WO2024120968A1 - Measurement method for a winding machine, and winding machine for carrying out such a measurement method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a measurement method (20) for a winding machine (10) for winding an, in particular filamentary, material (18), the winding machine (10) having at least one spindle (14), at least one winding face (15), and a measurement device (12), wherein the spindle (14), in at least one operating state, drives the at least one winding face (15) in rotation about a longitudinal axis of the spindle (14) in order to wind the material (18) onto the winding face (15) to form a package, in particular a fibre package, wherein, in at least one method step (22), a parameter of the package on the winding face (15) is sensed by means of the measurement device (12), wherein the at least one parameter of the package on the winding face (15) is calculated by means of a mass moment of inertia, in particular present at the spindle (14). The invention proposes that, in the method step (22), by means of the measurement device (12), a weight of the package on the winding face (15) is calculated by means of the mass moment of inertia present at the spindle (14), wherein, in a method step (32), intermediate braking, for sensing an intermediate braking force, is actuated, wherein, by means of the measurement device (12), the weight of the package is calculated by means of the intermediate braking force, wherein the spindle (14), in particular a tube (16), does not come to a standstill during the intermediate braking.

Description

Measuring method for a winding machine and winding machine for carrying out such a measuring method

State of the art

The invention relates to a measuring method for a winding machine, a measuring device for carrying out such a measuring method and a winding machine with such a measuring device.

A measuring method has already been proposed for a winding machine for winding a material, in particular a fibrous material, which has at least one spindle, at least one winding surface and a measuring device, wherein the spindle, in at least one operating state, drives the at least one winding surface in rotation about a longitudinal axis of the spindle in order to wind the material onto the winding surface to form a package, in particular a fiber package, wherein in at least one method step a weight of the package on the winding surface is detected by means of the measuring device.

From DE 10 2016 005 597 A1, DE 10 2012 023 557 A1 and DE 10 2020 119 846 A1, for example, measuring methods are known for a winding machine for winding a material, which has at least one spindle, at least one winding surface and a measuring device, wherein the spindle in at least one operating state drives the at least one winding surface in rotation about a longitudinal axis of the spindle in order to wind the material onto the winding surface to form a package, wherein in at least one method step at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface is detected by means of the measuring device, wherein the at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface is calculated by means of a mass moment of inertia.

The object of the invention is in particular to provide a generic measuring method and a generic winding machine with improved properties with regard to resource utilization and process quality. The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1 and claim 9, while advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be taken from the subclaims.

Advantages of the invention

The invention is based on a measuring method for a winding machine for winding a material, in particular a fibrous material, which has at least one spindle, at least one winding surface and a measuring device, wherein the spindle, in at least one operating state, drives the at least one winding surface in rotation about a longitudinal axis of the spindle in order to wind the material onto the winding surface to form a package, in particular a fiber package, wherein in at least one method step at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface is detected by means of the measuring device, wherein the at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface is calculated by means of a mass moment of inertia, in particular applied to the spindle.

It is proposed that in the method step, the weight of the package on the winding surface is calculated by means of the measuring device using the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle, wherein in one method step an intermediate braking is carried out to detect an intermediate braking force, wherein the weight of the package is calculated by means of the intermediate braking force using the measuring device, wherein the spindle, in particular a sleeve, does not come to a standstill during the intermediate braking. Furthermore, at least one sleeve, in particular the one already mentioned, can also be provided, which is arranged on the spindle and which serves to hold the material. The sleeve is in particular driven directly by the spindle. Preferably, the winding surface is formed by an outer surface of the spindle or an outer surface of the sleeve. Preferably, the winding machine has at least one drive unit for accelerating the spindle. The drive unit preferably has at least one electric motor. Furthermore, the drive unit can also have a gear. The drive unit, in particular the electric motor, is preferably provided to drive the at least one spindle in rotation. The drive unit, in particular the electric motor, is preferably provided to increase or decrease an angular velocity, in particular a rotational speed, of the spindle when accelerating the spindle. The acceleration of the spindle is in particular an angular acceleration, therefore in particular a change in the Angular velocity of the spindle around the axis of rotation of the spindle. Preferably, the winding machine has at least one control and/or regulating unit. The control and/or regulating unit is preferably at least provided to control a torque of the drive unit, in particular of the electric motor of the drive unit, in such a way that the spindle is set to a required angular velocity, in particular speed, by means of an angular acceleration of the electric motor. Preferably, the control and/or regulating unit is provided in operation to regulate an angular velocity of the spindle to a defined value by means of the drive unit. A "control and/or regulating unit" is to be understood in particular as a unit with at least one control electronics unit. Alternatively or additionally, it would also be conceivable for the control and/or regulating unit to be part of a computing unit. A "control electronics unit" is to be understood in particular as a unit with a processor unit and with a memory unit as well as with an operating program stored in the memory unit. Alternatively, the control and/or regulating unit can also comprise only a logic circuit. "Provided" is to be understood in particular as specially programmed, designed and/or equipped. The fact that an object is intended for a specific function should be understood in particular to mean that the object fulfills and/or carries out this specific function in at least one application and/or operating state. Preferably, the electric motor of the drive unit is connected to the spindle in such a way that an angular velocity of the electric motor corresponds to the angular velocity of the spindle and the angular acceleration of the electric motor corresponds to the angular acceleration of the spindle. Alternatively, it would be conceivable for the drive unit to have a gear, in particular a belt drive, which effects a transmission between the electric motor and the spindle. Preferably, the at least one sleeve, if present, has the same angular velocity and the same angular acceleration as the spindle. The spindle preferably experiences its angular acceleration from the torque of the electric motor, which acts on the spindle from a drive shaft of the electric motor. The sleeve, if present, preferably experiences its angular acceleration from a torque of the spindle, which acts on the sleeve from the spindle. Preferably, the control unit is set up in such a way that the angular velocity of the sleeve, the spindle and/or the electric motor is recorded in one method step. In one method step, the control unit preferably controls the electric motor in such a way that the electric motor uses its torque to achieve a required Sets the angular velocity on the spindle.

The at least one parameter is in particular assigned to the package on the winding surface and in particular at least partially defines the package on the winding surface. Preferably, the at least one parameter provides information about a state of the package. The parameter can be formed, for example, by a weight of the package on the winding surface. Alternatively or additionally, it would also be conceivable for the at least one parameter to be formed, for example, by a process quality parameter of the package. In particular, the parameter can be used, for example, to monitor a completed manufacturing process of the material. In particular, a total mass moment of inertia is calculated using the torque applied by the electric motor of the drive unit, wherein known mass moments of inertia, such as in particular a mass moment of inertia of the drive unit and a mass moment of inertia of the spindle, can be deducted from the total mass moment of inertia to determine the mass moments of inertia of the package. A "torque applied by the electric motor" is to be understood in particular as a torque which the electric motor applies to drive the spindle and possibly the sleeve in order to maintain, increase or reduce the angular speed of the spindle at a required angular speed. A "total mass moment of inertia" in this context is to be understood in particular as a mass moment of inertia which is made up of all mass moments of inertia along the drive train from the electric motor of the drive unit to the spindle. The total mass moment of inertia is preferably made up of at least one mass moment of inertia of the drive unit, in particular the rotor of the electric motor, the mass moment of inertia of the spindle and, if present, the mass moment of inertia applied to the at least one sleeve. The mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle is composed in particular of a mass moment of inertia of the spindle itself, possibly of a sleeve, and in the case of a winding of the material, in particular fibrous material, on the winding surface, the mass moment of inertia of the material located on the winding surface.

Preferably, the winding machine has a computing unit. The computing unit is provided to calculate the at least one parameter of the package. Preferably, the computing unit is provided to calculate the Mass moment of inertia. In one method step, the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle is calculated by the computing unit, in particular by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor from the total mass moment of inertia. The computing unit preferably has at least one data set. At least the mass moment of inertia of the electric motor is preferably stored in the data set. Furthermore, a mass moment of inertia of the empty spindle can also be stored. Alternatively or additionally, it would be conceivable for the mass moment of inertia of the drive unit and the spindle to be recorded before each winding. In this context, an “empty spindle” is to be understood in particular as a spindle which is free of a sleeve and/or free of a winding of the material, in particular fibrous material. The mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the empty spindle are preferably determined before the winding machine is put into operation and stored in the computing unit. Alternatively, it would be conceivable for the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the empty spindle to be determined separately or together in a calibration step of the winding machine. In one method step, the parameter of the package is preferably calculated from the wound, in particular fibrous, material. In this context, “wound material” is to be understood in particular as material that was wound onto the sleeve during operation of the winding machine. The material can be formed, for example, from a filament, a ribbon or the like. Preferably, the material is formed from a fibrous material. In this context, a “fibrous material” is to be understood in particular as a material made of plastic, natural or glass fibers, which is in particular composed of several fibers.

Due to the design of the measuring method according to the invention, the weight of the package, in particular of wound material, can advantageously be determined cost-effectively and precisely by a winding machine. The weight of the package can advantageously be determined during a winding process. Additional work steps and devices for determining the weight of the package can advantageously be dispensed with.

According to the invention, in the method step, the weight of the package on the winding surface is measured by means of the measuring device by means of the Mass moment of inertia is calculated. The weight of the package forms a parameter of the package in particular. The data set of the computing unit preferably has the mass moment of inertia of the empty spindle and/or a mass moment of inertia of the empty spindle is determined before a winding process. The empty spindle is preferably free of the material. In one method step, the weight of the package from the material, in particular fibrous, is calculated by the computing unit by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the empty spindle and the electric motor from the recorded total mass moment of inertia. In this context, a "weight of the package on the winding surface" is to be understood in particular as a package weight of the material, in particular fibrous, wound on the winding surface. The weight defines in particular a current weight of the material, in particular fibrous, currently wound on the winding surface. The fact that the weight of the package on the winding surface is calculated by means of a mass moment of inertia, in particular on the spindle, should be understood in particular to mean that a mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle is directly recorded or indirectly determined and a weight of the package on the winding surface is inferred from the changing mass moment of inertia. Preferably, a current total mass moment of inertia of the spindle with the package is calculated using a torque generated by the drive unit to accelerate the spindle with the package, and the weight of the package is inferred from this, in particular by calculation. The design of the measuring method makes it possible to determine the weight of the package of wound material advantageously precisely and easily. The weight of the wound material can advantageously be determined while the package is arranged on the spindle. In particular, the influence of centrifugal forces on a weight measurement can be minimized compared to a conventional weight measurement.

Furthermore, it is proposed that in a method step, the moment of inertia applied to the spindle is recorded by means of the measuring device during an acceleration, in particular a braking, of the spindle. An “acceleration” is to be understood as an acceleration that is different from zero, whereby positive and negative accelerations are particularly conceivable. Preferably, the control unit records the required braking torque that is required to accelerate the spindle from an angular velocity to a lower Angular velocity. The braking torque is preferably provided by the electric motor. The data set of the computing unit preferably has values for the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor, the empty spindle and/or the empty sleeve during a braking process. The mass moment of inertia of the package of material on the spindle is preferably calculated by the computing unit by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the empty spindle from the required braking torque of the electric motor. The weight of the material, in particular fibrous, is preferably calculated by the computing unit by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor, the empty spindle and, if present, the empty sleeve from the required braking torque of the electric motor. Due to the design of the measuring method, a weight of the material wound on the spindle can advantageously be determined free of an additional process step. The weight can advantageously be determined in an energy-saving manner.

It is further proposed that in a method step, a braking force of the winding machine, which is intended to brake the rotating spindle, in particular at the end of the winding, is recorded by means of the measuring device. The winding preferably has at least a positive acceleration at the beginning of the winding and a negative acceleration, in particular a braking, at the end of the winding. Preferably, the spindle has an angular velocity of 0 rad/s at the end of the winding, in particular after braking. Because the braking force, in particular the braking torque, is recorded at the end of the winding, an additional acceleration step can advantageously be dispensed with. The weight can advantageously be calculated during an essential process step.

It is further proposed that in a method step the weight of the package is calculated using the braking force by means of the measuring device. Preferably, the computing unit calculates the braking torque of the electric motor using the braking force. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the winding machine has a separate braking unit which is provided for braking the spindle. Preferably, the braking unit provides the computing unit with the value of the required braking force for calculating the braking torque. Because the braking force, in particular the braking torque, is recorded at the end of the winding, an additional acceleration step can advantageously be dispensed with. The Weight can be advantageously calculated during an essential process step.

According to the invention, in one method step, an intermediate braking is carried out to detect an intermediate braking force, the weight of the package being calculated using the intermediate braking force by means of the measuring device. The intermediate braking is preferably carried out during winding. The intermediate braking is particularly intended to determine the weight of the fibrous material on the spindle during winding. The intermediate braking preferably lasts a maximum of 10 seconds, preferably a maximum of 5 seconds and particularly preferably a maximum of 2 seconds. Preferably, the spindle, in particular the sleeve, does not come to a standstill during the intermediate braking. In particular, material continues to be wound onto the winding surface during the intermediate braking. The design of the measuring method advantageously allows the weight of the package of wound material to be detected during winding. The weight can advantageously be detected without removing the package from the spindle.

It is further proposed that in a method step the braking of the spindle is interrupted by at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle in order to determine disturbance variables, in particular system friction. Preferably, the angular velocity of the spindle is increased for the at least one acceleration cycle for the duration of the acceleration cycle. Preferably, the acceleration cycle lasts a maximum of 10 seconds, preferably a maximum of 5 seconds and particularly preferably a maximum of 2 seconds. Preferably, the angular velocity is increased during the acceleration cycle by a maximum of 20 rad/s, preferably by a maximum of 10 rad/s and particularly preferably by a maximum of 5 rad/s from the start of the acceleration cycle to the end of the acceleration cycle. The design of the measuring method allows disturbance variables to be advantageously detected. A more accurate result for the weight of the package of fibrous material can advantageously be provided.

It is further proposed that in a method step for calibrating the weight measurement, at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle is carried out. The fact that an acceleration cycle is carried out during the acceleration is to be understood in particular as meaning that the angular velocity of the spindle in the acceleration cycle is increased to a value corresponding to the, in particular linear, regular Acceleration of the spindle is accelerated to a different angular velocity change value. A “regular acceleration” should be understood in particular to mean an acceleration which the spindle experiences as standard at the start of a winding process. It is conceivable that the angular velocity change value in the acceleration cycle is lower or higher than the angular velocity change value of the regular acceleration of the spindle. The acceleration cycle during the acceleration of the spindle preferably lasts a maximum of 10 seconds, preferably a maximum of 5 seconds and particularly preferably a maximum of 2 seconds. The difference in the angular velocity change value between the regular acceleration and in the acceleration cycle is preferably at least 1 rad/s ² , preferably at least 2 rad/s ² . It is conceivable that the acceleration cycle is carried out before production begins in order to calibrate the weight measurement. The fact that the acceleration cycle is carried out before production begins should be understood in particular to mean that the spindle is free of the sleeve and/or no fibrous material is wound up. The measuring method can therefore advantageously be calibrated before production begins. Possible disturbances can advantageously be recorded before production begins and, if necessary, eliminated.

Furthermore, the invention is based on a winding machine for carrying out a measuring method according to one of the preceding claims with a measuring device, with at least one spindle and with at least one winding surface. The measuring device preferably has at least one control and/or regulating unit. The control and/or regulating unit is preferably at least provided to control the torque of the electric motor in such a way that the spindle is set to a required angular speed, in particular speed, by means of an angular acceleration of the electric motor. The control and/or regulating unit is preferably set up to detect the angular speed of the sleeve, the spindle and/or the electric motor. The control and/or regulating unit is set up to control the electric motor preferably in such a way that the electric motor sets a required angular speed on the spindle by means of its torque. The measuring device preferably has at least one computing unit. The computing unit is provided to calculate the weight of the package of material. The computing unit is preferably provided to calculate the mass moment of inertia of the package. The computing unit is set up in such a way that the mass moment of inertia of the package is calculated, by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the spindle from the total mass moment of inertia. The computing unit preferably has at least one data set. The data set preferably contains at least the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the empty spindle. The mass moments of inertia of the electric motor and the empty spindle are preferably determined before the winding machine is put into operation and stored in the computing unit. The winding machine preferably has several, in particular at least two, spindles. The winding machine preferably comprises at least one, in particular one for each spindle, material conveyor. The winding machine preferably comprises a winding device for each spindle for winding the material onto the spindle. The measuring device of the winding machine preferably comprises the control unit and the computing unit. The design of the winding machine according to the invention makes it possible to provide an advantageously productive winding machine with an advantageously high throughput, which can measure the weight of the sleeve or the wound material without removing the sleeve from the spindle and advantageously without an additional process step. The design of the winding machine according to the invention makes it possible to provide a measuring device for a winding machine, which makes it possible to advantageously measure the weight of a wound material directly on the winding machine.

It is further proposed that the winding surface is formed by an outer surface of the spindle. This makes it possible in particular to wind the material directly onto the spindle. In particular, the number of components can be kept low. Alternatively, it is proposed that the winding machine has at least one sleeve, the winding surface being formed by an outer surface of the sleeve. The sleeve is in particular arranged detachably on the spindle and is intended to be removed from the spindle with the package after a winding process of the package. The sleeve is used in particular to separate the package from the spindle. Various designs of the sleeve that appear sensible to a person skilled in the art are conceivable. The sleeve can be formed, for example, from a cardboard sleeve or a metal sleeve. Flexible designs of the sleeve are also conceivable. In particular, the winding machine can be used both with the sleeve, the winding surface then being formed in particular by an outer surface of the sleeve, and without the sleeve. The winding surface is accordingly adapted to various components. This makes it possible to provide an advantageously flexible winding machine.

It is further proposed that the winding machine has a drive unit for an output of the at least one spindle, wherein the measuring device is provided to detect a load of the drive unit. The drive unit has in particular an electric motor, wherein the measuring device is provided in particular to detect a load of the electric motor and to use this to deduce a total mass moment of inertia.

Drawings

Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawings. The drawings show an embodiment of the invention. The drawings, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will also expediently consider the features individually and combine them into further useful combinations.

Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a winding machine according to the invention with two spindles and with a measuring device in a schematic representation,

Fig. 2 a spindle of the winding machine according to the invention in a schematic sectional view,

Fig. 3 shows a measuring method according to the invention in a schematic representation and

Fig. 4 is a diagram which schematically shows the different braking torque.

Description of the embodiment

Figure 1 shows a winding machine 10 with a measuring device 12 for winding a fibrous material 18, which has at least one spindle 14, 14'. The fibrous material 18 is formed, for example, from a plastic, natural or glass fiber yarn, which is composed in particular of several fibers, in particular filaments. The winding machine 10 has two spindles 14, 14'. The spindles 14, 14' are essentially identical. The spindles 14, 14' are arranged parallel to the axis, wherein preferably only one spindle 14, 14' is filled with the fibrous material 18 during operation. The measuring device 12 is provided for both spindles 14, 14', but it would also be conceivable for each spindle 14, 14' to be assigned a measuring device 12. The spindles 14, 14' each have, for example, an inner shaft 44, two conical elements 46, 48 arranged on the inner shaft 44 and a hollow cylindrical cylinder jacket element 50 arranged between the conical elements 46, 48 (Figure 2). Figure 2 shows, for example, the first spindle 14 of the spindles 14, 14', wherein the spindles 14, 14' are in particular identically designed. The winding machine 10 further comprises a material conveyor which is provided for feeding the fibrous material 18 to the spindle 14, 14' to be filled. The material conveyor is provided, for example, to feed the produced fibrous material 18 to the corresponding spindle 14, 14' for a defined winding, such as a cross winding. The material 18 is then wound up in the form of a package on the corresponding spindle 14, 14' by a rotary movement of the spindle 14, 14'. The winding machine 10 is provided for winding the material 18 on the spindles 14, 14'. The winding machine 10 also has a drive unit 52. The drive unit 52 is provided for driving the spindles 14, 14'. The drive unit 52 comprises at least one electric motor 54. The drive unit 52 comprises, for example, exactly two electric motors 54, only one of which is shown in the drawings, each of which is provided for driving one of the spindles 14, 14'. The electric motors 54 are each provided from a direct drive to a direct drive of one of the two spindles 14, 14'. However, it would also be conceivable for the drive unit 52 to additionally have a gear, such as a planetary gear, a spur gear and/or a belt drive, which translates a drive movement of the electric motors 54 to the spindle 14, 14'. Furthermore, the winding machine 10 has a control and/or regulating unit 56. The control and/or regulating unit 56 is at least provided to control the torque of the electric motors 54 in such a way that the driven spindle 14, 14' is set to a required angular velocity, in particular speed, by means of an angular acceleration of the corresponding electric motor 54. The control and/or regulating unit 56 is set up to detect the angular velocity of the spindle 14 and/or the electric motor 54 and to regulate it to a defined value, in particular one specified by an operating program. The control and/or regulating unit 56 is set up to control the electric motor 54 such that the electric motor 54 sets a required angular velocity on the spindle 14, 14' by means of its torque.

Furthermore, the winding machine 10 has a winding surface 15. The winding surface 15 serves to directly receive a package, in particular a fiber package, of the fibrous material 18. The winding machine 10 is intended to wind the fibrous material directly on the winding surface 15 into a package. In one embodiment, the winding surface 15 is formed by an outer surface of the spindle 14. The winding surface 15 is formed by an outer surface of the cylinder jacket element 50. In addition, the winding machine 10 can have at least one sleeve 16. The at least one sleeve 16 is in particular optional. The sleeve 16 is intended for a detachable connection to one of the spindles 14, 14'. The sleeve 16 is driven by the spindle 14. The sleeve 16 is in particular hollow-cylindrical in shape. The sleeve 16 serves to store the package after winding.

In Figure 2, the spindle 14 is shown on the left side without a sleeve 16 and the spindle 14 with the sleeve 16 is shown on the right side. Depending on the material 18 and/or the application, the spindle 14 can be used with or without a sleeve 16. When using a sleeve 16, the winding surface 15 is formed by an outer surface of the sleeve 16.

The measuring device 12 is provided to detect a load of the drive unit. The measuring device 12 is provided to carry out a measuring method 20 for the winding machine 10 for winding the fibrous material 18, for detecting at least one parameter of the package of the material 18 on the winding surface. The measuring method is in particular for detecting a weight of the package of the material 18 on the winding surface 15. The measuring device 12 has a computing unit 58. The computing unit 58 is provided to calculate the weight of the package of the fibrous material 18. The computing unit 58 is provided to calculate the mass moment of inertia of the sleeve 16. The computing unit is set up such that the mass moment of inertia of the package of the fibrous material 18 is calculated by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the driving electric motor 54 and the driven spindle 14, 14' from a total mass moment of inertia. The computing unit 58 has a data set. The mass moments of inertia of the electric motors 54 and the empty spindles 14, 14' are stored in the data set. The mass moments of inertia of the electric motors 54 and the empty spindles 14, 14' are determined before the winding machine 10 is put into operation and stored in the computing unit 58. Alternatively, the mass moments of inertia of the electric motors 54 and the empty spindles 14, 14' are recorded by the computing unit 58 before each winding operation by operating the spindle 14, 14' empty in a defined speed range.

Figure 3 shows the measuring method 20 for the winding machine 10 for winding the fibrous material 18. The measuring method 20 takes place in a regular winding operation of the winding machine 10. During the winding operation and the measuring method, one of the electric motors 54 drives the driven spindle 14, 14' rotating about a longitudinal axis of the spindle 14, 14' in order to wind the fibrous material 18 on the winding surface 15 into a package, in particular a fiber package. In the regular winding operation of the winding machine 10, the control and/or regulating unit 56 controls the electric motor 54 in such a way that the electric motor 54 sets a required angular speed on the spindle 14 by means of its torque.

Calibration is preferably carried out before winding operation and/or before the measuring method 20. In a method step 36, at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle 14 is carried out to calibrate the weight measurement. The spindle 14 is empty, and if provided, a sleeve 16 can be arranged on the spindle 14.

The measuring method 20 is preferably carried out during regular winding operation, wherein the measuring method 20 can be carried out both at the end of a winding operation, for example in order to check a final package size of the package made of the fibrous material 18, and during winding, for example in order to obtain an intermediate value of the weight of the package. Furthermore, the weight can also be recorded continuously or individual measuring points can be recorded.

In order to continuously record the weight of the package of fibrous material 18 on the spindle 14, a total mass moment of inertia is continuously recorded. In a method step 22 of the measuring method 20, a parameter, in particular a weight, of the package on the winding surface 15 is recorded by means of the measuring device 12. However, another parameter that appears to be useful to a person skilled in the art would also be conceivable for recording. The weight of the package on the winding surface 15 is recorded in the Method step 22 is calculated using a mass moment of inertia. In method step 22, the weight of the package made of fibrous material 18 is calculated using the mass moment of inertia applied to spindle 14. Method step 22 is carried out continuously during regular winding operation. The control and/or regulating unit 56 is set up in such a way that in method step 22 the angular velocity of sleeve 16, spindle 14, 14' and/or electric motor 54 is recorded. Furthermore, a torque applied by electric motor 54 is recorded using the control and/or regulating unit 56. As the effective weight of spindle 14 increases, a torque applied by electric motor 54 increases at a constant speed. In method step 22, the total mass moment of inertia is calculated using the torque applied by electric motor 54. In method step 22, the computing unit 58 calculates the mass moment of inertia of the package on the winding surface 15. In method step 22, the mass moment of inertia of the package of fibrous material 18 on the winding surface 15 is calculated by the computing unit 58 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the driving electric motor 54 and the driven spindle 14, 14' from the determined total mass moment of inertia. If a sleeve 16 is used, the weight of the sleeve 16 with wound-up, in particular fibrous, material 18 is also calculated in method step 22. The data set of the computing unit 58 has in particular the mass moment of inertia of the empty sleeve 16. The data set can consist of both calibration data and originally stored data. In method step 22, the weight of the material 18, in particular the fibrous material, is calculated by the computing unit 58 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54, the spindle 14 and possibly the sleeve 16 from the total mass moment of inertia. The weight of the package made of the fibrous material 18 is calculated from the mass moment of inertia of the package. Alternatively or additionally, in a method step 26, the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle 16 is recorded by means of the measuring device 12 during acceleration, in particular braking, of the spindle 14. The mass moment of inertia is recorded at the end of a winding operation when the spindle 16 is braked to a standstill. The control and/or regulating unit 56 records a required braking torque 40, which is required to brake the spindle 14 from one angular velocity to a lower angular velocity. The braking torque is provided by the electric motor 54 is provided. However, it would also be conceivable for a separate braking unit to be provided which brakes the spindle 14. The data set of the computing unit 58 has values for the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54, the empty spindle 14 and/or the empty sleeve 16 during a braking process. The mass moment of inertia of the package made of the material 18 is calculated by the computing unit 58 in method step 26 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54 and the empty spindle 14 from the required braking torque 40 of the electric motor 54. In a method step 28, a braking force of the winding machine 10, which is provided to brake the rotating spindle 14 at the end of the winding, is recorded by means of the measuring device 12. In a method step 30, the weight of the package made of the fibrous material 18 is calculated using the braking force. The computing unit 58 calculates the braking torque of the electric motor 54 using the braking force. To determine the weight of the package, a total mass moment of inertia is calculated, in particular as in method step 22. The weight of the material 18, in particular the fibrous material, is then calculated by the computing unit 58 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54, the spindle 14 and, if applicable, the sleeve 16 from the total mass moment of inertia.

Alternatively or additionally, in a method step 32, in particular an intermediate braking step, an intermediate braking is carried out to detect an intermediate braking force, the weight of the package being calculated using the intermediate braking force by means of the measuring device 12. The weight of the package can be calculated at regular intervals during a winding operation. The intermediate braking is carried out during winding. The intermediate braking, in particular the intermediate braking force, is intended to determine the weight of the package made of the fibrous material 18 during winding. The spindle 14 does not come to a standstill during the intermediate braking. During the intermediate braking, material 18 continues to be wound onto the winding surface 15. Method step 32, in particular the intermediate braking step, is also followed by method step 30. In method step 30, the weight of the package made of the fibrous material 18 is calculated using the intermediate braking force. The computing unit 58 calculates the braking torque of the electric motor 54 using the intermediate braking force. To determine the weight of the package, in particular as in method step 22, a Total mass moment of inertia is calculated. The weight of the material 18, in particular the fibrous material, is then calculated by the computing unit 58 by subtracting the mass moments of inertia of the electric motor 54, the spindle 14 and, if applicable, the sleeve 16 from the total mass moment of inertia.

In addition to the method steps 26, 30, in which braking is carried out, it would be conceivable that in a method step 34 the braking of the spindle 14 is interrupted by at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle 14 in order to determine disturbance variables, in particular system friction. The angular velocity of the spindle 14 is increased for the duration of the at least one acceleration cycle.

Figure 4 shows a diagram that was used as an example to represent the data set of the computing unit 58. In the diagram, the braking torque is plotted over the winding time. The braking torque is plotted on the ordinate axis, while the winding time is plotted on the abscissa axis. The diagram shows that the braking torque increases as a function of the winding time. The diagram therefore shows that the effective weight of the spindle 14 with the wound material 18 increases over time. The diagram shows a graph of a target braking torque 38, which is theoretically necessary to completely brake the spindle 14 depending on a package size on the winding surface 15. The diagram also shows a graph for the braking torque 40 actually required. An absolute deviation 42 is plotted and shown on a smaller scale over the winding time.

Claims

Claims Measuring method (20) for a winding machine (10) for winding a material (18), in particular a fibrous material (18), which has at least one spindle (14), at least one winding surface (15) and a measuring device (12), wherein the spindle (14) in at least one operating state drives the at least one winding surface (15) rotating about a longitudinal axis of the spindle (14) in order to wind the material (18) onto the winding surface (15) to form a package, in particular a fiber package, wherein in at least one method step (22) at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface (15) is detected by means of the measuring device (12), wherein the at least one parameter of the package on the winding surface (15) is calculated by means of a mass moment of inertia, in particular applied to the spindle (14), characterized in that in the method step (22) by means of the measuring device (12) a weight of the package on the winding surface (15) is calculated by means of the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle (14). is, wherein in a method step (32) an intermediate braking is carried out to detect an intermediate braking force, wherein the weight of the package is calculated by means of the measuring device (12) by means of the intermediate braking force, wherein the spindle (14), in particular a sleeve (16), does not come to a standstill during the intermediate braking. Measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that in a method step (26) by means of the measuring device (12) the mass moment of inertia applied to the spindle (16) is detected during an acceleration, in particular a braking, of the spindle (14). Measuring method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in a method step (28) by means of the measuring device (12) a braking force the winding machine (10), which is provided to brake the rotating spindle (14), in particular at the end of the winding. Measuring method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a method step (30) the weight of the package is calculated by means of the braking force using the measuring device (12). Measuring method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a method step (34) the braking of the spindle (14) is interrupted by at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle (14) to determine disturbance variables, in particular system friction. Measuring method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a method step (36) at least one acceleration cycle of the spindle (14) is carried out to calibrate the weight measurement. Winding machine (10) for carrying out a measuring method (20) according to one of the preceding claims with a measuring device (12), with at least one spindle (14) and with at least one winding surface (15). Winding machine (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that the winding surface (15) is formed by an outer surface of the spindle (14). Winding machine (10) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by at least one sleeve (16), wherein the winding surface (15) is formed by an outer surface of the sleeve (16). Winding machine (10) according to claim 7, characterized by a drive unit (52) for outputting the at least one spindle (14), wherein the measuring device (12) is provided to measure a load of the drive unit (52).