WO2024125849A1 - Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante comportant un élément traversant - Google Patents
Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante comportant un élément traversant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024125849A1 WO2024125849A1 PCT/EP2023/077484 EP2023077484W WO2024125849A1 WO 2024125849 A1 WO2024125849 A1 WO 2024125849A1 EP 2023077484 W EP2023077484 W EP 2023077484W WO 2024125849 A1 WO2024125849 A1 WO 2024125849A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- primary
- waterproof
- insulating
- truncated
- thermally insulating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/001—Thermal insulation specially adapted for cryogenic vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
- F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
- F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
- F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
- F17C2209/221—Welding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
- F17C2260/011—Improving strength
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
- F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of manufacturing waterproof and thermally insulating tanks in a supporting structure.
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of tanks intended to contain cold or hot liquids, and more particularly tanks for the storage and/or transport of liquefied gas by sea, such tanks having to accommodate a through element.
- Airtight and thermally insulating tanks can be used in different industries to store a hot or cold product.
- waterproof and thermally insulating tanks are commonly used for land storage or embedded in floating structures, for example for the transport by sea of liquefied gases at atmospheric pressure and low temperature.
- liquefied gases can be liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) transported at a temperature between -50 C and 0°C, liquid hydrogen (LH2) transported at a temperature of approximately -253°C, or even liquefied natural gas (LNG) transported at a temperature of approximately -163°C.
- LPG liquefied petroleum gases
- LH2 liquid hydrogen
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- the floating structures carrying the waterproof and thermally insulating tanks are in particular barges, LNG ships for transporting the product and off-shore installations, known in particular under the names of floating production, storage and unloading units ( Floating Production Storage and Offloading , abbreviated FPSO) and floating storage and regasification unit (Floating Storage and Regasification Unit , abbreviated FSRU), for the storage, liquefaction or regasification of the product.
- FPSO floating Production Storage and Offloading
- FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
- waterproof and thermally insulating tanks are made up of one or more waterproof membranes associated with insulating layers.
- a waterproof and thermally insulating tank comprising a tank wall fixed on a supporting structure, in which the tank wall has a multilayer structure which successively comprises, from the outside towards the inside the tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier anchored against the supporting structure, a secondary waterproof membrane which is supported by the secondary thermally insulating barrier, a primary thermally insulating barrier which is supported by the secondary waterproof membrane and a primary waterproof membrane which is supported by the primary thermally insulating barrier and which is intended to be in contact with the product contained in the tank.
- ship tanks In addition to these thermal effects of contraction and expansion, which are repeated over time during the life of any watertight and thermally insulating tank, ship tanks also undergo forces due to the deformation of the ship's hull at the This results in fatigue phenomena in the waterproof membranes and thermally insulating barriers, which must be monitored over time to prevent any rupture, particularly at the level of elements passing through a particular zone of the tank wall, for example, in the ceiling wall of the tank, at the level of a vapor collecting pipe or a gas dome structure or, in the bottom wall of the tank, at the level of a sump structure or 'a support leg for heavy equipment.
- a first object of the invention provides, according to one embodiment, a sealed and thermally insulating tank arranged in a supporting structure to contain a fluid, the sealed and thermally insulating tank comprising a tank wall anchored on a supporting wall of the structure load-bearing, the tank wall comprising, in a thickness direction from the outside towards the inside of said sealed and thermally insulating tank, at least one thermally insulating barrier and a waterproof membrane carried by the thermally insulating barrier.
- the thermally insulating barrier may comprise a plurality of insulating panels, for example secondary insulating panels, in the form of parallelepiped blocks anchored against the supporting wall, the insulating panels being arranged in the form of parallel rows, a row comprising a plurality of insulating panels juxtaposed in a first direction in a repeated pattern, the rows being juxtaposed in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, a singular row among said rows comprising an interruption zone having a dimension in the first direction equal to one dimension of the repeated pattern.
- the waterproof membrane for example a secondary waterproof membrane, may comprise a plurality of alloy strakes with a low expansion coefficient parallel to the first direction, each strake having a flat central portion resting on an upper surface of the insulating panels and two raised edges making projecting towards the inside of the tank in relation to the flat central portion, the strakes being juxtaposed in the second direction in a repeated pattern and welded together in a watertight manner at the raised edges, of the anchoring wings anchored to the insulating panels and parallel to the first direction being arranged between the juxtaposed strakes to retain the waterproof membrane, on the thermally insulating barrier, a dimension of the strakes in the second direction being smaller than a dimension of the insulating panels in the second direction, said strakes comprising a plurality of strakes cut out which provide a window to the right of the interruption zone.
- the sealed and thermally insulating tank may further comprise a through element disposed through said tank wall, so that the through element passes through the thermally insulating barrier in a central portion of the interruption zone and through the membrane waterproof, in a central portion of said window, the through element comprising a main body extending in the direction of thickness of the tank wall and a sealed plate parallel to the supporting wall linked to the periphery of the main body and s extending around the main body at the same level as the upper surface of the insulating panels.
- the thermally insulating barrier may comprise at least one filling panel arranged in the interruption zone around the through element and anchored against the supporting wall, and at least one metal closing sheet may rest on an upper surface of said at at least one filling panel, said at least one closing sheet having a first edge welded in a sealed manner to the sealed plate around the main body.
- Said cut strakes have edge portions bordering said window which cover a second edge of said at least one closing sheet and are welded in a sealed manner to said at least one closing sheet, so that said at least one closing sheet extends the waterproof membrane to the waterproof plate.
- such a waterproof and thermally insulating tank may have one or more of the following characteristics.
- the insulating panels have a square section shape having an equal dimension in the first direction and the second direction.
- the waterproof tray can have different contour shapes.
- the waterproof plate has a circular outline.
- the waterproof plate has a square or rectangular outline.
- the tank wall comprises four identical filling panels arranged respectively in four sectors of the interruption zone, the four sectors being separated from each other by a first center line of the interruption zone extending in the first direction and by a second center line of the interruption zone extending in the second direction.
- the tank wall comprises four identical filling panels arranged respectively in four sectors of the interruption zone, the four sectors being separated from each other by a first diagonal and by a second diagonal of the zone d 'interruption.
- the tank wall comprises two identical filling panels arranged respectively in two sectors of the interruption zone, the two sectors being separated from each other by a first center line of the interruption zone. interruption extending in the first direction or the second direction.
- the main body has a circular contour shape, said at least one filling panel comprising a proximal side face extending in the thickness direction and facing the main body, the proximal side face having a circular arc shape.
- said filling panel comprises a proximal side face extending in the thickness direction and facing towards the main body and at least one distal side face extending in the thickness direction and facing towards insulating panels adjacent to the interruption zone, the closing sheet being fixed on the upper surface of said filling panel, by fixing parts, for example metal inserts or fixing screws, arranged on the upper surface along of a said distal lateral face, the edge portions of said cut strakes being arranged to cover said fixing parts.
- fixing parts for example metal inserts or fixing screws
- the closing sheet can extend onto one or more insulating panels adjacent to the interruption zone and be fixed on the upper surface of at least one insulating panel onto which it extends by means of fixing parts, for example metal inserts. or fixing screws, arranged on the upper surface of the insulating panel along an edge adjacent to the interruption zone. In this case, the closing sheet is simply resting on the filling panel without being fixed there.
- the closing sheet is fixed to the upper surface of the filling panel or the insulating panel adjacent to the interruption zone by welds on metal inserts, the edge portions of said cut strakes being arranged to cover said welds.
- said filling panel or the insulating panel adjacent to the interruption zone comprises a cover plate forming the upper surface, the cover plate comprising a countersink to receive the fixing parts, for example to receive the metal inserts or to receive the heads of said fixing screws.
- the fixing parts are arranged in the form of a row of parts parallel to said distal lateral face of the filling panel or parallel to an edge of the insulating panel adjacent to the interruption zone, said countersinking having the shape of a groove parallel to said distal side face of the filling panel or parallel to an edge of the insulating panel adjacent to the interruption zone.
- the rows are juxtaposed in the second direction in a repeated pattern, the dimension of the repeated pattern of the rows being twice the dimension of the repeated pattern of the strakes in the second direction, in which the cut strakes rest on the row singular and comprise a central cut-out strake and two lateral cut-out strakes located on either side of the central cut-out strake, the raised edges of the central cut-out strake being offset in the second direction relative to the edges of said singular row, the strake central cut-out resting entirely on said singular row and being interrupted in its entire width at the level of the window, each said lateral cut-out strake being arranged astride the singular row and a row adjacent to said singular row and being interrupted in a portion of its width at window level.
- the main body has a circular contour shape and a diameter of the main body parallel to the first direction is located in the extension of the flat central portion of the central cut-out strake.
- the thermally insulating barrier is a secondary thermally insulating barrier and the waterproof membrane is a secondary waterproof membrane, said rows being secondary rows, said insulating panels being secondary insulating panels, the singular row being a singular secondary row , the tank wall further comprising, in the direction of thickness, from the inside to the outside of the sealed and thermally insulating tank, a primary thermally insulating barrier carried by the secondary waterproof membrane and a primary waterproof membrane carried by the primary thermally insulating barrier, the primary waterproof membrane being intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the waterproof and thermally insulating tank.
- the primary thermally insulating barrier may comprise a plurality of primary rows parallel to the first direction, a primary row comprising a plurality of primary insulating panels juxtaposed in the first direction, the primary insulating panels being in the form of parallelepiped blocks having an equal dimension to the dimension of the secondary insulating panels in the second direction, in which the primary rows are offset in the second direction relative to the secondary rows so that each primary row is superimposed astride two secondary rows.
- primary retaining members are carried by the secondary insulating panels and cooperate with the primary insulating panels to retain the primary insulating panels on the secondary waterproof membrane.
- a first singular primary row and a second singular primary row among said primary rows are superimposed on the singular secondary row, the first singular primary row and the second singular primary row each comprising at least one primary insulating panel truncated at right of the interruption zone, each truncated primary insulating panel comprising a truncated edge facing the main body, the truncated edge developing away from a first interface line in order to bypass the main body, the first line interface being located between the first singular primary row and the second singular primary row and parallel to the first direction.
- a first additional primary anchoring member is fixed on the sealed plate to the right of the first interface line and cooperates with a first truncated primary insulating panel of the first singular primary row and with a first insulating panel truncated primary of the second singular primary row to retain said first truncated primary insulating panels on the waterproof plate.
- the primary rows are offset in the second direction by half the dimension of the secondary insulating panels in the second direction relative to the secondary rows, the first interface line coinciding with a first center line of the interruption zone.
- the offset of the primary rows in relation to the secondary rows makes it possible to obtain a more uniform distribution of the forces passing through the waterproof membranes and the primary insulation and being reflected on the secondary insulating panels of the supporting wall. Indeed, in this case, a pressure force exerted on a primary insulating panel is distributed over several, for example two or four, underlying secondary insulating panels.
- the primary retaining members are carried by the secondary insulating panels at a distance from the edges of the secondary insulating panels, for example in the center of the secondary insulating panels.
- the first singular primary row and the second singular primary row each comprise a second truncated primary insulating panel adjacent to the first truncated primary insulating panel, in which two first additional primary anchoring members are fixed on the watertight plate. right of the first interface line on either side of the main body and cooperate respectively with the first, respectively the second, truncated primary insulating panels of the first singular primary row and the second singular primary row, to retain said first , respectively the second, truncated primary insulating panels on the waterproof plate.
- two second additional primary anchoring members are fixed on the waterproof plate in line with a second interface line on either side of the main body and cooperate respectively with the first and second primary insulating panels truncated from the first singular primary row, respectively from the second singular primary row, to retain said first and second truncated primary insulating panels on the waterproof plate.
- each of the four truncated primary insulating panels is held to the waterproof plate of the crossing element by two additional primary anchoring members at the two ends of the truncated edge.
- This duplication of the anchoring points allows better retention of the truncated primary insulating panels on the secondary waterproof membrane, in particular to respond to the mechanical stresses endured.
- the primary insulating panels and the truncated primary insulating panels have a dimension equal to the dimension of the secondary insulating panels in the first direction, in which the interfaces between the primary insulating panels and the truncated primary insulating panels within the first and second singular primary rows are offset in the first direction by half the dimension of the secondary insulating panels in the first direction relative to the interfaces between the secondary insulating panels within the secondary rows, the second interface line coinciding with a second center line of the interruption zone.
- the first truncated primary insulating panels have a multilayer structure consisting, in the direction of thickness, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, of an external rigid surface, of a layer of foam insulating polymer and an internal rigid plate, the first truncated primary insulating panels comprising an oblong well passing through the internal rigid plate and the layer of insulating polymer foam to discover an internal surface area of the external rigid plate, said first member of additional anchor comprising an anchor plate bearing on the internal surface zone of the external rigid plate of said first truncated primary insulating panels.
- the additional primary anchoring member comprises a rod fixed to the waterproof plate and a cleat resting on the internal surface area of the external rigid plate, the anchoring plate resting on the cleat, a part upper part of the rod passing through the anchoring plate, said additional primary anchoring member also comprising a nut and at least one washer, the nut cooperating with the upper part of the rod and the at least one washer being threaded onto the rod between the nut and the anchor plate.
- the additional primary anchoring member also includes a wedge resting on the waterproof plate, the anchoring plate resting astride the cleat and the wedge.
- the anchor plate rests astride the batten and on an end edge of the through element.
- a second object of the invention provides, according to one embodiment, a thermally insulating tank arranged in a supporting structure to contain a fluid, the sealed and thermally insulating tank comprising a tank wall anchored on a supporting wall of the supporting structure , the tank wall comprising, in a thickness direction from the outside towards the inside of said sealed and thermally insulating tank, at least one thermally insulating barrier and a waterproof membrane carried by the thermally insulating barrier.
- Said thermally insulating barrier for example a primary thermally insulating barrier, may comprise a plurality of insulating panels, for example primary insulating panels, in the form of parallelepiped blocks, the insulating panels being arranged in the form of parallel rows, one row comprising a plurality of insulating panels juxtaposed in a first direction in a repeating pattern, the rows being juxtaposed in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction in a repeating pattern, the insulating panels having edges parallel to the first and second directions.
- the sealed and thermally insulating tank may further comprise a through element disposed through the tank wall, the through element comprising a main body extending in the direction of thickness of the tank wall and a sealed plate parallel to the load-bearing wall linked to the periphery of the main body and extending around the main body at the same level as an upper surface of the insulating panels.
- the waterproof membrane for example a primary waterproof membrane, may have first undulations spaced by a first wave pitch in the first direction and parallel to the second direction and flat portions located between the first undulations and resting on the upper surface insulating panels, one dimension of the repeated pattern of the insulating panels in the first direction being three times the first wave step.
- the through element may have a dimension between one and three times the first wave pitch in the first direction and crosses at least one singular row among said rows, the singular row comprising a first truncated insulating panel and a second truncated insulating panel adjacent to the first truncated insulating panel.
- Each truncated insulating panel may have a truncated edge facing the main body, the truncated edge extending away from an interface line to circumvent the main body, the interface line passing between the first truncated insulating panel and the second insulating panel truncated and being parallel to the second direction.
- the waterproof membrane may comprise a row of sheets parallel to the first direction and covering the singular row, the row of sheets comprising a plurality of rectangular sheets juxtaposed in the first direction in a repeated pattern and welded together in a sealed manner by edge zones , without or with mutual overlap, one dimension of the repeated pattern of the rectangular sheets in the first direction being three times the first wave pitch, the first undulations being spaced from the edges of the rectangular sheets in the first direction, each rectangular sheet comprising three said first undulations, welded junctions between the rectangular sheets being offset in the first direction relative to the interfaces between the insulating panels within the singular row.
- the row of sheets may comprise a first truncated rectangular sheet placed astride the first truncated insulating panel and the second truncated insulating panel and a second truncated rectangular sheet adjacent to the first truncated sheet and placed on the second truncated insulating panel.
- Each truncated rectangular sheet may have a truncated edge facing the main body, the truncated edge developing away from a welded junction in order to bypass the main body, the welded junction assembling the first truncated rectangular sheet to the second rectangular sheet truncated and being parallel to the second direction.
- the truncated edge of the first truncated rectangular sheet interrupts two first undulations of the first truncated rectangular sheet and the truncated edge of the second truncated rectangular sheet does not interrupt any first undulations of the second truncated rectangular sheet.
- closing parts connect the truncated edge of the first truncated rectangular sheet and the truncated edge of the second truncated rectangular sheet to the waterproof plate.
- such a waterproof and thermally insulating tank may have one or more of the following characteristics.
- first metal anchoring elements are fixed on the upper surface of the insulating panels of the singular row at a distance less than the first wave pitch from the edges of the insulating panels parallel to the second direction, and in which each rectangular sheet comprises a said flat portion extending astride the upper surface of two insulating panels of the singular row, the flat portion being welded to the first metal anchoring elements of the two insulating panels, and a flat portion of the first truncated rectangular sheet located between the two first undulations of the first truncated rectangular sheet interrupted by the truncated edge is welded to the first metal anchoring elements of the first truncated insulating panel and the second truncated insulating panel.
- the main body has a circular contour shape, in which the through element is arranged so that a diameter of the main body parallel to the second direction is located between the two first undulations of the first rectangular sheet truncated interrupted by the truncated edge, preferably in the middle of said two first undulations of the first truncated rectangular sheet.
- the singular row is a first singular row, in which the interface line is a second interface line and in which the through element further passes through a second singular row among said rows, a first line interface being located between the first singular row and the second singular row and parallel to the first direction, the second singular row comprising a first truncated insulating panel adjacent in the second direction to the first truncated (primary) insulating panel of the first singular row and a second truncated insulating panel adjacent in the second direction to the second truncated insulating panel of the second singular row, in which the second interface line also passes between the first truncated insulating panel and the second truncated insulating panel of the second singular row, each truncated insulating panel comprising a truncated edge facing the main body, the truncated edge developing away from the second interface line in order to bypass the main body.
- the waterproof membrane has second undulations spaced by a second wave pitch in the second direction and parallel to the first direction, the flat portions being located between the first undulations and between the second undulations, the second corrugations being spaced from the edges of the rectangular sheets in the second direction.
- a dimension of the repeated pattern of the rows in the second direction may be three times the second wave pitch, a dimension of the rectangular sheets in the second direction being greater than or equal to three times the second wave pitch, the row of sheets being arranged astride the first singular row and the second singular row.
- Second metal anchoring elements can be fixed on the upper surface of the first and second truncated insulating panels of the first singular row and the second singular row at a distance less than the second wave pitch from the edges of the truncated insulating panels parallel to the first direction.
- the first truncated rectangular sheet and, respectively, the second truncated rectangular sheet may comprise a said flat portion extending astride the first interface line, the flat portion being welded to the second metal anchoring elements of the first panels truncated insulating panels of the first singular row and the second singular row and, respectively, the second truncated insulating panels of the first singular row and the second singular row.
- the through element has a dimension between one and three times the second wave pitch in the second direction, in which the truncated edge of the first truncated rectangular sheet and the truncated edge of the second rectangular sheet truncated interrupt two said second undulations adjacent to the first interface line.
- the through element has a dimension less than three wave steps in the first direction and/or in the second direction, to avoid interrupting three first undulations, and/or avoid interrupting three second undulations.
- the through element has a dimension of between one and two wave steps in the first direction and/or in the second direction.
- a dimension of the rectangular sheets in the second direction is equal to nine times the second wave pitch, each rectangular sheet comprising nine so-called second corrugations, the two second corrugations adjacent to the first interface line having rows between 2 and 8, preferably rows between 4 and 6, the rows of the second corrugations being counted starting from one edge of the rectangular sheets.
- the main body has a circular contour shape, in which the through element is arranged so that a diameter of the main body parallel to the first direction is located between the two second undulations interrupted by the truncated edge of the first truncated rectangular sheet, preferably in the middle of said two second corrugations.
- the second wave step is equal to the first wave step.
- a height of the second undulations is less than a height of the first undulations.
- the first and second undulations are continuous at the intersections between first and second undulations.
- the closure parts comprise at least one metal closure plate on which the truncated edge of the first truncated rectangular sheet is welded, the at least one metal closure plate having an internal edge welded to the waterproof plate, at least four first end pieces being welded to the at least one metal closing plate to close on either side of the main body the first two undulations interrupted by the truncated edge of the first truncated rectangular sheet.
- At least four second end pieces are welded to the at least one metal closing plate to close on either side of the main body the two second undulations interrupted by the truncated edge of the first truncated rectangular sheet. and by the truncated edge of the second truncated rectangular sheet.
- the insulating panels have a square section shape having an equal dimension in the first direction and the second direction.
- the main body has a circular contour shape, the sealed plate having a circular contour concentric with the main body.
- the main body has a circular contour shape, the truncated edges of the first and second truncated insulating panels having arcuate shapes concentric with the main body.
- the waterproof membrane is a primary waterproof membrane intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the sealed and thermally insulating tank and the thermally insulating barrier is a primary thermally insulating barrier, the tank wall further comprising a secondary waterproof membrane placed between the primary thermally insulating barrier and the supporting wall and a secondary thermally insulating barrier placed between the secondary waterproof membrane and the supporting wall, the sealed plate being a primary sealed plate, the through element further comprising a secondary sealed plate parallel to the supporting wall linked to the periphery of the main body and extending around the main body at the same level as an upper surface of the secondary thermally insulating barrier.
- the invention also provides a sealed and thermally insulating tank arranged in a supporting structure to contain a fluid, the sealed and thermally insulating tank comprising a tank wall anchored on a supporting wall of the supporting structure, the wall tank comprising in a thickness direction from the outside towards the inside of said sealed and thermally insulating tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier, a secondary waterproof membrane, a primary thermally insulating barrier and a primary waterproof membrane.
- the sealed and thermally insulating tank comprises a through element disposed through said tank wall, so that the through element passes through the thermally insulating barriers and through the sealed membranes, the through element comprising a main body extending according to the direction of thickness of the tank wall and a sealed plate parallel to the supporting wall linked to the periphery of the main body and extending around the main body at the same level as the upper surface of the secondary thermally insulating barrier.
- the primary thermally insulating barrier comprises a plurality of primary rows parallel to a first direction, a primary row comprising a plurality of primary insulating panels juxtaposed in the first direction, the primary insulating panels being in the form of parallelepiped blocks.
- a first singular primary row and a second singular primary row among said primary rows each comprise at least one truncated primary insulating panel, each truncated primary insulating panel comprising a truncated edge facing the main body, the truncated edge developing away from a first interface line in order to bypass the main body, the first interface line being located between the first singular primary row and the second singular primary row and parallel to the first direction.
- a first primary anchoring member is fixed on the sealed plate to the right of the first interface line and cooperates with a first truncated primary insulating panel of the first singular primary row and with a first truncated primary insulating panel of the second primary row singular to retain said first truncated primary insulating panels on the waterproof plate.
- Such a waterproof and thermally insulating tank can be part of a land storage installation, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep water structure, in particular an LNG ship, an ethane carrier, a floating unit of storage and regasification unit (FSRU), a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
- FSRU floating unit of storage and regasification unit
- FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
- the invention also provides a ship for transporting a liquefied gas, the ship comprising a double hull and a waterproof and thermally insulating tank placed in the double hull.
- the double shell comprises an internet shell forming the supporting structure of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank.
- the invention also provides a transfer system for a liquefied gas, the transfer system comprising a ship, insulated pipes arranged so as to connect the sealed and thermally insulating tank placed in the double hull of the ship to a floating or land storage facility.
- the invention also provides a use of a ship for loading or unloading a liquefied gas, in which a liquefied gas is conveyed through insulated pipes from or to a floating storage installation or terrestrial to or from the watertight and thermally insulating tank of the ship.
- FIG. 1 There is a sectional view of a waterproof and thermally insulating tank wall and a support foot according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 1 There is a perspective view of a support leg and a tank wall that can be used in the waterproof and thermally insulating tank of the , the secondary waterproof membrane, the primary thermally insulating barrier and the primary waterproof membrane being omitted.
- FIG. 1 There is a perspective view of a filling panel, according to a first embodiment.
- portion shows an additional primary anchoring member capable of cooperating with truncated primary insulating panels in order to retain them against the secondary waterproof membrane.
- FIG. 1 There is a partial perspective view of a truncated primary insulation panel that can be used around the vapor collection pipe.
- a waterproof and thermally insulating tank intended for the storage and/or transport of LNG by sea.
- a sealed and thermally insulating tank can be a tank used for the land storage of other cold products, for example LPG or LH2.
- Such a waterproof and thermally insulating tank can be produced according to different geometries, for example a polyhedral geometry in the hull or double hull of a ship, a cylindrical geometry on land or other.
- the terms “on”, “above”, “upper”, and “top” generally refer to a position located towards the interior of the sealed and thermally insulating tank while the terms “under”, “ below”, “lower” and “bottom” generally refer to a position towards the outside of the sealed, thermally insulating vessel, regardless of the orientation of the vessel wall relative to the Earth's gravity field.
- the bottom wall presents, successively, in a thickness direction, from the outside towards the inside of the sealed and thermally insulating tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 comprising secondary insulating panels 13 juxtaposed and anchored to the supporting wall 1 of a supporting structure by secondary retaining members, a secondary waterproof membrane 3 carried by the secondary insulating panels 13 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, a primary thermally insulating barrier 4 comprising primary insulating panels 50 juxtaposed and anchored to the panels secondary insulators 13 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 4 by primary retaining members 19, and a primary waterproof membrane 5 carried by the primary insulating panels 50 of the primary thermally insulating barrier 5 and intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the waterproof and thermally insulating tank.
- the supporting wall 1 may in particular be a self-supporting metal sheet or, more generally, any type of rigid partition having appropriate mechanical properties.
- a plurality of load-bearing walls typically serves to form a load-bearing structure having the general shape of the sealed and thermally insulating tank.
- the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 comprises a plurality of secondary insulating panels 13 in the form of parallelepiped blocks anchored against the load-bearing wall 1 by means of resin beads (not illustrated) and/or studs 30 welded to the load-bearing wall 1 .
- the secondary insulating panels 13 are in the form of straight blocks with a square base. In other embodiments, the secondary insulating panels 13 can be in the form of straight blocks with a rectangular base.
- Each secondary insulating panel 13 comprises a layer of insulating polymer foam 15 sandwiched between two rigid plates, a bottom plate 14 and a cover plate 16.
- the cover plate 16 has in particular an upper surface 161 oriented towards the interior of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank.
- the bottom plate 14 and the cover plate 16 are, for example, plywood plates glued to said layer of insulating polymer foam 15.
- the layer of insulating polymer foam 15 can in particular be a layer of polyurethane-based foam.
- the polymer foam is reinforced by glass fibers helping to reduce its thermal contraction coefficient.
- Cover plate 16 has grooves 17 for receiving solder pads.
- the structure of the secondary insulating panel 13 is described above as an example. In other embodiments, the secondary insulating panels 13 may have another general structure.
- the secondary insulating panels 13 are produced in the form of a box comprising a bottom plate, a cover plate and supporting sails extending in the thickness direction of the wall of tank, between the bottom plate and the cover plate and delimiting a plurality of compartments filled with an insulating filling, such as perlite, glass wool or rock wool.
- the secondary insulating panels 13 comprise not two but three rigid plates, namely a bottom plate, an intermediate plate and a cover plate, as well as two layers of polymer foam, the first layer of insulating polymer foam being sandwiched between the bottom plate and the intermediate plate, and the second layer of insulating polymer foam being sandwiched between the intermediate plate and the cover plate.
- the secondary insulating panels 13 are provided with cylindrical wells 18, illustrated in the , crossing the secondary insulating panels 13 over their entire thickness and provided in the vicinity of each of the corners of the secondary insulating panels 13.
- the cylindrical wells 18 have a change in section, not illustrated, defining bearing surfaces on nuts cooperating with the threaded ends of the studs 30.
- the cylindrical wells 18 have a first section of between 40 and 50 mm in the layer of insulating polymer foam 15 and a second section of between 15 and 25 mm in the bottom plate 14 defining the surface of support for the nuts.
- the secondary insulating panels 13 are juxtaposed in parallel secondary rows. More precisely, a secondary insulating panel constitutes a pattern repeated in a longitudinal direction L and in a transverse direction T so that the supporting wall 1 of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank is “paved” with secondary insulating panels 13.
- the secondary insulating panels 13 are separated from each other by gaps guaranteeing functional assembly clearance.
- the gaps are filled with a heat-insulating pad, such as glass wool, rock wool or flexible open-cell synthetic foam for example.
- the heat-insulating lining is advantageously made of a porous material so as to provide gas flow spaces in the gaps between the secondary insulating panels.
- the singular secondary row includes a square interruption zone 20 of the same dimensions as those of the repeated pattern, ie of a secondary insulating panel 13.
- a through element constituting a support leg 6, centered on the interruption zone 20, is arranged through the bottom wall of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank.
- the support foot 6 extends through the secondary 2 and primary 4 thermally insulating barriers as well as the secondary 3 and primary 5 waterproof membranes, so that one end bears against the supporting wall 1 and the other end does projection in the waterproof and thermally insulating tank at a distance from the primary waterproof membrane 5.
- Support leg 6 can be used to support heavy equipment that must be immersed in the waterproof and thermally insulating tank.
- a support foot can be placed at the base of a pumping mast (not shown) of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank.
- the support foot 6 is shown here on the bottom wall of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank, a similar through element can be arranged in the same way at other locations in the waterproof and thermally insulating tank, for example as support or spacer element to keep any object at a distance from the tank wall.
- the support foot 6 comprises a main body having a symmetry of revolution with a circular section along an axis of revolution R parallel to the direction of thickness of the bottom wall.
- a frustoconical lower part 7 is connected at its smaller diameter end to a cylindrical upper part 8.
- the larger diameter base of the frustoconical lower part 7 rests against the supporting wall 1.
- the interruption zone 20 is larger than the largest diameter base of the frustoconical lower part 7 so that the support foot 6 is located in the interruption zone 20.
- the frustoconical lower part 7 extends through the thickness of the wall bottom beyond the level of the primary waterproof membrane 5.
- the upper cylindrical part 8 is closed in a watertight manner by a circular plate 12, for example welded to an inner rim (not shown) of the upper cylindrical part 8.
- the main body of the support leg comprises a secondary waterproof plate 9 parallel to the supporting wall 1, linked to the periphery of the main body, and extending around the main body at the level of the upper surface 161 of the secondary insulating panels 13, and a primary waterproof plate 11 also parallel to the supporting wall 1, linked to the periphery of the main body, and extending all around the main body at the level of an upper surface of the primary insulating panels 50.
- the secondary sealed plate 9 is extended, inside the lower frustoconical part 7, by an internal plate 10 which separates the interior space of the lower frustoconical part 7 into a secondary portion 7a and a primary portion 7b.
- the secondary 7a and primary 7b portions of the interior space are filled with insulating gasket, such as glass wool, to limit heat conduction.
- the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 comprises four identical filling panels 21 arranged around the main body of the support leg 6.
- the interruption zone 20 is divided into four sectors, each sector receiving one of the filling panels 21 .
- the structure of the filling panels 21 is similar to that of the secondary insulating panels 13, ie the filling panels 21 comprise a sandwich structure consisting of a layer of insulating polymer foam 23 between two rigid plates, a bottom plate 22 and a cover plate 24.
- the bottom and cover plates are for example made of plywood.
- the filling panels 21 may have another general structure, for example that described in document WO 2012/127141 or that described in document WO 2019/234360.
- Each filling panel 21 has two cylindrical wells 25 passing through the filling panel 21 over its entire thickness.
- the cylindrical wells 25 have a change in section, not illustrated, defining bearing surfaces on nuts cooperating with the threaded ends of the studs 30.
- the four sectors of the interruption zone are separated from each other by two center lines, namely a longitudinal center line A parallel to the longitudinal direction L and a transverse center line B parallel to the transverse direction T.
- the intersection of the center lines at the center of the interruption zone 20 coincides with the intersection of the supporting wall 1 and the axis of revolution R of the main body of the support leg 6.
- each filling panel 21 has a proximal side face 311 facing the main body of the support leg 6, two distal side faces 312 facing panels adjacent to the interruption zone 20, and middle faces 313.
- the side faces proximal 311, distal 312 and median 313 extend in the direction of thickness of the bottom wall.
- the proximal side face 311 has a cutout in the shape of a semi-circle to accommodate the main body of the support foot 6.
- the two distal side faces 312 are rectilinear and perpendicular to each other.
- the dimension of a distal side face 312 of a filling panel 21 is substantially half that of the side face of a secondary insulating panel 13.
- Each distal side face 312 is connected to the proximal lateral face 311 by a median lateral face 313.
- the median lateral faces 313 are respectively at the right of the longitudinal median lines A and transverse B of the interruption zone 20.
- the upper face of the cover plates 24 of the filling panels 21 have grooves 26 bordering the distal side faces 312 to receive the screw heads of two rows of fixing screws 32 parallel to the distal side faces 312.
- the fixing screws 32 are intended to attach closure sheets 31 to the upper surface of cover plates 24.
- the cutouts of the proximal lateral faces 311 delimit a circle of larger diameter than that of the base of larger diameter of the frustoconical lower part 7 of the support leg 6.
- the adjacent filling panels 21 are separated by gaps 27 provided between two median lateral faces facing each other.
- the gaps 27 are at the right of the longitudinal center lines A or transverse B of the interruption zone 20.
- the gaps 27 are filled with a heat-insulating pad, such as glass wool, rock wool or synthetic foam flexible open cell for example.
- the space 48 delimited by the filling panels 21, the frustoconical lower part 7 of the support leg 6 and the secondary waterproof plate 9 is filled with an insulating pad, for example glass wool.
- the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 comprises two metal closing sheets 31.
- Each closing sheet 31 covers two filling panels 21.
- the closing sheets 31 are fixed by fixing screws 32 positioned in the grooves 26 of the cover plates 24 of the filling panels 21.
- Each closing sheet 31 also has an edge semi-circular interior welded in a sealed manner on the secondary waterproof plate 9 around the main body of the support foot 6.
- the closure sheets 31 are for example made of Invar ® , ie an alloy of iron and nickel whose expansion coefficient is typically between 1.2 x 10 -6 K - 1 and 2.0 x 10 -6 K - 1 . It is also possible to use iron and manganese alloys whose expansion coefficient is typically of the order of 7.0 x 10 -6 K -1 .
- the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 may comprise a single or more than two closing sheets 31.
- the secondary waterproof membrane 3 comprises a continuous layer of metal strakes 40 with raised edges 43 in the longitudinal direction L.
- the strakes 40 are juxtaposed in the transverse direction T.
- Each strake 40 has a flat central portion resting on the upper surface 161 of the secondary insulating panels 13 and two raised edges 43 projecting towards the inside of the sealed and thermally insulating tank relative to the flat central portion.
- the strakes 40 are welded by their raised edges 43 on parallel welding supports which are fixed in the grooves 17 made on the cover plates 16 of the secondary insulating panels 13.
- each secondary row of secondary insulating panels 13 in the longitudinal direction L is covered by a central strake and two halves of side strakes. A lateral strake thus straddles two adjacent secondary rows of secondary insulating panels 13.
- the strakes 40 are for example made of Invar ® . It is also possible to use iron and manganese alloys whose expansion coefficient is typically of the order of 7.0 x 10 -6 K -1 .
- the layer of strakes 40 of the secondary waterproof membrane 2 includes cut-out strakes 41, 42 which provide a square window to the right of the interruption zone 20.
- the cut-out strakes 41, 42 include a central cut-out strake 41 which rests entirely on the singular secondary row of secondary insulating panels 13 and two lateral cut-out strakes 42, located on either side of the central cut-out strake 41.
- the lateral cut-out strakes 42 respectively straddle the row secondary singular and adjacent secondary rows.
- the central cut-out strake 41 is interrupted in its entire width at the window along a central edge.
- the side cut-out strakes 42 are interrupted in their width at the level of the window along a side edge portion.
- the central edge and the side edge portions of the cut-out strakes 41, 42 cover one edge of the closing sheets 31.
- the cut-out strakes 41, 42 are welded in a watertight manner to the closing sheets 31 at the level of covering their edges by covering the heads of the fixing screws 32.
- Two waterproof metal strips 34 positioned astride the two closing sheets 31 and the secondary waterproof plate 9 are also welded in a sealed manner to said closing sheets 31 and to the secondary waterproof plate 9.
- the waterproof strips 34 are positioned on either side of the support leg 6 to the right of the longitudinal center line A.
- the waterproof strips 34 are for example made of the same material as the strakes 40, 41, 42, that is to say in Invar ® or in an alloy of iron and manganese whose expansion coefficient is typically of the order of 7.0 x 10 -6 K -1 .
- closing sheets 31 and the waterproof strips 34 extend the secondary waterproof membrane 3 to the secondary waterproof plate 9.
- the closing sheets 31 extend onto the cover plates 16 of the secondary insulating panels 13 around the interruption zone 20.
- the fixing screws 32 and the grooves 26 can be offset on the cover plates 16 of the secondary insulating panels 13, particularly along the edges adjacent to the interruption zone 20.
- the secondary waterproof membrane 2 is made as described above.
- Figures 7 and 8 illustrate another embodiment of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 around the support foot 6.
- the elements similar or identical to those of the embodiment of Figures 3 and 4 bear the same reference number increased by 100
- the four sectors of the interruption zone are separated from each other by diagonal lines of the interruption zone 20.
- the intersection of the diagonal lines in the center of the interruption zone 20 coincides. with the intersection of the supporting wall 1 and the axis of revolution R of the main body of the support leg 6.
- the infill panels 121 have a single distal side face, of the same dimension as the side face of a secondary insulating panel 13. In addition, two diagonal side faces develop in line with the diagonal lines of the interruption zone 20.
- the infill panels can also be larger than four or smaller than four in number, for example two in number.
- the secondary waterproof plate 9 may have slightly larger dimensions and partially cover the filling panels around the support foot 6.
- the primary thermally insulating barrier 4 comprises a plurality of primary insulating panels 50 in the form of parallelepiped blocks anchored to the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 by means of primary retaining members 19 carried by the secondary insulating panels 13.
- the bodies primary retainers 19 can be produced in various ways, for example as described in document WO 2019/234360 or in document FR 2 887 010.
- the primary insulating panels 50 have dimensions identical to those of the secondary insulating panels 13, with the exception of their thickness in the direction of thickness of the bottom wall which is likely to be different, and in particular weaker. In other embodiments, the primary insulating panels 50 may have other dimensions, and in particular be in the form of parallelepiped blocks with a rectangular base.
- the primary insulating panels 50 are juxtaposed in parallel primary rows. More precisely, a primary insulating panel 50 constitutes a pattern repeated in the longitudinal direction L and in the transverse direction T so that the secondary waterproof membrane 3 is covered with primary insulating panels 50.
- the primary rows are offset in the longitudinal direction L and in the transverse direction T by half the length of a secondary insulating panel 13 relative to the secondary rows.
- a primary insulating panel 50 of the primary row straddles four secondary insulating panels 13 of the two underlying adjacent secondary rows.
- the primary retainers 19 are positioned at the center of the cover plates 16 of the secondary insulating panels 13 and cooperate with the corners of four adjacent primary insulating panels 50.
- the amplitude of the offset between the primary and secondary rows in the longitudinal direction L and/or in the transverse direction T may be different and the primary retaining member 19 may be positioned elsewhere on the cover plate 16 of a secondary insulating panel 13, but preferably at a distance from the raised edges 43 of the strakes 40 so as not to interfere with them.
- the first and second singular primary rows each comprise two truncated primary insulating panels 51 to the right of the interruption zone 20.
- the truncated primary insulating panels 51 are separated two by two by a longitudinal interface line C and a transverse interface line D respectively superimposed on the longitudinal center line A and the transverse center line B of the interruption zone 20.
- Each truncated primary insulating panel 51 has a truncated edge 57 facing the main body having a semi-circle-shaped cutout throughout the thickness to accommodate the support leg 6.
- the cutout develops between two lateral ends of the truncated edge 57 , a first end being positioned at the longitudinal interface line C and a second end being positioned at the transverse interface line D.
- the structure of the primary insulating panels 50 and the truncated primary insulating panels 51 can be similar to those of the secondary insulating panels 13 and the filling panels 21, i.e. they comprise a sandwich structure consisting of a layer of insulating polymer foam 53 between a bottom plate 52 and a cover plate 54.
- the bottom plates 52 and cover 54 are for example made of plywood.
- the primary insulating panels 50 and the truncated primary insulating panels 51 are likely to have another general structure, for example that described in document WO 2012/127141 or that described in document WO 2019/ 234360.
- the cover plates 54 and the insulating polymer foam layers 53 of the primary insulating panels 50 and the truncated primary insulating panels 51 may be provided with relaxation slots 55, visible in Figures 1 and 10, which segment the plates and cover 54 and layers of insulating polymer foam 53 in several parts and thus avoid cracking when placed in the cold.
- the truncated primary insulating panels 51 are retained on the secondary waterproof membrane 3 by the primary retainers 19 at the three corners of their non-truncated edges. However, anchoring truncated primary insulating panels 51 only by the three corners of their non-truncated edges may prove insufficient, depending on the mechanical stresses to be endured. Also, the four truncated primary insulating panels 51 are retained on the secondary waterproof membrane 3 by four additional primary anchoring members 61 fixed on the secondary waterproof plate 9. Each of the four additional primary anchoring members 61 cooperate with two of the four panels truncated primary insulators 51.
- first additional primary anchoring members 61 fixed on the secondary waterproof plate 9 at the level of the longitudinal interface line C, cooperate with the first and second truncated primary insulating panels respectively of the first and second singular primary rows.
- Two second additional primary anchoring members 61 fixed on the secondary waterproof plate 9 at the level of the transverse interface line D, cooperate respectively with the first and second truncated primary insulating panels 51 of the first and second singular primary rows.
- Figures 10 and 11 illustrate more precisely the structure of the additional primary anchoring members 61.
- the truncated primary insulating panels 51 have, at each of the two lateral ends of their truncated edge 57, an oblong well 68 passing through the cover plate 54, the insulating polymer foam layer 53 as well as the bottom plate 52 but so to discover an internal surface area of the bottom plate 52.
- Each additional primary anchoring member 61 comprises a rod 36 welded to the secondary waterproof plate 9.
- the rod 36 passes through an anchoring plate 63, of rectangular shape, resting on the secondary waterproof plate 9 via the intermediate of a wedge 66 and resting on the internal surface areas of two bottom plates 52 of adjacent truncated primary insulating panels 51 via a cleat 67.
- a nut 65 cooperates with the thread provided at the upper end of the rod 36 so as to ensure retention of the anchor plate 63 on the rod 36.
- One or more spring washers 64 are threaded on the rod 36 between the nut 65 and the anchoring plate 63, which ensures elastic anchoring of the truncated primary insulating panels 51 on the secondary waterproof plate 9.
- a spacer 69 is placed on the anchoring plate 63.
- the spacer 69 has a central housing which receives the upper end of the rod 36, the Belleville washers 64 and the nut 65.
- This central housing can have different shapes : for example a cylindrical drilling shape coaxial with the rod 36 or, as shown, a rectangular cutout shape giving the spacer 69 an overall inverted “U” shape having two branches on either side of the central housing.
- the spacer 69 supports an insulating plug 62 intended to ensure continuity of the primary thermal insulation at the level of the additional primary anchoring member 61.
- the insulating plug is topped with a cover plate 93 arriving at the level of the upper surface of truncated primary insulating panels 51.
- the anchor plate 63 is advantageously made of a metal chosen from stainless steel, iron and nickel alloys, such as Invar ® , the expansion coefficient of which is typically between 1.2 x 10 -6 K - 1 and 2.0 x 10 -6 K -1 , and iron and manganese alloys whose expansion coefficient is less than 2.0 x 10 - 5 K - 1 , typically of the order of 7, 0 x 10 -6 K -1 .
- the wedge 66, the cleat 67 and the spacer 69 are advantageously made of wood, which makes it possible to limit thermal bridges towards the secondary waterproof plate 9 at the level of the additional primary anchoring member 61.
- the primary waterproof membrane 5 comprises a continuous sheet of rectangular sheets 70, 71, 72 which have, on their upper face, longitudinal undulations 76 which extend in the longitudinal direction L and transverse undulations 75 extend in the direction transverse T projecting towards the inside of the sealed and thermally insulating tank, and flat portions 85 resting on the cover plates 54 of the primary insulating panels 50 and truncated primary insulating panels 51 between the corrugations.
- the longitudinal undulations 76 are therefore parallel to the raised edges 43 of the strakes of the secondary waterproof membrane 4.
- the transverse undulations 75 are perpendicular to the raised edges 43 of the strakes of the secondary waterproof membrane 4.
- the transverse undulations 75 are higher than longitudinal undulations 76.
- the transverse undulations 75 are regularly spaced according to a first wave pitch and the longitudinal undulations 76 are regularly spaced according to a second wave pitch.
- the first and second wave steps are equal; in the remainder of the description, we will therefore only refer to the “wave step”. In other embodiments, the first and second wave steps may be different.
- a rectangular sheet preferably has dimensions in the longitudinal direction L and in the transverse direction T , which are equivalent to integer multiples of wave steps, as well as integer multiples of the dimensions of the primary insulating panels.
- the rectangular sheets are welded together forming small overlapping areas along their edges. There shows only welded junctions 83 between the transverse edges of the rectangular sheets 70, 71, 72.
- the primary waterproof membrane 5 can be essentially formed of rectangular sheets 70, partially shown, whose dimensions are equal to nine times the wave pitch in the transverse direction T and three times the wave pitch in the longitudinal direction L.
- each rectangular sheet 70 has nine longitudinal waves and three transverse waves.
- the continuous layer of rectangular sheets forming the primary waterproof membrane is cut so as to delimit a window around the support leg.
- a first truncated rectangular sheet 71 has a truncated edge 73 and a second truncated rectangular sheet 72 has a truncated edge 74.
- the truncated edges 73 and 74 together draw a window whose outline is substantially octagonal.
- the two truncated rectangular sheets 71 and 72 are not symmetrical.
- the truncated edge 73 is the longest and extends from the welded junction 83 between the two truncated rectangular sheets 71 and 72 towards the inside of the first truncated rectangular sheet 71, forming: – a rectilinear longitudinal portion which extends between the longitudinal corrugations 76 of row 3 and 4 of the first truncated rectangular sheet 71 and which interrupts two transverse corrugations 75 of row 1 and 2 of the first truncated rectangular sheet 71.
- the row of the corrugations longitudinal 76 is counted starting from the left of the .
- the row of transverse undulations 75 is counted starting from the welded junction 83 between the two truncated rectangular sheets 71 and 72; – an oblique portion which intersects a plane portion 85 located between the longitudinal undulations 76 of row 3 and 4 and between the transverse undulations 75 of row 2 and 3; – a rectilinear transverse portion which extends between the transverse undulations 75 of row 2 and 3 and which interrupts two longitudinal undulations 76 of row 4 and 5 of the first truncated rectangular sheet 71; And – then symmetrically another diagonal portion and another rectilinear longitudinal portion up to the welded junction 83 between the two truncated rectangular sheets 71 and 72.
- the truncated edge 74 is the shortest and extends from the welded junction 83 between the two truncated rectangular sheets 71 and 72 towards the inside of the second truncated rectangular sheet 72, forming: – an oblique portion which cuts a plane portion located between the longitudinal undulations 76 of rank 3 and 4 and between the transverse edge of the second truncated rectangular sheet 72 and the transverse undulation 75 of rank 1, without interrupting any transverse undulation 75; – a rectilinear transverse portion which extends between the transverse edge of the second truncated rectangular sheet 72 and the transverse corrugation 75 of rank 1 and which interrupts two longitudinal corrugations 76 of rows 4 and 5 of the second truncated rectangular sheet 72; And – then symmetrically another portion at an angle up to the welded junction 83 between the two truncated rectangular sheets 71 and 72.
- metal anchor strips 58, 59, 60 are fixed on the cover plates 54 of the primary insulating panels 50 and truncated primary insulating panels 51.
- Each anchor strip 58, 59, 60 is fixed in a countersink on the cover plate 54 by any suitable means, for example screws or rivets and/or gluing.
- first anchoring strips 59 are arranged between each transverse edge of a primary insulating panel 50 or truncated primary insulating panel 51 and the closest relaxation slot 55, for example four first anchoring strips 59, of the second anchoring strips 58 are arranged between each longitudinal edge of a primary insulating panel 50 or truncated primary insulating panel 51 and the nearest relaxation slot 55, for example four second anchoring strips 58 and third anchoring strips 60 are arranged between each corner of a primary insulating panel 50 or truncated primary insulating panel 51 and the closest relaxation slots 55, for example four third anchoring strips 60.
- the truncated edge 57 results in removing an angle and therefore one of the third anchoring strips 60.
- a first anchoring strip 59 and a second anchoring strip 58 can also be eliminated due to the truncated edge 57.
- the first anchor strips 59 make it possible to carry out welds 81 with flat portions 85 of the rectangular sheets 70, 71, 72, so that a flat portion 85 which spans an interface between the two truncated primary insulating panels 51 within a singular row 49, namely the transverse interface line D, or an interface between a truncated primary insulating panel 51 and a primary insulating panel 50 within a singular row 49 is welded to two first anchor strips 59 on either side of the interface.
- the second anchoring strips 58 make it possible to carry out welds 82 with planar portions 85 of the rectangular sheets 70, 71, 72, so that a planar portion 85 which spans the longitudinal interface line C between the two singular rows 49, for example between two truncated primary insulating panels 51 or between two primary insulating panels 50, is welded to two second anchoring strips 59 on either side of the longitudinal interface line C.
- the third anchoring strips 60 make it possible to carry out welds 84 with flat portions 85 of the rectangular sheets 70, 71, 72, so that a flat portion 85 which spans the junction between four adjacent corners belonging respectively to two truncated primary insulating panels 51 and two primary insulating panels 50, is welded to four third anchor strips 60 on each of the four panel corners.
- welds 81, 82, and 84 may be plug welds or transparency welds. Further details on welds 81, 82 and 84 can be found in publication WO 2022/074148.
- a waterproof assembly of connecting parts is made between the support foot 6 and the truncated rectangular sheets 71 and 72. More precisely , two connecting plates 79 and 80 in the shape of a half-ring are welded to the primary waterproof plate 11 around support foot 6 so as to radially extend the primary waterproof plate 11 beyond the truncated edges 57 of the four truncated primary insulating panels 51.
- the two connecting plates 79 and 80 are placed in a counterbore 86 of the primary waterproof plate 11 and in a counterbore 87 of the four truncated primary insulating panels 51 to avoid forming an extra thickness.
- the inner edge of the connecting plates 79 and 80 defines a circular contour while the outer edge of the connecting plates 79 and 80 defines a square contour corresponding to the edge of the counterbore 87, visible on the .
- the truncated rectangular sheet 71 extends onto the two connecting plates 79 and 80 and the truncated edge 73 is welded tightly onto the two connecting plates 79 and 80. Likewise, the truncated edge 74 is welded tightly onto the plate. connection 80. Note that a junction 88 between the two connection plates 79 and 80 is misaligned with the welded junction 83.
- bonding plates 79 and 80 are employed, but a larger or smaller number of bonding plates could be employed to achieve the same bonding.
- two transverse undulations 75 have been interrupted by the truncated edge 73 at the level of the window surrounding the support leg 6.
- the ends of the interrupted transverse undulations 75 are closed by sealingly at the level of the window with end pieces 77.
- two longitudinal undulations 76 were interrupted by the truncated edge 73 and by the truncated edge 74 at the level of the window surrounding the support leg 6.
- the ends of the interrupted longitudinal undulations 76 are closed in a watertight manner at the level of the window with end pieces 78.
- the end pieces 77 and 78 have flanges welded to the two connecting plates 79 and 80 More details for the production of the end pieces tip can be found in document WO 2011/157915.
- the truncated rectangular sheet 71 long nine times the wave pitch in the transverse direction T is replaced by several truncated rectangular sheets, of the same width in the longitudinal direction L but shorter than the truncated rectangular sheet 71 in the transverse direction T.
- the truncated rectangular sheet 71 is replaced by two truncated rectangular plates respectively five times and four times the length of the wave pitch in the transverse direction T.
- the welded junction between the two truncated rectangular plates is located at the right of the longitudinal interface line C, i.e. in the same flat portion as the welds 82.
- the truncated rectangular sheet 71 is replaced by three truncated rectangular plates respectively three times, two times and four times the length of the wave pitch in the transverse direction T.
- the welded junctions between the three two truncated rectangular plates are located at the level of the two diagonal portions of the truncated edge 73.
- the truncated edge 73 is cut successively from the different juxtaposed truncated rectangular sheets.
- the steam collecting pipe 206 serves to collect a vapor phase inside the tank and for this purpose passes through a wall zone located at the top of the tank, typically the ceiling wall.
- the steam collecting pipe 206 can be part of a gas dome structure also fulfilling other functions, according to known technique.
- a gas dome structure is described for example in the publication WO2013093261.
- the gas dome structure comprises the steam collecting pipe 206 which opens inside the tank and an external tube 400 which surrounds the steam collecting pipe 206 and which opens inside the primary thermally insulating barrier 204.
- the gas dome structure is arranged in an interruption zone of the secondary thermally insulating barrier.
- the primary sealed plate 211 surrounds the steam collecting pipe 206 and the secondary sealed plate 209 surrounds the external tube 400.
- four filling panels (not shown) are arranged in the secondary thermally insulating barrier around the external tube 400.
- the infill panels have the shape illustrated on the .
- the closure sheets 231 cover the filler panels and extend onto the cover plates 216 of the secondary insulating panels 213 around the interruption zone.
- the fixing screws 232 secure the edges of the closure sheets 231 to the cover plates 216 of the secondary insulating panels 213.
- Each closure sheet 231 also has a circular inner edge sealingly welded to the secondary sealing plate 209 around the outer tube 400.
- the cut-out strakes 241 and 242 are welded in a watertight manner to the closing sheets 231 at the level of covering their edges by covering the heads of the fixing screws 232.
- Each waterproof strip 234 is positioned astride two closing sheets 231, on a cut strake 242 and on the secondary waterproof plate 209.
- the truncated primary insulating panels 251 surround the primary sealed plate 211. As visible in Figures 16 and 18, in addition to the relaxation slots 255, the truncated primary insulating panels 251 have grooves 90 opening into the plates bottom 252 to accommodate the raised edges 243 of the secondary waterproof membrane.
- the oblong wells 268 pass through the cover plate 254 and the layer of insulating polymer foam 253 to reveal an internal surface area of the bottom plate 252.
- the cleat 267 is fixed on this internal surface of the bottom plate 252.
- an anchoring plate 263 rests, on one side of the rod 236, on the battens 267 of two adjacent truncated primary insulating panels 251 (only one of the two truncated primary insulating panels 251 is shown) and, on the other side of the rod 236, on an end edge 91 of the external tube 400 which extends beyond the secondary sealed plate 209.
- the wedge 66 is therefore not used.
- the fixing of the truncated primary insulating panels 251 is unchanged compared to the truncated primary insulating panels 51.
- the arrangement of the primary waterproof membrane is unchanged.
- the first truncated rectangular sheet 271 has a truncated edge 273 and the second truncated rectangular sheet 272 has a truncated edge 274.
- the truncated edges 273 and 274 together form a window whose contour is substantially octagonal around the primary sealed plate 211.
- a cutaway view of an LNG ship 1070 shows a watertight and insulated tank 1000 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 1072 of the ship.
- the wall of the tank comprises at least one waterproof membrane intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas contained in the tank and at least one thermally insulating barrier arranged between the waterproof membrane and the double shell 1072.
- loading/unloading pipes 1073 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a maritime or port terminal to transfer a cargo of liquefied gas from or to the sealed tank and thermally insulating 1000.
- the loading and unloading station 1075 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising a movable arm 1074 and a tower 1078 which supports the mobile arm 1074.
- the mobile arm 1074 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 1079 which can connect to the loading/unloading pipes 1073.
- the adjustable mobile arm 1074 adapts to all LNG carrier templates.
- a connection pipe not shown extends inside the tower 1078.
- the loading and unloading station 1075 allows the loading and unloading of the ship 1070 from or to the shore installation 1077.
- the underwater pipe 1076 allows the transfer of liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 1075 and the onshore installation 1077 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the vessel 1070 at a long distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
- pumps on board the ship 1070 and/or pumps fitted to the on-shore installation 1077 and/or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 1075 are used.
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Abstract
Description
et une portion plane de la première tôle rectangulaire tronquée située entre les deux premières ondulations de la première tôle rectangulaire tronquée interrompues par le bord tronqué est soudée sur les premiers éléments métalliques d’ancrage du premier panneau isolant tronqué et du deuxième panneau isolant tronqué.
le plateau étanche étant un plateau étanche primaire, l’élément traversant comportant en outre un plateau étanche secondaire parallèle à la paroi porteuse lié à la périphérie du corps principal et s'étendant autour du corps principal au même niveau qu’une surface supérieure de la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire.
– une portion rectiligne longitudinale qui s’étend entre les ondulations longitudinales 76 de rang 3 et 4 de la première tôle rectangulaire tronquée 71 et qui interrompt deux ondulations transversales 75 de rang 1 et 2 de la première tôle rectangulaire tronquée 71. Le rang des ondulations longitudinales 76 est compté en partant de la gauche de la
– une portion en biais qui coupe une portion plane 85 située entre les ondulations longitudinales 76 de rang 3 et 4 et entre les ondulations transversales 75 de rang 2 et 3 ;
– une portion rectiligne transversale qui s’étend entre les ondulations transversales 75 de rang 2 et 3 et qui interrompt deux ondulations longitudinales 76 de rang 4 et 5 de la première tôle rectangulaire tronquée 71 ; et
– puis symétriquement une autre portion en biais et une autre portion rectiligne longitudinale jusqu’à la jonction soudée 83 entre les deux tôles rectangulaires tronquées 71 et 72.
– une portion en biais qui coupe une portion plane située entre les ondulations longitudinales 76 de rang 3 et 4 et entre le bord transversal de la deuxième tôle rectangulaire tronquée 72 et l’ondulation transversale 75 de rang 1, sans interrompre aucune ondulation transversale 75 ;
– une portion rectiligne transversale qui s’étend entre le bord transversal de la deuxième tôle rectangulaire tronquée 72 et l’ondulation transversale 75 de rang 1 et qui interrompt deux ondulations longitudinales 76 de rang 4 et 5 de la deuxième tôle rectangulaire tronquée 72 ; et
– puis symétriquement une autre portion en biais jusqu’à la jonction soudée 83 entre les deux tôles rectangulaires tronquées 71 et 72.
Claims (20)
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante agencée dans une structure porteuse pour contenir un fluide, la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante comportant :
une paroi de cuve ancrée sur une paroi porteuse (1) de la structure porteuse, la paroi de cuve comportant dans une direction d’épaisseur depuis l’extérieur vers l’intérieur de ladite cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante, au moins une barrière thermiquement isolante (2) et une membrane étanche (3) portée par la barrière thermiquement isolante (2),
ladite barrière thermiquement isolante (2) comportant une pluralité de panneaux isolants (13) se présentant sous la forme de pavés parallélépipédiques ancrés contre la paroi porteuse (1), les panneaux isolants (13) étant disposés sous la forme de rangées parallèles, une rangée comportant une pluralité de panneaux isolants (13) juxtaposés dans une première direction (L) selon un motif répété, les rangées étant juxtaposées dans une deuxième direction perpendiculaire (T) à la première direction (L), une rangée singulière parmi lesdites rangées comportant une zone d’interruption (20) présentant une dimension dans la première direction égale à une dimension du motif répété,
la membrane étanche (3) comportant une pluralité de virures (40, 41, 42) en alliage à faible coefficient de dilatation parallèles à la première direction, chaque virure (40, 41, 42) présentant une portion centrale plane reposant sur une surface supérieure (161) des panneaux isolants (13) et deux bords relevés (43) faisant saillie vers l’intérieur de la cuve par rapport à la portion centrale plane, les virures (40, 41, 42) étant juxtaposées dans la deuxième direction selon un motif répété et soudées ensemble de manière étanche au niveau des bords relevés (43), des ailes d’ancrage ancrées aux panneaux isolants (13) et parallèles à la première direction étant agencées entre les virures (40, 41, 42) juxtaposées pour retenir la membrane étanche (3) sur la barrière isolante (2), une dimension des virures (40, 41, 42) dans la deuxième direction étant inférieure une dimension des panneaux isolants dans la deuxième direction, lesdites virures (40, 41, 42) comportant une pluralité de virures découpées (41, 42 ; 241, 242) qui ménagent une fenêtre au droit de la zone d’interruption (20), et
un élément traversant (6, 400) disposé à travers la paroi de cuve, de sorte que l’élément traversant (6, 400) passe à travers la barrière thermiquement isolante (2) dans une portion centrale de la zone d’interruption (20) et à travers la membrane étanche (3) dans une portion centrale de ladite fenêtre, l’élément traversant (6, 400) comportant un corps principal s'étendant selon la direction d'épaisseur de la paroi de cuve et un plateau étanche (9, 209) parallèle à la paroi porteuse (1) lié à la périphérie du corps principal et s'étendant autour du corps principal au même niveau que la surface supérieure (161) des panneaux isolants (13, 213),
ladite barrière thermiquement isolante (2) comportant au moins un panneau de comblement (21, 121) disposé dans la zone d’interruption (20) autour de l’élément traversant (6, 400) et ancré contre la paroi porteuse (1),
au moins une feuille de fermeture (31, 231) métallique étant en appui sur une surface supérieure dudit au moins un panneau de comblement (21, 121), ladite au moins une feuille de fermeture (31, 231) présentant un premier bord soudé de manière étanche sur le plateau étanche (9,209) autour du corps principal, lesdites virures découpées (41, 42 ; 241, 242) présentant des portions de bord bordant ladite fenêtre qui recouvrent un deuxième bord de ladite au moins une feuille de fermeture (31, 231) et sont soudées de manière étanche à ladite au moins une feuille de fermeture (31, 231), de sorte que ladite au moins une feuille de fermeture (31, 231) prolonge la membrane étanche (3) jusqu’au plateau étanche (9, 209). - Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les panneaux isolants (13, 213) présentent une forme de section carrée ayant une dimension égale dans la première direction et la deuxième direction.
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle le plateau étanche (9,209) présente un contour circulaire.
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon l’une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle la paroi de cuve comporte quatre panneaux de comblement (21) identiques disposés respectivement dans quatre secteurs de la zone d’interruption (20), les quatre secteurs étant séparés les uns des autres par une première ligne médiane (A) de la zone d’interruption (20) s’étendant dans la première direction et par une deuxième ligne médiane (B) de la zone d’interruption s’étendant dans la deuxième direction.
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon l’une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle la paroi de cuve comporte quatre panneaux de comblement (121) identiques disposés respectivement dans quatre secteurs de la zone d’interruption (20), les quatre secteurs étant séparés les uns des autres par une première diagonale et par une deuxième diagonale de la zone d’interruption (20).
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon l’une des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle le corps principal présente une forme de contour circulaire, ledit au moins un panneau de comblement (21, 121) comportant une face latérale proximale (211) s’étendant dans la direction d’épaisseur et tournée vers le corps principal, la face latérale proximale (211) présentant une forme d’arc de cercle.
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon l’une des revendications 1 à 6, dans laquelle un dit panneau de comblement (21, 121) comporte une face latérale proximale (211) s’étendant dans la direction d’épaisseur et tournée vers le corps principal et au moins une face latérale distale (212) s’étendant dans la direction d’épaisseur et tournée vers des panneaux isolants (13) adjacents à la zone d’interruption (20), la feuille de fermeture (31) étant fixée sur la surface supérieure dudit panneau de comblement (21, 121) par des pièces de fixation (32) agencées sur la surface supérieure le long d’une dite face latérale distale (212), les portions de bord desdites virures découpées (41, 42) étant agencées pour recouvrir lesdites pièces de fixation (32).
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle ledit panneau de comblement (21, 121) comporte une plaque de couvercle (24) formant la surface supérieure dudit panneau de comblement (21), la plaque de couvercle (24) comportant un lamage (26) pour recevoir lesdites pièces de fixation (32).
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon l’une des revendications 1 à 8, dans laquelle les rangées sont juxtaposées dans la deuxième direction selon un motif répété, la dimension du motif répété des rangées étant deux fois la dimension du motif répété des virures (40, 41, 42) dans la deuxième direction, dans laquelle les virures découpées (41, 42 ; 241, 242) reposent sur la rangée singulière et comportent une virure découpée centrale (41, 241) et deux virures découpées latérales (42, 242) situées de part et d’autre de la virure découpée centrale (41, 241), les bords relevés (43) de la virure découpée centrale (41,241) étant décalés dans la deuxième direction par rapport aux bords de ladite rangée singulière, la virure découpée centrale (41, 241) reposant entièrement sur ladite rangée singulière et étant interrompue dans toute sa largeur au niveau de la fenêtre, chaque dite virure découpée latérale (42, 242) étant disposée à cheval sur la rangée singulière et une rangée adjacente à ladite rangée singulière et étant interrompue dans une portion de sa largeur au niveau de la fenêtre.
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle le corps principal présente une forme de contour circulaire et un diamètre du corps principal parallèle à la première direction est situé dans le prolongement de la portion centrale plane de la virure découpée centrale (41, 241).
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon l’une des revendications 1 à 10, dans laquelle la barrière thermiquement isolante est une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire (2) et la membrane étanche est une membrane étanche secondaire (3), lesdites rangées étant des rangées secondaires, lesdits panneaux isolants étant des panneaux isolants secondaires (13), la rangée singulière étant une rangée secondaire singulière, la paroi de cuve comportant en outre, selon la direction d’épaisseur, depuis l’intérieur vers l’extérieur de la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante, une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire (4) portée par la membrane étanche secondaire (3) et une membrane étanche primaire (5) portée par la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire (4), la membrane étanche primaire (5) étant destinée à être en contact avec le fluide contenu dans la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante,
dans laquelle la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire (4) comporte une pluralité de rangées primaires parallèles à la première direction, une rangée primaire comportant une pluralité de panneaux isolants primaires (50) juxtaposés dans la première direction, les panneaux isolants primaires (50) se présentant sous la forme de pavés parallélépipédiques ayant une dimension égale à la dimension des panneaux isolants secondaires (13) dans la deuxième direction, dans laquelle les rangées primaires sont décalées dans la deuxième direction par rapport aux rangées secondaires de sorte que chaque rangée primaire est superposée à cheval sur deux rangées secondaires,
dans laquelle des organes de retenue primaires (19, 219) sont portés par les panneaux isolants secondaires (13, 213) et coopèrent avec les panneaux isolants primaires (50) pour retenir les panneaux isolants primaires (50) sur la membrane étanche secondaire (3),
dans laquelle une première rangée primaire singulière et une deuxième rangée primaire singulière parmi lesdites rangées primaires sont superposées à la rangée secondaire singulière, la première rangée primaire singulière et la deuxième rangée primaire singulière comportant chacune au moins un panneau isolant primaire tronqué (51, 251) au droit de la zone d’interruption (20), chaque panneau isolant primaire tronqué (51, 251) comportant un bord tronqué (57) tourné vers le corps principal, le bord tronqué (57) se développant en s’écartant d’une première ligne d’interface (C) afin de contourner le corps principal, la première ligne d’interface (C) étant située entre la première rangée primaire singulière et la deuxième rangée primaire singulière et parallèle à la première direction (L). - Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon la revendication 11, dans laquelle un premier organe d’ancrage primaire additionnel (61) est fixé sur le plateau étanche (9, 209) au droit de la première ligne d’interface (C) et coopère avec un premier panneau isolant primaire tronqué (51, 251) de la première rangée primaire singulière et avec un premier panneau isolant primaire tronqué (51, 251) de la deuxième rangée primaire singulière pour retenir lesdits premiers panneaux isolants primaires tronqués (51, 251) sur le plateau étanche (9, 209).
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon la revendication 11 ou 12, dans laquelle les rangées primaires sont décalées dans la deuxième direction (T) d’une moitié de la dimension des panneaux isolants secondaires (13) dans la deuxième direction (T) par rapport aux rangées secondaires, la première ligne d’interface (A) coïncidant avec une première ligne médiane (A) de la zone d’interruption (20).
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon l’une des revendications 11 à 13, dans laquelle la première rangée primaire singulière et la deuxième rangée primaire singulière comportent chacune un deuxième panneau isolant primaire tronqué (51, 251) adjacent au premier panneau isolant primaire tronqué (51, 251), dans laquelle deux premiers organes d’ancrages primaires additionnels (61) sont fixés sur le plateau étanche (9, 209) au droit de la première ligne d’interface (C) de part et d’autre du corps principal et coopèrent respectivement avec les premiers, respectivement les deuxièmes, panneaux isolants primaires tronqués (51, 251) de la première rangée primaire singulière et de la deuxième rangée primaire singulière, pour retenir lesdits premiers, respectivement les deuxièmes, panneaux isolants primaires tronqués (51, 251) sur le plateau étanche (9, 209).
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon la revendication 14, dans laquelle deux deuxièmes organes d’ancrage primaires additionnels (61) sont fixés sur le plateau étanche (9, 209) au droit d’une deuxième ligne d’interface (D) de part et d’autre du corps principal et coopèrent respectivement avec les premier et deuxième panneaux isolants primaires tronqués (51, 251) de la première rangée primaire singulière, respectivement de la deuxième rangée primaire singulière, pour retenir lesdits premier et deuxième panneaux isolants primaires tronqués (51, 251) sur le plateau étanche (9, 209).
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon l’une des revendications 11 à 15, dans laquelle les premiers panneaux isolants primaires tronqués (51, 251) présentent une structure multicouche constituée, selon la direction d’épaisseur, depuis l’extérieur vers l’intérieur de la cuve, d’une plage rigide externe (52, 252), d’une couche de mousse polymère isolante (53, 253) et d’une plaque rigide interne (54, 254), les premiers panneaux isolants primaires tronqués comportant un puit oblong (68, 268) traversant la plaque rigide interne (54, 254) et la couche de mousse polymère isolante (53, 253) pour découvrir une zone de surface interne de la plaque rigide externe (52, 252), ledit premier organe d’ancrage additionnel (61, 261) comportant une platine d’ancrage (63, 263) en appui sur la zone de surface interne de la plaque rigide externe (52, 252) desdits premiers panneaux isolants primaires tronqués (51, 251).
- Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante selon la revendication 16, dans laquelle l’organe d’ancrage primaire additionnel (61) comporte une tige (36, 236) fixée au plateau étanche (9, 209) et un tasseau (67, 267) en appui sur la zone de surface interne de la plaque rigide externe (52, 252), la platine d’ancrage (63, 263) reposant sur le tasseau (67 , 267), une partie supérieure de la tige (36, 236) passant au travers de la platine d’ancrage (63, 263), ledit organe d’ancrage primaire additionnel (61) comportant également un écrou (65) et au moins une rondelle (64), l’écrou (65) coopérant avec la partie supérieure de la tige (36, 236) et l’au moins une rondelle (64) étant enfilée sur la tige (36) entre l’écrou (65) et la platine d’ancrage (63, 263).
- Navire (1070) pour le transport d’un gaz liquéfié, le navire comportant une double coque (1072) et une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante (1000) selon l’une des revendications 1 à 17 disposée dans la double coque (1072).
- Système de transfert pour un gaz liquéfié, le système de transfert comportant un navire (1070) selon la revendication 18, des canalisations isolées (1073, 1076, 1079, 1081) agencées de manière à relier la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante (1000) disposée dans la double coque (1072) du navire (1070) à une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre.
- Utilisation d’un navire (1070) selon la revendication 18 pour le chargement ou le déchargement d’un gaz liquéfié, dans laquelle on achemine un gaz liquéfié à travers des canalisations isolées (1073, 1076, 1079, 1081) depuis ou vers une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre (1077) vers ou depuis la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante du navire (1070).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020247007678A KR102796779B1 (ko) | 2022-12-16 | 2023-10-04 | 관통 요소를 포함하는 밀봉 및 단열 탱크 |
| CN202380013496.3A CN118511029B (zh) | 2022-12-16 | 2023-10-04 | 包括导通元件的密封且绝热的贮罐 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2213707A FR3143711B1 (fr) | 2022-12-16 | 2022-12-16 | Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante comportant un élément traversant |
| FRFR2213707 | 2022-12-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024125849A1 true WO2024125849A1 (fr) | 2024-06-20 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/077484 Ceased WO2024125849A1 (fr) | 2022-12-16 | 2023-10-04 | Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante comportant un élément traversant |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR102796779B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN118511029B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3143711B1 (fr) |
| TW (1) | TW202436787A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024125849A1 (fr) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2887010A1 (fr) | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-15 | Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolee |
| WO2011157915A1 (fr) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-22 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve etanche et isolante comportant un pied de support |
| WO2012127141A1 (fr) | 2011-03-23 | 2012-09-27 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Element calorifuge pour paroi de cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante |
| KR20120136320A (ko) * | 2012-10-31 | 2012-12-18 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 베이스서포트 구조체와 저장탱크 단열방벽 간의 연결구조체 |
| KR20120136319A (ko) * | 2012-10-31 | 2012-12-18 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 액화천연가스 저장탱크의 펌프타워 베이스서포트 구조체 |
| WO2013093261A1 (fr) | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-27 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Paroi de cuve comportant une conduite |
| FR3035175A1 (fr) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-10-21 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante equipee d'un element traversant |
| WO2019234360A2 (fr) | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-12 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante |
| WO2022074148A1 (fr) | 2020-10-09 | 2022-04-14 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3006662B1 (fr) | 2013-06-07 | 2015-05-29 | Gaztransp Et Technigaz | Caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluide et procede de fabrication d'une telle caisse |
| KR102176548B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-06 | 2020-11-09 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 극저온 유체 저장용 탱크의 멤브레인 |
| FR3042843B1 (fr) | 2015-10-23 | 2018-04-27 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve comprenant des blocs isolants de coin equipes de fentes de relaxation |
| FR3094448B1 (fr) * | 2019-03-26 | 2022-06-17 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante |
| FR3102228B1 (fr) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-09-10 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante |
| FR3112588B1 (fr) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-07-22 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Paroi d'une cuve de stockage d'un gaz liquéfiée |
-
2022
- 2022-12-16 FR FR2213707A patent/FR3143711B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-10-04 WO PCT/EP2023/077484 patent/WO2024125849A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-10-04 CN CN202380013496.3A patent/CN118511029B/zh active Active
- 2023-10-04 KR KR1020247007678A patent/KR102796779B1/ko active Active
- 2023-12-14 TW TW112148697A patent/TW202436787A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2887010A1 (fr) | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-15 | Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolee |
| WO2011157915A1 (fr) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-22 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve etanche et isolante comportant un pied de support |
| WO2012127141A1 (fr) | 2011-03-23 | 2012-09-27 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Element calorifuge pour paroi de cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante |
| WO2013093261A1 (fr) | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-27 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Paroi de cuve comportant une conduite |
| KR20120136320A (ko) * | 2012-10-31 | 2012-12-18 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 베이스서포트 구조체와 저장탱크 단열방벽 간의 연결구조체 |
| KR20120136319A (ko) * | 2012-10-31 | 2012-12-18 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 액화천연가스 저장탱크의 펌프타워 베이스서포트 구조체 |
| FR3035175A1 (fr) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-10-21 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante equipee d'un element traversant |
| WO2019234360A2 (fr) | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-12 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante |
| WO2022074148A1 (fr) | 2020-10-09 | 2022-04-14 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202436787A (zh) | 2024-09-16 |
| FR3143711A1 (fr) | 2024-06-21 |
| CN118511029A (zh) | 2024-08-16 |
| FR3143711B1 (fr) | 2024-11-01 |
| KR20240096446A (ko) | 2024-06-26 |
| CN118511029B (zh) | 2024-11-26 |
| KR102796779B1 (ko) | 2025-04-17 |
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