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WO2024177563A1 - Système et procédé de dégagement combiné des voies respiratoires - Google Patents

Système et procédé de dégagement combiné des voies respiratoires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024177563A1
WO2024177563A1 PCT/SG2023/050601 SG2023050601W WO2024177563A1 WO 2024177563 A1 WO2024177563 A1 WO 2024177563A1 SG 2023050601 W SG2023050601 W SG 2023050601W WO 2024177563 A1 WO2024177563 A1 WO 2024177563A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
airway
conduit
acoustic
subject
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SG2023/050601
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English (en)
Inventor
Kenath Priyanka PRASAD
Shen Him John Ng
Pravar JAIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Singapore Innovate Pte Ltd
Original Assignee
Singapore Innovate Pte Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Singapore Innovate Pte Ltd filed Critical Singapore Innovate Pte Ltd
Publication of WO2024177563A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024177563A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M16/0006—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with means for creating vibrations in patients' airways
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
    • A61M16/0666—Nasal cannulas or tubing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
    • A61M16/0683—Holding devices therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • A61M16/208—Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/42—Reducing noise

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to an airway clearance apparatus, system and a method of using the same.
  • Mucociliary clearance describing the self-cleaning mechanism of the airways typically involves the mucociliary escalator which serves to mobilize secretions, thus preventing airways obstructions and maintaining optimal function of the respiratory system.
  • MCC Mucociliary clearance
  • This mucus clearance mechanism may be compromised by a variety of factors, including pathophysiological conditions affecting the mucociliary escalator such as bronchiectasis, ciliary dyskinesia and pulmonary disorders that alter the production and composition of mucus (such as cystic fibrosis and COPD).
  • Conventional airway clearance methods typically employ physical and mechanical means to manipulate airflow in the lungs, in order to mobilize secretions from the distal airways and towards the central airways, where evacuation is effected by coughing.
  • Physical manipulations include breathing manoeuvres, postural drainage, and manual techniques.
  • Mechanical devices including chest percussion devices and oscillatory pressure devices, function on principles of altering airflow, leading to and/or generating a cough-like effect.
  • conventional solutions are commonly driven by patient effort and involve active participation in therapy. They are time-consuming and generally arduous for the patient.
  • conventional modalities are likely responsible for poor adherence to the prescribed therapy.
  • the use of devices and prescribed therapies may require active patient involvement for two to six hours daily. This has been described as a factor contributing Attorney Docket #542-15092 to reduced compliance rates of therapies in patients with chronic secretory conditions such as in cystic fibrosis (CF).
  • CF cystic fibrosis
  • hand-held airway clearance devices also require the patients to generate and sustain greater than 30 L/min exhalation flow rates, breathe through these devices continuously for greater than 20 minutes per session, and require multiple sessions per day to obtain therapeutic effects, resulting in post-therapy breathlessness and fatigue. These devices are thus unsuitable for this group of patients.
  • devices or methods applied orally suffer from compromised therapy effectiveness and low adherence.
  • patients will frequently expectorate mucus throughout the therapy which results in the disruption of the seal at deviceoral interface, leading to additional therapy steps and increased time.
  • One aspect of the disclosure is a system for facilitating clearance of a biofluid from an airway of a subject.
  • the system comprises a nasal interface comprising a first and second nasal pillow each adapted to substantially form a seal with a nostril of the subject, an acoustic conduit configured to receive and communicate acoustic waves to the airway via at least one of the first nasal pillow and the second nasal pillow a first air conduit in communication with the first nasal pillow, the first air conduit configured to direct exhaled air to an air outlet.
  • the acoustic waves are communicated to the airway via the second nasal pillow.
  • the acoustic conduit is physically separate from the first airway conduit.
  • the system further comprises an air inlet configured to receive inhaled air and to communicate inhaled air to the airway during inhalation by the subject.
  • the air inlet is in communication with at least one of the acoustic conduit and the first air conduit.
  • the system further comprises a valve mechanism disposed between or at the second air conduit and at the least one of the acoustic conduit and the first air conduit, where the valve mechanism is configured to prevent air from entering the nasal interface via the air intake during exhalation.
  • the first air conduit further comprises a first waveguide to channel the acoustic waves to the at least one of the first nasal pillow and the second nasal pillow.
  • the first waveguide is further configured to channel the acoustic waves away from the valve mechanism.
  • the system further comprises an acoustic wave generator comprising an electro-acoustic transducer configured to receive and convert an electrical signal to the acoustic waves and a second waveguide configured to communicate the acoustic waves to the acoustic conduit.
  • the acoustic wave generator further comprises a noise reduction mechanism.
  • the noise reduction comprises specific cavity geometries. Attorney Docket #542-15092
  • the system further comprises an airway clearance module operably attached to the air outlet, the airway clearance module configured to receive the exhaled air, the airway clearance module comprising an air resistance outlet configured to allow the release of exhaled air from the airway clearance module and an airflow obstruction mechanism configured to at least partially obstructing the air resistance outlet to generate a positive expiratory pressure (PEP) via a cavity of a respiratory conducting passage in a subject.
  • PEP positive expiratory pressure
  • the airway clearance module further comprises an airflow oscillating mechanism in communication with the air resistance outlet, wherein the airflow oscillating mechanism is configured to generate an oscillating PEP (O-PEP) via the cavity of the respiratory conducting passage.
  • O-PEP oscillating PEP
  • a method for assisting clearance of a biofluid from an airway of a subject comprising administering percussions or vibrations to a subject to loosen the biofluid in the airway of the subject and administering a PEP to the subject to mobilize the loosened biofluids from a distal airway to central airway for expectoration.
  • the percussions or vibrations and PEP are administered simultaneously.
  • the percussions or vibrations and PEP are administered via separate nostrils, that is percussions or vibrations administered via a first nostril and PEP administered via a second nostrils.
  • the percussions or vibrations and PEP are each administered via both nostrils.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 each depict a cutaway view of the system 100, specifically, a nasal interface for facilitating clearance of a biofluid to illustrate air and acoustic conduits according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 depict the system 100, specifically, a nasal interface in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, assembled with other parts or elements to form a main unit;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective exploded view of parts or elements of the main unit; and
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the assembled main unit.
  • FIG. 5 depicts the system 100, specifically the main unit assembled with other parts or elements to form an expanded unit in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 depicts a graph comparing airway pressure over time during respiratory cycles between the nasal and oral route as obtained using a ASL 5000TM breathing simulator.
  • FIG. 7 depicts a graph comparing mucous mobilisation times at varying intensity settings between treatment using acoustics alone and combined administration of acoustics and PEP obtained using a benchtop setup with simulated mucus plugs in gravity assisted drainage (GAD) position.
  • GID gravity assisted drainage
  • FIG. 8 depicts a graph comparing pressure generated at varying intensity settings between treatment using PEP alone and combined administration of acoustics and PEP.
  • Described herein are various non-limiting embodiments and configurations of devices capable of facilitating clearance of a biofluid from an airway of a subject by administering a combination of nasally administered therapies, namely positive expiratory pressure (PEP) and acoustics wave either singly or in combination.
  • PEP positive expiratory pressure
  • acoustics wave either singly or in combination.
  • PEP or acoustic therapy can be administered sequentially in any order or simultaneously.
  • the use of both nostrils to administer combination therapy ensures a closed loop system, thus limiting Attorney Docket #542-15092 leakage and improving therapy efficacy through improved performance and enhanced user comfort.
  • an aspect of the present disclosure is a system 100 comprising nasal interface 101 having a first nasal pillow 102 and a second nasal pillow 103 each adapted to substantially form a seal with a nostril of the subject.
  • the nasal interface 101 has an acoustic conduit 104 with a proximal end in communicative contact with the first nasal pillow 102 to communicate acoustic waves to the airway.
  • the proximal end of the acoustic conduit 104 is physically adapted to accept, preferably removably, the first nasal pillow 102 to ensure a substantially air-tight seal thereto.
  • the acoustic waves are received by an acoustic inlet 107 present on a distal end of the acoustic conduit 104.
  • the nasal interface 101 further comprises a first air conduit 105 with a proximal end in communicative contact with the first nasal pillow 102. Exhaled air from the subject’s airway enters first air conduit 105 via the first nasal pillow 102 and is directed to air outlet 106 at a distal end of the first air conduit 105.
  • the proximal end is in communicative contact with the second nasal pillow 103 or both the first nasal pillow 102 and the second nasal pillow 103.
  • acoustic conduit 104 has a noise reduction mechanism.
  • the noise reduction mechanism comprises at least but not limited to lining the acoustic conduit 104 with sound insulation material.
  • the sound insulation material is metamaterial. Any method of reducing the leakage of acoustic waves that are being communicated by acoustic conduit 104 to the subject’s surroundings may be employed.
  • first air conduit 105 may be in communicative contact with second nasal pillow 103 or both first nasal pillow 102 and second nasal pillow 103.
  • the acoustic conduit 104 may communicate acoustic waves to both first nasal pillow
  • acoustic waves are communicated to both the first nasal pillow 102 and the second nasal pillow 103 by a common conduit disposed between the acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105 on one side of the common conduit, and the first nasal pillow 102 and the second nasal pillow 103 on the other side of the common conduit. In some embodiments, acoustic waves are communicated directly to the second nasal pillow
  • the branch (not depicted) Attorney Docket #542-15092 is physically separate from the acoustic conduit 104. In some embodiments, the branch is in communication with the acoustic conduit 104.
  • both the acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105 may communicate exhaled air from the subject to air outlet 106 directly.
  • exhaled air from the acoustic conduit 104 is communicated to the air outlet 106 via the first air conduit 105 by way of a common conduit (not depicted) disposed between acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105 on one side of the common conduit, and the first nasal pillow 102 and the second nasal pillow 103 on the other side of the common conduit.
  • acoustic waves are communicated directly to the second nasal pillow 103 by a branch (not depicted) of the acoustic conduit 104.
  • the branch is physically separate from the acoustic conduit 104.
  • the branch is in communication with the acoustic conduit 104.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 both depict embodiments where acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105 as physically separate from one another, embodiments where the acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105 are in communication with each other, and share common channels are within the scope of the disclosure.
  • the acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105 may merge into a common conduit (not depicted) before diverging just before the first nasal pillow 102 and/or the second nasal pillow 103.
  • any connectivity configuration between at least one of the acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105 and at least one of the first nasal pillow 102 and the second nasal pillow 103 falls within the scope of the disclosure so long as one nasal pillow is in communication with the air outlet 106 and one nasal pillow is in communication the acoustic conduit 104.
  • the nasal interface 101 may comprise an air intake 204 that serves as an entry point into the nasal interface 101 for air inhaled from the environment, to be subsequently communicated to the airway via acoustic conduit 104 and first Attorney Docket #542-15092 air conduit 105.
  • Air intake 204 is in communication with both acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105.
  • Valve mechanisms 205a and 205b are disposed between or at air intake 204 and each of the acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105 respectively, where the valve mechanism is configured to prevent air from entering nasal interface 101 via air intake 204during exhalation, that is to substantially seal air intake 204 during exhalation and to maintain an open position during inhalation to allow ambient air from the external environment into the nasal interface 101 via the air intake 204.
  • Valve mechanisms 205a and 205b may each comprise substantially of a check valve and a mount to allow physical attachment to the air intake 204.
  • the check valve may be any of but not limited to a lift check valve, ball check valve, swing check valve, top-hinged check valve, tilting disc check valve, butterfly check valve, stop check valve, diaphragm check valve, spring loaded check valve, spring loaded in-line valve, spring loaded y-valve, foot check valve, duckbill check valve, wafer check valve, silent check valve, pneumatic check valve and non-slam check valve.
  • Any check valve or functionally similar device that has an opening pressure at valve mechanisms 205a and 205b in the range of pressure during physiological inhalation and a closing pressure at valve mechanisms 205a and 205b in the range of pressure during physiological exhalation can be used in valve mechanisms 205a and 205b.
  • air intake 204 is in communication with only the acoustic conduit 104. In some embodiments the air intake 204 is in communication with only the first air conduit 105. In some embodiments, the nasal interface 101 comprises only valve mechanism 205a. In some embodiments, the nasal interface 101 comprises only valve mechanism 205b. In some embodiments, there is a single valve mechanism (not depicted) spanning both the acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105.
  • the air intake 204 is in communication with an air intake conduit (not depicted) disposed within the nasal interface 101 which is in turn, in communication with at least one of acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105.
  • a single valve mechanism is disposed between the air intake 204 and the air intake conduit.
  • an airway clearance module 201 is operably attached to air outlet 106 such that exhaled air from the airway of the subject is communicated and received by the airway clearance module 201.
  • the airway clearance module 201 has an air resistance Attorney Docket #542-15092 outlet 208 that permits the release of exhaled air from the airway clearance module 201 and an airway obstruction mechanism 209 that is disposed such that it partially obstructs the air resistance outlet 208.
  • the obstruction to the exhaled air creates resistance to produce positive pressure in the airway of the subject throughout the expiratory phase, also known as positive expiratory pressure.
  • the airway obstruction mechanism 209 is slidably attached to airway clearance module 201 and disposed relative to air resistance outlet 208 such that an aperture size of air resistance outlet 208 can be varied. In doing so, the degree of airflow resistance can be adjusted according to the subject’s therapeutic requirements.
  • airway clearance module 201 comprises an airflow oscillating mechanism (not depicted) in communication with air resistance outlet 208.
  • the airflow oscillating mechanism is configured to generate an oscillating positive expiratory pressure via the cavity of the respiratory conducting passage.
  • the oscillating positive expiratory pressure is generated by the rotation or oscillation of the airflow oscillating mechanism.
  • the airflow oscillating mechanism comprises electromechanical components that are configured to allow the oscillating mechanism to rotate or oscillate independently without the need for exhaled air.
  • Fig. 2 depicts the airway clearance module 201 as being attached or mounted to nasal interface 101
  • the airway clearance module 201 may be physically separate from the nasal interface 101 and connected via but no limited to, a tube pipe, adaptor or any means of communicating the exhaled air to the airway clearance module 201 which is distantly located while isolating the exhaled air from the environment.
  • a first wave guide 202 is disposed within the acoustic conduit 104 and configured to channel the acoustic waves being communicated by the acoustic conduit 104 to the second nasal pillow 103.
  • the first wave guide 202 channels the acoustic waves away from valve mechanisms 205a and 205b.
  • the inventors that without the first wave guide 202, acoustic waves entering the acoustic conduit 104 can cause the valve mechanism 205a and valve mechanism 205b to rapidly vacillate between an opened and closed state during exhalation, which causes an undesirable loss of pressure within the nasal interface 101 and nasal cavity of the subject with a resultant and commensurate drop in therapeutic efficacy.
  • the first wave guide 202 channels acoustic waves to first nasal pillow 102 or both first nasal pillow 102 and second nasal pillow 103.
  • the first wave guide 202 is removably attached within the acoustic conduit 104.
  • first wave guide 202 is integral to acoustic conduit 104.
  • a second wave guide 207 is operably attached to acoustic inlet 107 and configured to direct externally arriving acoustic waves travelling in first direction to a second direction, the second direction being better suited for communicating the acoustic waves to acoustic inlet 107, the second direction being substantially perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the second wave guide 207 is continuous with first wave guide 202. In some embodiments, the second wave guide 207 is configured to direct externally arriving acoustic waves travelling in first direction to a second direction, the second direction being better suited for communicating the acoustic waves to acoustic inlet 107.
  • a second pair of first and second waveguide configured to channel acoustic waves to the first nasal pillow 102.
  • oxygen inlets 203a and 203b in communication with first air conduit 105 and acoustic conduit 104 respectively.
  • Oxygen inlets 203a and 203b can accept supplementary oxygen from an external source including but not limited to a pressured oxygen canister, an oxygen concentrator or a central oxygen supply system.
  • oxygen inlets 203a and 203b there may be only one of oxygen inlets 203a and 203b, particularly where the acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105 are in communication.
  • overpressure valves 206a and 206b in communication with the first air conduit 105 and the acoustic conduit 104 respectively.
  • Each of overpressure valves 206a and 206b is configured to vent air out of the nasal interface 101 to when pressure in the respective conduits exceeds a predetermined threshold to reduce/prevent the risk of physical damage to body tissues due to lung overpressure.
  • overpressure valves 206a or 206b there may be only one of overpressure valves 206a or 206b. In some embodiments, particularly where the acoustic conduit 104 and first air conduit 105 are in communication, there may be only one of overpressure valves 206a or 206b.
  • main unit 200 comprising nasal interface 101 and optional features as described below:
  • nasal interface 101 and airway clearance module 201 are disposed within interface housing 301.
  • the airway obstruction mechanism 209 is slidably attached to interface housing 301.
  • Air intake cover 304 is attached to nasal interface 101 and airway clearance module 201 to cover air intake 204 and has a plurality of holes to prevent unwanted objects from entering air intake 204 without unduly restricting airflow to air intake 204.
  • air intake cover 304 When fitted to a first side of the interface housing 301, air intake cover 304 should form a substantial seal with the interface housing 301 such that air entering the interface is substantially through the plurality of holes on air intake cover 304.
  • Projections 309a and 309b protrude from a second side of interface housing 301 and allow mating of interface housing 301 to secondary housing 302 which partially houses the first nasal pillow 102 and second nasal pillow 103.
  • Attachment extensions 310a and 310b extend from secondary housing 302. Disposed on attachments extensions 310a and 310b are guiding grooves 306a and 306b, first attachment points 307a and 307b and second attachment points 308a and 308b. Guiding grooves 306a and 306b provide cable management for third wave guide 303 and/or electrical cabling 305. While 306a as depicted in Figs 3 and 5 is not in active use, it is provisioned to allow for the flipping of nasal interface such that the acoustic conduit 104 is now on the anatomical right of the subject.
  • First attachment points 307a and 307b and second attachment points 308a and 308b serve as attachments points to allow the system 100 to be secured to the subject for hands-free operation.
  • First attachment points 307a and 307b and second attachment points 308a and 308b are rotatable to accommodate a variety of attachment configurations.
  • Acoustic waves are delivered by third wave guide 303 to second wave guide 207.
  • Electrical cabling 305 provides power to electromechanical components of airway clearance module 201.
  • Externally facing Attorney Docket #542-15092 elements described above that form part of the housing may be made from a plastic including but not limited to polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, poly vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polycarbonate, acetal, polysulfone and polyurethane.
  • a plastic including but not limited to polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, poly vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polycarbonate, acetal, polysulfone and polyurethane.
  • air intake cover 304 is fitted directly to air intake 204. In some embodiments, there are multiple air intake covers. In some embodiments, the airway obstruction mechanism 209 is slidably attached to airway clearance module 201.
  • first attachment points 307a and 307b serve as attachment points for a head strap or headband.
  • second attachment points 308a and 308b serve as attachment points for a chin strap.
  • main unit 200 disclosed herein may be in the formfactor of either a handheld device or worn on a user’s body. In some embodiments, the main unit 200 may be accommodated on a user’s head, face, ears or other parts of the body including neck, back or hip.
  • the system 100 is depicted in an expanded configuration 500 comprising main unit 200, a device hub 501 connected to main unit 200 by way of third wave guide 303 and electrical cabling 305, and, disposed between the acoustic conduit 104 and device hub 501, a bio-barrier 502 in communication with third wave guide 303.
  • an acoustic wave generator (not depicted) comprising an electroacoustic transducer (not depicted) disposed within device hub 501 and configured to receive and convert an electrical signal to acoustic waves.
  • the acoustic wave generator can be any device that can generate acoustic waves with characteristics as required to loosen biofluids in airway of the subject.
  • the acoustic wave generator further comprises third wave guide 303 in communication with the electroacoustic transducer to communicate acoustic waves generated by the acoustic wave generator to acoustic conduit 104.
  • the characteristics of the acoustic waves generated by the acoustic wave generator can be configured according to therapeutic and/or subject requirements. In some embodiments of the disclosure, a subject does not tolerate lower frequency acoustic waves well, the output of lower frequency waves can be reduced in duration or stopped.
  • the acoustic wave generator can be configured to generate acoustic waves that are percussions, vibrations or a combination Attorney Docket #542-15092 thereof. To this end, the acoustic wave generator may have non-volatile memory to store predetermined waveforms and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) to convert the stored digital wave forms into analog waveforms.
  • the acoustic wave generator is a pneumatic pump. In some embodiments the acoustic waves generated by the acoustic wave generator are vibrations and/or percussions.
  • Bio-barrier 502 is a silicone diaphragm that functions as a mechanical amplifier of the acoustic waves generated by the electro-acoustic transducer.
  • the silicone diaphragm also functions as a physical barrier which prevents bio-fluids from entering device hub 501 by way of third wave guide 303.
  • the silicone diaphragm further serves as a high pass filter.
  • Other materials that are sufficient to physically isolate device hub 501, specifically the electroacoustic transducer from biofluids while being suitably acoustically transparent can be used as a bio-barrier.
  • bio-barrier 502 may be used to alter the properties of the pressure/percussive waves.
  • bio-barrier 502 comprises substantially of but not limited to a laminate, a polymer such as polypropylene, aramid fibres, carbon fibre or paper composites.
  • an amplifier can be used to dynamically adjust a particular characteristic of the analog waveforms prior to conversion to acoustic waves by the electroacoustic transducer.
  • the adjustment is performed in the digital domain, i.e. to digital waveforms.
  • characteristics that can be adjusted include amplitude and frequency of the wave form.
  • device hub 501 is disposed within interface housing 301 and/or secondary housing 302. In some embodiments, device hub 501 is disposed separately but proximate to interface housing 301 and/or secondary housing 302.
  • second wave guide 207 and third wave guide 303 are/or are regarded as a single wave guide.
  • the noise reduction mechanism comprises at least but not limited to lining at least one of the first wave guide 202 second wave guide 207, third wave guide 303 and acoustic wave generator with sound insulation material.
  • the sound insulation material is a metamaterial. Any method of reducing the leakage of acoustic waves that are being communicated by the acoustic conduit 104 to the subject’s surroundings may be Attorney Docket #542-15092 employed.
  • the noise reduction mechanism comprises specific cavity geometries.
  • a method for assisting clearance of a biofluid from an airway of a subject comprising administering percussions or vibrations to a subject to loosen the biofluid in the airway of the subject and administering a PEP to the subject to mobilize the loosened biofluids from a distal airway to a central airway for expectoration.
  • the percussions or vibrations and PEP are administered simultaneously or sequentially. In some embodiments the percussions or vibrations are administered throughout the respiratory circle. In some embodiments, the percussions or vibrations and PEP are administered via separate nostrils, in other words percussions or vibrations via a first nostril and PEP via a second nostril. In some embodiments the percussions or vibrations and PEP are each administered via each nostril. According to some embodiments, the simultaneous and substantial sealing of both nostrils results in substantially larger increases in airway pressure during exhalation. Fig. 6 depicts airway pressure over time during respiratory cycles when both nostrils are substantially sealed as compared to administration via the mouth. Further, and with reference to Fig.
  • the settings represent both frequency of acoustic and degree of obstruction as applicable with setting 1 being low stimuli frequency (in case of Acoustic only) / low degree of obstruction (in case of PEP only) and low stimuli frequency & low degree of obstruction (in case of Acoustic + PEP) and setting 5 being high stimuli frequency (in case of Acoustic only) / high degree of obstruction (in case of PEP only) and high stimuli frequency & high degree of obstruction (in case of Acoustic + PEP) with settings 2-4 being intermediate settings in ascending intensity.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système pour faciliter l'élimination de fluides biologiques chez un sujet. Le système comprend une interface nasale ayant un premier et un second coussinet nasal chacun conçu pour former sensiblement une jonction étanche avec une narine du sujet. L'interface nasale comprend en outre un conduit acoustique conçu pour recevoir et communiquer des ondes acoustiques aux voies respiratoires par l'intermédiaire du premier coussinet nasal et/ou du second coussinet nasal et un premier conduit d'air en communication avec le premier coussinet nasal, conçu pour diriger l'air expiré vers une sortie d'air.
PCT/SG2023/050601 2023-02-24 2023-08-31 Système et procédé de dégagement combiné des voies respiratoires Ceased WO2024177563A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025014428A1 (fr) * 2023-07-12 2025-01-16 Singapore Innovate Pte. Ltd. Dispositif de dégagement des voies respiratoires

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