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WO2024244401A1 - Procédé et système de planification de connexion pour transmission de données - Google Patents

Procédé et système de planification de connexion pour transmission de données Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024244401A1
WO2024244401A1 PCT/CN2023/139634 CN2023139634W WO2024244401A1 WO 2024244401 A1 WO2024244401 A1 WO 2024244401A1 CN 2023139634 W CN2023139634 W CN 2023139634W WO 2024244401 A1 WO2024244401 A1 WO 2024244401A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connection
cache server
health value
data transmission
migration signal
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2023/139634
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴林江
鄢智勇
李嘉瑛
程僚
洪瀚思
唐海群
刘芳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China Telecom Cloud Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
China Telecom Cloud Technology Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by China Telecom Cloud Technology Co Ltd filed Critical China Telecom Cloud Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2024244401A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024244401A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/14—Session management
    • H04L67/148—Migration or transfer of sessions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
    • H04L43/0829—Packet loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0876—Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
    • H04L43/0894—Packet rate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1001—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
    • H04L67/1029—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers using data related to the state of servers by a load balancer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/50—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wire-line communication networks, e.g. low power modes or reduced link rate

Definitions

  • connection scheduling technology mainly relate to the field of connection scheduling technology, and specifically to a connection scheduling method and system for data transmission.
  • the content distribution network includes multiple groups of cache servers distributed in various regions. Each group of cache servers stores a copy of the data. When a user has a data request, the data is provided to the user through a cache server in the cache server group closest to the user.
  • the cache server When providing data to users, the cache server needs to connect to the user end.
  • the quality of the connection directly affects the effect of data transmission.
  • the cache server works abnormally or the network jitters, the quality of the connection between the cache server and the user end will deteriorate, which will lead to poor data transmission effect.
  • connection scheduling method and system for data transmission propose a connection scheduling method and system for data transmission to solve the problem in the prior art that the data transmission effect deteriorates due to the deterioration of the connection quality between the cache server and the user end.
  • an embodiment of the present specification provides a connection scheduling method for data transmission, comprising the following steps: obtaining a first connection, where the first connection is a connection between a first cache server and a user terminal, and the first connection is a QUIC connection;
  • the first connection is disconnected and a second connection is formed, where the second connection is a connection between the second cache server and the user terminal, and the second connection is a QUIC connection.
  • determining whether the first connection is a normal connection or an abnormal connection specifically comprises the following steps:
  • the first connection When the data transmission rate of the first connection is lower than a preset data transmission rate threshold and/or when the data packet loss rate of the first connection is higher than a preset data packet loss rate threshold, the first connection is determined to be an abnormal connection; otherwise, the first connection is determined to be a normal connection.
  • determining the second cache server specifically includes the following steps:
  • a second cache server is determined according to the health value.
  • the health value of each cache server is calculated by the following formula:
  • iUM is the IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • iUM max is the maximum IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • i embodyl is the minimum IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • x i embody is the first health value of the cache server
  • iowait is the percentage of the cache server's CPU being idle but with unfinished disk IO requests in a sampling period
  • iowait max is the maximum percentage of the cache server's CPU being idle but with unfinished disk IO requests in a sampling period
  • iowait min is the minimum percentage of the cache server's CPU being idle but with unfinished disk IO requests in a sampling period
  • x iowait is the second health value of the cache server
  • X is the health value of the cache server.
  • disconnecting the first connection and establishing the second connection specifically comprises the following steps:
  • the first connection is disconnected and the second connection is completed according to the ID password and encryption method.
  • connection scheduling system for data transmission including:
  • a first connection acquisition module used to acquire a first connection, where the first connection is a connection between a first cache server and a client, and the first connection is a QUIC connection;
  • a first connection determination module used to determine whether the first connection is a normal connection or an abnormal connection
  • a first migration signal acquisition module used to acquire the first migration signal
  • a second migration signal generating module configured to generate a second migration signal when the second cache server determines that the migration is completed
  • a second migration signal acquisition module used for acquiring the second migration signal
  • a connection disconnection forming module is used to disconnect the first connection and form a second connection after obtaining the second migration signal, wherein the second connection is a connection between the second cache server and the user terminal, and the second connection is a QUIC connection.
  • the first connection determination module specifically includes:
  • a data transmission rate calculation unit configured to calculate a data transmission rate of the first connection
  • a data packet loss rate calculation unit configured to calculate the data packet loss rate of the first connection
  • the first connection determination unit is configured to determine that the first connection is an abnormal connection when the data transmission rate of the first connection is less than a preset data transmission rate threshold and/or when the data packet loss rate of the first connection is greater than a preset data packet loss rate threshold; otherwise, determine that the first connection is a normal connection.
  • the second cache server determination module specifically includes:
  • a health value calculation unit used to calculate the health values of other cache servers in the cache server group
  • the second cache server determining unit is configured to determine the second cache server according to the health value.
  • the health value calculation unit specifically includes:
  • a first health value calculation subunit which calculates a first health value by the following formula (1);
  • iUM is the IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • iUM max is the maximum IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • i embodyl is the minimum IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • x i embody is the first health value of the cache server
  • a third health value calculation subunit calculates a third health value using the following formula (3);
  • X is the health value of the cache server.
  • connection disconnection forming module specifically includes:
  • a connection information acquisition unit used to acquire an ID password and an encryption method for the first connection
  • connection scheduling method and system of the embodiments of the present specification can automatically detect and promptly discover abnormal conditions in the first connection between the first cache server and the user terminal; when an abnormal condition occurs in the first connection, a second cache server that has a second connection with the user terminal can be quickly and effectively found, and the second cache server can continue to efficiently and stably transmit data to the user terminal through the second connection; the switching operation between the first connection and the second connection is simple and convenient, and after the first connection is switched to the second connection, the connection entity remains unchanged and will not affect the reception of data by the user terminal.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a connection scheduling system for data transmission provided in an embodiment of the present specification.
  • Embodiment 1 A connection scheduling method for data transmission, as shown in FIG1 , comprises the following steps:
  • first connection is a connection between a first cache server and a user terminal, and the first connection is a QUIC connection.
  • the first connection acquisition module of cache server No. 1 can acquire the first connection
  • the first connection acquisition module of cache server No. 3 can also acquire the first connection
  • the other three cache servers cannot acquire the first connection.
  • the first connection determination module of cache server No. 1 needs to determine whether the corresponding first connection is an abnormal connection.
  • the first connection determination module of cache server No. 3 also needs to determine whether the corresponding first connection is an abnormal connection. Since the other three cache servers have not acquired the first connection, they do not need to perform first connection determination.
  • the specific steps of determining whether the first connection is a normal connection or an abnormal connection include:
  • a certain number (for example, 100) of data transmission rate initial values are collected at a certain data collection frequency, and then the data transmission rate initial values are grouped (for example, 10.0K/s, 10.9K/s, 10.3K/s, etc., the data transmission rate initial values starting with 10 are grouped into one group; 15.0K/s, 15.2K/s, 15.7K/s, etc., the data transmission rate initial values starting with 15 are grouped into one group; 22.1K/s, 22.2K/s, 22.8K/s, etc., the data transmission rate initial values starting with 22 are grouped into one group).
  • a group of data transmission rate initial values with the largest number of data is obtained, for example, a group of data transmission rate initial values has the largest number of data, with a total of 8.0K/s, 8.9K/s, 8.3K/s, 8.1K/s, 8.2K/s, 8.3K/s, 8.8K/s, 8.9K/s, 8.3K/s, and 8.6K/s.
  • the average value of the initial values of the data transmission rate is calculated to obtain 8.44 K/s.
  • the average value of the initial values of the data transmission rate is used as the data transmission rate of the first connection, that is, in this embodiment, 8.44 K/s is used as the data transmission rate of the first connection.
  • L22 Calculate the data packet loss rate of the first connection, that is, calculate the data packet loss rate between the first cache server and the user terminal. Data is divided into data packets for transmission in the network, and the data packet loss rate refers to the ratio of the number of data packets lost during the transmission process to the number of data packets sent. This embodiment directly uses the existing technology to calculate the data packet loss rate of the first connection.
  • the preset data transmission rate threshold may be 10K/s
  • the preset data packet loss rate threshold may be 10%.
  • the first connection is determined to be an abnormal connection, which cannot efficiently and stably transmit data. Only when the data transmission rate of the first connection is greater than or equal to 10K/s and the data packet loss rate is less than or equal to 10%, the first connection is determined to be a normal connection.
  • the first connection of cache server No. 1 is determined to be an abnormal connection.
  • the first connection of cache server No. 3 is determined to be a normal connection.
  • steps L1 and L2 need to be continuously repeated until the first connection cannot be obtained (that is, cache server No. 3 and client 2 are disconnected), or the determination result of the first connection of cache server No. 3 changes to that the first connection is an abnormal connection.
  • the first migration signal generating module of the corresponding cache server When a first connection is determined to be an abnormal connection, the first migration signal generating module of the corresponding cache server will generate a first migration signal. When a connection is abnormal, the first migration signal generation module of cache server No. 1 generates a first migration signal and sends the first migration signal to the first migration signal acquisition module of the cache server group.
  • the first migration signal can be a combination signal of a high level plus a high level plus a low level plus the corresponding cache server number.
  • the first migration signal acquisition module of the cache server group receives the first migration signal sent by cache server No. 1, it will be known that there is a problem with the first connection between cache server No. 1 and user terminal 1, and cache server No. 1 cannot efficiently and stably send data to user terminal 1 through the first connection.
  • cache server No. 1 cannot efficiently and stably send data to user terminal 1 through the first connection.
  • each cache server is provided with a health value calculation unit, and the health value calculation unit calculates the health value of the corresponding cache server by the following formula:
  • iUM is the IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • iUM max is the maximum IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • i embodyl is the minimum IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • x i embodyl is the first health value of the cache server.
  • iUM max is an empirical constant, for example, it can be 0.9.
  • iUM min is also an empirical constant, for example, it can be 0.1. Assuming that iutil in this embodiment is 0.2 (corresponding to cache server No. 2) or 0.5 (corresponding to cache server No. 3) or 0.3 (corresponding to cache server No. 4) or 0.2 (corresponding to cache server No. 5), then correspondingly, x iutil (i.e., the first health value) in this embodiment is 0.125 (corresponding to cache server No. 2) or 0.5 (corresponding to cache server No. 3) or 0.25 (corresponding to cache server No. 4) or 0.125 (corresponding to cache server No. 5).
  • iowait is the percentage of the cache server's CPU being idle but with unfinished disk IO requests within a sampling period
  • iowait max is the maximum percentage of the cache server's CPU being idle but with unfinished disk IO requests within a sampling period
  • iowait min is the minimum percentage of the cache server's CPU being idle but with unfinished disk IO requests within a sampling period
  • x iowait is the second health value of the cache server.
  • iowait max is an empirical constant, such as 0.8.
  • iowait min is also an empirical constant, such as 0.1.
  • iowait in this embodiment is 0.2 (corresponding to cache server No. 2) or 0.6 (corresponding to cache server No. 3). server) or 0.9 (corresponding to cache server No. 4) or 0.3 (corresponding to cache server No. 5), then correspondingly, the x iowait (i.e., the second health value) of this embodiment is 0.143 (corresponding to cache server No. 2) or 0.714 (corresponding to cache server No. 3) or 1 (corresponding to cache server No. 4) or 0.286 (corresponding to cache server No. 5).
  • x cpu is the third health value of the cache server.
  • c is 0.1
  • x cpu is 0.4 (corresponding to cache server No. 2) or 0.6 (corresponding to cache server No. 3) or 0.5 (corresponding to cache server No. 4) or 0.3 (corresponding to cache server No. 5).
  • X is the health value of the cache server.
  • the final health value of the cache server is the maximum value among the first health value, the second health value, and the third health value. The larger the health value of the cache server is, the less healthy it is actually.
  • the final health value of cache server No. 2 is 0.4. Since the first health value of cache server No. 3 is 0.5, the second health value is 0.714, and the third health value is 0.6, the final health value of cache server No. 3 is 0.714. Since the first health value of cache server No. 4 is 0.25, the second health value is 1, and the third health value is 0.5, the final health value of cache server No. 4 is 1. Since the first health value of cache server No. 5 is 0.125, the second health value is 0.286, and the third health value is 0.3, the final health value of cache server No. 5 is 0.3.
  • L42 Determine a second cache server based on the health value.
  • the cache server group can obtain the current health value of each cache server. For example, the current health value of cache server No. 2 is 0.4, the health value of cache server No. 3 is 0.714, the health value of cache server No. 4 is 1, and the health value of cache server No. 5 is 0.3. The smaller the health value, the healthier the corresponding cache server. Therefore, this embodiment determines that cache server No. 5 is the second cache server.
  • the cache server group When the second cache server is determined, the cache server group will generate a second migration signal, indicating that the "connection" can be migrated.
  • the second migration signal can be a combination signal of a low level plus a high level plus a high level, and the cache server group will send the second migration signal to the first cache server (for example, cache server No. 1 in this embodiment) and the second cache server (for example, cache server No. 5 in this embodiment) respectively.
  • the first connection includes a connection body, a connection port 1 and a connection port 2, wherein the connection port 1 is connected to the user end, and the connection port 2 is connected to the first cache server.
  • the second connection also includes a connection body, a connection port 1 and a connection port 2, wherein the connection port 1 is connected to the user end, and the connection port 2 is connected to the second cache server.
  • the second connection is essentially the same connection as the first connection, except that the connection port 2 of the second connection is connected to the second cache server.
  • the second cache server When the second cache server obtains the second migration signal, it needs to change the connection port 2 of the first connection to the connection with the second cache server through the connection disconnection formation module. At this time, the second connection is formed and the first connection is automatically disconnected. That is, for the same connection, at the beginning, its connection port 2 is connected to the first cache server, which is called the first connection; later, the connection port 2 of this connection is changed to connect to the second cache server, which is called the second connection.
  • both the first connection and the second connection are QUIC connections.
  • connection and the QUIC connection based on the UDP protocol.
  • the TCP connection consists of four elements: source IP, source port, destination IP, and destination port. When one of the elements changes, the TCP connection will be disconnected, and a new TCP connection can only be re-established later.
  • the QUIC connection uses an ID password (a 64-bit random number) to identify the connection. As long as the ID password remains unchanged, even if the user side or the cache server side changes, the connection itself remains unchanged, allowing the newly formed second connection to continue to transmit data for the same data request. For example, the first connection was originally transmitting data for data request A, and 2/3 of the data had been transmitted. At this time, the first connection was found to be abnormal and was changed to the second connection. The second connection can continuously transmit the remaining 1/3 of the data for data request A.
  • step L6 disconnecting the first connection and establishing the second connection specifically includes the following steps:
  • the cache server group sends the second migration signal to the first cache server and the second cache server at the same time.
  • the first cache server receives the second migration signal, it extracts the ID password and encryption method of the first connection, and then sends it to the connection information forwarding unit of the cache server group.
  • the connection information forwarding unit forwards the ID password and encryption method to the second cache server.
  • the connection information acquisition unit of the second cache server can finally obtain the ID password and encryption method of the first connection.
  • L62 Disconnect the first connection and complete the second connection according to the ID password and encryption method.
  • the connection disconnection formation unit of the second cache server can identify the first connection through the ID password and encryption method, and change the connection port 2 of the first connection to connect to the second cache server.
  • the second connection is automatically formed, and the first connection is automatically disconnected.
  • the second cache server can continue to provide data to the client.
  • the connection body of the second connection is the same as that of the first connection, and the connection body has not changed, so it will not affect the client receiving data.
  • the connection scheduling method for data transmission of this embodiment can automatically detect and promptly discover abnormal conditions in the first connection between the first cache server and the user terminal; when an abnormal condition occurs in the first connection, a second cache server that establishes a second connection with the user terminal can be quickly and effectively found, and the second cache server can continue to efficiently and stably transmit data to the user terminal through the second connection; the switching operation between the first connection and the second connection is simple and convenient, and after the first connection is switched to the second connection, the connection entity remains unchanged and will not affect the reception of data by the user terminal.
  • Embodiment 2 A connection scheduling system for data transmission, used to execute the connection scheduling method described in Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 2, the connection scheduling system of this embodiment specifically includes: a first connection acquisition module, a first connection determination module, a first migration signal generation module, a first migration signal acquisition module, a second cache server determination module, a second migration signal generation module, a second migration signal acquisition module and a connection disconnection formation module.
  • the first connection acquisition module is used to acquire a first connection, wherein the first connection is a connection between a first cache server and a user terminal, and the first connection is a QUIC connection.
  • the first connection determination module is used to determine whether the first connection is a normal connection or an abnormal connection.
  • the first migration signal generation module is used to generate a first migration signal when the first connection is an abnormal connection; the first migration signal acquisition module is used to acquire the first migration signal.
  • the second cache server determination module is used to determine the second cache server after acquiring the first migration signal.
  • the second migration signal generation module is used to generate a second migration signal when the second cache server is determined to be completed.
  • the second migration signal acquisition module is used to acquire the second migration signal.
  • the connection disconnection formation module is used to disconnect the first connection and form a second connection after acquiring the second migration signal, wherein the second connection is a connection between the second cache server and the user terminal, and the second connection is a QUIC connection.
  • the first connection determination module specifically includes: a data transmission rate calculation unit, a data packet loss rate calculation unit and a first connection determination unit.
  • the data transmission rate calculation unit is used to calculate the data transmission rate of the first connection.
  • the data packet loss rate calculation unit is used to calculate the data packet loss rate of the first connection.
  • the first connection determination unit is used to determine that the first connection is an abnormal connection when the data transmission rate of the first connection is less than a preset data transmission rate threshold and/or when the data packet loss rate of the first connection is greater than a preset data packet loss rate threshold; otherwise, determine that the first connection is a normal connection.
  • the second cache server determination module specifically includes: a health value calculation unit and a second cache server determination unit.
  • the health value calculation unit is used to calculate the health values of other cache servers in the cache server group.
  • the second cache server determination unit is used to determine the second cache server according to the health value.
  • the health value calculation unit specifically includes: a first health value calculation subunit, a second health value calculation subunit, a third health value calculation subunit and a health value calculation subunit.
  • the first health value calculation subunit calculates the first health value using the following formula (1).
  • iUM is the IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • iUM max is the maximum IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • i embodyl is the minimum IO usage rate of the disk in the cache server
  • x i embodyl is the first health value of the cache server.
  • the second health value calculation subunit calculates the second health value using the following formula (2).
  • iowait is the percentage of the cache server's CPU being idle but with unfinished disk IO requests within a sampling period
  • iowait max is the maximum percentage of the cache server's CPU being idle but with unfinished disk IO requests within a sampling period
  • iowait min is the minimum percentage of the cache server's CPU being idle but with unfinished disk IO requests within a sampling period
  • x iowait is the second health value of the cache server.
  • the third health value calculation subunit calculates the third health value using the following formula (3).
  • x cpu is the third health value of the cache server.
  • the health value calculation subunit calculates the health value using the following formula (4).
  • X max(x i embod ,x iowait ,x cpu ) (4)
  • X is the health value of the cache server.
  • the disconnection forming module specifically includes: a connection information acquisition unit and a disconnection forming unit.
  • the connection information acquisition unit is used to acquire the ID password and encryption method of the first connection.
  • the disconnection forming unit is used to disconnect the first connection and complete the second connection according to the ID password and encryption method.
  • the connection scheduling system for data transmission of this embodiment can automatically detect and promptly discover abnormal conditions in the first connection between the first cache server and the user terminal; when an abnormal condition occurs in the first connection, a second cache server that establishes a second connection with the user terminal can be quickly and effectively found, and the second cache server can continue to efficiently and stably transmit data to the user terminal through the second connection; the switching operation between the first connection and the second connection is simple and convenient, and after the first connection is switched to the second connection, the connection entity remains unchanged and will not affect the reception of data by the user terminal.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer And Data Communications (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

Les modes de réalisation de la présente description concernent principalement le domaine technique de la planification de connexion, et en particulier un procédé et un système de planification de connexion pour la transmission de données. Le procédé de planification de connexion pour une transmission de données comprend les étapes suivantes consistant à : acquérir une première connexion, la première connexion étant une connexion entre un premier serveur de mémoire cache et une extrémité utilisateur, et la première connexion étant une connexion QUIC ; déterminer que la première connexion est une connexion normale ou une connexion anormale ; lorsque la première connexion est une connexion anormale, générer un premier signal de migration ; une fois le premier signal de migration acquis, déterminer un second serveur de mémoire cache ; lorsque la détermination du second serveur de mémoire cache est achevée, générer un second signal de migration ; et une fois le second signal de migration acquis, couper la première connexion et établir une seconde connexion. Le procédé et le système de planification de connexion dans les modes de réalisation de la présente description peuvent résoudre le problème de l'état de la technique d'effets de transmission de données médiocres provoqués par une mauvaise qualité de connexion entre des serveurs de mémoire cache et des extrémités utilisateur.
PCT/CN2023/139634 2023-05-31 2023-12-18 Procédé et système de planification de connexion pour transmission de données Pending WO2024244401A1 (fr)

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