WO2024247195A1 - Thermal insulation material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention improves the heat insulation property of a heat insulation material including a three-dimensional printed structure. A heat insulation material according to the present application includes a three-dimensional printed structure printed so as to have a predetermined solid structure, the predetermined solid structure having an aperture ratio equal to or less than a first threshold and a volume density equal to or less than a second threshold.

Description

Insulation

The present invention relates to a heat insulating material.

　Technologies relating to three-dimensional structures having multiple structures are known. For example, a technology relating to a three-dimensional structure having multiple structures with different rigidity is known (Patent Document 1 below). Also, for example, a technology relating to a three-dimensional structure in which multiple structures with different rigidity are stacked to reduce the discomfort caused by stress is known (Patent Document 2 below).

Special Publication No. 2022-513070 JP 2020-179044 A

However, conventional technology has not been able to improve the heat retention of insulation materials, including 3D printed structures.

The present application has been made in consideration of the above, and aims to improve the heat retention of insulation materials, including three-dimensional printed structures.

The insulating material of the present application is a three-dimensional printed structure that is printed to have a predetermined three-dimensional structure, and the predetermined three-dimensional structure is characterized by including a three-dimensional printed structure that has an opening ratio equal to or less than a first threshold and a volume density equal to or less than a second threshold.

According to one aspect of the embodiment, it is possible to improve the heat retention of an insulating material that includes a three-dimensional printed structure.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a simulation result using CAE for various structures. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a parameter comparison between the structure of the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment and a conventional existing structure. FIG. 3A is an explanatory diagram (1) for explaining a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment. FIG. 3B is an explanatory diagram (2) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 3C is an explanatory diagram (3) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 3D is an explanatory diagram (4) for explaining a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment. FIG. 3E is an explanatory diagram (5) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 3F is an explanatory diagram (6) for explaining a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment. FIG. 3G is an explanatory diagram (7) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 3H is an explanatory diagram (8) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 3I is an explanatory diagram (9) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 3J is an explanatory diagram (10) for explaining a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment. FIG. 3K is an explanatory diagram (11) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for generating a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment. FIG. 5A is a diagram showing an example (spiral type) of a structure of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment. FIG. 5B is a diagram showing an example (screw type) of a structure of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment. FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram (1) for explaining parameters of the structure of the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 6B is an explanatory diagram (2) for explaining the parameters of the structure of the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 6C is an explanatory diagram (3) for explaining parameters of the structure of the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 6D is an explanatory diagram (4) for explaining the parameters of the structure of the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 7A is a diagram (1) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (spiral type: front). Figure 7B is a diagram (2) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment (spiral type: rear side). Figure 7C is a diagram (3) showing an example of a six-sided view (spiral type: plan view) of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment. Figure 7D is a diagram (4) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (spiral type: bottom surface). Figure 7E is a diagram (5) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (spiral type: left side). Figure 7F is a diagram (6) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (spiral type: right side). FIG. 8A is a diagram (1) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (7-degree screw type: front). Figure 8B is a diagram (2) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment (7-degree screw type: rear side). Figure 8C is a diagram (3) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (7-degree screw type: plan view). Figure 8D is a diagram (4) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (7-degree screw type: bottom surface). Figure 8E is a diagram (5) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (7-degree screw type: left side). Figure 8F is a diagram (6) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (screw 7-degree type: right side). FIG. 9A is a diagram (1) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (14-degree screw type: front view). Figure 9B is a diagram (2) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (14-degree screw type: rear side). Figure 9C is a diagram (3) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (14-degree screw type: plan view). Figure 9D is a diagram (4) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (14-degree screw: bottom surface). Figure 9E is a diagram (5) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (14-degree screw type: left side). Figure 9F is a diagram (6) showing an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment (14-degree screw type: right side).

Below, a detailed description will be given of a form for implementing the insulating material according to the present application (hereinafter, referred to as an "embodiment") with reference to the drawings. Note that the insulating material according to the present application is not limited to this embodiment. Furthermore, the same parts in each of the following embodiments are given the same reference numerals, and duplicated descriptions will be omitted.

(Embodiment)
Conventionally, a technique for three-dimensionally printing structures directly onto fabrics has been known. Three-dimensional printing is a technique for creating shapes by layering and curing resins using several techniques (e.g., FDM, SLA, SLS, a technique called inkjet, etc.), and unlike mold molding, which has traditionally been the main resin molding technique, it allows for free molding with fewer restrictions on molding. By applying this technique to three-dimensionally printing a structure on the surface of a fabric, whose material properties change depending on the structure, it is thought that it will be possible to create textiles with various composite properties. For example, it will be possible to create textiles with high thermal insulation by imitating a three-dimensional structure with resin to create an air layer, and textiles with high mobility (flexibility, stretchability, etc.) by changing the volume filling density (volume density) of the lattice structure.

For example, existing products such as down jackets use feathers as the main material for heat retention, creating an air layer to improve insulation, but this has become problematic in recent years from the perspective of animal welfare. In addition, costs have increased due to a reduction in supply caused by stricter regulations in recent years, making it a hurdle to securing materials and new entrants. Furthermore, when creating products to suit consumers' body sizes and needs, fabrics are produced for each function and large amounts of inventory are assumed, which often results in inventory risk and waste. For this reason, by establishing a method to create optimal materials from digital data, it is believed that it will be possible to freely design fabrics with optimal performance at low cost. Furthermore, if it becomes possible to freely design performance, it will be possible to design clothing with a higher degree of freedom than ever before, and it is believed that it will be possible to create new categories of products and develop products that meet consumer needs that could not be met before.

In addition, when using a filling material such as feathers as a heat-retaining material, functions such as insulation and mobility are fixed, and it is not possible to, for example, locally customize the insulation performance for each part, or control the elasticity or rigidity. In addition, a sewing process is required to fill the material, which is troublesome.

As such, with conventional technology, it has not been possible to customize a three-dimensional printed structure to have physical properties according to a specified purpose. The present application has been made in consideration of the above, and aims to improve the heat retention of insulation materials that include three-dimensional printed structures by appropriately endowing the three-dimensional printed structure with physical properties according to a specified purpose.

Through preliminary experiments, CAE was used to perform simulation analysis on various structures, and those with excellent properties were selected. Samples were then made using actual equipment and their thermal conductivity was measured according to JIS standards. As a result, although there was some error depending on the structure, the simulation values were close to the actual measured values (especially in the case of lattice structures). The qualitative trends were the same, and the values were also quantitatively close. In the following embodiments, the simulation values will be described as being close to the actual measured values.

Figure 1 shows an example of the simulation results using CAE for various structures. Here, we show the analysis results of thermal conductivity and the amount of heat that contributes to thermal conductivity, obtained by simulation using CAE. The analysis results for each structure are described below.

Structure "A016" was a structure consisting of air only, with a thermal conductivity of 0.136 (W/mk), a total heat amount of 10.86 (mW), and a radiant heat of 8.81 (mW). Structure "A017" was a structure consisting of resin only, with a thermal conductivity of 0.322 (W/mk), a total heat amount of 25.75 (mW), and a radiant heat of 0.00 (mW). Structure "A018" was a lattice structure with dimensions of 0.2 (mm), with a thermal conductivity of 0.090 (W/mk), a total heat amount of 7.18 (mW), and a radiant heat of 4.00 (mW). Structure "A019" was a lattice structure with dimensions of 0.6 (mm), with a thermal conductivity of 0.073 (W/mk), a total heat amount of 5.82 (mW), and a radiant heat of 1.96 (mW). The structure "A020" was a lattice structure with dimensions of 1.5 (mm), with a thermal conductivity of 0.106 (W/mk), a total heat amount of 8.46 (mW), and a radiation heat of 0.65 (mW). The structure "A021" was a vertical structure with dimensions of 0.2 (mm), with a thermal conductivity of 0.092 (W/mk), a total heat amount of 7.34 (mW), and a radiation heat of 2.57 (mW). The structure "A022" was a vertical structure with dimensions of 0.6 (mm), with a thermal conductivity of 0.128 (W/mk), a total heat amount of 10.28 (mW), and a radiation heat of 1.87 (mW). The structure "A023" was a vertical structure with dimensions of 1.5 (mm), with a thermal conductivity of 0.215 (W/mk), a total heat amount of 17.18 (mW), and a radiant heat of 0.65 (mW). The structure "A024" was a horizontal structure with dimensions of 0.2 (mm), with a thermal conductivity of 0.058 (W/mk), a total heat amount of 4.60 (mW), and a radiant heat of 1.85 (mW). The structure "A025" was a horizontal structure with dimensions of 0.6 (mm), with a thermal conductivity of 0.070 (W/mk), a total heat amount of 5.59 (mW), and a radiant heat of 1.75 (mW). The structure "A026" had a horizontal structure with dimensions of 1.5 (mm), a thermal conductivity of 0.099 (W/mK), a total heat amount of 7.91 (mW), and a radiant heat of 1.55 (mW). The structure "A027" had a horizontal structure with dimensions of 0.2 (mm), a thermal conductivity of 0.054 (W/mK), a total heat amount of 4.33 (mW), and a radiant heat of 2.13 (mW). The structure "A028" had a horizontal structure with dimensions of 0.6 (mm), a thermal conductivity of 0.055 (W/mK), a total heat amount of 4.43 (mW), and a radiant heat of 2.13 (mW). Structure "A029" had a horizontal structure with dimensions of 1.5 (mm), a thermal conductivity of 0.059 (W/mk), a total heat amount of 4.70 (mW), and radiant heat of 2.14 (mW).

In FIG. 1, ART1 is a view of each structure from the side. The blank areas indicate air, and the shaded areas indicate the structure of the structure. For example, structure "A016" is only air, so ART1 is all blank. Also, for example, structure "A017" is only resin, so ART1 is all shaded. Also, for example, structures "A018" to "A020" are lattice structures, so ART1 is lattice-shaped (or pattern-shaped) shaded lines. Also, for example, structures "A021" to "A023" are vertical structures, so ART1 is vertical shaded lines. Also, for example, structures "A024" to "A029" are horizontal structures, so ART1 is horizontal shaded lines. Also, ART2 is a view of each structure from directly above. As with ART1, the blank areas indicate air, and the shaded areas indicate the structure of the structure. For example, since structure "A016" is only air, all ART2 is diagonal lines indicating the base of the structure. Also, for example, since structure "A017" is only resin, all ART2 is diagonal lines indicating the structure of the structure. Also, for example, since structures "A018" to "A020" are lattice structures, ART2 is lattice-like (or pattern-like) diagonal lines indicating the structure of the structure and diagonal lines indicating the base of the structure in the gaps. Also, for example, since structures "A021" to "A023" are vertical structures, ART2 is vertical diagonal lines indicating the structure of the structure and diagonal lines indicating the base of the structure in the gaps. Also, for example, since structures "A024" to "A029" are horizontal structures, all ART2 is diagonal lines indicating the structure of the structure.

From the results of the simulation in Figure 1 for structures "A016" and "A017", it can be seen that increasing the air layer (reducing the volume density) reduces the thermal conductivity (i.e., the insulating effect improves). Also, from the results for structures "A018" and "A025", it can be seen that increasing the shielding rate (reducing the opening rate when viewed from above) reduces the thermal conductivity (i.e., the insulating effect improves). In general, increasing the air layer reduces the thermal conductivity, but there are cases where the thermal conductivity increases due to radiant heat. In structure "A025", radiant heat can be blocked by increasing the shielding rate, so it is thought that it has a lower thermal conductivity and a higher insulating effect than structure "A018". The simulation results show that a certain level of insulating performance can be obtained with a specific structure. This makes it possible, for example, to control the physical properties of a material in a site-specific manner by changing the structure for each part of the material.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a comparison of parameters between the structure of the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment and a conventional existing structure. Here, the parameters are aperture ratio and volume density. The aperture ratio is in the range of 0% to 100%, and the volume density is in the range of 0% to 50%. In addition, the region is divided with an aperture ratio of around 75% and a volume density of around 37.5% as thresholds. Region R1, which is one of the divided regions, is the region covered by the conventional existing structure. From a lattice structure with dimensions of 0.6 (mm), density of 3.1%, and aperture ratio of 77%, a lattice structure with dimensions of 1.0 (mm), density of 8.3%, and aperture ratio of 64%, and a lattice structure with dimensions of 1.5 (mm), density of 17.3%, and aperture ratio of 49%, it is considered that the aperture ratio decreases but the filling rate increases when the structure becomes complex. Since the filling rate remains high even when the aperture ratio decreases, the insulating effect of the conventional existing structure is limited. On the other hand, the other separated region, region R2, is the region covered by the structure of the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. The opening rate decreases and the filling rate increases from a structure with dimensions of 0.3 (mm), density of 1.6%, and opening rate of 53%, a structure with dimensions of 0.6 (mm), density of 6.0%, and opening rate of 20%, and a structure with dimensions of 1.0 (mm), density of 15.8%, and opening rate of 1.0%, but the filling rate remains low even when the opening rate decreases. For this reason, the structure of the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment can be expected to have a high heat insulating effect. In FIG. 2, the lattice structure belonging to region R1 is displayed in a dotted box, and the lattice structure belonging to region R2 is displayed in a diagonal box. For this reason, the above-mentioned three types of lattice structures belonging to region R1 are displayed in a dotted box, and the above-mentioned three types of lattice structures belonging to region R2 are displayed in a diagonal box.

The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment will be described below. The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be any composite material (composite material) containing a structure with a thickness (for example, 5 to 30 mm) on the surface of the fabric. For example, it may be a composite material that is three-dimensionally printed directly on one side of the fabric (particularly the lining surface) and fixed thereto, or it may be a composite material that is three-dimensionally printed separately and then bonded to the fabric. It may also be a composite material in which two textiles with a structure on one side are prepared, sandwiched, and sewn together. The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may also be a fabric composite material in which such a thick structure is sandwiched between two pieces of fabric, the outer fabric and the lining. The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may also be a structure in which structures with different physical properties (for example, elasticity, stretchability, heat insulation, acoustics, soundproofing, optical properties, etc.) are arranged depending on the part, taking into account the range of motion of the body, etc. The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a structure in which the distribution of the pattern changes in the direction of the length and width axes (horizontal direction) when viewed from above and in the direction of the height axis (vertical direction) when viewed from the side, and physical changes are obtained by providing changes in the volume density and shape density (wall thickness) in each direction. The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a composite material having a lattice structure in which a space-filling polyhedron is placed in a basic cell and each support is connected or intersecting with each other. The fabric may be, for example, a material used for clothing (especially for cold weather, etc.), with the back surface or the like treated to prevent radiation.

The outer and inner linings according to the embodiment are, for example, textiles (animal fibers such as wool, polyester, cotton, silk, nylon, cupra, polylactic acid fibers, hemp, rayon, polyurethane, synthetic rubber, leather, etc.), knits (animal fibers such as wool, polyester, cotton, silk, nylon, cupra, polylactic acid fibers, hemp, rayon, polyurethane, synthetic rubber, leather, etc.), etc. The structural layer according to the embodiment is, for example, polypropylene, polyethylene, polymethylmethacrylate, polylactic acid carbon fiber, glass fiber, ABS resin, silicone elastomer, polyurethane, acrylic elastomer, polyurethane elastomer, melamine resin, polystyrene foam, wool, cellulose fiber, down material, padding material, materials used as filaments or heat insulating materials for various three-dimensional printing, foam materials that expand by post-treatment with heat, etc. The interface heat shielding layer according to the embodiment is, for example, a heat shielding sheet material, a metal (aluminum, copper, etc.). Additionally, examples of space-filling materials in accordance with the present embodiment include down, inner layer materials, wool, polystyrene beads, and foam materials that expand when heated.

Furthermore, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a structure in which, within this thickness range, the opening rate to the bottom surface when viewed from the top surface of the textile is 50% or less, and the volume density is 35% or less (ideally, a structure in which the opening rate is 30% or less, and the volume density is 15% or less).

In addition, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may incorporate innovations for sewing. For example, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may have a large volume near the sewing point of the pattern end face portion, with C-chamfering or R-chamfering, and may be designed to ensure airtightness without interfering with the movement of the sewing machine during sewing to a minimum.

The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a composite material with fabric, taking into consideration the shape of the structure when assembled into a garment without putting strain on the structure when it is three-dimensional. For example, it may be a composite fabric material in which soft resin structures with properties such as heat retention, elasticity, and stretchability are arranged on the fabric. It may also be a composite material that takes into consideration that the structure will be three-dimensional when sewn. It may also be a composite material that is divided into sloped blocks of a specific size. It may also be a composite material that is divided into linear shapes. It may also be a composite material that is designed to maintain the airtightness of the air layer while avoiding the sewing machine clamp at the sewing points.

FIG. 3A is an explanatory diagram (1) for explaining a three-dimensional printed structure according to an embodiment. As described above, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a composite material in which a thick structure is directly three-dimensionally printed and fixed to one side of the surface of the fabric, or a composite material that is three-dimensionally printed separately and then bonded to the fabric. In other words, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a composite material that is printed on the fabric and molded integrally with one side of the fabric, or a composite material that is printed and then bonded to the fabric. In FIG. 3A, the three-dimensional printed structure is molded so as to be in direct contact with the fabric. Note that FIG. 3B is an explanatory diagram (2) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment, and in FIG. 3B, the three-dimensional printed structure is molded so as to be bonded to the fabric via an adhesive layer.

FIG. 3C is an explanatory diagram (3) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. As described above, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a composite fabric material in which a thick structure is sandwiched between two pieces of fabric, an outer fabric and an inner fabric. In other words, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a composite material in which a predetermined three-dimensional structure is sandwiched between two pieces of fabric, an outer fabric and an inner fabric. In FIG. 3C, the three-dimensional printed structure is sandwiched between the two pieces of fabric, the outer fabric and the inner fabric, so that it is in direct contact with the two pieces of fabric.

FIG. 3D is an explanatory diagram (4) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. As described above, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a structure configured with structures having different physical properties arranged in different parts, taking into account the range of motion of the body. In other words, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a composite material having a different three-dimensional structure depending on the location of the fabric. In FIG. 3D, part P1 is a part where a structure with easily crushed physical properties (easy to crush structure) is arranged, part P2 is a part where a highly stretchable structure (stretchable structure) is arranged, part P3 is a part where a highly elastic structure (highly elastic structure) is arranged, and part P4 is a part where a structure with high heat retention (heat retention structure) is arranged.

FIG. 3E is an explanatory diagram (5) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. As described above, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be formed by preparing two pieces of textile with a structure on one side, sandwiching them together and sewing them together. In such a case, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be formed by sewing the pieces together with the center fixed, or by sewing the pieces together without fixing the center. The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may also be formed by sandwiching an aluminum-deposited sheet in the middle, for example.

3F is an explanatory diagram (6) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment. As described above, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a structure in which the distribution of the pattern changes in the vertical and horizontal axis directions when viewed from above and in the height axis direction when viewed from the side, and physical changes are obtained by providing changes in the volume density, shape density, etc. in each direction. In FIG. 3F, the structure is molded so that the volume density changes in the height axis direction. Specifically, the structure is molded so that the volume density is higher in a specific direction (top surface direction). Note that FIG. 3G is an explanatory diagram (7) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment, and in FIG. 3G, the structure is molded so that the volume density changes in the vertical and horizontal axis directions. Specifically, the structure is molded so that the volume density is higher in a specific direction (width and depth directions). Also, FIG. 3H and FIG. 3I are explanatory diagrams (8) and (9) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment, and in FIG. 3H and FIG. 3I, the structure is molded so that the shape density changes. For example, in FIG. 3H and FIG. 3I, FIG. 3I has a higher shape density than FIG. 3H. Also, Figures 3J and 3K are explanatory diagrams (10) and (11) for explaining the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment, which are molded so that the structure changes. For example, between Figures 3J and 3K, the structure in Figure 3K is more detailed and complex than that in Figure 3J.

(Sewing process)
The 2D pattern is loaded into a 3D design CAD. The pattern range is divided into arbitrary grids, and arbitrary structural elements are placed inside the voxels based on that. The design is modified so that there are no geometric intersections during assembly (taking into consideration thickness, end faces, etc.). The design is output and the outer and lining fabrics are sewn.

The designer specifies a range in the pattern data that shows the clothing template, and based on the range specified on the pattern data and the physical property data specified by the designer, a three-dimensional structure is called from the database and placed in the specified range. The database converts the specified physical property data parameters into numerical values for an algorithm to generate a structure, for example. Numerical values related to insulation, stretchability, elasticity, etc. are input as physical property instruction data to the database, and the database inputs the numerical values into an algorithm that generates a three-dimensional shape based on the relationship between the structure that has been analyzed and evaluated up to that point and these numerical values. The database acquires at least one of these pieces of physical property data, selects a structure generation algorithm that is presumed to be suitable, and generates a three-dimensional structure.

(Use mode)
The actual usage will be described below. For example, by forming a resin structure to have a predetermined three-dimensional structure on the cloth, it becomes possible to adjust the functions such as the heat insulation and mobility of the product (for example, wearable articles such as clothing, walls of buildings, surface materials for housings, furniture, etc.). For example, by providing a thick air layer for heat insulation with a structure (for example, a lattice structure, a rib structure, a pillar structure, an origami structure, a honeycomb structure, etc.) formed from a flexible resin on the surface of the cloth, it is possible to provide a heat retention effect like down. For example, by using it in a jumper, it becomes possible to manufacture a product with high heat insulation and elasticity. In addition, it becomes possible to manufacture a product with high elasticity around the elbow of the clothing and high elasticity in the elbow part according to the intention of the designer who takes into account the range of motion of the body. In addition, by switching the structure for each purpose according to the part, it becomes possible to impart (or change) multiple performances such as stretch and elasticity according to the structure to the fabric.

(Embodiment 2)
In the first embodiment, the structure shields radiant heat from the top surface, but in the second embodiment, the structure shields radiant heat from all directions. By shielding radiant heat from all directions, the lattice structure becomes more suitable as a heat-retaining structure. In the second embodiment, the shielding rate is a shielding rate calculated by rotating the projection surface on the structure by a predetermined angle at a predetermined incidence angle and rotating it 360 degrees. For example, the shielding rate is a shielding rate calculated by arranging the projection surface toward the structure while rotating it by 2.5 degrees at an incidence angle of 80 degrees (for example, arranging in a 3770 direction). In the second embodiment, the shielding rate is a shielding rate calculated based on the transmittance of light projected from the projection surface to the structure. For example, the shielding rate is a shielding rate calculated by projecting light from the projection surface to the structure, performing a hit judgment (for example, judgment from 4800 points arranged within a circle with a diameter of 10 mm for each projection surface), and calculating the ratio of transmitted light to non-transmitted light. In the second embodiment, the aperture ratio is the aperture ratio in a direction perpendicular to the sandwich direction when the structure is sandwiched between any shielding layers.

The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a three-dimensional printed structure in which a BC lattice (Body Centroid Lattice) having moderate elasticity is used as the basic shape of the CAE analysis. Specifically, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be a lattice structure in which a shape in which each vertex of a cube is connected at the center is arranged in the XYZ direction as one smallest unit (cell). The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be generated by changing each parameter of the structure. As shown in FIG. 4, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be generated by changing parameters related to each dimension of the BC lattice for each phase result. For example, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be generated based on the results of multiple phases by changing parameters based on the results of the "1st_CAE" phase, changing parameters based on the results of the "2nd_CAE" phase, and changing parameters based on the results of the "3rd_CAE" phase. In addition, the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be generated by controlling the shape with parameters or algorithms and connecting nodes using a CAD software application such as Rhinocerous (e.g., Grasshopper).

The structure of the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment will be described below. There are three types of structures for the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment (one spiral type and two screw types). All of the structures are generated by deforming the BC lattice with the aim of "increasing the shielding rate of the structure as a measure against radiant heat while taking into account elasticity". Specifically, since the shielding rate at a specific angle may be extremely low when uniform shapes are lined up, the structure is designed to give variables to the shape/direction of the beams to make the internal shape complex/disorderly in order to increase the shielding rate. In addition, the structure is designed to shield light from all directions of the celestial sphere on the top surface of the structure in order to ensure heat retention. One of the three-dimensional printed structures according to the embodiment is a structure having a spiral type (FIG. 5A), in which cells are stacked in a DNA spiral shape by rotating the stacking method of the lattice cells. Moreover, one of the three-dimensional printed structures according to the embodiment is a structure having a screw-type structure (FIG. 5B), in which the extension direction of the lattice beams is adjusted to rotate by a specific angle (7 degrees or 14 degrees) each time a cell is stacked. Hereinafter, the structure adjusted to rotate by 7 degrees will be referred to as the "7-degree screw type" and the structure adjusted to rotate by 14 degrees will be referred to as the "14-degree screw type."

The structural parameters of the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment are described below. Examples of basic parameters of the lattice structure (FIG. 6A) include the diameter of the beams and the size of the cube (length, width, depth). Examples of parameters related to the thickness of the thermal insulation layer (FIG. 6B) include the number of rows of cells stacked in the height direction. Note that the number of rows may be determined by setting the height (for example, 20 mm). Examples of structural parameters for increasing the shielding rate (FIGS. 6C and 6D) include the angle of the beams that are rotated for each cell of the lattice that is stacked, and the rotation angle when stacking the cells of the lattice. The shape of the structure is determined by manipulating such dimensional parameters.

In addition, for a structure with high thermal insulation (i.e. low thermal conductivity), three parameters are important: the volume ratio of the entire structure, the average shielding ratio, and the aperture ratio of the maximum opening. The volume ratio indicates the proportion of the space that the structure occupies. The average shielding ratio indicates the average rate of shielding light at each angle when viewed from the azimuth of the celestial sphere. The aperture ratio of the maximum opening indicates the aperture ratio of the most open part when viewed from the azimuth of the celestial sphere directly above the structure. For example, a high volume ratio tends to increase conductive heat and decrease thermal insulation performance (higher thermal conductivity), so it is considered better to have a lower volume ratio. In addition, for example, a high average shielding ratio of a structure tends to decrease radiant heat and increase thermal insulation performance (lower thermal conductivity), so it is considered better to have a higher volume ratio. In addition, for example, if there is a part of a structure that is widely open, not only will heat be transmitted from there without being shielded, but the aperture ratio of the incident angle around it will also tend to increase, which will tend to decrease the overall thermal insulation performance (higher thermal conductivity), so it is considered better to have a lower aperture ratio of the maximum opening. The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment is designed to have a volume ratio of 7% or less (preferably 6% or less or 5% or less) (note that the size of the reference space is "width/depth/height" of "10 mm width/10 mm depth/1 mm height", respectively), an average shielding ratio of 98% or more, and an opening ratio of the maximum opening portion of 15% or less. The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may be designed to have an average shielding ratio in the range of 99.49% to 99.98%, a minimum shielding ratio in the range of 87.5% to 94.11%, and a volume ratio in the range of 4.3% to 5.2%. The three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment may also be designed to have a number of projection surfaces with 80% or less shielding of 0/3770 and a number of projection surfaces with 90% or less shielding of 0/3770 to 52/3770.

Hereinafter, the six-sided view of the three-dimensional printed structure according to the embodiment will be described. Figures 7A to 7F show an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure (spiral type) according to the embodiment. Figure 7A is a front view of the six-sided view, Figure 7B is a rear view of the six-sided view, Figure 7C is a plan view of the six-sided view, Figure 7D is a bottom view of the six-sided view, Figure 7E is a left side view of the six-sided view, and Figure 7F is a right side view of the six-sided view. Figures 8A to 8F show an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure (screw 7 degree type) according to the embodiment. Figure 8A is a front view of the six-sided view, Figure 8B is a rear view of the six-sided view, Figure 8C is a plan view of the six-sided view, Figure 8D is a bottom view of the six-sided view, Figure 8E is a left side view of the six-sided view, and Figure 8F is a right side view of the six-sided view. Figures 9A to 9F show an example of a six-sided view of a three-dimensional printed structure (screw 14 degree type) according to the embodiment. FIG. 9A is a front view of the six-sided diagram, FIG. 9B is a rear view of the six-sided diagram, FIG. 9C is a plan view of the six-sided diagram, FIG. 9D is a bottom view of the six-sided diagram, FIG. 9E is a left side view of the six-sided diagram, and FIG. 9F is a right side view of the six-sided diagram.

(effect)
As described above, the insulating material of the embodiment is a three-dimensional printed structure printed to have a predetermined three-dimensional structure, and the predetermined three-dimensional structure is characterized by including a three-dimensional printed structure having an opening ratio equal to or less than a first threshold value and a volume density equal to or less than a second threshold value.

This makes it possible to give 3D printed structures appropriate physical properties according to a given purpose. Furthermore, the high degree of freedom in modeling that can be achieved through 3D printing makes it possible to define the mechanical properties of an object not only by the material properties but also by its structure. This makes it possible to improve the heat retention of insulating materials, including 3D printed structures.

The insulating material according to the embodiment is characterized in that it includes a three-dimensional printed structure in which the opening ratio in the direction perpendicular to the sandwich direction when the three-dimensional printed structure is sandwiched between any shielding layers is equal to or less than a first threshold value.

As a result, it becomes possible to improve the physical properties of the 3D printed structure by ensuring that the lattice structure has a certain opening ratio, and therefore to improve the physical properties of the insulation material that contains the 3D printed structure.

The heat insulating material according to the embodiment is characterized in that it includes a three-dimensional printed structure whose shielding rate is within a predetermined range when the projection surface onto the three-dimensional printed structure is rotated 360 degrees at a predetermined angle of incidence and in predetermined increments.

As a result, it becomes possible to improve the physical properties of the 3D printed structure by ensuring that the lattice structure meets a certain shielding rate, and therefore to improve the physical properties of the insulation material that contains the 3D printed structure.

The insulating material according to the embodiment is characterized in that it includes a three-dimensional printed structure whose shielding rate, calculated based on the transmittance of light projected from a projection surface onto the three-dimensional printed structure, is within a predetermined range.

As a result, it becomes possible to improve the physical properties of the 3D printed structure by ensuring that the lattice structure meets a certain shielding rate, and therefore to improve the physical properties of the insulation material that contains the 3D printed structure.

The heat insulating material according to the embodiment is characterized by including a three-dimensional printed structure that is created to block light from all directions of the celestial sphere.

This makes it possible to improve the physical properties of the 3D printed structure, and therefore the physical properties of the insulation material that contains the 3D printed structure.

The insulating material according to the embodiment is characterized by including a three-dimensional printed structure that is generated by changing parameters related to a lattice structure in which the smallest unit is a shape formed by connecting each vertex of a cube at its center.

As a result, by adjusting the lattice structure to enhance the physical properties of the 3D printed structure, it is possible to improve the physical properties of the insulation material that contains the 3D printed structure.

The insulating material according to the embodiment is characterized by including a three-dimensional printed structure that is created by rotating the direction of extension of beams in a lattice structure, with each lattice being a cube with each vertex connected at its center as the smallest unit, by a predetermined angle each time the lattice is stacked.

As a result, by adjusting the lattice structure to enhance the physical properties of the 3D printed structure, it is possible to improve the physical properties of the insulation material that contains the 3D printed structure.

The insulating material according to the embodiment is characterized by including a three-dimensional printed structure that is generated by changing at least one of the parameters of the diameter of the beams of a lattice structure in which the shape formed by connecting each vertex of a cube at its center is the smallest unit, the size of the cube, the height at which the lattice is stacked, the angle at which the beams are rotated each time the lattice is stacked, and the rotation angle when the lattice is stacked.

This makes it possible to adjust the parameters of the lattice structure, and by adjusting the parameters to improve the physical properties of the 3D printed structure, it becomes possible to improve the physical properties of the insulation material that contains the 3D printed structure.

The insulating material according to the embodiment is characterized by including a three-dimensional printed structure with a volume fraction of 7% or less.

As a result, it is possible to improve the physical properties of the 3D printed structure by ensuring that the lattice structure meets certain parameters, and therefore to improve the physical properties of the insulation material that contains the 3D printed structure.

The insulating material according to the embodiment is characterized by including a three-dimensional printed structure with an average shielding rate of 98% or more.

As a result, it is possible to improve the physical properties of the 3D printed structure by ensuring that the lattice structure meets certain parameters, and therefore to improve the physical properties of the insulation material that contains the 3D printed structure.

The insulating material according to the embodiment is characterized by including a three-dimensional printed structure in which the opening ratio of the maximum opening portion is 15% or less.

As a result, it is possible to improve the physical properties of the 3D printed structure by ensuring that the lattice structure meets certain parameters, and therefore to improve the physical properties of the insulation material that contains the 3D printed structure.

(others)
In addition, among the processes described in the above embodiments, all or part of the processes described as being performed automatically can be performed manually, or all or part of the processes described as being performed manually can be performed automatically by a known method. In addition, the information including the processing procedures, specific names, various data and parameters shown in the above documents and drawings can be changed arbitrarily unless otherwise specified. For example, the various information shown in each drawing is not limited to the illustrated information.

Furthermore, each component of each device shown in the figure is a functional concept, and does not necessarily have to be physically configured as shown in the figure. In other words, the specific form of distribution and integration of each device is not limited to that shown in the figure, and all or part of them can be functionally or physically distributed and integrated in any unit depending on various loads, usage conditions, etc.

In addition, the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined as appropriate to the extent that they do not cause any contradictions in the processing content.

　Although several embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, these are merely examples, and the present invention can be embodied in other forms that incorporate various modifications and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, including the aspects described in the Disclosure of the Invention section.

Note that the following configurations also fall within the technical scope of the present disclosure.
(1)
1. A three dimensional printed structure constituting at least a portion of a product, comprising:
An insulating material comprising a three-dimensional printed structure printed to have a predetermined three-dimensional structure according to the purpose of the product.
(2)
The insulating material described in (1), which includes a three-dimensional printed structure in which the opening ratio in a direction perpendicular to the sandwich direction when the three-dimensional printed structure is sandwiched between any shielding layer is equal to or less than a first threshold value.
(3)
The insulating material described in (1) includes a three-dimensional printed structure having a shielding rate within a predetermined range when a projection surface onto the three-dimensional printed structure is rotated 360 degrees at a predetermined angle of incidence.
(4)
The insulating material described in (1) includes a three-dimensional printed structure having a shielding rate calculated based on the transmittance of light projected from a projection surface to the three-dimensional printed structure within a predetermined range.
(5)
The heat insulating material described in (1), comprising the three-dimensional printed structure generated so as to block light from all celestial directions.
(6)
The insulating material described in (1) includes the three-dimensional printed structure generated by changing parameters related to a lattice structure in which the shape formed by connecting each vertex of a cube at its center is the smallest unit.
(7)
The insulating material described in (1) includes the three-dimensional printed structure generated by rotating the extension direction of the beams of a lattice structure, with the shape of a cube connected at its center as the smallest unit, by a predetermined angle each time the lattice is stacked.
(8)
The insulating material described in (1) includes the three-dimensional printed structure generated by changing at least one of the parameters of the diameter of the beams of a lattice structure, with the shape formed by connecting each vertex of a cube at its center as one smallest unit, the size of the cube, the height at which the lattice is stacked, the angle of the beams rotated each time the lattice is stacked, and the rotation angle when the lattice is stacked.
(9)
The insulation material described in (1), comprising the three-dimensional printed structure having a volume fraction of 7% or less.
(10)
The insulation material described in (1), comprising the three-dimensional printed structure having an average shielding rate of 98% or more.
(11)
The insulation material described in (1), comprising the three-dimensional printed structure having an opening rate of 15% or less at the maximum opening point.
(12)
1. A computer implemented printing method, comprising:
A printing method for printing a three-dimensional printed structure having a predetermined three-dimensional structure according to a purpose of a product to constitute at least a part of the product.
(13)
1. A three dimensional printed structure constituting at least a portion of a product, comprising:
A wearing article comprising a three-dimensional printed structure printed to have a predetermined three-dimensional structure according to the purpose of the product.

Claims (11)

A three-dimensional printed structure that is printed to have a predetermined three-dimensional structure,
The predetermined three-dimensional structure has an opening ratio equal to or less than a first threshold and a volume density equal to or less than a second threshold. The insulation material described in claim 1, characterized in that it includes a three-dimensional printed structure, the opening ratio in a direction perpendicular to the sandwich direction when the three-dimensional printed structure is sandwiched between any shielding layer is less than or equal to the first threshold value. The insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a three-dimensional printed structure, the shielding rate of which is within a predetermined range when the projection surface onto the three-dimensional printed structure is rotated 360 degrees at a predetermined angle of incidence by rotating the projection surface at a predetermined angle at a predetermined angle. The insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a three-dimensional printed structure having a shielding rate within a predetermined range calculated based on the transmittance of light projected from a projection surface to the three-dimensional printed structure. The thermal insulation material according to claim 1 , comprising the three-dimensional printed structure generated so as to block light from all celestial directions. The insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes the three-dimensional printed structure generated by changing parameters related to a lattice structure in which the shape formed by connecting each vertex of a cube at its center is the smallest unit. The insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a three-dimensional printed structure generated by rotating the direction in which the beams of a lattice structure, in which the shape formed by connecting each vertex of a cube at its center is the smallest unit, by a predetermined angle each time the lattice is stacked. The insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes the three-dimensional printed structure generated by changing at least any one of the parameters of the diameter of the beams of a lattice structure, in which the shape formed by connecting each vertex of a cube at its center is one smallest unit, the size of the cube, the height at which the lattice is stacked, the angle of the beams rotated each time the lattice is stacked, and the rotation angle when the lattice is stacked. The insulation material of claim 1 , comprising the three-dimensional printed structure having a volume fraction of 7% or less. The insulation material of claim 1 , comprising the three-dimensional printed structure having an average shielding rate of 98% or more. The insulation material according to claim 1 , comprising the three-dimensional printed structure, the opening ratio of the maximum open area being 15% or less.

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