WO2024122020A1 - 像伝送ユニット、光学機器および像伝送ユニットの製造方法 - Google Patents
像伝送ユニット、光学機器および像伝送ユニットの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024122020A1 WO2024122020A1 PCT/JP2022/045250 JP2022045250W WO2024122020A1 WO 2024122020 A1 WO2024122020 A1 WO 2024122020A1 JP 2022045250 W JP2022045250 W JP 2022045250W WO 2024122020 A1 WO2024122020 A1 WO 2024122020A1
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- image transmission
- image
- objective lens
- transmission unit
- lens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/555—Constructional details for picking-up images in sites, inaccessible due to their dimensions or hazardous conditions, e.g. endoscopes or borescopes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/56—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof provided with illuminating means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0087—Simple or compound lenses with index gradient
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image transmission unit, an optical device, and a method for manufacturing an image transmission unit.
- optical units have been known that include multiple azalit lenses and a cylindrical holding member that holds the multiple azalit lenses (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a zalit lens is a lens with a three-dimensional shape formed by cutting a sphere along a single plane. The use of azalit lenses makes it easy to reduce the diameter of the optical unit, and optical units that are suitable as the objective optical system of a small-diameter endoscope can be easily manufactured.
- the image of the object formed by the optical unit is transmitted by an image transmitting body such as a fiber bundle or a relay optical system.
- an image transmitting body such as a fiber bundle or a relay optical system.
- the image height is large and that the effective radius of the image transmitting body is correspondingly large.
- the image height is small relative to the diameter of the aspheric lens due to the presence of the second aspheric lens, making it difficult to increase the image height.
- the optical unit and the image transmission body are inserted into a cylindrical member, which means that the holding member and the cylindrical member are arranged in a double configuration, increasing the overall outer diameter.
- the present invention was made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide an image transmission unit, optical device, and method of manufacturing an image transmission unit that can achieve high resolution despite its small diameter.
- One aspect of the present invention is an image transmission unit comprising a single objective lens consisting of a single lens formed into a spherical depression having a plane and a convex spherical surface, an image transmitter arranged on the side of the convex spherical surface of the objective lens, and a single holding member that holds both the objective lens and the image transmitter, wherein the objective lens and the image transmitter satisfy the following formula (1), and light passing through the plane includes light passing through the outermost circumference of the image transmitter.
- r/n ⁇ d ⁇ r (1) where r is the radius of the objective lens, n is the refractive index of the objective lens, and d is the radius of the image carrier.
- an optical instrument comprising an image transmission unit including a single objective lens consisting of a single lens formed into a spherical depression having a plane and a convex spherical surface, an image transmission body arranged on the side of the convex spherical surface of the objective lens, and a single holding member that holds both the objective lens and the image transmission body, and an optical element arranged on the opposite side of the image transmission body from the objective lens, wherein the objective lens and the image transmission body satisfy the following formula (1), and light passing through the plane includes light passing through the outermost circumference of the image transmission body.
- r/n ⁇ d ⁇ r (1) where r is the radius of the objective lens, n is the refractive index of the objective lens, and d is the radius of the image carrier.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an image transmission unit, which includes inserting a single ball lens into a cylindrical holding member, inserting an image transmission body into the holding member, forming a flat surface on the ball lens by polishing the end of the holding member and the ball lens, and positioning the ball lens with the flat surface formed and the image transmission body relative to each other in a position where light passing through the flat surface includes light passing through the outermost periphery of the image transmission body.
- the present invention has the advantage of being able to achieve high resolution despite its small diameter.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a configuration of an image transmission unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a front view showing the tip surface of the image transmission unit of FIG. 1A.
- 1B is a diagram illustrating the image height of an objective lens in the image transmission unit of FIG. 1A.
- 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating the image height of a conventional objective lens having two aspheric lenses.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating formula (2).
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an example of an image transmission unit including a spacer.
- FIG. 13 is a vertical cross-sectional view of another example of an image transmission unit including a spacer.
- 4A to 4C are diagrams illustrating step S1 of the manufacturing method of the image transmission unit.
- FIG. 11A to 11C are diagrams illustrating step S2 of the manufacturing method of the image transmission unit.
- 11A to 11C are diagrams illustrating step S3 of the manufacturing method of the image transmission unit.
- 11A to 11C are diagrams illustrating step S4 of the manufacturing method of the image transmission unit.
- 13A to 13C are diagrams illustrating step S5 of the manufacturing method of the image transmission unit.
- 13A to 13C are diagrams illustrating step S5 of the manufacturing method of the image transmission unit.
- FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view showing a configuration of an image transmission unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of an optical device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of another example of the optical device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7C is a front view showing a distal end surface of the optical device of FIGS. 7A and 7B.
- FIG. 7C is a diagram illustrating an example of a system including the optical device of FIGS. 7A and 7B.
- 11A to 11C are diagrams illustrating step S6 of the manufacturing method of the optical device.
- 11A to 11C are diagrams illustrating step S21 of the manufacturing method of the optical device.
- 11 is a diagram illustrating step S31 of the manufacturing method of the optical device.
- FIG. 11A to 11C are diagrams illustrating steps S4 and S5 of the manufacturing method of the optical device.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view showing the configuration of a conventional image transmission unit.
- the image transmission unit 1 of this embodiment comprises a single objective lens 2, an image transmission body 3, and a single cylindrical holding member 4 that holds both the objective lens 2 and the image transmission body 3.
- the image transmission unit 1 is long, and the objective lens 2 and the image transmission body 3 are disposed on the distal end side and the proximal end side of the image transmission unit 1, respectively.
- the objective lens 2 is composed of a single lens formed in a sphericity having a plane 2a and a convex spherical surface 2b, and does not include any other lenses.
- a sphericity is a three-dimensional shape formed by cutting a sphere with a single plane. Therefore, the surface of the objective lens 2 is composed of a circular plane 2a and a convex spherical surface 2b.
- the plane 2a is located on the tip side and is placed facing the object when the image transmission unit 1 is in use.
- the objective lens 2 is larger than a hemisphere, and the center of curvature of the convex spherical surface 2b is located inside the objective lens 2.
- the objective lens 2 has an optical axis A that passes through the center of the plane 2a and is perpendicular to the plane 2a (see FIG. 2A).
- the objective lens 2 is formed from a glass material commonly used for optical lenses, such as sapphire or BK7.
- the objective lens 2 may be a perfect sagittal or may have a shape close to a sagittal. That is, the plane 2a may be a perfect plane, and the convex spherical surface 2b may be a perfect sphere. Alternatively, the plane 2a and the convex spherical surface 2b may have an error from a perfect plane and a perfect sphere, respectively, so long as they satisfy the optical performance required for the image transmission unit 1.
- the error includes, for example, wear, defects, deformation, etc. that may occur during the manufacturing process of the image transmission unit 1.
- the image transmitter 3 is an optical member that is disposed on the side (base end side) of the convex spherical surface 2b of the objective lens 2 and extends in the longitudinal direction of the holding member 4.
- One example of an image transmitter 3 is a fiber bundle having multiple optical fibers.
- Another example of an image transmitter 3 is a relay optical system consisting of one or more lenses.
- the retaining member 4 is a cylindrical member that is open on both end faces, and preferably has a constant inner diameter ⁇ along its entire length.
- the retaining member 4 is preferably a round pipe that has a circular cross section along its entire length.
- the retaining member 4 is formed from a hard material such as a metal or synthetic resin, and is preferably formed from a metal such as stainless steel or an aluminum alloy.
- the holding member 4 houses the objective lens 2 and image transmitter 3 therein, and the objective lens 2 and image transmitter 3 are disposed at the tip and base ends of the holding member 4, respectively.
- the plane 2a is disposed on the same plane as the annular tip surface 4a of the holding member 4, and the optical axis A coincides with the central axis of the holding member 4.
- the image transmitter 3 is made of a single optical member (for example, when the image transmitter 3 is a fiber bundle), only the tip portion of the image transmitter 3 may be held within the holding member 4.
- the convex spherical surface 2b contacts the inner surface 4b of the holding member 4, and the objective lens 2 is fixed to the holding member 4 by friction between the convex spherical surface 2b and the holding member 4.
- the inner diameter ⁇ of the holding member 4 is equal to or smaller than the diameter 2 ⁇ r of the objective lens 2, and is preferably slightly smaller than 2 ⁇ r.
- r is the radius of the objective lens 2 (i.e., the radius of curvature of the convex spherical surface 2b). This allows the objective lens 2 to be fixed to the holding member 4 by friction simply by pressing the objective lens 2 into the holding member 4. In order to prevent damage to the objective lens 2 during pressing, it is preferable to satisfy 0.8 ⁇ 2r ⁇ 2r.
- the holding member 4 may have a shape other than a cylinder as long as it can hold the objective lens 2 by friction, and may be, for example, a square pipe having a polygonal cross section.
- the image transmitting body 3 has a tip surface 3a facing the convex spherical surface 2b.
- the tip surface 3a is disposed on or near the focal plane P of the objective lens 2 and is spaced a predetermined distance WD from the convex spherical surface 2b in the direction along the optical axis A.
- the light emitted from the convex spherical surface 2b toward the image transmitter 3 includes expanded light that expands in the radial direction.
- the expanded light reaches the outermost periphery of the tip surface 3a or its vicinity, and the light passing through the flat surface 2a includes light that passes through the outermost periphery of the image transmitter 3.
- the objective lens 2 and the image transmitting body 3 satisfy the following formula (1).
- r is the radius of the objective lens 2 (the radius of curvature of the convex spherical surface 2b)
- n is the refractive index of the objective lens 2
- d is the radius of the image transmitter 3 (specifically, the effective radius of the tip surface 3a).
- the outer diameter of the image transmitter 3 is equal to or approximately equal to the outer diameter of the objective lens 2.
- the radius d of the image transmitter 3 is large.
- the image transmitter 3 is a fiber bundle
- the larger the radius d the greater the number of optical fibers that make up the fiber bundle, and the higher the resolution of the transmitted optical image.
- FIG. 2A illustrates the image height of the objective lens 2 of this embodiment, which is composed of a single sagittal lens
- FIG. 2B illustrates the image height of a conventional objective lens 102, which is composed of two sagittal lenses 2A and 2B.
- the maximum image height hmax of the conventional objective lens 102 is r1/n1, which is smaller than the radius r1 of the sagittal lens 2B on the base end side.
- n1 is the refractive index of the sagittal lens 2B.
- the peripheral region of the tip surface 3a where the light from the objective lens 102 is not incident does not contribute to image transmission, and the image resolution decreases.
- the image height is larger than r/n, and the maximum image height hmax can be increased to a size equal to the radius r. Therefore, by using an image transmitter 3 with a radius d larger than r/n, it is possible to transmit an image with high resolution without wasting the peripheral area of the tip surface 3a.
- the image transmission unit 1 may further include a light blocking member 5 for blocking light between the tip surface 4a of the holding member 4 and the flat surface 2a.
- the light-shielding member 5 is formed from a black adhesive that is filled and hardened in the annular space between the inner surface of the tip of the holding member 4 and the convex spherical surface 2b.
- the adhesive is, for example, a resin adhesive such as an epoxy resin or an ultraviolet-curing resin.
- the annular light-shielding member 5 that completely surrounds the flat surface 2a forms an aperture 6 on the tip surface 1a of the image transmission unit 1.
- the aperture 6 limits the light that enters the image transmission body 3 from the object, and the total reflection at the convex spherical surface 2b makes it possible to eliminate light rays that could become stray light.
- the objective lens 2 satisfies the following formula (2):
- R is the radius of the plane 2a.
- R ⁇ r/n (2) 3 in the absence of the diaphragm 6, the on-axis marginal ray incident on the objective lens 2 from infinity through the flat surface 2a is determined by the total reflection condition of the convex spherical surface 2b. Therefore, in order for the flat surface 2a to function as the diaphragm 6, it is necessary to satisfy n ⁇ sin ⁇ sin90°, that is, to satisfy R ⁇ r/n.
- the image transmission unit 1 may further include a spacer 7 disposed between the objective lens 2 and the image transmission body 3.
- the spacer 7 is an optical member that transmits light, and preferably has a diameter equal to or approximately equal to the diameter of the objective lens 2.
- the convex spherical surface 2b and the tip surface 3a are in contact with the tip surface and the base surface of the spacer 7, respectively. Therefore, the thickness of the spacer 7 is designed based on the distance WD and the refractive index of the spacer 7.
- An example of the spacer 7 is a parallel plate having planes perpendicular to the optical axis A on the objective lens 2 side (tip side) and the image transmitter 3 side (base side) (see FIG. 4A).
- Another example of the spacer 7 is a lens having a curved surface on at least one of the objective lens 2 side and the image transmission body 3 side, for example, a plano-convex lens having a convex surface on the objective lens 2 side (see FIG. 4B).
- the lens 7 has a positive refractive power for light incident on the lens 7 from the objective lens 2 and passing through the lens 7, and focuses the light from the objective lens 2 on the tip surface 3a. This can improve the angle of view.
- the image transmission unit 1 is used as an objective optical system in various devices, for example, as an imaging optical system for imaging an object or an illumination optical system for illuminating an object.
- an imaging optical system When the image transmission unit 1 is used as an imaging optical system, light from an object enters the objective lens 2 through the flat surface 2a and exits from the convex spherical surface 2b to form an image on a focal plane P.
- the image is transmitted by an image transmitter 3, the distal end surface 3a of which is located at or near the focal plane P.
- the transmitted image is captured by an image sensor 13 (see FIG. 7A ) located on the proximal end side of the image transmitter 3.
- the objective lens 2 is composed of only one sagittal lens, and the tip surface 3a of the image transmission body 3 is disposed at or near the focal plane P of the objective lens 2. Therefore, the light emitted from the convex spherical surface 2b is incident on the tip surface 3a without the image height being reduced. Furthermore, the image transmission body 3 has a radius d larger than r/n, and light is also incident on the outermost periphery of the tip surface 3a.
- the outer diameter of the image transmitting body 3 is equal or approximately equal to the inner diameter of the holding member 4, all or approximately all of the inner diameter ⁇ of the holding member 4 can contribute to the resolution, thereby effectively improving the resolution.
- the image transmission unit 101 includes two spheric lenses 2A and 2B, a first holding member 4A that holds the two spheric lenses 2A and 2B, an image transmission body 103, and a second holding member 4B that holds the first holding member 4A and the image transmission body 103.
- the second holding member 4B is disposed outside the first holding member 4A.
- the presence of the spheric lens 2B on the base end side makes the image height h smaller relative to the diameter of the spheric lens 2A.
- illumination light is supplied from the light source device through the base end surface 3b to the image transmission body 3.
- the illumination light transmitted by the image transmission body 3 is emitted from the tip end surface 3a, passes through the convex spherical surface 2b, enters the objective lens 2, and is irradiated from the flat surface 2a towards the object.
- the illumination light emitted from the tip surface 3a is irradiated toward the object through the objective lens 2 with high efficiency. Therefore, the inner diameter dimension ⁇ of the holding member 4, which is determined by the diameter of the objective lens 2, can be effectively utilized to achieve bright illumination.
- both the objective lens 2 and the image transmission body 3 are held within one holding member 4. This allows the image transmission unit 1 to have a small diameter. If the image transmission unit 1 has two holding members 4A, 4B, as in the conventional image transmission unit 101, the outer diameter of the image transmission unit 1 increases by the thickness of the side wall of the second holding member 4B, and a region ⁇ that does not contribute to resolution is created between the outer surface of the image transmission body 3 and the inner surface of the second holding member 4B.
- an aperture 6 made of a light-shielding member 5 can be formed between the tip surface 4a on the tip surface 1a of the image transmission unit 1 and the flat surface 2a, and the objective lens 2 can be firmly fixed to the holding member 4 by frictional force.
- the manufacturing method of the image transmission unit 1 includes step S1 of inserting a single spherical lens 2' into a holding member 4, step S2 of applying adhesive 5' onto the tip surface of the spherical lens 2', step S3 of forming a flat surface 2a on the spherical lens 2' to prepare an objective lens 2, step S4 of inserting an image transmission body 3 into the holding member 4, and step S5 of positioning the objective lens 2 and the image transmission body 3 relative to each other.
- step S1 the ball lens 2' is press-fitted into the tip of the holding member 4 to form an assembly consisting of the ball lens 2' and the holding member 4 (see FIG. 5A).
- the ball lens 2' is fixed to the holding member 4 by friction between the outer surface of the ball lens 2' and the inner surface of the holding member 4.
- step S2 a black adhesive 5' is placed on the tip surface of the assembly, and the adhesive 5' is filled into the gap between the tip surface of the ball lens 2' and the inner surface of the tip of the holding member 4 (see FIG. 5B).
- the adhesive 5' is then cured.
- step S2 may be omitted.
- step S3 a tool is used to polish the tip of the assembly (see FIG. 5C).
- the polishing direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the holding member 4.
- the tip of the holding member 4 and part of the spherical lens 2' are removed by polishing, and a flat surface 2a is formed.
- black adhesive 5' is filled in in step S2
- the adhesive 5' is also polished together with the spherical lens 2' and holding member 4, and an aperture 6 made of a light-blocking member 5 is also formed at the same time as the flat surface 2a.
- multiple assemblies arranged parallel to each other may be polished simultaneously.
- step S4 the image transmitter 3 is inserted into the base end of the holding member 4 (see FIG. 5D). If necessary, an adhesive for fixing the image transmitter 3 to the holding member 4 may be applied to at least one of the outer peripheral surface of the image transmitter 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the holding member 4.
- step S5 the distance WD is adjusted and the tip surface 3a of the image transmitter 3 is positioned at or near the focal plane P.
- An optical indicator is used to adjust the distance WD.
- an object O is placed in front of the objective lens 2, and an image of the object O is formed behind the image transmitter 3.
- the image transmitter 3 is positioned at a position where the image is in focus.
- illumination light is supplied to the image transmitter 3, and the illumination light is projected onto a screen S in front of the objective lens 2.
- the image transmitter 3 is positioned at a position where the image of the illumination light on the screen S is the sharpest.
- the spacer 7 When manufacturing an image transmission unit 1 including a spacer 7, the spacer 7 is inserted into the holding member 4 between steps S3 and S4.
- the image transmission body 3 is inserted into the holding member 4 until the convex spherical surface 2b and the tip surface 3a abut against both sides of the spacer 7, thereby positioning the tip surface 3a at an appropriate position. Therefore, there is no need to adjust the distance WD as shown in Figures 5E and 5F.
- the center of curvature of the convex spherical surface 2b is positioned on the central axis of the holding member 4 simply by pressing the ball lens 2' into the holding member 4.
- high positional accuracy of the objective lens 2 relative to the holding member 4 can be achieved, without the need to adjust the position of the ball lens 2' relative to the holding member 4.
- the ball lens 2' is fixed to the holding member 4 simply by pressing the ball lens 2' into the holding member 4, and further, as described above, there is no need to adjust the position of the ball lens 2' relative to the holding member 4. Furthermore, because both the ball lens 2' and the image transmission body 3 are inserted into one holding member 4, the number of parts to be assembled and the number of assembly steps are small. Therefore, the image transmission unit 1 can be easily assembled.
- the image transmitting body 3 is a fiber bundle or a relay optical system, but instead, it may be an image pickup element.
- the imaging surface (tip surface) of the imaging element is placed at or near the focal plane P of the objective lens 2.
- the optical image of the object formed on the imaging surface is converted into an electronic signal by the imaging element and transmitted in the form of the electronic signal through a signal cable.
- the radius d of the imaging element is, for example, the radius of the circumscribing circle of the rectangular imaging surface.
- the light blocking member 5 is made of a black adhesive, but instead of this, it may be made of other materials.
- a transparent adhesive may be used instead of the black adhesive 5', and after step S3, a light-shielding member 5 made of a light-shielding film may be formed on the tip surface 1a.
- the image transmission unit 10 uses a relay optical system made up of a GRIN (gradient index) lens 8 as an image transmitter.
- GRIN gradient index
- configurations different from the first embodiment will be described, and configurations common to the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- the image transmission unit 10 comprises a single objective lens 2, a GRIN lens (image transmission body, relay optical system) 8, and a single holding member 4 that holds both the objective lens 2 and the GRIN lens 8.
- the GRIN lens 8 is disposed along the optical axis A on the convex spherical surface 2b side (base end side) of the objective lens 2.
- the GRIN lens 8 has a tip surface 8a that faces the convex spherical surface 2b.
- the tip surface 8a may be in contact with the convex spherical surface 2b or may be separated from the convex spherical surface 2b.
- the tip surface 8a may be a flat surface.
- the tip surface 8a may be a spherical surface convex toward the convex spherical surface 2b.
- the tip surface 8a is disposed between the focal plane P and the convex spherical surface 2b, and the focal plane P is located inside the GRIN lens 8.
- the tip surface 8a is a convex surface that functions as a lens, so that the angle of view of the image transmission unit 10 can be widened.
- the convex surface 8a is formed, for example, on the flat tip surface of the GRIN lens with an optical adhesive.
- the light emitted from the convex spherical surface 2b toward the GRIN lens 8 includes expanded light expanding in the radial direction.
- the expanded light reaches the outermost periphery within the GRIN lens 8, and the light passing through the flat surface 2a includes light passing through the outermost periphery of the GRIN lens 8.
- the objective lens 2 and the GRIN lens 8 satisfy the following formula (1). r/n ⁇ d ⁇ r (1)
- d is the effective radius of the GRIN lens 8.
- the outer diameter of the GRIN lens is equal to or approximately equal to the outer diameter of the objective lens 2. In this manner, by having the radius d within the range of formula (1), the image formed by the objective lens 2 can be transmitted with high resolution.
- the image transmission unit 10 may further include a light blocking member 5 .
- the image transmission unit 10 may not include a light blocking member 5 (i.e., the diaphragm 6).
- Light that can propagate through the GRIN lens 8 is limited by vignetting at the side surface of the GRIN lens 8. Therefore, even if the diaphragm 6 does not exist, the brightness of the image transmission unit 10 can be determined by the GRIN lens 8.
- the radius R of the plane 2a may be larger than r/n and may satisfy the formula (2) as in the first embodiment.
- the image transmission unit 10 of this embodiment is used as an objective optical system, for example, an imaging optical system or an illumination optical system, like the image transmission unit 1 of the first embodiment.
- the objective lens 2 is composed of only one sagittal lens, and light emitted from the convex spherical surface 2b is incident on the tip surface 8a without image height being reduced.
- the GRIN lens 8 has a radius d larger than r/n, and light is also incident on the outermost periphery of the GRIN lens 8.
- the inner diameter dimension ⁇ of the holding member 4, which is determined by the diameter of the objective lens 2 can be effectively utilized to transmit an image with high resolution.
- the GRIN lens 8 have a radius d larger than r/n, bright illumination can be achieved when used as an illumination optical system.
- both the objective lens 2 and the GRIN lens 8 are held within a single holding member 4. This allows the image transmission unit 10 to have a small diameter. Furthermore, since the objective lens 2 is larger than a hemisphere, the objective lens 2 can be firmly fixed to the holding member 4 by frictional force.
- An embodiment of the image transmission unit 10 is shown below.
- the manufacturing method of the image transmission unit 10 includes step S1, step S2, step S31 of inserting the GRIN lens 8 into the holding member 4, and step S41 of positioning the objective lens 2 and the GRIN lens 8 relative to each other.
- step S41 the GRIN lens 8 is positioned at a position where the tip surface 8a is disposed on the convex spherical surface 2b side of the focal plane P.
- the GRIN lens 8 is positioned at a position where the tip surface 8a abuts against the convex spherical surface 2b or is disposed in the vicinity of the convex spherical surface 2b. Therefore, unlike step S4 in the first embodiment, fine position adjustment of the GRIN lens 8 is not necessarily required.
- the manufacturing method according to this embodiment does not require position adjustment of the ball lens 2' relative to the holding member 4, but can achieve high positional accuracy of the objective lens 2 relative to the holding member 4. Also, like the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment, the image transmission unit 10 can be easily assembled.
- an optical device 20 according to this embodiment is an endoscope, and includes an image transmission unit 11, an illumination optical system 12, an image pickup element (optical element) 13, and a cylindrical member 14.
- Fig. 7A shows a rigid endoscope
- Fig. 7B shows a flexible endoscope.
- the image transmission unit 11 is used as an imaging optical system of the endoscope 20.
- the image transmission unit 11 is the image transmission unit 1 of the first embodiment or the image transmission unit 10 of the second embodiment.
- the image transmission unit 11 in the referenced drawings is an image transmission unit 1 equipped with an image transmission body 3 such as a fiber bundle or a relay optical system, but may alternatively be an image transmission unit 10 equipped with a GRIN lens 8.
- the objective lens 2 is disposed at the tip of the long insertion portion 21 of the endoscope 20 and forms an image of an object.
- the image transmission body 3 extends along the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion 21 and transmits the image of the object to the imaging element 13.
- the illumination optical system 12 has one or more, preferably a plurality of optical fibers 12a. As shown in Fig. 8, the plurality of optical fibers 12a are disposed between the holding member 4 and the cylindrical member 14 along the longitudinal direction of the members 4, 14, and are arranged in the circumferential direction around the image transmission unit 11.
- the cylindrical member 14 is a long tubular member, and houses the image transmission unit 11 and the illumination optical system 12 therein.
- the tip of each optical fiber 12a is disposed on the tip surface of the insertion portion 21 (the tip surface of the tubular member 14), and the base end of each optical fiber 12a is optically connected to a light source device.
- Each optical fiber 12a guides illumination light supplied from the light source device to the base end, and irradiates the illumination light from the tip toward an object.
- the imaging element 13 is disposed on the base end side of the image transmission body 3, captures the image transmitted by the image transmission body 3, generates an image signal, and outputs the image signal.
- An imaging lens 15 may be disposed between the base end surface 3b of the image transmission body 3 and the imaging element 13. The imaging lens 15 forms an image of the object transmitted by the image transmission body 3 on the imaging surface 13a of the imaging element 13.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of an endoscope system 100 including an endoscope 20 .
- the endoscope system 100 includes an endoscope 20, a housing unit 30, and a display unit 40.
- the endoscope 20 has a long insertion section 21 and an imaging section 22 connected to the proximal end of the insertion section 21.
- the image transmission unit 11 and the illumination optical system 12 are disposed in the insertion section 21, and the imaging element 13 and the imaging lens 15 are disposed in the imaging section 22.
- the imaging section 22 is detachably connected to the base end of the insertion section 21 by a connection section 23, thereby making the insertion section 21 replaceable.
- the imaging section 22 may be integrated with the housing section 30. That is, the housing section 30 may be connected to the base end of the insertion section 21, and the imaging element 13 and the imaging lens 15 may be disposed within the housing section 30.
- the housing 30 includes an illumination section (light source device) 31 and an image processing section 32 .
- the illumination section 31 has a light source 31a, and the proximal ends of the optical fibers 12a drawn from the proximal end of the insertion section 21 are optically connected to the light source 31a.
- the illumination section 31 may further have a focusing lens 31b disposed between the light source 31a and the proximal ends of the optical fibers 12a.
- the focusing lens 31b focuses the light emitted from the light source 31a onto the proximal ends of the optical fibers 12a.
- the image processing unit 32 includes, for example, a processor and a memory.
- the image processing unit 32 generates an image of the object from the image signal output from the imaging element 13, and outputs the image to the display unit 40.
- the display unit 40 is an arbitrary display device such as a liquid crystal display, and displays the image input from the image processing unit 32 .
- the endoscope 20 can be constructed by combining the image transmission unit 11 with the illumination optical system 12.
- the image transmission body 3 or 8 either a rigid or flexible endoscope 20 can be manufactured.
- the image transmission unit 11 as an imaging optical system, it is possible to easily realize an endoscope 20 having a thin insertion portion 21 and high image resolution. Therefore, the endoscope 20 and the endoscope system 100 are suitable for use in a long and thin lumen such as the ureter.
- the image transmission body 3 may be an image sensor 13.
- the image sensor 13 is disposed at the tip of the insertion portion 21 together with the objective lens 2.
- the image signal output from the image sensor 13 is transmitted to the image processing unit 32 by a signal cable passing through the insertion portion 21.
- the manufacturing method of the optical device 20 includes step S1 of inserting a single ball lens 2' into the holding member 4, step S6 of inserting the assembly and the optical fiber 12a into the cylindrical member 14, step S21 of applying adhesive 5' onto the tip surface of the ball lens 2', step S31 of forming a flat surface 2a on the ball lens 2' to prepare the objective lens 2, step S4 of inserting the image transmitting body 3 into the holding member 4, and step S5 of positioning the objective lens 2 and the image transmitting body 3 relative to each other. Steps S1, S4, and S5 are as described in the first embodiment.
- step S6 a first assembly consisting of the ball lens 2' and the holding member 4 is inserted into the tubular member 14, and then one or more optical fibers 12a are inserted into the cylindrical space between the holding member 4 and the tubular member 14 (see FIG. 10A).
- step S21 black adhesive 5' is placed on the tip surface of the second assembly, and the adhesive 5' is filled in the space between the tip surface of the ball lens 2' and the inner surface of the tip of the holding member 4, and in the space between the optical fiber 12a and the members 4 and 14 (see FIG. 10B).
- the adhesive 5' is then cured.
- step S31 a tool is used to polish the tip of the second assembly (see FIG. 10C).
- the direction of polishing is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the holding member 4.
- steps S4 and S5 are performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 10D). If necessary, a spacer 7 may be inserted into the holding member 4 between steps S31 and S4.
- step S21 the holding member 4, the tubular member 14, and the optical fiber 12a are fixed at once by applying and curing the adhesive 5' to form the light-blocking member 5. Furthermore, in step S31, the ball lens 2', the holding member 4, the tubular member 14, and the optical fiber 12a are all polished at once. This reduces the number of steps, making it easier to manufacture the optical device 20.
- an optical device 50 according to this embodiment is an optical scanning type illumination device, and includes an image transmission unit 11 and a light source device (optical element) 16 .
- the image transmission unit 11 is the image transmission unit 1 of the first embodiment or the image transmission unit 10 of the second embodiment, and is used as an illumination optical system.
- the image transmission unit 11 in the referenced drawings is an image transmission unit 1 equipped with an image transmission body 3 such as a fiber bundle or a relay optical system, but may alternatively be an image transmission unit 10 equipped with a GRIN lens 8.
- the light source device 16 is an optical scanner disposed on the base end side of the image transmission body 3, and has a light source 16a and a scanning mechanism 16b that scans the light (e.g., laser light) output from the light source 16a.
- the scanning mechanism 16b is, for example, a scanning mirror such as a galvanometer mirror.
- the scanning mechanism 16b scans the light incident on the base end face 3b in a direction along the base end face 3b (see double arrow), and can preferably scan the light over the entire surface of the base end face 3b.
- the optical scanner 16 may further include a first lens 16c disposed between the light source 16a and the scanning mechanism 16b, and a second lens 16d disposed between the scanning mechanism 16b and the base end surface 3b.
- the lenses 16c and 16d are biconvex lenses that constitute a collimating optical system, with the first lens 16c converting the light output from the light source 16a into a parallel beam, and the second lens 16d converting the parallel light scanned by the scanning mechanism 16b into a focused light.
- the light scanned by the scanning mechanism 16b passes through the base end surface 3b and enters the image transmitter 3, is transmitted by the image transmitter 3, exits from the tip end surface 3a, passes through the convex spherical surface 2b and enters the objective lens 2, and is irradiated toward the object from the flat surface 2a.
- the scanning mechanism 16b may be an optical fiber scanner that scans light by vibrating the tip of an optical fiber.
- the optical fiber scanner has an optical fiber and a piezoelectric or electromagnetic scanner that vibrates the tip of the optical fiber.
- the base end of the optical fiber is optically connected to the light source 16a, and light is incident on the base end face 3b while being scanned from the tip of the vibrating optical fiber.
- the first lens 16c is a focusing lens that focuses the light output from the light source 16a on the base end face of the optical fiber
- the second lens 16d is a magnifying lens that expands the scanning range of the light so that the light is scanned over the entire surface of the base end face 3b.
- the image transmission unit 11 by combining the image transmission unit 11 with the light source device 16, it is possible to manufacture an illumination device 50 that irradiates or projects light onto an object.
- the illumination device 50 is capable of efficiently transmitting light from the light source device to the object despite its small diameter, and is therefore particularly useful in situations such as robotic medical treatment, where the illumination device 50 is inserted into the treatment tool channel of an endoscope to project light onto tissue inside a living body.
- the illumination device 50 is a scanning type illumination device, but it may be a non-scanning type illumination device.
- the light source device 16 does not need to be equipped with an optical scanner 16.
- the light output from the light source 16a is simultaneously incident on all or almost all of the base end surface 3b, and is simultaneously irradiated onto the entire illumination range of the object.
- Image transmission unit 2 Objective lens 3 Image transmission body 3a End surface 4 Holding member 4a End surface 5
- Light blocking member 7 Spacer 8 GRIN lens (image transmission body, relay optical system) 12
- Illumination optical system 13 Image pickup element (optical element) 13a: imaging surface 14: cylindrical member 15: imaging lens 16: optical scanner (optical element, light source device) 20
- Endoscope system optical scanner
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Abstract
Description
さらに、特許文献1において、光学ユニットおよび像伝送体は、筒部材内に挿入される。すなわち、保持部材および筒部材が2重に配置されることによって全体の外径が大きくなる。
r/n<d≦r ・・・(1)
ここで、rは、前記対物レンズの半径、nは、前記対物レンズの屈折率、dは、前記像伝送体の半径である。
r/n<d≦r ・・・(1)
ここで、rは、前記対物レンズの半径、nは、前記対物レンズの屈折率、dは、前記像伝送体の半径である。
本発明の第1実施形態に係るに像伝送ユニットについて図面を参照して説明する。
図1Aおよび図1Bに示されるように、本実施形態に係る像伝送ユニット1は、単一の対物レンズ2と、像伝送体3と、対物レンズ2および像伝送体3の両方を保持する単一の筒状の保持部材4とを備える。
像伝送ユニット1は、長尺であり、対物レンズ2および像伝送体3は、像伝送ユニット1の先端側および基端側にそれぞれ配置される。
保持部材4は、摩擦によって対物レンズ2を保持することができる限りにおいて円筒以外の形状であってもよく、例えば、多角形の横断面を有する角パイプであってもよい。
凸球面2bから像伝送体3に向かって出射される光は、径方向に拡がる拡大光を含む。先端面3aが凸球面2bから所定の距離WDだけ離れていることによって、拡大光は、先端面3aの最外周またはその付近に到達し、平面2aを通過する光は、像伝送体3の最外周を通過する光を含む。
r/n<d≦r ・・・(1)
ここで、rは、対物レンズ2の半径(凸球面2bの曲率半径)、nは、対物レンズ2の屈折率、dは、像伝送体3の半径(具体的には、先端面3aの有効半径)である。好ましくは、像伝送体3の外径は、対物レンズ2の外径と等しいかまたは略等しい。
物体側テレセントリックな光線を主光線として考えると、従来の対物レンズ102の最大像高hmaxはr1/n1であり、基端側の球欠レンズ2Bの半径r1よりも小さい。n1は、球欠レンズ2Bの屈折率である。したがって、半径dがr1/n1よりも大きい像伝送体3を使用した場合、対物レンズ102からの光が入射しない先端面3aの周縁の領域は像の伝送に寄与せず、像の解像度が低下する。
一方、本実施形態の対物レンズ2において、像高は、r/nよりも大きく、最大像高hmaxを半径rと等しい寸法まで大きくすることができる。よって、半径dがr/nよりも大きい像伝送体3を使用して、先端面3aの周縁の領域を無駄にすることなく、像を高い解像度で伝送することができる。
遮光性部材5は、保持部材4の先端部の内面と凸球面2bとの間の環状の空間に充填され硬化した黒色の接着剤から形成される。接着剤は、例えば、エポキシ樹脂または紫外線硬化性樹脂等の樹脂接着剤である。平面2aを全周にわたって囲む環状の遮光性部材5によって、像伝送ユニット1の先端面1aに絞り6が形成される。絞り6によって、物体から像伝送体3に入射する光を制限し、凸球面2bでの全反射によって、迷光となりうる光線を排除することができる。
R≦r/n ・・・(2)
図3に示されるように、絞り6が無い場合、無限遠から平面2aを通って対物レンズ2に入射する軸上マージナル光線は、凸球面2bの全反射条件によって規定される。したがって、平面2aを絞り6として機能させるためには、n×sinθ≦sin90°を満たすこと、すなわちR≦r/nを満たすことが必要である。
スペーサ7の他の例は、対物レンズ2側および像伝送体3側の少なくとも一方に曲面を有するレンズであり、例えば、対物レンズ2側に凸面を有する平凸レンズである(図4B参照。)。レンズ7は、対物レンズ2からレンズ7に入射しレンズ7を通過する光に対して正の屈折力を有し、対物レンズ2からの光を先端面3a上で合焦させる。これにより、画角を向上することができる。
像伝送ユニット1は、種々の機器の対物光学系として使用され、例えば、物体を撮像する撮像光学系または物体を照明する照明光学系として使用される。
像伝送ユニット1の撮像光学系としての使用において、物体からの光は、平面2aを通って対物レンズ2に入射し、凸球面2bから出射され、焦点面Pに像を形成する。像は、焦点面Pまたはその近傍に先端面3aが配置された像伝送体3によって伝送される。伝送された像は、像伝送体3の基端側に配置された撮像素子13(図7A参照。)によって撮像される。
特に、像伝送体3の外径が保持部材4の内径と等しいまたは略等しい場合には、保持部材4の内径φの全部または略全部が解像度に寄与することができ、解像度を効果的に高めることができる。
像伝送ユニット101において、基端側の球欠レンズ2Bが存在することによって、球欠レンズ2Aの直径に対して像高hが小さくなる。したがって、像高hと同一の半径dの像伝送体103を使用した場合、像伝送体103の径方向外側には、像が投影されず解像度に寄与しない領域Δが生じる。一方、内径φと等しい半径dの像伝送体103を使用した場合、上述したように、像伝送体103の周縁の領域は像の伝送に寄与しない。よって、いずれにせよ、保持部材4Bの内径φを解像度の向上に有効に活用することができない。
この場合にも、r/nよりも大きい半径dを有する像伝送体3の使用は有利である。すなわち、半径dが大きい程、像伝送体3によって伝送することができる照明光の光量は増大する。さらに、先端面3aから射出される照明光は、高効率で対物レンズ2を通して物体に向かって照射される。したがって、対物レンズ2の直径によって規定される保持部材4の内径寸法φを有効に活用し、明るい照明を実現することができる。
仮に、従来の像伝送ユニット101のように、像伝送ユニット1が2つの保持部材4A,4Bを備える場合、像伝送ユニット1の外径が第2保持部材4Bの側壁の厚さの分だけ増大し、像伝送体3の外周面と第2保持部材4Bの内周面との間に、解像度に寄与しない領域Δが生じる。
図5Aから図5Fに示されるように、像伝送ユニット1の製造方法は、保持部材4内に単一の球レンズ2’を挿入するステップS1と、球レンズ2’の先端面上に接着剤5’を塗布するステップS2と、球レンズ2’に平面2aを形成し対物レンズ2を作製するステップS3と、保持部材4内に像伝送体3を挿入するステップS4と、対物レンズ2と像伝送体3とを相互に位置決めするステップS5と、を含む。
次に、ステップS2において、組立体の先端面上に黒色の接着剤5’を配置し、球レンズ2’の先端面と保持部材4の先端部の内面との間の隙間に接着剤5’を充填する(図5B参照。)。続いて、接着剤5’を硬化させる。遮光性部材5を備えない像伝送ユニット1を製造する場合、ステップS2は省略されてもよい。
この場合、撮像素子の撮像面(先端面)が、対物レンズ2の焦点面Pまたはその近傍に配置される。撮像面に形成された物体の光学像は、撮像素子によって電子信号に変換され、電子信号の形式で信号ケーブルによって伝送される。撮像素子の半径dは、例えば、矩形の撮像面の外接円の半径である。
例えば、ステップS2において、黒色の接着剤5’に代えて透明の接着剤が使用され、ステップS3の後に、遮光性の膜からなる遮光性部材5が先端面1a上に形成されてもよい。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態に係る像伝送ユニットについて図面を参照して説明する。
図6に示されるように、本実施形態に係る像伝送ユニット10は、像伝送体として、GRIN(gradient index)レンズ8からなるリレー光学系を用いたものである。
本実施形態において、第1実施形態と異なる構成について説明し、第1実施形態と共通する構成については同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
先端面8aは、凸球面2b側に凸の球面であってもよい。この場合、先端面8aは、焦点面Pと凸球面2bとの間に配置され、GRINレンズ8の内部に焦点面Pが位置する。このように、先端面8aがレンズとして機能する凸面であることによって、像伝送ユニット10の画角を広げることができる。凸面8aは、例えば、GRINレンズの平坦な先端面上に光学接着剤によって形成される。
対物レンズ2およびGRINレンズ8は、下式(1)を満たす。
r/n<d≦r ・・・(1)
本実施形態において、dは、GRINレンズ8の有効半径である。好ましくは、GRINレンズの外径は、対物レンズ2の外径と等しいかまたは略等しい。このように、半径dが式(1)の範囲内であることによって、対物レンズ2によって形成される像を高い解像度で伝送することができる。
像伝送ユニット10は、遮光性部材5(すなわち、絞り6)を備えなくてもよい。GRINレンズ8内を伝搬することができる光は、GRINレンズ8の側面におけるケラレによって制限される。したがって、絞り6が存在せずとも、像伝送ユニット10の明るさをGRINレンズ8によって規定することができる。これに関連し、図6に示されるように、平面2aの半径Rは、r/nよりも大きくてもよく、第1実施形態と同様に式(2)を満たしていてもよい。
像伝送ユニット10によれば、対物レンズ2が1つのみの球欠レンズから構成され、凸球面2bから出射された光は、像高が縮小されることなく先端面8aに入射する。さらに、GRINレンズ8は、r/nよりも大きい半径dを有し、GRINレンズ8の最外周にも光が入射する。これにより、撮像光学系としての使用において、対物レンズ2の直径によって規定される保持部材4の内径寸法φを有効に活用し、高い解像度の像を伝送することができる。
また、GRINレンズ8がr/nよりも大きい半径dを有することによって、照明光学系としての使用において、明るい照明を実現することができる。
また、対物レンズ2が半球よりも大きいことによって、対物レンズ2を摩擦力によって保持部材4に対して強固に固定することができる。
像伝送ユニット10の製造方法は、ステップS1と、ステップS2と、保持部材4内にGRINレンズ8を挿入するステップS31と、対物レンズ2とGRINレンズ8とを相互に位置決めするステップS41と、を含む。
ステップS41において、GRINレンズ8は、先端面8aが焦点面Pよりも凸球面2b側に配置される位置に位置決めされる。例えば、GRINレンズ8は、先端面8aが凸球面2bに突き当たるか、または凸球面2bの近傍に配置される位置に位置決めされる。したがって、第1実施形態のステップS4と異なり、GRINレンズ8の細かい位置調整は必ずしも必要ではない。
次に、本発明の第3実施形態に係る光学機器について説明する。
本実施形態において、第1および第2実施形態と異なる構成について説明し、第1および第2実施形態と共通する構成については同一の説明を付して説明を省略する。
図7Aおよび図7Bに示されるように、本実施形態に係る光学機器20は、内視鏡であり、像伝送ユニット11、照明光学系12、撮像素子(光学素子)13および筒部材14を備える。図7Aは、硬性の内視鏡を示し、図7Bは、軟性の内視鏡を示す。
各光ファイバ12aの先端は挿入部21の先端面(筒部材14の先端面)に配置され、各光ファイバ12aの基端は光源装置に光学的に接続される。各光ファイバ12aは、光源装置から基端に供給された照明光を導光し、先端から物体に向けて照明光を照射する。
内視鏡システム100は、内視鏡20と、筐体部30と、表示部40とを備える。
内視鏡20は、長尺の挿入部21と、挿入部21の基端に接続された撮像部22とを有する。像伝送ユニット11および照明光学系12は挿入部21内に配置され、撮像素子13および結像レンズ15は撮像部22内に配置される。
撮像部22は、筐体部30と一体であってもよい。すなわち、挿入部21の基端に筐体部30が接続され、撮像素子13および結像レンズ15が筐体部30内に配置されてもよい。
照明部31は、光源31aを有し、挿入部21の基端部から引き出された複数の光ファイバ12aの基端が光源31aと光学的に接続される。照明部31は、光源31aと複数の光ファイバ12aの基端との間に配置される集束レンズ31bをさらに有してもよい。集束レンズ31bは、光源31aから射出された光を光ファイバ12aの基端に集束させる。
表示部40は、液晶ディスプレイ等の任意の表示装置であり、画像処理部32から入力された画像を表示する。
また、像伝送ユニット11を撮像光学系として使用することによって、挿入部21が細く、かつ、像の解像度が高い内視鏡20を容易に実現することができる。したがって、内視鏡20および内視鏡システム100は、尿管のような細長い管腔内での使用に好適である。
図10Aから図10Dは、光学機器20の製造方法の一部を示している。光学機器20の製造方法は、保持部材4内に単一の球レンズ2’を挿入するステップS1と、組立体および光ファイバ12aを筒部材14内に挿入するステップS6と、球レンズ2’の先端面上に接着剤5’を塗布するステップS21と、球レンズ2’に平面2aを形成し対物レンズ2を作製するステップS31と、保持部材4内に像伝送体3を挿入するステップS4と、対物レンズ2と像伝送体3とを相互に位置決めするステップS5と、を含む。
ステップS1,S4,S5は、第1実施形態において説明した通りである。
ステップS1の後、ステップS6において、球レンズ2’と保持部材4とからなる第1組立体が筒部材14内に挿入され、続いて、保持部材4と筒部材14との間の円筒状の空間に1以上の光ファイバ12aが挿入される(図10A参照。)。これにより、球レンズ2’、保持部材4、筒部材14および1以上の光ファイバ12aからなる第2組立体が形成される。
次に、第1実施形態と同様に、ステップS4,S5が行われる(図10D参照。)。必要に応じて、ステップS31とステップS4との間で、スペーサ7が保持部材4内に挿入されてもよい。
次に、本発明の第4実施形態に係る光学機器について説明する。
本実施形態において、第1から第3実施形態と異なる構成について説明し、第1から第3実施形態と共通する構成については同一の説明を付して説明を省略する。
図11に示されるように、本実施形態に係る光学機器50は、光走査型の照明装置であり、像伝送ユニット11と、光源装置(光学素子)16とを備える。
2 対物レンズ
3 像伝送体
3a 先端面
4 保持部材
4a 先端面
5 遮光性部材
7 スペーサ
8 GRINレンズ(像伝送体、リレー光学系)
12 照明光学系
13 撮像素子(光学素子)
13a 撮像面
14 筒部材
15 結像レンズ
16 光スキャナ(光学素子、光源装置)
20 内視鏡(光学機器)
50 照明装置(光学機器)
100 内視鏡システム
Claims (15)
- 平面と凸球面とを有する球欠に形成された単一のレンズからなる単一の対物レンズと、
該対物レンズの前記凸球面の側に配置される像伝送体と、
前記対物レンズおよび前記像伝送体の両方を保持する単一の保持部材と、を備え、
前記対物レンズおよび前記像伝送体が、下式(1)を満たし、
前記平面を通過する光が、前記像伝送体の最外周を通過する光を含む、像伝送ユニット。
r/n<d≦r ・・・(1)
ここで、
rは、前記対物レンズの半径、
nは、前記対物レンズの屈折率、
dは、前記像伝送体の半径
である。 - 前記保持部材が、前記対物レンズおよび前記像伝送体を収容する筒状の部材であり、前記対物レンズおよび前記像伝送体が、前記保持部材の先端側および基端側にそれぞれ配置され、
前記保持部材の先端面と前記平面との間に該平面を囲む遮光性部材をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の像伝送ユニット。 - 前記対物レンズが、下式(2)を満たす、請求項1に記載の像伝送ユニット。
R≦r/n ・・・(2)
ここで、
Rは、前記平面の半径
である。 - 前記対物レンズと前記像伝送体との間に配置されるスペーサをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の像伝送ユニット。
- 前記スペーサが、前記対物レンズから前記スペーサに入射し該スペーサを通過する光に対して正の屈折力を有する、請求項4に記載の像伝送ユニット。
- 前記像伝送体が、ファイババンドル、リレー光学系または撮像素子であり、前記凸球面から距離をあけて配置される先端面を有し、
該先端面は、前記対物レンズの焦点面またはその近傍に配置される、請求項1に記載の像伝送ユニット。 - 前記像伝送体が、GRINレンズである、請求項1に記載の像伝送ユニット。
- 前記GRINレンズの先端面が、前記凸球面の側に凸の球面である、請求項7に記載の像伝送ユニット。
- 平面と凸球面とを有する球欠に形成された単一のレンズからなる単一の対物レンズと、該対物レンズの前記凸球面の側に配置される像伝送体と、前記対物レンズおよび前記像伝送体の両方を保持する単一の保持部材と、を備える像伝送ユニットと、
前記像伝送体の前記対物レンズとは反対側に配置される光学素子と、を備え、
前記対物レンズおよび前記像伝送体が、下式(1)を満たし、
前記平面を通過する光が、前記像伝送体の最外周を通過する光を含む、光学機器。
r/n<d≦r ・・・(1)
ここで、
rは、前記対物レンズの半径、
nは、前記対物レンズの屈折率、
dは、前記像伝送体の半径
である。 - 前記光学素子が、前記対物レンズによって形成され前記像伝送体によって伝送された物体の像を撮像する撮像素子である、請求項9に記載の光学機器。
- 照明光学系をさらに備え、
該照明光学系が、前記像伝送ユニットの周囲に周方向に配列する1以上の光ファイバを有する、請求項9に記載の光学機器。 - 前記光学素子が、前記像伝送体に光を供給する光源装置である、請求項9に記載の光学機器。
- 前記光源装置が、前記光を走査する光スキャナである、請求項12に記載の光学機器。
- 筒状の保持部材内に単一の球レンズを挿入すること、
前記保持部材内に像伝送体を挿入すること、
前記保持部材の端部および前記球レンズを研磨することによって、前記球レンズに平面を形成すること、および、
前記平面が形成された前記球レンズと前記像伝送体とを、前記平面を通過する光が前記像伝送体の最外周を通過する光を含む位置に相互に位置決めすること、を含む、像伝送ユニットの製造方法。 - 前記平面を形成することの前に、前記保持部材の内面と前記球レンズの外面との間の空間に遮光性部材を充填することをさらに含む、請求項14に記載の像伝送ユニットの製造方法。
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| JP2024562516A JPWO2024122020A1 (ja) | 2022-12-08 | 2022-12-08 | |
| CN202280102325.3A CN120303597A (zh) | 2022-12-08 | 2022-12-08 | 像传输单元、光学设备以及像传输单元的制造方法 |
| PCT/JP2022/045250 WO2024122020A1 (ja) | 2022-12-08 | 2022-12-08 | 像伝送ユニット、光学機器および像伝送ユニットの製造方法 |
| US19/227,867 US20250338000A1 (en) | 2022-12-08 | 2025-06-04 | Image transmission unit, optical device, and manufacturing method for image transmission unit |
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| WO2020141568A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-04 | 2020-07-09 | オリンパス株式会社 | 内視鏡装置 |
| WO2021255929A1 (ja) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-23 | オリンパス株式会社 | 光学ユニット、ファイバ走査装置、および光学ユニットの製造方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-12-08 CN CN202280102325.3A patent/CN120303597A/zh active Pending
- 2022-12-08 WO PCT/JP2022/045250 patent/WO2024122020A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2022-12-08 JP JP2024562516A patent/JPWO2024122020A1/ja active Pending
-
2025
- 2025-06-04 US US19/227,867 patent/US20250338000A1/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000147392A (ja) * | 1998-11-18 | 2000-05-26 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 内視鏡用対物レンズ |
| JP2004061671A (ja) * | 2002-07-25 | 2004-02-26 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 光デバイス |
| JP2005111275A (ja) * | 2003-10-08 | 2005-04-28 | Alcon Inc | 手術用広角照明器 |
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| US20250338000A1 (en) | 2025-10-30 |
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