WO2024144429A1 - Radial counter-current extractor and method of using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The group of inventions relates to extraction processes for extracting target components and extracts from fluid dispersed media and slurries. Disclosed are a radial extractor for extracting heterogeneous mixtures and a method for extracting heterogeneous mixtures which includes feeding a heterogeneous mixture into said radial extractor. The radial extractor for extracting heterogeneous mixtures comprises a main perforated tube enclosed in a sealed outer tube, and an additional perforated tube surrounding the main perforated tube. The main tube is designed to allow an initial reagent to be fed thereinto. The space between the main and the additional perforated tubes serves to allow the movement of a heterogeneous mixture for extraction, and the space between the additional tube and the sealed outer tube is designed to allow the removal of spent extractant. The technical result is that of increasing extraction efficiency.

Description

COUNTERCURRENT RADIAL EXTRACTOR AND METHOD OF ITS APPLICATION

The invention relates to the technique and technology of extraction processes in the “solid-liquid-liquid” system for extracting target components, extracts, from fluid dispersed media and pulps.

The known “Installation for phase-selective extraction in a solid-liquid system and a method for phase-selective extraction in a solid-liquid system” RU 2344866 [1], containing a crusher connected in series, a mixer with a liquid supply pipeline, a shell-and-tube extractor, a pipe in a pipe with convective permeability an internal pipe, pumps for supplying the pulp from the mixer to the pipe and the extractant to the casing; the extractor casing is divided by longitudinal partitions into an even number of channels with nozzles for introducing the extractant into them, nozzles and a pump for pumping out the extract from them.

The disadvantage of this known method is low efficiency, determined by interruption (pulsation) of the process.

The closest to the claimed technical solution is “Equipment for the extraction of beer wort” DE 102013104815 [2], containing a main perforated pipe enclosed in an outer impermeable pipe.

The device can work continuously.

The disadvantages of this method include low extraction efficiency due to the uneven flow of solvent through the raw material and the increased bulkiness of the apparatus.

Technical problem

Technical result: increased extraction efficiency, reduced weight and size characteristics.

The solution of the problem

The technical result is achieved in that: a radial extractor for extraction of heterogeneous mixtures, containing a main (first) perforated pipe enclosed in an outer impermeable pipe, is characterized by the fact that it contains an additional (second) perforated pipe around the main perforated pipe, and the main pipe is made with the possibility of supplying the initial reagent inside it, the space between the main and additional perforated pipes serves to move the heterogeneous mixture for extraction, and the space between the additional pipe and the external impermeable pipe is designed to drain the reacted extractant.

The method of using the extractor includes organizing a radial and countercurrent flow of the extractant and heterogeneous mixture, which increases the efficiency of use of the proposed extractor.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the extractor, Fig. 2 cross section of the proposed extractor, where:

1 - extractor body;

2 - bottom extractor cover;

3 - main perforated pipe in the space between the supply of raw materials and the output of the mixture of solvent and extracted (valuable) components;

4 - top extractor cover;

5 - additional perforated pipe between the solvent supply and raw material supply spaces

6 - direction of movement of the feedstock;

7 - direction of movement of the remainder;

8 - direction of solvent supply;

9 - direction of extract output.

The method is carried out as follows:

The body of the extractor 1 is integral with an external impermeable pipe, the bottom cover of the extractor 2 and the top cover of the extractor 4. Inside the body, the main (first) pipe 3 and the additional (second) perforated pipe 5 are coaxially located.

Raw materials, such as slurry, are fed through the top cover and pass into the space between two perforated pipes, passing through this space and exiting through the bottom cover. The direction of movement of the feedstock is shown at 6, the direction of movement of the residue is shown at 7. The solvent (extractant), for example a fluid, is supplied from below through special fittings that are connected only to the central perforated pipe. The direction of solvent supply is shown 8. The fluid passes countercurrently and radially to the movement of the sludge, through the space of the second perforated pipe, and the extract is removed from the space between the body by the perforated pipe on top of the extractor through the fittings. The direction of extraction of the extract is shown 9. The connection of the proposed extractor with sources of raw materials and extractant is made through fittings, which can be located in places of the extractor corresponding to the process, to implement (organize) a radial, countercurrent or countercurrent-radial extraction method. The location of the fittings does not significantly affect the technical result and is calculated based on the parameters of the intended extraction process (viscosity of the feedstock, temperature, solvent pressure, duration of contact of the raw material with the solvent, etc.).

Figure.1

Figure.2

When using the proposed extractor, you can use the radial movement of the extractant (solvent) flow through the sludge layer. This method ensures that the loss of pressure when flows move along the length of the extractor will be minimal, since in this case the movement of the solvent, overcoming the resistance of the oil sludge flow, will not occur through the entire length (height) of the extractor, but through a layer corresponding to the distance between the first and second pipes. Thus, the pressure drop during flow movement will be minimal.

When using the proposed extractor, it is possible to use a countercurrent flow of extractant (solvent) through the sludge layer. This method ensures that the concentration of the extracted components in the solvent when introducing oil sludge into the extractor will be zero while simultaneously minimizing the concentration of the extracted component in the oil sludge, since most of the components from the oil sludge will be removed due to its passage along the entire length of the extractor. At the same time, the concentration of extracted components in the solvent when leaving the extractor will be maximum at their maximum concentration in the oil sludge. Thus, countercurrent movement provides the maximum driving force of the mass transfer process due to the maximum difference in the concentration of the extracted components in the oil sludge and in the solvent along the entire length of the extractor.

Positive effects from the invention

Technical result - increased extraction efficiency is achieved by improving uniformity and increasing the contact area of the raw material with the solvent. The reduction in weight and size characteristics is due to the compactness of the proposed radial arrangement of raw materials and solvent.

Industrial applicability. The production of the proposed extractor and its further operation can be carried out using well-known and widely used devices.

Patent literature

“Installation for phase-selective extraction in a solid-liquid system and a method for phase-selective extraction in a solid-liquid system” RU 2344866;

"Equipment for the extraction of beer wort" DE 102013104815.

Claims (3)

Radial extractor for extraction of heterogeneous mixtures, containing a main perforated pipe enclosed in an outer impermeable pipe, characterized in that it contains an additional perforated pipe around the main perforated pipe, and the main pipe is configured to supply the initial reagent inside it, the space between the main and additional perforated pipes serves to move the heterogeneous mixture for extraction, and the space between the additional pipe and the external impermeable pipe is designed to drain the reacted extractant. A method for extracting heterogeneous mixtures, including feeding the heterogeneous mixture into a radial extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial movement of the extractant flow through the layer of the heterogeneous mixture is organized. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a countercurrent movement of the extractant flow through the layer of the heterogeneous mixture is organized.