is prepared by a femtosecond pulse laser processing method.

以上所述的范围可以单独使用或者组合使用。通过下面实施例，能够更容易理解本申请。The above ranges can be used alone or in combination. The present application can be more easily understood through the following examples.

实施例Example

实施例1Example 1

如图1至图5所示，本实施例提供一种具有螺旋槽的整体硬质合金材质钻头，其包含切削部分100导向部分200和刀柄300，所述切削部分100具有两个切削刃110和与所述切削刃对应的两个螺旋槽120，如图2中所示，所述切削刃具有前刀面111、后刀面112和由所述前刀面和后刀面相交形成的刃口113，所述前刀面在刃口的每一处形成一个第一前角，在所述前刀面上设置有断屑槽10，所述断屑槽在长度方向沿所述刃口的方向延伸，所述钻头还具有横刃130，所述断屑槽延伸至所述横刃上。As shown in Figures 1 to 5, this embodiment provides a solid carbide drill with spiral grooves, which includes a cutting part 100, a guide part 200 and a shank 300, the cutting part 100 has two cutting edges 110 and two spiral grooves 120 corresponding to the cutting edges, as shown in Figure 2, the cutting edge has a front cutting face 111, a back cutting face 112 and a cutting edge 113 formed by the intersection of the front cutting face and the back cutting face, the front cutting face forms a first front angle at each location of the cutting edge, a chip breaker groove 10 is provided on the front cutting face, the chip breaker groove extends in the length direction along the direction of the cutting edge, and the drill also has a transverse edge 130, and the chip breaker groove extends to the transverse edge.

图4为其中一个切削刃刃口处的局部示意图，所述断屑槽10具有靠近所述刃口的槽面11，远离所述刃口的槽面12，和断屑槽底部13，从而使得所述断屑槽靠近所述刃口的槽面11形成第二前角，所述第二前角大于相应的第一前角，所述远离所述刃口的槽面12用于使切屑在切削方向上被卷曲。Figure 4 is a local schematic diagram of one of the cutting edge, wherein the chip breaker groove 10 has a groove surface 11 close to the cutting edge, a groove surface 12 away from the cutting edge, and a chip breaker groove bottom 13, so that the groove surface 11 of the chip breaker groove close to the cutting edge forms a second rake angle, wherein the second rake angle is greater than the corresponding first rake angle, and the groove surface 12 away from the cutting edge is used to curl the chips in the cutting direction.

所述螺旋槽延伸至所述导向部分中，所述导向部分的长径比为5，钻头直径为10mm，所述螺旋槽的角度为30度，所述靠近所述刃口的槽面11和所述远离所述刃口的槽面12为波浪状起伏的表面。The spiral groove extends into the guide part, the aspect ratio of the guide part is 5, the drill diameter is 10 mm, the angle of the spiral groove is 30 degrees, and the groove surface 11 close to the cutting edge and the groove surface 12 away from the cutting edge are wavy surfaces.

图5中示出了靠近钻头刃口外缘处的点1和靠近钻头中心的横刃上的点2处形成的第一前角和第二前角，如图中所示，对于点1，在正交平面内(O₁-O₁平面)前刀面和基面间的夹角a即为第一前角，靠近所述刃口的槽面和基面间的夹角b即为第二前角，第一前角和第二前角均为正角，第二前角大于第一前角。对于点2，在横刃的刃口上，正交平面内(O₂-O₂平面)前刀面和基面间的夹角c即为第一前角，靠近所述刃口的槽面和基面间的夹角d即为第二前角，第一前角为负角，第二前角为正角。FIG5 shows the first rake angle and the second rake angle formed at point 1 near the outer edge of the drill bit cutting edge and point 2 on the chisel edge near the center of the drill bit. As shown in the figure, for point 1, the angle a between the rake face and the base surface in the orthogonal plane (O ₁ -O ₁ plane) is the first rake angle, and the angle b between the groove surface and the base surface near the cutting edge is the second rake angle. Both the first rake angle and the second rake angle are positive angles, and the second rake angle is greater than the first rake angle. For point 2, on the cutting edge of the chisel edge, the angle c between the rake face and the base surface in the orthogonal plane (O ₂ -O ₂ plane) is the first rake angle, and the angle d between the groove surface and the base surface near the cutting edge is the second rake angle. The first rake angle is a negative angle, and the second rake angle is a positive angle.

通过设置在前刀面并延伸至横刃的断屑槽形成第二前角，增加了刃口的锋利值，减小切削阻力，使切削更加轻快，通过断屑槽的卷屑断屑作用，减小切屑尺寸，提高切屑的均匀性，从而有利于排屑，避免切屑热累积，提高钻头加工精度、加工效率和使用寿命。The second rake angle is formed by the chip breaker groove set on the rake face and extending to the chisel edge, which increases the cutting edge The sharpness value reduces cutting resistance and makes cutting easier. The chip rolling and breaking effect of the chip breaker reduces the chip size and improves the uniformity of the chips, which is beneficial to chip removal, avoids chip heat accumulation, and improves the processing accuracy, processing efficiency and service life of the drill.

实施例2Example 2

本实施例提供一种具有螺旋槽的整体硬质合金材质钻头，钻头直径为0.25mm，其他特征和实施例1基本一致。This embodiment provides a solid carbide drill bit with spiral grooves. The drill bit diameter is 0.25 mm, and other features are basically the same as those of Embodiment 1.

实施例3Example 3

本实施例提供一种具有螺旋槽的整体硬质合金材质钻头，钻头直径为36mm，其他特征和实施例1基本一致。This embodiment provides a solid carbide drill bit with spiral grooves. The drill bit diameter is 36 mm, and other features are basically the same as those of Embodiment 1.

切削试验Cutting test

采用实施例1至3的整体硬质合金材质钻头，对不锈钢316进行孔加工试验，以未设置断屑槽的同型号钻头作为相应对照(对比1至对比3)，观察切屑形状、尺寸、切屑排出情况，并以钻头加工孔的数量测定钻头加工寿命，结果如下表1所示：The solid carbide drill bits of Examples 1 to 3 were used to perform hole processing tests on stainless steel 316. The same type of drill bits without chip breaker grooves were used as corresponding controls (Comparison 1 to Comparison 3). The chip shape, size, and chip discharge were observed, and the drill processing life was measured by the number of drill processing holes. The results are shown in Table 1 below:

表1

Table 1

由上表中可以看出，断屑槽的设置对切屑的形状、尺寸具有明显的影响，相比于对照，通过设置断屑槽形成细小切屑，易于排出，且断屑槽的设置提高了钻头锋利值，切削更加轻快，定心更加稳定，切削阻力和扭力更小，钻头不易折断，寿命提高。It can be seen from the above table that the setting of the chip breaker has a significant effect on the shape and size of the chips. Compared with the control, the chip breaker forms fine chips, which are easy to discharge. The setting of the chip breaker improves the sharpness of the drill, making the cutting easier, the centering more stable, the cutting resistance and torque smaller, the drill is not easy to break, and the service life is increased.

实施例4Example 4

本实施例提供一种具有螺旋槽的整体硬质合金材质钻头，其和实施例1大体一致，区别在于，所述螺旋槽的角度为20度，所述切削部分具有三个切削刃和与所述切削刃对应的三个螺旋槽。This embodiment provides a solid carbide drill bit with a spiral groove, which is generally the same as Embodiment 1, except that the angle of the spiral groove is 20 degrees, and the cutting portion has three cutting edges and three spiral grooves corresponding to the cutting edges.

实施例5Example 5

本实施例提供一种具有螺旋槽的整体硬质合金材质钻头，其和实施例1大体一致，区别在于，所述螺旋槽的角度为20度，钻头直径为0.25mm，所述靠近所述刃口的槽面和所述远离所述刃口的槽面不设置波浪状起伏，其为沿着刃口的方向延伸并延伸至所述横刃上的平整曲面。The present embodiment provides a solid carbide drill bit with a spiral groove, which is substantially the same as Embodiment 1, except that the angle of the spiral groove is 20 degrees, the drill bit diameter is 0.25 mm, the groove surface close to the cutting edge and the groove surface away from the cutting edge are not provided with wavy undulations, but are flat curved surfaces extending along the direction of the cutting edge and extending to the transverse edge.

实施例6Example 6

本实施例提供一种具有螺旋槽的整体硬质合金材质钻头，其和实施例1大体一致，区别在于，所述螺旋槽的角度为20度，钻头直径为36mm，如图6所示，所述刃口具有波浪形起伏的刃口起伏，所述断屑槽底部具有与所述刃口起伏对应的槽底起伏，从而使得切屑在刃口延伸方向上受到卷曲力，每一个起伏，就形成一种切屑，进一步减小切屑的尺寸，便于排屑。The present embodiment provides a solid carbide drill bit with a spiral groove, which is substantially the same as the embodiment 1, except that the angle of the spiral groove is 20 degrees and the drill bit diameter is 36 mm. As shown in FIG6 , the cutting edge has a wavy undulating cutting edge, and the bottom of the chip breaker groove has a groove bottom undulation corresponding to the cutting edge undulation, so that the chips are subjected to a curling force in the extending direction of the cutting edge, and each undulation forms a chip, further reducing the size of the chip and facilitating chip removal.

切削试验Cutting test

采用实施例4至6的整体硬质合金材质钻头，对不锈钢316进行孔加工试验，以未设置断屑槽、螺旋角为30度的同型号钻头作为相应对照(对比4至对比6，其中，对比6的刃口无刃口起伏)，观察切屑形状、尺寸、切屑排出情况，并以钻头加工孔的数量测定钻头加工寿命，结果如下表2所示：The integral carbide drill bits of Examples 4 to 6 were used to perform hole processing tests on stainless steel 316, and the same type of drill bits without chip breaker grooves and a helix angle of 30 degrees were used as corresponding controls (Comparison 4 to Comparison 6, wherein the cutting edge of Comparison 6 had no cutting edge fluctuations). The chip shape, size, and chip discharge were observed, and the drill processing life was determined by the number of drill processing holes. The results are shown in Table 2 below:

表2
Table 2

由上表可以看出，断屑槽的设置对切屑的形状、尺寸具有明显的影响，相比于对照，设置断屑槽可控制切屑的形状和大小，提高锋利度，形成细小切屑，易于排出，在更小的螺旋角设置下，排屑距离缩短，切屑与工件之间的摩擦降低，上表中的排屑距离，即为螺旋槽螺旋线的长度。通过设置断屑槽保证了小螺旋角下钻头的锋利值，切削更加轻快，定心更加稳定，切削阻力和扭力更小，钻头不易折断，寿命提高。As can be seen from the table above, the setting of the chip breaker has a significant effect on the shape and size of the chips. Compared with the control, the setting of the chip breaker can control the shape and size of the chips, improve the sharpness, form fine chips, and make them easy to discharge. At a smaller helix angle setting, the chip removal distance is shortened, and the friction between the chips and the workpiece is reduced. The chip removal distance in the table above is the length of the spiral line of the spiral groove. By setting the chip breaker, the sharpness of the drill bit at a small helix angle is guaranteed, the cutting is lighter, the centering is more stable, the cutting resistance and torque are smaller, the drill bit is not easy to break, and the service life is increased.

实施例4中三刃钻心厚大，为50％，钻头刚性更好，克服了三刃钻容易折断的问题，加工效率明显提高，加工寿命在2600个以上，而对比4的三刃钻，其心厚为20％，钻头刚性差，易折断。In Example 4, the three-edge drill has a thick core of 50%, and the drill bit has better rigidity, which overcomes the problem of the three-edge drill being easily broken. The processing efficiency is significantly improved, and the processing life is more than 2,600. In contrast, the three-edge drill of Comparative Example 4 has a core thickness of 20%, poor drill bit rigidity, and is easily broken.

实施例6中设置波浪形起伏的刃口起伏和槽底起伏，切屑尺寸进一步减小，且波浪形起伏时，刚性最好，应力最小，钻头寿命进一步提高。 In Example 6, wavy undulations of the cutting edge and the groove bottom are provided, and the chip size is further reduced. Moreover, when the wavy undulations are provided, the rigidity is the best, the stress is the minimum, and the life of the drill bit is further improved.

实施例7Example 7

本实施例提供一种具有螺旋槽的整体硬质合金材质钻头，为深孔钻，其和实施例1大体一致，区别在于，所述导向部分的长径比为10，所述螺旋槽的角度为10度，心厚为钻头直径的30％。This embodiment provides a solid carbide drill with a spiral groove, which is a deep hole drill. It is generally the same as Example 1, except that the aspect ratio of the guide part is 10, the angle of the spiral groove is 10 degrees, and the core thickness is 30% of the drill diameter.

实施例8Example 8

本实施例提供一种具有螺旋槽的整体硬质合金材质钻头，为深孔钻，其和实施例1大体一致，区别在于，所述导向部分的长径比为30，所述螺旋槽的角度为10度，心厚为钻头直径的30％。This embodiment provides a solid carbide drill with a spiral groove, which is a deep hole drill, which is generally the same as Example 1, except that the aspect ratio of the guide part is 30, the angle of the spiral groove is 10 degrees, and the core thickness is 30% of the drill diameter.

实施例9Example 9

本实施例提供一种具有螺旋槽的整体硬质合金材质钻头，为深孔钻，其和实施例1大体一致，区别在于，所述导向部分的长径比为50，所述螺旋槽的角度为10度，心厚为钻头直径的30％。This embodiment provides a solid carbide drill with a spiral groove, which is a deep hole drill, which is generally the same as Example 1, except that the aspect ratio of the guide part is 50, the angle of the spiral groove is 10 degrees, and the core thickness is 30% of the drill diameter.

切削试验Cutting test

采用实施例7至9的整体硬质合金材质深孔钻头，对42GrMo钢材进行孔加工试验，以未设置断屑槽、螺旋角为30度的同型号钻头作为相应对照(对比7至对比9)，观察切屑形状、尺寸、切屑排出情况，并以钻头加工孔的数量测定钻头加工寿命，结果如下表3所示：The solid carbide deep hole drill bits of Examples 7 to 9 were used to perform hole processing tests on 42GrMo steel. The same type of drill bits without chip breaker grooves and a helix angle of 30 degrees were used as corresponding controls (Comparison 7 to Comparison 9). The chip shape, size, and chip discharge were observed, and the drill processing life was measured by the number of drill processing holes. The results are shown in Table 3 below:

表3
Table 3

由上表可以看出，对于大长径比的深孔钻，通过断屑槽可以设置更小的螺旋角以保证钻头更高的强度和刚度，断屑槽保证了小螺旋角下钻头的锋利值，定心更加稳定，切削更加轻快，通过断屑槽的卷屑断屑作用形成细小切屑，在更小的螺旋角设置下，排屑距离缩短，切屑与工件之间的摩擦降低，易于排出，设置断屑槽同时满足了深孔钻的排屑需求和强度、刚度需求。通过设置断屑槽切削阻力和扭力更小，钻头寿命得到明显提高，长径比达到50时，相对于未设置断屑槽，加工寿命提高2倍以上。As can be seen from the table above, for deep hole drills with large aspect ratios, a smaller helix angle can be set through the chip breaker to ensure higher strength and rigidity of the drill. The chip breaker ensures the sharpness of the drill at a small helix angle, makes centering more stable, and makes cutting easier. The chip rolling and chip breaking effect of the chip breaker forms fine chips. When the helix angle is set to a smaller value, the chip removal distance is shortened, and the friction between the chips and the workpiece is reduced, making them easier to remove. The chip breaker can simultaneously meet the chip removal requirements and strength and rigidity requirements of deep hole drills. By setting the chip breaker to reduce cutting resistance and torque, the life of the drill is significantly improved. When the aspect ratio reaches 50, the processing life is more than doubled compared to when the chip breaker is not set.

实施例10Example 10

本实施例提供一种和实施例7一致的深孔钻，所述导向部分的长径比为10，钻头直径为10mm，所述螺旋槽的角度为10度，心厚为钻头直径的30％。This embodiment provides a deep hole drill consistent with Embodiment 7, wherein the aspect ratio of the guide portion is 10, the drill diameter is 10 mm, the angle of the spiral groove is 10 degrees, and the core thickness is 30% of the drill diameter.

实施例11Embodiment 11

本实施例提供一种深孔钻，其和实施例10区别在于，所述导向部分的长径比为30，心厚为钻头直径的40％。This embodiment provides a deep hole drill, which differs from Embodiment 10 in that the aspect ratio of the guide portion is 30, and the core thickness is 40% of the drill bit diameter.

实施例12Example 12

本实施例提供一种深孔钻，其和实施例10区别在于，所述导向部分的长径比为50，心厚为钻头直径的50％。This embodiment provides a deep hole drill, which differs from Embodiment 10 in that the aspect ratio of the guide portion is 50, and the core thickness is 50% of the drill bit diameter.

切削试验Cutting test

采用实施例10至12的整体硬质合金材质深孔钻头，对42GrMo钢材进行孔加工试验，以未设置断屑槽、螺旋角为30度、心厚分别为30％、20％、20％的同型号钻头作为相应对照(对比10至对比12)，观察切屑形状、尺寸、切屑排出情况，并测定钻头的折断率(以每百支折断率计)，结果如下表4所示：The solid carbide deep hole drill bits of Examples 10 to 12 were used to perform hole processing tests on 42GrMo steel. The same type of drill bits without chip breaker grooves, with a helix angle of 30 degrees and a core thickness of 30%, 20%, and 20% were used as corresponding controls (Comparison 10 to Comparison 12). The chip shape, size, and chip discharge were observed, and the breakage rate of the drill bits (measured in terms of breakage rate per 100 pieces) was measured. The results are shown in Table 4 below:

表4

Table 4

由上表可以看出，对于大长径比的深孔钻，通过断屑槽的卷屑断屑作用形成细小切屑，提高切屑的均匀性，使切屑易于排出，并使得深孔钻可以设置更小的螺旋角和更大的心厚，更小的螺旋角缩短排屑距离，降低切屑与工件之间的摩擦，使深孔钻排屑顺畅，更大的心厚增强了深孔钻头的刚性和强度，加上锋利值提高使切削阻力和扭力减小，定心稳定，钻头不易折断。随着钻头长径比提高，每百支折断率的差异越明显，长径比达到50时，未设置断屑槽的钻头心厚小，每百支折断率极高，达到50-60支，而采用本申请的技术方案，则从多个角度改善了钻头的切削性能，每百支折断率极低，仅为12-15支，有效解决具有螺旋槽的钻头在排屑、刃口锋利度、钻头强度之间的矛盾，满足深孔钻的排屑需求和强度、刚度需求。It can be seen from the above table that for deep hole drills with a large aspect ratio, fine chips are formed through the chip rolling and breaking effect of the chip breaker, which improves the uniformity of the chips and makes them easy to discharge. The deep hole drill can be set with a smaller helix angle and a larger core thickness. The smaller helix angle shortens the chip removal distance, reduces the friction between the chips and the workpiece, and makes the deep hole drill chip removal smoother. The larger core thickness enhances the rigidity and strength of the deep hole drill bit. In addition, the increased sharpness reduces the cutting resistance and torque, stabilizes the centering, and the drill bit is not easy to break. As the aspect ratio of the drill bit increases, the difference in the breakage rate per 100 drill bits becomes more obvious. When the aspect ratio reaches 50, the drill bit without a chip breaker groove has a small core thickness and an extremely high breakage rate per 100 drill bits, reaching 50-60 drill bits. The technical solution of the present application improves the cutting performance of the drill bit from multiple angles, with an extremely low breakage rate of only 12-15 drill bits per 100 drill bits, effectively solving the contradiction between chip removal, cutting edge sharpness, and drill bit strength for a drill bit with a spiral groove, and meeting the chip removal requirements and strength and rigidity requirements of deep hole drilling.

以上所述仅是本公开的示范性实施方式，而非用于限制本公开的保护范围，本公开的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。 The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. The protection scope of the present disclosure is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

A drill bit with a spiral groove, comprising a cutting portion, an optional guide portion and an optional tool holder, wherein the cutting portion has a cutting edge and a spiral groove corresponding to the cutting edge, wherein the cutting edge has a rake face, a flank face and a cutting edge formed by the intersection of the rake face and the flank face, wherein the rake face forms a first rake angle at each position of the cutting edge, and wherein:

A chip breaker groove is provided on the front cutting edge, the chip breaker groove extends in the length direction along the direction of the cutting edge, and the chip breaker groove has a groove surface close to the cutting edge, so that the groove surface of the chip breaker groove close to the cutting edge forms a second front angle, and the second front angle is greater than the corresponding first front angle,

The chip breaker groove has a groove surface away from the cutting edge for curling the chips in the cutting direction.

The drill bit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the spiral groove extends into the guide portion, and the aspect ratio of the guide portion is greater than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 50, greater than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 45, greater than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 40, and greater than or equal to 15 and less than or equal to 35.

The drill bit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the angle of the spiral groove is 0 to 30 degrees, 5 to 10 degrees, 10 to 20 degrees, or 7 to 25 degrees.

The drill bit according to claim 3 is characterized in that the core thickness of the drill bit is 30% to 50%, 32% to 45%, 33% to 42%, 35% to 40%, 36% to 38% of the drill bit diameter.

The drill bit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drill bit with spiral grooves is made of solid carbide.

The drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove surface close to the cutting edge and/or the groove surface away from the cutting edge is a wavy surface.

The drill bit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cutting edge has cutting edge undulations, and the bottom of the chip breaker groove has groove bottom undulations corresponding to the cutting edge undulations, so that the chips are subjected to curling force in the extending direction of the cutting edge.

The drill bit according to claim 7 is characterized in that the cutting edge undulation is a wave-like undulation.

The drill bit according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the drill bit with spiral grooves has 2 or 3 cutting edges.

The drill bit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the drill bit also has a chisel edge, and the chip breaker groove extends to the chisel edge.

The drill bit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the chip breaker groove is prepared by a processing method that does not cause thermal damage.

The drill bit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the chip breaker groove is prepared by a femtosecond pulse laser processing method.

A method for preparing a drill bit with a spiral groove according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the drill bit with a spiral groove comprises a cutting portion, an optional guide portion and an optional tool holder, the cutting portion has a cutting edge and a spiral groove corresponding to the cutting edge, the cutting edge has a rake face, a flank face and a cutting edge formed by the intersection of the rake face and the flank face, the rake face forms a first rake angle at each position of the cutting edge, characterized in that the method comprises:

A chip breaker groove is formed on the front cutting edge, and the chip breaker groove extends in the length direction along the direction of the cutting edge. The chip breaker groove has a groove surface close to the cutting edge, so that the groove surface of the chip breaker groove close to the cutting edge forms a second front angle, and the second front angle is greater than the corresponding first front angle.

The method according to claim 13 is characterized in that the chip breaker groove is prepared by a processing method that does not cause thermal damage.

The method according to claim 13 is characterized in that the chip breaker is prepared by a femtosecond pulse laser processing method.