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WO2024179832A1 - Injection apparatus for a dynamic laminated glazing - Google Patents

Injection apparatus for a dynamic laminated glazing Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024179832A1
WO2024179832A1 PCT/EP2024/053651 EP2024053651W WO2024179832A1 WO 2024179832 A1 WO2024179832 A1 WO 2024179832A1 EP 2024053651 W EP2024053651 W EP 2024053651W WO 2024179832 A1 WO2024179832 A1 WO 2024179832A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glazing
fluid
inlet
injection apparatus
filling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2024/053651
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Quentin Jensen
Stéphane Léonard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AGC Glass Europe SA
Original Assignee
AGC Glass Europe SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AGC Glass Europe SA filed Critical AGC Glass Europe SA
Publication of WO2024179832A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024179832A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10908—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin in liquid form
    • B32B17/10917—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin in liquid form between two pre-positioned glass layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
    • B32B17/10302—Edge sealing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B32B17/10504—Liquid crystal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B32B17/10513—Electrochromic layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B32B17/10532—Suspended particle layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10541—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing comprising a light source or a light guide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10706—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer being photo-polymerized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10733—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing epoxy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10743—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing acrylate (co)polymers or salts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10798—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing silicone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2038/0076—Curing, vulcanising, cross-linking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
    • B32B2315/08—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a laminated glazing, in particular a laminated glazing intended to be used as a dynamic glazing, more in particular an injection apparatus for filling a fluid into the glazing to achieve such laminated glazing.
  • the invention is primarily intended to be used in production of automotive glazing but not limited to.
  • the present invention relates to an injection apparatus for any glazing comprising a functional film, in particular when said glazing is subject, during its manufacture or its use, to constraints, in particular in terms of heat treatments and/or pressure.
  • such glazings are dynamic glazings that may be darkened at will, in particular electronically, in order to protect against the heat of the sun and glare.
  • smart windows can be darkened at will when the weather is sunny in order to prevent the passage of light into a room, or lightened when the weather is cloudy in order to once more maximize the passage of light or light from display in case the dynamic glazing comprises an integrated display.
  • the glazings are generally flat or have a low curvature.
  • glazings are for example used as the roofs, windshields, rear windows and side windows including the quarter-lites of vehicles.
  • glazed roofs are increasingly being substituted for conventional roofs, which form part of the body of vehicles.
  • the choice of these roofs is the result of constructors offering to their customers this option, which makes a vehicle seem to open onto the exterior, like a convertible, without the disadvantages of convertibles, as these roofs maintain the comfort levels of a conventional sedan.
  • the automotive designers are looking for using at least one of the automotive glazing as display.
  • laminating a display into a glazing is difficult due to properties of the functional films.
  • the display may be combined with a switchable film to increase the light contrast while keeping a thermal comfort and/or privacy.
  • US20160243773 describes a laminated glazing with a functional film, and also liquid resin filling mechanisms. It describes an inlet fixture to fill liquid resin (which is a liquid adhesive) into the glazing which comprises an inlet tubing for injecting liquid resin into the inlet fixture, an inlet slot for injecting liquid resin into glazing, a gasket for sealing during injection. Such inlet fixture can be used with pressure filling or vacuum filling methods.
  • liquid resin may be injected into the glazing through a flat nozzle ofwhich may have a 0.5- to 1-millimeter gap and about a 4-inch width.
  • W02022218953 describes a curved laminated glazing with a functional film and optical clear adhesives to fill between the functional film and the glazing. It describes different filling methods like gravity filling, pressure filling and vacuum filling.
  • EP369l892 describes a curved laminated glazing with a functional film, the functional film is adhered to the glazing surfaces by the help of a liquid adhesive.
  • WO2019198748 describes a glazing with a guest-host liquid crystal functional film
  • W02020003252 describes a switchable laminated glazing with liquid optical clear adhesives. However, how to inject the liquid adhesive into the glazing is not described.
  • US9494178 describes application of liquid adhesive with nozzles for bonding structures. However, it does not describe how to inject liquid adhesives inbetween two glasses.
  • liquid crystal (LC) films as such other functional films intended to be used as switchable glazing are sensitive to pressure and temperature limiting consequently their use in standard lamination processes in addition to the curved nature of the glass used in automotive industry.
  • the functional film may be also sensitive to thickness variation between the functional film and the glazing within it is laminated.
  • black spots which drive from inhomogeneous pressure during the assemble process may appear in laminated glazing comprising a such functional film leading to optical defects, transparency changing not working properly and thus, such an unaesthetic glazing refused generally by car manufacturers and the final customers.
  • liquid adhesives are used to laminate a functional film and more particularly a pressure sensitive functional film into a laminated glazing as the bonding layer than the traditional PVB interlayer.
  • Such methods are described in the prior art, like the WO2022218953 describes gravity filling method, pressure filling method and vacuum filling method.
  • Such liquid adhesives are used as a bonding layer between the glass and the functional film.
  • the liquid adhesives used as the bonding layer in the lamination process are preferably suitable to be used in a glazing in terms of optical properties, i.e., the optical properties of the liquid adhesive to be used are matching to the optical properties of the glazing.
  • the aforementioned methods requires specific apparatuses like described in US20160243773 to fill the liquid adhesive in between the two glasses.
  • the glazing is arranged such that an injection hole is kept/left on the edges of glazing by proper sealing of major part of the edges of the glazing, and then with the help of the specific apparatus, the liquid adhesive is injected in between the two glasses from a nozzle/needle.
  • adjusting the right amount of liquid adhesive is an important task.
  • the injection hole diameter is small, around 1mm, high filling pressures like 2 bar and long feeding times like around 15 minutes or more are required depending on the glazing size.
  • the filling apparatus needs to be connected to the glazing during curing of the liquid adhesive, curing times depends on the type of the liquid adhesive, however in general more than 30 minutes. All results a long production times for a glazing, i.e., resulting higher production costs.
  • the goal of the present invention is to provide an injection apparatus for filling a fluid, preferably a liquid adhesive into a laminated glazing with functional film preferably sensitive to pressure with good aesthetic to eliminate the aforementioned problems.
  • the present invention provides a laminated glazing with a functional film produced by the injection apparatus of the present invention that may be integrated into a bent shape glazing, but not limited to. More specifically, the present invention provides an apparatus to fill in a laminated glazing with a functional film preferably sensitive to pressure and temperature with a fluid such as the liquid adhesive.
  • the present invention relates also to an automotive laminated glazing comprising a pressure sensitive functional film. According to the present invention, the glazing may also have a curvature.
  • the present invention concerns production of an laminated glazing produced by the injection apparatus of the present invention, the glazing comprising at least: a. a first glass sheet having an outer (Pl) and an inner (P2) faces, b. a functional film, c. a second glass sheet having an outer (P3) and an inner (P4) faces, d. at least one fluid for to be used as a bonding layer
  • the fluid which is a liquid adhesive may be an optical coupling material being a layer of polymer that is polymerized or from a liquid resin and provided between the said functional film and the at least first and/orthe second glass sheets.
  • the laminated glazing comprise at least two glass sheets, in different embodiments glazing may be include three or more glass sheets and more than one functional film.
  • the present invention concerns an injection apparatus for filling a fluid into a laminated glazing comprising at least: a. a first glass sheet having an outer (Pl) and an inner (P2) faces, b. at least one functional film, c. a second glass sheet having an outer (P3) and an inner (P4) faces, wherein the injection apparatus comprising a housing, an inlet for the injection of fluid, an outlet for the dismissal/extraction of the fluid from the apparatus, further wherein the inlet having one open state, allowing the fluid flow and one closed state, blocking the fluid flow.
  • a functional film and particularly a functional film sensitive to pressure, and more particularly a switchable film such as a liquid crystals film may be used in a laminated glazing like a bent roof for automotive, a side window (lite), a part of a windshield with a lower cost.
  • the injection apparatus of the present invention therefore eliminates the replacement of the needle/nozzle used for filling the fluid into the apparatus by providing a closed state. After filling the fluid into the glazing, the inlet of the apparatus switches to the closed state and allows the needle/nozzle to undock, i.e., no curing inside the needle/nozzle. [0028] I n addition, the needle/nozzle may continue injection of the fluid with the next glazing in line, allowing a reduction in production time. Overall, the injection apparatus of the present invention results reductions in both production times and costs.
  • the injection apparatus of the present invention provides precise dosing of fluid thanks to the practical inlet with open and closed state. Therefore, waste of fluid is prevented by the use of the injection apparatus of the present invention.
  • the injection apparatus of the present invention aims to provide production of a high quality glazing with a functional film for a lower cost by eliminating additional process steps, waste of material and reducing production time.
  • FIG.l is a view of a vehicle with glazing.
  • FIG.2 is a schematic view of the laminated glazing according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG.3 is a schematic view of the injection apparatus mounted on a glazing according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG.4 is a schematic view of the injection apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG.5 illustrates the closed state of the inlet of the injection apparatus in one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG.6 illustrates the open state of the inlet of the injection apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG.7 illustrates the closed state of the inlet of the injection apparatus in another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG.8 illustrates the open state of the inlet of the injection apparatus of the present invention.
  • constituent element e.g., a first constituent element
  • another constituent element e.g., a second constituent element
  • the constituent element may be directly connected to the another constituent element or may be connected to the another constituent element through another constituent element (e.g., a third constituent element).
  • the numbering of the glass sheets (Gl, G2) in the continuation of the description refers to the numbering nomenclature conventionally used for glazing (G).
  • the face of the laminated glass which is in contact with the environment external to the vehicle is known as being the face 1 (Pl) and the surface in contact with the internal medium, that is to say the passenger compartment of the vehicle, is known as face 4 (P4), the functional assembly according to the present invention being positioned between the faces 2 (P2) and 3 (P3), where it can be protected from damage.
  • first glass sheet (Gl) may have face 1 and face 2 or face 3 and face 4 of the glazing
  • second glass sheet may (G2) have face 3 and face 4 or face 1 and face 2, respectively which means first glass sheet (Gl) may be used as external side of the glazing (G) or the internal side of the glazing (G).
  • first glass sheet (Gl) may be used as external side of the glazing (G) or the internal side of the glazing (G).
  • the glass may be a glass of soda-lime-silica, aluminosilicate or borosilicate type, and the like, the composition of the glazing (G) is not crucial for the purpose of the present invention.
  • the Fig.l shows a laminated automotive sidelite; the sidelite is intended to be fixed on the vehicle's body. It is understood that the invention is not limited to a sidelite and in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the laminated glazing (G) can be used in any glazing for a vehicle (V) and in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the laminated glazing (G) can be used in outside of automotive industry, i.e., anywhere where a laminated glazing (G) is needed.
  • the glazing (G) as shown in Fig.2 as an embodiment of the present invention comprises an first sheet of glass (Gl) having an external surface (Pl) and an inner surface (P2), and a second sheet of glass (G2) having an inner surface (P3) and an outer surface (P4).
  • Such glazing (G) is laminated.
  • the first sheet of glass (Gl) of the glazing (G) is that sheet in contact with the exterior of the vehicle.
  • the second sheet of glass (G2) is that sheet in contact with the inner space of the vehicle.
  • the glazing (G) can be a triple glazing or any kind of glazing with at least two glass sheets (G1,G2).
  • the glazing (G) can also include more films (F) which are laminated inside.
  • the first and/or the second sheet of glass (Gl, G2) are bent in a previous step before providing a functional film (F) over at least one surface of the first and/or the second sheet of glass (Gl, G2), i.e., before the lamination process which will be described below.
  • the curvature values of the first glass sheet (Gl) and the second glass sheet (G2) are in line with each other, it has to be understood that the curvature values might not be the same.
  • the first glass sheet (Gl) has a low curvature and the second glass (G2) is flat, this type of glazing (G) can also be counted curved glazing.
  • the glass sheets (Gl, G2) before the lamination may be totally or partially curved to reach the requested curvature of the final glazing (G) to correctly fit with the particular design of the glass support, as the shape required for the application.
  • the curvature of the glazing (G) is not crucial for the present invention.
  • the term "laminating” refers to a step of providing a layered structure in which the functional film (F) and more particularly the switchable film alone or in combination with another functional film (F), and one or more glass sheets (Gl, G2) are separated by an adhesive interlayer extending across substantially the entire interface between the functional film (F) and the glass sheets (Gl, G2) facing the functional film (F).
  • the glazing (G) comprises a first glass sheet (Gl), a second glass sheet (G2) and a pressure-sensitive preferably electrically powered functional film (F) in between the glass sheets (Gl, G2), and at least one fluid (F) such as a liquid adhesive, such as an optical coupling material, provided in contact with the functional film (F) and the inner surface (face 2 or face 3 as described above) of the first and/or second glass sheets (Gl, G2) to provide a bonding function.
  • a liquid adhesive such as an optical coupling material
  • the fluid i.e., liquid adhesive (A) is in contact with the functional film (F) to maintain a distance between the functional film (F) and the at least the first and/or the second glass sheet (Gl, G2). Achieving such configuration of the glass sheets (Gl, G2) with the functional film (F) may be accomplished in any method, the present invention is related to the injection apparatus (1) for filling the fluid (A) into the glazing (G).
  • the fluid (A) to be injected into the laminated glazing (G) by the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention may be any fluid, naturally in the context of laminating functional film (F) and glass sheets (Gl, G2), it should be understood as the bonding layer to be injected for laminating functional film (F) and glass sheets (Gl, G2).
  • the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention is suitable for injection of any fluid (A) with a viscosity of 0.1 to 100000 mPa.s, more specifically viscosity of I to 10000 mPa.s, even more specifically 10 to 1000 mPa.s.
  • liquid adhesive being a layer of polymer that is polymerized or may cured from a liquid resin
  • optical clear adhesives or optical clear resin or optical clear adhesive liquids In the case of the liquid adhesive (A) is made from a liquid resin, the liquid resin is preferably chosen amongst acrylic resin, methacrylate resin, urethane resin, silicone resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin and polysulfide resin or a mix.
  • the liquid adhesive (A) may be an optical resin, are before being applied in a viscous state and then it is called liquid optical coupling adhesive or LOCA.
  • Viscosity values of such liquid adhesives (A) lie in the range of 20 to 500 mPa.s which is already inside of the viscosity ranges ofwhich the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention is capable of injecting.
  • the optical clear resin may be one classically used to manufacture LC displays (LCD), mainly resins having a refractive index close to glass, which are ranging in between 1.35 and 1.65.
  • Such optical clear resin is for example thermal cure type, high elongation silicone gel, silicone base, acrylic base, urethan base, epoxy base.
  • the optical clear resin preferably cures at lower temperature than 70 degree C during a period on 25 to 30 minutes to a soft, tacky gel.
  • the soft nature and cushioning effect of this product provides excellent protection of electronic assemblies from external humidity, mechanical shock and vibration.
  • Such optical clear resin is for example the commercial Lumisil 202 UV® supplied by Wacker® company.
  • the first or the second glass sheet (Gl, G2) and the functional film (F) are held in contact with a fluid (A) which in this case is an optical coupling material, the optical coupling material being a layer of polymer that is polymerized or cured from a liquid resin, to create the laminating glazing according to the present invention.
  • the optical coupling material serves to the adhesion and makes contact between at least one of the first or the second sheets of glass (Gl, G2).
  • the optical coupling material is provided for the contact between the first surface of the inner sheet of glass (P3) and the second surface of the outer sheet of glass (P2).
  • the optical clear resin according to the one embodiment of the present invention covers all the surface of both sides of the functional film (F) to insure a good adhesion and sealing between the outer and the inner sheets of glass (Gl, G2).
  • the liquid optical clear resin is injected between the functional film (F) and the first and/or the second glass sheets (Gl, G2) and over the surface of the functional film (F) by the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention.
  • the optical coupling material may be provided on one side of the functional film (F) in the form of a layer of polymer that is polymerized from a liquid resin as an adhesive film and on the opposite side in the form a polymer cured from a liquid resin.
  • the optical coupling material provided between the functional film (F) and the first and/or second glass sheets (Gl, G2) is an optical clear liquid resin.
  • the optical clear resin is then applied in a viscous state (liquid resin) over the surface of a side of the functional film (F), and more particularly a switchable film (in combination or not with another function film like an AMOLED display).
  • the optical resin is then in contact with the second glass sheet (G2), meaning the outer surface P3 of the glass sheet.
  • the optical coupling material provided between the functional film (F) and the first and second glass sheets (Gl, G2) is an optical clear liquid resin.
  • the optical clear resin is then applied in a viscous state (liquid resin) over the surface of the both sides of the functional film (13) in contact with the first and second glass sheets (Gl, G2).
  • the optical coupling material provided between the functional film (F) and the first and/or second glass sheets (G1,G2) is an optical clear liquid resin.
  • the optical clear resin is then applied in a viscous state between over the surface of on side of the functional film (F) in contact with the first or the second glass sheets (Gl, G2) and on the other side (opposite side) of the functional film (F) an optical coupling material made of a polymerized liquid resin in the form of a film.
  • the layer is an optical coupling adhesive.
  • the optical clear resin and more generally the optical coupling material according to the present invention extends over the functional film (F) to cover its edges.
  • the optical coupling material extends to the edges of the first and the second glass sheets (Gl, G2).
  • the functional film (F) is protected from the moisture.
  • Optical clear resin are widely used in display industry. The advantages of using them are high transparency, low haze and milder temperature and pressure process condition such as the ones applied in automotive lamination process.
  • the optical coupling material and more particularly the optical clear resin is a thermal cure type , high elongation silicone gel. It can also be two- component type.
  • the functional film (F) when it is incorporated into a laminated curved glazing (G) and positioned on a vehicle, in particular as glazed roof or side window, advantageously has to have a good aesthetic and a quick switch in mode ON/OFF in case of switchable film and clear image/information/video in case of integrated display such as OLED display.
  • thermochromic means in which the variation is obtained by modifying the state of colored ions in compositions included in these glazing (G) and which are sensitive to application of high pressure and temperature.
  • glazing comprising, in suspension, layers of particles that, depending on the application of an electric voltage, are or are not ordered, such as the systems referred to as suspended particles devices (SPDs), or even a polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal (PDLC) film consisting of a polymer containing liquid crystals sensitive to the application of the electric voltage or even a guest-host liquid crystal film which include polymers, inorganic particles, or dichroic dye within the liquid crystal matrix.
  • SPDs suspended particles devices
  • PDLC polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal
  • the "electrically powered film” is a liquid crystals (LC) film providing controllable visual isolation.
  • the main function is the transformation of an essentially transparent glazing (G) into a glazing that is simply translucent.
  • the electrically powered functional film (F) may be a display film which is electrically operated to illustrate pictures and/or videos to be seen from the outer and/or inner of the vehicle wherein the glazing (G) is placed.
  • the "electrically powered functional film” may be made of OLED and more particularly well known AMOLED.
  • the glazing (G) according to the present invention may comprise a combination of one switchable film and OLED film.
  • the functional film (F) has a size smaller than the first (Gl) and the second sheet of glass (G2).
  • the functional film (F) is electrically powered through a flexible connector.
  • the way to connect the functional film (F) to a power is well-known.
  • the functional film (F) is not limited to examples given above and it should be understood broadly that any functional film (F) for to be used in glazing (G) which is suitable or not for interlayer lamination, like PVB lamination.
  • the electrically powered film (F) is a film sensitive to pressure such as pressure applied during a classical lamination process including autoclave bend a glazing (G). This kind of pressure is a pressure comprised 0.04MPa and 0.14MPa.
  • the functional film (F) is for example a LC film which is known to be sensitive to pressure. It is understood the functional film (F) may be a LC film, a GHLC film, an OLED film, PDLC film, SPD film or other functional film (F) sensitive to pressure as described previously.
  • the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention can be used for the functional films (F) which are not prone to high pressure nor high temperature.
  • the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention is suitable injecting a fluid (A) as a bonding layer for glazings (G) without a functional film (F) for lamination of the glass sheets (Gl, G2).
  • the glazing (G) comprises a functional film (F) and more particularly a switchable and/ordisplayfilm and more particularly a switchable and/or display film sensitive to pressure, positioned between a first and a second glass sheets (Gl, G2).
  • a cured or partially cured resin layer or a layer of film is bonding to outer surface of functional film (F) and the inside surface of glass facing the functional film (F).
  • laminating and “resin laminating” are understood to include creating a solid or semi-solid layer between the first and or the second glass sheets (Gl, G2) and the functional film (F).
  • a cavity is created between the inner surface of the glass sheets (Gl, G2) and the functional film (F).
  • a liquid adhesive (A) such as a liquid optical coupling material is then applied between the functional film (F) and the second glass sheet (G2), the application is with injecting the fluid (A) like the liquid optical coupling material into the cavity mentioned.
  • the liquid resin may be filled between the layers of glass by gravity filling, vacuum filling or pressure filling.
  • the invention relates to any laminated glazing (G), whether tempered or not, that comprises a functional film (F) or not that is preferably sensitive to pressure, and the glazing (G) has preferably a complex curvature to fit with the design of the automotive, and the glazing (G) comprises a bonding layer for lamination as described above, but not limited to, the bonding layer can be any fluid (A) material suitable for injection with the injection apparatus (1).
  • the bonding layer can be any fluid (A) material suitable for injection with the injection apparatus (1).
  • the filling of the liquid adhesive (A) is usually conducted by static mixers with plurality of mixing elements inside to mix the components of the adhesive, in some cases, the liquid adhesive is just one component (mostly UV cured), in those cases there is no need to use a static mixer.
  • the mixture or the fluid (A) is then delivered to the injection apparatus (1) by needles/nozzles.
  • Typical filling pressures are less than or equal to 2 bar, more specifically less than 1 bar and flow velocity in the range of 10 to 200 gr per minute.
  • the cavity is filled with a liquid resin (A) (also called liquid optical coupling adhesive, LOCA) or a layer of polymer that is polymerized from a liquid resin also called optical coupling adhesive.
  • spacers may be added into layer of cured resin before the liquid resin is cured to maintain uniformly a distance between the functional film (F) and the glass sheet (Gl, G2) and to ensure that liquid resin may easily cover the entire surface of the functional film (F) and more particularly the switchable film and surface of glass sheet (G1,G2) facing the functional film (F).
  • the permanent tape or seal may be used on the perimeter of glass sheet (G1,G2), so that edge seal may cover the edge of glass sheet to enhance a bonding between the two layers of glass sheets (Gl, G2).
  • Suitable edge seal materials may include adhesion tapes, liquid adhesives, or gelatinous adhesives.
  • the adhesive may be applied with a patterning delivery system.
  • the adhesive or other sealant material may be allowed to stay in the glazing (G) or be removed.
  • a sealing material applied along the peripheral edge of the glass.
  • the sealing material stops the optical coupling resin to flow out in the filling or the dispensing process.
  • the sealing material delimits the area of applying the optical clear resin.
  • the sealing material is applied on the surface of the second glass sheet (G2) before the second glass sheet (G2) is placed over the first glass sheet (Gl), it has to be understood that the sealing material is applied on the surface of the second glass sheet (G2) facing the first glass sheet (Gl).
  • the present invention does not concern whether spacers used in the glazing (G) or not.
  • the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention is suitable for production of a laminated glazing (G) comprising a functional film (F) according to the definitions above, more specifically the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention is configured to be used for filling of the fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G).
  • the injection apparatus (1) comprises a housing (11), an inlet (12), an outlet (13), a channel (14), wherein the inlet (12) having an open state (O) and a closed state (C).
  • the inlet (12) is for the injection of the fluid (A) into the injection apparatus (1), preferably from a needle/nozzle (N) which provides the fluid (A).
  • the outlet (13) is for the extraction/dismissal or the exit of the fluid (A) out of the injection apparatus (1).
  • the channel (14) is extending from the inlet (12) to the outlet (13), allowing the flow of the fluid (A) from inlet (12) to outlet (13), enabling a fluidic flow.
  • the injection apparatus (1) is fitted to the glazing (G) after the injection hole on the glazing (G) is prepared and the glazing (G) is ready for the injection of the fluid (A).
  • the outlet (13) of the injection apparatus (1) is in line with the injection hole of the glazing (G).
  • the injection hole on the glazing (G) may be on the edges of the glazing (G), in-between the two glass sheets (G1,G2).
  • the nozzle/needle (N) used for the fluid (A) injection is also fitted to the inlet (12) of the injection apparatus (1).
  • the fluid (A) then flows from inlet (12) to outlet (13) through the channel (14) and fills the cavity in the glazing (G) when the inlet (12) is in the open state (O), the flow does not start until the inlet (12) changes from closed state (C) to open state (O).
  • the inlet (12) is to be changed to the closed state (C) to stop the flow of the fluid (A).
  • the needle/nozzle (N) for the injection can be removed from the injection apparatus (1), the needle/nozzle (N) is not required to be fitted to the injection apparatus (1) during the curing of the liquid adhesive (A) thanks to the closed state (C) of the inlet (12) in the preferred embodiment.
  • the inlet (12) changes between its states (O, C) by means of pressure.
  • pressure When pressure is applied to the inlet (12), it changes from closed state (C) to open state (O) and when the pressure is removed, the inlet (12) changes from open state (O) to closed state (C).
  • the inlet (12) switches between its states (O, C) by the pressure applied by the needle/nozzle (N), i.e., the inlet (12) changes to open state (O) when the needle/nozzle (N) is plugged to the inlet (12) and when the nozzle (N) is unplugged, the inlet (12) changes to closed state (C).
  • the default state of the inlet (12) is the closed state (C).
  • the inlet (12) is in closed state (C) in the absence of pressure and switches to the open state (O) by means of pressure.
  • the inlet (12) comprises a preventive element (15) and a biasing means (16) (for example a spring) bearing the preventive element (15) provided inside the inlet (12), wherein the biasing means (16) configured to move the preventive element (15) to allow inlet (12) to change from one state to another state, in the closed state (C) the preventive element (15) blocking the inlet (12) and in the open state (O) the preventive element (15) allows the said flow.
  • the biasing means (16) in its default state bears against the preventive element (15) and the preventive element (15) blocks the inlet (12).
  • the biasing means (16) is preferably a spring which bears against the preventive element (15). In the presence of a pressure to the inlet (12), the spring (16) squeezes or releases to move the preventive element (15) to allow the flow of fluid (A).
  • the preventive element (15) is a ball, and the ball is able to move inside the inlet (12) for allowing and blocking the flow of the fluid (A).
  • the preventive element (15) is a sliding part inside the inlet (12) and is having a hole (151) configured to align with the channel (14) when the inlet (12) is in open state (O).
  • the inlet (12) is preferably having a cylindrical shape and the shape of the preventive element (15) is compatible with the inlet (12) for enabling the preventive element (15) to slide inside the inlet (12).
  • the preventive element (15) may extend into the channel (14) and the hole (151) of the preventive element (15) may align with the outlet (13) in the open state (O) of the inlet (12) as illustrated in Fig. 5. Therefore, the alignment of the hole (151) of the preventive element (15) should be understood as the hole (151) when aligned with the channel (14) or the outlet (13) allows the fluidic flow.
  • the inlet (12) is suitable for plugging the needle/nozzle (N) by rotating.
  • the needle/nozzle (N) is inserted into the inlet (12) and pressure applied by turning/rotating the needle/nozzle (N) like screwing, then the inlet (12) changes to open state (O).
  • the inlet (12) preferably comprises ribs for the needle/nozzle (N) to be locked/fixed to the inlet (12) upon rotating.
  • the pressure required for changing the state of the inlet (12) does not necessarily to be applied linearly, it may also be rotational pressure.
  • the inlet (12) is made of resilient material.
  • the inlet (12) is configured to act as an open-close system and the default state is closed state (C). By its default state, the inlet (12) is in the closed state (C) and the flow is blocked. Upon exerting pressure on the inlet (12), the inlet (12) changes to the open state (O) thanks to the resilient nature of the inlet (12).
  • the inlet (12) is made of elastic silicone material.
  • the inlet (12) has at least one notch(es) on its inner side and the notches blocking the flow in the closed state (C) and thanks to the resilient structure of the inlet (12), the inlet (12) changes to open state (O) upon the insertion of the needle/nozzle (N) through the inlet (12).
  • the inlet (12) comprises an umbrella valve or any type of valve with resilient material that changes its shape upon pressure to allow the flow of fluid (A).
  • the resilient material might be PU, EPDM, memory shape material, rubber, PDMS but not limited to.
  • the channel (14) comprises a pressure reduction means (141).
  • the channel (14) is extending in size from inlet (12) to outlet (13) of the injection apparatus (1), providing a pressure reduction means (141).
  • the fluid (A) preferably injected with high pressure through the inlet (12), the pressure is reduced in the channel (14) thanks to the pressure reduction means (141) and the fluid (A) with low pressure flows into the glazing (G).
  • the fluid (A) is provided to fill in whole intended volume in the glazing (G) and defects caused by high pressure are eliminated.
  • the housing (11) is configured to at least partially sandwich the glazing (G).
  • the term "sandwiching” should be understood as the outer faces (Pl, P4) of the glazing (G) are in contact with the injection apparatus (1), i.e., the glazing (G) is inserted into the injection apparatus (1), and "partially” should be understood as not the whole surfaces of the glazing (G) nor the injection apparatus (1) is in contact with each other.
  • the housing (11) has a U-shaped profile (cross section) and the glazing (G) fits into middle of the housing (11).
  • the injection apparatus (1) is fitted to the glazing (G) by at least partially sandwiching the glazing (G) thanks to its U-shaped cross section.
  • the outlet (13) of the injection apparatus (1) is on the valley of the U- shape and the hills of the U-shape bears the glazing (G) as illustrated in Fig.5 and 6.
  • the inlet (12), in this embodiment, might be on the outer side walls of the housing (11).
  • the housing (11) is made of PBT, PA, polyamide, aluminum, ABS or any suitable material depending on the intended application.
  • the injection apparatus (1) is configured to be fixed to the glazing (G) as a holder/mount apparatus.
  • the glazings (G) used in automotive field, especially the side windows (sidelite) of a vehicle (V) requires a holder, i.e., a mount apparatus for the window sliding/opening mechanisms, also called as brackets.
  • Such parts are usually fixed permanently to the glazing (G) with adhesives.
  • the injection apparatus (1) is used as the mount/holder for the glazing (G).
  • the injection apparatus (1) is permanently fixed to the glazing (G) with the help of adhesives or any means for permanent fixation so that it can also be used as a mount/holder apparatus for the window sliding/opening mechanism.
  • the injection apparatus (1) in this embodiment comprises necessary means for fixing of the window sliding/opening mechanism to the injection apparatus (1), such as mounting clips or etc.
  • the injection apparatus (1) is not required to be removed from the glazing (G) since it will be used for another function, i.e., this embodiment allows the fluid (A) to be cured while the injection apparatus (1) is fitted to the glazing (G), thereby prevents the defects caused by the removal of the injection apparatus (1).
  • a hole on the glass sheets (G1,G2) might be provided for attaching/fixing the mount/holder by clipping, such technique is also widely used in automotive industry.

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  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G), comprising a housing (11), an inlet (12) for injection of the fluid (A) into the apparatus (1), an outlet (13) for exiting of the fluid (A) out of the apparatus (1), and a channel (14) extending between the inlet (12) and the outlet (13) guiding the flow of the fluid (A).

Description

INJECTION APPARATUS FOR A DYNAMIC LAMINATED GLAZING
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001]The present invention relates to a laminated glazing, in particular a laminated glazing intended to be used as a dynamic glazing, more in particular an injection apparatus for filling a fluid into the glazing to achieve such laminated glazing.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002]The invention is primarily intended to be used in production of automotive glazing but not limited to. The present invention relates to an injection apparatus for any glazing comprising a functional film, in particular when said glazing is subject, during its manufacture or its use, to constraints, in particular in terms of heat treatments and/or pressure. For example, in the architectural field such glazings are dynamic glazings that may be darkened at will, in particular electronically, in order to protect against the heat of the sun and glare. In the construction field, smart windows can be darkened at will when the weather is sunny in order to prevent the passage of light into a room, or lightened when the weather is cloudy in order to once more maximize the passage of light or light from display in case the dynamic glazing comprises an integrated display. In addition, in the architectural field, the glazings are generally flat or have a low curvature.
[0003] In the automotive field, such glazings are for example used as the roofs, windshields, rear windows and side windows including the quarter-lites of vehicles. In particular, glazed roofs are increasingly being substituted for conventional roofs, which form part of the body of vehicles. As in the architectural field, the choice of these roofs is the result of constructors offering to their customers this option, which makes a vehicle seem to open onto the exterior, like a convertible, without the disadvantages of convertibles, as these roofs maintain the comfort levels of a conventional sedan.
[0004] Also, it is more and more requested from designer and car manufacturers to have side or rear windows provided with a functional film such as a switchable film to control the light level entering inside the vehicle for thermal comfort and/or for privacy and acoustic comfort. The latter is maintained, indeed even improved, by the presence of the laminated structure. It is known and common to laminate with an interlayer plastic sheet. However, it is difficult to laminate a functional film to be used in interlayer lamination, because of the sensitiveness of the functional film to high temperature and/or pressure and also the curved nature of the glazing.
[0005] Moreover, automotive designers are looking for using at least one of the automotive glazing as display. Thus, it is desired to integrate a display into a glazing and more particularly into a laminated glazing. However, as mentioned above laminating a display into a glazing is difficult due to properties of the functional films. Furthermore, the display may be combined with a switchable film to increase the light contrast while keeping a thermal comfort and/or privacy.
[0006]Automotive glazings such as roof, windshield, back-lite, quarter-lite and side lite are generally bent to fit with the design of the car. The bent shape is more and more complex with high value of curvature. The bent shape is commonly obtained by applying a pressure and/or a heating on the laminated glazing. The bending processes are those commonly and well known by skilled man in the art to bent automotive and /or architectural laminated glazing.
[0007] In the prior art, the use of liquid crystal (LC) films in glazings has been envisaged as a way of providing controllable visual isolation. In these applications, the main function is the transformation of an essentially transparent glazing into a glazing that is simply translucent. These applications did not involve specific bending characteristics especially for curved glazing. Particularly, since automotive glazings are bent by applying high pressure and temperature, and such functional films are not suitable to be subject to high pressure and temperature, providing such curved glazing with a functional film is even more challenging.
[0008] US20160243773 describes a laminated glazing with a functional film, and also liquid resin filling mechanisms. It describes an inlet fixture to fill liquid resin (which is a liquid adhesive) into the glazing which comprises an inlet tubing for injecting liquid resin into the inlet fixture, an inlet slot for injecting liquid resin into glazing, a gasket for sealing during injection. Such inlet fixture can be used with pressure filling or vacuum filling methods. In addition, liquid resin may be injected into the glazing through a flat nozzle ofwhich may have a 0.5- to 1-millimeter gap and about a 4-inch width.
[0009]W02022218953 describes a curved laminated glazing with a functional film and optical clear adhesives to fill between the functional film and the glazing. It describes different filling methods like gravity filling, pressure filling and vacuum filling. [0010]EP369l892 describes a curved laminated glazing with a functional film, the functional film is adhered to the glazing surfaces by the help of a liquid adhesive. Similarly WO2019198748 describes a glazing with a guest-host liquid crystal functional film and W02020003252 describes a switchable laminated glazing with liquid optical clear adhesives. However, how to inject the liquid adhesive into the glazing is not described.
[0011] US9494178 describes application of liquid adhesive with nozzles for bonding structures. However, it does not describe how to inject liquid adhesives inbetween two glasses.
[0012] It is known from W02020003252A1 that a curved glazing having a switchable liquid crystal layer with the help of a plastic bonding layer. However, achieving such a curved glazing without a plastic bonding layer is not described.
[0013] It is also known from W02010032068A1 that an edge sealed switchable film assembly having a liquid crystal device film laminated between two flat glass sheets.
[0014] It is also known from US20160243773A1 that a liquid resin laminated switchable panel produced with methods for making switchable panels using cast or roller lamination and the resulting panels having Liquid Crystal MicroDroplet (LCMD) films or other non-pressure sensitive switchable films with a curvature up to a certain value.
[0015] It is also known from W02001051279A2 that a laminated curved glass pane having a thermoplastic functional film.
[0016] Unfortunately, liquid crystal (LC) films as such other functional films intended to be used as switchable glazing are sensitive to pressure and temperature limiting consequently their use in standard lamination processes in addition to the curved nature of the glass used in automotive industry. The functional film may be also sensitive to thickness variation between the functional film and the glazing within it is laminated. Thus, black spots which drive from inhomogeneous pressure during the assemble process may appear in laminated glazing comprising a such functional film leading to optical defects, transparency changing not working properly and thus, such an unaesthetic glazing refused generally by car manufacturers and the final customers.
[0017]The classical known lamination processes of bent glass sheets with a functional film sensitive to pressure and temperature lead to presence of spots, optical or functional defects and unaesthetic glazings which are not acceptable for car manufacturer and customers. Thus, liquid adhesives are used to laminate a functional film and more particularly a pressure sensitive functional film into a laminated glazing as the bonding layer than the traditional PVB interlayer. Such methods are described in the prior art, like the WO2022218953 describes gravity filling method, pressure filling method and vacuum filling method. Such liquid adhesives are used as a bonding layer between the glass and the functional film. The liquid adhesives used as the bonding layer in the lamination process are preferably suitable to be used in a glazing in terms of optical properties, i.e., the optical properties of the liquid adhesive to be used are matching to the optical properties of the glazing.
[0018] However, the aforementioned methods requires specific apparatuses like described in US20160243773 to fill the liquid adhesive in between the two glasses. The glazing is arranged such that an injection hole is kept/left on the edges of glazing by proper sealing of major part of the edges of the glazing, and then with the help of the specific apparatus, the liquid adhesive is injected in between the two glasses from a nozzle/needle. In such methods, adjusting the right amount of liquid adhesive is an important task. In addition, since the injection hole diameter is small, around 1mm, high filling pressures like 2 bar and long feeding times like around 15 minutes or more are required depending on the glazing size. Apart from the filling process, the filling apparatus needs to be connected to the glazing during curing of the liquid adhesive, curing times depends on the type of the liquid adhesive, however in general more than 30 minutes. All results a long production times for a glazing, i.e., resulting higher production costs.
[0019] Furthermore, those apparatuses, after usage for a certain amount of time, needs a replacement since the cured adhesive starts blocking the flow of liquid adhesive. Also the needles/nozzles used for filling through the apparatus may need replacement. That is another ground for the cost increase for the glazing with functional film with the method of liquid adhesive injection into the glazing.
[0020]Supplementary to the long production times and high cost, there is a risk of jeopardizing the glazing while the mounting the nozzle/needle to the glazing or the removal of the apparatus from the glazing. The alignment between the needle/nozzle and the glazing requires precise craftmanship or automation before the injection step. Removal of the needle/nozzle after curing also requires precise craftmanship. Both may create visible marks and/or bubbles on the edge of the glazing, leading to optical defects, i.e., malfunctioning the transparency changing function and thus, such an unaesthetic glazing refused generally by car manufacturers and the final customers. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0021]The goal of the present invention is to provide an injection apparatus for filling a fluid, preferably a liquid adhesive into a laminated glazing with functional film preferably sensitive to pressure with good aesthetic to eliminate the aforementioned problems.
[0022]The present invention provides a laminated glazing with a functional film produced by the injection apparatus of the present invention that may be integrated into a bent shape glazing, but not limited to. More specifically, the present invention provides an apparatus to fill in a laminated glazing with a functional film preferably sensitive to pressure and temperature with a fluid such as the liquid adhesive. The present invention relates also to an automotive laminated glazing comprising a pressure sensitive functional film. According to the present invention, the glazing may also have a curvature.
[0023] The present invention concerns production of an laminated glazing produced by the injection apparatus of the present invention, the glazing comprising at least: a. a first glass sheet having an outer (Pl) and an inner (P2) faces, b. a functional film, c. a second glass sheet having an outer (P3) and an inner (P4) faces, d. at least one fluid for to be used as a bonding layer
[0024]ln a preferred embodiment, the fluid which is a liquid adhesive may be an optical coupling material being a layer of polymer that is polymerized or from a liquid resin and provided between the said functional film and the at least first and/orthe second glass sheets. The laminated glazing comprise at least two glass sheets, in different embodiments glazing may be include three or more glass sheets and more than one functional film.
[0025] More particularly, the present invention concerns an injection apparatus for filling a fluid into a laminated glazing comprising at least: a. a first glass sheet having an outer (Pl) and an inner (P2) faces, b. at least one functional film, c. a second glass sheet having an outer (P3) and an inner (P4) faces, wherein the injection apparatus comprising a housing, an inlet for the injection of fluid, an outlet for the dismissal/extraction of the fluid from the apparatus, further wherein the inlet having one open state, allowing the fluid flow and one closed state, blocking the fluid flow. [0026]According to the present invention, a functional film and particularly a functional film sensitive to pressure, and more particularly a switchable film such as a liquid crystals film may be used in a laminated glazing like a bent roof for automotive, a side window (lite), a part of a windshield with a lower cost.
[0027]The injection apparatus of the present invention, therefore eliminates the replacement of the needle/nozzle used for filling the fluid into the apparatus by providing a closed state. After filling the fluid into the glazing, the inlet of the apparatus switches to the closed state and allows the needle/nozzle to undock, i.e., no curing inside the needle/nozzle. [0028] I n addition, the needle/nozzle may continue injection of the fluid with the next glazing in line, allowing a reduction in production time. Overall, the injection apparatus of the present invention results reductions in both production times and costs.
[0029] Furthermore, the injection apparatus of the present invention provides precise dosing of fluid thanks to the practical inlet with open and closed state. Therefore, waste of fluid is prevented by the use of the injection apparatus of the present invention.
[0030] Additionally, defects reducing the quality of the glazing, caused by high pressure filling and the removal of the apparatus may be eliminated with different embodiments of the present invention. The injection apparatus of the present invention aims to provide production of a high quality glazing with a functional film for a lower cost by eliminating additional process steps, waste of material and reducing production time.
[0031] The foregoing detailed description is given primarily for clearness of understanding and no unnecessary limitations are to be understood therefrom for modifications can be made by those skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure and may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032]The invention will now be described further, by way of examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements in the various figures. These examples are provided by way of illustration and not of limitation. The drawings are a schematic representation and not true to scale. The drawings do not restrict the invention in any way. More advantages will be explained with examples. A better understanding of the present invention will be added upon reference to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. [0033] FIG.l is a view of a vehicle with glazing.
[0034] FIG.2 is a schematic view of the laminated glazing according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0035] FIG.3 is a schematic view of the injection apparatus mounted on a glazing according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0036] FIG.4 is a schematic view of the injection apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0037] FIG.5 illustrates the closed state of the inlet of the injection apparatus in one embodiment of the present invention, while the FIG.6 illustrates the open state of the inlet of the injection apparatus of the present invention.
[0038] FIG.7 illustrates the closed state of the inlet of the injection apparatus in another embodiment of the present invention, while the FIG.8 illustrates the open state of the inlet of the injection apparatus of the present invention.
[0039]The elements illustrated in the figures are numbered as follows:
I. Injection apparatus
II. Housing
12. Inlet
13. Outlet
14. Channel
141. Pressure reduction means
15. Preventive element
151. Hole
16. Biasing member
O. Open state
C. Closed state
V. Vehicle
G. Glazing
Gl. First glass sheet
G2. Second glass sheet
F. Functional film
A. Fluid
N. Needle/nozzle DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0040]The present invention will be described with respect to particular embodiments and with reference to certain drawings but the invention is not limited thereto but only by the claims.
[0041]While some embodiments described herein include some but not other features included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention, and form different embodiments, as would be understood by those in the art. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.
[0042] As used herein, spatial ordirectional terms, such as "inner", "outer", "above", "below", "top", "bottom", and the like, relate to the invention as it is shown in the drawing figures. However, it is to be understood that the invention can assume various alternative orientations and, accordingly, such terms are not to be considered as limiting. Further, all numbers expressing dimensions, physical characteristics, processing parameters, quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions, and the like, used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical values set forth in the following specification and claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present invention.
[0043] Moreover, all ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to be inclusive of the beginning and ending range values and to encompass any and all subranges subsumed therein. For example, a stated range of "1 to 10" should be considered to include any and all subranges between (and inclusive of) the minimum value of 1 and the maximum value of 10; that is, all subranges beginning with a minimum value of 1 or more, e.g. 1 to 6.1, and ending with a maximum value of 10 or less, e.g., 5.5 to 10. Further, as used herein, the terms "deposited over" or "provided over" mean deposited or provided on but not necessarily in surface contact with. For example, a coating "deposited over" a substrate does not preclude the presence of one or more other coating films of the same or different composition located between the deposited coating and the substrate.
[0044] Where the term "comprising" is used in the present description and claims, it does not exclude other elements or steps. Where an indefinite or definite article is used when referring to a singular noun e.g. "a" or "an", "the", this includes a plural of that noun unless something else is specifically stated. In this document, "configured to (or set to)" may be interchangeably used in hardware and software with, for example, "appropriate to", "having a capability to", "changed to", "made to", "capable of", or "designed to" according to a situation. In any situation, an expression "device configured to do" may mean that the device "can do" together with another device or component.
[0045] Furthermore, the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking or in any other manner. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described or illustrated herein. When it is described that a constituent element (e.g., a first constituent element) is "(functionally or communicatively) coupled to" or is "connected to" another constituent element (e.g., a second constituent element), it should be understood that the constituent element may be directly connected to the another constituent element or may be connected to the another constituent element through another constituent element (e.g., a third constituent element).
[0046] I n the following description, unless otherwise specified, expression "substantially" or "around" or "proximity" or "close to" preferably mean to within 10%, preferably to within 5% i.e., in this context the terms should be understood as in the range of ± 10%, even more ± 5%. Tolerance may be selected depending on the nature of the intended applications.
[0047] I n the following description, unless otherwise specified, expression "liquid adhesive", "optical coupling material", "optical resin", "optical coupling adhesive", "optical clear adhesive" and "liquid resin" are used interchangeably, further expression "functional film", "film", "electrically powered functional film" and "electrical functional film" are used interchangeably, further expression "flow", "fluidic flow", "liquid flow" and "liquid adhesive flow" are used interchangeably.
[0048] For simplicity, the numbering of the glass sheets (Gl, G2) in the continuation of the description refers to the numbering nomenclature conventionally used for glazing (G). Thus, the face of the laminated glass which is in contact with the environment external to the vehicle is known as being the face 1 (Pl) and the surface in contact with the internal medium, that is to say the passenger compartment of the vehicle, is known as face 4 (P4), the functional assembly according to the present invention being positioned between the faces 2 (P2) and 3 (P3), where it can be protected from damage.
[0049] In order to avoid any doubt, the terms "external" and "internal" refer to the orientation of the glazing during the installation as glazing in a vehicle. Anyhow, in the description below, these terms are used interchangeably, i.e., the first glass sheet (Gl) may have face 1 and face 2 or face 3 and face 4 of the glazing, in the meantime the second glass sheet may (G2) have face 3 and face 4 or face 1 and face 2, respectively which means first glass sheet (Gl) may be used as external side of the glazing (G) or the internal side of the glazing (G). Before going into the details of the injection apparatus (1), definitions for glazing (G), structure of the proposed glazing will be explained herein.
[0050] According to the invention, the glass may be a glass of soda-lime-silica, aluminosilicate or borosilicate type, and the like, the composition of the glazing (G) is not crucial for the purpose of the present invention.
[0051]According to one example of the present invention, the Fig.l shows a laminated automotive sidelite; the sidelite is intended to be fixed on the vehicle's body. It is understood that the invention is not limited to a sidelite and in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the laminated glazing (G) can be used in any glazing for a vehicle (V) and in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the laminated glazing (G) can be used in outside of automotive industry, i.e., anywhere where a laminated glazing (G) is needed.
[0052]The glazing (G) as shown in Fig.2 as an embodiment of the present invention comprises an first sheet of glass (Gl) having an external surface (Pl) and an inner surface (P2), and a second sheet of glass (G2) having an inner surface (P3) and an outer surface (P4). Such glazing (G) is laminated. The first sheet of glass (Gl) of the glazing (G) is that sheet in contact with the exterior of the vehicle. The second sheet of glass (G2) is that sheet in contact with the inner space of the vehicle. However, as explained above, the ordering can be changed and also the glazing (G) can be a triple glazing or any kind of glazing with at least two glass sheets (G1,G2). The glazing (G) can also include more films (F) which are laminated inside.
[0053]According to one embodiment of method of the present invention, the first and/or the second sheet of glass (Gl, G2) are bent in a previous step before providing a functional film (F) over at least one surface of the first and/or the second sheet of glass (Gl, G2), i.e., before the lamination process which will be described below. In a version of this embodiment, the curvature values of the first glass sheet (Gl) and the second glass sheet (G2) are in line with each other, it has to be understood that the curvature values might not be the same. In another version of this embodiment, the first glass sheet (Gl) has a low curvature and the second glass (G2) is flat, this type of glazing (G) can also be counted curved glazing. The glass sheets (Gl, G2) before the lamination may be totally or partially curved to reach the requested curvature of the final glazing (G) to correctly fit with the particular design of the glass support, as the shape required for the application. However, the curvature of the glazing (G) is not crucial for the present invention.
[0054] According the invention, the term "laminating" refers to a step of providing a layered structure in which the functional film (F) and more particularly the switchable film alone or in combination with another functional film (F), and one or more glass sheets (Gl, G2) are separated by an adhesive interlayer extending across substantially the entire interface between the functional film (F) and the glass sheets (Gl, G2) facing the functional film (F). [0055]According to present invention, the glazing (G) comprises a first glass sheet (Gl), a second glass sheet (G2) and a pressure-sensitive preferably electrically powered functional film (F) in between the glass sheets (Gl, G2), and at least one fluid (F) such as a liquid adhesive, such as an optical coupling material, provided in contact with the functional film (F) and the inner surface (face 2 or face 3 as described above) of the first and/or second glass sheets (Gl, G2) to provide a bonding function. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fluid, i.e., liquid adhesive (A) is in contact with the functional film (F) to maintain a distance between the functional film (F) and the at least the first and/or the second glass sheet (Gl, G2). Achieving such configuration of the glass sheets (Gl, G2) with the functional film (F) may be accomplished in any method, the present invention is related to the injection apparatus (1) for filling the fluid (A) into the glazing (G).
[0056]The fluid (A) to be injected into the laminated glazing (G) by the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention may be any fluid, naturally in the context of laminating functional film (F) and glass sheets (Gl, G2), it should be understood as the bonding layer to be injected for laminating functional film (F) and glass sheets (Gl, G2). The injection apparatus (1) of the present invention is suitable for injection of any fluid (A) with a viscosity of 0.1 to 100000 mPa.s, more specifically viscosity of I to 10000 mPa.s, even more specifically 10 to 1000 mPa.s. [0057] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, by "liquid adhesive" being a layer of polymer that is polymerized or may cured from a liquid resin, it is meant optical clear adhesives or optical clear resin or optical clear adhesive liquids. In the case of the liquid adhesive (A) is made from a liquid resin, the liquid resin is preferably chosen amongst acrylic resin, methacrylate resin, urethane resin, silicone resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin and polysulfide resin or a mix. The liquid adhesive (A) may be an optical resin, are before being applied in a viscous state and then it is called liquid optical coupling adhesive or LOCA. The advantage of using optical clear resin is that it can cover the entire film surrounding regardless of glass shape or even if there is a mechanical pattern on the film (F). Viscosity values of such liquid adhesives (A) lie in the range of 20 to 500 mPa.s which is already inside of the viscosity ranges ofwhich the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention is capable of injecting.
[0058]The optical clear resin may be one classically used to manufacture LC displays (LCD), mainly resins having a refractive index close to glass, which are ranging in between 1.35 and 1.65. Such optical clear resin is for example thermal cure type, high elongation silicone gel, silicone base, acrylic base, urethan base, epoxy base. The optical clear resin preferably cures at lower temperature than 70 degree C during a period on 25 to 30 minutes to a soft, tacky gel. The soft nature and cushioning effect of this product provides excellent protection of electronic assemblies from external humidity, mechanical shock and vibration. Such optical clear resin is for example the commercial Lumisil 202 UV® supplied by Wacker® company.
[0059] According to the one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the first or the second glass sheet (Gl, G2) and the functional film (F) are held in contact with a fluid (A) which in this case is an optical coupling material, the optical coupling material being a layer of polymer that is polymerized or cured from a liquid resin, to create the laminating glazing according to the present invention. The optical coupling material serves to the adhesion and makes contact between at least one of the first or the second sheets of glass (Gl, G2). In this example, the optical coupling material is provided for the contact between the first surface of the inner sheet of glass (P3) and the second surface of the outer sheet of glass (P2). One example of a manner to apply the optical resin as a liquid adhesive (A) is described below.
[0060]The optical clear resin according to the one embodiment of the present invention covers all the surface of both sides of the functional film (F) to insure a good adhesion and sealing between the outer and the inner sheets of glass (Gl, G2). According to preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid optical clear resin is injected between the functional film (F) and the first and/or the second glass sheets (Gl, G2) and over the surface of the functional film (F) by the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention. [0061] In different embodiments, the optical coupling material may be provided on one side of the functional film (F) in the form of a layer of polymer that is polymerized from a liquid resin as an adhesive film and on the opposite side in the form a polymer cured from a liquid resin.
[0062] In different embodiments, the optical coupling material provided between the functional film (F) and the first and/or second glass sheets (Gl, G2) is an optical clear liquid resin. The optical clear resin is then applied in a viscous state (liquid resin) over the surface of a side of the functional film (F), and more particularly a switchable film (in combination or not with another function film like an AMOLED display). The optical resin is then in contact with the second glass sheet (G2), meaning the outer surface P3 of the glass sheet.
[0063] In different embodiments, the optical coupling material provided between the functional film (F) and the first and second glass sheets (Gl, G2) is an optical clear liquid resin. The optical clear resin is then applied in a viscous state (liquid resin) over the surface of the both sides of the functional film (13) in contact with the first and second glass sheets (Gl, G2). [0064] In different embodiments, the optical coupling material provided between the functional film (F) and the first and/or second glass sheets (G1,G2) is an optical clear liquid resin. The optical clear resin is then applied in a viscous state between over the surface of on side of the functional film (F) in contact with the first or the second glass sheets (Gl, G2) and on the other side (opposite side) of the functional film (F) an optical coupling material made of a polymerized liquid resin in the form of a film. Thus, the layer is an optical coupling adhesive.
[0065] In different embodiments, the optical clear resin and more generally the optical coupling material according to the present invention, extends over the functional film (F) to cover its edges. In a more preferred embodiment, the optical coupling material extends to the edges of the first and the second glass sheets (Gl, G2). Thus, the functional film (F) is protected from the moisture. Optical clear resin are widely used in display industry. The advantages of using them are high transparency, low haze and milder temperature and pressure process condition such as the ones applied in automotive lamination process.
[0066] In different embodiments, the optical coupling material and more particularly the optical clear resin is a thermal cure type , high elongation silicone gel. It can also be two- component type. [0067]Thus, the functional film (F), when it is incorporated into a laminated curved glazing (G) and positioned on a vehicle, in particular as glazed roof or side window, advantageously has to have a good aesthetic and a quick switch in mode ON/OFF in case of switchable film and clear image/information/video in case of integrated display such as OLED display.
[0068] By "functional film" it is meant for example electrochromic means in which the variation is obtained by modifying the state of colored ions in compositions included in these glazing (G) and which are sensitive to application of high pressure and temperature. It is also a question of glazing comprising, in suspension, layers of particles that, depending on the application of an electric voltage, are or are not ordered, such as the systems referred to as suspended particles devices (SPDs), or even a polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal (PDLC) film consisting of a polymer containing liquid crystals sensitive to the application of the electric voltage or even a guest-host liquid crystal film which include polymers, inorganic particles, or dichroic dye within the liquid crystal matrix. More particularly, the "electrically powered film" is a liquid crystals (LC) film providing controllable visual isolation. In these applications, the main function is the transformation of an essentially transparent glazing (G) into a glazing that is simply translucent. The electrically powered functional film (F) may be a display film which is electrically operated to illustrate pictures and/or videos to be seen from the outer and/or inner of the vehicle wherein the glazing (G) is placed. The "electrically powered functional film" may be made of OLED and more particularly well known AMOLED. The glazing (G) according to the present invention may comprise a combination of one switchable film and OLED film. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the functional film (F) has a size smaller than the first (Gl) and the second sheet of glass (G2). According to the present invention, the functional film (F) is electrically powered through a flexible connector. The way to connect the functional film (F) to a power is well-known. In terms of the present invention, the functional film (F) is not limited to examples given above and it should be understood broadly that any functional film (F) for to be used in glazing (G) which is suitable or not for interlayer lamination, like PVB lamination.
[0069] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electrically powered film (F) is a film sensitive to pressure such as pressure applied during a classical lamination process including autoclave bend a glazing (G). This kind of pressure is a pressure comprised 0.04MPa and 0.14MPa. The functional film (F) is for example a LC film which is known to be sensitive to pressure. It is understood the functional film (F) may be a LC film, a GHLC film, an OLED film, PDLC film, SPD film or other functional film (F) sensitive to pressure as described previously. However, as mentioned above, the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention can be used for the functional films (F) which are not prone to high pressure nor high temperature. Moreover, although the present invention is described with a glazing (G) with a functional film (F), the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention is suitable injecting a fluid (A) as a bonding layer for glazings (G) without a functional film (F) for lamination of the glass sheets (Gl, G2).
[0070]According to one embodiment of the present invention, the glazing (G) comprises a functional film (F) and more particularly a switchable and/ordisplayfilm and more particularly a switchable and/or display film sensitive to pressure, positioned between a first and a second glass sheets (Gl, G2). A cured or partially cured resin layer or a layer of film is bonding to outer surface of functional film (F) and the inside surface of glass facing the functional film (F). However, other configurations and inclusions or omissions may be possible. The terms "laminating" and "resin laminating" are understood to include creating a solid or semi-solid layer between the first and or the second glass sheets (Gl, G2) and the functional film (F). A cavity is created between the inner surface of the glass sheets (Gl, G2) and the functional film (F). A liquid adhesive (A) such as a liquid optical coupling material is then applied between the functional film (F) and the second glass sheet (G2), the application is with injecting the fluid (A) like the liquid optical coupling material into the cavity mentioned. The liquid resin may be filled between the layers of glass by gravity filling, vacuum filling or pressure filling. [0071]Th us, the invention relates to any laminated glazing (G), whether tempered or not, that comprises a functional film (F) or not that is preferably sensitive to pressure, and the glazing (G) has preferably a complex curvature to fit with the design of the automotive, and the glazing (G) comprises a bonding layer for lamination as described above, but not limited to, the bonding layer can be any fluid (A) material suitable for injection with the injection apparatus (1).
[0072]The filling of the liquid adhesive (A) is usually conducted by static mixers with plurality of mixing elements inside to mix the components of the adhesive, in some cases, the liquid adhesive is just one component (mostly UV cured), in those cases there is no need to use a static mixer. The mixture or the fluid (A) is then delivered to the injection apparatus (1) by needles/nozzles. Typical filling pressures are less than or equal to 2 bar, more specifically less than 1 bar and flow velocity in the range of 10 to 200 gr per minute. [0073]The cavity is filled with a liquid resin (A) (also called liquid optical coupling adhesive, LOCA) or a layer of polymer that is polymerized from a liquid resin also called optical coupling adhesive. For example in various embodiments, spacers may be added into layer of cured resin before the liquid resin is cured to maintain uniformly a distance between the functional film (F) and the glass sheet (Gl, G2) and to ensure that liquid resin may easily cover the entire surface of the functional film (F) and more particularly the switchable film and surface of glass sheet (G1,G2) facing the functional film (F). The permanent tape or seal may be used on the perimeter of glass sheet (G1,G2), so that edge seal may cover the edge of glass sheet to enhance a bonding between the two layers of glass sheets (Gl, G2). Suitable edge seal materials may include adhesion tapes, liquid adhesives, or gelatinous adhesives. The adhesive may be applied with a patterning delivery system. After curing the resin, the adhesive or other sealant material may be allowed to stay in the glazing (G) or be removed. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a sealing material applied along the peripheral edge of the glass. The sealing material stops the optical coupling resin to flow out in the filling or the dispensing process. The sealing material delimits the area of applying the optical clear resin. In a version of this embodiment, the sealing material is applied on the surface of the second glass sheet (G2) before the second glass sheet (G2) is placed over the first glass sheet (Gl), it has to be understood that the sealing material is applied on the surface of the second glass sheet (G2) facing the first glass sheet (Gl). The present invention, however, does not concern whether spacers used in the glazing (G) or not.
[0074]The injection apparatus (1) of the present invention is suitable for production of a laminated glazing (G) comprising a functional film (F) according to the definitions above, more specifically the injection apparatus (1) of the present invention is configured to be used for filling of the fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G). The injection apparatus (1) comprises a housing (11), an inlet (12), an outlet (13), a channel (14), wherein the inlet (12) having an open state (O) and a closed state (C). The inlet (12) is for the injection of the fluid (A) into the injection apparatus (1), preferably from a needle/nozzle (N) which provides the fluid (A). The outlet (13) is for the extraction/dismissal or the exit of the fluid (A) out of the injection apparatus (1). The channel (14) is extending from the inlet (12) to the outlet (13), allowing the flow of the fluid (A) from inlet (12) to outlet (13), enabling a fluidic flow.
[0075]The injection apparatus (1) is fitted to the glazing (G) after the injection hole on the glazing (G) is prepared and the glazing (G) is ready for the injection of the fluid (A). The outlet (13) of the injection apparatus (1) is in line with the injection hole of the glazing (G). The injection hole on the glazing (G) may be on the edges of the glazing (G), in-between the two glass sheets (G1,G2). The nozzle/needle (N) used for the fluid (A) injection is also fitted to the inlet (12) of the injection apparatus (1). The fluid (A) then flows from inlet (12) to outlet (13) through the channel (14) and fills the cavity in the glazing (G) when the inlet (12) is in the open state (O), the flow does not start until the inlet (12) changes from closed state (C) to open state (O). After filling process completed, the inlet (12) is to be changed to the closed state (C) to stop the flow of the fluid (A). The needle/nozzle (N) for the injection can be removed from the injection apparatus (1), the needle/nozzle (N) is not required to be fitted to the injection apparatus (1) during the curing of the liquid adhesive (A) thanks to the closed state (C) of the inlet (12) in the preferred embodiment.
[0076] I n one embodiment of the present invention, the inlet (12) changes between its states (O, C) by means of pressure. When pressure is applied to the inlet (12), it changes from closed state (C) to open state (O) and when the pressure is removed, the inlet (12) changes from open state (O) to closed state (C). In a preferred version of this embodiment, the inlet (12) switches between its states (O, C) by the pressure applied by the needle/nozzle (N), i.e., the inlet (12) changes to open state (O) when the needle/nozzle (N) is plugged to the inlet (12) and when the nozzle (N) is unplugged, the inlet (12) changes to closed state (C).
[0077] In one embodiment of the present invention, the default state of the inlet (12) is the closed state (C). As described in the embodiment above, the inlet (12) is in closed state (C) in the absence of pressure and switches to the open state (O) by means of pressure.
[0078] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inlet (12) comprises a preventive element (15) and a biasing means (16) (for example a spring) bearing the preventive element (15) provided inside the inlet (12), wherein the biasing means (16) configured to move the preventive element (15) to allow inlet (12) to change from one state to another state, in the closed state (C) the preventive element (15) blocking the inlet (12) and in the open state (O) the preventive element (15) allows the said flow. The biasing means (16) in its default state bears against the preventive element (15) and the preventive element (15) blocks the inlet (12). When pressure is applied to the inlet (12), the biasing member (16) exerts force on the preventive element (15) and the preventive element (15) moves to allow the flow. In different embodiments, the preventive element (15) may also extend into the channel (14). [0079]The biasing means (16) is preferably a spring which bears against the preventive element (15). In the presence of a pressure to the inlet (12), the spring (16) squeezes or releases to move the preventive element (15) to allow the flow of fluid (A).
[0080] In one version of this embodiment, the preventive element (15) is a ball, and the ball is able to move inside the inlet (12) for allowing and blocking the flow of the fluid (A). In another version of this embodiment, the preventive element (15) is a sliding part inside the inlet (12) and is having a hole (151) configured to align with the channel (14) when the inlet (12) is in open state (O). In this version, the inlet (12) is preferably having a cylindrical shape and the shape of the preventive element (15) is compatible with the inlet (12) for enabling the preventive element (15) to slide inside the inlet (12). In different embodiments, the preventive element (15) may extend into the channel (14) and the hole (151) of the preventive element (15) may align with the outlet (13) in the open state (O) of the inlet (12) as illustrated in Fig. 5. Therefore, the alignment of the hole (151) of the preventive element (15) should be understood as the hole (151) when aligned with the channel (14) or the outlet (13) allows the fluidic flow.
[0081] In one another embodiment of the present invention, the inlet (12) is suitable for plugging the needle/nozzle (N) by rotating. The needle/nozzle (N) is inserted into the inlet (12) and pressure applied by turning/rotating the needle/nozzle (N) like screwing, then the inlet (12) changes to open state (O). In this embodiment, the inlet (12) preferably comprises ribs for the needle/nozzle (N) to be locked/fixed to the inlet (12) upon rotating. As seen from this embodiment, the pressure required for changing the state of the inlet (12) does not necessarily to be applied linearly, it may also be rotational pressure.
[0082] I n one embodiment of the present invention, the inlet (12) is made of resilient material. The inlet (12) is configured to act as an open-close system and the default state is closed state (C). By its default state, the inlet (12) is in the closed state (C) and the flow is blocked. Upon exerting pressure on the inlet (12), the inlet (12) changes to the open state (O) thanks to the resilient nature of the inlet (12). In a version of this embodiment, the inlet (12) is made of elastic silicone material. In one example of this embodiment, the inlet (12) has at least one notch(es) on its inner side and the notches blocking the flow in the closed state (C) and thanks to the resilient structure of the inlet (12), the inlet (12) changes to open state (O) upon the insertion of the needle/nozzle (N) through the inlet (12). In another version of this embodiment, the inlet (12) comprises an umbrella valve or any type of valve with resilient material that changes its shape upon pressure to allow the flow of fluid (A). The resilient material might be PU, EPDM, memory shape material, rubber, PDMS but not limited to.
[0083] In one another embodiment of the present invention, the channel (14) comprises a pressure reduction means (141). In a version of this embodiment, the channel (14) is extending in size from inlet (12) to outlet (13) of the injection apparatus (1), providing a pressure reduction means (141). The fluid (A) preferably injected with high pressure through the inlet (12), the pressure is reduced in the channel (14) thanks to the pressure reduction means (141) and the fluid (A) with low pressure flows into the glazing (G). By this embodiment, the fluid (A) is provided to fill in whole intended volume in the glazing (G) and defects caused by high pressure are eliminated.
[0084] In one embodiment of the present invention, the housing (11) is configured to at least partially sandwich the glazing (G). The term "sandwiching" should be understood as the outer faces (Pl, P4) of the glazing (G) are in contact with the injection apparatus (1), i.e., the glazing (G) is inserted into the injection apparatus (1), and "partially" should be understood as not the whole surfaces of the glazing (G) nor the injection apparatus (1) is in contact with each other. Preferably, the housing (11) has a U-shaped profile (cross section) and the glazing (G) fits into middle of the housing (11). The injection apparatus (1) is fitted to the glazing (G) by at least partially sandwiching the glazing (G) thanks to its U-shaped cross section. In a version of this embodiment, the outlet (13) of the injection apparatus (1) is on the valley of the U- shape and the hills of the U-shape bears the glazing (G) as illustrated in Fig.5 and 6. The inlet (12), in this embodiment, might be on the outer side walls of the housing (11).
[0085] In different embodiments of the present invention, the housing (11) is made of PBT, PA, polyamide, aluminum, ABS or any suitable material depending on the intended application.
[0086] In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the injection apparatus (1) is configured to be fixed to the glazing (G) as a holder/mount apparatus. The glazings (G) used in automotive field, especially the side windows (sidelite) of a vehicle (V) requires a holder, i.e., a mount apparatus for the window sliding/opening mechanisms, also called as brackets. Such parts are usually fixed permanently to the glazing (G) with adhesives. In this embodiment, the injection apparatus (1) is used as the mount/holder for the glazing (G). The injection apparatus (1) is permanently fixed to the glazing (G) with the help of adhesives or any means for permanent fixation so that it can also be used as a mount/holder apparatus for the window sliding/opening mechanism. The injection apparatus (1) in this embodiment comprises necessary means for fixing of the window sliding/opening mechanism to the injection apparatus (1), such as mounting clips or etc. With this embodiment, the injection apparatus (1) is not required to be removed from the glazing (G) since it will be used for another function, i.e., this embodiment allows the fluid (A) to be cured while the injection apparatus (1) is fitted to the glazing (G), thereby prevents the defects caused by the removal of the injection apparatus (1). In different versions of this embodiment, a hole on the glass sheets (G1,G2) might be provided for attaching/fixing the mount/holder by clipping, such technique is also widely used in automotive industry.

Claims

1. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G), comprising a housing (11), an inlet (12) for injection of the fluid (A) into the apparatus (1), an outlet (13) for extraction of the fluid (A) out of the apparatus (1), and a channel (14) extending between the inlet (12) and the outlet (13) guiding the flow of the fluid (A), wherein the fluidic flow is realized, characterized in that the inlet (12) has an open state (O) which allows fluidic flow through the channel (14) and a closed state (C) which blocks the said fluidic flow.
2. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to claim 1, the inlet (12) switches between states (O, C) by means of pressure applied on the inlet (12).
3. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the default state of the inlet (12) is the closed state (C).
4. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to any preceding claims, wherein the inlet (12) comprises a preventive element (15) and a biasing member (16) bearing the preventive element (15) provided inside the inlet (12), and the biasing member (16) configured to move the preventive element (15) to allow inlet (12) to change from one state to another state, in the closed state (C) the preventive element (15) blocking the inlet (12) and in the open state (O) the preventive element (15) allows the said flow.
5. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to claim 4, wherein the biasing member (16) is a spring.
6. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the preventive element (15) is a ball.
7. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the preventive element (15) is configured to slide inside the inlet (12) and having a hole (151) configured to align with the channel (14) in the open state (O) of the inlet (12).
8. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to claim 1 to 3, wherein the inlet (12) is made of resilient material.
9. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to claim 8, wherein the inlet (12) is configured to act as an open-close system and the default state is closed state (C).
10. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to any preceding claims, wherein the channel (14) has a pressure reduction means (141).
11. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to claim 10, wherein the channel (14) enlarging from inlet (12) to outlet (13).
12. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to any preceding claims, wherein the housing (11) is configured to at least partially sandwich the glazing (G).
13. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to claim 12, wherein the housing (11) has a U-shaped cross section allowing the glazing (G) to fit in.
14. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to any preceding claims, wherein the fluid (A) is a liquid adhesive.
15. An injection apparatus (1) for filling a fluid (A) into a laminated glazing (G) according to any preceding claims, wherein the injection apparatus (1) is configured to be fixed to the glazing (G) as a holder/mount apparatus for a window sliding mechanism.
PCT/EP2024/053651 2023-02-27 2024-02-13 Injection apparatus for a dynamic laminated glazing Ceased WO2024179832A1 (en)

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EP23158865 2023-02-27

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WO2009145909A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Corning Incorporated Photovoltaic glass laminated articles and layered articles
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WO2020003252A1 (en) 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 Agp America S.A. Laminated glazing with a switchable liquid crystal layer
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001051279A2 (en) 2000-01-13 2001-07-19 Societa' Italiana Vetro-Siv-S.P.A. Glazing panels
WO2009145909A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Corning Incorporated Photovoltaic glass laminated articles and layered articles
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