WO2024259783A1 - Detection, starting and pressure relief all-in-one fire extinguishing apparatus, fire extinguishing method, and pressure relief method - Google Patents

Abstract

A detection, starting and pressure relief all-in-one fire extinguishing apparatus, comprising a housing (1). A fire extinguishing agent (2) is provided in the housing; a nozzle (3) is formed at the front end of the shell; a coolant (9) is further arranged between the top surface of the fire extinguishing agent and the nozzle; the end face of the fire extinguishing agent comes into contact with an igniter (4); a starting wire (4.1) of the igniter extends out of the front end of the housing and is connected to an output end of a piezoelectric ceramic (5); the piezoelectric ceramic is mounted in a pressure relief slot (6) at the front end of the housing; an impact detection device (7) is arranged above the piezoelectric ceramic. By means of a mounting cylinder, the piezoelectric ceramic and the impact detection device which are arranged in the area where the pressure relief slot is located, the detection, starting and pressure relief functions are integrated in a small area, the structure is simple, detection is sensitive, and starting is safe.

Description

A fire extinguishing device with detection, activation and pressure relief and a method for extinguishing and releasing fire Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of fire fighting technology, and in particular to a detection, activation and pressure relief integrated fire extinguishing device and a fire extinguishing and pressure relief method.

Background Art

At present, with the continuous development of the energy storage industry, energy storage stations and energy storage battery boxes are also constantly iterating and updating. From a general perspective, it is not difficult to see that the interior of current energy storage stations and battery PACKs is becoming more and more compact. Traditional fire extinguishing devices installed in energy storage stations or battery PACKs often require the addition of special detection devices.

Some aerosol fire extinguishing devices use thermal wires as detection and activation structures, which can avoid the need for additional electronic detection equipment. However, thermal wires themselves are dangerous and environmentally polluting, so a corresponding activation mechanism is needed to solve this problem.

Aerosol fire extinguishing devices mainly extinguish fires by generating a large amount of gas and aerosol fire extinguishing materials after the aerosol generator is activated. The speed of generating gas and fire extinguishing materials depends on the activation area of the aerosol generator. However, as the volume of the fire extinguishing device continues to decrease, the internal pressure of the aerosol fire extinguishing device also increases. In this environment, the activation area of the aerosol generator will change due to the high pressure, causing a sudden increase in the internal pressure of the fire extinguishing device. Therefore, it is also necessary to design a pressure relief device to solve this problem.

In addition, in existing aerosol fire extinguishing devices, such as CN2023200802967 - a fire extinguishing device with a start protector, the starting components are all installed at the rear end of the shell. Therefore, when installing the ignition head, the starting wire of the ignition head needs to be passed along the fire extinguishing agent to the rear end of the shell to connect the starting component. This installation method makes the starting wire threading process complicated, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and affects the production efficiency of the fire extinguishing device.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a detection-starting-pressure-relief integrated fire extinguishing device and a fire extinguishing and pressure-relieving method to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a detection-starting and pressure-relieving integrated fire extinguishing device, comprising a shell, a fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the shell, a nozzle is opened at the front end of the shell, and a coolant is also arranged between the top surface of the fire extinguishing agent and the nozzle; the end surface of the fire extinguishing agent is in contact with an ignition head, the starting line of the ignition head passes through the front end of the shell and is connected to the output end of the piezoelectric ceramic, the piezoelectric ceramic is installed in the pressure relief groove at the front end of the shell, and a detection and knocking device is provided above the piezoelectric ceramic.

Preferably, the detection and knocking device cooperates with the pressure relief groove through an installation cylinder, the outer side of the installation cylinder contacts the inner side of the pressure relief groove, and a piezoelectric ceramic is arranged below the inner side of the installation cylinder.

Preferably, the detection and knocking device includes a strike rod arranged above the inner side of the mounting cylinder, the upper side of the strike rod slidingly cooperates with the top of the mounting cylinder, a fusible part in contact with the top of the mounting cylinder is horizontally penetrated in the strike rod, a limiting strike disk is provided at the bottom of the strike rod, a compression spring is provided between the upper surface of the strike disk and the top of the mounting cylinder, and the compression spring is penetrated through the surface of the strike rod.

Preferably, the lower surface of the impact disk is in contact with a safety pin, and the safety pin is transversely penetrated through the side of the mounting cylinder.

Preferably, the fusible element is a bismuth-tin low melting point alloy.

Preferably, the ignition head is a bridgeless ignition head, which is embedded in an ignition powder bag, and the ignition powder bag is provided with an aerosol generator powder; the fire extinguishing agent is an aerosol generator powder or a powder column structure formed by pressing the aerosol generator powder.

Preferably, a partition net is provided on both the upper side and the lower side of the coolant, and a support is provided between the bottom of the partition net on the lower side and the top surface of the fire extinguishing agent.

Preferably, the front end of the shell is threadably matched with the front cover, a nozzle and a pressure relief groove are provided on the front cover, a step for limiting the piezoelectric ceramic is provided in the pressure relief groove, and a diaphragm is provided on the surface of the nozzle.

The present invention discloses a fire extinguishing method of the above-mentioned detection, activation and pressure relief integrated fire extinguishing device, which comprises the following steps:

S1: Before the fire extinguishing device is put into use, remove the safety pin first to put the detection and knocking device into a ready-to-be-activated state;

S2: When a fire occurs, the fusible element melts due to the heat, thereby releasing the limiting effect on the impact rod. Under the action of the compression spring force, the impact rod moves downward and drives the impact disk to impact the piezoelectric ceramic;

S3: The piezoelectric ceramic starts up after being impacted and generates an induced current, which is transmitted to the ignition head through the starting wire to make it work, thereby igniting the fire extinguishing agent;

S4: The fire extinguishing agent burns to produce fire extinguishing material, which then passes through the coolant and is ejected from the nozzle position to carry out the fire extinguishing process.

The present invention discloses a pressure relief method for the above-mentioned fire extinguishing device with detection, activation and pressure relief, which comprises the following steps:

S1: During the fire extinguishing process, if the pressure inside the shell increases suddenly due to abnormality, the installation cylinder and piezoelectric ceramics will be separated from the pressure relief groove upwards under the action of air pressure;

S2: Gas is ejected from the pressure relief groove to achieve pressure relief function;

S3: During the upward movement of the piezoelectric ceramic, the ignition head is driven upward through the starter wire. When the ignition head moves up to contact the lower partition, the partition is driven upward together;

S4: The partition moves upward and gradually compresses the coolant. The gradually compressed coolant forms a buffer for the partition. After the partition stops moving, the ignition head is also blocked and stops moving. Then, the piezoelectric ceramics are pulled to stop moving through the starting line, preventing the piezoelectric ceramics and the installation cylinder from spraying out and causing a safety accident.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The invention uses an installation cylinder, piezoelectric ceramics and a detection and knocking device arranged in the area where the pressure relief groove is located to detect and start the pressure relief groove. The invention integrates the functions of starter wire and pressure relief in a relatively small area, and has a simple structure, sensitive detection and safe start-up. In the case of an abnormal sudden increase in pressure, the piezoelectric ceramic and the mounting cylinder can be ejected in time to expose the pressure relief groove, thereby realizing the pressure relief process. In addition, during the installation process, the upper end of the starter wire passes upward from the pressure relief groove of the front cover and is connected to the output end of the piezoelectric ceramic installed in the pressure relief groove. The starter wire threading process is simple. At the same time, the starter wire of the invention also serves as a protective wire during the pressure relief process to prevent the piezoelectric ceramic and the mounting cylinder from ejecting and causing safety accidents.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection-activated pressure-relief integrated fire extinguishing device;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged structural diagram of the area where the knock detection device in FIG. 1 is located.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a detection-starting and pressure-relieving integrated fire extinguishing device comprises a shell 1, a fire extinguishing agent 2 is arranged in the shell 1, a nozzle 3 is opened at the front end of the shell 1, and a coolant 9 is also arranged between the top surface of the fire extinguishing agent 2 and the nozzle 3; the end surface of the fire extinguishing agent 2 is in contact with an ignition head 4, a starting line 4.1 of the ignition head 4 passes through the front end of the shell 1 and is connected to the output end of a piezoelectric ceramic 5, the piezoelectric ceramic 5 is installed in a pressure relief groove 6 at the front end of the shell 1, and a detection knocking device 7 is arranged above the piezoelectric ceramic 5.

Preferably, the detection knocking device 7 cooperates with the pressure relief groove 6 through the installation cylinder 8, the outer side of the installation cylinder 8 contacts the inner side of the pressure relief groove 6, and the piezoelectric ceramic 5 is arranged below the inner side of the installation cylinder 8. In this embodiment, the installation cylinder 8 can play three roles: first, it can facilitate the installation process of the detection knocking device 7 in the pressure relief groove 6; second, it can facilitate the position limiting of the piezoelectric ceramic 5; and third, it can facilitate the piezoelectric ceramic 5 and the installation cylinder 8 to be separated from the pressure relief groove 6 during the pressure relief process, thereby exposing the pressure relief channel.

Preferably, the detection and knocking device 7 includes a striking rod 7.1 arranged on the upper inner side of the mounting cylinder 8, the upper side of the striking rod 7.1 is slidably matched with the top of the mounting cylinder 8, a fusible part 7.2 in contact with the top of the mounting cylinder 8 is horizontally penetrated in the striking rod 7.1, a limiting striking disk 7.3 is provided at the bottom of the striking rod 7.1, a compression spring 7.4 is provided between the upper surface of the striking disk 7.3 and the top of the mounting cylinder 8, and the compression spring 7.4 is penetrated through the surface of the striking rod 7.1.

Preferably, the lower surface of the impact plate 7.3 is in contact with the safety pin 7.5, and the safety pin 7.5 is transversely penetrated through the side of the installation cylinder 8.

In the above technical solution, before the fire extinguishing device is put into use, the safety pin 7.5 is first pulled out, so that the detection knocking device 7 is in a state of waiting to be triggered; during the starting process, when a fire occurs, the fusible element 7.2 is heated and melted, thereby releasing the limiting effect on the impact rod 7.1, and under the action of the elastic force of the compression spring 7.4, the impact rod 7.1 moves downward and drives the impact plate 7.3 to impact the piezoelectric ceramic 5; the piezoelectric ceramic 5 is started after being impacted and generates an induced current, which is transmitted to the ignition head through the starting line 4.1 4 makes it work, thereby igniting the fire extinguishing agent 2 and completing the entire starting process.

Preferably, the fusible element 7.2 is a bismuth-tin low melting point alloy. In this embodiment, the fusible element 7.2 is a bismuth-tin low melting point alloy, and its melting point is about 70-150°C. When a fire occurs, it is easy to melt, which is equivalent to a fire detector;

Preferably, the ignition head 4 is a bridgeless ignition head, which is embedded in an ignition powder bag 12, and an aerosol generating agent powder is provided in the ignition powder bag 12; the fire extinguishing agent 2 is an aerosol generating agent powder or a powder column structure formed by pressing the aerosol generating agent powder. The ignition head 4 adopts a bridgeless ignition head. Since there is a certain gap between the two ignition wires of the bridgeless ignition head, arc jumping will occur after providing a certain current (or induced current) to start the contacting ignition powder. In this embodiment, the ignition powder bag 12 is used as the ignition powder, which embeds the ignition head 4 therein. After the ignition head 4 is started, the aerosol generating agent in the ignition powder bag 12 is ignited, thereby quickly generating heat and igniting the nearby fire extinguishing agent 2, which greatly increases the probability of the ignition head 4 starting successfully. In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent 2 is an aerosol generating agent, which can be in two states. One is a powdered state, which burns more violently and produces gas quickly. The other is a pressed column structure, which burns more steadily and produces gas steadily. In actual production, it can be selected according to actual conditions.

Preferably, a partition net 10 is provided on both the upper and lower sides of the coolant 9, and a support member 11 is provided between the bottom of the partition net 10 on the lower side and the top surface of the fire extinguishing agent 2. The coolant 9 can cool down the high-temperature fire extinguishing material generated by the ignition of the fire extinguishing agent 2 to prevent the temperature ejected from the nozzle 3 from being too high. In this embodiment, the coolant 9 itself is granular, so the partition nets 10 on the upper and lower sides can play a limiting role. In this embodiment, there is no fixed connection between the partition net 10 and the inner wall of the shell 1, but only maintains a contact state with the inner wall of the shell 1. In addition, the support member 11 can prevent the partition net 10 on the lower side from directly pressing the area where the ignition head 4 is located, thereby preventing it from affecting its ignition process and causing ignition failure.

Preferably, the front end of the housing 1 is threadedly matched with the front cover 1.1, and the front cover 1.1 is provided with a nozzle 3 and a pressure relief groove 6. The pressure relief groove 6 is also provided with a step for limiting the piezoelectric ceramic 5, and a diaphragm is provided on the surface of the nozzle 3. After the step is provided in the pressure relief groove 6, the installation process of the piezoelectric ceramic 5 can be facilitated, and the top surface of the step can also limit the bottom of the installation cylinder 8; after the diaphragm is provided on the surface of the nozzle 3, it can prevent moisture in the air from entering the housing 1 through the nozzle 3 during the normal storage and transportation of the fire extinguishing device, causing the fire extinguishing agent 2 to absorb moisture. In addition, during the fire extinguishing process, when the air pressure inside the housing 1 increases, it is easy to break the diaphragm, which does not affect the normal spraying process of the nozzle 3.

In addition, the present invention also discloses a method for installing the above-mentioned fire extinguishing device with integrated detection, activation and pressure relief, which comprises the following steps:

S1: Open the front cover 1.1 at the front end of the housing 1, load the fire extinguishing agent 2 into the housing 1, then install the ignition head 4 on the top surface of the fire extinguishing agent 2, and pull the start line 4.1 upward, and then set the coolant 9 on the top of the fire extinguishing agent 2;

S2: The upper end of the start wire 4.1 passes upward through the pressure relief groove 6 of the front cover 1.1 and is connected to the output end of the piezoelectric ceramic 5 installed in the pressure relief groove 6;

S3: Fix the front cover 1.1 to the front end of the housing 1, insert the mounting cylinder 8 into the gap between the outer surface of the piezoelectric ceramic 5 and the inner surface of the pressure relief groove 6, and then install the detection and knocking device 7 on the upper side of the mounting cylinder 8.

The present invention discloses a fire extinguishing method of the above-mentioned detection, activation and pressure relief integrated fire extinguishing device, which comprises the following steps:

S1: Before the fire extinguishing device is put into use, the safety pin 7.5 is first pulled out to put the detection knocking device 7 in a ready-to-be-activated state;

S2: When a fire occurs, the fusible element 7.2 is heated and melted, thereby releasing the limiting effect on the impact rod 7.1. Under the action of the elastic force of the compression spring 7.4, the impact rod 7.1 moves downward and drives the impact plate 7.3 to impact the piezoelectric ceramic 5;

S3: The piezoelectric ceramic 5 is activated after being impacted and generates an induced current, which is transmitted to the ignition head 4 through the starter wire 4.1 to make it work, thereby igniting the fire extinguishing agent 2;

S4: The fire extinguishing agent 2 burns to produce fire extinguishing material, which then passes through the coolant 9 and is ejected from the nozzle 3 to perform the fire extinguishing process.

The present invention discloses a pressure relief method for the above-mentioned fire extinguishing device with detection, activation and pressure relief, which comprises the following steps:

S1: During the fire extinguishing process, if the pressure in the housing 1 increases suddenly due to abnormality, the mounting cylinder 8 and the piezoelectric ceramic 5 are separated upward from the pressure relief groove 6 under the action of the air pressure;

S2: Gas is ejected from the pressure relief groove 6 to achieve the pressure relief function;

S3: During the upward movement of the piezoelectric ceramic 5, the ignition head 4 is driven to move upward through the start line 4.1. When the ignition head 4 moves upward to contact the partition 10 on the lower side, the partition 10 is driven to move upward together;

S4: The partition 10 moves upward and gradually compresses the coolant 9. The gradually compressed coolant 9 forms a buffer for the partition 10. After the partition 10 stops moving, the ignition head 4 is also blocked and stops moving, and then the piezoelectric ceramic 5 is pulled to stop moving through the starter wire 4.1, preventing the piezoelectric ceramic 5 and the mounting cylinder 8 from spraying out and causing a safety accident. In this step, the gradually compressed coolant 9 forms a buffer for the partition 10, which can prevent the partition 10 from moving too fast and breaking the starter wire 4.1.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations of the present invention. The embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

A detection-starting-pressure-relief integrated fire extinguishing device comprises a shell (1), a fire extinguishing agent (2) is arranged in the shell (1), a nozzle (3) is provided at the front end of the shell (1), and a coolant (9) is provided between the top surface of the fire extinguishing agent (2) and the nozzle (3); the device is characterized in that the end surface of the fire extinguishing agent (2) contacts an ignition head (4), a start line (4.1) of the ignition head (4) passes through the front end of the shell (1) and is connected to the output end of a piezoelectric ceramic (5), the piezoelectric ceramic (5) is installed in a pressure relief groove (6) at the front end of the shell (1), and a detection knocking device (7) is provided above the piezoelectric ceramic (5). According to the detection-activated pressure-relief integrated fire extinguishing device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the detection knocking device (7) cooperates with the pressure relief groove (6) through the installation cylinder (8), the outer side of the installation cylinder (8) contacts the inner side of the pressure relief groove (6), and a piezoelectric ceramic (5) is arranged below the inner side of the installation cylinder (8). According to claim 2, a detection-activated pressure-relief integrated fire extinguishing device is characterized in that: the detection knocking device (7) includes a striker rod (7.1) arranged on the upper inner side of the mounting cylinder (8), the upper side of the striker rod (7.1) is slidably matched with the top of the mounting cylinder (8), a fusible element (7.2) in contact with the top of the mounting cylinder (8) is horizontally penetrated in the striker rod (7.1), a limiting striker disk (7.3) is provided at the bottom of the striker rod (7.1), a compression spring (7.4) is provided between the upper surface of the striker disk (7.3) and the top of the mounting cylinder (8), and the compression spring (7.4) is penetrated on the surface of the striker rod (7.1). The detection-activated pressure-relief integrated fire extinguishing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that the lower surface of the impact plate (7.3) contacts the safety pin (7.5), and the safety pin (7.5) is transversely penetrated through the side of the mounting cylinder (8). The detection-activated pressure-relief integrated fire extinguishing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that the fusible component (7.2) is a bismuth-tin low-melting-point alloy. According to the detection-starting-pressure-relief-integrated fire extinguishing device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the ignition head (4) is a bridgeless ignition head, which is embedded in an ignition powder bag (12), and the ignition powder bag (12) is provided with an aerosol generating agent powder; the fire extinguishing agent (2) is an aerosol generating agent powder or a powder column structure formed by pressing the aerosol generating agent powder. According to the detection-activated pressure-relief integrated fire extinguishing device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: a partition net (10) is provided on the upper and lower sides of the coolant (9), and a support member (11) is provided between the bottom of the partition net (10) on the lower side and the top surface of the fire extinguishing agent (2). According to the detection-activated pressure-relief integrated fire extinguishing device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the front end of the shell (1) is threadedly matched with the front cover (1.1), the front cover (1.1) is provided with a nozzle (3) and a pressure relief groove (6), the pressure relief groove (6) is also provided with a step for limiting the piezoelectric ceramic (5), and a diaphragm is provided on the surface of the nozzle (3). A fire extinguishing method of the detection, activation and pressure relief integrated fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1: Before the fire extinguishing device is put into use, the safety pin (7.5) is first pulled out to put the detection knocking device (7) into a ready-to-be-activated state; S2: When a fire occurs, the fusible element (7.2) is heated and melts, thereby releasing the limiting effect on the impact rod (7.1). Under the action of the elastic force of the compression spring (7.4), the impact rod (7.1) moves downward and drives the impact plate (7.3) to impact the piezoelectric ceramic (5); S3: The piezoelectric ceramic (5) is activated after being impacted and generates an induced current, which is conducted to the ignition head (4) through the starter wire (4.1) to make it work, thereby igniting the fire extinguishing agent (2); S4: The fire extinguishing agent (2) burns to produce fire extinguishing material, which then passes through the coolant (9) and is ejected from the nozzle (3) to carry out the fire extinguishing process. A pressure relief method for a fire extinguishing device with detection, activation and pressure relief as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1: During the fire extinguishing process, if the pressure in the housing (1) increases abnormally, the mounting cylinder (8) and the piezoelectric ceramic (5) are separated upward from the pressure relief groove (6) under the action of the gas pressure; S2: Gas is ejected from the pressure relief groove (6) to achieve the pressure relief function; S3: During the upward movement of the piezoelectric ceramic (5), the ignition head (4) is driven to move upward through the start line (4.1). When the ignition head (4) moves upward to contact the partition net (10) on the lower side, the partition net (10) is driven to move upward together; S4: The partition (10) moves upward and gradually compresses the coolant (9). The gradually compressed coolant (9) forms a buffer for the partition (10). After the partition (10) stops moving, the ignition head (4) is also blocked and stops moving, and then the piezoelectric ceramic (5) is pulled to stop moving through the start line (4.1), thereby preventing the piezoelectric ceramic (5) and the installation cylinder (8) from spraying out and causing a safety accident.