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WO2024186764A1 - Composition désinfectante, procédés et utilisations associés - Google Patents

Composition désinfectante, procédés et utilisations associés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024186764A1
WO2024186764A1 PCT/US2024/018403 US2024018403W WO2024186764A1 WO 2024186764 A1 WO2024186764 A1 WO 2024186764A1 US 2024018403 W US2024018403 W US 2024018403W WO 2024186764 A1 WO2024186764 A1 WO 2024186764A1
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Prior art keywords
composition
acid
sanitizing
seed
coordinating compound
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PCT/US2024/018403
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English (en)
Inventor
William Scott COMPEL
Nicholas J. Colella
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Aems Corp
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Aems Corp
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids

Definitions

  • Sprouts are a common vehicle for foodbome illness due to inadequate disinfection techniques used on sprout seeds. Sprouts have been, and continue to be, the source of bacterial outbreaks of E. colt and Salmonella, among others. A reason for such outbreaks is that the seed germination process occurs in warm, humid environments that are ideal for growth of bacteria. Thus, disinfectants are used to attempt to reduce bacterial contamination and ultimately foodbome illness. Industry standard techniques use chlorine-based disinfectants on sprout seeds, often by a soaking step in a bath prior to commencing germination process steps.
  • a sanitizing composition that includes a sanitizing additive, a coordinating compound, and at least one co-coordinating compound.
  • the sanitizing composition is a solid or has a viscosity of at least 1,000 cP
  • a composition including a seed and the sanitizing composition is also provided.
  • embodiments disclosed herein relate to a method of preparing a coated seed that includes adding a seed to a sanitizing composition including a sanitizing additive, at least one co-coordinating compound, and water, and then removing at least a portion of the water from a coated seed composition.
  • the coated seed composition is a solid or has a viscosity of at least 1 ,000 cP
  • inventions disclosed herein relate to a seed delivery composition including a plurality of seeds encapsulated in the delivery composition.
  • the delivery composition includes a coordinating compound, at least one co-coordinating compound, and water.
  • the delivery composition is a solid or has a viscosity of at least 1,000 cP.
  • embodiments disclosed herein relate to a seed sanitizing composition that includes a plurality of seeds and a sanitizer, and has a viscosity ranging from 1,000 to 1,000,000 or is a solid.
  • FIG. 1 is a phase diagram of a ternary composition system according to one or more embodiments.
  • FIG. 2 is a series of phase diagrams of quaternary systems in accordance with one or more embodiments.
  • FIG. 3 is a plot showing antimicrobial activity of compositions in accordance with one or more embodiments.
  • FIG. 4 is a plot showing bacterial reduction of compositions in accordance with one or more embodiments.
  • FIG. 5A is a plot showing germination rate of compositions in accordance with one or more embodiments.
  • FIG. 5B is a plot showing sprout yield compositions in accordance with one or more embodiments.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure are generally directed to sanitizing compositions, seed sanitizing and/or delivery compositions, and methods thereof, including methods of preparing sanitizing compositions, seed compositions, and coated seed(s), and sanitizing substrates such as seed(s).
  • inventions disclosed herein relate to a sanitizing composition.
  • the sanitizing composition includes a sanitizing additive, a coordinating compound, and at least one co-coordinating compound.
  • the sanitizing composition in accordance with the present disclosure effectively reduces pathogens on substrates such as sprout seed casings without the use of caustic disinfectants, as is the industry standard.
  • the composition is water-soluble and readily removable from seeds, resulting in sprouts that are safe for human consumption.
  • the sanitizing composition is also a versatile composition that can include a variety of beneficial additives in addition to a sanitizer.
  • the sanitizing composition includes a sanitizing additive.
  • the sanitizing additive of one or more embodiments functions as a sanitizer to treat bacteria, fungi, and/or viruses that may be present on, inside, or near a seed casing. Such pathogens can be dangerous and detrimental to human health if not properly treated.
  • the sanitizing additive may be safe for human consumption when used in the amounts provided in the sanitizing composition and in accordance with the methods described herein.
  • some of the sanitizing additives are sourced from food ingredients. As such, the sanitizing composition may be useful in agricultural applications, among others.
  • Organic acids may be particularly suitable as sanitizing additives in the compositions disclosed herein.
  • suitable organic acids include, but are not limited to, acetic acid, adipic acid, aspartic acid, caprylic acid, citric acid, dehydroacetic acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, propionic acid, pyruvic acid, sodium diacetate, succinic acid, tartaric acid, among others.
  • metal salts may be suitable as sanitizing additives.
  • suitable metals salts include, but are not limited to, silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ), copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO 4 5H 2 O), sodium chloride, bismuth salts, and zinc salts (e.g., zinc sulfate, zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc chloride).
  • suitable sanitizers include but are not limited to nisin, pediocin, and ethyl lauroyl arginate.
  • the composition includes a sufficient amount of sanitizing additive to achieve the sanitizing properties described above.
  • the sanitizing composition includes from 10 to 90 mol% of the sanitizing additive, based on the total molar amount of the sanitizing additive, the coordinating compound and the cocoordinating compound.
  • the sanitizing additive may be included in an amount having a lower limit of any one of 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 40, 42, 45, 47, 50, 52, 55, 57, and 60 mol% based on the total weight of the sanitizing composition and an upper limit of any one of 30, 32, 35, 37, 40, 42, 45, 47, 50, 52, 55, 57, 60, 62, 65, 67, 70, 72, 75, 77, 80, 82, 85, 87 and 90 mol% based on the total weight of the sanitizing composition, where any lower limit may be paired with any mathematically compatible upper limit.
  • the sanitizing composition also includes a coordinating compound and at least one co-coordinating compound.
  • a “coordinating compound” is a chemical compound (e.g., a molecule or a salt) that is capable of forming noncovalent molecular interactions with the sanitizing additive as described above and/or a co-coordinating compound as described below.
  • the molecular interactions may be dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and/or hydrogen bonding, among others.
  • the sanitizing additive, the coordinating compound and the co-coordinating compound generally do not form chemical bonds (i.e., covalent bonds) with each other.
  • the sanitizing composition While there may be some minimal side reactions (e.g., oxidation or formation of dithiols), the sanitizing composition includes components that do not react to form chemical bonds with each other.
  • the molecular interactions in the composition lead to advantageous properties.
  • the sanitizing composition when in the solid state, is amorphous, not crystalline.
  • the amorphous nature of the sanitizing composition may, for example, improve the solubility of the composition which is particularly advantageous for seed germination purposes.
  • the sanitizing additive, coordinating compound and co-coordinating compound may be selected based on their ability to form the previously described molecular interactions with one another.
  • compositions described herein may be described as promiscuous compounds, meaning they have properties enabling their ability to form the molecular interactions.
  • Properties that affect the promiscuity of each of the sanitizing additive, coordinating compound and co-coordinating compound include, but are not limited to, the polar surface area, the number of functional groups available for participating in molecular interactions, the different types of functional groups available for participating in molecular interactions, the size of the compound, and the flexibility/rigidity of the compound.
  • arginine is a highly promiscuous molecule that is well suited to form stable compositions described herein. It is a molecule that includes 6 functional groups capable of forming the aforementioned molecular interactions with other compounds. Additionally, it has 5 unique functional groups providing diversity in the bonding environment. Finally, it is a flexible molecule making it further amenable to adopting different configurations in order to participate in more molecular interactions.
  • citric acid is a relatively small, flexible molecule capable of adopting various configurations. It includes 7 functional groups, however, has less diversity of functional groups. Specifically, citric acid includes carboxyl and hydroxyl groups (where the carboxyl groups can be considered as two functional groups, a hydroxide and a carbonyl). Thus, citric acid, while also a highly promiscuous molecule, is not as promiscuous as arginine.
  • compositions are able to achieve desired physical and mechanical properties (e.g., amorphous, solid and/or highly viscous).
  • desired physical and mechanical properties e.g., amorphous, solid and/or highly viscous.
  • every molecule in the composition does not have to be a highly promiscuous compound as described above.
  • at least one compound in the composition should have promiscuous properties, meaning it can form a relatively large number of interactions with other compounds.
  • the other compounds may be less promiscuous and simply be able to form the necessary interaction with the promiscuous compound present. This combination of compounds allows for the formation of a stable, amorphous solid when desired.
  • the coordinating compound may be selected from the group consisting of citric acid, arginine, histidine, glutathione, urea, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamate monosodium, thiomalic acid, citrulline, ascorbic acid, y-aminobutyric acid, malic acid, N.N'-dimethylurea, nucleic acids, cytosine, adenine, guanine, thymine, uracil, sugars (e.g., sucrose, glucose, fructose, galactose, lactose, maltose, trehalose), amino acids (e.g., lysine, aspartic acid, serine, threonine, asparagine, glutamine, selenocysteine, glycine, proline), and combinations thereof
  • the sanitizing additive and the coordinating compound may be the same or different.
  • the co-coordinating compound of one or more embodiments may be an organic molecule or a metal salt In embodiments in which an organic molecule is the cocoordinating compound, it may be the same as or different from the coordinating compound.
  • organic molecule co-coordinating compound examples include citric acid, arginine, histidine, glutathione, urea, cystine, glutamic acid, thiomalic acid, iminodiacetic acid, citrulline, ascorbic acid, y-aminobutyric acid, malic acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid, N.N'-dimethylurea, and combinations thereof.
  • Examples of a metal salt co-coordinating compound include but are not limited to salts of Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, Sn, Pb, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Bi, and Ra.
  • the salts may be acetates, nitrates, halides, sulfates, phosphates, carbonates, chlorates/perchlorates/hypochlorites, or nitrides/hydrides of these metals and may be hydrates of the salts as appropriate.
  • suitable metal salts include, but are not limited to, AICI3 6H 2 O, CrC l3 6H 2 O, MnC I2 4H 2 O, FeC l3 6H 2 O, COC I2 6H 2 O, NiC I2 6H 2 O, CuC I2 2H 2 O, CUSO 4 5H 2 O, ZnC I2 , Zn(NO 3 ) 2 -6H 2 O, Zn(OAc)2-2H 2 O, AgNO 3 , AgC l3 6H 2 O, SnCl 2 -2H 2 O, andPbC I2 .
  • the coordinating compound and the co-coordinating compound may be included in the composition in a combined amount of the coordinating compound and the cocoordinating compound ranging from 10 mol% to 90 mol%, based on the total molar amount of the sanitizing additive, the coordinating compound and the co-coordinating compound.
  • the combined amount of the coordinating compound and the co-coordinating compound may have a lower limit of any one of 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 40, 42, 45, 47, 50, 52, 55, 57, and 60 mol% and an upper limit of any one of 30, 32, 35, 37, 40, 42, 45, 47, 50, 52, 55, 57, 60, 62, 65, 67, 70, 72, 75, 77, 80, 82, 85, 87 and 90 mol% based on the total weight of the sanitizing composition, where any lower limit may be paired with any mathematically compatible upper limit.
  • the coordinating compound and the co-coordinating compound may be present in a molar ratio ranging from 1 :8 to 8: 1 of the coordinating compound to the co-coordinating compound.
  • the molar ratio of the coordinating compound to the co-coordinating compound may range from a lower limit of any one of 1:8, 1:5, 1 :2 and 1:1 to an upper limit of any one of 1 : 1, 2: 1, 5: 1, and 8: 1 , where any lower limit may be paired with any mathematically compatible upper limit.
  • compositions described herein there are at least two distinct components.
  • the sanitizing additive may be the same as the coordinating compound, and the coordinating compound may be the same as the co-coordinating compound, two distinct components must be present in the composition to achieve the particular molecular interactions described herein. Such molecular interactions lead to the advantageous properties of the composition. Thus, at least two distinct compounds must be included in the disclosed composition.
  • the sanitizing composition disclosed herein may also include water.
  • Water may play a particularly important role in arriving at the chemical and mechanical properties of the composition. Initially, water may be used to solvate the previously described components of the sanitizing composition to provide a homogeneous solution of the sanitizing additive, the coordinating compound and the co-coordinating compound. As such, the sanitizing composition described herein is water soluble.
  • water may be removed from the composition to a desired extent to achieve chemical and mechanical properties suitable for a particular application. The water may be removed, for example, to provide a viscous, but not solid, composition. The viscosity may be tuned based on the amount of water in the composition.
  • the composition may become a solid.
  • the solid formed from the composition is amorphous, meaning it lacks long- and short-range crystalline order and is also not polycrystalline.
  • the composition may not be entirely amorphous and may include intentional domains of crystallinity, while the majority of the solid is amorphous.
  • solid is a rheological property that means the storage modulus (G') is greater than the loss modulus (G”).
  • G' storage modulus
  • G loss modulus
  • common rheological measurements known by those skilled in the art may be used to determine if the composition is a solid.
  • the solid nature of the compositions described herein may be determined by simple physical observations, such as, for example the solid material breaking with enough applied pressure (solid), versus deforming with applied pressure (viscous gel).
  • the water content of the composition may be selected based on the desired physical and chemical properties of the sanitizing composition. For example, if a solid composition is desired, less water may be included in the composition than if a viscous composition is desired. In particular embodiments in which the composition is a solid, the water content may range from about 0.01 wt% to about 25.0 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the water content may have a lower limit of any one of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 and an upper limit of any one of 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 17.5, 20.0, 22.5 and 25.0 wt%, where any lower limit may be paired with any mathematically compatible upper limit.
  • the required water content depends on the amount and type of sanitizing additive, coordinating compound and co-coordinating compound, so the water content required to achieve a solid composition may vary.
  • the amount of water may be tuned to achieve a viscous, but not solid, composition and the water content will vary based on the amount and type of other components in the composition.
  • the amount of water will be greater than that required for a solid composition, and may range from, for example, 5 wt% to 75 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the viscosity may range from 1,000 cP to 1,000,000 cP, such as having a lower limit of any of 1,000, 2,500, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 75,000, 100,000 and 200,000 cP and an upper limit of any of 200,000, 300,000, 400,000, 500,0000, 600,000700,000800,000, 900,000 and 1,000,000 cP where any lower limit can be used in combination with any upper limit
  • Such viscous compositions may be suitable for applications in which extrusion of the composition is desired.
  • less viscous compositions such as those having a viscosity as low as about 10 cP up to as high as about 1,000 cP may be achieved with the inclusion of additional water in the composition.
  • These lower viscosity compositions may be more suitable for spraying or metering out of the composition.
  • water is optional and in one or more embodiments, may not be included in the composition.
  • the amounts of water described above refer to compositions in which water is included.
  • compounds other than water may be used to adjust the viscosity of the composition.
  • urea, dimethyl urea, formaldehyde, formic acid, acetic acid, and guanidine may be used in place of water (z.e., with a water content of less than 5 wt%), and a range of viscosities may be thereby achieved without the addition of water.
  • the sanitizing composition described herein may further include one or more additional additives.
  • the additional additives may be included for a variety of purposes, such as to enhance mechanical, chemical, agricultural or sanitizing properties.
  • the additional additive may be, for example, a co-sanitizing additive that improves or enhances the sanitizing properties of the composition.
  • the cosanitizing additive may allow for a lower concentration of the sanitizing additive to be used in the sanitizing composition while still achieving effective sanitization or it may provide different sanitizing properties for different types of pathogens.
  • other additives useful in agricultural applications, such as fertilizers may be included in the composition.
  • the additional additive may be a mechanical property enhancer.
  • Such mechanical property enhancers may be used to provide a more viscous or solid composition with the addition of small quantities of such an additive.
  • mechanical property enhancers include lignin, starches (in particular food grade starches), cellulose, and polysaccharides, among others.
  • additives may be selected for particular use case scenarios and included in the composition as needed.
  • the sanitizing composition of one or more embodiments may further include a seed.
  • the seed may be any seed or bean, and in particular embodiments, may be a seed used for sprouting.
  • Such seeds can produce sprouts for human consumption and are referred to herein as “sprout seeds.”
  • sprout seeds are not conventionally used for sprouts for human consumption because of issues of contamination (e.g., bacteria, viruses and fungi) during the process of seed transport and germination.
  • Including seeds in the sanitizing composition described herein may reduce or eliminate contamination of the seeds making them safe for human consumption.
  • adlay seed alfalfa, amaranth, arugula, broccoli, buckwheat
  • canary seed chia, chicory, Chinese celery, clover, coriander, cowpea, daikon, dill, garbanzo beans, huauzontle, jute, lettuce, mung beans, onion, pigweed, pea, purslane,
  • the composition may be a seed delivery composition.
  • compositions described herein may be useful for storage and delivery of seeds.
  • the seeds may be encapsulated in the seed delivery composition which includes the coordinating compound and at least one coordinating compound as described above.
  • the seed delivery composition may be a viscous composition having a viscosity range as described above, or it may be a solid.
  • the seed delivery composition may be a solid ball, bolus, packet, brick, or sheet containing seeds. This may be particularly advantageous for storage and transport of seeds as solid compositions may be more stable and may reduce seed contamination as compared to transporting bare seeds, as is the current standard.
  • the seed delivery composition may provide additional advantages for transport such as reduced mechanical damage to seeds and a reduction in pests (e.g., rodents) eating conventionally packaged grain.
  • the seed delivery composition may be suitable for delivering individual seeds or bulk seeds. Individual seeds can be coated with the composition described herein to provide seed delivery compositions that may be more suitable for smaller scale applications. Bulk quantities of seeds may also be encapsulated in the compositions described herein.
  • a bulk seed delivery composition refers to a composition in which a plurality of seeds is encased in a larger form. This larger form may take on any form appropriate for the particular seed application in which it is being used.
  • the seed delivery composition may be in the form of a ball, packet or sheet containing a bulk quantity of seeds.
  • any feasible shape or size seed delivery composition may be made.
  • a viscous composition including seeds could be placed into any shape or size mold and then dehydrated to form a solid seed delivery composition in the shape and size of the mold used.
  • the seed delivery composition can be optimized for a variety of commercial/industrial applications.
  • a bulk seed delivery composition may also be a viscous composition, which may be advantageous for an end-use in which the seeds are to be sprayed in a particular area.
  • the compositions described herein may be suitable for delivery of large, industrial scale quantities of seeds.
  • embodiments disclosed herein relate to a method of preparing a coated seed using the previously described sanitizing composition.
  • the method includes first preparing the sanitizing composition by combining the sanitizing additive, the coordinating compound and co-coordinating compound with water.
  • this step may only include combining the sanitizing additive and the co-coordinating compound with water. Any additional additives as previously described may also be combined in this step.
  • the components may be combined with a sufficient amount of water to dissolve each of the components.
  • the dissolution may occur under mild stirring and/or heat depending on the identity of the sanitizing additive, the coordinating compound, the cocoordinating compound and any additional additives.
  • the temperature of the combined mixture may be from room temperature (i.e., about 20 °C) to about 100 °C.
  • water is removed from the composition (i.e., dehydration) to achieve a desired viscosity as described above.
  • water may be removed to such an extent that the sanitizing composition becomes a solid.
  • the water may be removed by, for example, dehydration in a desiccator, mild heating, vacuum drying, freeze drying, and evaporation in humidity-controlled environments, among others. As described above, when sufficient water is removed, the composition is an amorphous solid.
  • the compositions described herein may be prepared using rapid screening to determine whether a solid amorphous composition is formed for various components at different amounts.
  • small amounts (e.g., on the order of microliters) of a composition may be prepared using an automated system that can rapidly prepare composition with different amounts of each component.
  • a liquid handler such as a Opentrons OT-2 liquid handler may be used in conjunction with a plate handler such as a PerkinElmer plate: : handlerTM n robotic arm.
  • a large number of samples can be prepared in a short time to screen for appropriate quantities of each component that can achieve an amorphous solid composition.
  • determining whether a composition is amorphous generally requires use of expensive, cumbersome and timeconsuming x-ray diffraction techniques.
  • a proxy to determine whether a composition forms an amorphous solid is to use simple spectroscopic techniques.
  • a simple spectrometer e.g., BMG SPECTROstar Nano plate reader
  • a seed may be added to the composition either prior to removing water from the composition or after water has been removed from the composition. Seeds may be added at any stage of water removal, meaning they may be added to the composition at a stage in which the viscosity is suitable for proper dispersion of the seeds in the sanitizing composition. Once seeds have been added, water may be further removed to achieve the desired viscosity/solid state. As a result, the seeds may be fully coated in the sanitizing composition and may be thereby sanitized by contact with the sanitizing additive.
  • water is optionally included in the composition.
  • the components may simply be mixed together without the addition of water.
  • the mixing process may be similar to a process when water is included, however a dehydration step is not necessary.
  • seeds may be added to the composition at any stage in the mixing process.
  • the sanitizing composition may be applied to seeds, such as by spraying or pouring the composition directly onto seeds.
  • the viscosity of the composition may be suitably tuned as described above for proper application onto seeds. This process may be useful especially during the germination process of seeds, in which caustic chlorine-based treatments are conventionally used to disinfect seeds.
  • the compositions described herein may be applied to seeds as a safe and effective disinfectant during seed germination.
  • the sanitizing composition described herein is able to coat the composition effectively because of its tunable viscosity and also the process of preparing the sanitizing composition. For example, if seeds are added to a sanitizing composition having a lower viscosity due to the inclusion of more water initially, this lower viscosity fluid may easily penetrate the pores of the seed casings, effectively contacting all surfaces of the seed with the sanitizing additive. Furthermore, as water is evaporated from such a composition, the sanitizing additive is concentrated on, inside and near the seed casing providing even more opportunities for the sanitizing composition to come into contact with harmful pathogens. As such, the compositions described herein may provide improved sanitization as compared to compositions comprising the components in an aqueous mixture that is not solid/viscous.
  • Coated seeds may remain in the composition for a period of months to years provided the composition is not exposed to water or extreme humidity, which may affect the impact the composition due to its solubility in water.
  • the seeds When the seeds are to be used for sprouting, they may be readily released from the water-soluble composition by adding water to the coated seed composition. As water is added, the sanitizing composition dissolves in the water, thereby contacting the seeds and casings with the sanitizer and ultimately releasing the seeds.
  • Another particularly advantageous aspect of the compositions of the present disclosure is the rapid dissolution of the components in water. This rapid dissolution allows for easy release of seeds without the use of specialized equipment.
  • initial sanitization of the seeds may occur when the seeds are first coated in the sanitizing composition. Additional sanitization occurs during or prior to the germination process when the coating is dissolved, and the seeds and casings are again exposed to the sanitizing additive. This portion of the sanitization process is particularly important as germination typically occurs in warm and humid environments which are conducive to the growth of pathogens. As such, sanitizing the seeds as the sanitizing composition is dissolved prior to the seeds being exposed to a germination environment is critical to reduction of pathogens. Thus, by utilizing the compositions described herein, seeds can be sanitized multiple times with only one application of the composition.
  • the seed-sanitizing composition may be a viscous composition.
  • the composition that does not include seeds may be sprayed, poured or extruded directly onto seeds to produce coated seeds. Water may be appropriately added to achieve a lower viscosity if needed.
  • a composition including seeds may be sprayed, poured or coated onto a particular substrate or into a particular vessel.
  • coated seeds may be sprayed or poured onto a germination substrate.
  • a viscous seed delivery composition may be poured or extruded, for example, into a mold.
  • the mold may be used to form the seed delivery composition into a particular shape, and may also be used to remove water by the application of pressure and/or heat. This molding process may be used to create solid packs of seeds as described above.
  • the seed sanitizing composition may be a solid in the form of a ball, bolus, packet, brick, or sheet containing seeds.
  • This solid composition has the advantages of being easily transported while remaining stable for extended periods of time.
  • the seeds may be encapsulated in a solid composition by the seed grower once the seeds are harvested. The seeds may then be stored in the solid composition and transported to a location of use in which germination processes occur. This is particularly useful in agricultural applications because the composition (and the seeds encapsulated therein) may not decompose or degrade over a period of weeks, months, or years. Thus, the seeds may be stored for extended periods of time without decomposing.
  • compositions having little or no water may also be advantageous because the low water content may help prevent seeds from sprouting prematurely. Furthermore, the robust solid coating reduces or prevents further contamination during handling, storage and transport of the seeds. Such contamination may include dirt/debris, animal excrement, and the previously noted pathogens that are common in seed sprouting applications. The ability to store seeds for extended periods of time may improve overall planning and operations in agricultural settings because it allows for greater flexibility over when inventory can be used.
  • the composition may be used in a facile manner once it is transported to the location of use.
  • the seed sanitizing compositions of the present disclosure are water soluble.
  • the components of the composition are nontoxic.
  • water may simply be added to the composition to release the seeds, remove components of the sanitizing composition, and begin the germination process.
  • water may simply be added, and the seeds may be left in a solution of the sanitizing composition for germination.
  • water may be added to remove the sanitizing composition, and the seeds may be transferred to a separate gemination environment.
  • the sanitizing additive Upon release of the seeds from the sanitizing composition, the sanitizing additive contacts the seeds, seed casings and any pathogens present, thereby sanitizing the seed as water is applied.
  • the disclosed compositions avoid the use of caustic sanitizing agents like chlorine-based sanitizers as are commonly employed for sprout use. Instead, the compositions disclosed herein simply require the application of water, and the seeds are sanitized/disinfected upon the addition of water as the sanitizer is in contact with the seeds in the composition.
  • the composition provides a flexible platform that may be implemented into a variety of agricultural environments at a variety of scales. Thus, applications and use cases that are not explicitly described herein are also envisioned.
  • the seed sanitizing composition may provide improved sanitization as compared to a conventional bleach treatment
  • Bacteria namely E. colt O157:H7, S. enterica, and L. monocytogenes
  • Bacteria may be incubated in growth medium (LB broth) to an optical density at 600 nm (OD600) close to 1 followed by sub-culturing into fresh medium (to an OD600 of 0.01) with or without treatment solutions.
  • Growth curves may be obtained in these cultures by incubating them under an orbital speed of 282 cycles per minute and double orbital continuous shake mode at 30 °C.
  • OD600 may be measured every 30 minutes throughout a 24-hour period using a microplate reader.
  • the average maximum growth rate ( ⁇ max) may be calculated using the GrowthRates package of R through a modified linear fit model.
  • fimax indicative of bacterial growth
  • 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% or 95% of the ⁇ max of treatment with bleach when compared to seeds that are treated with a 20,000 ppm NaOCl (bleach solution), seeds that have been coated with the compositions described herein and then released from the composition by dissolution with water may have fimax (indicative of bacterial growth) that is 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% or 95% of the ⁇ max of treatment with bleach.
  • Example 1 Ternary System Stability
  • FIG. 1 is a phase diagram with the quantity of zinc acetate on the left axis, citric acid on the bottom axis and malic acid on the right axis. All axes are in relative molar abundance (moles of component/total moles). The dark portions of the phase diagram indicate where a stable composition was formed as defined above.
  • stable formulations can be formed with around 0.8 to 0.2 moles of citric acid, about 0.6 to 0.2 moles of malic acid and 0.4 to 0.8 moles of zinc acetate. As noted above, these formulations form a transparent solid that remains stable (i.e., no precipitates) for at least one month.
  • ammonium chloride, ammonium citrate, ammonium phosphate, sodium phosphate, and potassium phosphate were added using the same procedure described above.
  • 25 mol% of each of the aforementioned additives was added to ZACM formulations to produce phase diagrams shown in FIG. 2. It was found that the ZACM composition can include these additional components and achieve the aforementioned stability in a wide range of concentrations, indicating the flexibility of the composition to including additional components.
  • these particular additives can be used as fertilizers in agricultural systems.
  • the sanitizing composition was then tested for its ability to prevent bacteria growth as compared to bleach, which is the conventional treatment. All microbial analyses were performed following standard procedures, bacteria (namely E. coli O157:H7, X enterica, and L. monocytogenes) were incubated in growth medium (LB broth) to an optical density at 600 nm (OD600) close to 1 followed by sub-culturing into fresh medium (to an OD600 of 0.01) with or without treatment solutions. Growth curves were obtained in these cultures by incubating them under an orbital speed of 282 cycles per minute and double orbital continuous shake mode at 30 °C. OD600 was measured every 30 minutes throughout a 24-hour period using a microplate reader.
  • bacteria namely E. coli O157:H7, X enterica, and L. monocytogenes
  • OD600 optical density at 600 nm
  • Growth curves were obtained in these cultures by incubating them under an orbital speed of 282 cycles per minute and double orbital continuous shake mode at 30
  • the average maximum growth rate ( ⁇ max) was calculated using the GrowthRates package of R through a modified linear fit model.
  • the results are shown in FIG. 3.
  • the ZACM composition includes a mole ratio of about 1:1 :1 of zinc acetate: citric acid:malic acid.
  • the sample labeled C- M is a citric acid.malic acid composition at a 2:3 molar ratio.
  • the sample labeled ZA-C is a zinc acetate: citric acid sample with a molar ratio of 1 : 1.
  • each of the sanitizing compositions in accordance with the present disclosure showed less pathogen growth than the bleach treatment, as indicated by the lower ⁇ max values.
  • binary systems of citric/malic acids and zinc acetate/citric acid had substantially lower jimax than the ternary system. Without wishing to be bound by any particular theory, it is believed that this effect is due to the fact that the binary systems include a higher concentration of organic acid as compared to the system including all three components.
  • Example 4 Bacteria Reduction
  • a coated seed 100 seeds were placed in a 50-mL conical cap, and 100 pL of ZACM solution were added. The sample was dehydrated in a desiccator to form a coating. To release the coated seeds for germination, 900 pl of sterile water was added to the coated seeds and vortexed every minute for 10 minutes before being rinsed 3 times with water and placed in a paper-towel lined germination chamber (SOLIGT) containing 200 ml of sterile DI water. Control treatments of 10 mL of sterile DI water or 20,000 ppm NaOCl were added to the infected seeds for a similar 10-minute sanitization bath for each experiment.
  • SOLIGT paper-towel lined germination chamber
  • the dashed line in FIG. 4 indicates the target for bacteria reduction (i.e., 3-log reduction).
  • the seeds coated with the ZACM achieved a goal for bacterial reduction, while surprisingly, a bath treatment with the same molar ratios of components did not achieve the same bacterial reduction. This demonstrates the unexpected improvement in sanitization from a coated seed rather than simply mixing the components in water and exposing them to a seed.
  • the germination rate of the seeds was measured to determine the effect of treatment on seed germination.
  • Bleach is known to negatively affect production rates even though it does reduce pathogens. Seeds were not inoculated with pathogenic bacteria for data presented in Example 5.
  • 100 seeds were placed in a 50- mL conical cap, and 100 pL of treatment solution were added. Each sample was dehydrated in a desiccator to form a coating.
  • 100 seeds were placed in a 50-mL conical cap, and 100 pL of water was added to each cap.
  • These samples were also placed in a desiccator along with the samples forming a coating. All seeds were placed in a desiccator with desiccant and stored for 18 h until germination. The samples were left for 10 minutes for treatment.
  • FIG. 5 A shows germination rate (% of sprouts that germinated) and FIG. 5B shows sprout yield (total mass of sprouts).
  • the seeds coated with the disclosed compositions germinated at a rate of 92%, whereas the untreated seeds germinated at a rate of 94%.
  • Germination rate of bleach treated seeds was markedly depressed at 85%.
  • the yield for the coated seeds was also significantly higher than that of the bleach-treated seeds.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition désinfectante qui contient un additif désinfectant, un composé de coordination et au moins un composé de co-coordination. La composition désinfectante est un solide ou présente une viscosité d'au moins 1000 cP. L'invention concerne également une composition contenant une graine et la composition désinfectante. Un procédé de préparation d'une graine enrobée consiste à ajouter une graine à la composition désinfectante puis à éliminer au moins une partie de l'eau pour former une composition de graine enrobée. Une composition de distribution de graines contient une pluralité de graines encapsulées dans la composition de distribution. La composition de distribution de graines est un solide ou présente une viscosité d'au moins 1000 cP.
PCT/US2024/018403 2023-03-03 2024-03-04 Composition désinfectante, procédés et utilisations associés Pending WO2024186764A1 (fr)

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US6551553B1 (en) * 1997-04-04 2003-04-22 Ecolab Gmbh & Co. Ohg Disinfection method
KR20090048902A (ko) * 2007-11-12 2009-05-15 한국식품연구원 새싹채소 씨앗 불림액
JP2010200628A (ja) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-16 Nanto Seed Co Ltd 種子の消毒方法及び種子
KR20150005065A (ko) * 2013-07-04 2015-01-14 주식회사 잡스 살균제 조성물
US20150150265A1 (en) * 2007-03-09 2015-06-04 Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Disinfectant

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CN102793929B (zh) * 2012-09-07 2013-12-11 上海奥科达生物医药科技有限公司 一种制备稳定非晶态药物制剂的方法
KR101831535B1 (ko) * 2013-07-25 2018-02-22 바스프 에스이 무정형 형태의 다사티닙 염
CN110735176B (zh) * 2018-10-30 2024-03-22 中国科学院化学研究所 一种制备配位化合物单晶或无定型物的方法
CN114306245A (zh) * 2020-09-29 2022-04-12 深圳市药欣生物科技有限公司 无定形固体分散体的药物组合物及其制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6551553B1 (en) * 1997-04-04 2003-04-22 Ecolab Gmbh & Co. Ohg Disinfection method
US20150150265A1 (en) * 2007-03-09 2015-06-04 Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Disinfectant
KR20090048902A (ko) * 2007-11-12 2009-05-15 한국식품연구원 새싹채소 씨앗 불림액
JP2010200628A (ja) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-16 Nanto Seed Co Ltd 種子の消毒方法及び種子
KR20150005065A (ko) * 2013-07-04 2015-01-14 주식회사 잡스 살균제 조성물

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