WO2024122636A1 - ポリエチレンテレフタレート分解活性を有する蛋白質及びポリエチレンテレフタレートを分解する方法 - Google Patents
ポリエチレンテレフタレート分解活性を有する蛋白質及びポリエチレンテレフタレートを分解する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/16—Hydrolases (3) acting on ester bonds (3.1)
- C12N9/18—Carboxylic ester hydrolases (3.1.1)
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
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- C12P7/62—Carboxylic acid esters
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a protein having polyethylene terephthalate decomposition activity, DNA encoding the protein, a transformant obtained by transforming a host cell with the DNA, a method for decomposing polyethylene terephthalate, and a method for producing at least one of terephthalic acid and monohydroxyethyl terephthalate.
- PET Polyethylene terephthalate
- mechanical recycling cannot fully remove impurities, so there is a problem that the uses of PET after decomposition are limited.
- chemical recycling makes it easy to remove impurities because PET can be decomposed and repolymerized on a monomer basis, and it is also attracting attention as a sustainable recycling technology.
- PET decomposition method using enzymes can be said to be an environmentally friendly recycling method because the reaction proceeds under mild conditions and no organic solvents are used.
- PETase derived from Ideonella sakaiensis (Patent Document 1) and Cutinase derived from Thermobifida fusca (Patent Document 2) have been discovered as PET decomposition enzymes.
- LC-Cutinase derived from dead leaf compost metagenome has high decomposition activity and heat resistance (Patent Document 3), and it has been reported that enzyme modification can decompose 97% or more of PET within 24 hours (Non-Patent Document 1).
- Non-Patent Document 2 In addition, in a report on searching for PET decomposition enzymes from metagenomes, PET2, which has a relatively high heat resistance among enzymes, was found, and it is known that it can decompose PET, albeit in small amounts (Non-Patent Document 2). In addition, there are reports that modification of PET2 improves decomposition activity and heat resistance (Non-Patent Document 3).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 have been researched and developed but have not yet been put to practical use. Furthermore, the inventors' investigations have shown that all of them have low decomposition activity and low heat resistance. Furthermore, the inventors' investigations have shown that even when the enzymes described in Patent Document 3 and Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3 are used, it takes a long time to decompose PET through an enzymatic reaction, so there is a need for the development of a PET-degrading enzyme with higher activity for industrial applications.
- the present invention aims to provide a protein with high PET decomposition activity.
- a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least one modification has been introduced in which an amino acid residue at a specific position in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 is replaced with a specific amino acid residue, has a higher PET degradation activity than a protein having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1, and thus completed the present invention.
- the present invention is as follows. ⁇ 1> A protein consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein at least one modification selected from the group consisting of the following [1] to [7] has been introduced: [1] A modification in which the 103rd amino acid residue is replaced with a lysine residue; [2] A modification in which the 76th amino acid residue is replaced with a cysteine residue; [3] A modification in which the 144th amino acid residue is replaced with a cysteine residue; [4] A modification in which the 134th amino acid residue is replaced with a glycine residue; [5] A modification in which the 222nd amino acid residue is replaced with a methionine residue; [6] A modification in which the 73rd amino acid residue is replaced with a glutamine residue; [7] A modification in which the 203rd amino acid residue is replaced with a threonine residue.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- ⁇ 4> A DNA encoding the protein according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>.
- ⁇ 5> A recombinant DNA comprising the DNA according to ⁇ 4>.
- ⁇ 6> A transformant obtained by transforming a host cell with the recombinant DNA according to ⁇ 5>.
- ⁇ 7> A method for decomposing PET, using the protein according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>.
- ⁇ 8> A method for decomposing PET according to ⁇ 7>, comprising decomposing PET in a reaction solution containing the protein according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, PET, magnesium chloride, and sodium carbonate.
- ⁇ 9> The method for decomposing PET according to ⁇ 8>, wherein the concentration of magnesium chloride in the reaction solution is 0.1 mM to 5 mM.
- TPA terephthalic acid
- MHET monohydroxyethyl terephthalate
- ⁇ 11> A method for producing at least one of TPA and MHET according to ⁇ 10>, comprising decomposing PET in a reaction solution containing the protein according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, PET, magnesium chloride and sodium carbonate.
- the protein according to one embodiment of the present invention contains amino acid residue substitutions at specific sites, and thus has higher PET degradation activity than a protein that does not have those substitutions.
- the present invention will be described in detail below, but these are merely examples of preferred embodiments and the present invention is not limited to these contents.
- the numerical range “to” includes the numerical values before and after it. For example, "0% by mass to 100% by mass” means a range from 0% by mass or more to 100% by mass or less.
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention has an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, in which at least one modification selected from the group consisting of the following [1] to [7] has been introduced: [1] A modification in which the 103rd amino acid residue is replaced with a lysine residue; [2] A modification in which the 76th amino acid residue is replaced with a cysteine residue; [3] A modification in which the 144th amino acid residue is replaced with a cysteine residue; [4] A modification in which the 134th amino acid residue is replaced with a glycine residue; [5] A modification in which the 222nd amino acid residue is replaced with a methionine residue; [6] A modification in which the 73rd amino acid residue is replaced with a glutamine residue; [7] A modification in which the 203rd amino acid residue is replaced with a threonine residue.
- the protein consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 is the PET2 enzyme described in Non-Patent Document 1.
- at least one modification selected from the group consisting of [1] to [7] into the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 to form a protein at least one of heat resistance and substrate binding ability is improved, and it is believed that the protein will exhibit higher PET decomposition activity than protein (A) having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.
- Non-limiting specific examples of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 into which any of the following (A1) to (A7) has been introduced: (A1) The above [1] (A2) The above [1] and [2] (A3) The above [1] and [3] (A4) The above [1], [2] and [3] (A5) The above [1], [2], [3] and [4] (A6) The above [1], [2], [3], [4] and [5] (A7) The above [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] and [6] (A8) The above [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6] and [7]
- a non-limiting specific example of the protein of one aspect of the present invention includes a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 into which at least the modification [1] has been introduced, and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [2] to [7] has been introduced.
- Other non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 into which at least the modifications [1] and [2] have been introduced, and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [3] to [7] has been introduced.
- non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 into which at least the modifications [1] and [3] have been introduced, and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [2] and [4] to [7] has been introduced.
- Other non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 into which at least the modifications [1], [2], and [3] have been introduced, and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [4] to [7] has been introduced.
- non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 into which at least the modifications [1], [2], [3], and [4] have been introduced, and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [5] to [7] has been introduced.
- Other non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 into which at least the modifications [1], [2], [3], [4], and [5] have been introduced, and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [6] and [7] has been introduced.
- non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 into which at least the modifications [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] and [6] have been introduced, and further, optionally, the modification [7] has been introduced.
- Other non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 into which modifications [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], and [7] have been introduced.
- One embodiment of the protein of the present invention comprises an amino acid sequence in which at least one modification selected from the group consisting of [1'] to [7'] below has been introduced into the amino acid sequence of mutant protein (B), which has at least one modification consisting of deletion, substitution, insertion, and addition of 1 to 20 amino acid residues relative to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, and has a higher PET degradation activity than the above-mentioned mutant protein (B).
- [1'] An alteration in which the amino acid residue corresponding to the 103rd amino acid residue of SEQ ID NO:1 is replaced with a lysine residue.
- a mutant protein refers to a protein obtained by artificially deleting or substituting amino acid residues in a base protein, or by inserting or adding amino acid residues into the base protein.
- the amino acid modification consisting of at least one of deletion, substitution, insertion, and addition may mean that 1 to 20 amino acids may be modified by at least one of deletion, substitution, insertion, and addition at any position in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1.
- the number of amino acids modified by at least one of deletion, substitution, insertion, and addition is 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 8, and most preferably 1 to 5.
- the amino acids that are modified by at least one of deletion, substitution, insertion, and addition may be natural or non-natural.
- Natural amino acids include L-alanine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, glycine, L-histidine, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-lysine, L-arginine, L-methionine, L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-serine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, L-valine, and L-cysteine.
- amino acids in the same group can be substituted for each other.
- Group A leucine, isoleucine, norleucine, valine, norvaline, alanine, 2-aminobutanoic acid, methionine, O-methylserine, t-butylglycine, t-butylalanine, cyclohexylalanine
- Group B aspartic acid, glutamic acid, isoaspartic acid, isoglutamic acid, 2-aminoadipic acid, 2-aminosuberic acid
- Group C asparagine, glutamine
- D lysine, arginine, ornithine, 2,4-diaminobutanoic acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid
- Group E proline, 3-hydroxyproline, 4-hydroxyproline
- Group F serine, threonine, homoserine
- Group G phenylalanine, tyros
- a non-limiting specific example of the protein of one aspect of the present invention is a protein having an amino acid sequence in which any of the following (B1) to (B8) has been introduced into the amino acid sequence of mutant protein (B), which has at least one modification consisting of deletion, substitution, insertion, and addition of 1 to 20 amino acid residues relative to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1: (B1) The above [1'] (B2) The above [1'] and [2'] (B3) The above [1'] and [3'] (B4) The above [1'], [2'] and [3'] (B5) The above [1'], [2'], [3'] and [4'] (B6) The above [1'], [2'], [3'], [4'] and [5'] (B7) The above [1'], [2'], [3'], [4'], [5'] and [6'] (B8) The above [1'], [2'], [3'], [4'], [5'] and [6
- a non-limiting specific embodiment of a protein according to one aspect of the present invention includes a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least modification [1'] has been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned mutant protein (B), and further, optionally, at least one modification [2'] to [7'] has been introduced.
- Other non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least modifications [1'] and [2'] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned mutant protein (B), and further, optionally, at least one modification [3'] to [7'] has been introduced.
- non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least modifications [1'] and [3'] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned mutant protein (B), and further, optionally, at least one of modifications [2'] and [4'] to [7'] has been introduced.
- Other non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least modifications [1'], [2'], and [3'] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned mutant protein (B), and further, optionally, at least one modification [4'] to [7'] has been introduced.
- non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least modifications [1'], [2'], [3'] and [4'] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned mutant protein (B), and further, optionally, at least one modification [5'] to [7'] has been introduced.
- Other non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least modifications [1'], [2'], [3'], [4'] and [5'] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned mutant protein (B), and further, optionally, at least one modification [6'] and [7'] has been introduced.
- non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least modifications [1'], [2'], [3'], [4'], [5'] and [6'] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned mutant protein (B), and further, optionally, a modification [7'] has been introduced.
- Other non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which modifications [1'], [2'], [3'], [4'], [5'], [6'] and [7'] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned mutant protein (B).
- a protein according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises an amino acid sequence in which at least one modification selected from the group consisting of [1′′] to [7′′] below has been introduced into the amino acid sequence of a homologous protein (C) having 80% or more identity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1, and has a higher polyethylene terephthalate (PET) decomposition activity than the homologous protein (C).
- C homologous protein
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- homologous protein refers to a protein that is similar in structure and function to the original protein.
- homologous proteins include amino acid sequences that have an identity of 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, and particularly preferably 95% or more, to the amino acid sequence of the target protein.
- the alignment of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 with the amino acid sequence of a homologous protein can be created using the well-known alignment program ClustalW [Nucelic Acids Research 22, 4673, (1994)].
- ClustalW is available from http://www.ebi.ac.uk/clustalw/ (European Bioinformatics Institute).
- ClustalW is available from http://www.ebi.ac.uk/clustalw/ (European Bioinformatics Institute).
- Non-limiting specific examples of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which any of the following (C1) to (C8) has been introduced into the amino acid sequence of a homologous protein (C) having 80% or more identity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1: (C1) The above [1 ''] (C2) The above [1′′] and [2′′] (C3) The above [1′′] and [3′′] (C4) The above [1′′], [2′′] and [3′′] (C5) The above [1′′], [2′′], [3′′] and [4′′] (C6) The above [1′′], [2′′], [3′′], [4′′] and [5′′] (C7) The above [1′′], [2′′], [3′′], [4′′], [5′′] and [6′′] (C8) The above [1′′], [2′′], [3′′], [4′′], [5′′], [6′′] and [7′′]
- a non-limiting specific embodiment of the protein of one aspect of the present invention includes a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least the modification [1′′] has been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned homologous protein (C), and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [2′′] to [7′′] has been introduced.
- Other non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least the modifications [1′′] and [2′′] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned homologous protein (C), and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [3′′] to [7′′] has been introduced.
- non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least the modifications [1′′] and [3′′] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned homologous protein (C), and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [2′′] and [4′′] to [7′′] has been introduced.
- Other non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least the modifications [1′′], [2′′], and [3′′] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned homologous protein (C), and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [4′′] to [7′′] has been introduced.
- non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least the modifications [1′′], [2′′], [3′′] and [4′′] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned homologous protein (C), and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [5′′] to [7′′] has been introduced.
- non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least the modifications [1′′], [2′′], [3′′], [4′′] and [5′′] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned homologous protein (C), and further, optionally, at least one of the modifications [6′′] and [7′′] has been introduced.
- non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which at least the modifications [1′′], [2′′], [3′′], [4′′], [5′′] and [6′′] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned homologous protein (C), and further, optionally, the modification [7′′] has been introduced.
- Other non-limiting specific embodiments of the protein of one aspect of the present invention include a protein having an amino acid sequence in which modifications [1′′], [2′′], [3′′], [4′′], [5′′], [6′′] and [7′′] have been introduced into the amino acid sequence of the above-mentioned homologous protein (C).
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention can degrade the main chain of PET.
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention can degrade bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalate (hereinafter also referred to as "BHET”), an intermediate product of PET degradation, into monohydroxyethyl terephthalate (hereinafter also referred to as "MHET”), and can further degrade MHET into terephthalic acid (hereinafter also referred to as "TPA”) and ethylene glycol (hereinafter also referred to as "EG”).
- BHET bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalate
- MHET monohydroxyethyl terephthalate
- TPA terephthalic acid
- EG ethylene glycol
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention can hydrolyze PET or BHET, a partial structure of PET, as a substrate to produce MHET, and further produce TPA and EG.
- the PET decomposition activity of a protein can be confirmed, for example, by preparing a reaction solution containing the protein and a PET film fragment, carrying out an enzymatic reaction, and measuring the amounts of TPA and MHET produced after the reaction is completed. If the total amount of TPA and MHET produced from a reaction solution containing the protein of one embodiment of the present invention and a PET film fragment is greater than the total amount of TPA and MHET produced from a reaction solution containing a comparative protein and a PET film fragment, it can be said that the protein of one embodiment of the present invention has a higher PET decomposition activity than the comparative protein.
- the amounts of TPA and MHET produced can be measured by high performance liquid chromatography (hereinafter also referred to as "HPLC").
- the protein of one aspect of the present invention is also referred to as the mutant PET2 of this embodiment.
- DNA An example of the DNA according to one embodiment of the present invention is a DNA encoding the protein according to one embodiment of the present invention described in 1 above.
- Transformant An example of a transformant transformed with a DNA encoding a protein according to one embodiment of the present invention is a transformant obtained by transforming a host cell by a known method using a recombinant DNA containing the DNA described in 2.
- the host cell may be any of prokaryotes, yeast, animal cells, insect cells, plant cells, etc., but is preferably a prokaryote such as a bacterium, and more preferably a microorganism belonging to the genera Escherichia, Serratia, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Microbacterium, Pseudomonas, etc.
- DNA (a) which is a DNA of one embodiment of the present invention, encoding a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least one modification selected from the group consisting of [1] to [7] above in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1, can be obtained by the following method.
- the DNA (a) can be obtained by using a DNA encoding a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1, for example, by site-directed mutagenesis described in Molecular Cloning, 3rd Edition and Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, and by substituting a nucleotide sequence encoding an amino acid residue before substitution at least one modification site selected from the group consisting of [1] to [7] described in 1. above, with a nucleotide sequence encoding an amino acid residue after substitution.
- DNA (b), which is one embodiment of the present invention has an amino acid sequence in which at least one modification selected from the group consisting of [1'] to [7'] has been introduced into the amino acid sequence of mutant protein (B), which has at least one modification consisting of deletion, substitution, insertion, and addition of 1 to 20 amino acid residues relative to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, and encodes a protein having higher PET degradation activity than the mutant protein (B), and can be obtained by the following method.
- the DNA (b) can be obtained by using a DNA encoding a mutant protein (B) having at least one of the modifications consisting of deletion, substitution, insertion, and addition of 1 to 20 amino acid residues in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, aligning the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 with the mutant protein (B) by the method described in 1. above, and replacing the base sequence of a portion encoding the amino acid residue before substitution with a base sequence encoding the amino acid residue after substitution at at least one modification site selected from the group consisting of [1'] to [7'] described in 1. above in the amino acid sequence of the mutant protein (B) by site-directed mutagenesis.
- the above DNA (b) can also be obtained by using a DNA encoding a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence in which at least one modification selected from the group consisting of [1] to [7] has been introduced into the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, and introducing mutations into the base sequence of a portion encoding the amino acid residues such that 1 to 20 amino acid residues other than the site of the modification are modified by at least one of deletion, substitution, insertion, and addition.
- the above DNA (b) can also be obtained by using a DNA encoding a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 and introducing a mutation into the base sequence of a portion encoding the modification site so that at least one modification selected from the group consisting of the above [1'] to [7'] and at least one modification consisting of deletion, substitution, insertion, and addition of 1 to 20 amino acid residues are made at a site other than the modification site.
- a primer designed so as to introduce the target modification can be used.
- DNA (c) which is one embodiment of the DNA of the present invention, has an amino acid sequence in which at least one modification selected from the group consisting of [1′′] to [7′′] has been introduced into the amino acid sequence of a homologous protein (C) having 80% or more identity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1, and encodes a protein having higher PET degradation activity than the homologous protein (C), and can be obtained by the following method.
- the DNA (c) can be prepared by aligning the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 with the homologous protein (C) by the method described in 1 above using a DNA encoding the homologous protein (C) having 80% or more identity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, and by site-directed mutagenesis, replacing a nucleotide sequence of a portion encoding an amino acid residue before substitution with a nucleotide sequence encoding an amino acid residue after substitution at at least one modification site selected from the group consisting of [1′′] to [7′′] described in 1 above in the amino acid sequence of the homologous protein (C).
- the DNA (c) can be obtained by introducing an alteration into the base sequence of a portion encoding a site other than the alteration site, using a DNA encoding a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence in which at least one alteration selected from the group consisting of [1] to [7] has been introduced into the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the alteration site is designed so that the amino acid sequence other than the at least one alteration site selected from the group consisting of [1] to [7] has 80% or more identity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the DNA of one embodiment of the present invention can be obtained by using a DNA encoding a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 and introducing at least one modification selected from the group consisting of [1′′] to [7′′] above and modifications into the base sequence of a portion encoding the other parts than the modification.
- the modification parts are designed so that the amino acid sequence other than the at least one modification part selected from the group consisting of [1′′] to [7′′] above has 80% or more identity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1.
- a primer designed so as to introduce the target modification can be used.
- Examples of the transformant according to one embodiment of the present invention include a transformant obtained by introducing a recombinant DNA containing the DNA according to one embodiment of the present invention into a host cell, and a transformant obtained by introducing a recombinant DNA obtained by incorporating the DNA according to one embodiment of the present invention into a vector DNA into a host cell.
- vectors into which the DNA of the present invention can be incorporated include pET28a (Sigma-Aldrich), pBluescriptII KS(+) (Stratagene), pDIRECT [Nucleic Acids Res., 18, 6069 (1990)], pCR-Script Amp SK(+) (Stratagene), pT7Blue (Novagen), pCR II (Invitrogen), pCR-TRAP (Gene Hunter), and pQE-60 (Qiagen).
- Host cells include microorganisms belonging to the genus Escherichia.
- microorganisms belonging to the genus Escherichia include, for example, Escherichia coli SHuffle T7 Express Competent, Escherichia coli XL1-Blue, Escherichia coli XL2-Blue, Escherichia coli DH1, Escherichia coli DH5 ⁇ , Escherichia coli MC1000, Escherichia coli ATCC 12435, Escherichia coli W1485, Escherichia coli JM109, Escherichia coli HB101, and Escherichia coli No.
- Escherichia coli W3110 Escherichia coli NY49, Escherichia coli MP347, Escherichia coli NM522, Escherichia coli BL21, Escherichia coli ME8415, etc.
- Any method for introducing recombinant DNA into the host cells can be used, such as the calcium ion method [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 69, 2110 (1972)], the protoplast method (JP Patent Publication 63-248394), and the electroporation method [Nucleic Acids Res., 16, 6127 (1988)].
- Method for Producing a Protein of an Embodiment of the Present Invention (1) Production of a Transformant Producing a Protein of an Embodiment of the Present Invention Based on the DNA of an embodiment of the present invention, a DNA fragment of an appropriate length containing a portion encoding the protein of an embodiment of the present invention is prepared as necessary. In addition, by substituting bases in the base sequence of the portion encoding the protein so that it has optimal codons for expression in the host, a transformant with improved production efficiency of the protein can be obtained.
- the recombinant DNA can be introduced into a host cell compatible with the expression vector to obtain a transformant that produces the protein of one embodiment of the present invention.
- a host cell any cell capable of expressing the target gene can be used, including bacteria, yeast, animal cells, insect cells, plant cells, and the like.
- the expression vector used is one which is capable of autonomous replication in the above-mentioned host cells or can be integrated into a chromosome and contains a promoter at a position where the DNA of the present invention can be transcribed.
- the recombinant DNA having the DNA of the present invention is preferably capable of autonomously replicating in the prokaryote and is composed of a promoter, a ribosome binding sequence, the DNA of the present invention, and a transcription termination sequence, and may also contain a gene that controls the promoter.
- Expression vectors include pET28a (Sigma-Aldrich), pColdI (Takara Bio), pCDF-1b, pRSF-1b (both Novagen), pMAL-c2x (New England Biolabs), pGEX-4T-1 (GE Healthcare Biosciences), pTrcHis (Invitrogen), pSE280 (Invitrogen), pGEMEX-1 (Promega), pQE-30 (Qiagen), and pQE-60 ( Qiagen), pET-3 (Novagen), pKYP10 (JP Patent Publication 58-110600), pKYP200 [Agric. Biol.
- the promoter may be any promoter that functions in a host cell such as E. coli.
- Examples include promoters derived from E. coli or phages, such as the trp promoter (Ptrp), lac promoter (Plac), PL promoter, PR promoter, and PSE promoter, as well as the SPO1 promoter, SPO2 promoter, and penP promoter.
- artificially designed and modified promoters such as a promoter with two Ptrp promoters in series (Ptrp x 2), the tac promoter, the lacT7 promoter, and the let I promoter can also be used.
- a transcription termination sequence is not necessarily required for the expression of the DNA of one embodiment of the present invention, but in recombinant DNA, it is preferable to place a transcription termination sequence immediately downstream of the structural gene.
- Prokaryotes include microorganisms belonging to the genera Escherichia, Serratia, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Microbacterium, and Pseudomonas, such as Escherichia coli SHuffle T7 Expr.
- Escherichia coli XL1-Blue Escherichia coli XL2-Blue
- Escherichia coli DH1 Escherichia coli DH5 ⁇
- Escherichia coli NM522 Escherichia coli MC1000, Escherichia coli KY3276, Escherichia coli W1485, Escherichia coli JM109, Escherichia coli HB101, Escherichia coli No.
- the microorganism belongs to the genus Escherichia or Corynebacterium, more preferably Escherichia coli XL1-Blue, Escherichia coli XL2-Blue, Escherichia coli DH1, Escherichia coli DH5 ⁇ , Escherichia coli MC1000, Escherichia coli MM294, Escherichia coli W1485, Escherichia coli JM109, Escherichia coli HB101, Escherichia coli No.
- Any method for introducing a recombinant vector can be used so long as it is a method for introducing DNA into the host cells, such as the method using calcium ions [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 69, 2110 (1972)], the protoplast method (JP Patent Publication Nos. 57-186492 and 57-18649), the electroporation method [e.g., Journal of Bacteriology, 175, 4096 (1993); Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 52, 541 (1999)], and the methods described in Gene, 17, 107 (1982) and Molecular & General Genetics, 168, 111 (1979).
- YEp13 ATCC37115
- YEp24 ATCC37051
- YCp50 ATCC37419
- pHS19 pHS15, etc.
- Any promoter may be used as long as it functions in a yeast strain, and examples of such promoters include the PHO5 promoter, the PGK promoter, the GAP promoter, the ADH promoter, the gal 1 promoter, the gal 10 promoter, the heat shock polypeptide promoter, the MF ⁇ 1 promoter, and the CUP 1 promoter.
- Host cells include yeast strains belonging to the genera Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Kluyveromyces, Trichosporon, Siwanniomyces, Pichia, Candida, etc., and more specifically, examples thereof include Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Kluyveromyces lactis, Trichosporon pullulans, Schwanniomyces alluvius, Pichia pastoris, Candida utilis, etc.
- Any method for introducing recombinant DNA into yeast can be used, such as electroporation (Methods Enzymol., 194, 182 (1990)), the spheroplast method (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 81, 4889 (1984)), and the lithium acetate method (J. Bacteriol., 153, 163 (1983)).
- the host for the transformant for producing the protein of one embodiment of the present invention may be any of prokaryotes, yeast, animal cells, insect cells, plant cells, etc., but is preferably a prokaryote such as a bacterium, and more preferably a microorganism belonging to the genera Escherichia, Serratia, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Microbacterium, Pseudomonas, etc.
- the above transformant can be cultured in a medium according to a conventional method used for culturing a host.
- a medium for culturing a transformant obtained using a prokaryote such as Escherichia coli or a eukaryote such as yeast as a host either a natural medium or a synthetic medium may be used as long as it contains a carbon source, a nitrogen source, inorganic salts, etc. that can be assimilated by the organism and allows efficient cultivation of the transformant.
- the carbon source may be any that can be assimilated by the organism, and examples of the carbon source that can be used include carbohydrates such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, molasses containing these, starch or starch hydrolysates, organic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid, and alcohols such as ethanol and propanol.
- carbohydrates such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, molasses containing these, starch or starch hydrolysates, organic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid, and alcohols such as ethanol and propanol.
- nitrogen sources examples include ammonia, ammonium salts of inorganic or organic acids such as ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium acetate, and ammonium phosphate, other nitrogen-containing compounds, as well as peptone, meat extract, yeast extract, corn steep liquor, casein hydrolysate, soybean meal and soybean meal hydrolysate, various fermentation bacteria, and digested products thereof.
- ammonia ammonium salts of inorganic or organic acids such as ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium acetate, and ammonium phosphate
- other nitrogen-containing compounds as well as peptone, meat extract, yeast extract, corn steep liquor, casein hydrolysate, soybean meal and soybean meal hydrolysate, various fermentation bacteria, and digested products thereof.
- Inorganic salts that can be used include potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium carbonate, etc.
- Cultivation is usually carried out under aerobic conditions such as shaking culture or deep aeration agitation culture.
- the culture temperature is preferably 15 to 40°C, and the culture time is usually 5 hours to 7 days.
- the pH during cultivation is maintained at 3.0 to 11.
- the pH is adjusted using inorganic or organic acids, alkaline solutions, urea, calcium carbonate, ammonia, etc.
- antibiotics such as kanamycin, ampicillin, tetracycline, etc. may be added to the medium, if necessary.
- an inducer may be added to the medium as necessary.
- isopropyl- ⁇ -D-thiogalactopyranoside or the like may be added to the medium when culturing a microorganism transformed with an expression vector using a lac promoter, and indoleacrylic acid or the like may be added to the medium when culturing a microorganism transformed with an expression vector using a trp promoter.
- the protein can be produced within a host cell, secreted outside the host cell, or produced on the outer membrane of the host cell.
- the structure of the protein produced can be altered depending on the method selected.
- a protein according to one embodiment of the present invention When a protein according to one embodiment of the present invention is produced inside a host cell or on the outer membrane of the host cell, the protein can be actively secreted outside the host cell by applying, mutatis mutandis, the method of Paulson et al. [J. Biol. Chem., 264, 17619 (1989)], the method of Rowe et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 86, 8227 (1989), Genes Develop., 4, 1288 (1990)], or the methods described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-336963 and International Publication No. 94/23021, etc.
- the protein can be actively secreted outside the host cell. Furthermore, the production amount can be increased by utilizing a gene amplification system using a dihydrofolate reductase gene or the like, according to the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-227075.
- a purified preparation can be obtained by using, alone or in combination, a conventional enzyme isolation and purification method, i.e., solvent extraction, salting out with ammonium sulfate or the like, desalting, precipitation with an organic solvent, anion exchange chromatography using resins such as diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-Sepharose, DIAION (registered trademark) HPA-75 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), cation exchange chromatography using resins such as S-Sepharose FF (manufactured by Amersham Biosciences), hydrophobic chromatography using resins such as butyl Sepharose and phenyl Sepharose, gel filtration using molecular sieves, affinity chromatography, chromatofocusing, electrophoresis such as isoelectric focusing, and the like.
- a conventional enzyme isolation and purification method i.e., solvent extraction, salting out with ammonium sulfate or the like, desalting
- the cells are similarly recovered, disrupted, and centrifuged to recover the insoluble protein as a precipitate fraction.
- the recovered insoluble protein is solubilized with a protein denaturant.
- the solubilized solution is diluted or dialyzed to reduce the concentration of the protein denaturant in the solubilized solution, thereby returning the protein to its normal three-dimensional structure.
- a purified sample of the protein can be obtained by the same isolation and purification method as above.
- the protein or the derivative can be recovered from the culture supernatant. That is, the culture can be treated by a method such as centrifugation similar to that described above to obtain a culture supernatant, and a purified specimen can be obtained from the culture supernatant by the same isolation and purification method as described above.
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention may be produced as a fusion protein with another protein, and purified by affinity chromatography using a substance having affinity for the fusion protein.
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention may be produced as a fusion protein with protein A, and purified by affinity chromatography using immunoglobulin G, in accordance with the methods described in Lowe et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 86, 8227 (1989), Genes Develop., 4, 1288 (1990)], JP-A-5-336963, and WO 94/23021.
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention can be produced as a fusion protein with Flag peptide and purified by affinity chromatography using anti-Flag antibody [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 86, 8227 (1989), Genes Develop., 4, 1288 (1990)], or produced as a fusion protein with polyhistidine and purified by affinity chromatography using a metal coordination resin that has high affinity for polyhistidine. Furthermore, it can be purified by affinity chromatography using an antibody against the protein itself.
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention can be produced by chemical synthesis methods such as the Fmoc method (fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl method) and the tBoc method (t-butyloxycarbonyl method).
- chemical synthesis can also be performed using peptide synthesizers manufactured by Advanced ChemTech, PerkinElmer, Pharmacia, Protein Technology Instrument, Synthecell-Vega, Applied Biosystems, Shimadzu Corporation, etc.
- Method for Degrading PET An example of a method for degrading PET according to an embodiment of the present invention is a method using the protein according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the method for degrading PET according to an embodiment of the present invention preferably includes, but is not limited to, degrading PET in a reaction solution containing the protein according to an embodiment of the present invention, PET, magnesium chloride, and sodium carbonate.
- the concentration of the protein of one embodiment of the present invention in the reaction solution when decomposing PET is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ g/mL, more preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ g/mL, from the viewpoint of the efficiency of PET decomposition, but is not limited to this concentration and can be set appropriately depending on the amount of PET to be decomposed, etc.
- the concentration of magnesium chloride in the reaction solution when decomposing PET is preferably 0.05 to 10 mM, and more preferably 0.1 to 5 mM.
- Magnesium chloride contributes to the stabilization of the protein mentioned in 1 above, and when it is 0.05 mM or more, it has the advantage of enhancing the heat resistance of the protein, and when it is 10 mM or less, it has the advantage that the binding ability of the protein to the substrate is less likely to decrease.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 40 to 70°C, more preferably 55 to 65°C, from the viewpoint of the heat resistance or PET decomposition activity of the protein described in 1 above.
- the pH during the reaction is preferably 6 to 11, more preferably 8.5 to 9.5, from the viewpoint of the PET decomposition activity of the protein described in 1 above.
- the reaction time can be set appropriately depending on the amount of PET to be decomposed, and is preferably 12 to 48 hours. If the treatment is carried out over a long period of time, the protein described above in 1 may be added periodically.
- PET When decomposing PET using a protein according to one embodiment of the present invention, there is no limitation on the form of the PET to be decomposed, and examples of such forms include fibrous, granular, flake, pellet, film, block, and bottle forms. Mixtures of these can also be used.
- Waste materials such as PET bottles can be treated using the protein of one embodiment of the present invention.
- PET can be decomposed using the protein of one embodiment of the present invention, and the decomposition products can be used for recycling.
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention can also be used to modify the surface of PET processed products such as PET films, modify the surface of PET fibers, wash clothes made of PET fibers, wash PET resin to be recycled, etc.
- the method for producing at least one of TPA and MHET according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a method comprising decomposing PET using the protein according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the method for producing at least one of TPA and MHET according to one embodiment of the present invention preferably comprises decomposing PET in a reaction solution containing the protein according to one embodiment of the present invention, PET, magnesium chloride, and sodium carbonate, but is not limited thereto.
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention can degrade the main chain of PET.
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention can degrade BHET, an intermediate product of PET degradation, into MHET, and can further degrade MHET into TPA and EG.
- the protein of one embodiment of the present invention can hydrolyze PET or BHET, a partial structure of PET, as a substrate to produce MHET, and further produce TPA and EG.
- the concentration of the protein in the reaction solution according to one embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of magnesium chloride in the reaction solution when decomposing PET, the reaction temperature, the pH during the reaction, the reaction time, and the form of the decomposed PET are as described in 7. above.
- Example 1 Construction of mutant PET2 expression strain (1) Construction of wild-type PET2 expression plasmid Using DNA (SEQ ID NO: 2) consisting of the base sequence of a gene encoding the amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) of wild-type PET2 described in Non-Patent Document 2 as a template, PCR was performed using DNA consisting of the base sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 5 and 6 as a primer set to obtain a DNA fragment of PET2. The DNA represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 was prepared by artificial synthesis.
- the wild-type PET2 DNA fragment obtained above and the expression vector pET28a (Sigma-Aldrich) were ligated using In-Fusion HD Cloning Kit (Takara Bio Inc.) to obtain a wild-type PET2 expression plasmid pET28a-PET2.
- PCR was performed using the pET28a-L103K obtained above as a template and DNA consisting of the base sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10 as a primer set to produce an expression plasmid pET28a-L103K/G76C for the mutant PET2 of this embodiment, in which the 103rd L-leucine residue in the amino acid sequence of PET2 was replaced with an L-lysine residue and the 76th L-glycine residue was replaced with an L-cysteine residue.
- the plasmid obtained in the previous step was used as a template, and PCR was performed using DNAs consisting of base sequences corresponding to each of the sequence numbers shown in Table 1 as a primer set to sequentially prepare expression plasmids for mutant PET2 according to this embodiment in which mutations were added to the amino acid sequence of PET2.
- Table 1 shows each added mutation point and the sequence number of the corresponding primer set.
- mutant PET2 expression plasmid according to this embodiment-2
- mutant PET2 expression plasmid pET28a-L103K/G76C/A144C/Q134G/A222M
- SEQ ID NOs: 5 and 6 DNA consisting of the base sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 5 and 6 as a primer set
- error-prone PCR was performed using Diversify PCR Random Mutagenesis Kit (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.).
- a DNA fragment of mutant PET2 according to this embodiment to which a new mutation point L73Q the 73rd L-leucine residue is replaced with an L-glutamine residue
- the resulting DNA fragment was linked to the expression vector pET28a using the In-Fusion HD Cloning Kit to produce an expression plasmid for the mutant PET2 of this embodiment, which contains the following mutations in the amino acid sequence of PET2: L103K, G76C, A144C, Q134G, A222M, and L73Q.
- the obtained DNA fragment was linked to the expression vector pET28a to prepare an expression plasmid of mutant PET2 according to this embodiment with the mutations L103K, G76C, A144C, Q134G, A222M, L73Q, and I203T added to the amino acid sequence of PET2.
- an expression plasmid pET28a-N257D of a comparative mutant PET2 in which the 257th L-asparagine residue in the amino acid sequence of PET2 represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with an L-aspartic acid residue was prepared.
- an expression plasmid pET28a-L103D of a comparative mutant PET2 in which the 103rd L-leucine residue in the amino acid sequence of PET2 represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 was replaced with an L-aspartic acid residue was prepared.
- Example 2 Evaluation of each mutation point based on measurement of PET decomposition activity of various PET2 purified enzymes (1) Acquisition of various PET2 purified enzymes A total of 12 transformants obtained in Example 1 (5) were cultured on an LB plate at 30 ° C. for 24 hours, inoculated into a large test tube containing 5 mL of LB medium containing 100 mg / L of kanamycin, and cultured with shaking at 30 ° C. for 20 hours. Then, 0.6 mL of the resulting culture was transferred to a flask containing 30 mL of LB medium containing 100 mg / L of kanamycin, and cultured with shaking at 37 ° C.
- IPTG isopropyl- ⁇ -D-thiogalactopyranoside
- PET decomposition activity of various PET2 purified enzymes was measured by the following enzyme reaction, and the effects of introducing each mutation were compared.
- a reaction solution 0.5 mL
- the concentration of TPA and MHET produced by the enzyme reaction and the total value of these (hereinafter referred to as the decomposition amount) are increased compared to the purified enzyme of the wild-type PET2 and the purified enzyme of the comparative mutant PET2, and it was shown that the introduction of the mutation improved the PET decomposition activity.
- the purified enzyme into which the mutation L73Q was introduced had a decomposition amount increased by 6.7 mM compared to the purified enzyme without the mutation, indicating that the mutation greatly contributes to the improvement of the PET decomposition activity.
- the purified enzyme into which the mutation Q134G was introduced had a decomposition amount increased by 5.7 mM compared to the purified enzyme without the mutation, indicating that the mutation greatly contributes to the improvement of the PET decomposition activity.
- the decomposition amount of the mutation A144C was increased by 2.5 mM by introducing it in combination with the mutation G76C, indicating that the combination of the mutations A144C and G76C greatly contributes to the improvement of the PET decomposition activity.
- the amount of decomposition was greater when the magnesium chloride concentration in the reaction solution was 1 mM than when it was 10 mM, indicating that this is a suitable concentration for the decomposition of PET by the mutant PET2 according to this embodiment.
- Example 3 Comparison of PET degradation activity between previously reported mutant PET2 and mutant PET2 according to the present embodiment
- DNA SEQ ID NO: 4 consisting of the base sequence of a gene encoding mutant PET2 (SEQ ID NO: 3) (hereinafter referred to as PET2s) described in Non-Patent Document 3 was used as a template, and PCR was performed using DNA consisting of the base sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 23 and 24 as a primer set to obtain a DNA fragment of PET2s.
- the DNA represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 was prepared by artificial synthesis.
- the above-obtained DNA fragment of PET2s and the expression vector pET28a were ligated using In-Fusion HD Cloning Kit to obtain the expression plasmid pET28a-PET2s of PET2s.
- the culture solution was centrifuged to remove the supernatant, and the bacterial cells were collected.
- a crude protein extract was obtained from the obtained bacterial cells by a standard method, and a PET2s enzyme solution was recovered from the extract using TALON (registered trademark) Metal Affinity Resin (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.).
- the enzyme solution was diluted with 100 mM sodium carbonate buffer (pH 9.2) and concentrated and desalted using Amicon (registered trademark) Ultra- (manufactured by Merck Millipore) to obtain a purified PET2s enzyme.
- PET decomposition activity of the PET2s purified enzyme and the four mutant PET2 purified enzymes according to this embodiment obtained in Example 1 was measured by the following enzyme reaction.
- a reaction solution of 0.5 mL consisting of 5 ⁇ g of each purified enzyme, 100 mM sodium carbonate buffer (pH 9.2), 10 mM magnesium chloride, and 0.01 g of PET film fragments was prepared, and the enzyme reaction was carried out at 60 ° C. for 24 hours. After the reaction was completed, the TPA and MHET produced by PET decomposition were analyzed by HPLC.
- the mutation points of various PET2 purified enzymes, the concentrations (mM) of TPA and MHET produced by the enzymatic reaction of each purified enzyme, and the total value (mM) of these (decomposition amount) are shown in Table 4.
- the purified enzyme of the mutant PET2 according to the present embodiment having the mutations L103K, G76C, A144C, and Q134G introduced the purified enzyme of the mutant PET2 according to the present embodiment having the mutations L103K, G76C, A144C, Q134G, and A222M introduced
- the protein according to one embodiment of the present invention contains amino acid residue substitutions at specific sites, and thus has higher PET degradation activity than a protein that does not have those substitutions.
- SEQ ID NO: 1 Amino acid sequence of PET2 SEQ ID NO: 2: Nucleotide sequence of PET2 SEQ ID NO: 3: Amino acid sequence of PET2s SEQ ID NO: 4: Nucleotide sequence of PET2s SEQ ID NO: 5: Nucleotide sequence of primer Fw for amplifying PET2 fragment SEQ ID NO: 6: Nucleotide sequence of primer Rv for amplifying PET2 fragment SEQ ID NO: 7: Nucleotide sequence of primer Fw for amplifying L103K fragment SEQ ID NO: 8: Nucleotide sequence of primer Rv for amplifying L103K fragment SEQ ID NO: 9: Nucleotide sequence of primer Fw for amplifying G76C fragment SEQ ID NO: 10: Nucleotide sequence of primer Rv for amplifying G76C fragment SEQ ID NO: 11: Nucleotide sequence of primer Fw for amplifying A144C fragment SEQ ID NO: 12: Nucleotide sequence of primer Rv for
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Abstract
Description
<1> 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において、以下の[1]~[7]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質。
[1]103番目のアミノ酸残基をリジン残基に置換する改変
[2]76番目のアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[3]144番目のアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[4]134番目のアミノ酸残基をグリシン残基に置換する改変
[5]222番目のアミノ酸残基をメチオニン残基に置換する改変
[6]73番目のアミノ酸残基をグルタミン残基に置換する改変
[7]203番目のアミノ酸残基をスレオニン残基に置換する改変
<2> 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列に対して1~20個のアミノ酸残基が欠失、置換、挿入及び付加の少なくとも1からなる改変を有する変異蛋白質(B)のアミノ酸配列において、以下の[1´]~[7´]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなり、前記変異蛋白質(B)に比べて高いポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)分解活性を有する蛋白質。
[1´]配列番号1の103番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をリジン残基に置換する改変
[2´]配列番号1の76番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[3´]配列番号1の144番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[4´]配列番号1の134番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグリシン残基に置換する改変
[5´]配列番号1の222番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をメチオニン残基に置換する改変
[6´]配列番号1の73番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグルタミン残基に置換する改変
[7´]配列番号1の203番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をスレオニン残基に置換する改変
<3> 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列と80%以上の同一性を有する相同蛋白質(C)のアミノ酸配列において、以下の[1´´]~[7´´]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなり、前記相同蛋白質(C)に比べて高いポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)分解活性を有する蛋白質。
[1´´]配列番号1の103番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をリジン残基に置換する改変
[2´´]配列番号1の76番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[3´´]配列番号1の144番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[4´´]配列番号1の134番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグリシン残基に置換する改変
[5´´]配列番号1の222番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をメチオニン残基に置換する改変
[6´´]配列番号1の73番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグルタミン残基に置換する改変
[7´´]配列番号1の203番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をスレオニン残基に置換する改変
<4> <1>~<3>のいずれか1に記載の蛋白質をコードするDNA。
<5> <4>に記載のDNAを含有する組換え体DNA。
<6> <5>に記載の組換え体DNAで宿主細胞を形質転換して得られる形質転換体。
<7> <1>~<3>のいずれか1に記載の蛋白質を用いて、PETを分解する方法。
<8> <1>~<3>のいずれか1に記載の蛋白質、PET、塩化マグネシウム及び炭酸ナトリウムを含む反応液中でPETを分解することを含む、<7>に記載のPETを分解する方法。
<9> 前記反応液中の塩化マグネシウムの濃度が0.1mM~5mMである、<8>に記載のPETを分解する方法。
<10> <1>~<3>のいずれか1に記載の蛋白質を用いてPETを分解することを含む、テレフタル酸(TPA)及びモノヒドロキシエチルテレフタレート(MHET)の少なくとも一方を製造する方法。
<11> <1>~<3>のいずれか1に記載の蛋白質、PET、塩化マグネシウム及び炭酸ナトリウムを含む反応液中でPETを分解することを含む、<10>に記載のTPA及びMHETの少なくとも一方を製造する方法。
<12> 前記反応液中の塩化マグネシウムの濃度が0.1mM~5mMである、<11>に記載のTPA及びMHETの少なくとも一方を製造する方法。
数値範囲の「~」は、その前後の数値を含む範囲であり、例えば、「0質量%~100質量%」は、0質量%以上であり、かつ、100質量%以下である範囲を意味する。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質は、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において、以下の[1]~[7]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる。
[1]103番目のアミノ酸残基をリジン残基に置換する改変
[2]76番目のアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[3]144番目のアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[4]134番目のアミノ酸残基をグリシン残基に置換する改変
[5]222番目のアミノ酸残基をメチオニン残基に置換する改変
[6]73番目のアミノ酸残基をグルタミン残基に置換する改変
[7]203番目のアミノ酸残基をスレオニン残基に置換する改変
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において、上記[1]~[7]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変を導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質とすることにより、耐熱性及び基質との結合能の少なくともいずれか一方が向上するため、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を有する蛋白質(A)に比べて高いPET分解活性を示すと考えられる。
(A1)上記[1]
(A2)上記[1]及び[2]
(A3)上記[1]及び[3]
(A4)上記[1]、[2]及び[3]
(A5)上記[1]、[2]、[3]及び[4]
(A6)上記[1]、[2]、[3]、[4]及び[5]
(A7)上記[1]、[2]、[3]、[4]、[5]及び[6]
(A8)上記[1]、[2]、[3]、[4]、[5]、[6]及び[7]
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において少なくとも[1]及び[2]の改変が導入され、更に、[3]~[7]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において少なくとも[1]及び[3]の改変が導入され、更に、[2]及び[4]~[7]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において少なくとも[1]、[2]及び[3]の改変が導入され、更に、[4]~[7]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において少なくとも[1]、[2]、[3]及び[4]の改変が導入され、更に、[5]~[7]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において少なくとも[1]、[2]、[3]、[4]及び[5]の改変が導入され、更に、[6]及び[7]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において少なくとも[1]、[2]、[3]、[4]、[5]及び[6]の改変が導入され、更に、[7]の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において[1]、[2]、[3]、[4]、[5]、[6]及び[7]の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
[1´]配列番号1の103番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をリジン残基に置換する改変
[2´]配列番号1の76番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[3´]配列番号1の144番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[4´]配列番号1の134番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグリシン残基に置換する改変
[5´]配列番号1の222番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をメチオニン残基に置換する改変
[6´]配列番号1の73番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグルタミン残基に置換する改変
[7´]配列番号1の203番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をスレオニン残基に置換する改変
A群:ロイシン、イソロイシン、ノルロイシン、バリン、ノルバリン、アラニン、2-アミノブタン酸、メチオニン、O-メチルセリン、t-ブチルグリシン、t-ブチルアラニン、シクロヘキシルアラニン
B群:アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸、イソアスパラギン酸、イソグルタミン酸、2-アミノアジピン酸、2-アミノスベリン酸
C群:アスパラギン、グルタミン
D群:リジン、アルギニン、オルニチン、2,4-ジアミノブタン酸、2,3-ジアミノプロピオン酸
E群:プロリン、3-ヒドロキシプロリン、4-ヒドロキシプロリン
F群:セリン、スレオニン、ホモセリン
G群:フェニルアラニン、チロシン
(B1)上記[1´]
(B2)上記[1´]及び[2´]
(B3)上記[1´]及び[3´]
(B4)上記[1´]、[2´]及び[3´]
(B5)上記[1´]、[2´]、[3´]及び[4´]
(B6)上記[1´]、[2´]、[3´]、[4´]及び[5´]
(B7)上記[1´]、[2´]、[3´]、[4´]、[5´]及び[6´]
(B8)上記[1´]、[2´]、[3´]、[4´]、[5´]、[6´]及び[7´]
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記変異蛋白質(B)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´]及び[2´]の改変が導入され、更に、[3´]~[7´]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記変異蛋白質(B)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´]及び[3´]の改変が導入され、更に、[2´]及び[4´]~[7´]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記変異蛋白質(B)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´]、[2´]及び[3´]の改変が導入され、更に、[4´]~[7´]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記変異蛋白質(B)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´]、[2´]、[3´]及び[4´]の改変が導入され、更に、[5´]~[7´]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記変異蛋白質(B)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´]、[2´]、[3´]、[4´]及び[5´]の改変が導入され、更に、[6´]及び[7´]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記変異蛋白質(B)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´]、[2´]、[3´]、[4´]、[5´]及び[6´]の改変が導入され、更に、[7´]の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記変異蛋白質(B)のアミノ酸配列において、[1´]、[2´]、[3´]、[4´]、[5´]、[6´]及び[7´]の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
[1´´]配列番号1の103番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をリジン残基に置換する改変
[2´´]配列番号1の76番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[3´´]配列番号1の144番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[4´´]配列番号1の134番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグリシン残基に置換する改変
[5´´]配列番号1の222番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をメチオニン残基に置換する改変
[6´´]配列番号1の73番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグルタミン残基に置換する改変
[7´´]配列番号1の203番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をスレオニン残基に置換する改変
相同蛋白質としては、例えば、対象となる蛋白質が有するアミノ酸配列と80%以上、好ましくは90%以上、特に好ましくは95%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列が挙げられる。
(C1)上記[1´´]
(C2)上記[1´´]及び[2´´]
(C3)上記[1´´]及び[3´´]
(C4)上記[1´´]、[2´´]及び[3´´]
(C5)上記[1´´]、[2´´]、[3´´]及び[4´´]
(C6)上記[1´´]、[2´´]、[3´´]、[4´´]及び[5´´]
(C7)上記[1´´]、[2´´]、[3´´]、[4´´]、[5´´]及び[6´´]
(C8)上記[1´´]、[2´´]、[3´´]、[4´´]、[5´´]、[6´´]及び[7´´]
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記相同蛋白質(C)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´´]及び[2´´]の改変が導入され、更に、[3´´]~[7´´]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記相同蛋白質(C)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´´]及び[3´´]の改変が導入され、更に、[2´´]及び[4´´]~[7´´]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記相同蛋白質(C)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´´]、[2´´]及び[3´´]の改変が導入され、更に、[4´´]~[7´´]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記相同蛋白質(C)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´´]、[2´´]、[3´´]及び[4´´]の改変が導入され、更に、[5´´]~[7´´]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記相同蛋白質(C)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´´]、[2´´]、[3´´]、[4´´]及び[5´´]の改変が導入され、更に、[6´´]及び[7´´]の少なくとも1の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記相同蛋白質(C)のアミノ酸配列において、少なくとも[1´´]、[2´´]、[3´´]、[4´´]、[5´´]及び[6´´]の改変が導入され、更に、[7´´]の改変が任意に導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質の非限定的な他の具体的態様としては、上記相同蛋白質(C)のアミノ酸配列において、[1´´]、[2´´]、[3´´]、[4´´]、[5´´]、[6´´]及び[7´´]の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質が挙げられる。
生成したTPA及びMHETの量は、高速液体クロマトグラフ(以下、「HPLC」とも称する。)により測定できる。
本発明の一態様のDNAとしては、上記1.に記載の本発明の一態様の蛋白質をコードするDNAを挙げることができる。
本発明の一態様の蛋白質をコードするDNAで形質転換した形質転換体としては、上記2.のDNAを含む組換え体DNAを用い、宿主細胞を公知の方法で形質転換して得られる形質転換体を挙げることができる。宿主細胞としては、原核生物、酵母、動物細胞、昆虫細胞等、植物細胞等いずれであってもよいが、好ましくは細菌等の原核生物、より好ましくはエシェリヒア属、セラチア属、バチルス属、ブレビバクテリウム属、コリネバクテリウム属、ミクロバクテリウム属、シュードモナス属等に属する微生物を挙げることができる。
本発明の一態様のDNAである、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において、上記[1]~[7]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質をコードするDNA(a)は、以下の方法で取得できる。
上記DNA(a)は、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質をコードするDNAを用いて、例えばモレキュラー・クローニング第3版およびカレント・プロトコールズ・イン・モレキュラー・バイオロジー等に記載された部位特異的変異導入法により、上記1.に記載の上記[1]~[7]からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1の改変箇所において、置換前のアミノ酸残基をコードする部分の塩基配列を、置換後のアミノ酸残基をコードする塩基配列に置換することにより取得することができる。
上記DNA(b)は、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列のうち1~20個のアミノ酸残基が欠失、置換、挿入及び付加の少なくとも1つからなる改変を有する変異蛋白質(B)をコードするDNAを用いて、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列と、上記変異蛋白質(B)とを上記1.に記載の方法によってアライメントして、部位特異的変異導入法により、上記変異蛋白質(B)のアミノ酸配列において、上記1.に記載の上記[1´]~[7´]からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1の改変箇所において、置換前のアミノ酸残基をコードする部分の塩基配列を、置換後のアミノ酸残基をコードする塩基配列に置換することにより取得することができる。
上記DNA(b)は、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において上記[1]~[7]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質をコードするDNAを用いて、該改変部位以外の箇所の1~20個のアミノ酸残基が欠失、置換、挿入及び付加の少なくとも1つからなる改変がされるように、該アミノ酸残基をコードする部分の塩基配列に変異を導入する方法でも取得することができる。
上記DNA(b)は、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質をコードするDNAを用いて、上記[1´]~[7´]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変及び該改変箇所以外の箇所に1~20個のアミノ酸残基の欠失、置換、挿入及び付加の少なくとも1つからなる改変がされるように、該改変箇所をコードする部分の塩基配列に変異を導入する方法でも取得することができる。
上記取得方法においては、対象の改変を導入できるように設計したプライマーを用いることができる。
上記DNA(c)は、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列と80%以上の同一性を有する相同蛋白質(C)をコードするDNAを用いて、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列と、上記相同蛋白質(C)とを上記1.に記載の方法によってアライメントして、部位特異的変異導入法により、上記相同蛋白質(C)のアミノ酸配列において、上記1.に記載の上記[1´´]~[7´´]からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1の改変箇所において、置換前のアミノ酸残基をコードする部分の塩基配列を、置換後のアミノ酸残基をコードする塩基配列に置換することができる。
上記DNA(c)は、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において上記[1]~[7]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質をコードするDNAを用いて、該改変部位以外の箇所をコードする部分の塩基配列に改変を導入して、取得することができる。このとき、上記[1]~[7]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変箇所以外のアミノ酸配列が、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列と80%以上の同一性を有するように改変箇所を設計する。
また、本発明の一態様のDNAは、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質をコードするDNAを用いて、上記[1´´]~[7´´]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変及び該改変箇所以外の箇所をコードする部分の塩基配列に改変を導入して、取得することができる。このとき、上記[1´´]~[7´´]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変箇所以外のアミノ酸配列が、配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列と80%以上の同一性を有するように改変箇所を設計する。
上記取得方法においては、対象の改変を導入できるように設計したプライマーを用いることができる。
本発明の一態様の形質転換体としては、本発明の一態様のDNAを含有する組換え体DNAを宿主細胞に導入して得られる形質転換体や、本発明の一態様のDNAをベクターDNAに組み込んで得られる組換え体DNAを宿主細胞に導入して得られる形質転換体を挙げることができる。
(1)本発明の一態様の蛋白質を生産する形質転換体の製造
本発明の一態様のDNAをもとにして、必要に応じて、本発明の一態様の蛋白質をコードする部分を含む適当な長さのDNA断片を調製する。また、該蛋白質をコードする部分の塩基配列を、宿主の発現に最適なコドンとなるように、塩基を置換することにより、該蛋白質の生産効率が向上した形質転換体を取得することができる。
宿主細胞としては、細菌、酵母、動物細胞、昆虫細胞等、植物細胞等、目的とする遺伝子を発現できるものであればいずれも用いることができる。
発現ベクターとしては、上記宿主細胞において自律複製可能ないしは染色体中への組込が可能で、本発明のDNAを転写できる位置にプロモーターを含有しているものが用いられる。
プロモーターとしては、酵母菌株中で機能するものであればいずれのものを用いてもよく、例えば、PHO5プロモーター、PGKプロモーター、GAPプロモーター、ADHプロモーター、gal 1プロモーター、gal 10プロモーター、ヒートショックポリペプチドプロモーター、MFα1 プロモーター、CUP 1プロモーター等のプロモーターを挙げることができる。
上記(1)の方法で得られる形質転換体を培地に培養し、培養物中に本発明の一態様の蛋白質を生成、蓄積させ、該培養物から採取することにより、該蛋白質を製造することができる。
エシェリヒア・コリ等の原核生物あるいは酵母等の真核生物を宿主として得られた形質転換体を培養する培地としては、該生物が資化し得る炭素源、窒素源、無機塩類等を含有し、形質転換体の培養を効率的に行える培地であれば天然培地、合成培地のいずれを用いてもよい。
窒素源としては、アンモニア、塩化アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウム、酢酸アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウム等の無機酸もしくは有機酸のアンモニウム塩、その他の含窒素化合物、並びに、ペプトン、肉エキス、酵母エキス、コーンスチープリカー、カゼイン加水分解物、大豆粕および大豆粕加水分解物、各種発酵菌体、およびその消化物等を用いることができる。
プロモーターとして誘導性のプロモーターを用いた発現ベクターで形質転換した微生物を培養するときには、必要に応じてインデューサーを培地に添加してもよい。例えば、lacプロモーターを用いた発現ベクターで形質転換した微生物を培養するときにはイソプロピル-β-D-チオガラクトピラノシド等を、trpプロモーターを用いた発現ベクターで形質転換した微生物を培養するときにはインドールアクリル酸等を培地に添加してもよい。
また、日本国特開平2-227075号公報に記載されている方法に準じて、ジヒドロ葉酸還元酵素遺伝子等を用いた遺伝子増幅系を利用して生産量を上昇させることもできる。
例えば本発明の一態様の蛋白質が、細胞内に溶解状態で発現した場合には、培養終了後、細胞を遠心分離により回収し、水系緩衝液にけん濁後、超音波破砕機、フレンチプレス、マントンガウリンホモゲナイザー、ダイノミル等により細胞を破砕し、無細胞抽出液を得る。該無細胞抽出液を遠心分離することにより得られる上清から、通常の酵素の単離精製法、即ち、溶媒抽出法、硫安等による塩析法、脱塩法、有機溶媒による沈殿法、ジエチルアミノエチル(DEAE)-セファロース、DIAION(登録商標) HPA-75(三菱ケミカル株式会社製)等のレジンを用いた陰イオン交換クロマトグラフィー法、S-Sepharose FF(アマシャムバイオサイエンス社製)等のレジンを用いた陽イオン交換クロマトグラフィー法、ブチルセファロース、フェニルセファロース等のレジンを用いた疎水性クロマトグラフィー法、分子篩を用いたゲルろ過法、アフィニティークロマトグラフィー法、クロマトフォーカシング法、等電点電気泳動等の電気泳動法等の手法を単独あるいは組み合わせて用い、精製標品を得ることができる。
また、本発明の一態様の蛋白質を他の蛋白質との融合蛋白質として生産し、融合した蛋白質に親和性をもつ物質を用いたアフィニティークロマトグラフィーを利用して精製することもできる。例えば、ロウらの方法[Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 86, 8227 (1989)、Genes Develop., 4, 1288 (1990)]、日本国特開平5-336963号公報、国際公開第94/23021号に記載の方法に準じて、本発明の一態様の蛋白質をプロテインAとの融合蛋白質として生産し、イムノグロブリンGを用いるアフィニティークロマトグラフィーにより精製することができる。
本発明の一態様のPETを分解する方法には、本発明の一態様の蛋白質を用いる方法が挙げられる。本発明の一態様のPETを分解する方法が、本発明の一態様の蛋白質、PET、塩化マグネシウム及び炭酸ナトリウムを含む反応液中でPETを分解することを含むことが好ましいが、これに限られない。
本発明の一態様のTPA及びMHETの少なくとも一方を製造する方法には、本発明の一態様の蛋白質を用いてPETを分解することを含む方法が挙げられる。本発明の一態様のTPA及びMHETの少なくとも一方を製造する方法が、本発明の一態様の蛋白質、PET、塩化マグネシウム及び炭酸ナトリウムを含む反応液中でPETを分解することを含むことが好ましいが、これに限られない。
実施例において、TPAおよびMHETの分析、定量は以下に示す手順で行った。
酵素反応後の溶液を遠心分離し、上清を回収した。該上清に含まれるTPAおよびMHETをHPLC(株式会社島津製作所製)にて分析した。
カラム:YMC-Triart C18/S-5μm/12nm 150×4.6 mm(株式会社ワイエムシィ製)
カラム温度:25℃
移動相:0.1%ギ酸、20%アセトニトリル(v/v)
流速:0.8mL/分
検出波長:260nm
(1)野生型PET2発現プラスミドの造成
非特許文献2に記載の野生型PET2のアミノ酸配列(配列番号1)をコードする遺伝子の塩基配列からなるDNA(配列番号2)を鋳型とし、配列番号5および6で表される塩基配列からなるDNAをプライマーセットに用いてPCRを行い、PET2のDNA断片を得た。配列番号2で表されるDNAは、人工合成により調製した。上記で得られた野生型PET2のDNA断片と発現ベクターpET28a(Sigma-Aldrich社製)を、In-Fusion HD Cloning Kit(タカラバイオ株式会社製)を用いて連結することにより、野生型PETの2発現プラスミドpET28a-PET2を得た。
上記(1)で得られたプラスミドpET28a-PET2を鋳型とし、配列番号7及び8で表される塩基配列からなるDNAをプライマーセットとして用いてPCRを行うことにより、配列番号1で表されるPET2のアミノ酸配列のうち103番目のL-ロイシン残基をL-リジン残基に置換した、本実施形態に係る変異型PET2の発現プラスミドpET28a-L103Kを作製した。
次に、上記で得られたpET28a-L103Kを鋳型とし、配列番号9及び10で表される塩基配列からなるDNAをプライマーセットとして用いてPCRを行うことにより、PET2のアミノ酸配列のうち103番目のL-ロイシン残基をL-リジン残基に、76番目のL-グリシン残基をL-システイン残基に置換した、本実施形態に係る変異型PET2の発現プラスミドpET28a-L103K/G76Cを作製した。
同様に、前の操作で得られたプラスミドを鋳型とし、表1に示される各配列番号に対応する塩基配列からなるDNAをプライマーセットとして用いてPCRを行うことで、PET2のアミノ酸配列に対し変異を追加した本実施形態に係る変異型PET2の発現プラスミドを順次作製した。追加した各変異点と対応するプライマーセットの配列番号とを表1に示す。
表1に示される全ての変異を加えた本実施形態に係る変異型PET2発現プラスミド(pET28a-L103K/G76C/A144C/Q134G/A222M)を鋳型とし、配列番号5及び6で表される塩基配列からなるDNAをプライマーセットとして用い、Diversify PCR Random Mutagenesis Kit(タカラバイオ株式会社製)を用いてエラープローンPCRを行った。結果、新たに変異点L73Q(73番目のL-ロイシン残基をL-グルタミン残基に置換)が追加された本実施形態に係る変異型PET2のDNA断片を得た。
上記(1)で得られたプラスミドpET28a-PET2を鋳型とし、配列番号17及び18で表される塩基配列からなるDNAをプライマーセットとして用いてPCRを行うことにより、配列番号1で表されるPET2のアミノ酸配列のうち254番目のL-トリプトファン残基をL-フェニルアラニン残基に置換した比較変異型PET2の発現プラスミドpET28a-W254Fを作製した。
また、上記(1)で得られたプラスミドpET28a-PET2を鋳型とし、配列番号19及び20で表される塩基配列からなるDNAをプライマーセットとして用いてPCRを行うことにより、配列番号1で表されるPET2のアミノ酸配列のうち257番目のL-アスパラギン残基をL-アスパラギン酸残基に置換した比較変異型PET2の発現プラスミドpET28a-N257Dを作製した。
また、上記(1)で得られたプラスミドpET28a-PET2を鋳型とし、配列番号21及び22で表される塩基配列からなるDNAをプライマーセットとして用いてPCRを行うことにより、配列番号1で表されるPET2のアミノ酸配列のうち103番目のL-ロイシン残基をL-アスパラギン酸残基に置換した比較変異型PET2の発現プラスミドpET28a-L103Dを作製した。
(1)~(4)で造成した各プラスミドをSHuffle T7 Express Competent E.coli(New England BioLabs社製)へそれぞれ形質転換し、計12種の形質転換体(PET2株、L103K株、L103K/G76C株、L103K/A144C株、L103K/G76C/A144C株、L103K/G76C/A144C/Q134G株、L103K/G76C/A144C/Q134G/A222M株、L103K/G76C/A144C/Q134G/A222M/L73Q株、L103K/G76C/A144C/Q134G/A222M/L73Q/I203T株、W254F株、N257D株、及びL103D株)を得た。
(1)各種PET2精製酵素の取得
実施例1(5)で得た計12種の形質転換体をLBプレート上で30℃にて24時間培養し、100mg/Lのカナマイシンを含むLB培地5mLが入った大型試験管に植菌して30℃で20時間、振盪培養した。その後、得られた培養液0.6mLを、100mg/Lのカナマイシンを含むLB培地30mLが入ったフラスコに移し、37℃で振盪培養した。菌体OD600が0.4~0.6の範囲に達した後、イソプロピル-β-D-チオガラクトピラノシド(IPTG)を終濃度0.5mMになるよう添加し、更に20時間振盪培養した。培養終了後、培養液を遠心分離して上清を除去し、菌体を回収した。
得られた菌体から定法により粗タンパク質抽出液を取得し、TALON Metal Affinity Resin(タカラバイオ株式会社製)を用いて、該抽出液から各種PET2酵素液を回収した。該酵素液を、100mM 炭酸ナトリウムバッファー(pH9.2)にて希釈し、Amicon Ultra-4(メルクミリポア社製)を用いて濃縮、脱塩処理し、各種PET2精製酵素を得た。
以下の酵素反応により、各種PET2精製酵素のPET分解活性を測定し、各変異点の導入による効果を比較した。
各種PET2精製酵素5μg、100mM 炭酸ナトリウムバッファー(pH9.2)、1mMまたは10mMの塩化マグネシウム及びPETフィルム断片(ミネロン化成工業株式会社製A-PET)0.01gからなる反応液0.5mLを調製し、60℃で24時間酵素反応を行った。反応終了後、PET分解により生成したTPAおよびMHETをHPLCにて分析した。各種PET2精製酵素の変異点、反応液中の塩化マグネシウム(MgCl2)の濃度(mM)、各種PET2精製酵素の酵素反応により生成されたTPA及びMHETの濃度(mM)並びにこれらの合計値(mM)を表3に示す。
さらに、反応液中の塩化マグネシウム濃度は10mMの場合より1mMの場合の方が分解量が多く、本実施形態に係る変異型PET2によるPETの分解に適した濃度であることが示された。
(1)既報変異型PET2の発現プラスミドの造成
既報変異型PET2として、非特許文献3に記載の変異型PET2(配列番号3)(以下、PET2sという。)をコードする遺伝子の塩基配列からなるDNA(配列番号4)を鋳型とし、配列番号23および24で表される塩基配列からなるDNAをプライマーセットに用いてPCRを行い、PET2sのDNA断片を得た。配列番号4で表されるDNAは、人工合成により調製した。
上記で得られたPET2sのDNA断片と発現ベクターpET28aを、In-Fusion HD Cloning Kitを用いて連結することにより、PET2sの発現プラスミドpET28a-PET2sを得た。
(1)で造成したプラスミドをSHuffle T7 Express Competent E. coliへ形質転換し、PET2s株を得た。
(2)で得た形質転換体をLBプレート上で30℃にて24時間培養し、100mg/Lのカナマイシンを含むLB培地5mLが入った大型試験管に植菌して30℃で20時間、振盪培養した。その後、得られた培養液を、100mg/Lのカナマイシンを含むLB培地30mLが入ったフラスコに0.6mL植菌し、37℃で振盪培養した。菌体OD600が0.4~0.6の範囲に達した後、IPTGを終濃度0.5mMになるよう添加し、更に20時間振盪培養した。培養終了後、培養液を遠心分離して上清を除去し、菌体を回収した。
得られた菌体から定法により粗タンパク質抽出液を取得し、TALON(登録商標) Metal Affinity Resin(タカラバイオ株式会社製)を用いて、該抽出液からPET2s酵素液を回収した。該酵素液を、100mM 炭酸ナトリウムバッファー(pH9.2)にて希釈し、Amicon(登録商標) Ultra-(メルクミリポア社製)を用いて濃縮、脱塩処理し、PET2s精製酵素を得た。
以下の酵素反応により、PET2s精製酵素及び実施例1で得られた4種の本実施形態に係る変異型PET2精製酵素のPET分解活性を測定した。
各精製酵素5μg、100mM 炭酸ナトリウムバッファー(pH9.2)、10mMの塩化マグネシウム及びPETフィルム断片0.01gからなる反応液0.5mLを調製し、60℃で24時間酵素反応を行った。反応終了後、PET分解により生成したTPAおよびMHETをHPLCにて分析した。各種PET2精製酵素の変異点、各精製酵素の酵素反応により生成されたTPA及びMHETの濃度量(mM)並びにこれらの合計値(mM)(分解量)を表4に示す。
配列番号2:PET2の塩基配列
配列番号3:PET2sのアミノ酸配列
配列番号4:PET2sの塩基配列
配列番号5:PET2断片増幅用プライマーFwの塩基配列
配列番号6:PET2断片増幅用プライマーRvの塩基配列
配列番号7:L103K断片増幅用プライマーFwの塩基配列
配列番号8:L103K断片増幅用プライマーRvの塩基配列
配列番号9:G76C断片増幅用プライマーFwの塩基配列
配列番号10:G76C断片増幅用プライマーRvの塩基配列
配列番号11:A144C断片増幅用プライマーFwの塩基配列
配列番号12:A144C断片増幅用プライマーRvの塩基配列
配列番号13:Q134G断片増幅用プライマーFwの塩基配列
配列番号14:Q134G断片増幅用プライマーRvの塩基配列
配列番号15:A222M断片増幅用プライマーFwの塩基配列
配列番号16:A222M断片増幅用プライマーRvの塩基配列
配列番号17:W254F断片増幅用プライマーFwの塩基配列
配列番号18:W254F断片増幅用プライマーRvの塩基配列
配列番号19:N257D断片増幅用プライマーFwの塩基配列
配列番号20:N257D断片増幅用プライマーRvの塩基配列
配列番号21:L103D断片増幅用プライマーFwの塩基配列
配列番号22:L103D断片増幅用プライマーRvの塩基配列
配列番号23:PET2s断片増幅用プライマーFwの塩基配列
配列番号24:PET2s断片増幅用プライマーRvの塩基配列
Claims (12)
- 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において、以下の[1]~[7]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなる蛋白質。
[1]103番目のアミノ酸残基をリジン残基に置換する改変
[2]76番目のアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[3]144番目のアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[4]134番目のアミノ酸残基をグリシン残基に置換する改変
[5]222番目のアミノ酸残基をメチオニン残基に置換する改変
[6]73番目のアミノ酸残基をグルタミン残基に置換する改変
[7]203番目のアミノ酸残基をスレオニン残基に置換する改変 - 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列に対して1~20個のアミノ酸残基が欠失、置換、挿入及び付加の少なくとも1からなる改変を有する変異蛋白質(B)のアミノ酸配列において、以下の[1´]~[7´]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなり、前記変異蛋白質(B)に比べて高いポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)分解活性を有する蛋白質。
[1´]配列番号1の103番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をリジン残基に置換する改変
[2´]配列番号1の76番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[3´]配列番号1の144番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[4´]配列番号1の134番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグリシン残基に置換する改変
[5´]配列番号1の222番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をメチオニン残基に置換する改変
[6´]配列番号1の73番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグルタミン残基に置換する改変
[7´]配列番号1の203番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をスレオニン残基に置換する改変 - 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列と80%以上の同一性を有する相同蛋白質(C)のアミノ酸配列において、以下の[1´´]~[7´´]からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1の改変が導入されたアミノ酸配列からなり、前記相同蛋白質(C)に比べて高いポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)分解活性を有する蛋白質。
[1´´]配列番号1の103番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をリジン残基に置換する改変
[2´´]配列番号1の76番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[3´´]配列番号1の144番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をシステイン残基に置換する改変
[4´´]配列番号1の134番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグリシン残基に置換する改変
[5´´]配列番号1の222番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をメチオニン残基に置換する改変
[6´´]配列番号1の73番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をグルタミン残基に置換する改変
[7´´]配列番号1の203番目のアミノ酸残基に対応するアミノ酸残基をスレオニン残基に置換する改変 - 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の蛋白質をコードするDNA。
- 請求項4に記載のDNAを含有する組換え体DNA。
- 請求項5に記載の組換え体DNAで宿主細胞を形質転換して得られる形質転換体。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の蛋白質を用いて、PETを分解する方法。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の蛋白質、PET、塩化マグネシウム及び炭酸ナトリウムを含む反応液中でPETを分解することを含む、請求項7に記載のPETを分解する方法。
- 前記反応液中の塩化マグネシウムの濃度が0.1mM~5mMである、請求項8に記載のPETを分解する方法。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の蛋白質を用いてPETを分解することを含む、テレフタル酸(TPA)及びモノヒドロキシエチルテレフタレート(MHET)の少なくとも一方を製造する方法。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の蛋白質、PET、塩化マグネシウム及び炭酸ナトリウムを含む反応液中でPETを分解することを含む、請求項10に記載のTPA及びMHETの少なくとも一方を製造する方法。
- 前記反応液中の塩化マグネシウムの濃度が0.1mM~5mMである、請求項11に記載のTPA及びMHETの少なくとも一方を製造する方法。
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| EP23900748.7A EP4632070A1 (en) | 2022-12-09 | 2023-12-08 | Protein having polyethylene terephthalate decomposing activity and method for decomposing polyethylene terephthalate |
| CN202380084078.3A CN120283054A (zh) | 2022-12-09 | 2023-12-08 | 具有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯分解活性的蛋白质和分解聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的方法 |
| JP2024563005A JPWO2024122636A1 (ja) | 2022-12-09 | 2023-12-08 |
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| WO2025015288A1 (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2025-01-16 | Triad National Security, Llc | Methods to improve enzymes that degrade polyethylene terephthalate |
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- 2023-12-08 WO PCT/JP2023/044010 patent/WO2024122636A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-12-08 EP EP23900748.7A patent/EP4632070A1/en active Pending
- 2023-12-08 CN CN202380084078.3A patent/CN120283054A/zh active Pending
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025015288A1 (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2025-01-16 | Triad National Security, Llc | Methods to improve enzymes that degrade polyethylene terephthalate |
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| EP4632070A1 (en) | 2025-10-15 |
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