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WO2024176795A1 - Dispositif de climatisation - Google Patents

Dispositif de climatisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024176795A1
WO2024176795A1 PCT/JP2024/003666 JP2024003666W WO2024176795A1 WO 2024176795 A1 WO2024176795 A1 WO 2024176795A1 JP 2024003666 W JP2024003666 W JP 2024003666W WO 2024176795 A1 WO2024176795 A1 WO 2024176795A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
indoor
outdoor
unit
temperature
refrigerant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2024/003666
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
智紀 清水
賢 三浦
峻 浅利
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Japan Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Japan Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Japan Corp filed Critical Carrier Japan Corp
Priority to CN202480011649.5A priority Critical patent/CN120677337A/zh
Priority to DE112024000979.4T priority patent/DE112024000979T5/de
Publication of WO2024176795A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024176795A1/fr
Priority to US19/305,983 priority patent/US20250369672A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/86—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
    • F24F2110/64—Airborne particle content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0231—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with simultaneous cooling and heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/029—Control issues
    • F25B2313/0291—Control issues related to the pressure of the indoor unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves

Definitions

  • An embodiment of the present invention relates to an air conditioning device.
  • an outdoor unit with a compressor, four-way valve, and outdoor heat exchanger is connected by refrigerant piping to an indoor unit with a flow control device such as an expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger, forming a refrigerant circuit that circulates the refrigerant.
  • Air conditioners cool by absorbing heat from the air when the refrigerant evaporates in the indoor heat exchanger, and heat by releasing heat to the air when the refrigerant condenses.
  • air conditioners that can perform simultaneous cooling and heating operation (mixed cooling and heating operation) by determining whether heating or cooling is appropriate based on the temperature setting on the remote control provided for each indoor unit and the temperature around the indoor unit, and can perform either cooling or heating for each indoor unit.
  • the amount of heat exchange in the outdoor unit can be reduced, improving the comfort and energy efficiency of the air conditioner.
  • the flow rate of refrigerant to the outdoor heat exchanger according to the respective capacities of cooling and heating operation, the amount of heat exchange in the outdoor unit can be controlled, allowing for operation with improved comfort and energy efficiency.
  • the outdoor unit when the outdoor unit is mainly operated for heating during simultaneous heating and cooling operation when the outdoor temperature is low, the outdoor heat exchanger becomes a low outdoor temperature evaporator, and the indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit during cooling operation becomes a room temperature evaporator.
  • the evaporation temperature becomes closer to the outdoor temperature, and the difference between the evaporation temperature and the indoor temperature in the indoor unit becomes larger, resulting in a higher degree of superheat.
  • the target degree of superheat is set to a small value.
  • the opening of the expansion valve may become too large.
  • the outdoor temperature (outdoor air temperature) may become lower than the evaporation temperature, and the refrigerant may accumulate in the outdoor heat exchanger or low-pressure receiver, causing a decrease in the liquid pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the liquid pipe (liquid pipe pressure).
  • a similar decrease in liquid pressure may also occur when the outdoor unit is mainly operated for cooling and the outdoor heat exchanger becomes a condenser.
  • Patent No. 2522361 International Publication No. 2016/009488
  • the present invention was made based on this, and its purpose is to provide an air conditioner that can appropriately suppress the drop in liquid pipe pressure during simultaneous cooling and heating operation.
  • An air conditioning apparatus includes an outdoor unit, a plurality of indoor units, a plurality of switching units, and a control unit.
  • the outdoor unit has a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor blower, an outdoor expansion valve, and an outdoor temperature detection unit.
  • the compressor draws in a refrigerant, compresses it, and discharges it.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger functions as an evaporator or a condenser that exchanges heat between outdoor air and the refrigerant.
  • the outdoor blower draws in the outdoor air and blows the air that has been heat exchanged in the outdoor heat exchanger out to the outside.
  • the outdoor expansion valve adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger depending on its opening degree.
  • the outdoor temperature detection unit detects the outdoor temperature, which is the temperature of the outdoor air.
  • the indoor unit has an indoor heat exchanger, an indoor blower, an indoor expansion valve, and an indoor temperature detection unit.
  • the indoor heat exchanger functions as a condenser or evaporator that exchanges heat between indoor air and the refrigerant.
  • the indoor blower draws in indoor air and blows out the air that has been heat exchanged in the indoor heat exchanger into the room.
  • the indoor expansion valve adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger according to its opening degree.
  • the indoor temperature detection unit detects the indoor temperature, which is the temperature of the air in the room.
  • the switching unit switches the flow of the refrigerant between the outdoor unit and each of the indoor units to one of two flow paths for cooling and heating.
  • the control unit controls the operation of the outdoor unit, the indoor units, and the switching units, and switches each of the indoor units between cooling and heating operation.
  • the control unit adjusts the opening degree of the indoor expansion valve of the indoor unit in the cooling operation in accordance with the outdoor temperature and the indoor temperature detected by the indoor temperature detection unit of the indoor unit in the heating operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating an air conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a control flow diagram during opening degree adjustment processing in the air conditioning apparatus according to the embodiment.
  • 5 is a diagram showing an example of a relationship between the indoor/outdoor temperature difference (the difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature) and a correction value for a target degree of superheat in an air conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a control flow diagram during opening degree adjustment processing in the air conditioning apparatus according to the embodiment.
  • 5 is a diagram showing an example of a relationship between the indoor/outdoor temperature difference (the difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature) and a correction value for a target degree of superheat in an air conditioning apparatus according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an air conditioner 1 according to this embodiment.
  • the air conditioner 1 includes one outdoor unit 2 and multiple indoor units 4 connected by a flow path through which a refrigerant flows.
  • FIG. 1 shows a configuration example in which three indoor units 4 (4a, 4b, 4c) are connected to one outdoor unit 2, but the number of indoor units 4 is not limited to this.
  • the flow path is configured by connecting multiple pipes. These pipes include a pipe (hereinafter referred to as an outdoor side pipe) 201 that constitutes the flow path on the outdoor unit 2 side, and a pipe (hereinafter referred to as an indoor side pipe) 401 that constitutes the flow path of the indoor unit 4.
  • the air conditioning device 1 also includes multiple switching units 6 that switch the flow of refrigerant between the outdoor unit 2 and each of the multiple indoor units 4 to one of two flow paths, cooling or heating.
  • Each of the multiple switching units 6 is provided for each of the multiple indoor units 4.
  • the example shown in FIG. 1 shows a configuration example in which three switching units 6 (6a, 6b, 6c) are provided, one for each of the three indoor units 4.
  • the number of switching units 6 needs to match the number of indoor units 4. In this way, a specific switching unit 6 is linked to each of the multiple indoor units 4.
  • the air conditioner 1 is capable of simultaneous cooling and heating operation (mixed cooling and heating operation). Simultaneous cooling and heating operation is an operating mode of the air conditioner 1 in which each of the multiple indoor units 4 can operate in either cooling operation or heating operation at will. During simultaneous cooling and heating operation, the air conditioner 1 operates in either a cooling-dominant operating mode in which the outdoor unit 2 operates in cooling mode, or a heating-dominant operating mode in which the outdoor unit 2 operates in heating mode.
  • simultaneous heating and cooling operation is assumed to be in a state in which the air conditioning device 1 is primarily in heating operation, the outdoor unit 2 is in heating operation, and there are (a mixture of) indoor units 4 in cooling operation and indoor units 4 in heating operation.
  • cooling operation thermo-on state When the indoor unit 4 is in cooling operation, this means that the indoor unit 4 is actually in cooling operation at that time (hereinafter referred to as cooling operation thermo-on state).
  • heating operation thermo-on state When the indoor unit 4 is in heating operation, this means that the indoor unit 4 is actually in heating operation at that time (hereinafter referred to as heating operation thermo-on state).
  • States other than the two states of cooling operation and heating operation include a state in which the indoor unit 4 is stopped (operation has ended), a thermo-off state in cooling operation (hereinafter referred to as the cooling operation thermo-off state), and a thermo-off state in heating operation (hereinafter referred to as the heating operation thermo-off state).
  • the thermo-off state is, for example, a state in which the indoor temperature has reached the cooling set temperature and cooling operation has been temporarily stopped, or a state in which the indoor temperature has reached the heating set temperature and heating operation has been temporarily stopped.
  • the air conditioning device 1 includes a control unit 8 that controls the operation of the outdoor unit 2, the multiple indoor units 4, and the multiple switching units 6, and switches each of the multiple indoor units 4 between cooling and heating operation.
  • the outdoor unit 2 has as its main components a compressor 202, an outdoor heat exchanger 203, an outdoor blower 204, an outdoor expansion valve 205, an outdoor temperature detection unit 206, etc.
  • the compressor 202 draws in refrigerant from the suction pipe 201a, compresses it, and discharges the compressed refrigerant to the discharge pipe 201b.
  • the suction pipe 201a and the discharge pipe 201b each form part of the outdoor piping 201.
  • the compressor 202 is configured with a sealed container, a rotating shaft, a compression mechanism, an electric mechanism, etc., and discharges high-temperature, high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant to the discharge pipe 201b.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 203 exchanges heat between the outdoor air and the refrigerant.
  • the air conditioner 1 is mainly in heating operation and simultaneously operates in heating and cooling.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 203 functions as an evaporator, and evaporates the liquid phase refrigerant or the two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant that has been heat exchanged in the indoor heat exchanger 402 (indoor unit 4a in the example shown in FIG. 1) of the indoor unit 4 in the heating operation thermo-on state by heat exchange with the air, and changes it into a low-temperature, low-pressure gas phase refrigerant or a two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 203 functions as a condenser.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 203 condenses the high-temperature, high-pressure gas phase refrigerant discharged from the compressor 202 by heat exchange with the air, and changes it into a high-pressure liquid phase refrigerant.
  • the outdoor blower 204 draws in outdoor air (hereinafter referred to as outside air) and blows the air outside after heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger 203.
  • the outdoor air drawn in by the outdoor blower 204 is blown onto the outdoor heat exchanger 203. This allows heat exchange between the outdoor air and the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger 203.
  • the outdoor blower 204 is positioned near the outdoor heat exchanger 203.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 205 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger 203 according to its opening.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 205 has a valve structure in which the amount of refrigerant throttled is adjusted by controlling the valve opening between a minimum and maximum opening, for example, and is configured as a PMV (Pulse Motor Valve) whose opening changes continuously according to the number of drive pulses supplied.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 205 has its opening adjusted by the control unit 8, and provides the current opening (actual opening) value to the control unit 8 via wired or wireless communication.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 205 is disposed in a flow path (hereinafter referred to as a liquid pipe) 90 through which liquid-phase refrigerant or two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant flows.
  • the liquid pipe 90 is configured, for example, by connecting multiple pipes with a joint (packed valve, for example) PV0, with one end connected to the outdoor expansion valve 205 and the other end connected to an indoor expansion valve 404 of each indoor unit 4 described later.
  • the liquid pipe 90 constitutes a part of the outdoor pipe 201 and the indoor pipe 401.
  • the air conditioning device 1 is mainly in heating operation and is in simultaneous cooling and heating operation, that is, the outdoor unit 2 is in heating operation.
  • the liquid pipe 90 is filled with liquid-phase refrigerant or two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant returned from the indoor unit 4 (indoor unit 4a in the example shown in FIG. 1) during heating operation (heating operation thermo-on state).
  • liquid phase refrigerant or two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant that has been heat exchanged in the outdoor heat exchanger 203 flows through the liquid pipe 90.
  • high-temperature, high-pressure gas phase refrigerant discharged from the compressor 202 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 203, guided by the second four-way valve 208 described below.
  • the second four-way valve 208 has ports connected as shown by the dashed lines in FIG. 1.
  • the outdoor temperature detection unit 206 detects the outdoor temperature, which is the temperature of the air outside, that is, the outside air temperature.
  • the outdoor is the outdoor space as opposed to the indoor space which is the space to be air-conditioned, such as an outdoor space in which the outdoor heat exchanger 203 and the outdoor blower 204 are installed.
  • the outdoor temperature detection unit 206 is, for example, a temperature sensor (thermistor) having a temperature sensor disposed near the outdoor heat exchanger 203 to detect the outdoor temperature.
  • the outdoor temperature detection unit 206 provides the detected outdoor temperature value to the control unit 8 via wired or wireless communication.
  • the air conditioning device 1 is mainly in heating operation, but is also in heating and cooling operation at the same time, and among the multiple indoor units 4, some are in cooling operation and some are in heating operation (a mixture).
  • indoor unit 4a is in heating operation, i.e., heating operation thermo-on state
  • indoor unit 4b is in heating operation thermo-off state
  • indoor unit 4c is in cooling operation, i.e., cooling operation thermo-on state.
  • Each of these multiple indoor units 4 has as its main components an indoor heat exchanger 402, an indoor blower 403, an indoor expansion valve 404, an indoor temperature detection unit 405, etc.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 402 exchanges heat between the indoor air and the refrigerant.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 402a of the indoor unit 4a in heating operation thermo-on state and the indoor heat exchanger 402b of the indoor unit 4b in heating operation thermo-off state function as condensers.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 402c of the indoor unit 4c in cooling operation thermo-on state functions as an evaporator.
  • the indoor blowers 403 (403a, 403b, 403c) draw in indoor air (hereinafter referred to as indoor air) and blow the air that has been heat exchanged in the indoor heat exchanger 402 into the room.
  • the outside air drawn in by the indoor blowers 403 is blown against the indoor heat exchanger 402. This allows heat exchange between the indoor air and the refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 402.
  • the indoor blowers 403 are positioned near the indoor heat exchanger 402.
  • the indoor expansion valve 404 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 402 according to its opening.
  • the indoor expansion valve 404 has a valve structure in which the amount of refrigerant throttling is adjusted by controlling the valve opening between a minimum and maximum opening, for example, and is configured as a PMV (Pulse Motor Valve) whose opening changes continuously according to the number of drive pulses supplied.
  • the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404 is adjusted by the control unit 8, and the current opening (actual opening) value is provided to the control unit 8 via wired or wireless communication.
  • the indoor expansion valve 404 is disposed in the liquid pipe 90.
  • the indoor expansion valve 404a is disposed in a first branch pipe 90a that branches off from the liquid pipe 90.
  • the indoor expansion valve 404b is disposed in a second branch pipe 90b that branches off from the liquid pipe 90.
  • the indoor expansion valve 404c is disposed in a third branch pipe 90c that branches off from the liquid pipe 90.
  • the third branch pipe 90c corresponds to the other end of the liquid pipe.
  • the indoor expansion valve 404 When the indoor unit 4 is in the cooling thermo-on state and the heating thermo-on state, the indoor expansion valve 404 is open. On the other hand, when the indoor unit 4 is in the cooling thermo-off state and the heating thermo-off state, the indoor expansion valve 404 is closed. Also, when the indoor unit 4 is stopped, the indoor expansion valve 404 is closed. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the indoor expansion valve 404a of the indoor unit 4a in the heating operation thermo-on state and the indoor expansion valve 404c of the indoor unit 4c in the cooling operation thermo-on state are open. On the other hand, the indoor expansion valve 404b of the indoor unit 4b in the heating operation thermo-off state is closed.
  • the indoor temperature detection unit 405 detects the indoor temperature, which is the temperature of the air in the room to be conditioned by the indoor unit 4, i.e., the inside air temperature.
  • the indoor temperature detection unit 405 is, for example, a temperature sensor (thermistor) that detects the indoor temperature by placing a temperature sensor in the housing of the indoor unit 4.
  • the indoor temperature detection unit 405 provides the detected indoor temperature value to the control unit 8 via wired or wireless communication.
  • each of the three indoor units 4a, 4b, 4c is provided with one indoor temperature detection unit 405a, 405b, 405c.
  • Each of the multiple switching units 6 switches the flow of refrigerant between the outdoor unit 2 and each of the multiple indoor units 4 to one of two flow paths, cooling and heating.
  • Each switching unit 6 is provided corresponding to each of the multiple indoor units 4.
  • three switching units 6a, 6b, and 6c are provided, one each corresponding to the three indoor units 4a, 4b, and 4c.
  • switching unit 6 when there is something common to these three switching units 6a, 6b, and 6c, they will be referred to as switching unit 6, and the components of each switching unit 6a, 6b, and 6c will be given the corresponding suffix.
  • each switching unit 6 has two switching valves 61 and 62 .
  • One of the two switching valves (hereinafter referred to as the first switching valve 61) switches between flowing in and blocking the refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger 402.
  • the first switching valve 61 opens when the corresponding indoor unit 4 is in a heating operation thermo-on state or a heating operation thermo-off state.
  • the first switching valve 61 closes when the corresponding indoor unit 4 is in a cooling operation thermo-on state or a cooling operation thermo-off state.
  • the other of the two switching valves switches between allowing and blocking the flow of refrigerant from the indoor heat exchanger 402.
  • the second switching valve 62 opens when the corresponding indoor unit 4 is in the cooling operation thermo-on state and the cooling operation thermo-off state.
  • the second switching valve 62 closes when the corresponding indoor unit 4 is in the heating operation thermo-on state and the heating operation thermo-off state.
  • At least one of the first switching valve 61 and the second switching valve 62 is closed when the corresponding indoor unit 4 is stopped.
  • the first switching valve 61a of the switching unit 6a corresponding to the indoor unit 4a in the heating operation thermo-on state and the first switching valve 61b of the switching unit 6b corresponding to the indoor unit 4b in the heating operation thermo-off state are open, while the second switching valves 62a, 62b of the switching units 6a, 6b corresponding to these indoor units 4a, 4b are closed.
  • the second switching valve 62c of the switching unit 6c corresponding to the indoor unit 4c in the cooling operation thermo-on state is open, while the first switching valve 61c of the switching unit 6c corresponding to this indoor unit 4c is closed.
  • the first switching valve 61 and the second switching valve 62 have a valve structure that can cut off the flow of refrigerant by controlling the valve opening, for example, and are configured as PMVs (Pulse Motor Valves) whose opening changes continuously depending on the number of drive pulses supplied.
  • the first switching valve 61 and the second switching valve 62 are operationally controlled, for example their opening adjusted, by the control unit 8 described below, and the opening value is provided to the control unit 8 via wire or wirelessly.
  • the first switching valve 61 is disposed in a flow path (hereinafter referred to as a first gas pipe) 91 through which the high-temperature, high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant discharged from the compressor 202 flows.
  • the first gas pipe 91 is configured, for example, by connecting multiple pipes with a joint (packed valve, for example) PV1, and one end is connected to the discharge pipe 201b via a four-way valve (first four-way valve) 207, and the other end is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 402 of each indoor unit 4.
  • the first gas pipe 91 constitutes a part of the outdoor side pipe 201 and the indoor side pipe 401.
  • the first four-way valve 207 has one of its four ports blocked, and essentially functions as a three-way valve.
  • the high-temperature, high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant discharged from the compressor 202 is guided by the four-way valve (second four-way valve) 208 and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 203, and a portion of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant discharged from the compressor 202 is guided by the first four-way valve 207 and flows through the first gas pipe 91.
  • the first switching valve 61a is disposed in a first branch pipe 91a that branches off from the first gas pipe 91.
  • the first switching valve 61b is disposed in a second branch pipe 91b that branches off from the first gas pipe 91.
  • the first switching valve 61c is disposed in a third branch pipe 91c that branches off from the first gas pipe 91.
  • the third branch pipe 91c corresponds to the other end of the first gas pipe 91.
  • the second switching valve 62 is disposed in a flow path (hereinafter referred to as a second gas pipe) 92 through which the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 402 of the indoor unit 4 during cooling operation (cooling thermo-on state), for example, the gas-phase refrigerant evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 402 or the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, flows.
  • the second gas pipe 92 is formed, for example, by connecting a plurality of pipes with a joint (packed valve as an example) PV2, and one end is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 402 of each indoor unit 4, and the other end is connected to the accumulator (first accumulator) 209.
  • the second gas pipe 92 merges with the first gas pipe 91 between the indoor heat exchanger 402 and the switching unit 6 (the first switching valve 61 and the second switching valve 62).
  • the second gas pipe 92 constitutes a part of the outdoor side pipe 201 and the indoor side pipe 401.
  • the accumulator 209 separates the refrigerant flowing out from the indoor heat exchanger 402 of the indoor unit 4 during cooling operation into gas and liquid, and supplies only the gas-phase refrigerant to the compressor 202.
  • the refrigerant separated into gas and liquid in the accumulator 209 is guided to a gas-liquid separator (second accumulator) 210.
  • the gas-liquid separator 210 further separates the refrigerant into gas and liquid so that the compressor 202 does not compress the liquid-phase refrigerant.
  • the second switching valve 62a is disposed in a first branch pipe 92a that branches off from the second gas pipe 92.
  • the second switching valve 62b is disposed in a second branch pipe 92b that branches off from the second gas pipe 92.
  • the second switching valve 62c is disposed in a third branch pipe 92c that branches off from the second gas pipe 92.
  • the third branch pipe 92c corresponds to one end of the second gas pipe 92.
  • the refrigerant flows as shown by the white arrows in FIG. 1.
  • the gas phase refrigerant discharged from the compressor 202 to the discharge pipe 201b is guided to the first gas pipe 91 by the first four-way valve 207.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the first gas pipe 91 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 402a through the first switching valve 61a of the switching unit 6a corresponding to the indoor unit 4a in heating operation (heating operation thermo-on state).
  • the refrigerant that flows into the indoor heat exchanger 402a and changes to liquid phase or two-phase gas-liquid flows through the indoor expansion valve 404a and into the liquid pipe 90.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the liquid pipe 90 passes through the outdoor expansion valve 205 and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 203.
  • the refrigerant that flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 203 and changes to a gas phase or two-phase gas-liquid is guided to the accumulator 209 by the second four-way valve 208.
  • a part of the refrigerant flowing through the liquid pipe 90 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 402c through the indoor expansion valve 404c of the indoor unit 4c during cooling operation (cooling operation thermo-on state).
  • the refrigerant that flows into the indoor heat exchanger 402c and changes to a gas phase or two-phase gas-liquid flows through the second gas pipe 92 through the second switching valve 62c of the switching unit 6c corresponding to the indoor unit 4c.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the second gas pipe 92 is guided to the accumulator 209 by the first four-way valve 207.
  • the refrigerant introduced into the accumulator 209 is separated into gas and liquid through the gas-liquid separator 210.
  • the separated gas-phase refrigerant is then returned to the compressor 202.
  • the control unit 8 controls the operation of the outdoor unit 2, the multiple indoor units 4, and the multiple switching units 6. The control unit 8 then switches the flow of refrigerant and switches each of the multiple indoor units 4 between cooling and heating operation.
  • the control unit 8 includes a CPU, memory, a storage device (non-volatile memory), an input/output circuit, a timer, etc., and executes predetermined calculation processing. For example, the control unit 8 reads various data via the input/output circuit, performs calculation processing using a program read from the storage device to the memory in the CPU, and controls the operation of the compressor 202, outdoor blower 204, outdoor expansion valve 205, outdoor temperature detection unit 206, indoor blower 403, indoor expansion valve 404, first switching valve 61, second switching valve 62, etc. based on the processing results.
  • the control unit 8 has an operation control section 81 that performs such operation control.
  • the operation control section 81 is configured as a program (operation control program) that causes the CPU to execute predetermined calculation processes for controlling the operation of each of the above-mentioned components (operation control targets), such as startup (start of operation) and shutdown.
  • the operation control section 81 is stored, for example, in a storage device (non-volatile memory) of the control unit 8 and is read into the memory during execution.
  • the operation control section 81 transmits and receives control signals and data signals to and from the operation control targets via wire or wireless. In other words, the operation control section 81 and the operation control targets are electrically connected via wire or wireless.
  • the air conditioning device 1 is operated in simultaneous heating and cooling operations with heating as the main operation. That is, the outdoor heat exchanger 203 of the outdoor unit 2 functions as an evaporator, and among the multiple indoor units 4, some are in cooling operation and some are in heating operation.
  • the control unit 8 adjusts the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 in cooling operation (cooling operation thermo-on state). To perform such adjustment (hereinafter referred to as opening adjustment processing), the control unit 8 has an opening adjustment unit 82.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 is configured as a program (opening adjustment program) that causes the CPU to execute a predetermined calculation process for adjusting the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 in cooling operation, for example.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 is stored, for example, in a storage device (non-volatile memory) of the control unit 8 and is read into the memory when executed.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 adjusts the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404c of the indoor unit 4c during cooling operation (cooling operation thermo-on state). On the other hand, the opening adjustment unit 82 does not adjust the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404a of the indoor unit 4a during heating operation (heating operation thermo-on state) and the indoor expansion valve 404b of the indoor unit 4b in heating operation thermo-off state, and maintains them at their current openings.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 adjusts the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 during cooling operation according to the outdoor temperature and the indoor temperature. For example, the opening adjustment unit 82 adjusts the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 during cooling operation (cooling operation thermo-on state) according to the difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature (hereinafter referred to as the indoor/outdoor temperature difference). At that time, the opening adjustment unit 82 corrects the target degree of superheat of the refrigerant.
  • the target degree of superheat is a target value when controlling the degree of superheat of the refrigerant.
  • the degree of superheat is calculated as the difference (TS-TE) between the temperature (TS) of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 202 and the temperature (TE) of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 203, which is an evaporator.
  • FIG. 8 shows the control flow of the control unit 8 in the opening investigation process.
  • the control unit 8 reads, for example, an operation control program which is the operation control unit 81 and an opening adjustment program which is the opening adjustment unit 82 from the storage device (non-volatile memory) to memory, and executes them with the CPU.
  • the air conditioning device 1 starts operation (S101). Specifically, the operation control unit 81 starts the compressor 202 and opens the outdoor expansion valve 205, etc., to circulate the refrigerant through the flow path formed by the outdoor piping 201 and the indoor piping 401.
  • the air conditioning device 1 operates in a heating mode where the outdoor unit 2 performs heating operation, and the outdoor heat exchanger 203 functions as an evaporator.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 determines the operating conditions of the air conditioning device 1.
  • the operating conditions are conditions for determining whether the air conditioning device 1 is operating in simultaneous cooling and heating.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 determines whether the air conditioning device 1 is operating in simultaneous cooling and heating, that is, whether there is a mixture of indoor units 4 that are operating in cooling and heating (S102).
  • the indoor unit 4 is started by, for example, a user setting either cooling operation or heating operation using a remote control. At that time, if the indoor unit 4 is in a cooling operation thermo-on state and a cooling operation thermo-off state, the control unit 8 closes the first switching valve 61 of the switching unit 6 corresponding to the indoor unit 4 and opens the second switching valve 62. In contrast, if the indoor unit 4 is in a heating operation thermo-on state and a heating operation thermo-off state, the control unit 8 opens the first switching valve 61 of the switching unit 6 corresponding to the indoor unit 4 and closes the second switching valve 62.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 determines that the air conditioning device 1 is performing simultaneous cooling and heating operation, that is, the operating conditions are met. On the other hand, if all of the first switching valves 61 are closed and all of the second switching valves 62 are open, or vice versa, the opening adjustment unit 82 determines that the air conditioning device 1 is not simultaneously cooling and heating, that is, the operating conditions are not met.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 determines that the air conditioning device 1 is performing simultaneous cooling and heating operation, that is, the operating conditions are met.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 determines the temperature condition.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 determines whether the difference between the indoor temperature (TA) and the outdoor temperature (TO) (indoor/outdoor temperature difference) exceeds a predetermined threshold (hereinafter referred to as the reference threshold) (X) (S103).
  • the indoor temperature (TA) is the temperature of the air in the room of the air-conditioned object conditioned by the indoor unit 4 during heating operation (heating operation thermo-on state), that is, the temperature detected by the indoor temperature detection unit 405 of the indoor unit 4 during heating operation.
  • the outdoor temperature (TO) is the temperature detected by the outdoor temperature detection unit 206 of the outdoor unit 2.
  • the indoor/outdoor temperature difference is the difference between the indoor temperature of the air-conditioned object conditioned by the indoor unit 4 during heating operation (heating operation thermo-on state) and the outdoor temperature.
  • the higher of the temperatures detected by the indoor temperature detection units 405 of each of these indoor units 4 may be set as the indoor temperature under the temperature conditions.
  • the temperature condition also serves as a condition for determining whether the liquid pipe pressure is decreasing, and if the condition is met, it can be determined that the liquid pipe pressure is decreasing.
  • the reference threshold (X) is the lower limit of the indoor/outdoor temperature difference that requires correction of the target degree of superheat of the refrigerant, and is set, for example, to about 0°C to 10°C.
  • the reference threshold also serves as a judgment threshold for whether the liquid pipe pressure is decreasing.
  • the set value of the reference threshold is stored, for example, in a storage device (non-volatile memory) of the control unit 8.
  • the stored reference threshold is read out when judging the temperature conditions in S103 and used as a parameter.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 obtains the outdoor temperature from the outdoor temperature detection unit 206 and the indoor temperature from the indoor temperature detection unit 405 of the indoor unit 4 during heating operation (heating operation thermo-on state). In the example shown in FIG. 1, the opening adjustment unit 82 obtains the indoor temperature from the indoor temperature detection unit 405a of the indoor unit 4a.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 corrects the target degree of superheat of the refrigerant (S104).
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 adds a predetermined correction value to the value of the target degree of superheat.
  • the correction value is set to be larger as the indoor/outdoor temperature difference exceeds the reference threshold.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the indoor/outdoor temperature difference and the correction value of the target degree of superheat. In the example shown in FIG.
  • the correction value when the indoor/outdoor temperature difference is equal to or smaller than the reference threshold, the correction value is 0, and when the indoor/outdoor temperature difference exceeds the reference threshold, the correction value increases in proportion to the indoor/outdoor temperature difference, as shown by the trajectory indicated by L3.
  • the relationship shown in FIG. 3 is merely an example, and the relationship between the indoor/outdoor temperature difference exceeding the reference threshold and the correction value of the target degree of superheat may be, for example, a relationship indicated by the trajectory of a quadratic function, or a relationship in which the correction value increases stepwise.
  • the corrected value of the target degree of superheat is stored, for example, in the memory of the control unit 8.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 controls the degree of superheat of the refrigerant so that it becomes the target degree of superheat (S105).
  • the degree of superheat of the refrigerant is controlled at the target degree of superheat. If the target degree of superheat was corrected in S104, the target degree of superheat in S105 is the corrected value.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 adjusts the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 during cooling operation so that the superheat degree of the refrigerant becomes the corrected target superheat degree. In other words, the opening adjustment unit 82 reduces the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 during cooling operation according to the corrected target superheat degree. As described above, the correction value of the target superheat degree becomes larger as the indoor/outdoor temperature difference exceeds the reference threshold value. Therefore, the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 during cooling operation becomes smaller (throttled) as the target superheat degree increases. In other words, the opening adjustment unit 82 adjusts the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 during cooling operation so that the opening becomes smaller as the indoor/outdoor temperature difference increases.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 adjusts the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404c of the indoor unit 4c so that the opening becomes smaller as the indoor/outdoor temperature difference becomes larger.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 does not adjust the opening of the indoor expansion valves 404a, 404b of the indoor units 4a, 4b, but maintains them at their current opening (the opening at the time of executing the opening adjustment process).
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 adjusts the opening of the indoor expansion valves 404 of all indoor units 4 in cooling operation.
  • the target superheat degree is a predetermined value that is set according to, for example, the rotation speed of the compressor 202, and is the value before correction as in S104 (as an example, the initial value).
  • the target superheat degree here corresponds to the target superheat degree before correction relative to the corrected target superheat degree.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 controls the degree of superheat of the refrigerant to the target degree of superheat (the target degree of superheat before correction).
  • the control unit 8 determines the conditions for stopping operation of the air conditioning apparatus 1 (S106).
  • the conditions for stopping operation are conditions for determining whether or not to stop operation of the air conditioning apparatus 1.
  • the conditions for stopping operation are determined, for example, based on whether the control unit 8 has received a signal indicating that operation of the air conditioning apparatus 1 should be stopped.
  • the signal indicating that operation should be stopped is transmitted, for example, when a user selects to stop operation from the operation panel of the outdoor unit 2 or the remote control of the indoor unit 4.
  • the operation control unit 81 stops the operation of the air conditioning device 1 (S107). If the stopped air conditioning device 1 subsequently starts cooling operation again, a new opening adjustment process is executed.
  • the opening adjustment unit 82 determines whether the air conditioning device 1 is performing simultaneous cooling and heating operation as the operating condition of the air conditioning device 1 (S102).Then, the control unit 8 (the operation control unit 81 and the opening adjustment unit 82) selectively executes the subsequent processes (S103 to S107) depending on the determination result of the operating condition. That is, a series of opening degree adjustment processes is repeated while the air conditioning apparatus 1 is operating. Then, when the operation of the air conditioning apparatus 1 is stopped, the series of opening degree adjustment processes also ends.
  • the opening degree of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 in cooling operation can be appropriately adjusted.
  • the opening degree of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 in cooling operation can be appropriately adjusted according to the difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature (indoor/outdoor temperature difference) of the air-conditioned object (hereinafter referred to as the heated room) air-conditioned by the indoor unit 4 in heating operation.
  • the opening degree of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 during cooling operation can be reduced as the indoor/outdoor temperature difference increases beyond the reference threshold. This makes it possible to suppress the reduction in liquid pipe pressure.
  • the target degree of superheat of the refrigerant can be corrected.
  • the correction value can be increased as the indoor/outdoor temperature difference exceeds the reference threshold. This makes it possible to increase the corrected target degree of superheat value compared to before correction.
  • the correction value can be set to 0, and the target degree of superheat value can be maintained.
  • the opening of the indoor expansion valve 404 of the indoor unit 4 during cooling operation can be reduced, and the drop in liquid pipe pressure can be appropriately suppressed.
  • the degree of superheat of the refrigerant can be controlled at the target degree of superheat (the value before correction; as an example, the initial value) without making a correction to increase the target degree of superheat. This makes it possible to operate the air conditioning device 1 with improved energy efficiency.
  • 1...air conditioning device 2...outdoor unit, 4, 4a, 4b, 4c...indoor unit, 6, 6a, 6b, 6c...switching unit, 8...control unit, 61, 61a, 61b, 61c...first switching valve, 62, 62a, 62b, 62c...second switching valve, 81...operation control unit, 82...opening adjustment unit, 90...liquid pipe, 90a...first branch pipe, 90b...second branch pipe, 90c...third branch pipe, 91...first gas pipe, 91a...first branch pipe, 91b...second branch pipe, 91c...third branch pipe, 92...second gas pipe, 92a...first branch pipe, 92b...second branch pipe, 92c...third branch pipe, 201...outdoor side piping, 201a...first piping (suction pipe ), 201b...second pipe (discharge pipe), 202...compressor, 203...outdoor heat exchanger, 204...outdoor blower, 205...outdoor expansion valve,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de climatisation selon un mode de réalisation comprenant une unité extérieure, une pluralité d'unités intérieures, une pluralité d'unités de commutation et une unité de commande. Les unités de commutation commutent l'écoulement de fluide frigorigène vers l'un ou l'autre de deux trajets d'écoulement qui se trouvent entre l'unité extérieure et la pluralité d'unités intérieures, l'un des deux trajets d'écoulement étant destiné au refroidissement et l'autre au chauffage. Si un échangeur de chaleur extérieur fonctionne comme un évaporateur et, que parmi la pluralité d'unités intérieures, certaines sont en fonctionnement de refroidissement et certaines sont en fonctionnement de chauffage, l'unité de commande règle le degré d'ouverture d'un détendeur intérieur d'une unité intérieure pendant une opération de refroidissement, un tel réglage étant en fonction de la température extérieure et de la température intérieure qui ont été détectées par une unité de détection de température intérieure d'une unité intérieure pendant une opération de chauffage.
PCT/JP2024/003666 2023-02-21 2024-02-05 Dispositif de climatisation Ceased WO2024176795A1 (fr)

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CN202480011649.5A CN120677337A (zh) 2023-02-21 2024-02-05 空调装置
DE112024000979.4T DE112024000979T5 (de) 2023-02-21 2024-02-05 Klimaanlage
US19/305,983 US20250369672A1 (en) 2023-02-21 2025-08-21 Air conditioning device

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JP2023024988A JP7540028B1 (ja) 2023-02-21 2023-02-21 空気調和装置
JP2023-024988 2023-02-21

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009011197A1 (fr) * 2007-07-18 2009-01-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération et procédé permettant de commander le fonctionnement d'un tel dispositif
JP2018054253A (ja) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009011197A1 (fr) * 2007-07-18 2009-01-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération et procédé permettant de commander le fonctionnement d'un tel dispositif
JP2018054253A (ja) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置

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CN120677337A (zh) 2025-09-19
DE112024000979T5 (de) 2025-12-11
US20250369672A1 (en) 2025-12-04
JP2024118610A (ja) 2024-09-02
JP7540028B1 (ja) 2024-08-26

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