WO2024153869A1 - Dispositif de protection passive contre l'incendie comprenant une mousse silicone - Google Patents
Dispositif de protection passive contre l'incendie comprenant une mousse silicone Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024153869A1 WO2024153869A1 PCT/FR2024/000003 FR2024000003W WO2024153869A1 WO 2024153869 A1 WO2024153869 A1 WO 2024153869A1 FR 2024000003 W FR2024000003 W FR 2024000003W WO 2024153869 A1 WO2024153869 A1 WO 2024153869A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fire protection
- protection device
- passive fire
- silicone
- silicone composition
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/20—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length
- B29C44/32—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. linings, inserts or reinforcements
- B29C44/321—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. linings, inserts or reinforcements the preformed part being a lining, e.g. a film or a support lining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/58—Moulds
- B29C44/588—Moulds with means for venting, e.g. releasing foaming gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/14—Macromolecular materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/02—2 layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
- B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/04—Inorganic
- B32B2266/057—Silicon-containing material, e.g. glass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/72—Density
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
Definitions
- TITLE Passive fire protection device including silicone foam
- the present invention relates to the technical field of silicone foams, and more specifically the use of silicone foam strips for passive fire protection of equipment, in particular:
- Passive fire protection refers to all preventive measures for protection against fire, based on the use of fire breaks or fire-resistant structural elements.
- a so-called “PPI” device is an article allowing a building or part of a building to resist a fire for a fixed predetermined time. The fire resistance of an installation can in particular be verified and certified by tests carried out according to standard ISO EN 1366 “Fire resistance tests of technical installations”.
- a cable tray is a device allowing the passage of one or more cables (generally electrical cables, computer cables and/or multimedia cable), or piping to facilitate the distribution of fluids (air, gas, etc.).
- cables generally electrical cables, computer cables and/or multimedia cable
- piping to facilitate the distribution of fluids (air, gas, etc.).
- Passive fire protection blankets are generally flexible devices, having fire-resistant properties which have mechanical resistance up to 1300°C.
- Patent application EP 0 612 540 Al describes a flexible protective device having fire-resistant properties comprising a complex of fibrous and/or textile elements assembled by gluing.
- EP 2 072 087 Al describes a fire protection mattress comprising at least two fibrous subassemblies based on layers of mineral fiber wool separated by a fabric of mineral fibers, at least one layer of bonding refractory glue between them the subsets fibrous, and an envelope comprising a mineral fiber fabric impregnated with a flame-retardant silicone and enclosing all of the fibrous subassemblies.
- Patent application EP 2 694 164 Al also describes a fire protection coating comprising several superimposed fibrous layers and a layer of refractory glue placed between two fibrous layers.
- the firestop material contains at least one fibrous element.
- fibrous products can generate residues which are likely to clog the safety devices of the installations, for example the cooling circuits.
- the presence of fibrous elements is therefore contraindicated in high-risk installations, such as nuclear power plants.
- Patent application EP 3 799 935 A2 proposed a solution to this specific problem: it describes a fire protection cover which comprises a first layer consisting of a fabric of a heat-resistant material, in particular a glass fabric or a meta-aramid fiber fabric, and a second layer made of an intumescent material.
- this document describes a fire protection device using one or more of said covers placed in a staggered manner.
- fire protection covers have the advantage of being light and flexible and of not risking projecting fibers which could clog filters in the event of deterioration of the cable tray protections in the case of blowing by a jet of steam or other.
- the assembly of these covers is difficult: the covers must be arranged so as to provide areas for expansion of the intumescent material in the event of fire.
- the present invention aims to propose a new passive fire protection device, flexible, light and easy to handle, having fire-resistant properties and good mechanical strength up to 1300°C.
- This new device is advantageously free of fibrous elements. It ensures protection of equipment important for safety and security in high-risk installations, such as nuclear power plants.
- this new device can be removable, cleanable and decontaminable.
- the present invention aims to propose a new device for passive protection against fire of equipment, in particular of equipment important for the safety and security of an installation, for example cables, paths of cables, ventilation and smoke extraction ducts, crossings, joints and boxes.
- the present invention therefore relates to a passive fire protection device, said device comprising at least one strip comprising a silicone foam having a density less than 0.20 g/cm 3 .
- the invention also relates to a process for preparing a passive fire protection device, said process comprising (A) the preparation of a strip comprising a silicone foam, said preparation comprising the steps consisting of:
- the subject of the invention is the use of said device for passive protection against fire of equipment, in particular equipment important for the safety and security of an installation, for example cables, paths of cables, ventilation and smoke extraction ducts, crossings, joints and boxes, and particularly for the wrapping of cable trays, preferably in high-risk installations, such as nuclear power plants.
- FIG. 1 represents an embodiment of a mold according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 represents an embodiment of a strip before (2A) and after (2B) its demolding according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 represents an embodiment of a passive fire protection device according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph of a strip obtained according to the example according to the invention.
- the present invention therefore relates to a passive fire protection device, said device comprising at least one strip comprising a silicone foam having a density less than 0.20 g/cm 3 .
- a strip can be defined as a shape whose thickness is significantly less than its length and width.
- a band can typically do:
- silicon foam or “silicone foam” designates a composition of organopolysiloxanes in the form of foam.
- the silicone foam according to the present invention is obtained from a silicone composition crosslinking by polyaddition and whose foaming reaction generates hydrogen.
- a polyaddition crosslinking composition comprising an organopolysiloxane carrying vinyl groups linked to silicon, an organopolysiloxane containing hydrogen atoms linked to silicon and a blowing agent comprising a hydro xyl group.
- the hydroxyl group of the blowing agent reacts with the hydride-functional organopolysiloxane, producing hydrogen gas and a silanol.
- the silanol then reacts with the hydride-functional organopolysiloxane by a hydrogenocondensation reaction, thus generating a second molecule of hydrogen gas, while another polydiorganosiloxane carrying vinyl groups linked to silicon will simultaneously react by an addition reaction with another polydiorganosiloxane with hydride functions, thus participating in the construction of the silicone foam network.
- the silicone composition contains a pore-forming agent which expands the material under the action of heat by decomposition with the release of gas, in particular the case of azo-type derivatives, for example azodicarbonamide, which will make it possible to release nitrogen, carbon dioxide and ammonia.
- the silicone composition contains a pore-forming agent which expands the material under the action of heat by phase change, typically liquid to gas, in particular the case of solvents with a low boiling point.
- the silicone foam is obtained from a silicone composition comprising:
- At least one organopolysiloxane A having, per molecule, at least two C2-C12 alkenyl groups linked to silicon
- Organopolysiloxane A having, per molecule, at least two alkenyl groups, C2-C12 linked to silicon, can preferably be a linear organopolysiloxane formed: - at least two siloxyl units of the following formula: Y a R 1 bSiO(4-ab)/2 in which Y represents a C2-C12 alkenyl group, preferably a vinyl group;
- R 1 c SiO(4-o/2 in which R 1 has the same meaning as above and c 2 or 3.
- M V1 siloxyl unit chosen from YR 1 2 SiOi/2 and Y 2 R 1 SiOi/2,
- D V1 siloxyl unit chosen from Y 2 SiO 2 / 2 and YR 1 SiO 2 /2,
- T siloxyl unit R'SiO; 2 .
- terminal units M and M V1 mention may be made of the trimethylsiloxy, dimethylphenylsiloxy, dimethylvinylsiloxy or dimethylhexenylsiloxy groups.
- D and D V1 units mention may be made of the dimethylsiloxy, methylphenylsiloxy, methylvinylsiloxy, methylbutenylsiloxy, methylhexenylsiloxy, methyldecenylsiloxy or methyldecadienylsiloxy groups.
- T units we can cite the methylsiloxy group.
- the organopolysiloxane A having, per molecule, at least two alkenyl groups, C 2 -Ci 2 linked to silicon, can preferably be a linear organopolysiloxane essentially consisting of siloxyl units D and/or D V1 , and terminal siloxyl units M and/or M V1 .
- linear organopolysiloxanes which can be organopolysiloxanes A according to the invention are:
- organopolysiloxane A contains terminal dimethylvinylsilyl units and even more preferably organopolysiloxane A is a poly(dimethylsiloxane) with dimethylvinylsilyl ends.
- organopolysiloxane A is an oil with a dynamic viscosity of between 100 mPa.s and 100,000 mPa.s, preferably between 100 mPa.s and 80,000 mPa.s, and more preferably between 1000 mPa.s and 50 000 mPa.s.
- organopolysiloxane A has a mass content of alkenyl unit of between 0.001% and 30%, preferably between 0.01% and 10%, preferably between 0.02% and 5%.
- the silicone composition preferably comprises from 40% to 80% by weight of organopoly siloxane A, even more preferably from 50% to 70% by weight of organopolysiloxane A. According to one embodiment, the silicone composition does not comprise branched organopolysiloxanes or resins comprising C2-C12 alkenyl units.
- Organopolysiloxane B is an organopolysiloxane having, per molecule, at least two SiH units. It is therefore an organohydrogenopolysiloxane compound. Preferably, compound B comprises at least three SiH units.
- R 2 group may be the same or different from each other.
- R 2 may represent a monovalent radical chosen from the group consisting of alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by at least one halogen atom such as chlorine or fluorine, cycloalkyl groups having 3 with 8 carbon atoms and aryl groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 2 can advantageously be chosen from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, xylyl, tolyl and phenyl.
- the symbol d is preferably equal to 1.
- M R 2 3SiOi/2 siloxyl unit, M': R 2 2HSiOi/2 siloxyl unit, D: R 2 2SiOi/2 siloxyl unit, D': siloxyl unit R 2 HSiC>2/2,
- Organopolysiloxane B can have a linear, branched, or cyclic structure.
- the degree of polymerization is preferably greater than or equal to 2. Generally, it is less than 5000.
- the viscosity of the organopolysiloxane B is between 1 mPa.s and 5000 mPa.s, more preferably between 1 mPa. s and 2000 mPa.s, and even more preferably between 5 mPa.s and 1000 mPa.s.
- organohydrogenopolysiloxanes which can be organopolysiloxanes B according to the invention are:
- organopolysiloxane B When organopolysiloxane B has a branched structure, it is preferably chosen from the group consisting of silicone resins of the following formulas:
- organopolysiloxane B has a mass content of Si-H hydrogenosilyl functions of between 0.2% and 91%, more preferably between 3% and 80% and even more preferably between 15% and 70%.
- the molar ratio of the Si-H hydrogenosilyl functions of the organopolysiloxanes B to the alkene functions of the organopolysiloxanes A is between 5 and 100, preferably between 10 and 90, more preferably between 15 and 65, and even more preferably between 20 and 55. .
- the silicone composition according to the invention preferably comprises from 1% to 20% by weight, and more preferably from 3% to 15% by weight, of organopolysiloxane B.
- the hydrosilylation catalyst C may in particular be chosen from platinum and rhodium compounds but also from silicon compounds such as those described in patent applications WO 2015/004396 and WO 2015/004397, germanium compounds such as those described in patent applications WO 20160/75414 or nickel, cobalt or iron complexes such as those described in patent applications WO 2016/071651, WO 2016/071652 and WO 2016/071654.
- Catalyst C is preferably a compound derived from at least one metal belonging to the platinum group. These catalysts are well known.
- catalyst C is a compound derived from platinum.
- the weight quantity of catalyst C, calculated in weight of platinum metal is generally between 2 ppm and 400 ppm by weight, preferably between 5 ppm and 200 ppm, based on the total weight of the silicone composition.
- the catalyst C is a Karstedt platinum.
- the blowing agent D comprising a hydroxy group can be chosen from the group consisting of water, polyols, monofunctional alcohols, organosilanes containing at least one silanol group, organosiloxanes containing at least one silanol group, and mixtures thereof. .
- the pore-forming agent D is water.
- Water can be added directly to the silicone composition.
- the water can be introduced in the form of an aqueous emulsion, for example a direct oil-in-water silicone emulsion or an inverse water-in-oil silicone emulsion comprising a continuous oily silicone phase, an aqueous phase and a stabilizing.
- the water is introduced via an emulsion of silicone oil in water with a water content of around 60% by weight. When water is introduced into the silicone composition via an emulsion, the dispersion of water in the silicone composition and its storage stability are improved.
- the blowing agent D is a polyol.
- it is an organic polyol having 3 to 12 carbon atoms and comprising at least 2 hydroxyl groups per molecule.
- the polyol may be linear or branched, and it may optionally comprise one or more aromatic rings. Mention may be made, for example, of saturated polyhydric alcohols having at least 2 hydroxyl groups per molecule, such as those described in US 4,871,781. Examples of polyols which can be used as a blowing agent according to the invention are:
- diols for example 1,2-ethanediol, 2,3-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol and 1,6-hexanediol;
- triols for example 1,2,3-propanetriol and 2,2-bis-hydroxymethyl-butanol
- - tetritols for example erythritol and pentaerythritol
- - pentitols for example arabitol, xylitol, and methylpentitol
- hexitols for example mannitol and sorbitol
- cycloaliphatic polyols for example cyclohexanediols, cyclohexane triols, and inositol.
- the blowing agent D is a monofunctional alcohol.
- it is an organic alcohol having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and comprising a single hydroxyl group per molecule.
- the alcohol can be linear or branched, and it can optionally comprise one or more aromatic rings.
- monofunctional alcohols which can be used as a blowing agent according to the invention are methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, tert-butanol, n -octanol, benzyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.
- the blowing agent D is an organosilane containing one or more silanol groups.
- organosilane containing one or more silanol groups can for example be represented by the following formula (1) or formula (2):
- R 3 represents a monovalent radical chosen from the group consisting of alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by at least one halogen atom such as chlorine or fluorine, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and aryl groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. It is understood that if more than one R 3 group is present in the above formulas, they may be the same or different from each other.
- organosilanes containing one or more silanol groups which can be used as a blowing agent according to the invention are (CH 3 ) 3 SiOH, (CdHySiOH, ( ⁇ LXCôHs ⁇ SiOH and (C 6 H 5 )2Si(OH)2.
- the blowing agent D is an organosiloxane containing one or more silanol groups.
- it may be an organopolysiloxane compound formed:
- the silicone composition may also include other compounds, in particular:
- At least one mineral filler in particular silica, quartz, or a mixture of these; - at least one thermal resistance and/or fire resistance additive;
- diorganopolysiloxane oil blocked at each end of its chain by a triorganosiloxy unit whose organic radicals linked to the silicon atoms are chosen from alkyl radicals having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;
- the silicone composition comprises a mineral filler, which is preferably combustion silica or precipitation silica.
- Silica-type mineral fillers preferably have a specific surface area, measured according to BET methods, of at least 50 m 2 /g, in particular between 50 m 2 /g and 400 m 2 /g, preferably greater than 70 m 2 /g, an average primary particle size of less than 0.1 pm (micrometer) and an apparent density of less than 200 g/liter.
- the mineral filler is a combustion silica whose specific surface area is between 100 m 2 /g and 300 m 2 /g.
- the mineral fillers of silica type can be incorporated as such into the silicone composition or optionally be treated with a compatibilisation agent.
- these silicas can optionally be treated with one or more organosilicic compounds, for example organosilane or organosilazane, usually used for this use.
- methylpolysiloxanes such as hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethylcyclo- tetrasiloxane, methylpolysilazanes such as hexamethyldisilazane, hexamethylcyclotrisilar, tetramethyldiviny that the dimethyl-dicklorosilane, the trimethylchlorosilane, the methylvinylordhlorosilane, the dimethylvinylchlorosilane, alkoxysilanes such as dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethylvinylethoxysilane, trimethylmethoxysilane.
- the silica is treated during mixing with all or part of the organopolysiloxane A according to an in-situ process.
- the silica is treated with one or more hexaorganodisilazanes. Even more preferably, the silica is treated with hexamethyldisilazane alone or mixed with divinyltetramethyldisilazane.
- the silica can optionally be predispersed in a silicone oil, so as to obtain a suspension. It is particularly preferred to use a suspension of combustion silica treated, in particular with hexamethyldisilazane, in a polyorganosiloxane oil, in particular vinylated.
- the silicone composition according to the invention may also contain at least one other mineral filler which is a quartz. Crushed natural quartz with an average particle size of less than 10 microns is preferably used. Quartz can optionally be treated to improve its compatibility with organopolysiloxanes.
- the silicone composition contains a mixture of silica and quartz, with a mass ratio between quartz and silica preferably between 0.5 and 4, more preferably between 1 and 3.6 , even more preferably between 1.5 and 3.2, and even more advantageously between 1.5 and 2.8.
- mineral fillers can be considered, in particular fillers, such as for example diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate and/or kaolin.
- the silicone composition may optionally comprise at least one thermal resistance and/or fire resistance additive.
- thermal resistance and/or fire resistance additives are well known to those skilled in the art. It can be advantageously chosen from the group consisting of: salts, oxides and hydroxides of metals such as iron, titanium, aluminum, nickel and copper; rare earth salts, hydroxides and oxides such as cerium and lanthanum; organophosphate compounds; platinum derivatives; carbon black; and silicates of calcium, aluminum and/or potassium such as, for example, mica and wollastonite. Mention may also be made of hydrated mineral fillers, oxides or carbonates of calcium, magnesium or aluminum, such as magnesium hydroxide.
- hollow glass microspheres can be added to the silicone composition.
- the silicone composition may optionally comprise at least one diorganopolysiloxane gum.
- Diorganopolysiloxane gums are linear polymers of high molecular weight with a viscosity greater than 1000 Pa.s at 25° C., preferably greater than 2000 Pa.s, and whose diorganopolysiloxane chain consists essentially of units of formula R 2 SiO 2 / 2 and blocked at each end by units of formula R 3 SiOi/ 2 , the radical R represents an alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkenyl radical having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the diorganopolysiloxane gums comprise at least two C 2 -Ci 2 alkenyl groups linked to silicon.
- the diorganopolysiloxane gum has a mass content of vinyl units greater than 0.3%, preferably greater than 0.5%, more preferably between 0.5% and 6%, even more preferably between 0.5% and 4%. %, and even more preferably between 1% and 3.5%.
- the silicone composition comprises a crosslinking inhibitor (or retarder of the addition reaction)
- a crosslinking inhibitor or retarder of the addition reaction
- this can be chosen from the following compounds: an organopolysiloxane, advantageously cyclic, and substituted by at least one alkenyl, tetramethylvinyltetrasiloxane being particularly preferred , pyridine, organic phosphines and phosphites, unsaturated amides, alkylated maleates, and acetylenic alcohols, for example 1-ethynyl-l-cyclohexanol, methyl-3-dodecyn-l-ol-3, trimethyl-3,7,H-dodecyn-l-ol-3, diphenyl-1,l-propyn-2-ol-l, ethyl-3-ethyl -6-nonyne-l-ol-3 and methyl-3-pentadecyn-l-ol
- the silicone composition comprises (by weight relative to the total weight of the silicone composition): a. from 40% to 80% by weight of at least one organopolysiloxane A having, per molecule, at least two C2-C12 alkenyl groups linked to silicon, b. from 1% to 20% of at least one organopolysiloxane B having, per molecule, at least two SiH units and preferably at least three SiH units, c. from 2 ppm to 400 ppm by mass of a hydrosilylation catalyst C chosen from platinum compounds (amount calculated by weight of platinum metal), and d. from 0.3% to 2.5% by weight of a blowing agent D, e.
- the silicone composition comprises (by weight relative to the total weight of the silicone composition): a. from 40% to 80% by weight of at least one organopolysiloxane A having, per molecule, at least two C2-C12 alkenyl groups linked to silicon, b. from 1% to 20% by weight of at least one organopolysiloxane B having, per molecule, at least two SiH units and preferably at least three SiH units, c. from 2 ppm to 400 ppm by mass of a hydrosilylation catalyst C chosen from platinum compounds (amount calculated by weight of platinum metal), d. from 0.3% to 2.5% by weight of a blowing agent D, e.
- At least one mineral filler which is a combustion silica whose specific surface area is between 100 m 2 /g and 300 m 2 /g, f. from 6% to 25% by weight of at least one mineral filler which is crushed quartz, g. from 0.4% to 5% by weight of at least one fire resistance additive, h. from 0 to 3000 ppm by mass of a crosslinking inhibitor, and i. from 0 to 4% by weight of a diorganopolysiloxane gum comprising at least two C2-C12 alkenyl groups linked to silicon.
- Such a silicone composition making it possible to obtain a silicone foam is for example described in international patent application WO 2021/014058.
- the silicone composition according to the invention can be prepared from a two-component (or multi-component) system characterized in that it is presented in two (or more) distinct parts intended to be mixed to form said silicone composition.
- the silicone composition can be prepared from a two-component system characterized in that one of the parts comprises the catalyst C and does not include the organopolysiloxane B, while the other part comprises the organopoly siloxane B and does not include catalyst C.
- Other multi-component systems can be provided to improve the storage life and/or optimize the viscosity of each of the components.
- the silicone composition according to the invention can be prepared from a three-component system characterized in that it is presented in three distinct parts intended to be mixed to form said silicone composition.
- the mixing of the parts of said two-component (or multi-component) system can typically take place in a mixer (mechanical stirrer with inclined blades, low-pressure dynamic mixer, or any other conventional stirring system) at a temperature close to ambient temperature. , that is to say between 10°C and 40°C.
- a mixer mechanical stirrer with inclined blades, low-pressure dynamic mixer, or any other conventional stirring system
- An increase in the temperature of the silicone composition is sometimes observed during this mixing depending on the type of mixer and the shear applied. If you want to accelerate the crosslinking or hardening of the silicone foam, you can mix at a higher temperature, advantageously between 40°C and 70°C.
- the silicone composition undergoes a crosslinking and/or hardening step to obtain the silicone foam.
- This step can have a variable duration depending on the silicone composition and the temperature.
- a silicone foam with good properties is obtained after a few minutes or a few hours depending on the temperature and the concentration of catalyst and inhibitor in the silicone composition.
- the silicone foam according to the invention advantageously has a low density, preferably less than 0.20 g/mL, more preferably less than 0.17 g/mL. It is visually uniform with a homogeneous distribution of bubble sizes within the foam and does not contain large bubbles whose diameter is greater than or equal to 2 mm.
- the silicone foam according to the invention advantageously has good mechanical properties, excellent fire resistance and does not release toxic fumes during their combustion.
- silicone foam is flexible and easy to handle, and it can advantageously be used in a passive fire protection device.
- the silicone foam according to the invention is preferably not an intumescent material.
- intumescent material we mean a material capable of swelling under the effect of heat above a certain temperature.
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a passive fire protection device, said method comprising (A) the preparation of a strip comprising a silicone foam, said preparation comprising the steps consisting of: - prepare a silicone composition capable of forming a foam by releasing a gas;
- the closed mold defines a hollow volume corresponding to the shape of the article that is desired to be molded.
- the mold can have a simple geometric shape, for example a parallelepiped shape as illustrated in Figure 1.
- the bottom and top walls of the mold define the largest surface areas of the molded article, while the side walls define the thickness of the molded article.
- the mold (1) is made up of side walls (2) (four side walls are shown here), a lower wall (3) and an upper wall or cover (4).
- the lower wall (3) can optionally be provided with feet (5) serving as support for the mold.
- the cover (4) is preferably removable, as illustrated in Figure 1.
- the silicone composition can be deposited in the mold (1) (configuration IA), then the cover ( 4) can be attached to the side walls, thus defining a closed hollow volume (configuration IB).
- the mold can consist of two half-molds which define a closed hollow volume when they are assembled.
- the silicone composition can typically be injected into the closed hollow volume defined by the 2 assembled half-molds.
- the walls of the mold can be made of a material suitable for ensuring its mechanical strength, for example metal, typically steel or aluminum, rigid plastic, typically PET, polypropylene or even polycarbonate, or a composite material.
- the mold comprises a means allowing the evacuation of gases generated during the crosslinking and/or hardening reaction of the silicone composition.
- at least part of the walls of the mold according to the invention are made up of two adjacent materials: a rigid exterior material permeable to gas, for example a grid or a perforated plate, and an interior material permeable to gas and impervious to liquid.
- a rigid exterior material permeable to gas for example a grid or a perforated plate
- an interior material permeable to gas and impervious to liquid e.g., the silicone composition being deposited in a mold in liquid form, it is necessary to provide a waterproof internal material to contain the silicone composition in its liquid form before its crosslinking and/or hardening reaction.
- said internal material is of a flexible material, typically a fibrous material. Said fibrous material may be of natural, artificial and/or synthetic origin.
- thermoplastic (co)polymers suitable: polyolefins, polyesters, polyalkylene oxides, polyoxyalkylenes, polyhaloalkylenes, poly(alkylene phthalate or terephthalate), poly(pheny or phenylene), poly(phenylene oxide or sulphide), phenylene acetates polyvinyl, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl halides, polyvinylidene halides, polyvinyl nitriles, polyamides, polyimides, polycarbonates, polysiloxanes, polymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid, polyacrylates or methacrylates, natural polymers such as cellulose and its derivatives, synthetic polymers such as synthetic e
- the fibrous material is made of thermoplastic polymer
- it is preferably made of polyester, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene terephthalate (PPT), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), their copolymers and mixtures, or of polyamide such as polyamide 6, polyamide 6.6, polyamide 4, polyamide 1.1, polyamide 1.2, polyamides 4-6, 6-10, 6-12, 6-36, 12-12, their copolymers and mixtures.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PPT polypropylene terephthalate
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- polyamide such as polyamide 6, polyamide 6.6, polyamide 4, polyamide 1.1, polyamide 1.2, polyamides 4-6, 6-10, 6-12, 6-36, 12-12, their copolymers and mixtures.
- the lower and upper walls of the mold are provided to allow the evacuation of gases generated during the crosslinking and/or hardening reaction of the silicone composition.
- the lower and upper walls of the mold preferably define the largest surfaces of the molded strip.
- the mold can be closed, for example using a lid, as illustrated in Figure IB.
- the hollow volume defined by the closed mold must preferably remain fixed and resist the pressure created by the expansion of the foam.
- Fixing means are known to those skilled in the art, for example fasteners between the cover and the side walls, weights distributed on top of the cover, or a hydraulic system making it possible to keep the cover closed.
- the preparation of the strip finally comprises a step consisting of allowing said silicone composition to crosslink and/or harden to obtain the silicone foam.
- This step can have a variable duration depending on the silicone composition and the temperature of the previous deposition step. Generally, a silicone foam with good properties is obtained after a few minutes or a few hours depending on the temperature and the concentration of catalyst and inhibitor in the silicone composition.
- the entire process for manufacturing the silicone foam is carried out under air or nitrogen sweeping to avoid the risks linked to the release of hydrogen during the process.
- the silicone foam manufacturing process is preferably carried out at atmospheric pressure and at room temperature, also to avoid the risks linked to the release of hydrogen.
- the ambient temperature is generally between 15°C and 40°C, typically around 25°C.
- implementing the pressure process atmospheric and/or at ambient temperature is an important advantage in terms of technological simplification and implementation costs.
- the method according to the present invention may optionally comprise an additional step consisting of annealing the silicone foam.
- This optional annealing step may consist of a heat treatment lasting from 1 to several hours, preferably from 1 to 4 hours, at a temperature between 50°C and 200°C, preferably between 100°C and 150°C. °C. It can make it possible to improve, if necessary, the fire resistance and mechanical properties of the silicone foam. However, this step is not essential, and we will prefer a process characterized in that it does not include an additional annealing step.
- a strip comprising a silicone foam is obtained and it can be demolded.
- the material of the interior face of the mold that is to say the material in contact with the silicone composition before its crosslinking and/or its hardening, then in contact with the silicone foam after its crosslinking and/or its hardening is chosen so that unmolding is easy.
- the material is chosen from materials adhering little or not to the silicone foam after its crosslinking and/or hardening.
- the material of the interior face of the mold is polyester.
- the material can be surface treated to improve its non-adhesion to the silicone foam, for example with a fluorocarbon coating.
- the passive fire protection device according to the present invention can advantageously comprise a textile support.
- Textile supports that can be used in passive fire protection devices are known to those skilled in the art. Some examples are described in patent application EP 3 799 935 A2.
- the textile support is preferably made of a heat-resistant material, for example a glass fabric resistant to heat above 500°C or a fabric with meta-aramid fibers. Glass fabric has the advantage of being inexpensive and offering good mechanical resistance.
- the strip comprises a layer of silicone foam and a textile support.
- step (A) of preparing the strip further comprises a step consisting of placing a textile support in the mold before depositing the silicone composition capable of forming a foam by releasing a gas. Step (A) can therefore be described as follows:
- the silicone foam obtained adheres to the textile support.
- the strip comprising the layer of silicone foam and the textile support can be demolded.
- Figure 2 represents a strip thus obtained before its demolding (configuration 2A) and after its demolding (configuration 2B).
- the strip (9) comprises a textile support (7) and a layer of silicone foam (8) which adheres to the textile support (7).
- certain internal walls of the mold (1) and the cover (4) have been coated with a non-stick polyester fibrous material (6). During unmolding, the cover (4) is dismantled and the strip (9) can easily be removed from the mold (1).
- the strip may not include an adhesion primer between the layer of silicone foam and the textile support. Indeed, in the preparation process described above, the crosslinking and/or hardening reaction of the silicone foam takes place directly on the textile support and adhesion is thus obtained without additional adhesion primer.
- the method of manufacturing a passive fire protection device according to the present invention may further comprise (B) the assembly of one or more of said strips comprising a silicone foam.
- a device may comprise several thicknesses of strips assembled together mechanically and/or chemically (gluing).
- a strip comprising a silicone foam according to the invention can be rolled up on itself.
- several strips according to the invention can be stacked on top of each other.
- an intermediate layer can optionally be positioned between each strip. This may optionally contain additives useful for passive fire protection and/or mechanical reinforcement.
- the passive fire protection device may comprise, in addition to said strip(s) comprising a silicone foam, one or more layers containing additives useful for passive protection against fire. fire.
- additives are known to those skilled in the art in this technical field.
- additives useful for passive fire protection we mean a compound which prevents or inhibits the spread of fire.
- metal hydroxides which under the effect of heat decompose and release water.
- metal hydroxides most used for their passive fire protection properties, we can cite aluminum hydroxide (ATH) and magnesium hydroxide.
- ATH aluminum hydroxide
- refractory particles is for example described in patent application EP 2 072 087 AL.
- They may in particular be metallic metasilicates, for example hydrated sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3.nH2O).
- hydrated sodium metasilicate Na2SiO3.nH2O.
- the passive fire protection device according to the present invention does not contain additives likely to release basic water at high temperature.
- the passive fire protection device according to the present invention does not contain metal metasilicates.
- Figure 3 represents an embodiment of a passive fire protection device (10) according to the invention comprising 3 thicknesses of strips arranged around a cable tray (11).
- the first strip thickness comprises a first layer of silicone foam (12) and a first textile support (13).
- This first thickness of strip is assembled with a second thickness of strip which comprises a second layer of silicone foam (14) and a second textile support (15).
- This second thickness of strip is assembled with a third thickness of strip which comprises a third layer of silicone foam (16) and a third textile support (17).
- an intermediate layer (18) which may contain additives useful for passive fire protection and/or for mechanical reinforcement.
- the passive fire protection device (10) according to the invention does not comprise an intermediate layer (18), the strip thicknesses then being directly adjacent to each other.
- the first, second and third strips comprising a layer of silicone foam and a layer of textile support, can have a thickness typically between 1 cm and 3 cm.
- the intermediate layers can have a thickness typically between 0 cm and 2 cm.
- the entire device after assembly can therefore have a thickness, according to this embodiment, of between 3.2 cm and 13 cm.
- the subject of the invention is the use of said device for passive protection against fire of equipment, in particular equipment important for the safety and security of an installation.
- equipment covered we can cite for example:
- the equipment covered may be chosen from among equipment important for the safety and security of an installation, in particular a high-risk installation, such as a nuclear power plant.
- the subject of the invention is the use of said passive fire protection device for wrapping cable trays, preferably in high-risk installations, such as nuclear power plants.
- the subject of the invention is the use of said passive fire protection device for the manufacture of hopper sleeves, in particular cables, tubes or pipes.
- the passive fire protection device proposed hereby invention has been eco-designed to be light, flexible, easy to handle, removable, cleanable and decontaminable.
- the device can be dismantled and reassembled on the installations, without having to completely replace it with a new device.
- the negative impact of the product on the environment over its entire life cycle can thus be reduced, while maintaining its usability.
- silicone composition capable of forming a foam and crosslinking by polyaddition, was prepared by mixing at room temperature the compounds described in Table 1 below:
- a polyester fabric was placed at the bottom, then a commercial glass fabric approximately 2 mm thick.
- a cover also made of a perforated steel plate, was covered with a polyester fabric.
- the silicone composition was deposited in the mold on the glass fabric, distributed evenly at the bottom of the mold using a scraper (liquid layer of approximately 3 mm), then the cover was fixed on the frame so as to form a closed mold.
- the strip thus obtained comprises a glass fabric and a layer of silicone foam.
- the density of the foam is around 0.15 g/mL.
- the silicone foam adheres perfectly to the supporting glass fabric.
- the strip obtained is homogeneous, light and flexible. It can be easily handled and folded.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202480015698.6A CN120813468A (zh) | 2023-01-16 | 2024-01-16 | 包含有机硅泡沫的被动防火装置 |
| EP24706485.0A EP4652036A1 (fr) | 2023-01-16 | 2024-01-16 | Dispositif de protection passive contre l'incendie comprenant une mousse silicone |
| KR1020257027320A KR20250138221A (ko) | 2023-01-16 | 2024-01-16 | 실리콘 폼을 포함하는 수동 방화 디바이스 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FRFR2300394 | 2023-01-16 | ||
| FR2300394A FR3144920B1 (fr) | 2023-01-16 | 2023-01-16 | Dispositif de protection passive contre l’incendie comprenant une mousse silicone |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024153869A1 true WO2024153869A1 (fr) | 2024-07-25 |
Family
ID=86604181
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2024/000003 Ceased WO2024153869A1 (fr) | 2023-01-16 | 2024-01-16 | Dispositif de protection passive contre l'incendie comprenant une mousse silicone |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4652036A1 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20250138221A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN120813468A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3144920B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024153869A1 (fr) |
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| FR1126884A (fr) | 1954-10-02 | 1956-12-03 | Teves Kg Alfred | Régulateur de pression pour la répartition harmonique de la pression |
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| WO2021014058A1 (fr) | 2019-07-25 | 2021-01-28 | Elkem Silicones France Sas | Composition silicone pour mousse elastomere |
| EP3799935A2 (fr) | 2019-10-03 | 2021-04-07 | Soletanche Freyssinet | Couverture intumescente de protection au feu |
-
2023
- 2023-01-16 FR FR2300394A patent/FR3144920B1/fr active Active
-
2024
- 2024-01-16 WO PCT/FR2024/000003 patent/WO2024153869A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2024-01-16 EP EP24706485.0A patent/EP4652036A1/fr active Pending
- 2024-01-16 CN CN202480015698.6A patent/CN120813468A/zh active Pending
- 2024-01-16 KR KR1020257027320A patent/KR20250138221A/ko active Pending
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| FR1136885A (fr) | 1954-10-06 | 1957-05-21 | Dow Corning | Procédé de fabrication de produits organosiliciques pulvérulents hydrophobes |
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| US3220972A (en) | 1962-07-02 | 1965-11-30 | Gen Electric | Organosilicon process using a chloroplatinic acid reaction product as the catalyst |
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| EP0612540A1 (fr) | 1993-02-26 | 1994-08-31 | Mecanique Application Tissus Mecatiss | Dispositif souple ayant des propriétés coupe-feu |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3144920A1 (fr) | 2024-07-19 |
| EP4652036A1 (fr) | 2025-11-26 |
| FR3144920B1 (fr) | 2025-11-07 |
| CN120813468A (zh) | 2025-10-17 |
| KR20250138221A (ko) | 2025-09-19 |
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