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WO2024188710A1 - Additif pour ciment fabriqué à partir de vieux béton - Google Patents

Additif pour ciment fabriqué à partir de vieux béton Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024188710A1
WO2024188710A1 PCT/EP2024/055693 EP2024055693W WO2024188710A1 WO 2024188710 A1 WO2024188710 A1 WO 2024188710A1 EP 2024055693 W EP2024055693 W EP 2024055693W WO 2024188710 A1 WO2024188710 A1 WO 2024188710A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbonation
mill
mechanical activation
grinding
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/EP2024/055693
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sergej Ratzlaff
Oliver Maier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp AG
Thyssenkrupp Polysius GmbH
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp AG
Thyssenkrupp Polysius GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from LU503619A external-priority patent/LU503619B1/de
Priority claimed from LU103194A external-priority patent/LU103194B1/de
Priority claimed from DE102023123525.7A external-priority patent/DE102023123525A1/de
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp AG, Thyssenkrupp Polysius GmbH filed Critical ThyssenKrupp AG
Publication of WO2024188710A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024188710A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02—Treatment
    • C04B20/023—Chemical treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for safely binding carbon dioxide with old building materials, for example cement stone, and thus ensuring safe long-term storage and at the same time achieving activation in order to be able to use this material as a cement aggregate.
  • Activated clays have become established as an additive, particularly in the cement industry.
  • the current method is to dry and calcine the clays, i.e. to activate them thermally. This requires energy for heating, and the high temperature can also cause other changes in the material, which may be undesirable.
  • the thermal process also requires flue gas cleaning to separate the resulting nitrogen oxide and sulphur oxide emissions, etc. In addition, the thermal process will in future require the use of processes to separate and, if necessary, clean the carbon dioxide produced or released.
  • EP 3 909 682 A1 discloses a method and a roller mill for the thermomechanical activation of a clay mixture.
  • the object of the invention is to obtain a material of the highest possible quality from old concrete in order to bind carbon dioxide, particularly from the atmosphere, and to reduce the amount of clinker required for cement.
  • the method according to the invention is used for carbonation of mineral material such as old concrete, old cement brick and the like. Such methods are known from the prior art. On the one hand, carbon dioxide can be bound and emissions can be avoided. On the other hand, it has been found that the material produced in this way is well suited as a cement additive. Essential to the invention, the mineral material is not only carbonated, but also mechanically activated. It has been shown that the material carbonated and mechanically activated in this way is even more suitable as a cement additive. It is assumed that these two different methods have different positive effects on different components. change. Concrete and thus also old concrete and fractions produced from it, such as old cement brick, consist of different components.
  • hydrated cement which in simple terms consists of calcium silicate hydrates and calcium silicate aluminate hydrates, and quartz sand (SiO2).
  • the metal oxides such as CaO or MgO
  • CaCOs or MgCOs This assumption from the well-known carbonation of old concrete can be seen as a probable reaction.
  • a sand component for example SiO2
  • SiO2 can be changed by mechanical activation, for example towards silica gel, which in turn improves the setting properties and thus the suitability as a cement additive. Due to the complexity of the starting product, it is difficult to identify exactly the various activation mechanisms, but it has turned out that this combination results in a particularly suitable cement additive.
  • Old concrete, old cement bricks and the like can also contain components of bricks, clinker bricks or bricks, for example. On the one hand, these components are often difficult to separate during demolition. On the other hand, they are made from clays, which can also be mechanically activated.
  • old concrete, old cement brick and the like can also contain asbestos minerals, for example.
  • these are often contained in old building materials.
  • these are fundamentally crushed by mechanical activation and embedded in the matrix, so that they can be processed safely and thus disposed of sustainably.
  • the asbestos fibers can no longer be detected using an electron microscope after mechanical activation.
  • the method according to the invention is therefore also suitable for the sustainable disposal of asbestos.
  • Mechanical activation is an effect that occurs during grinding with a very high energy input.
  • three phases can be separated from each other.
  • the first phase is characterized by the particle size becoming smaller with increasing grinding energy. This is the normal grinding range in which all usual grinding processes. At the end of the first phase, a plateau is reached where additional grinding energy no longer changes the particle size. This phase of the grinding process is therefore avoided, as no additional profit can be achieved at higher costs. If more grinding energy is introduced, a third phase occurs in which the particle size actually increases again. This third phase is therefore avoided all the more, as it produces a poorer result for higher costs. However, it has been shown that in this third phase there is a change in chemical bonds, i.e. the material itself is changed.
  • Inert materials in particular such as SiO2
  • SiO2 can be changed in this way so that it is no longer just a very stable and regular crystal lattice, but has reactive centers via imperfections and defects.
  • One of the advantages is that this activation takes place (more or less) at room temperature and not, like the thermal activation of clays, at 800 °C to 1000 °C.
  • this has the advantage that iron centers, for example, are not oxidized to iron III, which happens during thermal activation and is undesirable due to the red discoloration. This is why mechanical activation is currently the focus of attention, especially for clays.
  • Mechanical activation means that grinding takes place in the third phase, i.e. with very high energy input.
  • the combination of carbonation and mechanical activation has proven to be particularly suitable for obtaining a particularly good cement additive.
  • a particularly good cement additive means that it can be used in particularly high proportions (with the same cement quality or the same properties of the concrete produced with it) and/or that other components can be replaced, for example and in particular clinker. This saves on the burning of clinker, which avoids both costs and carbon dioxide emissions.
  • the mechanical activation is carried out by grinding with an energy input per ton of mineral material of at least 300 kWh/1.
  • the mechanical activation is carried out by grinding with an energy input per ton of mineral material of at least 500 kWh/1.
  • the mechanical activation is carried out by grinding with an energy input per mill volume of at least 100 kW/m 3 , preferably of at least 200 kW/m 3 .
  • the material produced by the process has an activity index after 28 days according to DIN EN 450-1 of at least 85%.
  • the mechanical activation is carried out by grinding in a micromill.
  • the micromill is selected from the group comprising vibrating mills, planetary ball mills and agitator ball mills.
  • the micromill is particularly preferably an agitator ball mill. This type of mill has proven to be particularly suitable for achieving the necessary high energy inputs while at the same time being scalable to industrial scale.
  • the micromill is a stirred ball mill.
  • the micromill is filled with a grinding media filling level of 50 vol.% to 95 vol.%, preferably 60 vol.% to 70 vol.%.
  • the bulk volume of the grinding media is related to the grinding chamber volume of the micromill. Since the filling level is around 64% for a simple bed and only 74% for a dense ball packing, even with a theoretical grinding media filling level of 100% there is a corresponding free space, which can be taken up by the mineral material to be activated, for example. However, since the filling level of a grinding media bed depends very much on the shape and uniformity of the grinding media, it is practically easier to relate the grinding media filling level to the bulk volume and not to the actual (filled) volume.
  • an agitator ball mill with a length-to-diameter ratio of 2.5 to 5 is selected.
  • ceramic grinding media are selected.
  • grinding media with a diameter of 1 mm to 10 mm are selected.
  • the agitator ball mill is operated at a peripheral speed of 2 m/s to 6 m/s, preferably from 3 m/s to 5 m/s, particularly preferably from 3.5 m/s to 4.5 m/s.
  • the agitator ball mill is operated with a gas volume flow and a material flow.
  • the ratio of gas volume flow to material flow is set such that the ratio of gas volume flow to material flow is between 0.0001 m 3 /kg and 5 m 3 /kg, preferably between 0.1 m 3 /kg and 2 m 3 /kg.
  • the grinding takes place in a circuit. This means that the ground material coming out of the mill is fed back into the inlet of the mill.
  • a size-selective separation takes place in the circuit, for example with a sifter. The coarse fraction of the size-selective separation is fed back into the circuit and the fine fraction of the size-selective separation is discharged from the circuit.
  • the carbonation can be carried out using a carbonation process as known, for example, from the post-published DE 10 2022 132 073 or the post-published DE 10 2023 113 943.
  • the carbonation is carried out in a mechanical fluidized bed reactor. It has been shown that it is particularly a mechanical fluidized bed reactor results in a very advantageous change in the finely ground mineral raw material.
  • the relatively uniform size distribution of the agglomerated particles prevents both adhesion in a heat treatment device and the unwanted transfer of the product into the gas phase. The latter means that the product has to be filtered out of the exhaust gas flow and is thus practically circulated, which represents a burden on the overall process.
  • the mechanical fluidized bed reactor has a container arranged essentially horizontally.
  • a shaft is arranged centrally along the longitudinal axis of the container, with mixing tools arranged radially on the shaft.
  • these mixing tools can be rod-shaped and arranged vertically on the shaft.
  • the mixing tools are particularly preferably designed in the shape of a plowshare. Examples of plowshare-shaped mixing tools can be found, for example, in DE 27 29 477 C2 or DE 197 06 364 C2. Essentially horizontal in the sense of the invention is to be understood as in EP 0 500 561 B1.
  • the carbonation is carried out in a plowshare mixer, a twin-shaft batch mixer or an entrained flow reactor.
  • the carbonation is carried out in a separate step before the mechanical activation.
  • a drying step can be carried out between carbonation and mechanical activation.
  • Carbonation requires a water content, for example 10 to 20% by weight, so that the reaction takes place reliably and quickly.
  • a deagglomerator with a riser dryer can be arranged after carbonation so that the water previously required for carbonation is removed and any clumps that may have been created by the water are dissolved again.
  • the carbonation is carried out in a separate step after the mechanical activation.
  • the advantage of this design is the particularly fine material used for carbonation. Due to the already increased surface area, the optimized accessibility of pores and the increased reactivity through mechanical activation, carbonation can be carried out more easily and efficiently.
  • the surface is optimally prepared and reactive, so that the contact time / residence time is minimized and yet a very high to higher degree of carbonation can be achieved.
  • the carbonation is carried out in a mechanical fluidized bed reactor.
  • the mechanical fluidized bed reactor is selected with a Malawi-Froude number of 3 to 10. This achieves good mixing and fluidization of the fluidized bed, which in turn enables very good exchange between the carbon dioxide-containing gas phase and the solid.
  • the carbonation and the mechanical activation are carried out in a single step.
  • the grinding which causes the mechanical activation, takes place in a carbon dioxide-rich atmosphere.
  • the advantage is that only one device is required and thus space requirements are reduced. and time requirements are reduced.
  • the disadvantage is that the material is ground wet, which in turn means more mass in the mill and thus increases the energy input.
  • the activated mineral material is examined to determine the activation.
  • one or more methods are selected from the group comprising IR spectroscopy, RAMAN spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, heat flow calorimetry, thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy, particle size and/or particle shape analysis, NMR spectroscopy.
  • the energy introduced into the mill or the throughput through the mill can be adjusted.
  • the mineral material is moistened to a moisture content of 5 to 25% by weight, preferably 10 to 15% by weight, during carbonation.
  • Moisture measurement and/or re-moistening can also be provided during carbonation in order to prevent drying out and thus insufficient carbonation, but at the same time to keep the moisture content as low as possible. Since the product must be stored dry at the end, any water introduced must ultimately be removed again during the process, which costs effort and energy.
  • the invention relates to a device for carbonation and mechanical activation of mineral material such as old concrete, old cement brick and the like.
  • the device is preferably used to carry out the method according to the invention. With the device it is possible to produce a higher quality cement additive from old concrete and the like than is possible with conventional devices and methods.
  • the device has a high-energy mill for mechanical activation. This means that the device not only carbonates or mechanically activates, but that the device produces a new type of product which is both carbonated and mechanically activated.
  • the high-energy mill is a stirred ball mill.
  • a carbonation device is arranged in front of the high-energy mill.
  • a drying device is preferably arranged between the carbonation device and the high-energy mill.
  • the drying device is, for example, a riser dryer, preferably equipped with a deagglomerator. This allows the moisture required for carbonation to be removed in a simple manner.
  • the optional deagglomerator for example a beater mill, can efficiently break up clumps formed by the moisture, which simplifies the subsequent grinding.
  • a carbonation device is arranged after the high-energy mill.
  • an intermediate storage facility is arranged between the high-energy mill and the carbonation device. This embodiment is particularly preferred when the high-energy mill and/or the carbonation device operate discontinuously, i.e. in batch mode.
  • the carbonation device is a plowshare mixer, a twin-shaft batch mixer or an entrained flow reactor.
  • the mechanical fluidized bed reactor in the form of the plowshare mixer has a substantially horizontally arranged container.
  • a shaft is arranged centrally along the longitudinal axis of the container, with mixing tools arranged radially on the shaft.
  • these mixing tools can be rod-shaped and arranged vertically on the shaft.
  • the mixing tools are particularly preferably designed in the shape of a plowshare. Examples of plowshare-shaped mixing tools can be found, for example, in DE 27 29 477 C2 or DE 197 06 364 C2. In the sense of the invention, substantially horizontal is to be understood as in EP 0 500 561 B1.
  • the high-energy mill has a feed for carbon dioxide-containing gas.
  • the carbon dioxide-containing gas is therefore fed directly into the high-energy mill.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment in which carbonation is first followed by mechanical activation.
  • the old cement brick is in a first storage unit 40. From there it is introduced into a carbonation device 20, in particular a ploughshare mixer. Water is supplied via a water inlet 21 so that a moisture content of, for example, 20% by weight is set.
  • a carbon dioxide-containing gas is supplied via the CC inlet, which can be, for example, an exhaust gas from another process.
  • a mechanical fluidized bed is created inside the ploughshare mixer, so the solid is not pressed by a gas flow but by the Mixing tools swirl the mixture. This ensures good mixing and thus good contact between the moistened old cement brick and the CO2.
  • the carbonated product is fed to a drying device 30, while the CO2-depleted gas is released via the residual gas outlet 23.
  • the drying device 30 has a deagglomerator, a riser dryer and a separation cyclone at the bottom. Warm air is supplied at the bottom via the hot gas inlet, which is released again as humidified gas behind the separation cyclone through the humid gas outlet 32.
  • a further storage facility 40 is arranged behind the drying device 30. From the storage facility 40, the carbonated material passes into a high-energy mill 10, for example an agitator ball mill.
  • the agitator ball mill is operated with a grinding media filling level of 65%, with steel balls with a diameter of 4 mm being used as the grinding media.
  • the energy input is 350 kW / m 3 .
  • the agitator ball mill has a length-to-diameter ratio of 4 and is operated at a peripheral speed of 4 m/s.
  • the ratio of gas volume flow to material flow is 0.01 m 3 /kg.
  • the carbonated product activated in this way leaves the high-energy mill 10 via the product outlet.
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment in which mechanical activation and then carbonation take place first.
  • Old cement stone is fed from a storage unit 40 to a high-energy mill 10, for example an agitator ball mill.
  • the agitator ball mill is operated with a grinding media filling level of 65%, with steel balls with a diameter of 4 mm being used as the grinding media.
  • the energy input is 350 kW / m 3 .
  • the agitator ball mill has a length-to-diameter ratio of 4 and is operated at a peripheral speed of 4 m/s.
  • the ratio of gas volume flow to material flow is 0.01 m 3 /kg.
  • the mechanically activated material is transferred to a further storage unit 40.
  • the activated material is introduced into a carbonation device 20, in particular a ploughshare mixer.
  • Water is added via a water inlet 21 so that a moisture content of, for example, 20% by weight is set.
  • a gas containing carbon dioxide is added via the CC inlet, which can be, for example, an exhaust gas from another process.
  • a mechanical fluidized bed is created inside the plowshare mixer, so the solid is not swirled by a gas stream but by the mixing tools. This ensures good mixing and thus good contact between the moistened old cement block and the CO2.
  • the carbonated product is removed via the product outlet 11.
  • Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment in which carbonation and mechanical activation take place simultaneously.
  • Old cement stone is fed from a storage facility 40 to a high-energy mill 10, for example an agitator ball mill.
  • the agitator ball mill is operated with a grinding media filling level of 65%, with steel balls with a diameter of 4 mm being used as the grinding media.
  • the energy input is 350 kW / m 3 .
  • the agitator ball mill has a length-to-diameter ratio of 4 and is operated at a peripheral speed of 4 m/s.
  • the ratio of gas volume flow to material flow is 0.01 m 3 /kg.
  • the gas flow fed in via the CC inlet 22 contains CO 2 , for example exhaust gas. Water is fed in via the water inlet 22 to set a moisture content of 20 wt. %.
  • the CO2-depleted residual gas is discharged via the residual gas outlet and the finished mechanically activated and carbonated product is removed via the product outlet 11.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de traitement d'un matériau minéral tel que du vieux béton, une ancienne pâte de ciment durcie et analogue, le matériau minéral étant carbonaté et activé mécaniquement.
PCT/EP2024/055693 2023-03-13 2024-03-05 Additif pour ciment fabriqué à partir de vieux béton Pending WO2024188710A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU503619A LU503619B1 (de) 2023-03-13 2023-03-13 Mechanische Aktivierung von Tonen
LULU503619 2023-03-13
DE202023103367.9 2023-03-13
DE202023103367 2023-03-13
LU103194A LU103194B1 (de) 2023-03-13 2023-08-31 Zementzusatzstoff aus Altbeton
DE102023123525.7A DE102023123525A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2023-08-31 Zementzusatzstoff aus Altbeton
LULU103194 2023-08-31
DE102023123525.7 2023-08-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024188710A1 true WO2024188710A1 (fr) 2024-09-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2024/055693 Pending WO2024188710A1 (fr) 2023-03-13 2024-03-05 Additif pour ciment fabriqué à partir de vieux béton

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WO (1) WO2024188710A1 (fr)

Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2729477C2 (fr) 1977-06-30 1991-03-07 Gebrueder Loedige Maschinenbau Gmbh, 4790 Paderborn, De
EP0500561B1 (fr) 1989-10-24 1994-07-06 Gebr. Lödige Maschinenbau Gesellschaft mbH Procede et dispositif pour l'agitation e le traitement thermique de particules solides
DE19706364C2 (de) 1997-02-19 1999-06-17 Loedige Maschbau Gmbh Geb Mischwerkzeug
EP2683487A2 (fr) * 2011-03-11 2014-01-15 Willy A. Bachofen AG Broyeur à billes agité
CN205323890U (zh) * 2016-01-08 2016-06-22 太原科技大学 行星高能球磨机
DE102015106109A1 (de) 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Zoz Gmbh Verfahren zur tribochemischen Aktivierung von Bindemitteln und Zusatzstoffen
WO2017008863A1 (fr) 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Loesche Gmbh Procédé et ensemble de systèmes de préparation et d'activation d'une matière première
WO2020058247A1 (fr) 2018-09-20 2020-03-26 Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag Procédé et système pour traiter un matériau qui contient du ciment
EP3656750A2 (fr) 2020-03-24 2020-05-27 HeidelbergCement AG Utilisation du dioxyde de carbone provenant du ciment et pour ce dernier
EP3909682A1 (fr) 2020-05-14 2021-11-17 Gebr. Pfeiffer SE Procédé et broyeur à rouleaux permettant l'activation thermomécanique d'un mélange d'argiles
US20220212992A1 (en) * 2019-05-28 2022-07-07 Hconnect 2 Gmbh Improved process and device for carbonating concrete waste and/or sequestering co2
DE102022132073A1 (de) 2022-12-02 2024-06-13 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur effizienten Reduktion von Kohlendioxidemissionen
DE102023106217A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 Celitement GmbH & Co. KG Mechanische Aktivierung von Tonen
DE102023106221A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 Celitement GmbH & Co. KG Kombinierte mechanische und thermische Aktivierung von Tonen
DE102023106210A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 Celitement GmbH & Co. KG Mechanische Aktivierung von Tonen
DE102023113943A1 (de) 2023-05-26 2024-11-28 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur effizienten Reduktion von Kohlendioxidemissionen

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2729477C2 (fr) 1977-06-30 1991-03-07 Gebrueder Loedige Maschinenbau Gmbh, 4790 Paderborn, De
EP0500561B1 (fr) 1989-10-24 1994-07-06 Gebr. Lödige Maschinenbau Gesellschaft mbH Procede et dispositif pour l'agitation e le traitement thermique de particules solides
DE19706364C2 (de) 1997-02-19 1999-06-17 Loedige Maschbau Gmbh Geb Mischwerkzeug
EP2683487A2 (fr) * 2011-03-11 2014-01-15 Willy A. Bachofen AG Broyeur à billes agité
DE102015106109A1 (de) 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Zoz Gmbh Verfahren zur tribochemischen Aktivierung von Bindemitteln und Zusatzstoffen
WO2017008863A1 (fr) 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Loesche Gmbh Procédé et ensemble de systèmes de préparation et d'activation d'une matière première
CN205323890U (zh) * 2016-01-08 2016-06-22 太原科技大学 行星高能球磨机
WO2020058247A1 (fr) 2018-09-20 2020-03-26 Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag Procédé et système pour traiter un matériau qui contient du ciment
US20220212992A1 (en) * 2019-05-28 2022-07-07 Hconnect 2 Gmbh Improved process and device for carbonating concrete waste and/or sequestering co2
EP3656750A2 (fr) 2020-03-24 2020-05-27 HeidelbergCement AG Utilisation du dioxyde de carbone provenant du ciment et pour ce dernier
EP3909682A1 (fr) 2020-05-14 2021-11-17 Gebr. Pfeiffer SE Procédé et broyeur à rouleaux permettant l'activation thermomécanique d'un mélange d'argiles
DE102022132073A1 (de) 2022-12-02 2024-06-13 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur effizienten Reduktion von Kohlendioxidemissionen
DE102023106217A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 Celitement GmbH & Co. KG Mechanische Aktivierung von Tonen
DE102023106221A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 Celitement GmbH & Co. KG Kombinierte mechanische und thermische Aktivierung von Tonen
DE102023106210A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 Celitement GmbH & Co. KG Mechanische Aktivierung von Tonen
DE102023113943A1 (de) 2023-05-26 2024-11-28 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur effizienten Reduktion von Kohlendioxidemissionen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
PROSEK ZDENEK ET AL: "RECYCLING AND ITS USE IN CONCRETE WASTE PROCESSING BY HIGH-SPEED MILLING", ACTA POLYTECHNICA CTU PROCEEDINGS, vol. 21, 21 March 2019 (2019-03-21), pages 28 - 32, XP093133441, ISSN: 2336-5382, [retrieved on 20240221], DOI: 10.14311/APP.2019.21.0028 *

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