[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2024174237A1 - Dispositifs, procédés et appareils de communication et de détection conjointes - Google Patents

Dispositifs, procédés et appareils de communication et de détection conjointes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024174237A1
WO2024174237A1 PCT/CN2023/078180 CN2023078180W WO2024174237A1 WO 2024174237 A1 WO2024174237 A1 WO 2024174237A1 CN 2023078180 W CN2023078180 W CN 2023078180W WO 2024174237 A1 WO2024174237 A1 WO 2024174237A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensing
communication
terminal device
network device
beams
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/078180
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Wenjian Wang
Fei Gao
Jianguo Liu
Yanni ZHOU
Chaojun Xu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy
Nokia Technologies Oy
Original Assignee
Nokia Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy
Nokia Technologies Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Shanghai Bell Co Ltd, Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy, Nokia Technologies Oy filed Critical Nokia Shanghai Bell Co Ltd
Priority to CN202380094692.8A priority Critical patent/CN120752946A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2023/078180 priority patent/WO2024174237A1/fr
Publication of WO2024174237A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024174237A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
    • H04B7/06952—Selecting one or more beams from a plurality of beams, e.g. beam training, management or sweeping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication, and in particular, to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for joint communication and sensing (JCAS) .
  • JCAS joint communication and sensing
  • JCAS joint communication and sensing
  • the JCAS has been envisioned as a key feature of the fifth-generation technology standard for broadband cellular networks (5G) beyond e.g. the sixth-generation technology standard for broadband cellular networks (6G) , which may save the hardware, improves the spectrum efficiency, and reduces the size of the devices.
  • 5G fifth-generation technology standard for broadband cellular networks
  • 6G sixth-generation technology standard for broadband cellular networks
  • the JCAS has become an active research area and many aspects of the JCAS are needed to be investigated.
  • example embodiments of the present disclosure provide devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for communication and sensing.
  • a terminal device may comprise one or more transceivers; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more transceivers.
  • the one or more transceivers are configured with the one or more processors to cause the terminal device to measure a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams.
  • the terminal device is further caused to transmit a measurement report to a network device based on the measuring.
  • the measurement report comprises first sensing assistance information for a beam resource allocation optimization, at least one identification (ID) of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • ID identification
  • a network device may comprise one or more transceivers; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more transceivers.
  • the one or more transceivers are configured with the one or more processors to cause the network device to transmit a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams to a terminal device.
  • the network device is further caused to receive a measurement report from the terminal device.
  • the measurement report comprises first sensing assistance information for a beam resource allocation optimization, at least one ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • a method implemented at a terminal device the terminal device measures first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams.
  • the terminal device transmits a measurement report to a network device based on the measuring.
  • the measurement report comprises first sensing assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization, at least one ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • a method implemented at a network device transmits a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams to a terminal device.
  • the network device receives a measurement report from the terminal device.
  • the measurement report comprises first sensing assistance information for a beam resource allocation optimization, at least one ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • an apparatus of a terminal device comprises: means for measuring a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams; and means for transmitting, based on the measuring, a measurement report to a network device, the measurement report comprising sensing assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization, at least one identification, ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • an apparatus of a network device comprises: means for transmitting a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams to a terminal device; and means for receiving a measurement report, the measurement from the terminal device, the measurement report comprising sensing assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization, at least one ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to any of third to fourth aspects.
  • a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to: measure a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams; and transmit a measurement report to a network device based on the measuring.
  • the measurement report comprises first sensing assistance information for a beam resource allocation optimization, at least one ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus at least to: transmit a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams to a terminal device; and receive a measurement report, the measurement from the terminal device, the measurement report comprising sensing assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization, at least one identification, ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • a terminal device comprising measuring circuitry configured to: measure a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams.
  • the terminal device further comprises transmitting circuitry configured to: transmit, based on the measuring, a measurement report to a network device, the measurement report comprising sensing assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization, at least one identification, ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • a network device comprising transmitting circuitry configured to: transmit a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams to a terminal device.
  • the network device further comprises receiving circuitry configured to: receive a measurement report, the measurement from the terminal device, the measurement report comprising sensing assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization, at least one ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • a terminal device comprising one or more memories; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories.
  • the one or more memories are configured with the one or more processors to cause the terminal device to measure a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams.
  • the terminal device is further caused to transmit a measurement report to a network device based on the measuring.
  • the measurement report comprises first sensing assistance information for a beam resource allocation optimization, at least one ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • a network device comprising one or more memories; and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the one or more memories.
  • the one or more memories are configured with the one or more processors to cause the network device to transmit a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams to a terminal device.
  • the network device is further caused to receive a measurement report from the terminal device.
  • the measurement report comprises first sensing assistance information for a beam resource allocation optimization, at least one ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • Fig. 1A illustrates an example network environment in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented
  • Fig. 1B illustrates an example process for multi-hierarchical communication beam management
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an example signaling process for communication and sensing according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 illustrates an example process for multi-hierarchical communication and sensing beam management according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 illustrates flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to example embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an example flowchart of a method implemented at a network device according to example embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of an apparatus that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an example block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • references in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
  • first and second etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments.
  • the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
  • circuitry may refer to one or more or all of the following:
  • circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware.
  • circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
  • the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as long term evolution (LTE) , LTE-advanced (LTE-A) , wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) , high-speed packet access (HSPA) , narrow band Internet of things (NB-IoT) and so on.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-advanced
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • HSPA high-speed packet access
  • NB-IoT narrow band Internet of things
  • the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5G-A, and/or beyond.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the
  • the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom.
  • the network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a new radio, (NR) NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology.
  • BS base station
  • AP access point
  • NodeB or NB node B
  • eNodeB or eNB evolved NodeB
  • NR new radio,
  • RRU remote radio unit
  • RH radio header
  • RRH remote radio
  • terminal device refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication.
  • a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a subscriber station (SS) , a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) , or an access terminal (AT) .
  • UE user equipment
  • SS subscriber station
  • MS mobile station
  • AT access terminal
  • the terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and/or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and/or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and/
  • radio signals may be reused for sensing the environment associated with the transmitter (which may be also referred to as sensing transmitter, ST) and the receiver (which may be also referred to as sensing receiver, SR) .
  • the SR may measure the radio signals reflected via objects in the environment, and evaluate the state of the objects based on the measurement.
  • the JCAS has more advanced infrastructure than Wi-Fi sensing, including larger antenna array, larger signal bandwidth, more powerful signal processing, and distributed and cooperative base-stations.
  • Wi-Fi sensing including larger antenna array, larger signal bandwidth, more powerful signal processing, and distributed and cooperative base-stations.
  • MIMO massive multiple-input and multiple-output
  • mmWave millimeter wave
  • JCAS equivalently possesses higher performance and accuracy for sensing. This enables radio devices to resolve numerous objects at a time and achieve sensing results with much better resolution. Therefore, JCAS has been envisioned as a key feature of 6G networks, which saves the hardware, improves the spectrum efficiency, and reduces the size of the devices. It has quickly become an active cross-disciplinary research area, but there exist many technical challenges.
  • Beamforming is the application of multiple radiating/antenna elements transmitting the same signal at an identical wavelength and phase is controlled for each antenna elements.
  • Antenna elements combine to create a single antenna with a longer, more targeted stream which is formed by reinforcing the waves in a specific direction. The more radiating elements that make up the antenna, the narrower the beam.
  • Beam steering is achieved by changing the phase of the input signal on all radiating elements. Phase shifting allows the signal to be targeted at a specific receiver.
  • the NR system adopts larger bandwidth and higher frequency band than long term evolution (LTE) system.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • the coverage and throughput of NR system may not be guaranteed with omnidirectional antennas due to hostile propagation qualities, including large path loss, atmospheric and rain absorptions, low diffraction around obstacles and penetration through objects on high frequency band. Therefore, NR system uses directional antennas and big antenna arrays to produce narrow beams with high beamforming gains.
  • a beam alignment solution may make TX beam match the array response vector of angle of departure (AoD) and make Rx beam match the array response vector of angle of arrival (AoA) .
  • AoD array response vector of angle of departure
  • AoA array response vector of angle of arrival
  • system performances can be improved by a well-designed beam alignment solution.
  • how to design and select proper Tx/Rx beams and trade off system performances and complexity/overhead is complex.
  • how to use the beamforming in the JCAS system is needed due to different beamforming requirements by communication and sensing.
  • a scheme for beam alignment is provided.
  • a terminal device measures a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams device. Then, the terminal device transmits a measurement report to a network device based on the measuring.
  • the measurement report includes first sensing assistance information for a beam resource allocation optimization (which may be also referred to as sensing assistance information B in this disclosure) .
  • the measurement report further includes at least one ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • the network device may use the information to refine the resource allocation to the communication beam and sensing beam simultaneously.
  • the embodiments propose a flexible JCAS beam alignment solution, which may optimize the beam alignment procedures considering both the communication and sensing in time and efficiency.
  • FIG. 1A illustrates an example network environment 100A in which example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.
  • the environment 100A which may be a part of a communication network, includes terminal devices and a network device communicating with each other or with other devices via each other.
  • the network environment 100A may comprise any suitable number of devices and cells.
  • the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 can communicate data and control information with each other.
  • a link from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110 is referred to as a DL, while a link from the terminal device 110 to the network device 120 is referred to as a UL.
  • the network environment 100A may include a terminal device 110, a network device 120 and other objects or a group of objects.
  • the other objects or the group of objects may include pedestrians 130, vehicles 150, rider 140, drones 160, and clouds 170. It is to be understood that the above objects are shown only for illustration, there may be also any other objects.
  • the signals transmitted between the terminal device 110 and the network device may be received via multiple paths, for example, the line of sight (LOS) path and the sensing path as shown.
  • the communication quality may mainly depend on the channel quality of the LOS path.
  • the sensing quality may depend on the channel quality of the sensing path and the communication quality.
  • the terminal device 110 may measure the characteristics of the signal to sense the environment. In turn, in JCAS system, the channel or path quality of the communication and the channel or path quality of the sensing should be considered simultaneously.
  • the sensing applications may be classified as several major areas, such as smart transportation, smart city, smart home, industrial IoT, environmental sensing, and sensing assisted communications.
  • the network environment 100A may include any suitable number of network devices and/or terminal devices adapted for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. Although not shown, it would be appreciated that one or more terminal devices may be located in the environment 100A.
  • Communications in the network environment 100A may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol (s) , comprising, but not limited to, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , the fifth generation (5G) , 5G-Advanced or beyond (6G) , wireless local network communication protocols such as institute for electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and/or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future.
  • s any proper communication protocol
  • s comprising, but not limited to, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , the fifth generation (5G) , 5G-Advanced or beyond (6G) , wireless local network communication protocols such as institute for electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and/or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future.
  • IEEE institute for electrical and electronics engineers
  • the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) , orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) , time division multiplexing (TDM) , frequency division multiplexing (FDM) , code division multiplexing (CDM) , Bluetooth, ZigBee, and machine type communication (MTC) , enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) , massive machine type communication (mMTC) , ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) , carrier aggregation (CA) , dual connectivity (DC) , and new radio unlicensed (NR-U) technologies.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • TDM time division multiplexing
  • FDM frequency division multiplexing
  • CDM code division multiplexing
  • Bluetooth ZigBee
  • MTC machine type communication
  • MTC enhanced mobile broadband
  • mMTC massive machine type communication
  • URLLC ultra-reliable low latency
  • the network device 120 may transmit a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams to a terminal device.
  • the first set of communication beams is used for determining a target communication beam
  • the second set of sensing beams is used for determining a target sensing beam.
  • the terminal device 110 may measure the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams. Then, terminal device 110 may transmit a measurement report to a network device based on the measuring.
  • the network device 120 may further refine the communication beams and sensing beams based on the measurement report, in order to obtain the target communication beam and the target sensing beam.
  • the target beam for communication and the target beam for sensing may be determined simultaneously in the same procedure.
  • a beam targeting the LOS path (as shown in Fig. 1B) may be determined as the target communication beam and another beam targeting the sensing path (as shown in Fig. 1B) may be determined as the target sensing beam.
  • beam may refer to a communication resource. Different beams may be considered as different resources.
  • a beam may also be represented as a spatial filter.
  • a technology for forming a beam may be a beamforming technology or another technology. The beamforming technology may be specifically a digital beamforming technology, analog beamforming technology, or a hybrid digital/analog beamforming technology.
  • a communication device (including the terminal device and the network device) may communicate with another communication device through one or more beams.
  • One beam may include one or more antenna ports and be configured for a data channel, a control channel, or the like.
  • One or more antenna ports forming one beam may also be considered as an antenna port set.
  • a beam may be configured with a set of resource, or a set of resource for measurement, and a beam may be represented by for example a reference signal and/or related resource for the reference signal.
  • a beam may also represent by a reference cell identifier or resource identifier.
  • Beamforming may be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception.
  • Beamforming is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device and/or a receiving device to shape or steer an antenna beam along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may rely on antenna elements of an antenna array for signals propagating at specific orientations.
  • beam alignment refers to a procedure of steering, based on beam measurement results, the beams to acquire and maintain at least a set of transmitter and receiver for downlink and uplink transmission.
  • beam refinement may refer to that a device such as a terminal device improves or train between the transmitter and receiver to obtain a pair of higher gain beam by e.g. measurement of reference signal (RS) .
  • RS reference signal
  • FIG. 1B illustrates an example process 100B for hierarchical communication beam management.
  • an example hierarchical communication beam management is described with reference to Fig. 1A.
  • a multi-hierarchical beam selection scheme in beam alignment procedure may be used for enhance the communication quality.
  • gNB 120 performs 101 cell-specific beam sweeping procedure, illustrated as P1, by wide analog beams to transmit cell specific directional DL TS CSI_RS signal to UE 110.
  • UE 110 measures 102 the RSRP of the wide beams and sends back 103 the beam ID (s) corresponding to the beam (s) with the maximal RSRP.
  • a coarse TX beam is chosen by the gNB.
  • gNB 120 performs 104 a UE-specific beam sweeping procedure, illustrated as P2, by narrow analog beams. Since the gNB knows the best wide beam ID by P1, P2 can be performed locally around the best wide beam. UE 110 then measures 105 the RSRP of the narrow beams and sends back 106 the beam ID (s) corresponding to the beam (s) with the maximal RSRP similarly. Based thereon, an more accurate TX beam is chosen (107) . The chosen transmit (TX) beam is then set to the boresight of the beam with the maximal RSRP obtained in P2.
  • TX transmit
  • the beam alignment procedure has three sub-procedures namely P1, P2 and P3.
  • DL RS for example, CSI-RS/SS
  • UE 110 measures the beam quality (for example, RSRP) and selects the beam with the maximal beam quality.
  • UL RS e.g. PUCCH/PUSCH
  • gNB 120 transmits DL RS (e.g. CSI-RS) with local TX beam sweeping (narrow analog beam) around the wide beam obtained from P1.
  • UE 110 measures the beam quality (for example, layer 1, L1-RSRP) and selects the beam with the maximal beam quality.
  • UE 110 transmits UL RS (for example PUCCH/PUSCH) to gNB 120 containing the selected TX beam ID and the corresponding beam quality.
  • the chosen TX beam may be set to the boresight of the narrow beam obtained from the sub-procedure P2.
  • make UE 110 measurements on the same TX beam to change the UE Rx beam in P3 in case the UE uses beamforming.
  • the beam alignment for sensing the environment is not considered yet.
  • This disclosure is directed to realize fine-grained passive target sensing via the collaboration between a TX node (for example, the network device 120) and a sensing node (for example, the terminal device 110) in cellular systems, wherein the sensing node can utilize the channel state information (CSI) between the TX node and the sensing node for sensing and feedback useful information to TX node to optimize the traditional beam management procedures according to the JCAS system requirement.
  • CSI channel state information
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an example signaling process for communication and sensing according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the process 200 will be described with reference to Fig. 1A. It would be appreciated that although the process 200 has been described in the communication environment 100A of Fig. 1A, this process 200 may be likewise applied to other communication scenarios.
  • the network device 120 transmits (210) a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams to the terminal device 110.
  • the terminal device 110 receives (220) the two first sets of beams and measures (225) the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams. Then, based on the measuring of the first set and second set, the terminal device 110 transmits (230) a measurement report to a network device.
  • the measurement report may comprise sensing assistance information B for a beam resource allocation optimization, at least one ID of at least one communication beam in the first set and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam in the second set.
  • the sensing assistance information B may be also referred to as first sensing assistance information, for illustrative purposes.
  • the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams may be determined (209) by the network device 120 based on sensing assistance information A which is associated with a target to be sensed in an interesting area.
  • the sensing assistance information A is also referred to as second sensing assistance information, for illustrative purposes.
  • the second assistance information may include one or more of: a sensing area; a moving speed of a target to be sensed; a moving direction of the target; an ephemeris of the target; or an urgent sensing scenario of the target.
  • the network device 120 may obtain (208) the second sensing assistance information by receiving (205) the second sensing assistance information from the terminal device 110.
  • the network device 120 may transmit (201) an omnidirectional beam to the terminal device 110 in advance.
  • the omnidirectional beam may be also referred to as an initial beam in this disclosure for illustrative purposes.
  • the terminal device 110 measures this initial beam to determine the second assistance information.
  • the terminal device 110 may send the second assistance information to the network device for determining (209) the first set of communication beams and the second set of communication beams.
  • the network device may obtain (208) the second assistance information by using mono-static sensing to roughly identify the target, instead of performing an omnidirectional beam transmission.
  • the second assistance information may be determined by for example, a sensing management function (SMF) , and the network device may obtain (208) the second assistance information from the SMF.
  • SMF sensing management function
  • the assistance information obtained in the above different ways may be combined together for determining the first set of communication beams and the second set of communication beams.
  • the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams may be also determined randomly, without prior knowledge.
  • the terminal device 110 may determine a sensing capability (for example, high sensing capability of low sensing capability) . Then, the terminal device 110 may transmit a sensing capability indication to the network device 120 to inform its sensing capability.
  • the sensing capability may be determined based on, for example, a sensing signal noise ratio (or a sensing-specific SNR) , SSNR, which is associated with a target to be sensed, and a communication signal noise ratio (CSNR) , i.e., an SNR related to communication signal.
  • CSNR communication signal noise ratio
  • the second sensing assistance information and the sensing capability indication may be transmitted together or separately.
  • at least one of the second sensing assistance information and the sensing capability indication may be contained together in a message 3 (Msg. 3) signaling in a 4-step random access channel (RACH) , procedure.
  • the at least one of the second sensing assistance information and the sensing capability indication may be contained in a message A (Msg. A) , signaling in a 2-step RACH procedure.
  • the at least one of the second sensing assistance information and the sensing capability indication may be contained in a radio resource control (RRC) message.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the network device 120 may determine (209) the first set of communication beams and the second set of communication beams.
  • the network device 120 may determine a sensing reference signal, RS, configuration based on the second sensing assistance information and the sensing capability indication.
  • the RS configuration indicates RS resources for the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams.
  • the gNB 120 will carry out the sensing/communication beam allocation and its resource allocation as well as beamformed sensing-based RS configuration. Then, the network device 120 transmits the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams by transmitting the beamformed sensing-based RS configuration to the terminal device 110.
  • the beamformed sensing-based RS configuration may be periodically sent by a RRC message.
  • the beamformed sensing-based RS configuration may be dynamically sent by a DCI message.
  • the first set of communication beams and second set of sensing beams are the wide beams which have a larger coverage area.
  • the network device 120 may simultaneously determine coarse or wide beams for communication and sensing in the resource allocation operation, i.e., the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams. Then, based on the measuring of the first set and second set, the terminal device 110 generates a measurement report to a network device.
  • the measurement report may comprise sensing assistance information B, the first sensing assistance information, for a beam resource allocation optimization, at least one ID of at least one communication beam in the first set and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam in the second set.
  • the first sensing assistance information comprises at least one of a sensing type requirement or sensing measurement parameters.
  • the sensing type requirement may be divided according to different sensing applications, which may correspond to the specific requirements of narrow beam processing techniques.
  • the first sensing assistance information may comprise amplitude variations in a time domain; phase shift variations in the time domain; or phase shift variations in a spatial domain and a frequency domain.
  • the first sensing assistance information may be fed back together with the second sensing assistance information, for example, be contained in a signaling or message containing the second sensing assistance information as discussed above.
  • the first sensing assistance information may be fed back in an RRC message in RRC-connected /RRC-inactive phase.
  • the network device 120 may further refine the communication beams and the sensing beams.
  • the network device 120 may determine a third set of communication beams according to the at least one ID of the at least one communication beam in the first set. For example, the network device 120 may determine several narrow beams around the at least on communication beam in the first set.
  • the network device 120 may determine a fourth set of sensing beams in the same way according to the ID of the sensing beam in the second set.
  • the fourth set of sensing beams may be further adjusted based on the first sensing assistance information for a certain sensing purpose.
  • the network device 120 may transmit (241) the third set of communication beams and the fourth set of sensing beams to the terminal device 110.
  • the beams in the third set may have a narrower beam width relative to the beams in the first set.
  • the beams in the fourth set may have a narrower beam width relative to the beams in the second set.
  • the terminal device 110 may measure the third set of communication beams and the fourth set of sensing beams. Then, the terminal device 110 may transmit (245) another measurement report to the network device 120.
  • the other measurement report comprises an ID of a communication beam in the third set and an ID of a sensing beam in the fourth set.
  • the network device 120 may determine (249) at least one communication beam (which may be also referred to as a target communication beam) accordingly based on the reported ID of the communication beam in the third set.
  • the target communication beam may be the commutation beam identified by this ID, or alternatively the target communication beam may be another beam which is selected or determined based on the reported communication beam ID.
  • the network device 120 may determine a target sensing beam in the same way according to the reported ID of the sensing beam in the fourth set.
  • the network device 120 may use the target communication beam for communication with the terminal device 110 and use the target sensing beam for sensing the environment.
  • the terminal device 110 may also determine the best communication receive beam and the best sensing receive beam accordingly, for example, by a receive beam sweeping procedure.
  • the terminal device 110 may form a sensing beam pair of the best sensing receive beam and the target sensing beam and also a communication beam pair of a best communication receive beam and the target communication beam.
  • the terminal device 110 may determine the best sensing receive beam based on measurement of RSRP of RSs on the communication beam and the sensing beam.
  • the terminal device 110 may directly determine the best sensing receive beam based on the first sensing assistance information and/or the second sensing assistance information, since the first sensing assistance information and/or the second sensing assistance information have already indicated the interesting area or orientation.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates an example specific process for multi-hierarchical communication and sensing beam management according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the hierarchical communication beam management is described with reference to Fig. 1A. It is also appreciated that Fig. 3 is only given for illustrative purposes and the present disclosure is not limited thereto
  • the gNB 120 is an example of the network device 120 and UE 110 is an example of the terminal device 110.
  • the gNB 120 (or the sensing transmitter, i.e., ST) may first perform (301) cell-specific omnidirectional beam sweeping procedure illustrated by P1’ , which is usually used in MIMO radar for initial probing.
  • the transmitted waveform matrix (ces) X is an orthogonal matrix, i.e., the corresponding covariance matrix is the identity matrix.
  • UE 110 may perform (303) a target rough identification.
  • UE 110 will send (305) its UE capability report and informs the gNB that it supports a sensing beam alignment utilizing PDCCH, for enabling this feature. It may be based on the measurement of SSNR threshold levels to determine whether the sensing beam alignment utilizing PDCCH is supported.
  • the UE capability may include the sensing-specific parameter measurement.
  • the UE capability includes sensing-specific SNR (SSNR) other than the traditional communication-specific SNR (CSNR) , which can be define as for example:
  • the CSNR may be defined as for example:
  • H n (f) 2 denotes the power of noise
  • H static (f) and H object (f) denote the signals arriving through static path and object path, respectively. Both static path signal and object path signal can be utilized for communication.
  • H interferer (f) denotes the other dynamic objects that do not need to be sensed while also can be used for communication.
  • Thresholds for CSNR and SSNR may be defined, depending on the JCAS applications requirement.
  • the sensing capability may be determined as low sensing capability.
  • the sensing capability may be determined as high sensing capability.
  • the UE 110 may send, to the gNB 120, a power and/or reference signal (indicating the communication and/or sensing beams) re-configuration change request, in order to ensure the SSNR quality.
  • UE 110 may indicate, for example, by a disabling indication, the gNB 120 to disable the support of sensing beam alignment with no sensing downlink control information (DCI) operation.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • UE 110 may also adjust the SSNR threshold levels to configure the low sensing quality of service (QoS) support of sensing beam alignment and transmit an indication of beam coarse refinement to the network device.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the gNB 120 may adjust a power configuration for at least one of the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams, or adjust the RS configuration for the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams.
  • the gNB 120 may disable the sensing beam alignment utilizing PDCCH.
  • the gNB 120 may perform a coarse beam refinement operation, for example, reduce the performance requirement for sensing the environment.
  • the second assistance information and the UE capability report could be fed back in Msg. 3 in 4-step RACH or Msg. A in 2-step RACH at the initial access phase.
  • the second assistance information and the UE capability report may be feedback in an RRC message in an RRC-connected phase.
  • the sensing interesting area may be defined as the range-angel dimensions either from the UE perspective or from the gNB perspective of the sector-shaped area as illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • the sector-shaped area from gNB perspective is equivalent to the UE perspective if gNB-UE relative position is known.
  • a sensing interesting area signaling is setup here to indicate the gNB 120 to send sensing beamforming signals towards the sensing interesting area.
  • the ephemeris may include for example target movement acceleration, route, move time, radius of curvature and so on.
  • gNB 120 could know the rough Field of View (FOV) : the angle and range through which the sensing transmitter can perform sensing and detection, i.e., the FOV indicates the directional wide beam sweeping area for a sensing transmitter.
  • FOV Field of View
  • the gNB 120 will carry out (307) the sensing/communication beam allocation and its resource allocation as well as beamformed sensing-based RS configuration. For example, several wide sensing beams (306-1) and several wide communication beams (306-2) may be determined. Then, the gNB 120 may perform a cell-specific beam sweeping procedure illustrated by P2’ by wide analog beams including the wide sensing beams (306-1) and the wide communication beams (306-2) .
  • the sensing/communication beam allocation may include the space-time-frequency usage of sensing and communication beams, respectively. Moreover, it also includes the per-RB beamforming rules and corresponding RB granularity for sensing beamforming.
  • Candidate sensing transmit wide beam set index (SBSI) and the corresponding candidate communication transmit wide beam set index (CBSI) may be defined with respect to the sensing assistance information A as well as the large scale parameters (for example, received signal received power, RSRP, SNR, global positioning system, GPS) , which may reduce the latency of beam alignment (LBA) in both communication and sensing.
  • the SBSI and the CBSI may include a set of wide beams, (e.g. Tx-WSBID1 and Tx-WSBID2 as shown by 266-1 and 266-2) .
  • the gNB 120 may finally select a narrow beam for sensing and a narrow beam for communication.
  • the above beamformed sensing-based RS configuration could include any of the followings:
  • the sensing based reference signal pattern denoting the resources belonging to different category, and identified with SnsRsIDs, is configured in a higher layer such as an RRC layer firstly, in which a parameter defines the physical location (i.e. the location of physical resource element) of the various sensing related reference signal.
  • Each selected SnsRsID may be adaptively beamformed based on the sensing assistance information A.
  • a dedicated sensing RS pattern may be defined according to the sensing target.
  • this kind of configuration would be adapted to those sudden and urgent sensing scenarios.
  • the dynamic configuration will coexist with the semi-static configuration if they do not conflict with each other; on the other hand, the dynamic configuration will be the first priority when conflicting with semi-static one.
  • UE 110 may feed the first sensing assistant information back to the gNB 120, in order to further refine or optimize the sensing beam resource allocation, including, for example, sensing beam granularity, beam number according to the changing sensing QoS/key performance index (KPI) requirement. Meanwhile, UE 110 measures (309) the RSRP of the wide sensing beam and the wide communication beams and sends (311) back a wide sensing beam ID and a communication sensing beam ID.
  • KPI QoS/key performance index
  • Sensing beam set index source A may be given for example as follows:
  • RSRP i is the neighboring sensing beam i
  • RSRP ⁇ is the maximum RSRP beam which generally has potential to be selected as the serving beam for sensing.
  • Communication beam set index source set B may be given for example as follows:
  • RSRP n is the neighboring communication beam
  • RSRP ⁇ is maximum RSRP beam which generally has potential to be selected as the serving beam for communication.
  • the first sensing assistance information may further contain a sensing type requirement.
  • the sensing type requirement can be divided according to different sensing applications, which may correspond to the specific requirements of narrow beam processing techniques.
  • the first sensing assistance information may be determined by the sensing management function (SMF) . Then, the SMF shall signal the first sensing assistance information to the SR at first.
  • SMF sensing management function
  • the first sensing assistance information i.e., the sensing assistance information B could be classified as:
  • This information may be related to human presence detection, fall detection, motion detection, activity recognition, gesture recognition, and human identification/authentication.
  • Phase shifts in the spatial and frequency domains are related to signal transmission delay and direction, e.g. human localization and tracking.
  • Phase shifts in the time domain may have different dominant frequency components that can be used to estimate breathing rate.
  • the sensing assistance information B may also contain sensing measurement parameters, which may include but not limited to the following factors:
  • ⁇ Sensing measurement ID 1: velocity, angel, accuracy, resolution, false alarm rate detection probability, image resolution, and energy efficiency.
  • Sensing measurement ID 2: sensing range: the maximum distance from sensing device to the target.
  • ⁇ Sensing measurement ID 3: expected Latency: expected time taken to complete the related sensing process.
  • ⁇ Sensing measurement ID 4: expected number of simultaneous targets.
  • the first sensing assistance information may be transmitted to the gNB together with sensing assistance information A in Msg. 3 in 4-step RACH or Msg. A in 2-step-RACH at the initial access/RRC-idle phase if necessary and with a lot of sensing prior knowledge.
  • the gNB 120 may receive the sensing assistance information B (271) from the UE 110 to initiate the cooperative beam management procedure.
  • the gNB 120 may then conduct narrow beamforming and emits (317) dual-functional Radar-Communication signals.
  • the gNB 120 performs (273) UE-specific beam sweeping procedure illustrated by P3’ by narrow analog beams including TX narrow sensing beam IDs (Tx-NSBID) and TX narrow communication beam IDs (Tx-NCBID) . Since the gNB 120 knows the best wide beam ID by P2’ , then P3’ (narrow beams 315-1 and 315-2) can be performed locally around the best wide communication beam and the best wide sensing beam. The number of narrow beams around the sensing wide beam may be determined based on, for example, the sensing assistance information B.
  • UE 110 may measure the RSRP of the communication and sensing narrow beams and sends back (321) the selected narrow sensing beam ID (Tx narrow sensing beam (323-1) ID) and the narrow communication beam ID (Tx narrow communication beam (323-2) ID) corresponding to the beams with, for example, the first two biggest maximal RSRP respectively.
  • the gNB may generate (279) a sensing narrow analog beam (Tx narrow sensing beam ID, i.e., Tx-NSBID) and a communication narrow beam (Tx narrow communication beam ID, i.e., Tx-NCBID) based on the selection by the terminal device 110.
  • Tx narrow sensing beam ID i.e., Tx-NSBID
  • Tx narrow communication beam ID i.e., Tx-NCBID
  • UE 110 measures the RSRP of the narrow beams and selects two best receiving beam IDs corresponding to the beams (323-1 and 323-2) with the first two biggest maximal RSRP, i.e., RX narrow sensing beam ID (Rx-NSBID) and RX narrow communication beam ID (Rx-NCBID) .
  • Rx-NSBID RX narrow sensing beam ID
  • Rx-NCBID RX narrow communication beam ID
  • the UE 110 may select the best receiving sensing beam (327-1) and the best receiving communication beam (327-2) respectively.
  • the received communication LOS signal quality must be maintained at an acceptable level.
  • the best communication beam pair and the best sensing communication beam pair can be determined simultaneously between the network device 120 and the terminal device 110. Therefore, the LBA can be reduced significantly.
  • the terminal device 110 may determine a ratio between a sensing signal on the sensing beam pair and a communication signal on the communication beam pair. Then, the terminal device 110 may transmit the radio to the network device 120 for fining and enhancing the sensing detection and estimation.
  • the terminal device 110 may measure a CSNR associated with the LOS path between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. If the CSNR is below a SNR threshold, the terminal device 110 may transmit a request for a secondary communication transmit beam to the network device. In turn, the network device 120 may allocate at least one secondary communication transmit beam to the terminal device 110 in response to receiving the request for the secondary communication transmit beam. In this way, the LOS channel quality can be enhanced to ensure the quality of communication and sensing.
  • gNB 110 may transmit more narrow beams to the sensing direction to get the accurate sensing estimation. While if UE 110 experiences poor channel quality (far away from gNB) , the gNB 120 may transmit more secondary narrow beams (331-1 and 331-2) to boost the received signal quality for enhancing the communication quality. As such, the sensing performance can be enhanced accordingly, since the sensing performance also partially depends on the communication performance.
  • this scheme as proposed herein considers the communication and sensing simultaneously by signaling exchange between gNB (ST) and UE (SR) . Besides, the beam refinement operation and LOS link quality level maintain could further improve the sensing accuracy.
  • the UE (SR) 110 may record the mapping relationship of the narrow sensing Tx-Rx beam pair and the narrow communication Tx-Rx beam pair.
  • the SINR, RSRP and/or received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the LOS link selected from narrow communication Tx-Rx beam pair is weak (for example is lower than a predetermined threshold)
  • multiple secondary TX narrow communication beams (331-1 and 331-2) may be required through a feedback indication (281) from UE 110 for better LOS path detection.
  • the associated best Rx narrow beam used for communication may be recalculated until the LOS path detection threshold are satisfied based on, for example, the received signaling quality on SINR, RSRP or/and RSSI.
  • the LOS SNR usually can satisfy the requirement complying with the communication protocols.
  • the problem arises that the weak CIR of LOS path is overwhelmed and the strong NLOS path reflected from the targets is mistook for the LOS path instead.
  • UE 110 may calculate the ratio of the received (reflected) signal echoes and the received LOS path signals (i.e., Y s (n, k) /Y l (n, k) ) , and take the ratio as the relative channel state information for fine and robust sensing detection and estimation.
  • the embodiments of the disclosure may realize fine-grained passive target sensing via the collaboration between a TX node and a sensing node in cellular systems, wherein the sensing node can utilize the channel state information (CSI) between the TX node and the sensing node for sensing and feedback useful information to TX node to optimize the traditional beam management procedures according to the JCAS system requirement.
  • CSI channel state information
  • the gNB transmits some cell-specific directional wide beams.
  • the gNB transmit one cell-specific omnidirectional DL RS for target rough identification.
  • gNB transmits some UE-specific directional narrow beams.
  • the number of narrow beams is constant which is not related to the large scale parameters between UE and the gNB.
  • the gNB transmits some UE-specific &target-specific directional wide beams (sensing/communication beam allocation) .
  • the number of wide beams is variable which may relate to the large scale parameters between UE and gNB and the sensing assistance information A.
  • a beamformed sensing-based RS configuration is also added in P2’ downlink
  • sensing assistant information B is added in P2’ uplink.
  • the gNB transmits some UE-specific &target-specific directional narrow beams.
  • the number of narrow beams is variable which relates to the large scale parameters between UE and the gNB and the sensing assistance information B, here, one DL RS maps to one beam. If UE locates near gNB, the communication beam selection can be performed by only several wide beams which may reduce the LBA. While if UE is far away from gNB, a beam selection has to be carried out by means of more narrow beams that can provide the estimation accuracy of AoA/AoD.
  • the gNB will perform the secondary TX narrow beam for communication to keep the Los link signal quality for better sensing performance.
  • the secondary TX communication narrow beam indication is configured to maintain LOS quality if needed.
  • the sensing assistance information A will accompanied by the UE capability report either in the RACH or in the RRC message.
  • the gNB Base on the UE capability report and sensing assistance information A, the gNB will carry out the sensing/communication beam allocation and its resource allocation as well as beamformed sensing-based RS configuration.
  • the received communication Los signal quality shall be maintained at an acceptable level.
  • a secondary TX communication narrow beam indication may be provided to maintain LOS quality if needed.
  • Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of an example method 400 implemented at a terminal device (for example, the terminal device 110) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a terminal device for example, the terminal device 110
  • the method 400 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 with reference to Fig. 1.
  • the terminal device 110 measures a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams.
  • the terminal device 110 further transmits a measurement report to a network device based on the measuring.
  • the measurement report comprises first sensing assistance information for a beam resource allocation optimization, at least one identification, ID, of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • the first sensing assistance information comprises at least one of a sensing type requirement or sensing measurement parameters.
  • the sensing measurement parameters comprise at least one of:amplitude variations in a time domain; phase shift variations in the time domain; or phase shift variations in a spatial domain and a frequency domain.
  • the terminal device 110 may measure an initial beam from the network device; and obtain, based on the measuring of the initial beam, second assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization for the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams; and transmit the second assistance information to the network device.
  • the terminal device 110 may obtain a sensing capability indication indicative of sensing capability of the terminal device based on the measuring of the initial beam; and transmit the sensing capability indication to the network device.
  • the second assistance information comprises one or more of: a sensing area; a moving speed of a target to be sensed; a moving direction of the target; an ephemeris of the target; or an urgent sensing scenario of the target.
  • the terminal device 110 may obtain the sensing capability indication by: obtaining, by measuring the initial beam, a sensing signal noise ratio, SSNR, associated with a target to be sensed and a communication signal noise ratio, CSNR; and determining the sensing capability indication based on the SSNR, an SSNR threshold, the CSNR and a CSNR threshold.
  • SSNR sensing signal noise ratio
  • CSNR communication signal noise ratio
  • the sensing capability indication indicates a low sensing capability and the terminal device may transmit a power configuration change request to the network device; transmit a disabling indication for disabling a sensing beam alignment to the network device; or adjust the SSNR threshold and transmit an indication of beam coarse refinement to the network device.
  • the terminal device 110 may transmit the first assistance information and the second assistance information in the same signaling.
  • the sensing capability indication and the other assistance information may be contained in at least one of: a Msg. 3 signaling in a 4-step RACH procedure; a Msg. A signaling in a 2-step RACH procedure; or a RRC message.
  • the terminal device 110 may receive, from the network device, a sensing reference signal, RS, configuration indicating RS resources for the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams, wherein the RS configuration is determined based on the second assistance information.
  • RS sensing reference signal
  • the sensing RS configuration is contained in at least one of: an RRC message; or a downlink control information, DCI, message.
  • the terminal device 110 may measure a third set of communication beams associated with the at least one communication beam ID and a fourth set of sensing beams associated with the at least one sensing beam ID and the first sensing assistance information; and transmit, based on the measuring of the third set and the fourth set, another measurement report to the network device, the other measurement report comprising an ID of a communication beam in the third set and an ID of a sensing beam in the fourth set.
  • the terminal device 110 may determine a best sensing receive beam and a best communication receive beam; and form a sensing beam pair of the best sensing receive beam and the sensing beam in the third set and a communication beam pair of a best communication receive beam and the communication beam in the fourth set.
  • the best sensing receive beam is determined based on at least one of: measurement of RSRP of RSs on the communication beam and the sensing beam; the first sensing assistance information; or the second sensing assistance information.
  • the terminal device 110 may determine a ratio between a sensing signal on the sensing beam pair and a communication signal on the communication beam pair; and transmit the ratio to the network device.
  • the terminal device 110 may measure a CSNR associated with a LOS path between the terminal device and the network device; and transmit, based on the CSNR being below a SNR threshold, a request for a secondary communication transmit beam to the network device.
  • Fig. 5 shows a flowchart of an example method 500 implemented at a network device (for example, the network device 120) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a network device for example, the network device 120
  • the method 500 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 with reference to Fig. 1.
  • the network device 120 transmits a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams to a terminal device.
  • the network device 120 receives a measurement report from the terminal device, the measurement report comprising first sensing assistance information for a beam resource allocation optimization, at least one identification, ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • the first sensing assistance information comprises at least one of a sensing type requirement or sensing measurement parameters.
  • the sensing measurement parameters comprise at least one of: amplitude variations in a time domain; phase shift variations in the time domain; or phase shift variations in a spatial domain and a frequency domain.
  • the network device 120 may transmit an initial beam to the terminal device; and receive, from the terminal device, second assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization for the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams.
  • the network device 120 may receive the sensing capability indication indicative of sensing capability of the terminal device.
  • the second assistance information comprises one or more of: a sensing area, a moving speed of a target to be sensed, a moving direction of the target, an ephemeris of the target, or an urgent sensing scenario of the target.
  • the sensing capability indication indicates a low sensing capability and the network device is further caused to at least one of: receive a power configuration change request from the terminal device; receive a disabling indication that a sensing beam alignment is disabled from the terminal device; or receive an indication of beam coarse refinement from the terminal device.
  • the network device may adjust, based on the power configuration change request, a power configuration for at least one of the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams; disable, based on the disabling indication, sensing beam alignment; or performing, based on the indication of beam coarse refinement, a coarse beam refinement operation.
  • the network device may receive the first assistance information and the second assistance information in the same signaling.
  • the sensing capability indication and the other assistance information is contained in at least one of: a Msg. 3 signaling in a 4-step RACH procedure; a Msg. A signaling in a 2-step RACH procedure; or a RRC message.
  • the network device may transmit, to the terminal device, a sensing reference signal, RS, configuration indicating RS resources for the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams, wherein the RS configuration is determined based on the second assistance information.
  • RS sensing reference signal
  • the sensing RS configuration is contained in at least one of an RRC message; or a downlink control information, DCI, message.
  • the network device 110 may transmit a third set of communication beams associated with the at least one communication beam ID and a fourth set of sensing beams associated with the at least one sensing beam ID and the first sensing assistance information; and receive, from the terminal device, another measurement report, the other measurement report comprising an ID of a communication beam in the third set and an ID of a sensing beam in the fourth set.
  • the network device 120 may receive a ratio between a sensing signal on a sensing beam pair and a communication signal on a communication beam pair.
  • the network device 120 may receive a request for a secondary communication transmit beam to the network device; and allocate, based on the request, at least one secondary communication transmit beam to the terminal device.
  • an apparatus capable of performing any of operations of the method 400 may include means for measuring a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams; and means for transmitting, based on the measuring, a measurement report to a network device, the measurement report comprising sensing assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization, at least one identification, ID, of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • the first sensing assistance information comprises at least one of a sensing type requirement or sensing measurement parameters.
  • the sensing measurement parameters comprise at least one of:amplitude variations in a time domain; phase shift variations in the time domain; or phase shift variations in a spatial domain and a frequency domain.
  • the apparatus may include means for measuring an initial beam from the network device; and means for obtain, based on the measuring of the initial beam, second assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization for the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams; and transmit the second assistance information to the network device.
  • the apparatus may include means for obtaining a sensing capability indication indicative of sensing capability of the terminal device based on the measuring of the initial beam; and transmit the sensing capability indication to the network device.
  • the second assistance information comprises one or more of: a sensing area; a moving speed of a target to be sensed; a moving direction of the target; an ephemeris of the target; or an urgent sensing scenario of the target.
  • the apparatus may include means for obtaining the sensing capability indication by: obtaining, by measuring the initial beam, a sensing signal noise ratio, SSNR, associated with a target to be sensed and a communication signal noise ratio, CSNR; and determining the sensing capability indication based on the SSNR, an SSNR threshold, the CSNR and a CSNR threshold.
  • SSNR sensing signal noise ratio
  • CSNR communication signal noise ratio
  • the sensing capability indication indicates a low sensing capability and the apparatus may include means for transmitting a power configuration change request to the network device; means for transmit a disabling indication for disabling a sensing beam alignment to the network device; or means for adjust the SSNR threshold and transmit an indication of beam coarse refinement to the network device.
  • the apparatus may include means for transmitting the first assistance information and the second assistance information in the same signaling.
  • the sensing capability indication and the other assistance information may be contained in at least one of: a Msg. 3, signaling in a 4-step RACH procedure; a Msg. A signaling in a 2-step RACH procedure; or a RRC message.
  • the apparatus may include means for receiving, from the network device, a sensing reference signal, RS, configuration indicating RS resources for the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams, wherein the RS configuration is determined based on the second assistance information.
  • RS sensing reference signal
  • the sensing RS configuration is contained in at least one of: an RRC message; or a downlink control information, DCI, message.
  • the apparatus may include means for measuring a third set of communication beams associated with the at least one communication beam ID and a fourth set of sensing beams associated with the at least one sensing beam ID and the first sensing assistance information; and transmit, based on the measuring of the third set and the fourth set, another measurement report to the network device, the other measurement report comprising an ID of a communication beam in the third set and an ID of a sensing beam in the fourth set.
  • the apparatus may include means for determining a best sensing receive beam and a best communication receive beam; and means for forming a sensing beam pair of the best sensing receive beam and the sensing beam in the third set and a communication beam pair of a best communication receive beam and the communication beam in the fourth set.
  • the best sensing receive beam is determined based on at least one of: measurement of RSRP of RSs on the communication beam and the sensing beam; the first sensing assistance information; or the second sensing assistance information.
  • the apparatus may include means for determining a ratio between a sensing signal on the sensing beam pair and a communication signal on the communication beam pair; and transmit the ratio to the network device.
  • the apparatus may include means for measuring a CSNR associated with a line of sight, LOS, path between the terminal device and the network device; and means for transmitting, based on the CSNR being below a SNR threshold, a request for a secondary communication transmit beam to the network device.
  • the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 400.
  • the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the apparatus.
  • an apparatus capable of performing any of the method 500 may include means for transmitting a first set of communication beams and a second set of sensing beams to a terminal device; and means for receiving a measurement report, the measurement from the terminal device, the measurement report comprising sensing assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization, at least one ID of at least one communication beam and at least one ID of at least one sensing beam.
  • the first sensing assistance information comprises at least one of a sensing type requirement or sensing measurement parameters.
  • the sensing measurement parameters comprise at least one of: amplitude variations in a time domain; phase shift variations in the time domain; or phase shift variations in a spatial domain and a frequency domain.
  • the apparatus may include means for transmitting an initial beam to the terminal device; and means for receiving, from the terminal device, second assistance information for beam resource allocation optimization for the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams.
  • the apparatus may include means for receiving the sensing capability indication indicative of sensing capability of the terminal device.
  • the second assistance information comprises one or more of: a sensing area, a moving speed of a target to be sensed, a moving direction of the target, an ephemeris of the target, or an urgent sensing scenario of the target.
  • the sensing capability indication indicates a low sensing capability and the apparatus may include means for receiving a power configuration change request from the terminal device; means for receiving a disabling indication that a sensing beam alignment is disabled from the terminal device; or means for receiving an indication of beam coarse refinement from the terminal device.
  • the apparatus may include means for adjusting, based on the power configuration change request, a power configuration for at least one of the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams; means for disabling, based on the disabling indication, sensing beam alignment; or means for performing, based on the indication of beam coarse refinement, a coarse beam refinement operation.
  • the apparatus may include means for receiving the first assistance information and the second assistance information in the same signaling.
  • the sensing capability indication and the other assistance information is contained in at least one of: a Msg. 3, signaling in a 4-step RACH procedure; a Msg. A signaling in a 2-step RACH procedure; or a RRC, message.
  • the apparatus may include means for transmitting, to the terminal device, a sensing reference signal, RS, configuration indicating RS resources for the first set of communication beams and the second set of sensing beams, wherein the RS configuration is determined based on the second assistance information.
  • RS sensing reference signal
  • the sensing RS configuration is contained in at least one of an RRC message; or a DCI message.
  • the apparatus may include means for transmitting a third set of communication beams associated with the at least one communication beam ID and a fourth set of sensing beams associated with the at least one sensing beam ID and the first sensing assistance information; and means for receiving, from the terminal device, another measurement report, the other measurement report comprising an ID of a communication beam in the third set and an ID of a sensing beam in the fourth set.
  • the apparatus may include means for receiving a ratio between a sensing signal on a sensing beam pair and a communication signal on a communication beam pair.
  • the apparatus may include means for receiving a request for a secondary communication transmit beam to the network device; and means for allocating, based on the request, at least one secondary communication transmit beam to the terminal device.
  • the apparatus further comprises means for performing other steps in some embodiments of the method 500.
  • the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the performance of the apparatus.
  • Fig. 6 is a simplified block diagram of a device 600 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the device 600 may be provided to implement the communication device, for example the network device 120 or the terminal device 110 as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the device 600 includes one or more processors 610, one or more memories 640 coupled to the processor 610, and one or more transmitters and/or receivers (TX/RX) 640 coupled to the processor 610.
  • TX/RX transmitters and/or receivers
  • the TX/RX 640 is for bidirectional communications.
  • the TX/RX 640 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication.
  • the communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements.
  • the communication interface may be hardware or software based interface.
  • the communication interface may be one or more transceivers.
  • the one or more transceivers may be coupled to one or more antennas or antenna ports to wirelessly transmit and/or receive communication signals.
  • the antennas or antenna ports may be the same or different types.
  • the antennas or antenna ports may be located in different positions of an apparatus.
  • the one or more transceivers allow the apparatus to communicate with other devices that may be wired and/or wireless.
  • the transceiver may support one or more radio technologies.
  • the one or more transceivers may include a cellular subsystem, a WLAN subsystem, and/or a Bluetooth TM subsystem.
  • the one or more transceivers may include processors, controllers, radios, sockets, plugs, buffers, or the like circuits to form one or more communication channels to one or more radio frequency units.
  • the processor 610 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples.
  • the device 600 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
  • the memory 620 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a read only memory (ROM) 624, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , and other magnetic storage and/or optical storage.
  • the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random access memory (RAM) 622 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.
  • a program 630 includes executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 610.
  • the program 630 may be stored in the ROM 624.
  • the processor 610 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 630 into the RAM 622.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program so that the device 600 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to Figs. 2 to 5.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an example block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • the program 630 may be tangibly contained in a readable storage medium which may be included in the device 600 (such as in the memory 620) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 600.
  • the device 600 may load the program 630 from the storage medium to the RAM 622 for execution.
  • the storage medium may include any types of tangible non-volatile storage, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like.
  • Fig. 10 shows an example of the storage medium 700 in form of CD or DVD.
  • the storage medium has the processor instructions 630 stored therein.
  • various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
  • the present disclosure also provides at least one program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory readable storage medium.
  • the program product includes executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out process 200, the method 400 or 500 as described above with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 5.
  • program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types.
  • the functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments.
  • Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
  • Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions/operations specified in the flowcharts and/or block diagrams to be implemented.
  • the program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
  • program codes or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above.
  • Examples of the carrier include a signal, readable storage medium, and the like.
  • the readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium.
  • a readable storage medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random-access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • non-transitory is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Des modes de réalisation de la présente divulgation divulguent des dispositifs, des procédés et des appareils pour des communications. Dans les modes de réalisation, un dispositif terminal mesure un premier ensemble de faisceaux de communication et un second ensemble de faisceaux de détection. Le dispositif terminal transmet en outre un rapport de mesure à un dispositif de réseau sur la base de la mesure. Le rapport de mesure contient des premières informations d'aide à la détection pour une optimisation d'attribution de ressources de faisceau, au moins une identification (ID) d'au moins un faisceau de communication et au moins une ID d'au moins un faisceau de détection.
PCT/CN2023/078180 2023-02-24 2023-02-24 Dispositifs, procédés et appareils de communication et de détection conjointes Ceased WO2024174237A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202380094692.8A CN120752946A (zh) 2023-02-24 2023-02-24 用于联合通信和感测的设备、方法和装置
PCT/CN2023/078180 WO2024174237A1 (fr) 2023-02-24 2023-02-24 Dispositifs, procédés et appareils de communication et de détection conjointes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2023/078180 WO2024174237A1 (fr) 2023-02-24 2023-02-24 Dispositifs, procédés et appareils de communication et de détection conjointes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024174237A1 true WO2024174237A1 (fr) 2024-08-29

Family

ID=92500008

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2023/078180 Ceased WO2024174237A1 (fr) 2023-02-24 2023-02-24 Dispositifs, procédés et appareils de communication et de détection conjointes

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN120752946A (fr)
WO (1) WO2024174237A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20200374930A1 (en) * 2018-02-14 2020-11-26 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Signal transmission method and device
US20220039155A1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2022-02-03 Nokia Technologies Oy Transmission Opportunities
WO2022133933A1 (fr) * 2020-12-24 2022-06-30 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Direction de faisceau d'une demande de signal de détection basée sur un ue
US20220225121A1 (en) * 2019-08-15 2022-07-14 Idac Holdings, Inc. Joint communication and sensing aided beam management for nr
WO2022257101A1 (fr) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Zte Corporation Nœud de réseau d'accès radio à fonctions doubles avec communication et détection sans fil

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20200374930A1 (en) * 2018-02-14 2020-11-26 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Signal transmission method and device
US20220039155A1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2022-02-03 Nokia Technologies Oy Transmission Opportunities
US20220225121A1 (en) * 2019-08-15 2022-07-14 Idac Holdings, Inc. Joint communication and sensing aided beam management for nr
WO2022133933A1 (fr) * 2020-12-24 2022-06-30 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Direction de faisceau d'une demande de signal de détection basée sur un ue
WO2022257101A1 (fr) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Zte Corporation Nœud de réseau d'accès radio à fonctions doubles avec communication et détection sans fil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN120752946A (zh) 2025-10-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US12034583B2 (en) Base station, terminal apparatus, communication method and recording medium
US11043997B2 (en) Electronic device, communication method and storage medium in wireless communication system
US11290159B2 (en) Electronic device and communication method
KR101588712B1 (ko) 셀 내부 단말간 협력에 기반한 셀간 간섭 제어 방법 및 장치
RU2739588C2 (ru) Оконечное устройство, базовая станция, способ и носитель информации
US10944449B2 (en) Apparatus and method in wireless communication system, and computer readable storage medium
WO2021035484A1 (fr) Sélection de faisceau pendant un positionnement par liaison descendante
KR102332909B1 (ko) 단말 장치, 기지국, 방법 및 기록 매체
WO2015186380A1 (fr) Appareil de terminal, station de base et programme
WO2018230246A1 (fr) Dispositif de communication, procédé de commande de communication et programme informatique
US20240322875A1 (en) Method and apparatus for transmit and receive beam determination
WO2018020899A1 (fr) Dispositif terminal, station de base, procédé et support d'enregistrement
JP7740622B2 (ja) チャープビームを使用したビーム管理のためのシグナリングのための方法及び装置
WO2024174246A1 (fr) Dispositifs, procédés et appareils de communication et de détection conjointes
WO2024174237A1 (fr) Dispositifs, procédés et appareils de communication et de détection conjointes
JP6888663B2 (ja) 端末装置、基地局、方法及び記録媒体
CN120435826A (zh) 用于定位的装置和方法
CN119967611A (zh) 通信方法和通信装置
CN116171617A (zh) 用于信道状态信息开销减少的大规模终端分组
WO2025156817A1 (fr) Procédé de mesure de faisceau et appareil de communication
CN120512699A (zh) 一种信道测量方法和通信装置
CN120151918A (zh) 一种波束测量的方法和装置
CN118695381A (zh) 通信方法及装置
KR20170073520A (ko) 이동통신 시스템에서 스케줄링 방법 및 장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23923413

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202380094692.8

Country of ref document: CN

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202547088138

Country of ref document: IN

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 202380094692.8

Country of ref document: CN

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 202547088138

Country of ref document: IN