WO2024251918A1 - Device for inductively heating metal - Google Patents
Device for inductively heating metal Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024251918A1 WO2024251918A1 PCT/EP2024/065677 EP2024065677W WO2024251918A1 WO 2024251918 A1 WO2024251918 A1 WO 2024251918A1 EP 2024065677 W EP2024065677 W EP 2024065677W WO 2024251918 A1 WO2024251918 A1 WO 2024251918A1
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- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- molten metal
- fill level
- melting
- partition wall
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/04—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces of multiple-hearth type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of hearth-type furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
- F27B14/061—Induction furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
- F27D2099/0015—Induction heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
- F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for inductive heating of metal, in particular for inductive heating of a molten metal, wherein the device has at least one melting chamber with at least one inductor, a material feed and a chamber for the molten metal.
- a device for inductive heating of metal in particular for inductive heating of a molten metal
- the device has at least one melting chamber with at least one inductor, a material feed and a chamber for the molten metal.
- Such a device is also referred to as a multi-chamber melting furnace.
- a multi-chamber melting furnace for melting metal scrap in particular aluminum scrap, has become known, which has a melting chamber for charging material in which impurities on the charging material can be removed.
- the multi-chamber melting furnace also has a heating chamber which is connected to the at least one melting chamber and has a device for supplying heat.
- a charging hearth is known for charging the multi-chamber melting furnace with scrap, via which the metal scrap is fed.
- DE 15 83 460 Al has disclosed a channel inductor which is arranged on the underside of a furnace and heats the melt in the furnace.
- the channel inductor comprises a semicircular channel made of a refractory material which has an inlet and an outlet section and is filled with liquid metal during operation.
- An alternating current flows through an induction coil of the inductor and initiates eddy currents in the molten metal, which lead to its heating.
- crucible inductors are also known, such as in DE 10 2017 102 924 Al.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing a device for inductive heating of a metal melt, which continuously and can supply a downstream production plant with a metal melt without interruption.
- the device according to the invention is intended and designed for inductive heating of a molten metal.
- the device has at least one melting chamber with at least one inductor, a material feed and a discharge chamber for the molten metal.
- the discharge chamber has a transfer section which is designed to discharge liquid molten metal to a downstream unit.
- the material feed supplies material in response to a fill level signal of the melting chamber, wherein a fill level measuring device is provided which detects a fill level of the molten metal and controls the material feed with the fill level signal when the fill level falls below a predetermined minimum fill level.
- the solution to the problem according to the invention is based on the knowledge that a continuous and uninterrupted flow of molten metal for a downstream unit is not possible through automated and uniform feeding with material, but can only be achieved with a monitored fill level in the melting furnace and corresponding control of the material feed via a fill level signal. By checking the minimum fill level, it can be ensured that melting and heating processes of varying lengths do not lead to an uneven material flow, but that it remains reliably constant.
- the fill level measuring device controls the material supply in such a way that an approximately constant fill level for the molten metal is present at the transfer section. In particular, when the transfer section is designed as an overflow for the molten metal, an approximately constant fill level is important for a uniform material flow.
- this is a multi-chamber melting furnace in which the individual chambers are separated from one another by partition walls.
- the partition wall extends into the molten metal in such a way that the molten metal does not flow over the surface but rather over the bottom of the chambers under the partition wall into the adjacent chamber.
- the discharge chamber is separated by a first partition wall extending into the molten metal in such a way that the molten metal does not flow over the surface but rather over the bottom of the discharge chamber under the partition wall.
- a second partition wall extending into the molten metal is also provided, which separates the melting chamber.
- a mixing chamber is provided between the discharge chamber and the melting chamber.
- the first partition wall thus separates the mixing chamber from the discharge chamber, while the second partition wall separates the melting chamber from the mixing chamber.
- One or more of the following elements can be provided in the mixing chamber: a stirring unit for the molten metal, a temperature measuring device and a lockable lid.
- a predetermined atmosphere can be generated in the mixing chamber via the lockable lid.
- a supply for purge gas can also be provided at the bottom of the mixing chamber and/or discharge chamber.
- the temperature measuring device can be provided, for example, to control the inductor, which is controlled according to the measured Temperature value is controlled in order to keep the molten metal within a predetermined temperature range.
- the melting chamber is designed with at least one channel inductor which is designed to heat the melting chamber.
- at least one channel inductor which is designed to heat the melting chamber.
- three or more channel inductors are used.
- Each channel inductor can be operated evenly. It is also possible to increase the power of the inductor when new material is fed in via the material feed in order to support the melting process.
- several inductors are provided on the melting chamber in order to provide the required power and to maintain an even heat flow.
- one or more of the chambers can be provided with a suction device in order to remove an atmosphere forming above the molten metal.
- the emergency drain(s) are closed, for example, by a plug or a slide valve.
- the device with its chambers is mounted in a tiltable manner, so that the chambers and in particular the inductor can run empty by tilting the device.
- Fig. 1 a multi-channel melting furnace with a conveyor system for supplying the melt and Fig. 2 shows the multi-chamber melting furnace from Figure 1 with an additional supply for purge gas.
- FIG. 1 shows a multi-chamber melting furnace 10 that is connected to a downstream unit 12.
- the multi-chamber melting furnace 10 has a fireproof lining 14.
- the multi-chamber melting furnace 10 is divided into a melting chamber 16, a mixing chamber 18 and a discharge chamber 20.
- Material is supplied via a conveyor 22, a ramp 24 and a protection of the filling opening 26.
- the feed material for example aluminum scrap, is fed to the melting chamber 16 via the conveyor.
- the melt and the freshly fed metal scrap are heated via a channel inductor 28.
- the protection of the filling opening 26 closes off the space above the melting chamber 16 and allows the metal scrap to pass through the conveyor.
- a cover 30 is provided above the melting chamber 16, which can also be equipped with a suction device, for example.
- the discharge to chamber 20 is separated from the mixing chamber 18 by a first partition wall 30.
- the molten metal can pass from the mixing chamber 18 into the discharge chamber 20 below the partition wall 30 in the area 32.
- the discharge chamber 20 has a transition section 34 via which the molten metal passes to the downstream unit 12.
- the amount of molten metal passed into the downstream unit 12 is regulated by the multi-chamber melting furnace in such a way that a continuous flow is provided which is taken from the downstream unit 12.
- a fill level measuring device 38 is provided in the dispensing chamber 20.
- the fill level measuring device measures contact-free for example optically via light beams 40, in particular laser beams.
- An acoustic measurement, for example by ultrasound, can also be provided as a contactless measuring method of the level measuring device.
- the light beam 40 detects the level of the molten metal at the transfer point 36.
- the transfer point 36 forms a conclusion of the transition section 34.
- the measured level signal controls, for example, the conveyor device 22 to run for a predetermined time and to introduce the feedstock into the melting chamber.
- the mixing chamber 18 is equipped with a stirrer 42.
- the stirrer 42 mixes the molten metal, for example close to the first partition wall 30.
- the temperature measuring device 44 measures the temperature in the molten metal, whereby the measured temperature value can be reported back to the channel inductor 28, for example, in order to control it accordingly.
- the mixing chamber 18 is closed by a cover 46, so that a defined gas atmosphere can form in the mixing chamber 18 above the molten metal.
- the mixing chamber 18 is separated from the melting chamber 16 by a second partition wall 48, so that the molten metal in the region 50 below the second partition wall 48 can pass from the melting chamber 16 into the mixing chamber 18.
- Figure 2 additionally shows a supply of purge gas 52, which can be added to the molten metal in the mixing chamber.
- the overall process in the multi-chamber melting furnace for the continuous and uninterrupted supply of the downstream unit 12 is carried out in such a way that feedstock in the form of ingots and circulating material is fed via the conveyor device 22 or a robot (not shown) is transported into the melting chamber 16.
- the material is introduced into the melt bath as evenly as possible.
- the heat that is transferred from the melt to the submerged material causes it to liquefy.
- the level of the melt bath fluctuates within a working area due to the introduction of new, solid feedstock and the release of molten metal at the transfer point 36.
- the temperature of the molten metal can also be regulated via the temperature measuring device 44 and the inductor 28 can be controlled accordingly taking the fill level into account.
- the necessary melting and heat-holding energy is supplied to the bath in the form of heat by the inductor 28.
- the material passes through the mixing chamber 18 of the melting furnace.
- samples can be taken or additives can be added to the molten metal.
- the bath movement and a homogeneous temperature distribution can also be supported by the stirrer 22.
- the molten metal is transferred at the transfer point 36 to a downstream unit 12, for example a downstream furnace.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Vorrichtung zur induktiven Erwärmung von Metall Device for inductive heating of metal
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur induktiven Erwärmung von Metall, insbesondere zur induktiven Erwärmung einer Metallschmelze, wobei die Vorrichtung mindestens eine Schmelzkammer mit mindestens einem Induktor, eine Materialzufuhr und eine Kammer für die Metallschmelze aufweist. Eine solche Vorrichtung wird auch als Mehrkammerschmelzofen bezeichnet. The present invention relates to a device for inductive heating of metal, in particular for inductive heating of a molten metal, wherein the device has at least one melting chamber with at least one inductor, a material feed and a chamber for the molten metal. Such a device is also referred to as a multi-chamber melting furnace.
Aus DE 10 2021 121 030 Al ist ein Mehrkammerschmelzofen zum Schmelzen von Schrott aus Metall, insbesondere Aluminiumschrott, bekannt geworden, der eine Schmelzkammer für Beschickungsgut besitzt, in der Verunreinigungen am Beschickungsgut entfernt werden können. Der Mehrkammerschmelzofens besitzt weiterhin eine Heizkammer, die mit der wenigstens einen Schmelzkammer verbunden ist und eine Einrichtung zur Wärmezufuhr aufweist. Zur Beschickung des Mehrkammerschmelzofens mit Schrott ist ein Chargierherd bekannt, über den der Metallschrott zugeführt wird. From DE 10 2021 121 030 Al, a multi-chamber melting furnace for melting metal scrap, in particular aluminum scrap, has become known, which has a melting chamber for charging material in which impurities on the charging material can be removed. The multi-chamber melting furnace also has a heating chamber which is connected to the at least one melting chamber and has a device for supplying heat. A charging hearth is known for charging the multi-chamber melting furnace with scrap, via which the metal scrap is fed.
Aus DE 15 83 460 Al ist ein Rinnen-Induktor bekannt geworden, der an der Unterseite eines Ofens angeordnet ist und die sich im Ofen befindliche Schmelze erwärmt. Der Rinnen-Induktor umfasst eine halbkreisförmig verlaufende, aus einem feuerfesten Material gebildete Rinne, die einen Einlass und einen Auslassabschnitt aufweist und im Betrieb mit flüssigem Metall gefüllt ist. Eine Induktionsspule des Induktors wird von Wechselstrom durchflossen und initiiert in der Metallschmelze Wirbelströme, die zur Erwärmung dieser führen. Neben den Rinnen-Induktoren sind auch Tiegel -Induktoren bekannt, wie beispielsweise in DE 10 2017 102 924 Al. DE 15 83 460 Al has disclosed a channel inductor which is arranged on the underside of a furnace and heats the melt in the furnace. The channel inductor comprises a semicircular channel made of a refractory material which has an inlet and an outlet section and is filled with liquid metal during operation. An alternating current flows through an induction coil of the inductor and initiates eddy currents in the molten metal, which lead to its heating. In addition to channel inductors, crucible inductors are also known, such as in DE 10 2017 102 924 Al.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur induktiven Erwärmung einer Metallschmelze bereitzustellen, die kontinuierlich und unterbrechungsfrei eine nachgelagerte Produktionsanlage mit einer Metallschmelze versorgen kann. The present invention is based on the object of providing a device for inductive heating of a metal melt, which continuously and can supply a downstream production plant with a metal melt without interruption.
Erfmdungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen aus Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen bilden den Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. According to the invention, the object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments form the subject matter of the subclaims.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist vorgesehen und ausgebildet zur induktiven Erwärmung einer Metallschmelze. Die Vorrichtung besitzt mindestens eine Schmelzkammer mit mindestens einem Induktor, eine Materi al zufuhr und eine Abgabekammer für die Metallschmelze. Erfmdungsgemäß vorgesehen ist, dass die Abgabekammer einen Übergabeabschnitt aufweist, der zur Abgabe von flüssiger Metallschmelze an ein nachgelagertes Aggregat ausgebildet ist. Ferner ist vorgesehen, dass die Materialzufuhr ansprechend auf ein Füllstandssignal der Schmelzkammer Material zuführt, wobei eine Füllstands-Messeinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die einen Füllstand der Metallschmelze erfasst und die Materialzufuhr mit dem Füllstandssignal ansteuert, wenn der Füllstand einen vorbestimmten Mindestfüllstand unterschreitet. Der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung der Aufgabe liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass ein kontinuierlicher und unterbrechungsfreier Materialfluss an Metallschmelze für ein nachgeordnetes Aggregat nicht durch eine automatisierte und gleichmäßige Beschickung mit Material möglich ist, sondern nur mit einem überwachten Füllstand im Schmelzofen und einer entsprechenden Steuerung der Materialzufuhr über ein Füllstandssignal erzielt werden kann. Durch die Überprüfung des Mindestfüllstands kann sichergestellt werden, dass unterschiedlich lange dauernde Schmelz- und Erwärmungsvorgänge nicht zu einem ungleichmäßigen Materialfluss führen, sondern dieser zuverlässig konstant bleibt. In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung steuert die Füllstands-Messeinrichtung die Materialzufuhr derart an, dass an dem Übergabeabschnitt ein annähernd konstanter Füllstand für die Metallschmelze vorliegt. Insbesondere bei der Ausgestaltung des Übergabeabschnitts als ein Überlauf für die Metallschmelze ist ein annähernd konstanter Füllstand wichtig für einen gleichmäßigen Materialfluss. The device according to the invention is intended and designed for inductive heating of a molten metal. The device has at least one melting chamber with at least one inductor, a material feed and a discharge chamber for the molten metal. According to the invention, the discharge chamber has a transfer section which is designed to discharge liquid molten metal to a downstream unit. It is also provided that the material feed supplies material in response to a fill level signal of the melting chamber, wherein a fill level measuring device is provided which detects a fill level of the molten metal and controls the material feed with the fill level signal when the fill level falls below a predetermined minimum fill level. The solution to the problem according to the invention is based on the knowledge that a continuous and uninterrupted flow of molten metal for a downstream unit is not possible through automated and uniform feeding with material, but can only be achieved with a monitored fill level in the melting furnace and corresponding control of the material feed via a fill level signal. By checking the minimum fill level, it can be ensured that melting and heating processes of varying lengths do not lead to an uneven material flow, but that it remains reliably constant. In a preferred development, the fill level measuring device controls the material supply in such a way that an approximately constant fill level for the molten metal is present at the transfer section. In particular, when the transfer section is designed as an overflow for the molten metal, an approximately constant fill level is important for a uniform material flow.
In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung handelt es sich um einen Mehrkammer- Schmelzofen, bei dem die einzelnen Kammern über Trennwände voneinander getrennt sind. Um Oberflächenoxidation an der Metallschmelze zu vermeiden, reicht die Trennwand in die Metallschmelze derart hinein, dass die Metallschmelze nicht an der Oberfläche, sondern am Grund der Kammern unter der Trennwand in die angrenzende Kammer übertritt. Die Abgabekammer ist über eine erste in die Metallschmelze hineinreichende Trennwand abgetrennt, derart, dass die Metallschmelze nicht an der Oberfläche, sondern am Grund der Abgabekammer unter der Trennwand übertritt. Bevorzugt ist auch eine zweite, in die Metallschmelze hineinreichende Trennwand vorgesehen, die die Schmelzkammer abtrennt. In a preferred development, this is a multi-chamber melting furnace in which the individual chambers are separated from one another by partition walls. In order to avoid surface oxidation on the molten metal, the partition wall extends into the molten metal in such a way that the molten metal does not flow over the surface but rather over the bottom of the chambers under the partition wall into the adjacent chamber. The discharge chamber is separated by a first partition wall extending into the molten metal in such a way that the molten metal does not flow over the surface but rather over the bottom of the discharge chamber under the partition wall. Preferably, a second partition wall extending into the molten metal is also provided, which separates the melting chamber.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist zwischen Abgabekammer und Schmelzkammer eine Mischkammer vorgesehen. Die erste Trennwand trennt also die Mischkammer von der Abgabekammer, während die zweite Trennwand die Schmelzkammer von der Mischkammer trennt. In der Mischkammer können ein oder mehrere der folgenden Elemente vorgesehen sein: Eine Rühreinheit für die Metallschmelze, eine Temperaturmesseinrichtung und ein verschließbarer Deckel. Über den verschließbaren Deckel kann in der Mischkammer eine vorbestimmte Atmosphäre erzeugt werden. Um gezielt auf die Metallschmelze einzuwirken, kann am Grund der Mischkammer und/oder Abgabekammer zudem eine Zufuhr für Spülgas vorgesehen sein. Die Temperaturmesseinrichtung kann beispielsweise zur Ansteuerung des Induktors vorgesehen sein, der entsprechend dem gemessenen Temperaturwert angesteuert wird, um die Metallschmelze innerhalb eines vorbestimmten Temperaturbereichs zu halten. In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist die Schmelzkammer mit mindestens einem Rinnen-Induktor ausgebildet, der zum Erwärmen der Schmelzkammer ausgebildet ist. Bevorzugt werden drei oder mehr Rinnen-Induktoren eingesetzt. Jeder Rinnen-Induktor kann gleichmäßig betrieben werden. Auch ist es möglich, bei der Zufuhr von neuem Material über die Materialzufuhr die Leistung des Induktors zu erhöhen, um den Schmelzvorgang zu unterstützen. An der Schmelzkammer sind bevorzugt mehrere Induktoren vorgesehen, um die benötigte Leistung bereitzustellen und einen gleichmäßigen Wärmefluss zu erhalten. In a preferred embodiment, a mixing chamber is provided between the discharge chamber and the melting chamber. The first partition wall thus separates the mixing chamber from the discharge chamber, while the second partition wall separates the melting chamber from the mixing chamber. One or more of the following elements can be provided in the mixing chamber: a stirring unit for the molten metal, a temperature measuring device and a lockable lid. A predetermined atmosphere can be generated in the mixing chamber via the lockable lid. In order to have a targeted effect on the molten metal, a supply for purge gas can also be provided at the bottom of the mixing chamber and/or discharge chamber. The temperature measuring device can be provided, for example, to control the inductor, which is controlled according to the measured Temperature value is controlled in order to keep the molten metal within a predetermined temperature range. In a preferred embodiment, the melting chamber is designed with at least one channel inductor which is designed to heat the melting chamber. Preferably, three or more channel inductors are used. Each channel inductor can be operated evenly. It is also possible to increase the power of the inductor when new material is fed in via the material feed in order to support the melting process. Preferably, several inductors are provided on the melting chamber in order to provide the required power and to maintain an even heat flow.
In einer weiter bevorzugten Ausgestaltung kann eine oder mehrere der Kammern mit einer Absaugeinrichtung versehen sein, um eine sich oberhalb der Metallschmelze bildende Atmosphäre zu entfernen. In a further preferred embodiment, one or more of the chambers can be provided with a suction device in order to remove an atmosphere forming above the molten metal.
Weiterhin ist vorgesehen, die Vorrichtung mit einem oder mehreren Notablässen auszustatten, die ein schnelles Entfernen der Metallschmelze zulassen. Der oder die Notablässe sind beispielsweise über einen Stopfen oder einen Schieber verschlossen. It is also planned to equip the device with one or more emergency drains that allow the molten metal to be removed quickly. The emergency drain(s) are closed, for example, by a plug or a slide valve.
In einer weiter bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist die Vorrichtung mit ihren Kammern kippbar gelagert, sodass die Kammern und insbesondere der Induktor durch ein Verkippen der Vorrichtung leerlaufen können. In a further preferred embodiment, the device with its chambers is mounted in a tiltable manner, so that the chambers and in particular the inductor can run empty by tilting the device.
Zwei bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden nachfolgend näher beschrieben. Es zeigt: Two preferred embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below. It shows:
Fig. 1 einen Mehrkanalschmelzofen mit einer Fördereinrichtung zur Zufuhr des Schmelzguts und Fig. 2 den Mehrkammerschmelzofen aus Figur 1 mit einer zusätzlichen Zuführung für Spülgas. Fig. 1 a multi-channel melting furnace with a conveyor system for supplying the melt and Fig. 2 shows the multi-chamber melting furnace from Figure 1 with an additional supply for purge gas.
Figur 1 zeigt einen Mehrkammerschmelzofen 10, der an ein nachgelagertes Aggregat 12 angeschlossen ist. Der Mehrkammerschmelzofen 10 besitzt eine feuerfeste Auskleidung 14. Der Mehrkammerschmelzofen 10 ist in eine Schmelzkammer 16, eine Mischkammer 18 und eine Abgabekammer 20 geteilt. Eine Materialzufuhr erfolgt über eine Fördereinrichtung 22, eine Rampe 24 sowie einen Schutz der Einfüllöffnung 26. Über die Fördereinrichtung wird das Einsatzgut, beispielsweise Aluminiumschrott, der Schmelzkammer 16 zugeführt. In der Schmelzkammer 16 wird die Schmelze sowie der frisch zugeführte Metallschrott über einen Rinnen-Induktor 28 erwärmt. Der Schutz der Einfüllöffnung 26 schließt den Raum über der Schmelzkammer 16 ab und lässt den Metallschrott von der Fördereinrichtung passieren. Oberhalb der Schmelzkammer 16 ist eine Abdeckung 30 vorgesehen, die beispielsweise auch mit einer Absaugeinrichtung ausgestattet sein kann. Figure 1 shows a multi-chamber melting furnace 10 that is connected to a downstream unit 12. The multi-chamber melting furnace 10 has a fireproof lining 14. The multi-chamber melting furnace 10 is divided into a melting chamber 16, a mixing chamber 18 and a discharge chamber 20. Material is supplied via a conveyor 22, a ramp 24 and a protection of the filling opening 26. The feed material, for example aluminum scrap, is fed to the melting chamber 16 via the conveyor. In the melting chamber 16, the melt and the freshly fed metal scrap are heated via a channel inductor 28. The protection of the filling opening 26 closes off the space above the melting chamber 16 and allows the metal scrap to pass through the conveyor. A cover 30 is provided above the melting chamber 16, which can also be equipped with a suction device, for example.
Die Abgabe zur Kammer 20 ist über eine erste Trennwand 30 von der Mischkammer 18 getrennt. Die Metallschmelze kann von der Mischkammer 18 in die Abgabekammer 20 unterhalb der Trennwand 30 in dem Bereich 32 übertreten. Die Abgabekammer 20 besitzt einen Übergangsabschnitt 34, über den die Metallschmelze an das nachgelagerte Aggregat 12 übertritt. Die Menge der übergetretenen Metallschmelze in das nachgelagerte Aggregat 12 wird von dem Mehrkammerschmelzofen dahingehend geregelt, dass ein kontinuierlicher Fluss zur Verfügung gestellt wird, der von dem nachgelagerten Aggregat 12 abgenommen wird. The discharge to chamber 20 is separated from the mixing chamber 18 by a first partition wall 30. The molten metal can pass from the mixing chamber 18 into the discharge chamber 20 below the partition wall 30 in the area 32. The discharge chamber 20 has a transition section 34 via which the molten metal passes to the downstream unit 12. The amount of molten metal passed into the downstream unit 12 is regulated by the multi-chamber melting furnace in such a way that a continuous flow is provided which is taken from the downstream unit 12.
Zur Kontrolle des Füllstands ist eine Füllstands-Messeinrichtung 38 in der Abgabekammer 20 vorgesehen. Die Füllstands-Messeinrichtung misst berührungsfrei b ei spiels weise optisch über Lichtstrahlen 40, insbesondere Laserstrahlen. Auch eine akustische Messung, beispielsweise durch Ultraschall kann als berührungslose Messmethode der Füllstands-Messeinrichtung vorgesehen sein. Der Lichtstrahl 40 erfasst die Füllstandshöhe der Metallschmelze an der Übergabestelle 36. Die Übergabestelle 36 bildet einen Abschluss des Übergangsabschnitts 34. Das gemessene Füllstandsignal steuert beispielsweise die Fördereinrichtung 22 an, um für eine vorbestimmte Zeit zu laufen und das Einsatzgut n die Schmelzkammer einzuführen. To control the fill level, a fill level measuring device 38 is provided in the dispensing chamber 20. The fill level measuring device measures contact-free for example optically via light beams 40, in particular laser beams. An acoustic measurement, for example by ultrasound, can also be provided as a contactless measuring method of the level measuring device. The light beam 40 detects the level of the molten metal at the transfer point 36. The transfer point 36 forms a conclusion of the transition section 34. The measured level signal controls, for example, the conveyor device 22 to run for a predetermined time and to introduce the feedstock into the melting chamber.
Die Mischkammer 18 ist mit einem Rührer 42 ausgestattet. Der Rührer 42 durchmischt die Metallschmelze beispielsweise nahe an der ersten Trennwand 30. Die Temperaturmesseinrichtung 44 misst die Temperatur in der Metallschmelze, wobei der gemessene Temperaturwert an den Rinnen-Induktor 28 beispielsweise zurückgemeldet werden kann, um diesen entsprechend anzusteuem. Zudem ist die Mischkammer 18 über einen Deckel 46 verschlossen, sodass sich in der Mischkammer 18 oberhalb der Metallschmelze eine definierte Gasatmosphäre bilden kann. The mixing chamber 18 is equipped with a stirrer 42. The stirrer 42 mixes the molten metal, for example close to the first partition wall 30. The temperature measuring device 44 measures the temperature in the molten metal, whereby the measured temperature value can be reported back to the channel inductor 28, for example, in order to control it accordingly. In addition, the mixing chamber 18 is closed by a cover 46, so that a defined gas atmosphere can form in the mixing chamber 18 above the molten metal.
Die Mischkammer 18 ist von der Schmelzkammer 16 über eine zweite Trennwand 48 getrennt, sodass die Metallschmelze in dem Bereich 50 unterhalb der zweiten Trennwand 48 von der Schmelzkammer 16 in die Mischkammer 18 übertreten kann. The mixing chamber 18 is separated from the melting chamber 16 by a second partition wall 48, so that the molten metal in the region 50 below the second partition wall 48 can pass from the melting chamber 16 into the mixing chamber 18.
Figur 2 zeigt zusätzlich eine Zuführung von Spülgas 52, das der Metallschmelze in der Mischkammer entsprechend zugesetzt werden kann. Figure 2 additionally shows a supply of purge gas 52, which can be added to the molten metal in the mixing chamber.
Der insgesamt ablaufende Prozess bei dem Mehrkammerschmelzofen zur kontinuierlichen und unterbrechungsfreien Versorgung des nachgelagerten Aggregats 12 erfolgt so, dass Einsatzmaterial in Form von Masseln und Kreislaufmaterial über die Fördereinrichtung 22 oder einen Roboter (nicht dargestellt) in die Schmelzkammer 16 transportiert wird. Das Material wird hierbei möglichst gleichmäßig gestreut in das Schmelzbad eingebracht. Durch die Wärme, die aus der Schmelze auf das untergetauchte Material übertragen wird, verflüssigt sich dieses. Durch den Eintrag von neuem, festem Einsatzgut und Abgabe von Metallschmelze in der Übergabestelle 36 schwankt der Spiegel des Schmelzbades innerhalb eines Arbeitsbereichs, zwischen einem maximalen Füllstand und einem minimalen Füllstand. Neben der Höhe des Füllstandes im Arbeitsbereich kann über die Temperaturmesseinrichtung 44 auch die Temperatur der Metallschmelze geregelt werden und unter Beachtung des Füllstandes der Induktor 28 entsprechend angesteuert werden. Die notwendige Schmelz- und Warmhalteenergie wird dem Bad in Form von Wärme durch den Induktor 28 zugeführt. The overall process in the multi-chamber melting furnace for the continuous and uninterrupted supply of the downstream unit 12 is carried out in such a way that feedstock in the form of ingots and circulating material is fed via the conveyor device 22 or a robot (not shown) is transported into the melting chamber 16. The material is introduced into the melt bath as evenly as possible. The heat that is transferred from the melt to the submerged material causes it to liquefy. The level of the melt bath fluctuates within a working area due to the introduction of new, solid feedstock and the release of molten metal at the transfer point 36. In addition to the height of the fill level in the working area, the temperature of the molten metal can also be regulated via the temperature measuring device 44 and the inductor 28 can be controlled accordingly taking the fill level into account. The necessary melting and heat-holding energy is supplied to the bath in the form of heat by the inductor 28.
Nach der Schmelzkammer 16 passiert das Material die Mischkammer 18 des Schmelzofens. Hier können bei geöffnetem Deckel 46 beispielsweise auch Proben entnommen oder Zuschlagstoffe der Metallschmelze hinzugefügt werden. Die Badbewegung und eine homogene Temperaturverteilung können auch über den Rührer 22 unterstützt werden. After the melting chamber 16, the material passes through the mixing chamber 18 of the melting furnace. Here, with the lid 46 open, samples can be taken or additives can be added to the molten metal. The bath movement and a homogeneous temperature distribution can also be supported by the stirrer 22.
Die Metallschmelze wird an der Übergabestelle 36 an ein nachgelagertes Aggregat 12, beispielsweise einen nachgelagerten Ofen, übergeben. The molten metal is transferred at the transfer point 36 to a downstream unit 12, for example a downstream furnace.
Claims
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023115104.5 | 2023-06-08 | ||
| DE102023115104.5A DE102023115104A1 (en) | 2023-06-08 | 2023-06-08 | Device for inductive heating of metal |
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| WO2024251918A1 true WO2024251918A1 (en) | 2024-12-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/EP2024/065677 Pending WO2024251918A1 (en) | 2023-06-08 | 2024-06-06 | Device for inductively heating metal |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1583460A1 (en) | 1967-08-29 | 1970-08-06 | Junker Dr Ing Eh Otto | Low-frequency induction channel furnace for melting and / or keeping metals warm |
| US3844453A (en) * | 1973-01-05 | 1974-10-29 | Modern Equipment Co | Apparatus and method for melting and pouring metal |
| DE3048220A1 (en) * | 1980-01-24 | 1981-09-24 | Stopinc AG, 6340 Baar | "DEVICE FOR POOLING METAL MELT" |
| DE19504415A1 (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1996-01-04 | Nippon Denso Co | Furnace for heating metal melt |
| US5662859A (en) * | 1995-04-26 | 1997-09-02 | Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha | Constant molten metal surface level retaining furnace integrally provided with melting unit |
| US20020185789A1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-12 | Alcoa Inc. | Molten metal dosing furnace with metal treatment and level control and method |
| DE10256513A1 (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-06-24 | Ing. Rauch Fertigungstechnik Ges.M.B.H. | Method for melting a metal and apparatus for carrying out the method |
| DE102017102924B3 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2018-03-08 | Otto Junker Gmbh | Induction crucible furnace for melting metallic feed and method for keeping clean the base area of an induction crucible furnace |
| DE102021121030A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-16 | Otto Junker Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Device for inductively heating molten metal, multi-chamber melting furnace for melting metal scrap and method for melting metal scrap |
-
2023
- 2023-06-08 DE DE102023115104.5A patent/DE102023115104A1/en active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-06-06 WO PCT/EP2024/065677 patent/WO2024251918A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1583460A1 (en) | 1967-08-29 | 1970-08-06 | Junker Dr Ing Eh Otto | Low-frequency induction channel furnace for melting and / or keeping metals warm |
| US3844453A (en) * | 1973-01-05 | 1974-10-29 | Modern Equipment Co | Apparatus and method for melting and pouring metal |
| DE3048220A1 (en) * | 1980-01-24 | 1981-09-24 | Stopinc AG, 6340 Baar | "DEVICE FOR POOLING METAL MELT" |
| DE19504415A1 (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1996-01-04 | Nippon Denso Co | Furnace for heating metal melt |
| US5662859A (en) * | 1995-04-26 | 1997-09-02 | Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha | Constant molten metal surface level retaining furnace integrally provided with melting unit |
| US20020185789A1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-12 | Alcoa Inc. | Molten metal dosing furnace with metal treatment and level control and method |
| DE10256513A1 (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-06-24 | Ing. Rauch Fertigungstechnik Ges.M.B.H. | Method for melting a metal and apparatus for carrying out the method |
| DE102017102924B3 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2018-03-08 | Otto Junker Gmbh | Induction crucible furnace for melting metallic feed and method for keeping clean the base area of an induction crucible furnace |
| DE102021121030A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-16 | Otto Junker Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Device for inductively heating molten metal, multi-chamber melting furnace for melting metal scrap and method for melting metal scrap |
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| DE102023115104A1 (en) | 2024-12-12 |
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