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WO2024157917A1 - Procédé de recyclage de matériaux et système de recyclage de matériaux - Google Patents

Procédé de recyclage de matériaux et système de recyclage de matériaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024157917A1
WO2024157917A1 PCT/JP2024/001602 JP2024001602W WO2024157917A1 WO 2024157917 A1 WO2024157917 A1 WO 2024157917A1 JP 2024001602 W JP2024001602 W JP 2024001602W WO 2024157917 A1 WO2024157917 A1 WO 2024157917A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
separating agent
separating
tank
separation
mixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2024/001602
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
孝 立花
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EARTH RECYCLE Co Ltd
Original Assignee
EARTH RECYCLE Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EARTH RECYCLE Co Ltd filed Critical EARTH RECYCLE Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/JP2024/026487 priority Critical patent/WO2025158691A1/fr
Publication of WO2024157917A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024157917A1/fr
Priority to PCT/JP2025/001481 priority patent/WO2025159032A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
    • C08J11/08—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions using selective solvents for polymer components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and device for recycling materials such as mixed films, mixed cotton, and discolored resins.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an invention that not only separates the dissolving liquid from the plastic components, but also separates the plastic components into three types: plastic components that float, plastic components that dissolve, and plastic components that sink in a specific separation solvent.
  • Patent Document 1 separates materials such as PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), and PS (polystyrene) in a mixed state, and does not separate these materials individually.
  • PP polypropylene
  • PE polyethylene
  • PS polystyrene
  • the present invention aims to provide a material recycling method and material recycling device that can individually recycle a larger number of materials.
  • the method for regenerating materials according to the present invention comprises the steps of: a dissolving step of dissolving the waste material by feeding the waste material and a separating agent into a dissolving tank and controlling at least the temperature; and a separation step of separating the material to be recycled from the melt obtained in the melting step according to the melting point of the material.
  • the material recycling device further comprises: A dissolution tank into which the waste and the separating agent are put and in which at least the temperature is controlled to obtain a melt corresponding to the melting point of the material to be recycled; and at least one filtering vessel into which the melt from which solids have been removed is introduced and into which the materials are separated.
  • the material regeneration method further comprises the steps of: a dissolving step of dissolving the waste material by feeding the waste material and a separating agent into a dissolving tank and controlling at least the temperature; and a decolorization step of separating the material to be recycled from the melt obtained in the dissolving step according to the melting point of the material, and decolorizing the material.
  • the material recycling device further comprises: A dissolution tank into which the waste and the separating agent are put and in which at least the temperature is controlled to obtain a melt corresponding to the melting point of the material to be recycled; and at least one filtering vessel into which the melt from which solids have been removed is introduced and where the materials are separated and decolorized.
  • the material regeneration method further comprises the steps of: a first bleaching step of mixing the colored clothing item with a separating agent supplied from a separating agent supplying section in a first bleaching section to bleach the clothing item; a second bleaching step of removing any separating agent adhering to the clothing item bleached in the first bleaching step; a first reuse step of returning the separating agent used in the first decolorization step to the separating agent supply section for reuse; a second reuse step of returning the separating agent removed in the second decolorizing step to the separating agent supply section for reuse; and a third reuse step of separating the separating agent from the separating agent supplying section from the mixed dye and returning the separating agent to the separating agent supplying section for reuse.
  • the material recycling device further comprises: A separating agent supply unit; a first bleaching section for performing a first bleaching step by mixing a colored clothing item with the separating agent supplied from the separating agent supply section; a second bleaching unit that removes the separating agent from the clothing item bleached in the first bleaching unit and performs a second bleaching step; a first recycling section that returns the separating agent used in the first decolorization step to the separating agent supply section; a second recycling section that returns the separating agent removed in the second decolorizing step to the separating agent supply section; and a third recycling section that separates the separating agent from the separating agent supply section from the mixed dye and returns the separating agent to the separating agent supply tank.
  • the present invention provides a material recycling method and material recycling device that can individually recycle a larger number of materials.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a material recycling device according to an embodiment of the present invention, taking the separation of aluminum pouches as an example.
  • 1 is a flow chart illustrating a first regeneration mode (separation accompanied by precipitation of a material) in a material regeneration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4 is a flow chart illustrating a second regeneration mode (separation without precipitation of material) in a material regeneration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4 is a flow chart showing a third regeneration mode (decolorization of material) of the material regeneration method according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a clothing decolorizing device for material regeneration.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a clothing bleaching method performed by the clothing bleaching device.
  • Figure 1 shows a material regeneration device 10 according to this embodiment.
  • the material regeneration device 10 is configured by combining multiple devices.
  • the material regeneration device 10 can also be understood as a material regeneration system.
  • the material recycling device 10 is capable of separating materials (material separation).
  • the material recycling device 10 can be understood as a material separation device that performs a specific material separation method.
  • the material recycling device 10 can also decolorize discolored resins and the like using a process similar to that used for material separation.
  • the material recycling device 10 can be considered as a decolorization device that performs a decolorization method that includes steps similar to those of the material separation method described above.
  • the material recycling device 10 includes a dissolution tank 12, a first filtration tank 14, a second filtration tank 16, a third filtration tank 18, a first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20, and a second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22.
  • the material recycling device 10 also includes a first separating agent receiving tank 24 and a second separating agent receiving tank 26.
  • the dissolution tank 12 is equipped with a heater 28, an agitator 30, a cage 31, etc.
  • the heater 28 has the ability to use a burner or the like to raise the temperature of the separating agent introduced into the dissolution tank 12 and the materials separated by the separating agent to the melting point (e.g., about 280°C) of the materials (target materials) for various regeneration purposes (separation or decolorization purposes).
  • the agitator 30, transmits the rotational force of a motor acting as a drive source to the agitator blades to rotate the agitator blades and agitate the molten liquid in the dissolving tank 12.
  • the "molten liquid” referred to here includes liquid containing unmelted resin, molten resin, or dissolved resin, as compared to a separating agent.
  • the basket 31 has many meshes and functions as a filter to keep solids (solid matter) in the molten liquid within the dissolving tank 12.
  • waste raw waste material
  • a liquid-phase separating agent which will be described later, are fed into the dissolution tank 12.
  • reference numeral 32 denotes a flexible container bag that contains waste. The waste is released from the flexible container bag 32 and fed into the dissolution tank 12.
  • the waste materials include, for example, mixed films (multi-layer films), mixed cotton, and mixed resins.
  • mixed films include those in which multiple resin layers are integrated, those in which a resin layer and a metal layer are stacked and integrated, and those in which a resin layer and a fiber layer are stacked and integrated.
  • Other examples of mixed films include aluminum pouches used for storing food, and tents used as camping equipment.
  • Mixed films generally include materials such as PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), nylon, and PET (polyethylene terephthalate).
  • Blended cotton includes cotton formed by blending PE fibers with pulp.
  • Mixed resins include PE, PP, and PS (polystyrene) mixed resins.
  • Waste can also include mixtures of metal and resin (resin-metal mixtures), such as wire harnesses and Plametal (product name).
  • Plametal (product name) is a type of composite material made of lightweight aluminum sheets and resin (polyolefin resins such as PE and PP), and has a laminated structure. In this respect, Plametal (product name) can also be included in mixed films. The specific gravity of Plametal (product name) is around 1.1. Plametal (product name) can be used for a variety of purposes.
  • Waste may also include, for example, artificial marble.
  • Artificial marble is made primarily from acrylic resin or polyester resin. Some artificial marble also contains MMA (methyl methacrylate) and aluminum hydroxide.
  • Waste may also include engineering plastics, discolored resins, colored mixed cotton, and the like.
  • Engineering plastics may include LCP (liquid crystal polymer), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), PC (polycarbonate), and the like.
  • Engineering plastics are usually difficult to melt or dissolve, but in this embodiment, engineering plastics can be recycled.
  • Discolored resins may include discolored PC.
  • Colored mixed cotton may include clothing, and the like. In discolored resins and colored mixed cotton, the dye and material are separated, and the material is decolorized. In this embodiment, in the case of discolored resins, materials that are opaque or cloudy regain their transparency through decolorization.
  • the separating agent that is put into the dissolution tank 12 together with these wastes is selected according to conditions such as the characteristics of the material used in the waste to be dissolved and the type of material (target material) to be recycled. For example, for mixed films, a ketone-based separating solvent or a glycol-based separating solvent is selected as the separating agent.
  • a ketone-based or glycol-based separating solvent is selected as the separating agent.
  • xylene a xylene mixture, which is an aromatic hydrocarbon-based separating solvent
  • CHN cyclohexanone
  • a glycol-based separation solvent is selected as the separation agent.
  • a ketone-based separation solvent is selected for discolored PC.
  • a ketone-based separation solvent is selected for clothing.
  • Waste may be melted one type at a time, such as mixed film, mixed cotton, mixed resin, resin-metal mixture, artificial marble, discolored PC, and clothing, or multiple types of waste may be melted together. When multiple types of waste are melted together, it is possible to use a mixture of corresponding separating agents.
  • aluminum pouches are a representative mixed film.
  • the materials used for aluminum pouches are generally aluminum, PE, PP, nylon, PET, etc.
  • the raw material aluminum pouches are put into a dissolution tank 12 (step (S) 11 in FIG. 2).
  • the separating agent (S11 in FIG. 2) put into the dissolution tank 12 when separating the aluminum pouches is, as mentioned above, a ketone-based or glycol-based separating solvent.
  • a ketone-based separation solvent is used. Separation of the aluminum pouches in the dissolution tank 12 occurs in a temperature range of room temperature (e.g., 25°C; same below) to about 155°C. The stirring time at this time is, for example, about 50 to 80 minutes, and the pressure is normal pressure (atmospheric pressure). CHN, etc. is used as a ketone-based separation solvent.
  • a glycol-based separation solvent is used. Separation of the remaining aluminum pouches in the dissolution tank 12 occurs at a temperature range of about 155 to 280°C.
  • the stirring time at this time is, for example, about 30 to 40 minutes, and the pressure is normal pressure (atmospheric pressure).
  • TEG triethylene glycol
  • TEG triethylene glycol
  • Ketone-based and glycol-based separating solvents are generally not mixed together, but are used separately. This is because there is a difference in boiling points.
  • EG ethylene glycol
  • CHN ethylene glycol
  • the separating agent can be a new, unused (fresh) one, or a recycled one. The recycling of separating agents will be discussed later.
  • the aluminum pouches which are waste products, are separated in a separating agent and stirred by an agitator 30 while being heated by a heater 28 (S12 in FIG. 2).
  • the contents dissolve in the dissolution tank 12.
  • Heating in the dissolution tank 12 is performed while controlling the melting conditions of temperature and time.
  • the temperature and time are controlled according to the physical properties of the target material (melting point, etc.).
  • the temperature and time can be controlled manually or automatically using computer equipment as described below.
  • the solids (solid matter) that remain undissolved are discharged to the outside from the solid discharge outlet 29 provided in the dissolution tank 12, as shown by arrow A.
  • the discharged solids include aluminum, etc.
  • the discharged solids include metals such as copper.
  • the discharged solids include fibers.
  • solids are collected in a basket 31 installed inside the dissolution tank 12.
  • the molten liquid leaks out from holes in the basket 31.
  • the collected solids are discharged from a solid outlet 29 provided on the side of the dissolution tank 12 as indicated by arrow A, and transferred to a centrifuge 33.
  • the solids are deliquified and washed.
  • the solids washed in the centrifuge 33 are then transferred to the dryer 35, where they are dried.
  • the transfer of solids (solid matter) from the dissolution tank 12 to the centrifuge 33 and from the centrifuge 33 to the dryer 35 can be done manually, but can also be done automatically using a handling device (not shown) controlled by computer equipment.
  • the modes of regeneration include a separation mode that includes precipitation of the target material (hereinafter referred to as the "first regeneration mode”), a separation mode that does not include precipitation of the target material (hereinafter referred to as the "second regeneration mode”), and a decolorization mode that combines the use of precipitation of the target material with and without precipitation of the target material (hereinafter referred to as the "third regeneration mode").
  • the first to third recycling modes are used according to the type of waste and the recycling mode.
  • the first recycling mode is outlined in FIG. 2, and the second recycling mode is outlined in FIG. 3.
  • the third recycling mode is outlined in FIG. 4.
  • the temperature of the melt is lowered by a predetermined amount (e.g., about 30 to 50°C).
  • the lowering of the melt temperature causes the target material that was melted in the melt to precipitate.
  • the target material is PE
  • the temperature of the melt is lowered by a predetermined amount (S13 in FIG. 2), and a process of precipitating the target material is carried out (S14 in FIG. 2).
  • the first filtration tank 14, second filtration tank 16, and third filtration tank 18 are connected to the dissolution tank 12 via piping components such as a valve device 34.
  • the connection relationship of each of the filtration tanks 14, 16, and 18 is parallel to each other.
  • An inlet side valve device 36, 38, and 40 is installed in front of the inlet of each of the filtration tanks 14, 16, and 18.
  • the first regeneration mode which is a separation mode that involves precipitation of the material.
  • a temperature-lowering step (S13) after a temperature-lowering step (S13), a step of precipitating the target material is performed (S14), and the molten liquid containing the precipitate is introduced into the corresponding filtration tanks 14, 16, and 18.
  • the temperature lowering step (S13 in FIG. 2) is omitted, and the melt is transferred (transferred at a constant temperature, S23 in FIG. 3) and introduced into the corresponding filtration tanks 14, 16, 18 (S23, S24 in FIG. 3). Thereafter, a step of evaporating and recovering the separating agent is carried out (S25).
  • separating aluminum pouches for example, nylon, PET, and aluminum, are regenerated using this second regeneration mode.
  • the third regeneration mode (Fig. 4) is used when decolorizing the target material.
  • the third regeneration mode may or may not include precipitation of the target material.
  • the temperature-lowering step (S13 in Fig. 2) is omitted, as in the second regeneration mode (Fig. 3), and the melt is transferred at a constant temperature (S33 in Fig. 4).
  • S34 "precipitation occurs," and the process of evaporating the separating agent and separating the melt is performed (S35), and a decolorizing agent (methanol, CHN, TEG) is added to each (S36).
  • a temperature-lowering step (S13 in FIG. 2) is carried out (S33 in FIG. 4) in the same manner as in the first regeneration mode (FIG. 2).
  • S33 in FIG. 4 indicates that either a constant-temperature transfer step of the melt or a temperature-lowering step of the melt is carried out. Thereafter, in S34, it becomes "no precipitation" and the subsequent steps are carried out.
  • the filtration tanks 14, 16, and 18 are used according to the target material.
  • separation is performed in the first regeneration mode, and the first filtration tank 14 is used to recover PE or PP.
  • the second filtration tank 16 and the third filtration tank 18 are used to recover nylon or PET.
  • nylon reaches its melting point (approximately 230°C) and melts, and then undergoes a cooling process (S13 in Figure 2) to precipitate, for example, the inlet valve device 38 of the second filtration tank 16 is opened and nylon is introduced into the second filtration tank 16.
  • the inlet valve device 40 of the third filtration tank 18 is opened and the PET is introduced into the third filtration tank 18.
  • each filtration tank 14, 16, 18 is not limited to this embodiment and can be determined in various ways.
  • Each filtration tank 14, 16, 18 is equipped with a filter (shown by a dashed line) that extracts precipitates from the introduced melt (S15 in FIG. 2).
  • the extracted precipitates are taken out of each filtration tank 14, 16, 18 as shown by arrows B1 to B3, and introduced into the first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20 or the second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22.
  • the first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20 is connected to the first filtration tank 14, and the second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22 is connected to the second filtration tank 16 and the third filtration tank 18.
  • the first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20 is used for the polymerization of PE or PP
  • the second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22 is used for the polymerization of nylon or PET.
  • the first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20 and the second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22 are equipped with agitators 42, 44. Although the reference numerals are omitted, the agitators 42, 44 transmit the rotational force of a motor acting as a drive source to the agitator blades to rotate the agitator blades.
  • the lower outlets of the first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20 and the second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22 are connected to target material powder receiving tanks 52, 54 via valve devices 48, 50. Powder (pellets) of the target material polymerized in the first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20 and the second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22 is introduced into the target material powder receiving tanks 52, 54. Then, the target material is taken out of the target material powder receiving tanks 52, 54 as required.
  • the target material in the target material powder receiving tanks 52, 54 is a resin powder obtained by vaporizing the separating agent liquid using the first vacuum system 53 and the second vacuum system 55.
  • the first vacuum system 53 and the second vacuum system 55 are connected to the upper outlets of the first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20 and the second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22.
  • Each vacuum system 53, 55 is composed of a vacuum container, a vacuum pump, etc., although detailed illustrations are omitted.
  • Each vacuum system 53, 55 sucks up the components of the separating agent liquid mixed with the precipitate (in the case of the first regeneration mode) introduced into the corresponding solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20, 22, and evaporates them by vacuum distillation (S18 in FIG. 2).
  • each vacuum system 53, 55 discharges the obtained components (components of the separating agent) toward the first separating agent receiving tank 24 or the second separating agent receiving tank 26 by the action of pumps 56, 58.
  • the first vacuum system 53 is connected to the first separating agent receiving tank 24, and the second vacuum system 55 is connected to the second separating agent receiving tank 26.
  • CHN is discharged from the first vacuum system 53 to the first separating agent receiving tank 24, and TEG is discharged from the second vacuum system 55 to the second separating agent receiving tank 26.
  • Heaters 60, 62 are installed on the piping between the first vacuum system 53 and the first separating agent receiving tank 24, and on the piping between the second vacuum system 55 and the second separating agent receiving tank 26.
  • the CHN and TEG pumped out by the pumps 56, 58 are heated by the heaters 60, 62 and introduced into the first separating agent receiving tank 24 and the second separating agent receiving tank 26.
  • each of the aforementioned filtration tanks 14, 16, 18 are connected to the first separating agent receiving tank 24 and the second separating agent receiving tank 26 via outlet side valve devices 64, 66, 68.
  • the first filtration tank 14 merges into the piping between the first vacuum system 53 and the first separating agent receiving tank 24, and the second filtration tank 16 and the third filtration tank 18 merge into the piping between the second vacuum system 55 and the second separating agent receiving tank 26.
  • the components (filtrate) filtered in the first filtration tank 14 are pumped out by a pump 70, heated by a heater 60 along the way, and introduced into the first separating agent receiving tank 24.
  • the components filtered in the second filtration tank 16 and the third filtration tank 18 are pumped out by a pump 72, heated by a heater 62 along the way, and introduced into the second separating agent receiving tank 26.
  • CHN is supplied to the dissolution tank 12 from the first separating agent receiving tank 24, and TEG is supplied to the dissolution tank 12 from the second separating agent receiving tank 26.
  • the CHN from the first separating agent receiving tank 24 and the TEG from the second separating agent receiving tank 26 are reused as separating agents to dissolve the waste.
  • the solidified precipitate is polymerized (S16 in FIG. 2).
  • the target material obtained by polymerization is taken out from the first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20 or the second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22 (S17 in FIG. 2).
  • PE or PP is extracted from the first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20
  • nylon or PET is extracted from the second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22.
  • the target material extracted from the first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20 or the second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22 is broken down into pellets (solid powder).
  • the waste and the separating agent are put into the dissolving tank 12 by the material recycling device 10, and the waste is dissolved under temperature control etc. (dissolving process, S11, S12 in FIG. 2).
  • the material to be separated (PE or PP, nylon or PET in the example of FIG. 1) is precipitated from the molten liquid obtained in the dissolving process, and the target material is separated by type (part of the separation process, S13, S14 in FIG. 2).
  • the materials are regenerated sequentially for each target material according to the difference in melting point of the target material.
  • filter tanks 14, 16, 18 are used, which are provided for each type of target material.
  • a plurality of filter tanks 14, 16, 18 are provided, and different types of target materials are stored in different filter tanks 14, 16, 18 (part of the separation process, Fig. 15 in Fig. 2).
  • the separated target materials are polymerized (polymerization process, S16 in Fig. 2) and removed (removal process, S17 in Fig. 2).
  • the separating agent in the melt is separated in each filter tank 14, 16, 18 and collected in separating agent receiving tanks 24, 26 (recovery process, S18 in Fig. 2).
  • the "waste” in S11 of Figure 2 is an aluminum pouch (containing, for example, PE, nylon, PET, and aluminum), and the "separating agent" is CHN.
  • the "precipitation of target material” in S14 of Figure 2 corresponds to the precipitation of PE.
  • the "filtration of melt” in S15 of Figure 2 corresponds to the filtration of melt containing CHN.
  • the "polymerization of target material” in S16 of Figure 2 corresponds to the polymerization of PE.
  • the "waste” in S11 of Figure 3 corresponds to the residue (residue) accumulated in the basket 31 of the dissolution tank 12 ( Figure 1), specifically nylon, PET, and aluminum.
  • the "separating agent” in this case corresponds to TEG.
  • the crushed aluminum pouches are all placed in the basket 31 (Fig. 1) (S11 in Fig. 2) and immersed in CHN in a stirred state while controlling the temperature and time (S12 in Fig. 2).
  • the PE and PP then dissolve, and the PE, PP, and CHN flow out from the holes in the basket 31.
  • the PE and PP precipitate S14 in Fig. 2) and are filtered (S15 in Fig. 2).
  • the filtrate is reheated and transferred to the dissolution tank 12.
  • the PE and PP containing CHN are powdered under vacuum in the first solid-phase polymerization evaporator 20 (S16 in Figure 2).
  • Nylon, PET, and aluminum remain in the basket 31 of the dissolution tank 12.
  • the separating agent is replaced with TEG (S11 in FIG. 3), and the liquid temperature is maintained at approximately 160-180°C for 30 minutes (S12 in FIG. 3).
  • the nylon dissolves and flows out from the holes in the basket 31 (S23 in FIG. 3).
  • the TEG is evaporated and recovered (S25 in FIG. 3). At this time, filter paper with finer mesh than the holes in the basket 31 is placed in the container.
  • TEG is used as a separating agent (S11 in FIG. 3), and the liquid temperature is kept at 200-280°C for approximately 15 minutes (S12 in FIG. 3).
  • the PET melts and flows out from the holes in the basket 31 (S23 in FIG. 3).
  • the TEG is evaporated and recovered (S25 in FIG. 3). At this time, filter paper with finer mesh than the holes in the basket 31 is also placed.
  • the aluminum remains in the basket and is discharged from the dissolving tank 12 to the outside of the system (S17).
  • CHN is selected as the separating agent for PE and PP
  • TEG is selected for nylon and PET.
  • CHN turns PE and PP into foamed resin, which makes it very effective for separation by filtration, and it is also possible to decolorize PE and PP to white.
  • Diapers also known as paper diapers
  • the main material to be separated is often polyolefin (PE, PP).
  • PE polyolefin
  • CHN and TEG are used as separating agents for both aluminum pouches and diapers, and the order of use is CHN, then TEG, as explained above.
  • PE and PP have high profitability.
  • the profitability of PE and PP is about 85 wt%, and in the case of diapers, the profitability of PE and PP is about 90 wt%.
  • the remaining materials are nylon, PET, and aluminum, which are processed at a time difference from PE and PP using the second solid-phase polymerization evaporator 22.
  • PET and PE are generally used, but by using different temperatures in the dissolution tank 12, PET can be removed from the first solid-phase polymerization evaporation tank 20 and PE can be removed from the second solid-phase polymerization evaporation tank 22.
  • Table 1 shows the conditions for material regeneration for various types of waste materials. By controlling the temperature and time in the dissolution tank 12 under the conditions shown in Table 1, it is possible to separate the target material.
  • the amount of separating agent added (added) is 5 to 10 wt % of the weight of the waste.
  • the separating agent can be selected taking into consideration various factors such as the characteristics for separating the target material, the relationship between the boiling point of the separating agent and the melting point of the target material (boiling point of separating agent ⁇ melting point of target material), and the price of the separating agent.
  • glycol-based separating solvents include TEG, DEG (diethylene glycol), ethylene glycol, etc.
  • the boiling points and prices increase in the order of ethylene glycol, DEG, and TEG.
  • the separating agent can be selected taking into consideration the melting point of the target material and the boiling point and price of the separating agent used in combination.
  • glycol-based separation solvents will be described in detail.
  • a glycol-based solvent can be used as the glycol-based separating solvent.
  • the glycol-based separating solvent preferably has 2 to 40 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • the glycol-based separating solvent may be water-soluble or water-insoluble.
  • Examples of glycol-based separation solvents include alkylene glycols. Examples of alkylene glycols include monoalkylene glycol, dialkylene glycol, trialkylene glycol, tetraalkylene glycol, pentaalkylene glycol, hexaalkylene glycol, and polyalkylene glycol.
  • the alkylene group contained in the alkylene glycol may be linear or branched, preferably has 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and when multiple alkylene groups are present, the multiple alkylene groups may be the same or different.
  • glycol-based separating solvents include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, DEG, dipropylene glycol, TEG, and tetraethylene glycol.
  • the glycol-based separating solvent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the content of the glycol-based separating solvent is, for example, 20 wt % or more and less than 80 wt % based on the total mass of the mixed separating solvent.
  • a separating agent consisting essentially of a glycol-based separating solvent may be used.
  • the content of the glycol-based solvent relative to the total mass of the separating agent is 80 to 100 wt % (preferably 90 to 100 wt %, more preferably 95 to 100 wt %, and even more preferably 99 to 100 wt %).
  • the ketone-based separation solvent is an organic solvent having a ketone structure.
  • Examples of the ketone-based separation solvent include chain ketones, cyclic ketones, and aromatic ketones.
  • the cyclic ketone refers to a ketone that contains a carbonyl group as part of the cyclic structure.
  • An aromatic ketone is a ketone having a carbonyl group bonded to an aromatic ring.
  • the ketone-based separating solvent preferably has 3 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 4 to 15 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 5 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • the ketone-based separating solvent may be water-soluble or water-insoluble.
  • ketone-based separation solvents examples include CHN (cyclohexanone), MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone), 1-octanone, 2-octanone, 1-nonanone, 2-nonanone, acetone, 2-heptanone (methyl amyl ketone), 4-heptanone, 1-hexanone, 2-hexanone, diisobutyl ketone, 2,5-dimethyl-4-hexanone, diisobutyl ketone, methylcyclohexanone, phenylacetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetylacetone, acetonylacetone, ionone, diacetonyl alcohol, acetylcarbinol, acetophenone, methyl naphthyl ketone, isophorone, and propylene carbonate.
  • CHN cyclohexanone
  • MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone
  • the ketone-based separating solvent may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
  • a ketone-based separating solvent is used as a separating agent mixed with other types of solvents (mixed separating solvent)
  • the content of the ketone-based separating solvent is, for example, 20 wt % or more and less than 80 wt % based on the total mass of the mixed separating solvent.
  • a separating agent consisting essentially of a ketone-based separating solvent may be used.
  • the content of the ketone-based separating solvent relative to the total mass of the separating agent is 80 to 100 wt % (preferably 90 to 100 wt %, more preferably 95 to 100 wt %, and even more preferably 99 to 100 wt %).
  • an aromatic hydrocarbon-based separating solvent can also be used.
  • the aromatic hydrocarbon-based separation solvent is an organic solvent made of a hydrocarbon having an aromatic ring.
  • the aromatic hydrocarbon separating solvent preferably has 6 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 15 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 6 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • Examples of aromatic hydrocarbon-based separation solvents include benzene, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, alkylbiphenyls, and alkyldiphenylalkanes.
  • aromatic hydrocarbon separation solvents include xylene (m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, or a mixture of two or more of these), benzene, mesitylene, methylnaphthalene, tert-butylbenzene, n-butylbenzene, phenylxylylethane, and dimethylnaphthalene.
  • the aromatic hydrocarbon-based separating solvent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the content of the aromatic hydrocarbon-based separating solvent is, for example, 20 wt % or more and less than 80 wt % based on the total mass of the mixed separating solvent.
  • a separating agent consisting essentially of an aromatic hydrocarbon-based separating solvent may be used.
  • the content of the aromatic hydrocarbon-based separating solvent relative to the total mass of the separating agent is 80 to 100 wt % (preferably 90 to 100 wt %, more preferably 95 to 100 wt %, and even more preferably 99 to 100 wt %).
  • some separating agents such as CHN, have a dechlorination function. For this reason, it is possible to select a separating solvent that has a dechlorination function or a separating solvent with a relatively high dechlorination function.
  • ketone-based separation solvents include MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone). Comparing CHN and MIBK, CHN has a higher boiling point and has less impact on the human body. For this reason, it is possible to select CHN as a separation agent.
  • MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone
  • the material recycling device 10 and the material recycling method performed by the material recycling device 10 as described above make it possible to separate materials contained in waste as individually as possible. It is also possible to decolorize discolored resin and mixed cotton. This further promotes the reuse of resources and contributes to environmental protection. Note that, like aluminum pouches, mixed cotton also undergoes a two-stage separation process to separate the materials and decolorize them.
  • the material recycling device 10 of this embodiment is capable of individually separating the target materials with a simple configuration.
  • the refill amount (addition amount) of the separating agent is 5 to 10 wt%, making it possible to separate the target materials individually using a small amount of separating agent.
  • the management of conditions such as temperature and time in the dissolution tank 12, the opening and closing of each valve device, and the removal of precipitates from each filtration tank 14, 16, and 18 are performed manually, but these can be automated to separate the target material through continuous processing.
  • a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, etc. are installed in the melting tank 12, and the computer equipment monitors the output of these sensors and determines whether the conditions for opening and closing the valve device are met.
  • the various valve devices are opened and closed according to the judgment results and automatic control of the computer equipment, and the delivery of the molten liquid is managed.
  • the precipitates can also be removed using a transfer device or the like controlled by the computer equipment. This type of automation makes it possible to separate more materials while reducing labor.
  • FIG. 5 shows a clothing bleaching device 100 as an example of a material recycling device.
  • the clothing bleaching device 100 is composed of a combination of multiple devices.
  • the clothing bleaching device 100 can also be understood as an example of a material recycling system (clothing bleaching system).
  • the clothing bleaching device 100 is capable of separating materials (material separation). Therefore, the clothing bleaching device 100 can be understood as a material separation device that performs a specific material separation method. In addition, the clothing bleaching method performed by the clothing bleaching device 100 is one aspect of a material regeneration method.
  • the clothing decolorizing device 100 includes a mixing tank 102, a receiving tank 104 with a heater, a circulation pump 106, an evaporation tank 108, a vacuum receiving tank 110, a vacuum pump 112, a condenser 114, and a dye recovery tank 116.
  • the clothing decolorizing device 100 further includes a liquid delivery pump 118, a centrifugal decolorizer 120, and the like.
  • a basket 124 is transferred to the mixing tank 102 via a transfer unit 122.
  • the basket 124 has mesh-like walls and a bottom, and is suspended from the transfer unit 122.
  • the basket 124 is moved by the transfer unit 122 to the mixing tank 102 or the centrifugal deliquor 120 with clothes (not shown) stored inside. Furthermore, the basket 124 is lowered by the transfer unit 122 at the position of the mixing tank 102 or the centrifugal deliquor 120.
  • FIG. 5 the state in which the basket 124 contains clothes (not shown) and is lowered into the mixing tank 102 is shown by a dashed line. Furthermore, in FIG. 5, the state in which the basket 124 has been transferred to the top of the centrifugal deliquor 120 is virtually shown by a two-dot chain line.
  • the mixing tank 102 is connected to a receiving tank 104 with a heater via piping (reference numerals omitted).
  • the receiving tank 104 with a heater contains a mixed fluid (separating agent) 126 of EG (ethylene glycol) and dye (corresponding to step (S) 41 in FIG. 6), and the heated fluid in the receiving tank 104 with a heater is sent to the mixing tank 102 via a circulation pump 106 (S42).
  • a valve device 128 is provided between the mixing tank 102 and the receiving tank 104 with a heater. By opening the valve device 128, the separating agent (not shown) in the mixing tank 102 is returned to the receiving tank 104 with a heater (corresponding to the flow from S43 to S41) and reused (first reuse).
  • the mixing tank 102 is equipped with a heater (electric heater in this case) 130, which heats the separating agent in the mixing tank 102.
  • the mixing tank 102 is covered (surrounded) by a heat insulating material 132, which keeps the mixing tank 102 (and the separating agent) warm.
  • the heater-equipped receiving tank 104 is equipped with a heater 134, and the separating agent 126 in the heater-equipped receiving tank 104 is heated by the heater 134.
  • the heater-equipped receiving tank 104 is covered (surrounded) by a heat-insulating material 136, which keeps the separating agent 126 warm.
  • the clothes in the basket 124 are mixed with the decolorizing agent and decolorized by a liquid circulation method (by convection) (S43, first decolorization).
  • the clothes are decolorized by circulating the separating agent, not by stirring.
  • the operating conditions of the mixing tank 102 are normal pressure, temperature of 150-190°C, and a clothes retention time of 15-60 minutes.
  • the transfer section 122 lifts the basket 124 and transfers it to the centrifugal deliquifier 120.
  • the clothes in the basket 124 are transferred to the centrifugal deliquifier 120 with the separating agent soaked in (adhering to) them.
  • the decolorized clothes (decolorized clothes) and the separating agent adhering to the decolorized clothes are centrifuged (S44).
  • the separating agent that is thrown off (removed) by centrifugal force is discharged into the separating agent receiving tank 138 and stored there.
  • the separating agent (not shown) in the separating agent receiving tank 138 is sent to the heater-equipped receiving tank 104, returned to the heater-equipped receiving tank 104, and reused (second reuse) (S45).
  • wash water is supplied as shown by the arrow C1 (S46).
  • the wash water is used to remove EG adhering to the bleached clothes by centrifugal force (S47), and the clothes are decolorized (second deliquor).
  • the mixture of EG and wash water separated from the bleached clothes is stored in the mixing tank 140 (S54).
  • the deliquored clothes are removed from the centrifugal deliquor 120, dried, and collected. In this way, the clothes are decolorized and deliquified multiple times (twice in this case).
  • a portion of the separating agent 126 in the heater-equipped receiving tank 104 is sent to the evaporation tank 108 (S50), where it is heated by the heater 142 while mixed with the dye separated from the clothes.
  • the heated separating agent evaporates (S51) and is separated (separated) from the dye.
  • the separated dye is collected in the dye collection tank 116 by opening the valve device 144. In this manner, the dye itself is collected.
  • the separating agent evaporated in the evaporation tank 108 passes through the condenser 114 (S52) and flows into the vacuum receiving tank 110 (S53).
  • the inside of the vacuum receiving tank 110 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 112, and the separating agent from the condenser 114 flows into the vacuum receiving tank 110 due to the pressure difference caused by the evacuation.
  • the separating agent 146 stored in the vacuum receiving tank 110 is sent to the heater-equipped receiving tank 104 via the liquid delivery pump 118 (flow from S53 to S41), and is reused (third reuse) in the heater-equipped receiving tank 104.
  • clothing bleaching device 100 material recycling device
  • clothing bleaching method material recycling method
  • a first recycling section consisting of a valve device 128 and piping, etc.
  • a second recycling section consisting of a separating agent receiving tank 138 and piping, etc.
  • a third recycling section consisting of an evaporation tank 108, a condenser 114, a vacuum receiving tank 110, piping, etc.
  • the separated dye is collected in the dye collection tank 116, making it possible to reuse the dye (the dye itself).
  • a first decolorization step (S41 to S43, etc.) in which a colored clothing item is mixed with a separating agent supplied from a separating agent supplying section (such as a receiving tank 104 with a heater) in a first decolorization section (such as a mixing tank 102) to decolorize the clothing item;
  • a second bleaching step (S44, etc.) of removing any separating agent from the clothing item bleached in the first bleaching step;
  • a first reuse step (e.g., a flow from S43 to S41) in which the separating agent used in the first decolorization step is returned to the separating agent supply section and reused;
  • a second reuse step (e.g., a flow from S45 to S41) in which the separating agent removed in the second decolorization step is returned to the separating agent supply section and reused;
  • a third reuse step (e.g., a flow of returning to S41 via S50 to
  • a separating agent supply unit such as a receiving tank 104 equipped with a heater
  • a first decolorization unit e.g., mixing tank 102
  • a second bleaching unit such as a centrifugal deliquor 120
  • a first recycling section such as a valve device 128 or a pipe
  • a second recycling section such as a separating agent receiving tank 138 or a pipe
  • a third recycling section including an evaporation tank 108, a condenser 114, a vacuum receiving tank 110, and piping
  • the material recycling method and material recycling device of the present invention can be applied to the recycling of various types of waste.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de recyclage de matériaux permettant de séparer individuellement davantage de matériaux.　Ce procédé de recyclage de matériaux comprend : une étape de fusion dans laquelle des déchets et un agent de séparation sont placés dans un réservoir de fusion, de sorte que les déchets sont fondus au moins par la régulation de la température ; et une étape de séparation dans laquelle des matériaux cibles de séparation sont précipités à partir d'une masse fondue qui est obtenue dans l'étape de fusion, de sorte que chaque type de matériau est séparé individuellement.　Les matériaux sont séparés en fonction de différences de température.　Dans l'étape de séparation, sont utilisés des réservoirs de filtration 14, 16, 18 qui sont prévus pour chaque type de matériau cible de séparation.　Une pluralité de chacun des réservoirs de filtration 14, 16, 18 sont prévus, de sorte que différents types de matériaux sont logés dans différents réservoirs de filtration 14, 16, 18.　L'agent de séparation est séparé dans les réservoirs de filtration 14, 16, 18, et est récupéré dans des réservoirs de réception d'agent de séparation 24, 26.
PCT/JP2024/001602 2023-01-24 2024-01-22 Procédé de recyclage de matériaux et système de recyclage de matériaux Ceased WO2024157917A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2024/026487 WO2025158691A1 (fr) 2023-01-24 2024-07-24 Procédé de séparation/récupération de composant plastique pour produit de déchets plastiques composites
PCT/JP2025/001481 WO2025159032A1 (fr) 2024-01-22 2025-01-18 Procédé de recyclage horizontal pour récupérer de manière sélective du pet et du pvc à partir de déchets plastiques composites

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JPH06287350A (ja) * 1993-04-05 1994-10-11 Masakazu Abe ポリオレフィン含有産業廃棄物の再資源化方法およびその再資源化装置
JPH0924293A (ja) * 1995-07-07 1997-01-28 Nippon Steel Corp 廃プラスチックの分別方法
JP2000037673A (ja) * 1998-07-23 2000-02-08 Yoshida Seibutsu Kenkyusho:Kk 食品包装用積層材料の分別回収方法
JP2015021054A (ja) * 2013-07-18 2015-02-02 帝人株式会社 脂肪族ポリオレフィンとポリアルキレン芳香族ジカルボキシレートとの混合物からの有効成分回収方法
JP2018187808A (ja) * 2017-04-28 2018-11-29 地方独立行政法人山口県産業技術センター 複合材料の分別回収方法およびこれに用いる分別回収装置

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JP6050834B2 (ja) * 2012-12-20 2016-12-21 アースリサイクル株式会社 プラスチック系複合廃棄物の分別回収方法
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JPH06287350A (ja) * 1993-04-05 1994-10-11 Masakazu Abe ポリオレフィン含有産業廃棄物の再資源化方法およびその再資源化装置
JPH0924293A (ja) * 1995-07-07 1997-01-28 Nippon Steel Corp 廃プラスチックの分別方法
JP2000037673A (ja) * 1998-07-23 2000-02-08 Yoshida Seibutsu Kenkyusho:Kk 食品包装用積層材料の分別回収方法
JP2015021054A (ja) * 2013-07-18 2015-02-02 帝人株式会社 脂肪族ポリオレフィンとポリアルキレン芳香族ジカルボキシレートとの混合物からの有効成分回収方法
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