[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2024164222A1 - Methods of valid physical random access channel (rach) occasion (ro) determination in cell discontinuous reception (drx) mode - Google Patents

Methods of valid physical random access channel (rach) occasion (ro) determination in cell discontinuous reception (drx) mode Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024164222A1
WO2024164222A1 PCT/CN2023/075153 CN2023075153W WO2024164222A1 WO 2024164222 A1 WO2024164222 A1 WO 2024164222A1 CN 2023075153 W CN2023075153 W CN 2023075153W WO 2024164222 A1 WO2024164222 A1 WO 2024164222A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valid
base station
drx
ros
cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/075153
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Dan Wu
Wei Zeng
Weidong Yang
Sigen Ye
Chunhai Yao
Haitong Sun
Hong He
Seyed Ali Akbar Fakoorian
Dawei Zhang
Huaning Niu
Chunxuan Ye
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Apple Inc
Original Assignee
Apple Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Apple Inc filed Critical Apple Inc
Priority to CN202380093610.8A priority Critical patent/CN120677823A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/075153 priority patent/WO2024164222A1/en
Publication of WO2024164222A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024164222A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/02Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0212Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is leader and terminal is follower
    • H04W52/0216Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is leader and terminal is follower using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00Connection management
    • H04W76/20Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/28Discontinuous transmission [DTX]; Discontinuous reception [DRX]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/006Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to wireless devices and wireless networks, including user devices, terminals, circuits, computer-readable media, and methods for performing valid Physical Random Access Channel (RACH) Occasion (RO) determination in cell Discontinuous Reception (DRX) mode.
  • RACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • RO Occasion
  • DRX cell Discontinuous Reception
  • Wireless communication systems are rapidly growing in usage.
  • wireless devices such as smart phones and tablet computers have become increasingly sophisticated.
  • many mobile devices now provide access to the Internet, email, text messaging, and navigation using the global positioning system (GPS) and are capable of operating sophisticated applications that utilize these functionalities.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • wireless communication standards include GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces) , Long-Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE Advanced (LTE-A) , HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD) , IEEE 802.11 (WLAN or Wi-Fi) , and BLUETOOTH TM , among others.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • UMTS associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces
  • LTE Long-Term Evolution
  • LTE-A LTE Advanced
  • HSPA High Speed Packet Access 2000
  • 3GPP2 CDMA2000 e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD
  • IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi
  • BLUETOOTH TM BLUETOOTH
  • wireless communication devices The ever-increasing number of features and functionality introduced in wireless communication devices also creates a continuous need for improvement in both wireless communications and in wireless communication devices.
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR New Radio
  • a method of operating a user equipment comprising: transmitting, from the UE, a first capability indication to a base station (e.g., a gNB or gNodeB) , wherein the first capability indication indicates that the UE is network energy savings (NES) -capable; receiving, at the UE from the base station, a first Physical Random Access Channel (RACH) Occasion (RO) configuration and a first discontinuous reception (DRX) mode configuration, wherein the first DRX mode configuration specifies a DRX cycle used by the base station; determining, by the UE, a first set of valid ROs for transmitting RACH messages to the base station, wherein determining the first set of valid ROs further comprises determining that the base station would be in an active time of the first DRX mode during the first set of valid ROs; and transmitting a first RACH message (e.g., a random access preamble (Msg1) message
  • Msg1 random access preamble
  • the UE may only be in an RRC_CONNECTED state when transmitting RACH messages to the base station.
  • the first capability indication may be used to indicate that the UE is capable of applying one or more valid RO criteria in the determination of the first set of valid ROs.
  • the first valid RO is associated with a first Synchronization Signal/Physical Broadcast Channel (SS/PBCH) block index.
  • SS/PBCH Synchronization Signal/Physical Broadcast Channel
  • the method may further comprise: determining, by the UE, a second valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs for transmitting a second RACH message to the base station; and transmitting the second RACH message from the UE to the base station during the determined second valid RO (e.g., wherein the second valid RO is associated with a second SS/PBCH block index that is different than an SS/PBCH block index associated with the first SS/PBCH block index.
  • each SS/PBCH block in a set of SS/PBCH blocks is associated with at least one RO in the first set of valid ROs.
  • the base station is further configured to use a first discontinuous transmission (DTX) mode (e.g., wherein the base station is configured to not transmit to the UE outside of an active time of a DTX cycle configured in the first DTX mode) .
  • the method may further comprise: receiving, at the UE and transmitted from the base station in response to the first RACH message, a random access response (RAR) message (e.g., wherein a ra-ResponseWindow is configured to pause outside of the active time of the DTX cycle) .
  • RAR random access response
  • the method may further comprise: determining the first valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs (e.g., determining a position in time and/or frequency for the first valid RO) , wherein determining the first valid RO further comprises determining that a last symbol of the first valid RO is at least a threshold number, N, of symbols before a last symbol of an active time of a DRX cycle that the first valid RO is in.
  • determining the first valid RO further comprises determining that a last symbol of the first valid RO is at least a threshold number, N, of symbols before a last symbol of an active time of a DRX cycle that the first valid RO is in.
  • the various methods and techniques summarized in this section may likewise be performed by a UE device comprising: a receiver; a transmitter; and a processor configured to perform any of the various methods and techniques summarized herein.
  • the various methods and techniques summarized in this section may likewise be stored as instructions in a non-volatile computer-readable medium, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the performance of the various methods and techniques summarized herein.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system, according to some aspects.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an example block diagram of a UE, according to some aspects.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example block diagram of a Base Station (BS) , according to some aspects.
  • BS Base Station
  • Figure 4 illustrates an example block diagram of wireless communication circuitry, according to some aspects.
  • Figure 5 illustrates various diagrams detailing examples of mismatch between cell DRX cycle active times and valid ROs within a PRACH association period, according to some aspects.
  • Figures 6A–6B illustrates various diagrams detailing exemplary solutions for the problem of mismatches between cell DRX cycle active times and valid ROs within a PRACH association period, according to some aspects.
  • Figure 7 is a flowchart detailing a method of performing valid RO determination when a cell is operating in a DRX mode, according to some aspects.
  • the present application relates to improved methods for valid Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) Occasion (RO) determination for a cellular network operating in discontinuous transmission (DTX) and/or discontinuous reception (DRX) modes, in order to enable greater network energy savings (NES) .
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • RO Occasion
  • Memory Medium Any of various types of non-transitory memory devices or storage devices.
  • the term “memory medium” is intended to include an installation medium, (e.g., a CD-ROM, floppy disks, or tape device; a computer system memory or random-access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM) , a non-volatile memory such as a Flash, magnetic media (e.g., a hard drive, or optical storage; registers, or other similar types of memory elements) .
  • the memory medium may include other types of non-transitory memory as well or combinations thereof.
  • the memory medium may be located in a first computer system in which the programs are executed or may be located in a second different computer system which connects to the first computer system over a network, such as the Internet. In the latter instance, the second computer system may provide program instructions to the first computer for execution.
  • the term “memory medium” may include two or more memory mediums which may reside in different locations (e.g., in different computer systems that are connected over a network) .
  • the memory medium may store program instructions (e.g., embodied as computer programs) that may be executed by one or more processors.
  • Carrier Medium a memory medium as described above, as well as a physical transmission medium, such as a bus, network, and/or other physical transmission medium that conveys signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals.
  • a physical transmission medium such as a bus, network, and/or other physical transmission medium that conveys signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals.
  • Programmable Hardware Element includes various hardware devices comprising multiple programmable function blocks connected via a programmable interconnect. Examples include FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) , PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices) , FPOAs (Field Programmable Object Arrays) , and CPLDs (Complex PLDs) .
  • the programmable function blocks may range from fine grained (combinatorial logic or look up tables) to coarse grained (arithmetic logic units or processor cores) .
  • a programmable hardware element may also be referred to as “reconfigurable logic. ”
  • UE User Equipment
  • UE Device also “User Device, ” “UE Device, ” or “Terminal”
  • portable gaming devices e.g., Nintendo Switch TM , Nintendo DS TM , PlayStation Vita TM , PlayStation Portable TM , Gameboy Advance TM , iPhone TM
  • laptops wearable devices
  • wearable devices e.g., smart watch, smart glasses
  • PDAs portable Internet devices, music players, data storage devices, other handheld devices, in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) , in-car entertainment (ICE) devices, an instrument cluster, head-up display (HUD) devices, onboard diagnostic (OBD) devices, dashtop mobile equipment (DME) , mobile data terminals (MDTs) , Electronic Engine Management System (EEMS) , electronic/engine
  • UE or “UE device” or “terminal” or “user device” may be broadly defined to encompass any electronic, computing, and/or telecommunications device (or combination of devices) that is easily transported by a user (or vehicle) and capable of wireless communication.
  • Wireless Device any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform wireless communications.
  • a wireless device may be portable (or mobile) or may be stationary or fixed at a certain location.
  • a UE is an example of a wireless device.
  • a Communication Device any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform communications, where the communications may be wired or wireless.
  • a communication device may be portable (or mobile) or may be stationary or fixed at a certain location.
  • a wireless device is an example of a communication device.
  • a UE is another example of a communication device.
  • Base Station —wireless base station, ” or “wireless station” have the full breadth of their ordinary meaning, and at least includes a wireless communication station installed at a fixed location and used to communicate as part of a wireless telephone system or radio system.
  • a wireless communication station installed at a fixed location and used to communicate as part of a wireless telephone system or radio system.
  • the base station is implemented in the context of LTE, it may alternately be referred to as an ‘eNodeB’ or ‘eNB’ .
  • eNodeB evolved NodeB
  • 5G NR it may alternately be referred to as a ‘gNodeB’ or ‘gNB’ .
  • references to “eNB, ” “gNB, ” “nodeB, ” “base station, ” “NB, ” and the like may refer to one or more wireless nodes that service a cell to provide a wireless connection between user devices and a wider network generally and that the concepts discussed are not limited to any particular wireless technology.
  • references to “eNB, ” “gNB, ” “nodeB, ” “base station, ” “NB, ” and the like are not intended to limit the concepts discussed herein to any particular wireless technology and the concepts discussed may be applied in any wireless system.
  • node may refer to one more apparatus associated with a cell that provide a wireless connection between user devices and a wired network generally.
  • Processing Element refers to various elements or combinations of elements that are capable of performing a function in a device, such as a user equipment or a cellular network device.
  • Processing elements may include, for example: processors and associated memory, portions or circuits of individual processor cores, entire processor cores, individual processors, processor arrays, circuits such as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) , programmable hardware elements such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) , as well any of various combinations of the above.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • channel widths may be variable (e.g., depending on device capability, band conditions, and the like) .
  • LTE may support scalable channel bandwidths from 1.4 MHz to 20MHz.
  • WLAN channels may be 22MHz wide while Bluetooth channels may be 1Mhz wide.
  • Other protocols and standards may include different definitions of channels.
  • some standards may define and use multiple types of channels (e.g., different channels for uplink or downlink and/or different channels for different uses such as data, control information, and the like) .
  • band has the full breadth of its ordinary meaning, and at least includes a section of spectrum (e.g., radio frequency spectrum) in which channels are used or set aside for the same purpose.
  • spectrum e.g., radio frequency spectrum
  • Configured to Various components may be described as “configured to” perform a task or tasks. In such contexts, “configured to” is a broad recitation generally meaning “having structure that” performs the task or tasks during operation. As such, the component may be configured to perform the task even when the component is not currently performing that task (e.g., a set of electrical conductors may be configured to electrically connect a module to another module, even when the two modules are not connected) . In some contexts, “configured to” may be a broad recitation of structure generally meaning “having circuitry that” performs the task or tasks during operation. As such, the component may be configured to perform the task even when the component is not currently on. In general, the circuitry that forms the structure corresponding to “configured to” may include hardware circuits.
  • Figure 1 a simplified example of a wireless communication system is illustrated, according to some aspects. It is noted that the system of Figure 1 is a non-limiting example of a possible system, and that features of this disclosure may be implemented in any of various systems, as desired.
  • the example wireless communication system includes a base station 102A, which communicates over a transmission medium with one or more user devices 106A and 106B, through 106Z.
  • Each of the user devices may be referred to herein as a “user equipment” (UE) .
  • UE user equipment
  • the user devices 106 are referred to as UEs or UE devices.
  • the base station (BS) 102A may be a base transceiver station (BTS) or cell site (e.g., a “cellular base station” ) and may include hardware that enables wireless communication with the UEs 106A through 106Z.
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • cell site e.g., a “cellular base station”
  • the communication area (or coverage area) of the base station may be referred to as a “cell. ”
  • the base station 102A and the UEs 106 may be configured to communicate over the transmission medium using any of various radio access technologies (RATs) , also referred to as wireless communication technologies, or telecommunication standards, such as GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces) , LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000.
  • RATs radio access technologies
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • UMTS associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces
  • the UEs 106 may be IoT UEs, which may comprise a network access layer designed for low-power IoT applications utilizing short-lived UE connections.
  • An IoT UE may utilize technologies such as M2M or MTC for exchanging data with an MTC server or device via a public land mobile network (PLMN) , proximity service (ProSe) or device-to-device (D2D) communication, sensor networks, or IoT networks.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • ProSe proximity service
  • D2D device-to-device
  • the M2M or MTC exchange of data may be a machine-initiated exchange of data.
  • An IoT network describes interconnecting IoT UEs, which may include uniquely identifiable embedded computing devices (within the Internet infrastructure) , with short-lived connections.
  • V2X vehicles to everything
  • the IoT UEs may also execute background applications (e.g., keep-alive messages, status updates, and the like) to facilitate the connections of the IoT network.
  • background applications e.g., keep-alive messages, status updates, and the like
  • the UEs 106 may directly exchange communication data via an SL interface 108.
  • the SL interface 108 may be a PC5 interface comprising one or more physical channels, including but not limited to a Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) , a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) , a Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH) , and a Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) .
  • PSSCH Physical Sidelink Shared Channel
  • PSCCH Physical Sidelink Control Channel
  • PSBCH Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel
  • PSFCH Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel
  • RSU Road Side Unit
  • the term RSU may refer to any transportation infrastructure entity used for V2X communications.
  • An RSU may be implemented in or by a suitable wireless node or a stationary (or relatively stationary) UE, where an RSU implemented in or by a UE may be referred to as a “UE-type RSU, ” an RSU implemented in or by an eNB may be referred to as an “eNB-type RSU, ” an RSU implemented in or by a gNB may be referred to as a “gNB-type RSU, ” and the like.
  • an RSU is a computing device coupled with radio frequency circuitry located on a roadside that provides connectivity support to passing vehicle UEs (vUEs) .
  • the RSU may also include internal data storage circuitry to store intersection map geometry, traffic statistics, media, as well as applications/software to sense and control ongoing vehicular and pedestrian traffic.
  • the RSU may operate on the 5.9 GHz Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) band to provide very low latency communications required for high speed events, such as crash avoidance, traffic warnings, and the like. Additionally, or alternatively, the RSU may operate on the cellular V2X band to provide the aforementioned low latency communications, as well as other cellular communications services.
  • ITS Intelligent Transport Systems
  • the RSU may operate as a Wi-Fi hotspot (2.4 GHz band) and/or provide connectivity to one or more cellular networks to provide uplink and downlink communications.
  • the computing device (s) and some or all of the radio frequency circuitry of the RSU may be packaged in a weather enclosure suitable for outdoor installation, and it may include a network interface controller to provide a wired connection (e.g., Ethernet) to a traffic signal controller and/or a backhaul network.
  • the base station 102A may also be equipped to communicate with a network 100 (e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider, a telecommunication network such as a public switched telephone network (PSTN) , and/or the Internet, among various possibilities) .
  • a network 100 e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider, a telecommunication network such as a public switched telephone network (PSTN) , and/or the Internet, among various possibilities
  • PSTN public switched telephone network
  • the base station 102A may facilitate communication between the user devices and/or between the user devices and the network 100.
  • the cellular base station 102A may provide UEs 106 with various telecommunication capabilities, such as voice, SMS and/or data services.
  • Base station 102A and other similar base stations (such as base stations 102B through 102N) operating according to the same or a different cellular communication standard may thus be provided as a network of cells, which may provide continuous or nearly continuous overlapping service to UEs 106A-106Z and similar devices over a geographic area via one or more cellular communication standards.
  • each UE 106 may also be capable of receiving signals from (and possibly within communication range of) one or more other cells (which may be provided by base stations 102B-102Z and/or any other base stations) , which may be referred to as “neighboring cells. ” Such cells may also be capable of facilitating communication between user devices and/or between user devices and the network 100. Such cells may include “macro” cells, “micro” cells, “pico” cells, and/or cells which provide any of various other granularities of service area size.
  • base stations 102A and 102B illustrated in Figure 1 may be macro cells, while base station 102Z may be a micro cell. Other configurations are also possible.
  • base station 102A may be a next generation base station, (e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB” ) .
  • a gNB may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and/or to a NR core (NRC) /5G core (5GC) network.
  • EPC legacy evolved packet core
  • NRC NR core
  • 5GC /5G core
  • a gNB cell may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs) .
  • TRPs transition and reception points
  • a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.
  • the base station 102A and one or more other base stations 102 support joint transmission, such that UE 106 may be able to receive transmissions from multiple base stations (and/or multiple TRPs provided by the same base station) .
  • both base station 102A and base station 102C are shown as serving UE 106A.
  • a UE 106 may be capable of communicating using multiple wireless communication standards.
  • the UE 106 may be configured to communicate using a wireless networking (e.g., Wi-Fi) and/or peer-to-peer wireless communication protocol (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi peer-to-peer, and the like) in addition to at least one of the cellular communication protocol discussed in the definitions above.
  • the UE 106 may also or alternatively be configured to communicate using one or more global navigational satellite systems (GNSS) (e.g., GPS or GLONASS) , one or more mobile television broadcasting standards (e.g., ATSC-M/H) , and/or any other wireless communication protocol, if desired.
  • GNSS global navigational satellite systems
  • ATSC-M/H mobile television broadcasting standards
  • ATSC-M/H ATSC-M/H
  • the UE 106 may be a device with cellular communication capability such as a mobile phone, a hand-held device, a computer, a laptop, a tablet, a smart watch, or other wearable device, or virtually any type of wireless device.
  • the UE 106 may include a processor (processing element) that is configured to execute program instructions stored in memory.
  • the UE 106 may perform any of the method aspects described herein by executing such stored instructions.
  • the UE 106 may include a programmable hardware element such as an FPGA (field-programmable gate array) , an integrated circuit, and/or any of various other possible hardware components that are configured to perform (e.g., individually or in combination) any of the method aspects described herein, or any portion of any of the method aspects described herein.
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • the UE 106 may include one or more antennas for communicating using one or more wireless communication protocols or technologies.
  • the UE 106 may be configured to communicate using, for example, NR or LTE using at least some shared radio components.
  • the UE 106 could be configured to communicate using CDMA2000 (1xRTT /1xEV-DO /HRPD /eHRPD) or LTE using a single shared radio and/or GSM or LTE using the single shared radio.
  • the shared radio may couple to a single antenna, or may couple to multiple antennas (e.g., for a multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) configuration) for performing wireless communications.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple output
  • a radio may include any combination of a baseband processor, analog RF signal processing circuitry (e.g., including filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, and the like) , or digital processing circuitry (e.g., for digital modulation as well as other digital processing) .
  • the radio may implement one or more receive and transmit chains using the aforementioned hardware.
  • the UE 106 may share one or more parts of a receive and/or transmit chain between multiple wireless communication technologies, such as those discussed above.
  • the UE 106 may include separate transmit and/or receive chains (e.g., including separate antennas and other radio components) for each wireless communication protocol with which it is configured to communicate.
  • the UE 106 may include one or more radios which are shared between multiple wireless communication protocols, and one or more radios which are used exclusively by a single wireless communication protocol.
  • the UE 106 might include a shared radio for communicating using either of LTE or 5G NR (or either of LTE or 1xRTT, or either of LTE or GSM, among various possibilities) , and separate radios for communicating using each of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Other configurations are also possible.
  • a downlink resource grid may be used for downlink transmissions from any of the base stations 102 to the UEs 106, while uplink transmissions may utilize similar techniques.
  • the grid may be a time-frequency grid, called a resource grid or time-frequency resource grid, which is the physical resource in the downlink in each slot.
  • a time-frequency plane representation is a common practice for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems, which makes it intuitive for radio resource selection.
  • Each column and each row of the resource grid corresponds to one OFDM symbol and one OFDM subcarrier, respectively.
  • the duration of the resource grid in the time domain corresponds to one slot in a radio frame.
  • the smallest time-frequency unit in a resource grid is denoted as a resource element.
  • Each resource grid may comprise a number of resource blocks, which describe the mapping of certain physical channels to resource elements.
  • Each resource block comprises a collection of resource elements. There are several different physical downlink channels that are conveyed using such resource blocks.
  • the physical downlink shared channel may carry user data and higher layer signaling to the UEs 106.
  • the physical downlink control channel may carry information about the transport format and resource allocations related to the PDSCH channel, among other things. It may also inform the UEs 106 about the transport format, resource allocation, and HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) information related to the uplink shared channel.
  • downlink scheduling (assigning control and shared channel resource blocks to the UE 102 within a cell) may be performed at any of the base stations 102 based on channel quality information fed back from any of the UEs 106.
  • the downlink resource assignment information may be sent on the PDCCH used for (e.g., assigned to) each of the UEs.
  • the PDCCH may use control channel elements (CCEs) to convey the control information.
  • CCEs control channel elements
  • the PDCCH complex-valued symbols may first be organized into quadruplets, which may then be permuted using a sub-block interleaver for rate matching.
  • Each PDCCH may be transmitted using one or more of these CCEs, where each CCE may correspond to nine sets of four physical resource elements known as resource element groups (REGs) .
  • Four Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) symbols may be mapped to each REG.
  • the PDCCH may be transmitted using one or more CCEs, depending on the size of the Downlink Control Information (DCI) and the channel condition.
  • DCI Downlink Control Information
  • There may be four or more different PDCCH formats defined in LTE with different numbers of CCEs (e.g., aggregation level, L 1, 2, 4, or 8) .
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of a communication device 106, according to some aspects. It is noted that the block diagram of the communication device of Figure 2 is only one example of a possible communication device.
  • communication device 106 may be a UE device or terminal, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device) , a tablet, and/or a combination of devices, among other devices.
  • the communication device 106 may include a set of components 200 configured to perform core functions.
  • this set of components may be implemented as a system on chip (SOC) , which may include portions for various purposes.
  • SOC system on chip
  • this set of components 200 may be implemented as separate components or groups of components for the various purposes.
  • the set of components 200 may be coupled (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to various other circuits of the communication device 106.
  • the communication device 106 may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash 210) , an input/output interface such as connector I/F 220 (e.g., for connecting to a computer system; dock; charging station; input devices, such as a microphone, camera, keyboard; output devices, such as speakers; and the like) , the display 260, which may be integrated with or external to the communication device 106, and wireless communication circuitry 230 (e.g., for LTE, LTE-A, NR, UMTS, GSM, CDMA2000, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC, GPS, and the like) .
  • communication device 106 may include wired communication circuitry (not shown) , such as a network interface card (e.g., for Ethernet connection) .
  • the wireless communication circuitry 230 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antenna (s) 235 as shown.
  • the wireless communication circuitry 230 may include cellular communication circuitry and/or short to medium range wireless communication circuitry, and may include multiple receive chains and/or multiple transmit chains for receiving and/or transmitting multiple spatial streams, such as in a MIMO configuration.
  • cellular communication circuitry 230 may include one or more receive chains (including and/or coupled to (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) dedicated processors and/or radios) for multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR) .
  • RATs Radio Access Technologies
  • cellular communication circuitry 230 may include a single transmit chain that may be switched between radios dedicated to specific RATs. For example, a first radio may be dedicated to a first RAT (e.g., LTE) and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and a transmit chain shared with a second radio.
  • the second radio may be dedicated to a second RAT (e.g., 5G NR) and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and the shared transmit chain.
  • the second RAT may operate at mmWave frequencies.
  • mmWave systems operate in higher frequencies than typically found in LTE systems, signals in the mmWave frequency range are heavily attenuated by environmental factors.
  • mmWave systems often utilize beamforming and include more antennas as compared LTE systems. These antennas may be organized into antenna arrays or panels made up of individual antenna elements. These antenna arrays may be coupled to the radio chains.
  • the communication device 106 may also include and/or be configured for use with one or more user interface elements.
  • the communication device 106 may further include one or more smart cards 245 that include Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) functionality, such as one or more Universal Integrated Circuit Card (s) (UICC (s) ) cards 245.
  • SIM Subscriber Identity Module
  • s Universal Integrated Circuit Card
  • UICC Universal Integrated Circuit Card
  • the SOC 200 may include processor (s) 202, which may execute program instructions for the communication device 106 and display circuitry 204, which may perform graphics processing and provide display signals to the display 260.
  • the processor (s) 202 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 240, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor (s) 202 and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 206, read only memory (ROM) 250, NAND flash memory 210) and/or to other circuits or devices, such as the display circuitry 204, wireless communication circuitry 230, connector I/F 220, and/or display 260.
  • the MMU 240 may be configured to perform memory protection and page table translation or set up. In some aspects, the MMU 240 may be included as a portion of the processor (s) 202.
  • the communication device 106 may be configured to communicate using wireless and/or wired communication circuitry.
  • the communication device 106 may include hardware and software components for implementing any of the various features and techniques described herein.
  • the processor 202 of the communication device 106 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein (e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium) .
  • processor 202 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) , or as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) .
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • the processor 202 of the communication device 106 in conjunction with one or more of the other components 200, 204, 206, 210, 220, 230, 240, 245, 250, 260 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.
  • processor 202 may include one or more processing elements.
  • processor 202 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor 202.
  • each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, and the like) configured to perform the functions of processor (s) 202.
  • wireless communication circuitry 230 may include one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in wireless communication circuitry 230.
  • wireless communication circuitry 230 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of wireless communication circuitry 230.
  • each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, and the like) configured to perform the functions of wireless communication circuitry 230.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example block diagram of a base station 102, according to some aspects. It is noted that the base station of Figure 3 is a non-limiting example of a possible base station.
  • the base station 102 may include processor (s) 304 which may execute program instructions for the base station 102.
  • the processor (s) 304 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 340, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor (s) 304 and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 360 and read only memory (ROM) 350) or to other circuits or devices.
  • MMU memory management unit
  • the base station 102 may include at least one network port 370.
  • the network port 370 may be configured to couple to a telephone network and provide a plurality of devices, such as UE devices 106, access to the telephone network as described above in Figure 1.
  • the network port 370 may also or alternatively be configured to couple to a cellular network, e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider.
  • the core network may provide mobility related services and/or other services to a plurality of devices, such as UE devices 106.
  • the network port 370 may couple to a telephone network via the core network, and/or the core network may provide a telephone network (e.g., among other UE devices serviced by the cellular service provider) .
  • base station 102 may be a next generation base station, (e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB” ) .
  • base station 102 may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and/or to a NR core (NRC) /5G core (5GC) network.
  • EPC legacy evolved packet core
  • NRC NR core
  • 5GC /5G core
  • base station 102 may be considered a 5G NR cell and may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs) .
  • TRPs transition and reception points
  • a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.
  • the base station 102 may include at least one antenna 334, and possibly multiple antennas.
  • the at least one antenna 334 may be configured to operate as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UE devices 106 via radio 330.
  • the antenna 334 communicates with the radio 330 via communication chain 332.
  • Communication chain 332 may be a receive chain, a transmit chain or both.
  • the radio 330 may be configured to communicate via various wireless communication standards, including 5G NR, LTE, LTE-A, GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, Wi-Fi, and the like.
  • the base station 102 may be configured to communicate wirelessly using multiple wireless communication standards.
  • the base station 102 may include multiple radios, which may enable the base station 102 to communicate according to multiple wireless communication technologies.
  • the base station 102 may include an LTE radio for performing communication according to LTE as well as a 5G NR radio for performing communication according to 5G NR.
  • the base station 102 may be capable of operating as both an LTE base station and a 5G NR base station.
  • the 5G NR radio may be coupled to one or more mmWave antenna arrays or panels.
  • the base station 102 may include a multi-mode radio, which is capable of performing communications according to any of multiple wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G NR and LTE, 5G NR and Wi-Fi, LTE and Wi-Fi, LTE and UMTS, LTE and CDMA2000, UMTS and GSM, and the like) .
  • multiple wireless communication technologies e.g., 5G NR and LTE, 5G NR and Wi-Fi, LTE and Wi-Fi, LTE and UMTS, LTE and CDMA2000, UMTS and GSM, and the like.
  • the BS 102 may include hardware and software components for implementing or supporting implementation of features described herein.
  • the processor 304 of the base station 102 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the methods described herein (e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium) .
  • the processor 304 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) , or as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) , or a combination thereof.
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • the processor 304 of the BS 102 in conjunction with one or more of the other components 330, 332, 334, 340, 350, 360, 370 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the features described herein.
  • processor (s) 304 may include one or more processing elements.
  • processor (s) 304 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor (s) 304.
  • each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, and the like) configured to perform the functions of processor (s) 304.
  • radio 330 may include one or more processing elements.
  • radio 330 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of radio 330.
  • each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, and the like) configured to perform the functions of radio 330.
  • Figure 4 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of cellular communication circuitry, according to some aspects. It is noted that the block diagram of the cellular communication circuitry of Figure 4 is only one example of a possible cellular communication circuit; other circuits, such as circuits including or coupled to sufficient antennas for different RATs to perform uplink activities using separate antennas, or circuits including or coupled to fewer antennas (e.g., that may be shared among multiple RATs) are also possible. According to some aspects, cellular communication circuitry 230 may be included in a communication device, such as communication device 106 described above.
  • communication device 106 may be a UE device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device) , a tablet and/or a combination of devices, among other devices.
  • the cellular communication circuitry 230 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 235a, 235b, and 236 as shown.
  • cellular communication circuitry 230 may include dedicated receive chains (including and/or coupled to (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) dedicated processors and/or radios) for multiple RATs (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR) .
  • cellular communication circuitry 230 may include a first modem 410 and a second modem 420.
  • the first modem 410 may be configured for communications according to a first RAT, e.g., such as LTE or LTE-A, and the second modem 420 may be configured for communications according to a second RAT, e.g., such as 5G NR.
  • a first RAT e.g., such as LTE or LTE-A
  • a second RAT e.g., such as 5G NR
  • the first modem 410 may include one or more processors 412 and a memory 416 in communication with processors 412. Modem 410 may be in communication with a radio frequency (RF) front end 430.
  • RF front end 430 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals.
  • RF front end 430 may include receive circuitry (RX) 432 and transmit circuitry (TX) 434.
  • receive circuitry 432 may be in communication with downlink (DL) front end 450, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 235a.
  • DL downlink
  • the second modem 420 may include one or more processors 422 and a memory 426 in communication with processors 422.
  • Modem 420 may be in communication with an RF front end 440.
  • RF front end 440 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals.
  • RF front end 440 may include receive circuitry 442 and transmit circuitry 444.
  • receive circuitry 442 may be in communication with DL front end 460, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 235b.
  • a switch 470 may couple transmit circuitry 434 to uplink (UL) front end 472.
  • switch 470 may couple transmit circuitry 444 to UL front end 472.
  • UL front end 472 may include circuitry for transmitting radio signals via antenna 236.
  • switch 470 may be switched to a first state that allows the first modem 410 to transmit signals according to the first RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry 434 and UL front end 472) .
  • switch 470 may be switched to a second state that allows the second modem 420 to transmit signals according to the second RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry 444 and UL front end 472) .
  • the first modem 410 and/or the second modem 420 may include hardware and software components for implementing any of the various features and techniques described herein.
  • the processors 412, 422 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium) .
  • processors 412, 422 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) , or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) .
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • processors 412, 422 in conjunction with one or more of the other components 430, 432, 434, 440, 442, 444, 450, 470, 472, 235 and 236 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.
  • processors 412, 422 may include one or more processing elements.
  • processors 412, 422 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processors 412, 422.
  • each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, and the like) configured to perform the functions of processors 412, 422.
  • the cellular communication circuitry 230 may include only one transmit/receive chain.
  • the cellular communication circuitry 230 may not include the modem 420, the RF front end 440, the DL front end 460, and/or the antenna 235b.
  • the cellular communication circuitry 230 may not include the modem 410, the RF front end 430, the DL front end 450, and/or the antenna 235a.
  • the cellular communication circuitry 230 may also not include the switch 470, and the RF front end 430 or the RF front end 440 may be in communication, e.g., directly, with the UL front end 472.
  • adaptation of cell DTX and/or DRX modes to include the alignment of cell DTX/DRX cycle active times with UE DRX may be beneficial for network energy savings.
  • Various mechanisms may be provided for informing a UE whether a cell that it is in communication with is staying inactive. Such mechanisms may include enhancements to legacy UE DRX configuration, e.g., to align and/or omit DRX cycles (or apply offsets to DRX) for UEs in Connected mode or in Idle/Inactive modes, thereby potentially allowing for longer opportunities for cell inactivity.
  • the cell may have no transmission/reception capability, or it may only keep limited transmission/reception capability. For example, the cell may not need to transmit or receive some periodic signals/channels, such as common channels/signals or UE-specific signals/channels.
  • the UEs may be configured with a DRX cycle, and then the network can stop transmission in UE DRX off (or “inactive” ) duration time to, in order to save transmission energy.
  • the base station may still need to transmit or receive some periodic signals/channels, such as the PRACH or scheduling request (SRs) .
  • a cell DRX pattern may be defined, such that a gNB could also stop listening to the PRACH (or other periodic signals/channels) during particular intervals.
  • a cell DRX pattern may be configured, wherein UEs may only transmit during the cell DRX on duration (i.e., “active time) .
  • active time duration
  • a UE may not be able to determine a valid RO associated to the desired Synchronization Signal/Physical Broadcast Channel (i.e., “SS/PBCH” ) block in the cell DRX active time, e.g., due to the “mismatch” of active windows and valid ROs within a PRACH association pattern period.
  • the ROs associated to different SS/PBCH blocks may have different densities within a given PRACH association period, which may be due to mismatch between the PRACH association pattern period and the cell’s DRX cycle.
  • the SS/PBCH block index numbers may be associated with different gNB beams.
  • FIG. 5 various diagrams 500/550 detailing examples of various issues caused by mismatch between cell DRX cycle active times and valid ROs within a PRACH association period are illustrated, according to some aspects.
  • a PRACH association period 510 is shown, including a determined set of valid ROs 505, shown as the rectangles with indices: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, repeating.
  • Each valid RO 505 in diagram 500 is also shown as being associated to a particular SS/PBCH block index number 515, as shown by the repeating pattern of block index numbers: 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, repeating.
  • an exemplary cell DRX pattern 520 which is comprised of one or more repeating cell DRX cycles 525.
  • Each cell DRX cycle may comprise an active time or “on duration” period 526 (during which the cell is able to receive transmissions from UEs) and an inactive time or “off duration” period 530, wherein the cell is able to conserve network energy by not receiving any UE transmissions.
  • an off duration may be at least 10ms to 100ms long, wherein the dynamism of the length of the off duration over time may be based on how dynamically the cell’s traffic level is changing over that time period of operation.
  • the UE can never use the RO (s) associated to SS/PBCH block index #2 (516) when this particular cell DRX pattern 520 is configured.
  • the valid ROs for SS/PBCH block index #2 will always correspond to an inactive, i.e., off duration period (530) , for the cell.
  • valid ROs for each of SS/PBCH block indices #0 and #1 do temporally align or “match” with at least one active time window 526 of the cell DRX pattern 520 shown in diagram 500.
  • FIG. 550 another exemplary cell DRX pattern 560 is shown, which is comprised of one or more repeating cell DRX cycles 565.
  • Each cell DRX cycle may comprise an active time or “on duration” period 566 (during which the cell is able to receive transmissions from UEs) and an inactive time or “off duration” period 570, wherein the cell is able to conserve network energy by not receiving any UE transmissions.
  • a network energy saving (NES) cell DRX mode (e.g., also referred to herein as “cell DRX mode A” ) may be defined, such that, when configured, a UE is not expected to transmit during an off duration or “inactive time” of the cell DRX cycle.
  • a network may configure a separate valid RO configuration for so-called “NES-capable” UEs when the aforementioned NES cell DRX mode A is configured.
  • this new RO configuration would not cause any UE behavior change to legacy UEs and/or non-NES-capable UEs.
  • one or more new valid RO determination criterion may be introduced for the NES-capable UEs when the cell DRX mode A has been configured.
  • the valid ROs may be determined according to the existing valid RO criteria in place, and then further refined to exclude any ROs that may occur temporally within a cell DRX off duration (i.e., inactive time) .
  • SS/PBCH block index number associations may be mapped on to only the valid ROs identified according to the new valid RO criteria, thereby ameliorating any of the “mismatch” issues described above, e.g., with reference to Figure 5.
  • the PRACH association period may also be updated according to the determined new set of valid ROs (i.e., those still remaining after applying the cell DRX on duration criterion. )
  • FIG. 6A–6B various diagrams 600/630/660 detailing exemplary solutions for the problem of mismatches between cell DRX cycle active times and valid ROs within a PRACH association period are illustrated, according to some aspects, according to some aspects.
  • a new PRACH association period 610 is shown, including a determined set of valid ROs 605, shown as the rectangles with indices: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, repeating.
  • Each valid RO 605 in diagram 600 that corresponds with a cell DRX on duration, i.e., “active time, ” is also shown as being associated to a particular SS/PBCH block index number 615, as shown by the repeating pattern of block index numbers: 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, repeating.
  • Valid ROs 605 in diagram 600 that do not correspond with a cell DRX on duration, i.e., “active time, ” are shown as not being associated to any particular SS/PBCH block index number 615, and are instead marked with an ‘X’ character.
  • an association period, starting from frame 0, for mapping SS/PBCH block indexes to PRACH occasions is the smallest value in the set determined by the PRACH configuration period according Table 8.1-1, such that SS/PBCH block indexes are mapped at least once to the PRACH occasions within the association period, where a UE obtains from the value of ssb-PositionsInBurst in SIB1 or in ServingCellConfigCommon.
  • the PRACH configuration period 611 (i.e., the time period between RO 0 and RO 7) may be thought of as being 20ms.
  • the minimum value from 3GPP TS 38.213 Table 8.1-1 for mapping the SS/PBCH block indexes 0–2 to valid ROs at least once is two (i.e., since there are only two valid ROs in the PRACH configuration period 611) . Therefore, the PRACH association period 610 in the example shown in diagram 600 is 40 ms (i.e., the duration of two PRACH configuration periods 611) .
  • the PRACH association period 640 in the example shown in diagram 630 is 20 ms (i.e., the duration of a single PRACH configuration period 641) .
  • an exemplary cell DRX pattern 620 is shown, which is comprised of one or more repeating cell DRX cycles 625.
  • Each cell DRX cycle may comprise an active time or “on duration” period 626 (during which the cell is able to receive transmissions from UEs) and an inactive time or “off duration” periods 630 n , wherein the cell is able to conserve network energy by not receiving any UE transmissions.
  • an active time or “on duration” period 626 (during which the cell is able to receive transmissions from UEs) and an inactive time or “off duration” periods 630 n , wherein the cell is able to conserve network energy by not receiving any UE transmissions.
  • each SS/PBCH block index (615) appears equal.
  • the SS/PBCH block indices associated with valid ROs during cell DRX active times will follow the repeating pattern of #0, #1, #2, #0, #1, #2, etc., such that there is a balanced number of ROs for each SS/PBCH block index.
  • FIG. 6A another exemplary cell DRX pattern 650 is shown, which is comprised of one or more repeating cell DRX cycles 655.
  • the duration of PRACH association period 640 is shown as being equal to the duration of a single PRACH configuration period 641 (e.g., 20 ms) .
  • Each cell DRX cycle 655 may again comprise an active time or “on duration” period 659 (during which the cell is able to receive transmissions from UEs) and an inactive time or “off duration” period 658 n , wherein the cell is able to conserve network energy by not receiving any UE transmissions.
  • the cell DRX cycle 655 is approximately half the duration of the cell DRX cycle 625 that was illustrated in diagram 600.
  • the “density” of each SS/PBCH block index (645) appears equal.
  • the SS/PBCH block indices associated with valid ROs during cell DRX active times will follow the repeating pattern of #0, #1, #2, #0, #1, #2, etc., such that there is a balanced number of ROs for each SS/PBCH block index. It is also noted that, according to some configurations, there may be one or more ROs that are “valid” but that are not mapped to a particular SS/PBCH block index number (e.g., 646) .
  • the additional valid RO criterion described herein may be applied to NES-capable UEs in Idle, Inactive, and/or Connected modes.
  • the network can offload legacy UEs to non-DRX cells, while the NES-capable UEs may remain in the NES cell, thereby being able to achieve a complete shutting down.
  • the additional valid RO criterion may only be applied to NES-capable UEs in a Connected mode (while Idle mode and Inactive mode UEs may still perform “conventional” valid RO determination procedures, i.e., not taking the cell DRX cycle on durations into account) .
  • the network may reconfigure an RO configuration for the Idle and/or Inactive mode UEs, wherein the ROs outside the cell’s DRX on duration period are minimized to the greatest extent possible. Alternately, the network may simply offload these UEs to a different cell.
  • the network may reconfigure an RO configuration where the ROs outside cell’s DRX on duration period are minimized to the greatest extent possible through use of System Information Blocks (SIBs) or dedicated Radio Resource Contorl (RRC) signaling.
  • SIBs System Information Blocks
  • RRC Radio Resource Contorl
  • an improved UE behavior for receiving RAR may be determined based on the cell’s DTX pattern and/or the NES cell DTX mode. For example, if an NES cell DTX “mode A” is configured (i.e., a most aggressive energy saving mode) , then the gNB may not transmit at all during the off duration period of the cell DTX cycle.
  • RAR Random Access Response
  • the window for receiving a RAR window may span only across on durations, i.e., the timer for RAR may simply be paused during any DTX off duration.
  • the ra-ResponseWindow may be configured to pause outside of the active time of the cell DTX cycle.
  • FIG. 6B another exemplary cell DRX pattern 680 is shown, which is comprised of one or more repeating cell DRX cycles 685.
  • Each cell DRX cycle may comprise an active time or “on duration” period 686 (during which the cell is able to receive transmissions from UEs) and an inactive time or “off duration” period 690 n , wherein the cell is able to conserve network energy by not receiving any UE transmissions.
  • the PRACH association period 670 may again need to be extended (i.e., to the duration of two PRACH configuration periods 671) , since fewer ROs will pass the additional validity criterion.
  • determining a valid RO may further comprise determining that a last symbol of the RO is at least a threshold number, N, of symbols before a last symbol of an active time of a given DRX cycle that the RO is located in.
  • a different cell DTX “mode B” may be configured (i.e., a mode that is less aggressive in energy savings) , wherein a legacy mechanism for determining the RAR window may be used.
  • the UE may still monitor for RAR messages during cell DTX off durations, i.e., the cell’s DTX on duration may be extended for the limited purpose of transmitting RAR.
  • a UE practicing the method of 700 may transmit, from a user Equipment (UE) , a first capability indication to a base station, wherein the first capability indication indicates that the UE is network energy savings (NES) -capable and/or that the UE is capable of applying one or more valid Physical Random Access Channel (RACH) Occasion (RO) criteria.
  • UE user Equipment
  • NES network energy savings
  • RO Occasion
  • the method 700 may receive, at the UE from the base station, a first RO configuration and a first discontinuous reception (DRX) mode configuration, wherein the first DRX mode configuration specifies a DRX cycle used by the base station.
  • DRX discontinuous reception
  • the method 700 may determine, by the UE, a first set of valid ROs for transmitting RACH messages to the base station, wherein determining the first set of valid ROs further comprises determining that the base station would be in an active time of the first DRX mode during the first set of valid ROs.
  • the method 700 may transmit a first RACH message (e.g., a Msg1) from the UE to the base station during a first valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs.
  • a first RACH message e.g., a Msg1
  • the method 700 may optionally determine, by the UE, a second valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs for transmitting a second RACH message to the base station.
  • the method 700 may optionally transmit the second RACH message from the UE to the base station during the determined second valid RO (e.g., wherein the second valid RO is associated with a second SS/PBCH block index, and wherein the second SS/PBCH block index is different than a first SS/PBCH block index associated with the first valid RO) .
  • the second valid RO is associated with a second SS/PBCH block index
  • the second SS/PBCH block index is different than a first SS/PBCH block index associated with the first valid RO
  • first and a second valid RO in method 700 are not intended, in any way, to limit the scope of the present embodiments to a set or particular number of valid ROs within a RACH association period.
  • a plurality of valid ROs, each associated with a distinct SS/PBCH block index may be determined and used to transmit RACH messages during a given RACH association period, ensuring that each determined valid RO will transmit RACH message during an active time of the a first DRX mode that the base station is presently operating in.
  • benefits of the various embodiments disclosed herein may include providing greater network configuration flexibility to achieve different levels of network energy saving gains.
  • a network may be able to achieve the greatest energy savings when configured in a “cell DRX mode A” and a “cell DTX mode A, ” i.e., wherein the cell completely stops monitoring PRACH preambles during cell DRX off durations and completely stops transmitting RAR in cell DTX off durations.
  • Intelligent network configurations may be employed to balance between desired energy savings gains and UE network access latency (e.g., if the cell DRX mode A is configured, but the “cell DTX mode B” is configured in a given setup) .
  • analogous techniques to the techniques disclosed herein may also be applied to other common signals and/or channels in NR or beyond, e.g., common CORESET reception, Paging, etc.
  • connective term “and/or” is meant to represent all possible alternatives of the conjunction “and” and the conjunction “or. ”
  • sentence “configuration of A and/or B” includes the meaning and of sentences “configuration of A and B” and “configuration of A or B. ”
  • personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users.
  • personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
  • aspects of the present disclosure may be realized in any of various forms. For example, some aspects may be realized as a computer-implemented method, a computer-readable memory medium, or a computer system. Other aspects may be realized using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. Still other aspects may be realized using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium may be configured so that it stores program instructions and/or data, where the program instructions, if executed by a computer system, cause the computer system to perform a method (e.g., any of a method aspects described herein, or, any combination of the method aspects described herein, or any subset of any of the method aspects described herein, or any combination of such subsets) .
  • a method e.g., any of a method aspects described herein, or, any combination of the method aspects described herein, or any subset of any of the method aspects described herein, or any combination of such subsets
  • a device e.g., a UE 106, a BS 102
  • a device may be configured to include a processor (or a set of processors) and a memory medium, where the memory medium stores program instructions, where the processor is configured to read and execute the program instructions from the memory medium, where the program instructions are executable to implement any of the various method aspects described herein (or, any combination of the method aspects described herein, or, any subset of any of the method aspects described herein, or, any combination of such subsets) .
  • the device may be realized in any of various forms.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The present application relates to an improved method of operating a user equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting a first capability indication to a base station (e.g., gNB or gNodeB), wherein the first capability indication indicates that the UE is network energy savings (NES) -capable; receiving a first Physical Random Access Channel (RACH) Occasion (RO) configuration and a first discontinuous reception (DRX) mode configuration, wherein the first DRX mode configuration specifies a DRX cycle used by the base station; determining, by the UE, a first set of valid ROs for transmitting RACH messages to the base station, wherein determining the first set of valid ROs further comprises determining that the base station would be in an active time of the first DRX mode during the first set of valid ROs; and transmitting a first RACH message to the base station during a first valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs.

Description

METHODS OF VALID PHYSICAL RANDOM ACCESS CHANNEL (RACH) OCCASION (RO) DETERMINATION IN CELL DISCONTINUOUS RECEPTION (DRX) MODE TECHNICAL FIELD
The present application relates to wireless devices and wireless networks, including user devices, terminals, circuits, computer-readable media, and methods for performing valid Physical Random Access Channel (RACH) Occasion (RO) determination in cell Discontinuous Reception (DRX) mode.
BACKGROUND
Wireless communication systems are rapidly growing in usage. In recent years, wireless devices such as smart phones and tablet computers have become increasingly sophisticated. In addition to supporting telephone calls, many mobile devices now provide access to the Internet, email, text messaging, and navigation using the global positioning system (GPS) and are capable of operating sophisticated applications that utilize these functionalities. Additionally, there exist numerous different wireless communication technologies and standards. Some examples of wireless communication standards include GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces) , Long-Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE Advanced (LTE-A) , HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD) , IEEE 802.11 (WLAN or Wi-Fi) , and BLUETOOTHTM, among others.
The ever-increasing number of features and functionality introduced in wireless communication devices also creates a continuous need for improvement in both wireless communications and in wireless communication devices. To increase coverage and better serve the increasing demand and range of envisioned uses of wireless communication, in addition to the communication standards mentioned above, there are further wireless communication  technologies under development, including the fifth generation (5G) standard and New Radio (NR) communication technologies and beyond. Accordingly, improvements in the field in support of such development and design are desired.
In Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards development, conservation of energy and processing resources is almost always an important design consideration. Recently, it has been proposed in 3GPP to study whether network (i.e., cell tower/base station) discontinuous transmission (DTX) and/or discontinuous reception (DRX) modes can be used to effectively enable greater network energy savings (NES) . However, determining whether (and when) a base station (also referred to herein as a “gNB” or “gNodeB” ) can stop listening to the Physical Random Access Channel (i.e., “RACH” or “PRACH” ) and send random access response (RAR) messages is crucial to achieving such network energy saving gains. Thus, there is a desire for improvements, which may intelligently define new RACH Occasion (RO) mapping criteria (and several RAR reception schemes) to enable the greatest network energy saving gains-and strike an appropriate balance between network energy saving gains and UE network access latency.
SUMMARY
In accordance with one or more embodiments, a method of operating a user equipment (UE) is disclosed herein, the method comprising: transmitting, from the UE, a first capability indication to a base station (e.g., a gNB or gNodeB) , wherein the first capability indication indicates that the UE is network energy savings (NES) -capable; receiving, at the UE from the base station, a first Physical Random Access Channel (RACH) Occasion (RO) configuration and a first discontinuous reception (DRX) mode configuration, wherein the first DRX mode configuration specifies a DRX cycle used by the base station; determining, by the UE, a first set of valid ROs for transmitting RACH messages to the base station, wherein determining the first set of valid ROs further comprises determining that the base station would be in an active time of the first DRX mode during the first set of valid ROs; and transmitting a first RACH message (e.g., a random access preamble (Msg1) message) from the UE to the base station during a first valid RO in the  determined first set of valid ROs.
According to some aspects, the UE may only be in an RRC_CONNECTED state when transmitting RACH messages to the base station. According to other aspects, the first capability indication may be used to indicate that the UE is capable of applying one or more valid RO criteria in the determination of the first set of valid ROs. According to still other aspects, the first valid RO is associated with a first Synchronization Signal/Physical Broadcast Channel (SS/PBCH) block index.
According to other aspects, the method may further comprise: determining, by the UE, a second valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs for transmitting a second RACH message to the base station; and transmitting the second RACH message from the UE to the base station during the determined second valid RO (e.g., wherein the second valid RO is associated with a second SS/PBCH block index that is different than an SS/PBCH block index associated with the first SS/PBCH block index.
According to still other aspects, each SS/PBCH block in a set of SS/PBCH blocks is associated with at least one RO in the first set of valid ROs.
According to still other aspects, the base station is further configured to use a first discontinuous transmission (DTX) mode (e.g., wherein the base station is configured to not transmit to the UE outside of an active time of a DTX cycle configured in the first DTX mode) . According to some such aspects, the method may further comprise: receiving, at the UE and transmitted from the base station in response to the first RACH message, a random access response (RAR) message (e.g., wherein a ra-ResponseWindow is configured to pause outside of the active time of the DTX cycle) . According to still further aspects, the method may further comprise: determining the first valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs (e.g., determining a position in time and/or frequency for the first valid RO) , wherein determining the first valid RO further comprises determining that a last symbol of the first valid RO is at least a threshold number, N, of symbols before a last symbol of an active time of a DRX cycle that the first valid RO is in.
The various methods and techniques summarized in this section may likewise be performed by a UE device comprising: a receiver; a transmitter; and a processor configured to perform any of the various methods and techniques summarized herein. The various methods and techniques summarized in this section may likewise be stored as instructions in a non-volatile computer-readable medium, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the performance of the various methods and techniques summarized herein.
This Summary is intended to provide a brief overview of some of the subject matter described in this document. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the above-described features are merely examples and should not be construed to narrow the scope or spirit of the subject matter described herein in any way. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter described herein will become apparent from the following Detailed Description, Figures, and Claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
A better understanding of the present subject matter may be obtained when the following detailed description of various aspects is considered in conjunction with the following drawings:
Figure 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system, according to some aspects.
Figure 2 illustrates an example block diagram of a UE, according to some aspects.
Figure 3 illustrates an example block diagram of a Base Station (BS) , according to some aspects.
Figure 4 illustrates an example block diagram of wireless communication circuitry, according to some aspects.
Figure 5 illustrates various diagrams detailing examples of mismatch between cell DRX cycle active times and valid ROs within a PRACH association period, according to some  aspects.
Figures 6A–6B illustrates various diagrams detailing exemplary solutions for the problem of mismatches between cell DRX cycle active times and valid ROs within a PRACH association period, according to some aspects.
Figure 7 is a flowchart detailing a method of performing valid RO determination when a cell is operating in a DRX mode, according to some aspects.
While the features described herein may be susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific aspects thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and detailed description thereto are not intended to be limiting to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the subject matter as defined by the appended claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present application relates to improved methods for valid Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) Occasion (RO) determination for a cellular network operating in discontinuous transmission (DTX) and/or discontinuous reception (DRX) modes, in order to enable greater network energy savings (NES) .
The following is a glossary of additional terms that may be used in this disclosure:
Memory Medium –Any of various types of non-transitory memory devices or storage devices. The term “memory medium” is intended to include an installation medium, (e.g., a CD-ROM, floppy disks, or tape device; a computer system memory or random-access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM) , a non-volatile memory such as a Flash, magnetic media (e.g., a hard drive, or optical storage; registers, or other similar types of memory elements) . The memory medium may include other types of non-transitory memory as well or combinations thereof. In addition, the memory medium may be located in a first computer  system in which the programs are executed or may be located in a second different computer system which connects to the first computer system over a network, such as the Internet. In the latter instance, the second computer system may provide program instructions to the first computer for execution. The term “memory medium” may include two or more memory mediums which may reside in different locations (e.g., in different computer systems that are connected over a network) . The memory medium may store program instructions (e.g., embodied as computer programs) that may be executed by one or more processors.
Carrier Medium –a memory medium as described above, as well as a physical transmission medium, such as a bus, network, and/or other physical transmission medium that conveys signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals.
Programmable Hardware Element -includes various hardware devices comprising multiple programmable function blocks connected via a programmable interconnect. Examples include FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) , PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices) , FPOAs (Field Programmable Object Arrays) , and CPLDs (Complex PLDs) . The programmable function blocks may range from fine grained (combinatorial logic or look up tables) to coarse grained (arithmetic logic units or processor cores) . A programmable hardware element may also be referred to as “reconfigurable logic. ”
User Equipment (UE) (also “User Device, ” “UE Device, ” or “Terminal” ) –any of various types of computer systems or devices that are mobile or portable and that perform wireless communications. Examples of UE devices include mobile telephones or smart phones (e.g., iPhoneTM, AndroidTM-based phones) , portable gaming devices (e.g., Nintendo SwitchTM, Nintendo DSTM, PlayStation VitaTM, PlayStation PortableTM, Gameboy AdvanceTM, iPhoneTM) , laptops, wearable devices (e.g., smart watch, smart glasses) , PDAs, portable Internet devices, music players, data storage devices, other handheld devices, in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) , in-car entertainment (ICE) devices, an instrument cluster, head-up display (HUD) devices, onboard diagnostic (OBD) devices, dashtop mobile equipment (DME) , mobile data terminals (MDTs) , Electronic Engine  Management System (EEMS) , electronic/engine control units (ECUs) , electronic/engine control modules (ECMs) , embedded systems, microcontrollers, control modules, engine management systems (EMS) , networked or “smart” appliances, machine type communications (MTC) devices, machine-to-machine (M2M) , internet of things (IoT) devices, and the like. In general, the terms “UE” or “UE device” or “terminal” or “user device” may be broadly defined to encompass any electronic, computing, and/or telecommunications device (or combination of devices) that is easily transported by a user (or vehicle) and capable of wireless communication.
Wireless Device –any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform wireless communications. A wireless device may be portable (or mobile) or may be stationary or fixed at a certain location. A UE is an example of a wireless device.
Communication Device –any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform communications, where the communications may be wired or wireless. A communication device may be portable (or mobile) or may be stationary or fixed at a certain location. A wireless device is an example of a communication device. A UE is another example of a communication device.
Base Station –The terms “base station, ” “wireless base station, ” or “wireless station” have the full breadth of their ordinary meaning, and at least includes a wireless communication station installed at a fixed location and used to communicate as part of a wireless telephone system or radio system. For example, if the base station is implemented in the context of LTE, it may alternately be referred to as an ‘eNodeB’ or ‘eNB’ . If the base station is implemented in the context of 5G NR, it may alternately be referred to as a ‘gNodeB’ or ‘gNB’ . Although certain aspects are described in the context of LTE or 5G NR, references to “eNB, ” “gNB, ” “nodeB, ” “base station, ” “NB, ” and the like, may refer to one or more wireless nodes that service a cell to provide a wireless connection between user devices and a wider network generally and that the concepts discussed are not limited to any particular wireless technology. Although certain aspects are described in the context of LTE or 5G NR, references to “eNB, ” “gNB, ” “nodeB, ” “base station, ” “NB, ” and  the like, are not intended to limit the concepts discussed herein to any particular wireless technology and the concepts discussed may be applied in any wireless system.
Node –The term “node, ” or “wireless node” as used herein, may refer to one more apparatus associated with a cell that provide a wireless connection between user devices and a wired network generally.
Processing Element (or Processor) –refers to various elements or combinations of elements that are capable of performing a function in a device, such as a user equipment or a cellular network device. Processing elements may include, for example: processors and associated memory, portions or circuits of individual processor cores, entire processor cores, individual processors, processor arrays, circuits such as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) , programmable hardware elements such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) , as well any of various combinations of the above.
Channel -a medium used to convey information from a sender (transmitter) to a receiver. It should be noted that since characteristics of the term “channel” may differ according to different wireless protocols, the term “channel” as used herein may be considered as being used in a manner that is consistent with the standard of the type of device with reference to which the term is used. In some standards, channel widths may be variable (e.g., depending on device capability, band conditions, and the like) . For example, LTE may support scalable channel bandwidths from 1.4 MHz to 20MHz. WLAN channels may be 22MHz wide while Bluetooth channels may be 1Mhz wide. Other protocols and standards may include different definitions of channels. Furthermore, some standards may define and use multiple types of channels (e.g., different channels for uplink or downlink and/or different channels for different uses such as data, control information, and the like) .
Band -The term “band” has the full breadth of its ordinary meaning, and at least includes a section of spectrum (e.g., radio frequency spectrum) in which channels are used or set aside for the same purpose.
Configured to -Various components may be described as “configured to” perform a task or tasks. In such contexts, “configured to” is a broad recitation generally meaning “having structure that” performs the task or tasks during operation. As such, the component may be configured to perform the task even when the component is not currently performing that task (e.g., a set of electrical conductors may be configured to electrically connect a module to another module, even when the two modules are not connected) . In some contexts, “configured to” may be a broad recitation of structure generally meaning “having circuitry that” performs the task or tasks during operation. As such, the component may be configured to perform the task even when the component is not currently on. In general, the circuitry that forms the structure corresponding to “configured to” may include hardware circuits.
Various components may be described as performing a task or tasks, for convenience in the description. Such descriptions should be interpreted as including the phrase “configured to. ” Reciting a component that is configured to perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke 35 U. S. C. § 112 (f) interpretation for that component.
Example Wireless Communication System
Turning now to Figure 1, a simplified example of a wireless communication system is illustrated, according to some aspects. It is noted that the system of Figure 1 is a non-limiting example of a possible system, and that features of this disclosure may be implemented in any of various systems, as desired.
As shown, the example wireless communication system includes a base station 102A, which communicates over a transmission medium with one or more user devices 106A and 106B, through 106Z. Each of the user devices may be referred to herein as a “user equipment” (UE) . Thus, the user devices 106 are referred to as UEs or UE devices.
The base station (BS) 102A may be a base transceiver station (BTS) or cell site (e.g., a “cellular base station” ) and may include hardware that enables wireless communication with the  UEs 106A through 106Z.
The communication area (or coverage area) of the base station may be referred to as a “cell. ” The base station 102A and the UEs 106 may be configured to communicate over the transmission medium using any of various radio access technologies (RATs) , also referred to as wireless communication technologies, or telecommunication standards, such as GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces) , LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000. Note that if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of LTE, it may alternately be referred to as an ‘eNodeB’ or ‘eNB’ . Note that if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of 5G NR, it may alternately be referred to as a ‘gNodeB’ or ‘gNB’ .
In some aspects, the UEs 106 may be IoT UEs, which may comprise a network access layer designed for low-power IoT applications utilizing short-lived UE connections. An IoT UE may utilize technologies such as M2M or MTC for exchanging data with an MTC server or device via a public land mobile network (PLMN) , proximity service (ProSe) or device-to-device (D2D) communication, sensor networks, or IoT networks. The M2M or MTC exchange of data may be a machine-initiated exchange of data. An IoT network describes interconnecting IoT UEs, which may include uniquely identifiable embedded computing devices (within the Internet infrastructure) , with short-lived connections. As an example, vehicles to everything (V2X) may utilize ProSe features using an SL interface for direct communications between devices. The IoT UEs may also execute background applications (e.g., keep-alive messages, status updates, and the like) to facilitate the connections of the IoT network.
As shown, the UEs 106, such as UE 106A and UE 106B, may directly exchange communication data via an SL interface 108. The SL interface 108 may be a PC5 interface comprising one or more physical channels, including but not limited to a Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) , a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) , a Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH) , and a Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) .
In V2X scenarios, one or more of the base stations 102 may be or act as Road Side  Units (RSUs) . The term RSU may refer to any transportation infrastructure entity used for V2X communications. An RSU may be implemented in or by a suitable wireless node or a stationary (or relatively stationary) UE, where an RSU implemented in or by a UE may be referred to as a “UE-type RSU, ” an RSU implemented in or by an eNB may be referred to as an “eNB-type RSU, ” an RSU implemented in or by a gNB may be referred to as a “gNB-type RSU, ” and the like. In one example, an RSU is a computing device coupled with radio frequency circuitry located on a roadside that provides connectivity support to passing vehicle UEs (vUEs) . The RSU may also include internal data storage circuitry to store intersection map geometry, traffic statistics, media, as well as applications/software to sense and control ongoing vehicular and pedestrian traffic. The RSU may operate on the 5.9 GHz Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) band to provide very low latency communications required for high speed events, such as crash avoidance, traffic warnings, and the like. Additionally, or alternatively, the RSU may operate on the cellular V2X band to provide the aforementioned low latency communications, as well as other cellular communications services. Additionally, or alternatively, the RSU may operate as a Wi-Fi hotspot (2.4 GHz band) and/or provide connectivity to one or more cellular networks to provide uplink and downlink communications. The computing device (s) and some or all of the radio frequency circuitry of the RSU may be packaged in a weather enclosure suitable for outdoor installation, and it may include a network interface controller to provide a wired connection (e.g., Ethernet) to a traffic signal controller and/or a backhaul network.
As shown, the base station 102A may also be equipped to communicate with a network 100 (e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider, a telecommunication network such as a public switched telephone network (PSTN) , and/or the Internet, among various possibilities) . Thus, the base station 102A may facilitate communication between the user devices and/or between the user devices and the network 100. In particular, the cellular base station 102A may provide UEs 106 with various telecommunication capabilities, such as voice, SMS and/or data services.
Base station 102A and other similar base stations (such as base stations 102B through 102N) operating according to the same or a different cellular communication standard may thus be provided as a network of cells, which may provide continuous or nearly continuous overlapping service to UEs 106A-106Z and similar devices over a geographic area via one or more cellular communication standards.
Thus, while base station 102A may act as a “serving cell” for UEs 106A-106Z as illustrated in Figure 1, each UE 106 may also be capable of receiving signals from (and possibly within communication range of) one or more other cells (which may be provided by base stations 102B-102Z and/or any other base stations) , which may be referred to as “neighboring cells. ” Such cells may also be capable of facilitating communication between user devices and/or between user devices and the network 100. Such cells may include “macro” cells, “micro” cells, “pico” cells, and/or cells which provide any of various other granularities of service area size. For example, base stations 102A and 102B illustrated in Figure 1 may be macro cells, while base station 102Z may be a micro cell. Other configurations are also possible.
In some aspects, base station 102A may be a next generation base station, (e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB” ) . In some aspects, a gNB may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and/or to a NR core (NRC) /5G core (5GC) network. In addition, a gNB cell may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs) . In addition, a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs. For example, it may be possible that that the base station 102A and one or more other base stations 102 support joint transmission, such that UE 106 may be able to receive transmissions from multiple base stations (and/or multiple TRPs provided by the same base station) . For example, as illustrated in Figure 1, both base station 102A and base station 102C are shown as serving UE 106A.
Note that a UE 106 may be capable of communicating using multiple wireless communication standards. For example, the UE 106 may be configured to communicate using a  wireless networking (e.g., Wi-Fi) and/or peer-to-peer wireless communication protocol (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi peer-to-peer, and the like) in addition to at least one of the cellular communication protocol discussed in the definitions above. The UE 106 may also or alternatively be configured to communicate using one or more global navigational satellite systems (GNSS) (e.g., GPS or GLONASS) , one or more mobile television broadcasting standards (e.g., ATSC-M/H) , and/or any other wireless communication protocol, if desired. Other combinations of wireless communication standards (including more than two wireless communication standards) are also possible.
In one or more embodiments, the UE 106 may be a device with cellular communication capability such as a mobile phone, a hand-held device, a computer, a laptop, a tablet, a smart watch, or other wearable device, or virtually any type of wireless device.
The UE 106 may include a processor (processing element) that is configured to execute program instructions stored in memory. The UE 106 may perform any of the method aspects described herein by executing such stored instructions. Alternatively, or in addition, the UE 106 may include a programmable hardware element such as an FPGA (field-programmable gate array) , an integrated circuit, and/or any of various other possible hardware components that are configured to perform (e.g., individually or in combination) any of the method aspects described herein, or any portion of any of the method aspects described herein.
The UE 106 may include one or more antennas for communicating using one or more wireless communication protocols or technologies. In some aspects, the UE 106 may be configured to communicate using, for example, NR or LTE using at least some shared radio components. As additional possibilities, the UE 106 could be configured to communicate using CDMA2000 (1xRTT /1xEV-DO /HRPD /eHRPD) or LTE using a single shared radio and/or GSM or LTE using the single shared radio. The shared radio may couple to a single antenna, or may couple to multiple antennas (e.g., for a multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) configuration) for performing wireless communications. In general, a radio may include any combination of a  baseband processor, analog RF signal processing circuitry (e.g., including filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, and the like) , or digital processing circuitry (e.g., for digital modulation as well as other digital processing) . Similarly, the radio may implement one or more receive and transmit chains using the aforementioned hardware. For example, the UE 106 may share one or more parts of a receive and/or transmit chain between multiple wireless communication technologies, such as those discussed above.
In some aspects, the UE 106 may include separate transmit and/or receive chains (e.g., including separate antennas and other radio components) for each wireless communication protocol with which it is configured to communicate. As a further possibility, the UE 106 may include one or more radios which are shared between multiple wireless communication protocols, and one or more radios which are used exclusively by a single wireless communication protocol. For example, the UE 106 might include a shared radio for communicating using either of LTE or 5G NR (or either of LTE or 1xRTT, or either of LTE or GSM, among various possibilities) , and separate radios for communicating using each of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Other configurations are also possible.
In some aspects, a downlink resource grid may be used for downlink transmissions from any of the base stations 102 to the UEs 106, while uplink transmissions may utilize similar techniques. The grid may be a time-frequency grid, called a resource grid or time-frequency resource grid, which is the physical resource in the downlink in each slot. Such a time-frequency plane representation is a common practice for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems, which makes it intuitive for radio resource selection. Each column and each row of the resource grid corresponds to one OFDM symbol and one OFDM subcarrier, respectively. The duration of the resource grid in the time domain corresponds to one slot in a radio frame. The smallest time-frequency unit in a resource grid is denoted as a resource element. Each resource grid may comprise a number of resource blocks, which describe the mapping of certain physical channels to resource elements. Each resource block comprises a collection of resource elements.  There are several different physical downlink channels that are conveyed using such resource blocks.
The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) may carry user data and higher layer signaling to the UEs 106. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) may carry information about the transport format and resource allocations related to the PDSCH channel, among other things. It may also inform the UEs 106 about the transport format, resource allocation, and HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) information related to the uplink shared channel. Typically, downlink scheduling (assigning control and shared channel resource blocks to the UE 102 within a cell) may be performed at any of the base stations 102 based on channel quality information fed back from any of the UEs 106. The downlink resource assignment information may be sent on the PDCCH used for (e.g., assigned to) each of the UEs.
The PDCCH may use control channel elements (CCEs) to convey the control information. Before being mapped to resource elements, the PDCCH complex-valued symbols may first be organized into quadruplets, which may then be permuted using a sub-block interleaver for rate matching. Each PDCCH may be transmitted using one or more of these CCEs, where each CCE may correspond to nine sets of four physical resource elements known as resource element groups (REGs) . Four Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) symbols may be mapped to each REG. The PDCCH may be transmitted using one or more CCEs, depending on the size of the Downlink Control Information (DCI) and the channel condition. There may be four or more different PDCCH formats defined in LTE with different numbers of CCEs (e.g., aggregation level, L=1, 2, 4, or 8) .
Example Communication Device
Figure 2 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of a communication device 106, according to some aspects. It is noted that the block diagram of the communication device of Figure 2 is only one example of a possible communication device. According to aspects, communication device 106 may be a UE device or terminal, a mobile device or mobile station, a  wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device) , a tablet, and/or a combination of devices, among other devices. As shown, the communication device 106 may include a set of components 200 configured to perform core functions. For example, this set of components may be implemented as a system on chip (SOC) , which may include portions for various purposes. Alternatively, this set of components 200 may be implemented as separate components or groups of components for the various purposes. The set of components 200 may be coupled (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to various other circuits of the communication device 106.
For example, the communication device 106 may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash 210) , an input/output interface such as connector I/F 220 (e.g., for connecting to a computer system; dock; charging station; input devices, such as a microphone, camera, keyboard; output devices, such as speakers; and the like) , the display 260, which may be integrated with or external to the communication device 106, and wireless communication circuitry 230 (e.g., for LTE, LTE-A, NR, UMTS, GSM, CDMA2000, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC, GPS, and the like) . In some aspects, communication device 106 may include wired communication circuitry (not shown) , such as a network interface card (e.g., for Ethernet connection) .
The wireless communication circuitry 230 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antenna (s) 235 as shown. The wireless communication circuitry 230 may include cellular communication circuitry and/or short to medium range wireless communication circuitry, and may include multiple receive chains and/or multiple transmit chains for receiving and/or transmitting multiple spatial streams, such as in a MIMO configuration.
In some aspects, as further described below, cellular communication circuitry 230 may include one or more receive chains (including and/or coupled to (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) dedicated processors and/or radios) for multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR) . In addition, in some  aspects, cellular communication circuitry 230 may include a single transmit chain that may be switched between radios dedicated to specific RATs. For example, a first radio may be dedicated to a first RAT (e.g., LTE) and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and a transmit chain shared with a second radio. The second radio may be dedicated to a second RAT (e.g., 5G NR) and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and the shared transmit chain. In some aspects, the second RAT may operate at mmWave frequencies. As mmWave systems operate in higher frequencies than typically found in LTE systems, signals in the mmWave frequency range are heavily attenuated by environmental factors. To help address this attenuating, mmWave systems often utilize beamforming and include more antennas as compared LTE systems. These antennas may be organized into antenna arrays or panels made up of individual antenna elements. These antenna arrays may be coupled to the radio chains.
The communication device 106 may also include and/or be configured for use with one or more user interface elements.
The communication device 106 may further include one or more smart cards 245 that include Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) functionality, such as one or more Universal Integrated Circuit Card (s) (UICC (s) ) cards 245.
As shown, the SOC 200 may include processor (s) 202, which may execute program instructions for the communication device 106 and display circuitry 204, which may perform graphics processing and provide display signals to the display 260. The processor (s) 202 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 240, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor (s) 202 and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 206, read only memory (ROM) 250, NAND flash memory 210) and/or to other circuits or devices, such as the display circuitry 204, wireless communication circuitry 230, connector I/F 220, and/or display 260. The MMU 240 may be configured to perform memory protection and page table translation or set up. In some aspects, the MMU 240 may be included as a portion of the processor (s) 202.
As noted above, the communication device 106 may be configured to communicate using wireless and/or wired communication circuitry. As described herein, the communication device 106 may include hardware and software components for implementing any of the various features and techniques described herein. The processor 202 of the communication device 106 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein (e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium) . Alternatively (or in addition) , processor 202 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) , or as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) . Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 202 of the communication device 106, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 200, 204, 206, 210, 220, 230, 240, 245, 250, 260 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.
In addition, as described herein, processor 202 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processor 202 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor 202. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, and the like) configured to perform the functions of processor (s) 202.
Further, as described herein, wireless communication circuitry 230 may include one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in wireless communication circuitry 230. Thus, wireless communication circuitry 230 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of wireless communication circuitry 230. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, and the like) configured to perform the functions of wireless communication circuitry 230.
Example Base Station
Figure 3 illustrates an example block diagram of a base station 102, according to some aspects. It is noted that the base station of Figure 3 is a non-limiting example of a possible base  station. As shown, the base station 102 may include processor (s) 304 which may execute program instructions for the base station 102. The processor (s) 304 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 340, which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor (s) 304 and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 360 and read only memory (ROM) 350) or to other circuits or devices.
The base station 102 may include at least one network port 370. The network port 370 may be configured to couple to a telephone network and provide a plurality of devices, such as UE devices 106, access to the telephone network as described above in Figure 1.
The network port 370 (or an additional network port) may also or alternatively be configured to couple to a cellular network, e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider. The core network may provide mobility related services and/or other services to a plurality of devices, such as UE devices 106. In some cases, the network port 370 may couple to a telephone network via the core network, and/or the core network may provide a telephone network (e.g., among other UE devices serviced by the cellular service provider) .
In some aspects, base station 102 may be a next generation base station, (e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB” ) . In such aspects, base station 102 may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and/or to a NR core (NRC) /5G core (5GC) network. In addition, base station 102 may be considered a 5G NR cell and may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs) . In addition, a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.
The base station 102 may include at least one antenna 334, and possibly multiple antennas. The at least one antenna 334 may be configured to operate as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UE devices 106 via radio 330. The antenna 334 communicates with the radio 330 via communication chain 332. Communication chain 332 may be a receive chain, a transmit chain or both. The radio 330 may be configured to communicate via various wireless communication standards, including 5G NR, LTE, LTE-A, GSM, UMTS,  CDMA2000, Wi-Fi, and the like.
The base station 102 may be configured to communicate wirelessly using multiple wireless communication standards. In some instances, the base station 102 may include multiple radios, which may enable the base station 102 to communicate according to multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, as one possibility, the base station 102 may include an LTE radio for performing communication according to LTE as well as a 5G NR radio for performing communication according to 5G NR. In such a case, the base station 102 may be capable of operating as both an LTE base station and a 5G NR base station. When the base station 102 supports mmWave, the 5G NR radio may be coupled to one or more mmWave antenna arrays or panels. As another possibility, the base station 102 may include a multi-mode radio, which is capable of performing communications according to any of multiple wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G NR and LTE, 5G NR and Wi-Fi, LTE and Wi-Fi, LTE and UMTS, LTE and CDMA2000, UMTS and GSM, and the like) .
Further, the BS 102 may include hardware and software components for implementing or supporting implementation of features described herein. The processor 304 of the base station 102 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the methods described herein (e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium) . Alternatively, the processor 304 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) , or as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) , or a combination thereof. Alternatively (or in addition) the processor 304 of the BS 102, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 330, 332, 334, 340, 350, 360, 370 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the features described herein.
In addition, as described herein, processor (s) 304 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processor (s) 304 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor (s) 304. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, and the like) configured to perform the  functions of processor (s) 304.
Further, as described herein, radio 330 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, radio 330 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of radio 330. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, and the like) configured to perform the functions of radio 330.
Example Cellular Communication Circuitry
Figure 4 illustrates an example simplified block diagram of cellular communication circuitry, according to some aspects. It is noted that the block diagram of the cellular communication circuitry of Figure 4 is only one example of a possible cellular communication circuit; other circuits, such as circuits including or coupled to sufficient antennas for different RATs to perform uplink activities using separate antennas, or circuits including or coupled to fewer antennas (e.g., that may be shared among multiple RATs) are also possible. According to some aspects, cellular communication circuitry 230 may be included in a communication device, such as communication device 106 described above. As noted above, communication device 106 may be a UE device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device) , a tablet and/or a combination of devices, among other devices.
The cellular communication circuitry 230 may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 235a, 235b, and 236 as shown. In some aspects, cellular communication circuitry 230 may include dedicated receive chains (including and/or coupled to (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) dedicated processors and/or radios) for multiple RATs (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR) . For example, as shown in Figure 4, cellular communication circuitry 230 may include a first modem 410 and a second modem 420. The first modem 410 may be configured for communications according to a first RAT, e.g., such as LTE or LTE-A, and the second modem 420 may be configured for communications according to a second RAT, e.g., such as 5G NR.
As shown, the first modem 410 may include one or more processors 412 and a memory 416 in communication with processors 412. Modem 410 may be in communication with a radio frequency (RF) front end 430. RF front end 430 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end 430 may include receive circuitry (RX) 432 and transmit circuitry (TX) 434. In some aspects, receive circuitry 432 may be in communication with downlink (DL) front end 450, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 235a.
Similarly, the second modem 420 may include one or more processors 422 and a memory 426 in communication with processors 422. Modem 420 may be in communication with an RF front end 440. RF front end 440 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end 440 may include receive circuitry 442 and transmit circuitry 444. In some aspects, receive circuitry 442 may be in communication with DL front end 460, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 235b.
In some aspects, a switch 470 may couple transmit circuitry 434 to uplink (UL) front end 472. In addition, switch 470 may couple transmit circuitry 444 to UL front end 472. UL front end 472 may include circuitry for transmitting radio signals via antenna 236. Thus, when cellular communication circuitry 230 receives instructions to transmit according to the first RAT (e.g., as supported via the first modem 410) , switch 470 may be switched to a first state that allows the first modem 410 to transmit signals according to the first RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry 434 and UL front end 472) . Similarly, when cellular communication circuitry 230 receives instructions to transmit according to the second RAT (e.g., as supported via the second modem 420) , switch 470 may be switched to a second state that allows the second modem 420 to transmit signals according to the second RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry 444 and UL front end 472) .
As described herein, the first modem 410 and/or the second modem 420 may include hardware and software components for implementing any of the various features and techniques  described herein. The processors 412, 422 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium) . Alternatively (or in addition) , processors 412, 422 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) , or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) . Alternatively (or in addition) the processors 412, 422, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 430, 432, 434, 440, 442, 444, 450, 470, 472, 235 and 236 may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein.
In addition, as described herein, processors 412, 422 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processors 412, 422 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processors 412, 422. In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, and the like) configured to perform the functions of processors 412, 422.
In some aspects, the cellular communication circuitry 230 may include only one transmit/receive chain. For example, the cellular communication circuitry 230 may not include the modem 420, the RF front end 440, the DL front end 460, and/or the antenna 235b. As another example, the cellular communication circuitry 230 may not include the modem 410, the RF front end 430, the DL front end 450, and/or the antenna 235a. In some aspects, the cellular communication circuitry 230 may also not include the switch 470, and the RF front end 430 or the RF front end 440 may be in communication, e.g., directly, with the UL front end 472.
Problems Related to Mismatch between Cell DTX/DRX Cycle Active Times and Valid ROs within a PRACH Association Period
According to some aspects, adaptation of cell DTX and/or DRX modes to include the alignment of cell DTX/DRX cycle active times with UE DRX may be beneficial for network energy savings. Various mechanisms may be provided for informing a UE whether a cell that it is in communication with is staying inactive. Such mechanisms may include enhancements to  legacy UE DRX configuration, e.g., to align and/or omit DRX cycles (or apply offsets to DRX) for UEs in Connected mode or in Idle/Inactive modes, thereby potentially allowing for longer opportunities for cell inactivity. During a cell DTX/DRX cycle, the cell may have no transmission/reception capability, or it may only keep limited transmission/reception capability. For example, the cell may not need to transmit or receive some periodic signals/channels, such as common channels/signals or UE-specific signals/channels.
For such legacy UEs, the UEs may be configured with a DRX cycle, and then the network can stop transmission in UE DRX off (or “inactive” ) duration time to, in order to save transmission energy. In a purely network-side implementation, however, the base station may still need to transmit or receive some periodic signals/channels, such as the PRACH or scheduling request (SRs) .
Thus, it would be beneficial for a cell DRX pattern to be defined, such that a gNB could also stop listening to the PRACH (or other periodic signals/channels) during particular intervals. For example, according to embodiments disclosed herein, a cell DRX pattern may be configured, wherein UEs may only transmit during the cell DRX on duration (i.e., “active time) . However, certain challenges may need to be overcome in achieving these goals. For example, a UE may not be able to determine a valid RO associated to the desired Synchronization Signal/Physical Broadcast Channel (i.e., “SS/PBCH” ) block in the cell DRX active time, e.g., due to the “mismatch” of active windows and valid ROs within a PRACH association pattern period. Additionally, the ROs associated to different SS/PBCH blocks may have different densities within a given PRACH association period, which may be due to mismatch between the PRACH association pattern period and the cell’s DRX cycle. (According to some aspects, the SS/PBCH block index numbers may be associated with different gNB beams. )
Turning now to Figure 5, various diagrams 500/550 detailing examples of various issues caused by mismatch between cell DRX cycle active times and valid ROs within a PRACH association period are illustrated, according to some aspects.
Turning first to diagram 500, a PRACH association period 510 is shown, including a determined set of valid ROs 505, shown as the rectangles with indices: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, repeating. Each valid RO 505 in diagram 500 is also shown as being associated to a particular SS/PBCH block index number 515, as shown by the repeating pattern of block index numbers: 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, repeating.
Also shown in diagram 500 is an exemplary cell DRX pattern 520, which is comprised of one or more repeating cell DRX cycles 525. Each cell DRX cycle may comprise an active time or “on duration” period 526 (during which the cell is able to receive transmissions from UEs) and an inactive time or “off duration” period 530, wherein the cell is able to conserve network energy by not receiving any UE transmissions. The longer the off duration 530 with respect to the cell DRX cycle 525, the more energy savings that may be realized by the network. For example, according to some implementations, an off duration may be at least 10ms to 100ms long, wherein the dynamism of the length of the off duration over time may be based on how dynamically the cell’s traffic level is changing over that time period of operation.
As may now be appreciated, due to the temporal “mismatch” between the active time windows 526 and certain valid ROs 505 within PRACH association period 510, the UE can never use the RO (s) associated to SS/PBCH block index #2 (516) when this particular cell DRX pattern 520 is configured. In other words, the valid ROs for SS/PBCH block index #2 will always correspond to an inactive, i.e., off duration period (530) , for the cell. By contrast, valid ROs for each of SS/PBCH block indices #0 and #1 do temporally align or “match” with at least one active time window 526 of the cell DRX pattern 520 shown in diagram 500.
Turning now to diagram 550, another exemplary cell DRX pattern 560 is shown, which is comprised of one or more repeating cell DRX cycles 565. Each cell DRX cycle may comprise an active time or “on duration” period 566 (during which the cell is able to receive transmissions from UEs) and an inactive time or “off duration” period 570, wherein the cell is able to conserve network energy by not receiving any UE transmissions. In the example of diagram 550, due to the  temporal “mismatch” between the active time windows 566 and certain valid ROs 505 within PRACH association period 510, the “density” of valid ROs associated with SS/PBCH block index #1 (551) will always be higher than those associated with SS/PBCH block indices #0 and #2. In other words, for every two valid ROs for SS/PBCH block index #1, there will only be a single valid RO for SS/PBCH block indices #0 and #2, which may be suboptimal, e.g., from a network access latency standpoint.
Exemplary Solution for Mismatch between Cell DTX/DRX Cycle Active Times and Valid ROs within a PRACH Association Period
According to some embodiments disclosed herein, a network energy saving (NES) cell DRX mode (e.g., also referred to herein as “cell DRX mode A” ) may be defined, such that, when configured, a UE is not expected to transmit during an off duration or “inactive time” of the cell DRX cycle. In such embodiments, a network may configure a separate valid RO configuration for so-called “NES-capable” UEs when the aforementioned NES cell DRX mode A is configured. Preferably, this new RO configuration would not cause any UE behavior change to legacy UEs and/or non-NES-capable UEs.
According to some aspects, one or more new valid RO determination criterion may be introduced for the NES-capable UEs when the cell DRX mode A has been configured. According to the cell DRX mode A, the valid ROs may be determined according to the existing valid RO criteria in place, and then further refined to exclude any ROs that may occur temporally within a cell DRX off duration (i.e., inactive time) . According to other aspects, SS/PBCH block index number associations may be mapped on to only the valid ROs identified according to the new valid RO criteria, thereby ameliorating any of the “mismatch” issues described above, e.g., with reference to Figure 5. Preferably, the PRACH association period may also be updated according to the determined new set of valid ROs (i.e., those still remaining after applying the cell DRX on duration criterion. )
Turning now to Figures 6A–6B, various diagrams 600/630/660 detailing exemplary  solutions for the problem of mismatches between cell DRX cycle active times and valid ROs within a PRACH association period are illustrated, according to some aspects, according to some aspects.
Turning first to diagram 600 in Figure 6A, a new PRACH association period 610 is shown, including a determined set of valid ROs 605, shown as the rectangles with indices: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, repeating. Each valid RO 605 in diagram 600 that corresponds with a cell DRX on duration, i.e., “active time, ” is also shown as being associated to a particular SS/PBCH block index number 615, as shown by the repeating pattern of block index numbers: 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, repeating. Valid ROs 605 in diagram 600 that do not correspond with a cell DRX on duration, i.e., “active time, ” are shown as not being associated to any particular SS/PBCH block index number 615, and are instead marked with an ‘X’ character.
As explained, e.g., in 3GPP TS 38.213 (ver. 17.1.0) at Section 8.1, an association period, starting from frame 0, for mapping SS/PBCH block indexes to PRACH occasions is the smallest value in the set determined by the PRACH configuration period according Table 8.1-1, such that SS/PBCH block indexes are mapped at least once to the PRACH occasions within the association period, where a UE obtainsfrom the value of ssb-PositionsInBurst in SIB1 or in ServingCellConfigCommon. If, after an integer number of SS/PBCH block indexes to PRACH occasions mapping cycles within the association period there is a set of PRACH occasions or PRACH preambles that are not mapped toSS/PBCH block indexes, no SS/PBCH block indexes are mapped to the set of PRACH occasions or PRACH preambles.
In the example shown in diagram 600 in Figure 6A, the PRACH configuration period 611 (i.e., the time period between RO 0 and RO 7) may be thought of as being 20ms. As such, the minimum value from 3GPP TS 38.213 Table 8.1-1 for mapping the SS/PBCH block indexes 0–2 to valid ROs at least once is two (i.e., since there are only two valid ROs in the PRACH configuration period 611) . Therefore, the PRACH association period 610 in the example shown in diagram 600 is 40 ms (i.e., the duration of two PRACH configuration periods 611) .
In the example shown in diagram 630 in Figure 6A, by contrast, the minimum value from 3GPP TS 38.213 Table 8.1-1 for mapping the SS/PBCH block indexes 0–2 to valid ROs once is 1 (i.e., since there are four valid ROs in the PRACH configuration period 641) . Therefore, the PRACH association period 640 in the example shown in diagram 630 is 20 ms (i.e., the duration of a single PRACH configuration period 641) .
Turning back to diagram 600, an exemplary cell DRX pattern 620 is shown, which is comprised of one or more repeating cell DRX cycles 625. Each cell DRX cycle may comprise an active time or “on duration” period 626 (during which the cell is able to receive transmissions from UEs) and an inactive time or “off duration” periods 630n, wherein the cell is able to conserve network energy by not receiving any UE transmissions. As may now be appreciated, due to the additional valid RO criterion being applied, there are no longer any instances of temporal “mismatch” between the active time windows 626 and the valid ROs 605 within PRACH association period 610 that are associated to SS/PBCH block indices (615) . Similarly, the “density” of each SS/PBCH block index (615) appears equal. In other words, the SS/PBCH block indices associated with valid ROs during cell DRX active times will follow the repeating pattern of #0, #1, #2, #0, #1, #2, etc., such that there is a balanced number of ROs for each SS/PBCH block index.
Turning next to diagram 630 in Figure 6A, another exemplary cell DRX pattern 650 is shown, which is comprised of one or more repeating cell DRX cycles 655. As mentioned above, in the example of diagram 630, the duration of PRACH association period 640 is shown as being equal to the duration of a single PRACH configuration period 641 (e.g., 20 ms) . Each cell DRX cycle 655 may again comprise an active time or “on duration” period 659 (during which the cell is able to receive transmissions from UEs) and an inactive time or “off duration” period 658n, wherein the cell is able to conserve network energy by not receiving any UE transmissions.
In the example of diagram 630, the cell DRX cycle 655 is approximately half the duration of the cell DRX cycle 625 that was illustrated in diagram 600. However, again, because of the additional valid RO criterion being applied, there are no longer any instances of temporal  “mismatch” between the active time windows 659 and the determined set of valid ROs 635 within PRACH association period 640 that are associated to SS/PBCH block indices (645) . Similarly, the “density” of each SS/PBCH block index (645) appears equal. In other words, the SS/PBCH block indices associated with valid ROs during cell DRX active times will follow the repeating pattern of #0, #1, #2, #0, #1, #2, etc., such that there is a balanced number of ROs for each SS/PBCH block index. It is also noted that, according to some configurations, there may be one or more ROs that are “valid” but that are not mapped to a particular SS/PBCH block index number (e.g., 646) .
According to some aspects, the additional valid RO criterion described herein (i.e., taking cell DRX cycle “on durations” into account) may be applied to NES-capable UEs in Idle, Inactive, and/or Connected modes. When the NES cell DRX “mode A” is configured for a particular cell, the network can offload legacy UEs to non-DRX cells, while the NES-capable UEs may remain in the NES cell, thereby being able to achieve a complete shutting down.
According to other aspects, the additional valid RO criterion may only be applied to NES-capable UEs in a Connected mode (while Idle mode and Inactive mode UEs may still perform “conventional” valid RO determination procedures, i.e., not taking the cell DRX cycle on durations into account) . To achieve an even greater network energy savings, the network may reconfigure an RO configuration for the Idle and/or Inactive mode UEs, wherein the ROs outside the cell’s DRX on duration period are minimized to the greatest extent possible. Alternately, the network may simply offload these UEs to a different cell. For non-NES-capable UEs, on the other hand, the network may reconfigure an RO configuration where the ROs outside cell’s DRX on duration period are minimized to the greatest extent possible through use of System Information Blocks (SIBs) or dedicated Radio Resource Contorl (RRC) signaling.
Another UE behavior to consider when developing improved RO determination criteria for cells operating in a DRX and/or DTX mode is the receiving of the Random Access Response (RAR) message (i.e., Msg2) . According to some aspects, an improved UE behavior for receiving  RAR may be determined based on the cell’s DTX pattern and/or the NES cell DTX mode. For example, if an NES cell DTX “mode A” is configured (i.e., a most aggressive energy saving mode) , then the gNB may not transmit at all during the off duration period of the cell DTX cycle. In one example, the window for receiving a RAR window may span only across on durations, i.e., the timer for RAR may simply be paused during any DTX off duration. In other words, the ra-ResponseWindow may be configured to pause outside of the active time of the cell DTX cycle.
In another example, only ROs in “front” positions, i.e., those that would leave enough time for the RAR message to be received within the active period, will be transmitted. In other words, this new valid RO criterion would be needed to ensure that the UE can always find a valid RO in the on duration period, i.e. : only ROs that are within the on duration and that leave enough time for RAR are considered to be valid ROs and used for RACH transmission.
Turning now to diagram 660 in Figure 6B, another exemplary cell DRX pattern 680 is shown, which is comprised of one or more repeating cell DRX cycles 685. Each cell DRX cycle may comprise an active time or “on duration” period 686 (during which the cell is able to receive transmissions from UEs) and an inactive time or “off duration” period 690n, wherein the cell is able to conserve network energy by not receiving any UE transmissions. In the example of diagram 660, because of the additional valid RO criterion being applied, there are still no instances of temporal “mismatch” between the active time windows 686 and the determined set of valid ROs 665 within PRACH association period 670 that are associated to SS/PBCH block indices (675) . Similarly, the “density” of each SS/PBCH block index (675) appears equal. In other words, the SS/PBCH block indices associated with valid ROs during cell DRX active times will follow the repeating pattern of #0, #1, #2, #0, #1, #2, etc., such that there is a balanced number of ROs for each SS/PBCH block index. However, because of the additional criterion regarding leaving enough time for RAR, only ROs in the “front” position are considered valid in the example of diagram 660, e.g., as illustrated by the “X” characters in the ROs 676 and 677, which occur in a “back” position (and, thus, would not leave sufficient time for the RAR message to be delivered) .  Thus, the PRACH association period 670 may again need to be extended (i.e., to the duration of two PRACH configuration periods 671) , since fewer ROs will pass the additional validity criterion. However, with enough time, the valid ROs will follow the desired repeating pattern of #0, #1, #2, #0, #1, #2, etc., such that there is a balanced number of ROs for each SS/PBCH block index. In other words, according to some aspects, determining a valid RO may further comprise determining that a last symbol of the RO is at least a threshold number, N, of symbols before a last symbol of an active time of a given DRX cycle that the RO is located in.
According to still other aspects, a different cell DTX “mode B” may be configured (i.e., a mode that is less aggressive in energy savings) , wherein a legacy mechanism for determining the RAR window may be used. In such a cell DTX mode B, the UE may still monitor for RAR messages during cell DTX off durations, i.e., the cell’s DTX on duration may be extended for the limited purpose of transmitting RAR.
Exemplary Methods
Turning now to Figure 7, a flowchart detailing a method 700 of performing valid RO determination when a cell is operating in a DRX mode, according to some aspects. First, at block 702, a UE practicing the method of 700 may transmit, from a user Equipment (UE) , a first capability indication to a base station, wherein the first capability indication indicates that the UE is network energy savings (NES) -capable and/or that the UE is capable of applying one or more valid Physical Random Access Channel (RACH) Occasion (RO) criteria.
Next, at block 704, the method 700 may receive, at the UE from the base station, a first RO configuration and a first discontinuous reception (DRX) mode configuration, wherein the first DRX mode configuration specifies a DRX cycle used by the base station.
Next, at block 706, the method 700 may determine, by the UE, a first set of valid ROs for transmitting RACH messages to the base station, wherein determining the first set of valid ROs further comprises determining that the base station would be in an active time of the first DRX  mode during the first set of valid ROs.
Next, at block 708, the method 700 may transmit a first RACH message (e.g., a Msg1) from the UE to the base station during a first valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs.
Next, at block 710, the method 700 may optionally determine, by the UE, a second valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs for transmitting a second RACH message to the base station.
Finally, at block 712, the method 700 may optionally transmit the second RACH message from the UE to the base station during the determined second valid RO (e.g., wherein the second valid RO is associated with a second SS/PBCH block index, and wherein the second SS/PBCH block index is different than a first SS/PBCH block index associated with the first valid RO) .
It is to be understood that the discussion of using a first and a second valid RO in method 700 is not intended, in any way, to limit the scope of the present embodiments to a set or particular number of valid ROs within a RACH association period. E. g., as illustrated and described above with reference to Figures 6A and 6B, a plurality of valid ROs, each associated with a distinct SS/PBCH block index (if so desired) may be determined and used to transmit RACH messages during a given RACH association period, ensuring that each determined valid RO will transmit RACH message during an active time of the a first DRX mode that the base station is presently operating in.
As may now be appreciated, benefits of the various embodiments disclosed herein may include providing greater network configuration flexibility to achieve different levels of network energy saving gains. For example, a network may be able to achieve the greatest energy savings when configured in a “cell DRX mode A” and a “cell DTX mode A, ” i.e., wherein the cell completely stops monitoring PRACH preambles during cell DRX off durations and completely stops transmitting RAR in cell DTX off durations. Intelligent network configurations may be  employed to balance between desired energy savings gains and UE network access latency (e.g., if the cell DRX mode A is configured, but the “cell DTX mode B” is configured in a given setup) .
It is further to be understood that analogous techniques to the techniques disclosed herein (i.e., applying additional criteria taking call DRX and/or DTX cycles into account) may also be applied to other common signals and/or channels in NR or beyond, e.g., common CORESET reception, Paging, etc.
Additional Comments
The use of the connective term “and/or” is meant to represent all possible alternatives of the conjunction “and” and the conjunction “or. ” For example, the sentence “configuration of A and/or B” includes the meaning and of sentences “configuration of A and B” and “configuration of A or B. ”
It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
Aspects of the present disclosure may be realized in any of various forms. For example, some aspects may be realized as a computer-implemented method, a computer-readable memory medium, or a computer system. Other aspects may be realized using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. Still other aspects may be realized using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs.
In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium may be configured so that it stores program instructions and/or data, where the program instructions, if executed by a computer system, cause the computer system to perform a method (e.g., any of a  method aspects described herein, or, any combination of the method aspects described herein, or any subset of any of the method aspects described herein, or any combination of such subsets) .
In some aspects, a device (e.g., a UE 106, a BS 102) may be configured to include a processor (or a set of processors) and a memory medium, where the memory medium stores program instructions, where the processor is configured to read and execute the program instructions from the memory medium, where the program instructions are executable to implement any of the various method aspects described herein (or, any combination of the method aspects described herein, or, any subset of any of the method aspects described herein, or, any combination of such subsets) . The device may be realized in any of various forms.
Although the aspects above have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.

Claims (15)

  1. A method of operating a user equipment (UE) , the method comprising:
    transmitting, from the UE, a first capability indication to a base station, wherein the first capability indication indicates that the UE is network energy savings (NES) -capable;
    receiving, at the UE from the base station, a first Physical Random Access Channel (RACH) Occasion (RO) configuration and a first discontinuous reception (DRX) mode configuration, wherein the first DRX mode configuration specifies a DRX cycle used by the base station;
    determining, by the UE, a first set of valid ROs for transmitting RACH messages to the base station, wherein determining the first set of valid ROs further comprises determining that the base station would be in an active time of the first DRX mode during the first set of valid ROs; and
    transmitting a first RACH message from the UE to the base station during a first valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs.
  2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first RACH message comprises a random access preamble (Msg1) message.
  3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first valid RO is associated with a first Synchronization Signal/Physical Broadcast Channel (SS/PBCH) block index.
  4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
    determining, by the UE, a second valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs for transmitting a second RACH message to the base station; and
    transmitting the second RACH message from the UE to the base station during the determined second valid RO.
  5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second valid RO is associated with a second SS/PBCH block index, and wherein the second SS/PBCH block index is different than the first SS/PBCH block index.
  6. The method of claim 1, wherein each SS/PBCH block in a set of SS/PBCH blocks is associated with at least one RO in the first set of valid ROs.
  7. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station is further configured to use a first discontinuous transmission (DTX) mode.
  8. The method of claim 7, wherein the base station is configured to not transmit to the UE outside of an active time of a DTX cycle configured in the first DTX mode.
  9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
    receiving, at the UE and transmitted from the base station in response to the first RACH message, a random access response (RAR) message.
  10. The method of claim 9, wherein a ra-ResponseWindow is configured to pause outside of the active time of the DTX cycle.
  11. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
    determining the first valid RO in the determined first set of valid ROs,
    wherein determining the first valid RO further comprises determining that a last symbol of the first valid RO is at least a threshold number, N, of symbols before a last symbol of an active time of a DRX cycle that the first valid RO is in.
  12. The method of claim 1, wherein the first capability indication further indicates that the UE is capable of applying one or more valid RO criteria in the determination of the first set of valid ROs.
  13. The method of claim 1, wherein the UE is in an RRC_CONNECTED state.
  14. A user equipment (UE) device comprising: a receiver; a transmitter; and a processor configured to perform any action or combination of actions described in any of the methods of claims 1–13.
  15. A non-volatile computer-readable medium that stores instructions that, when executed, cause the performance of any action or combination of actions described in any of the methods of claims 1–13.
PCT/CN2023/075153 2023-02-09 2023-02-09 Methods of valid physical random access channel (rach) occasion (ro) determination in cell discontinuous reception (drx) mode Ceased WO2024164222A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202380093610.8A CN120677823A (en) 2023-02-09 2023-02-09 Method for efficient physical Random Access Channel (RACH) occasion (RO) determination in cell Discontinuous Reception (DRX) mode
PCT/CN2023/075153 WO2024164222A1 (en) 2023-02-09 2023-02-09 Methods of valid physical random access channel (rach) occasion (ro) determination in cell discontinuous reception (drx) mode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2023/075153 WO2024164222A1 (en) 2023-02-09 2023-02-09 Methods of valid physical random access channel (rach) occasion (ro) determination in cell discontinuous reception (drx) mode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024164222A1 true WO2024164222A1 (en) 2024-08-15

Family

ID=92261715

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2023/075153 Ceased WO2024164222A1 (en) 2023-02-09 2023-02-09 Methods of valid physical random access channel (rach) occasion (ro) determination in cell discontinuous reception (drx) mode

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN120677823A (en)
WO (1) WO2024164222A1 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20200281018A1 (en) * 2019-02-28 2020-09-03 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for valid rach occasion determination in nr unlicensed

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20200281018A1 (en) * 2019-02-28 2020-09-03 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for valid rach occasion determination in nr unlicensed

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
LI CHEN, CATT: "Remaining issues on Cell DTX/DRX", 3GPP DRAFT; R2-2211443; TYPE DISCUSSION; FS_NETW_ENERGY_NR, 3RD GENERATION PARTNERSHIP PROJECT (3GPP), MOBILE COMPETENCE CENTRE ; 650, ROUTE DES LUCIOLES ; F-06921 SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS CEDEX ; FRANCE, vol. 3GPP RAN 2, no. Toulouse, FR; 20221114 - 20221118, 4 November 2022 (2022-11-04), Mobile Competence Centre ; 650, route des Lucioles ; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex ; France, XP052215552 *
NAVEEN PALLE, APPLE: "Further discussion on Cell DTX / DRX", 3GPP DRAFT; R2-2211679; TYPE DISCUSSION; FS_NETW_ENERGY_NR, 3RD GENERATION PARTNERSHIP PROJECT (3GPP), MOBILE COMPETENCE CENTRE ; 650, ROUTE DES LUCIOLES ; F-06921 SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS CEDEX ; FRANCE, vol. 3GPP RAN 2, no. Toulouse, FR; 20221114 - 20221118, 4 November 2022 (2022-11-04), Mobile Competence Centre ; 650, route des Lucioles ; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex ; France, XP052215783 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN120677823A (en) 2025-09-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US12035394B2 (en) Multi-subscriber identity module capability signaling framework
US12082158B2 (en) Sidelink wake-up signal for a wireless device
US12471056B2 (en) Sidelink paging for a wireless device
US12284680B2 (en) Methods and apparatus for PRACH resource determination and RA-RNTI computation in wireless communication
US12160857B2 (en) Dynamic measurement gap operation
US12402150B2 (en) Enhanced sidelink sensing and resource allocation
WO2022082590A1 (en) Systems and methods for handling collisions between aperiodic channel state information reference signal (ap-csi-rs) and periodic reference signal (rs) measurements
WO2024164222A1 (en) Methods of valid physical random access channel (rach) occasion (ro) determination in cell discontinuous reception (drx) mode
US20240215091A1 (en) Terminal, System, and Method for Performing Network Switching
WO2024092842A1 (en) Terminal, system, and method for performing a dynamic switching procedure
WO2025111912A1 (en) Methods for beam indication and timing adjustment (ta) management for ssb-less wireless communication
WO2025111929A1 (en) Methods for synchronization signal block (ssb) transmission adaptation in wireless communications
WO2025166734A1 (en) Search space relaxation and ue monitoring of dci format 2_9
WO2024164298A1 (en) Method and apparatus for beam failure recovery and transmission configuration indication (tci) state indication for multiple transmission/reception points (mtrp) in wireless communication
WO2024164299A1 (en) Method and apparatus for enhanced beam reporting and unified tci indication for simultaneous transmission over multiple panels
EP4404616A1 (en) Enhanced emr for service-aware measurements and reports
WO2025091327A1 (en) Physical downlink control channel (pdcch) order-based random access channel (rach) triggering across lower layer triggered mobility (ltm) candidate cells
WO2024092696A1 (en) Terminal, system, and method for performing a channel state information (csi) report activation or deactivation procedure
EP4462716A1 (en) Sidelink physical channel enhancements
WO2025160803A1 (en) Enhancement of early data transmission (edt) and preconfigured uplink resource (pur) in internet of things (iot) non-terrestrial networks (ntn)
WO2024211385A1 (en) Method and apparatus for multiple-downlink control information (mdci) based simultaneous transmission across multiple panels (stxmp) in wireless communication
WO2024211227A1 (en) Sounding reference signal (srs) power control enhancement for multi-panel transmission

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23920430

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202380093610.8

Country of ref document: CN

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 202380093610.8

Country of ref document: CN