WO2024190113A1 - ウインドシールド - Google Patents
ウインドシールド Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024190113A1 WO2024190113A1 PCT/JP2024/002453 JP2024002453W WO2024190113A1 WO 2024190113 A1 WO2024190113 A1 WO 2024190113A1 JP 2024002453 W JP2024002453 W JP 2024002453W WO 2024190113 A1 WO2024190113 A1 WO 2024190113A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- glass plate
- vehicle
- adhesive layer
- windshield
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a windshield.
- Laminated glass has an outer glass sheet, an inner glass sheet, and a resin interlayer that bonds these glass sheets.
- This structure allows the interlayer to absorb the impact of, for example, a collision with an object from outside the vehicle.
- various functions have been required of the interlayer, and it has been proposed to place functional films such as heat reflective films and anti-reflective films within the interlayer (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the windshield may not be able to fully absorb the impact and the inner glass sheet may break and peel off from the interlayer film, so there has been a demand for a windshield that is highly impact resistant to impacts from outside the vehicle.
- the present invention was made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a windshield that can improve impact resistance when subjected to an impact from outside the vehicle.
- Item 1 An inner glass plate disposed on the inside of a vehicle; an outer glass plate disposed opposite the inner glass plate and on the outer side of the vehicle; an interlayer film that bonds the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate; Equipped with The intermediate film comprises a functional layer, A windshield that is impact resistant against impacts from outside the vehicle.
- An inner glass plate disposed on the inside of the vehicle; an outer glass plate disposed opposite the inner glass plate and on the outer side of the vehicle; an interlayer film that bonds the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate; Equipped with The intermediate film comprises a functional layer, A windshield that is impact resistant against impacts from outside the vehicle.
- the intermediate film is The functional layer; a first adhesive layer disposed closer to the outer glass plate than the functional layer; a second adhesive layer disposed closer to the inner glass plate than the functional layer; Equipped with Item 2.
- the intermediate film is The functional layer; a first adhesive layer disposed closer to the outer glass plate than the functional layer; a second adhesive layer disposed closer to the inner glass plate than the functional layer; Equipped with 2.
- the Young's modulus of the core layer is 25 MPa or less at a frequency of 100 Hz and a temperature of 20° C.
- Item 4. The windshield according to item 3.
- the Young's modulus of the outer layer is 560 MPa or more at a frequency of 100 Hz and a temperature of 20° C.
- Item 5 The windshield according to item 3 or 4.
- Item 6 A windshield according to any one of items 3 to 5, in which the thickness of the first adhesive layer is 0.76 mm or more.
- the intermediate film is The functional layer; a first adhesive layer disposed closer to the outer glass plate than the functional layer; a second adhesive layer disposed closer to the inner glass plate than the functional layer; Equipped with Item 2.
- Item 8 The thickness of the outer glass sheet is greater than the thickness of the inner glass sheet.
- Item 7. The windshield according to any one of items 2 to 6.
- the windshield of the present invention can improve impact resistance when subjected to an impact from outside the vehicle.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which an automotive laminated glass according to the present invention is applied to a windshield.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is an example of a block diagram of an in-vehicle system.
- Fig. 1 is a plan view of the windshield
- Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
- the up-down direction in Fig. 1 will be referred to as “up-down”, “vertical”, and “length”, and the left-right direction in Fig. 1 will be referred to as "left-right”.
- Fig. 1 illustrates the windshield as seen from the inside of the vehicle. That is, the back side of the paper in Fig. 1 is the outside of the vehicle, and the front side of the paper in Fig. 1 is the inside of the vehicle.
- this windshield has a roughly rectangular laminated glass 10, which is installed on the vehicle body in an inclined state.
- a mask layer 110 that blocks the view from outside the vehicle is laminated on the inner surface of this laminated glass 10 facing the inside of the vehicle.
- an imaging device 2 with a built-in camera for photographing the situation outside the vehicle is attached to this mask layer 110 via a bracket (not shown).
- a photographing window 113 is provided in the mask layer 110 at a position corresponding to the imaging device 2, and the imaging device 2 can photograph the situation outside the vehicle through this photographing window 113.
- An image processing device 3 is connected to the photographing device 2, and images captured by the photographing device 2 are processed by this image processing device 3.
- the photographing device 2 and image processing device 3 constitute an in-vehicle system 5, which can provide various information to passengers in accordance with the processing by the image processing device 3. Each component will be explained below.
- the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 can be made of known glass plates, and can be made of heat absorbing glass, general clear glass, green glass, dark green glass, or UV green glass. However, these glass plates 11 and 12 need to achieve a visible light transmittance that meets the safety standards of the country in which the automobile is used. For example, the outer glass plate 11 can ensure a required solar radiation absorptance, and the inner glass plate 12 can adjust the visible light transmittance to meet the safety standards. Examples of clear glass, heat absorbing glass, and soda lime glass are shown below.
- the composition of the heat ray absorbing glass can be, for example, based on the composition of clear glass , with the ratio of total iron oxide (T- Fe2O3 ) converted to Fe2O3 being 0.4 to 1.3 mass%, the ratio of CeO2 being 0 to 2 mass%, the ratio of TiO2 being 0 to 0.5 mass%, and the glass skeletal components (mainly SiO2 and Al2O3 ) being reduced by the increases in T- Fe2O3 , CeO2 and TiO2 .
- the visible light transmittance of each glass plate 11, 12 can also be adjusted.
- the content of Fe2O3 is adjusted to color the glass plate, thereby adjusting the visible light transmittance.
- the content of Fe2O3 is increased, the glass plate is colored green, and becomes the above-mentioned green glass or dark green glass.
- the content of Fe2O3 is decreased, the above-mentioned clear glass is obtained.
- the thickness of the laminated glass 10 according to this embodiment is not particularly limited, but the total thickness of the outer glass sheet 11 and the inner glass sheet 12 can be, for example, 2.1 to 6 mm. From the viewpoint of weight reduction, the total thickness of the outer glass sheet 11 and the inner glass sheet 12 is preferably 2.4 to 3.8 mm, more preferably 2.6 to 3.4 mm, and particularly preferably 2.7 to 3.2 mm.
- the outer glass sheet 11 primarily needs to be durable and impact resistant against external obstacles, and as an automobile windshield it needs to be impact resistant against flying objects such as pebbles. On the other hand, the thicker it is, the heavier it becomes, which is undesirable. From this perspective, the thickness of the outer glass sheet 11 is preferably 1.8 to 2.5 mm, and more preferably 1.9 to 2.4 mm. The thickness to be adopted can be determined depending on the application of the glass.
- the thickness of the inner glass sheet 12 can be the same as that of the outer glass sheet 11, but for example, to reduce the weight of the laminated glass 10, the thickness of the outer glass sheet 11 can be made smaller than that of the outer glass sheet 11.
- the thickness of the outer glass sheet 11 can be made as thick as possible from the perspective of reducing the weight. This can reduce impact from the outside of the vehicle. As a result, the effect of preventing peeling of the adhesive layer between the functional film and the glass sheet due to impact from the outside can be improved.
- the thickness is 0.6 to 2.3 mm, preferably 0.8 to 1.6 mm, and particularly preferably 1.0 to 1.4 mm. Furthermore, it is preferably 0.8 to 1.3 mm. This allows the thickness of the outer glass sheet 11 to be 2.3 mm or more, for example, and improves impact resistance.
- this laminated glass 10 is curved so that it is convex towards the outside of the vehicle, and in this case the thickness is measured at two points, one above and one below the center line that runs vertically through the center of the laminated glass 10 in the left-right direction.
- the measuring device is not particularly limited, but for example, a thickness gauge such as the SM-112 manufactured by Techclock Corporation can be used. When measuring, the curved surface of the laminated glass 10 is placed on a flat surface, and the edge of the laminated glass 10 is clamped with the thickness gauge to measure.
- the first embodiment of the intermediate film 13 comprises a transparent first adhesive layer 131 adhered to the outer glass plate 11, a transparent second adhesive layer 132 adhered to the inner glass plate 12, and a functional layer 135 disposed between these two adhesive layers 131, 132.
- the first adhesive layer 131 and the second adhesive layer 132 are not particularly limited as long as they are bonded to the glass plates 11 and 12 by fusion.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral resin
- ethylene vinyl acetate resin etc.
- the hardness of a polyvinyl acetal resin depends on (a) the polymerization degree of the starting polyvinyl alcohol, (b) the degree of acetalization, (c) the type of plasticizer, (d) the amount of the acetalization, and (e) the amount of the acetalization. ) This can be controlled by the amount of plasticizer added.
- the first adhesive layer 131 and the second adhesive layer 132 may be embossed on their surfaces before bonding to each glass plate 11, 12 in order to easily push out air when bonding to the functional layer 135 or when bonding to each glass plate 11, 12.
- the second adhesive layer 132 can be prepared separately at the time of manufacture, but can also be laminated in advance, for example, on the interior surface of the functional layer 135.
- the intermediate film 13 is manufactured by stacking two layers, the first adhesive layer 131 and the functional layer 135 with the second adhesive layer 132.
- the thickness of the first adhesive layer 131 and the second adhesive layer 132 is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 0.001 to 2.0 mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mm. However, the thicknesses of both adhesive layers 131, 132 may be the same or different. For example, as described above, when the second adhesive layer 132 is laminated on the functional layer 135 in advance, the thickness of the second adhesive layer 132 can be 0.001 to 0.100 mm.
- the total thickness of both adhesive layers 131, 132 is preferably 0.76 mm or more. This is to ensure the windshield has the penetration resistance, for example, as specified in JIS R3211 and R3212.
- the thickness of at least one of the adhesive layers 131, 132 is 0.9 mm or more, more preferably 1.1 mm or more, and even more preferably 2.0 mm or more.
- the thickness of the first adhesive layer 131 can be 1.1 ⁇ m or more
- the thickness of the second adhesive layer 132 can be 25 ⁇ m or more. This allows the first adhesive layer 131 to absorb any impact from outside the vehicle, and prevents the inner glass sheet 12 from detaching from the intermediate film 13 and scattering inside the vehicle.
- the thickness of the intermediate film 13 is preferably 10.0 mm or less.
- Films having various functions can be used depending on the application as the functional layer 135.
- known heat-shielding films, heat-generating films, projection films, light-emitting films, antenna films, sound-shielding films, light-adjusting films, etc. can be used.
- the heat-shielding film is a film that is designed to mainly reflect or absorb infrared rays in order to prevent the temperature from rising inside the vehicle.
- a known infrared-reflecting film IR-reflecting film
- IR-reflecting film that mainly reflects infrared rays can be used to prevent the temperature from rising inside the vehicle.
- the heat generating film is used to remove fog or melt ice, and can be made of a base film that supports multiple thin wires that generate heat when a voltage is applied.
- the projection film projects information using light emitted from the head-up display device.
- the projection film is not particularly limited as long as it has a refractive index different from that of both adhesive layers 131, 132 and is a film that reflects light.
- the size of the projection film is not particularly limited, but it is preferably larger than the area onto which the information is projected.
- the light-emitting film has built-in LEDs and emits light that indicates specified characters, figures, etc.
- Antenna films like heat generating films, are films in which antennas for FM, AM, DTV, DAB, etc. are arranged on a base film. Note that the above are examples of functional layer 133 and are not limited to these.
- the soundproofing film can be made up of three layers, with a soft core layer of low rigidity sandwiched between a pair of skin layers (also called outer layers) of higher rigidity.
- a soft core layer of low rigidity sandwiched between a pair of skin layers (also called outer layers) of higher rigidity.
- it is not limited to this configuration, and it may be made up of multiple layers with a soft core layer.
- it can be made up of two layers including a core layer (one core layer and one skin layer), or an odd number of layers of five or more layers arranged at the center of the core layer (one core layer and four skin layers), or an even number of layers including a core layer on the inside (one core layer and the other layers are skin layers).
- the material can be selected based on the Young's modulus.
- the Young's modulus of the core layer is 1 MPa or more and 25 MPa or less at a frequency of 100 Hz and a temperature of 20 degrees.
- the upper limit is preferably 20 MPa or less, more preferably 16 MPa or less, and especially preferably 10 MPa or less.
- a Metravib solid viscoelasticity measuring device DMA 50 can be used to perform frequency dispersion measurement at a strain of 0.05%.
- Young's modulus refers to the value measured by the above method. However, when the frequency is 200 Hz or less, the actual measured value is used, but when it is greater than 200 Hz, a calculated value based on the actual measured value is used. This calculated value is based on a master curve calculated from the actual measured value using the WLF method.
- the Young's modulus of the skin layer is not particularly limited as long as it is greater than that of the core layer.
- the Young's modulus is preferably 400 MPa or more, 440 MPa or more, 560 MPa or more, 650 MPa or more, 1300 MPa or more, and 1764 MPa or more, in that order.
- the upper limit of the Young's modulus of the skin layer is not particularly limited.
- the Young's modulus of the skin layer on the outer glass sheet 11 side is preferable to make the Young's modulus of the skin layer on the inner glass sheet 12 side.
- the Young's modulus between the core layer and the skin layer shocks due to impacts from outside the vehicle can be absorbed, and impact resistance can be improved.
- the materials constituting the core layer and skin layer are not particularly limited, but must be materials that can at least provide a Young's modulus in the range described above, and resin materials can be used, for example.
- the skin layer can be made of polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB). Polyvinyl butyral resin is preferable because it has excellent adhesion to each glass plate and penetration resistance.
- the core layer can be made of ethylene vinyl acetate resin (EVA) or polyvinyl acetal resin, which is softer than the polyvinyl butyral resin constituting the skin layer.
- such a soundproofing film can also be used as the first adhesive layer 131 or the second adhesive layer 132.
- the above-mentioned soundproofing film having a thickness of 760 ⁇ m or more can be used as the first adhesive layer 131.
- the soundproofing film is composed of multiple layers, and the core layer is soft, which makes it possible to absorb impacts from outside the vehicle and to prevent the inner glass sheet 12 from detaching from the intermediate film 13 and scattering inside the vehicle.
- Light-control films have the property that the light transmittance changes when a voltage is applied. This makes it possible to change the transparency and colorability.
- Light-control films contain, for example, an electrochromic compound and a metal alkoxy compound. By containing a metal alkoxy compound, the film has excellent adhesion to conductive films.
- the thickness of the film constituting the functional layer 133 as described above is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 0.01 to 2.0 mm, and more preferably 0.03 to 0.6 mm.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the peripheral edge face of the film is preferably 2.0 mm. This is because if the thickness of the edge face of the film is large, the functional layer 133 will be smaller than both adhesive layers 131, 132, creating a step in the intermediate film 13, and this step may cause air to become trapped and create bubbles when the intermediate film 13 is sandwiched between the two glass plates 11, 12.
- a film or device having functions such as infrared reflection, light emission, power generation, light control, visible light reflection, scattering, decoration, absorption, electric heat, etc. may be provided within the range that does not impair the effect of this embodiment described below.
- a film having functions such as anti-fogging, water repellency, heat insulation, low reflection, etc. may be disposed on the surface of at least one of the glass plates 11, 12.
- the mask layer 110 is laminated on the inner surface (inner surface of the inner glass sheet 12) 130 of the laminated glass 10 on the vehicle interior side, and is formed along the peripheral portion of the laminated glass 10.
- the mask layer 110 can be divided into a peripheral region 111 along the peripheral portion of the laminated glass 10 and a protruding region 112 protruding downward in a rectangular shape from the upper side of the laminated glass 10.
- the peripheral region 111 blocks the incidence of light from the peripheral portion of the windshield.
- the functional layer 135 is smaller than the glass sheets 11 and 12
- the peripheral portion can be hidden by the peripheral region 111.
- the protruding region 112 prevents the imaging device 2 arranged in the vehicle from being seen from outside the vehicle.
- a rectangular imaging window 113 is provided in the protruding region 112 of the mask layer 110 at a position corresponding to the imaging device 2 so that the imaging device 2 can capture the situation outside the vehicle.
- the mask layer 110 can also be laminated, for example, on the inner surface of the outer glass plate 11 and the outer surface of the inner glass plate 12. It can also be laminated in two places, on the inner surface of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner surface of the inner glass plate 12.
- the material of the mask layer 110 may be appropriately selected depending on the embodiment as long as it is capable of blocking the view from outside the vehicle.
- a dark colored ceramic such as black, brown, gray, or dark blue may be used.
- black ceramic is selected as the material for the mask layer 110
- black ceramic is laminated on the periphery of the inner surface 130 of the inner glass plate 12 by screen printing or the like, and the laminated ceramic is heated together with the inner glass plate 12. This allows the mask layer 110 to be formed on the periphery of the inner glass plate 12. Furthermore, when printing the black ceramic, an area is provided where the black ceramic is not printed. This allows the imaging window 113 to be formed.
- various materials can be used as the ceramic for the mask layer 110. For example, ceramics having the composition shown in Table 1 below can be used for the mask layer 110.
- Main components copper oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide and manganese oxide *2, Main components: bismuth borosilicate, zinc borosilicate
- FIG. 4 illustrates an example of the configuration of the in-vehicle system 5.
- the in-vehicle system 5 includes the image capturing device 2 and an image processing device 3 connected to the image capturing device 2.
- the image processing device 3 is a device that processes the captured images acquired by the imaging device 2.
- the image processing device 3 has, for example, general hardware such as a memory unit 31, a control unit 32, and an input/output unit 33, which are connected by a bus, as a hardware configuration.
- general hardware such as a memory unit 31, a control unit 32, and an input/output unit 33, which are connected by a bus, as a hardware configuration.
- the hardware configuration of the image processing device 3 does not need to be limited to this example, and components can be added, omitted, or added to the specific hardware configuration of the image processing device 3 as appropriate depending on the embodiment.
- the memory unit 31 stores various data and programs used in the processes executed by the control unit 32 (not shown).
- the memory unit 31 may be realized, for example, by a hard disk or a recording medium such as a USB memory. Furthermore, the various data and programs stored in the memory unit 31 may be obtained from a recording medium such as a CD (Compact Disc) or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc). Furthermore, the memory unit 31 may be called an auxiliary storage device.
- the laminated glass 10 is arranged at an angle to the vertical direction and is curved.
- the image capture device 2 captures the situation outside the vehicle through the laminated glass 10. Therefore, the captured image captured by the image capture device 2 is deformed according to the attitude, shape, refractive index, optical defects, etc. of the laminated glass 10.
- the memory unit 31 may store correction data for correcting images deformed by the aberration of the laminated glass 10 and the camera lens.
- the control unit 32 has one or more processors, such as a microprocessor or a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and peripheral circuits (ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), interface circuits, etc.) used for the processing of this processor.
- processors such as a microprocessor or a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and peripheral circuits (ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), interface circuits, etc.) used for the processing of this processor.
- the ROM, RAM, etc. may be called main memory devices in the sense that they are arranged in the address space handled by the processor in the control unit 32.
- the control unit 32 functions as an image processing unit 321 by executing various data and programs stored in the memory unit 31.
- the image processing unit 321 processes the captured image acquired by the image capture device 2.
- the processing of the captured image can be appropriately selected according to the embodiment.
- the image processing unit 321 may recognize the subject appearing in the captured image by analyzing the captured image using pattern matching or the like.
- the image processing unit 321 may further determine whether or not a living being such as a human is captured in front of the vehicle based on the subject recognition. If a person is captured in front of the vehicle, the image processing unit 321 may output a warning message in a predetermined manner. Also, for example, the image processing unit 321 may perform a predetermined processing process on the captured image.
- the image processing unit 321 may then output the processed captured image to a display device (not shown) such as a display connected to the image processing device 3.
- the input/output unit 33 is one or more interfaces for transmitting and receiving data to and from devices external to the image processing device 3.
- the input/output unit 33 is, for example, an interface for connecting to a user interface, or an interface such as a USB (Universal Serial Bus).
- the image processing device 3 connects to the photographing device 2 via the input/output unit 33, and acquires images photographed by the photographing device 2.
- Such an image processing device 3 may be a device designed specifically for the service to be provided, or a general-purpose device such as a PC (Personal Computer) or tablet terminal.
- a PC Personal Computer
- the information acquisition device is attached to a bracket (not shown), and this bracket is attached to the mask layer 110. Therefore, in this state, the attachment of the information acquisition device to the bracket and the attachment of the bracket to the mask layer are adjusted so that the optical axis of the camera of the information acquisition device passes through the photographing window 113. Also, a cover (not shown) is attached to the bracket so as to cover the photographing device 2. Therefore, the photographing device 2 is disposed in a space surrounded by the laminated glass 10, the bracket, and the cover, and is not visible from the inside of the vehicle, and only a part of the photographing device 2 is visible from the outside of the vehicle through the photographing window 113.
- the photographing device 2 and the above-mentioned input/output unit 33 are connected by a cable (not shown), which is pulled out from the cover and connected to the image processing device 3 disposed at a predetermined position inside the vehicle.
- Windshield manufacturing method> Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the windshield configured as described above will be described. First, a method for manufacturing the laminated glass 10 will be described.
- the above-mentioned mask layer 110 is laminated on at least one of the flat outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12.
- these glass plates 11, 12 are shaped so as to be curved.
- the shaping method is not particularly limited, and any known method can be used.
- the flat glass plate can be shaped into a curved shape by passing through a heating furnace and then pressing with an upper mold and a lower mold.
- the flat outer glass plate and the flat inner glass plate are stacked, placed on a frame-shaped forming die, and passed through a heating furnace. This causes both glass plates to soften and be shaped into a curved shape by their own weight.
- the above-mentioned intermediate film 13 is sandwiched between the outer glass sheet 11 and the inner glass sheet 12, placed in a rubber bag, and pre-bonded at approximately 70 to 110°C while applying reduced pressure.
- Other methods of pre-bonding are also possible.
- the intermediate film 13 is sandwiched between the outer glass sheet 11 and the inner glass sheet 12 and heated in an oven at 45 to 65°C.
- the laminated glass is then pressed with a roll at 0.45 to 0.55 MPa.
- the laminated glass is heated again in an oven at 80 to 105°C, and then pressed again with a roll at 0.45 to 0.55 MPa. In this way, the pre-bonding is completed.
- the pre-bonded laminated glass is subjected to the actual bonding in an autoclave, for example, at 8 to 15 atmospheres and 100 to 150°C.
- the actual bonding can be performed, for example, under conditions of 14 atmospheres and 145°C. In this way, the laminated glass 10 according to this embodiment is manufactured.
- the shape of the mask layer 110 is merely an example, and the configuration is not particularly limited, and the shape can be appropriately changed depending on the equipment to be provided.
- the photographing window 113 is formed in the mask layer 110 and the photographing device 2 is disposed therein, but such a photographing window 113 and photographing device 2 do not necessarily have to be provided.
- the above-mentioned sound-proofing film was used as the first adhesive layer (exterior adhesive layer).
- a sound-proofing film having a core layer with a low Young's modulus and a pair of skin layers with a high Young's modulus was used.
- the first adhesive layer was composed of a single-layer film.
- an infrared reflective film was used as the functional layer, and in Example 17, an electrochromic sheet was used.
- the core layer was made of ethylene vinyl acetate resin (EVA), and the skin layer was made of polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB).
- the second adhesive layer (the adhesive layer on the inside of the vehicle) was also made of polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB).
- Example 2 peeling of the functional film is prevented by making the glass sheet on the outside of the vehicle thicker.
- the glass sheet on the inside of the vehicle is made thinner to reduce weight, while the glass sheet on the outside of the vehicle is made thicker to prevent the inner glass sheet from peeling off from the interlayer.
- the thickness of the first adhesive layer is set to 0.9 mm or more, which prevents the inner glass sheet from peeling off from the interlayer.
- a sound-insulating film with a thick core layer is used as the first adhesive layer to prevent the inner glass sheet from peeling off from the interlayer.
- a soundproofing film with a low Young's modulus for the core layer and a high Young's modulus for the skin layer is used as the first adhesive layer.
- Example 16 a soundproofing film with a thick core layer is used as the first adhesive layer.
- a soundproofing film with a thick core layer is used as the first adhesive layer.
- Example 17 an electrochromic film was used as the functional layer. The same effect was observed when using such a film.
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Abstract
Description
前記内側ガラス板と対向して配置され、車外側に配置される外側ガラス板と、
前記外側ガラス板と内側ガラス板とを接着する中間膜と、
を備え、
前記中間膜は、機能層を備え、
車外側からの衝撃に対する耐衝撃性を有する、ウインドシールド。
車内側に配置される内側ガラス板と、
前記内側ガラス板と対向して配置され、車外側に配置される外側ガラス板と、
前記外側ガラス板と内側ガラス板とを接着する中間膜と、
を備え、
前記中間膜は、機能層を備え、
車外側からの衝撃に対する耐衝撃性を有する、ウインドシールド。
前記機能層と、
前記機能層よりも前記外側ガラス板側に配置される第1接着層と、
前記機能層よりも前記内側ガラス板側に配置される第2接着層と、
を備え、
前記第1接着層の厚みが、0.9mm以上である、項1に記載のウインドシールド。
前記機能層と、
前記機能層よりも前記外側ガラス板側に配置される第1接着層と、
前記機能層よりも前記内側ガラス板側に配置される第2接着層と、
を備え、
前記第1接着層は、少なくとも、コア層と、前記コア層よりも剛性が高く、当該コア層を挟む一対のアウター層と、を備える、項1に記載のウインドシールド。
項3に記載のウインドシールド。
項3また4に記載のウインドシールド。
前記機能層と、
前記機能層よりも前記外側ガラス板側に配置される第1接着層と、
前記機能層よりも前記内側ガラス板側に配置される第2接着層と、
を備え、
前記外側ガラス板の厚みが2.3mm以上であり、前記内側ガラス板の厚みが2.0mm以下である、項1に記載のウインドシールド。
項2から6のいずれかに記載のウインドシールド。
<1-1.ガラス板>
まず、外側ガラス板11及び内側ガラス板12から説明する。外側ガラス板11及び内側ガラス板12は、公知のガラス板を用いることができ、熱線吸収ガラス、一般的なクリアガラス、グリーンガラス、ダークグリーンガラス、またはUVグリーンガラスで形成することもできる。但し、これらのガラス板11、12は、自動車が使用される国の安全規格に沿った可視光線透過率を実現する必要がある。例えば、外側ガラス板11により必要な日射吸収率を確保し、内側ガラス板12により可視光線透過率が安全規格を満たすように調整することができる。以下に、クリアガラス、熱線吸収ガラス、及びソーダ石灰系ガラスの一例を示す。
SiO2:70~73質量%
Al2O3:0.6~2.4質量%
CaO:7~12質量%
MgO:1.0~4.5質量%
R2O:13~15質量%(Rはアルカリ金属)
Fe2O3に換算した全酸化鉄(T-Fe2O3):0.08~0.14質量%
熱線吸収ガラスの組成は、例えば、クリアガラスの組成を基準として、Fe2O3に換算した全酸化鉄(T-Fe2O3)の比率を0.4~1.3質量%とし、CeO2の比率を0~2質量%とし、TiO2の比率を0~0.5質量%とし、ガラスの骨格成分(主に、SiO2やAl2O3)をT-Fe2O3、CeO2およびTiO2の増加分だけ減じた組成とすることができる。
SiO2:65~80質量%
Al2O3:0~5質量%
CaO:5~15質量%
MgO:2質量%以上
NaO:10~18質量%
K2O:0~5質量%
MgO+CaO:5~15質量%
Na2O+K2O:10~20質量%
SO3:0.05~0.3質量%
B2O3:0~5質量%
Fe2O3に換算した全酸化鉄(T-Fe2O3):0.02~0.03質量%
図3に示すように、第1態様の中間膜13は、外側ガラス板11に接着される透明の第1接着層131と、内側ガラス板12に接着される透明の第2接着層132と、これら両接着層131,132の間に配置される機能層135と、を備えている。
第1接着層131及び第2接着層132は、融着により各ガラス板11,12に接着されるものであれば、特には限定されないが、例えば、ポリビニルブチラール樹脂(PVB)、エチレンビニルアセテート樹脂(EVA)などによって形成することができる。一般に、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の硬度は、(a)出発物質であるポリビニルアルコールの重合度、(b)アセタール化度、(c)可塑剤の種類、(d)可塑剤の添加割合などにより制御することができる。
機能層135としては、用途に応じて、種々の機能を有するフィルムを用いることができる。例えば、公知の遮熱フィルム、発熱フィルム、投影フィルム、発光フィルム、アンテナ用フィルム、遮音フィルム、調光フィルムなどを用いることができる。
次に、マスク層110について説明する。図1及び図2に例示されるように、本実施形態では、マスク層110は、合わせガラス10の車内側の内面(内側ガラス板12の内面)130に積層され、合わせガラス10の周縁部に沿って形成されている。具体的には、図1に示すように、このマスク層110は、合わせガラス10の周縁部に沿う周縁領域111と、合わせガラス10の上辺部から下方に矩形状に突出した突出領域112とに分けることができる。周縁領域111は、ウインドシールドの周縁部からの光の入射を遮蔽する。また、機能層135が、ガラス板11,12よりも小さい場合には、その周縁部分を周縁領域111によって隠すことができる。一方、突出領域112は、車内に配置される撮影装置2を車外から見えないようにする。
*2,主成分:ホウケイ酸ビスマス、ホウケイ酸亜鉛
次に、図4を参照しつつ、撮影装置2及び画像処理装置3を備える車載システム5について説明する。図4は、車載システム5の構成を例示する。図4に示すように、本実施形態に係る車載システム5は、上記撮影装置2と、当該撮影装置2に接続される画像処理装置3と、を備えている。
次に、上記のように構成されたウインドシールドの製造方法の一例について説明する。まず、合わせガラス10の製造方法について説明する。
以上説明したウインドシールドによれば、耐衝撃性を向上することができる。すなわち、外部から衝撃を受けたとき、内側ガラス板12が中間膜から剥離した社内に散乱するのを抑制することができる。
以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない限りにおいて、種々の変更が可能である。なお、以下の変形例は適宜組み合わせることができる。
マスク層110の形状は、一例であり、構成は特には限定されず、設けられる機器などによって適宜形状を変更することができる。
上記実施形態では、マスク層110に撮影窓113を形成し、撮影装置2を配置しているが、このような撮影窓113や撮影装置2が設けられていなくてもよい。
11 外側ガラス板
12 内側ガラス板
13 中間膜
131 第1接着層
132 第2接着層
135 機能層
Claims (8)
- 車内側に配置される内側ガラス板と、
前記内側ガラス板と対向して配置され、車外側に配置される外側ガラス板と、
前記外側ガラス板と内側ガラス板とを接着する中間膜と、
を備え、
前記中間膜は、機能層を備え、
車外側からの衝撃に対する耐衝撃性を有する、ウインドシールド。 - 前記中間膜は、
前記機能層と、
前記機能層よりも前記外側ガラス板側に配置される第1接着層と、
前記機能層よりも前記内側ガラス板側に配置される第2接着層と、
を備え、
前記第1接着層の厚みが、0.9mm以上である、請求項1に記載のウインドシールド。 - 前記中間膜は、
前記機能層と、
前記機能層よりも前記外側ガラス板側に配置される第1接着層と、
前記機能層よりも前記内側ガラス板側に配置される第2接着層と、
を備え、
前記第1接着層は、少なくとも、コア層と、前記コア層よりも剛性が高く、当該コア層を挟む一対のアウター層と、を備える、請求項1に記載のウインドシールド。 - 前記コア層のヤング率は、周波数100Hz,温度20℃において、25MPa以下である、
請求項3に記載のウインドシールド。 - 前記アウター層のヤング率は、周波数100Hz,温度20℃において、560MPa以上である、
請求項3また4に記載のウインドシールド。 - 前記第1接着層の厚みは、0.76mm以上である、請求項3に記載のウインドシールド。
- 前記中間膜は、
前記機能層と、
前記機能層よりも前記外側ガラス板側に配置される第1接着層と、
前記機能層よりも前記内側ガラス板側に配置される第2接着層と、
を備え、
前記外側ガラス板の厚みが2.3mm以上であり、前記内側ガラス板の厚みが2.0mm以下である、請求項1に記載のウインドシールド。 - 前記外側ガラス板の厚みは、前記内側ガラス板厚みより大きい、
請求項2また3に記載のウインドシールド。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015168585A (ja) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-28 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
| WO2017065114A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-11 | 2017-04-20 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
| JP2019509957A (ja) * | 2015-12-30 | 2019-04-11 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | Oledスクリーンが組み込まれた自動車用グレージングパネルを製造する方法 |
| WO2021182640A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-09-16 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015168585A (ja) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-28 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
| WO2017065114A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-11 | 2017-04-20 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
| JP2019509957A (ja) * | 2015-12-30 | 2019-04-11 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | Oledスクリーンが組み込まれた自動車用グレージングパネルを製造する方法 |
| WO2021182640A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-09-16 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
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