WO2024141675A1 - Exterior protection member for an exterior sensor on a vehicle - Google Patents
Exterior protection member for an exterior sensor on a vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024141675A1 WO2024141675A1 PCT/EP2024/050051 EP2024050051W WO2024141675A1 WO 2024141675 A1 WO2024141675 A1 WO 2024141675A1 EP 2024050051 W EP2024050051 W EP 2024050051W WO 2024141675 A1 WO2024141675 A1 WO 2024141675A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- film
- light
- protection member
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/236—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide
- F21S43/239—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide plate-shaped
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/0017—Devices integrating an element dedicated to another function
- B60Q1/0023—Devices integrating an element dedicated to another function the element being a sensor, e.g. distance sensor, camera
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/005—Manufacturers' emblems, name plates, bonnet ornaments, mascots or the like; Mounting means therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/48—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds
- B60R19/483—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects combined with, or convertible into, other devices or objects, e.g. bumpers combined with road brushes, bumpers convertible into beds with obstacle sensors of electric or electronic type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/242—Light guides characterised by the emission area
- F21S43/245—Light guides characterised by the emission area emitting light from one or more of its major surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
- F21S45/60—Heating of lighting devices, e.g. for demisting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/93—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S15/931—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/93—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S17/931—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4811—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements common to transmitter and receiver
- G01S7/4813—Housing arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/02—Arrangements for de-icing; Arrangements for drying-out ; Arrangements for cooling; Arrangements for preventing corrosion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
- H01Q1/3283—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle side-mounted antennas, e.g. bumper-mounted, door-mounted
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/247—Light guides with a single light source being coupled into the light guide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/2605—Refractors
- F21S43/2621—Refractors characterised by the properties of the light beam shaping surface
- F21S43/26271—Refractors characterised by the properties of the light beam shaping surface using micro-optics, e.g. micro-lenses or micro-structures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
- F21S45/10—Protection of lighting devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2104/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for decorative purposes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
- F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
- F21W2107/20—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for water vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
- F21W2107/30—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for aircraft
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S2007/4975—Means for monitoring or calibrating of sensor obstruction by, e.g. dirt- or ice-coating, e.g. by reflection measurement on front-screen
- G01S2007/4977—Means for monitoring or calibrating of sensor obstruction by, e.g. dirt- or ice-coating, e.g. by reflection measurement on front-screen including means to prevent or remove the obstruction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52004—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S2007/52009—Means for monitoring or calibrating of sensor obstruction, e.g. dirt- or ice-coating
- G01S2007/52011—Means for monitoring or calibrating of sensor obstruction, e.g. dirt- or ice-coating including means to prevent or remove the obstruction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
- G01S2013/93271—Sensor installation details in the front of the vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/93—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S15/931—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2015/937—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles sensor installation details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4004—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
- G01S7/4039—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system of sensor or antenna obstruction, e.g. dirt- or ice-coating
- G01S7/4043—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system of sensor or antenna obstruction, e.g. dirt- or ice-coating including means to prevent or remove the obstruction
- G01S7/4047—Heated dielectric lens, e.g. by heated wire
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
Definitions
- a heating structure configured to melt any accumulation of frost, ice and/or snow in front of the sensor
- the external protection member makes it possible to facilitate the integration of these different functions, protection and decoration, by using a heating structure and a luminous structure which form a stack which is easily manipulated and easily integrated within, for example, the body of the vehicle.
- the heating and lighting device comprises a functional face towards which the heat produced by the heating structure and the light produced by the luminous structure can be sent, this face functional forming an external face of the protective member exterior or this functional face being opposite an external face of the external protection member, which is at a distance from this functional face.
- the external face of the protective member is that which is exposed to the external environment of the vehicle, external face which is likely to be covered by frost, ice and/or snow.
- the internal face of the protective member is flat.
- the internal face of the protective member is curved.
- the heating and lighting device comprises, between the heating structure and the luminous structure, an adhesive layer which comprises an optically transparent adhesive.
- the heating and lighting device comprises, in addition to the heating structure and the luminous structure, a protective layer, in particular of polycarbonate (PC), or of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or silicone, this protective layer being presented for example in the form of a protective film.
- a protective layer in particular of polycarbonate (PC), or of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or silicone, this protective layer being presented for example in the form of a protective film.
- this protective layer is an end layer, on the top or bottom, of the stack of the heating and lighting device.
- the heating and lighting device extends over an area of the panel chosen so that the light display by the light structure occupies at least 5%, or at least 20%, or at least 50% of the surface area of the panel.
- PEDOT PSS is a mixture of two polymers, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS).
- the heating structure comprises:
- At least one resistive layer in particular based on carbon or containing a transparent conductive oxide (also called TCO for “Transparent conductive oxide” in English) such as indium-tin oxide (also called ITO for "Indium tin oxide”) » in English), arranged to produce heat when this layer is passed through by an electric current,
- a transparent conductive oxide also called TCO for "Transparent conductive oxide” in English
- ITO indium-tin oxide
- ITO indium tin oxide
- the flexible guide sheet of the light structure has a thickness between 200 and 1000 pm, preferably a thickness between 200 and 600 pm, in particular at a thickness between 200 and 400 pm, in particular a thickness of 250 pm.
- the optical decoupling element(s) are configured to reflect the light in a directional manner, in particular at an angle substantially perpendicular to the emission face of the flexible guide sheet.
- At least one of the layers adjacent to the film is an adhesive layer which comprises an optically transparent adhesive.
- the heating and lighting device according to the invention can have a relatively small thickness, in comparison with conventional heating and lighting devices.
- the resistive layer and/or the electrodes of the heating structure are inks having been deposited, for example by printing or screen printing, on a substrate.
- this substrate is made of a woven or non-woven material.
- the electrodes and/or the resistive layer are deposited on the substrate by printing, screen printing or lamination of several materials.
- the heating and lighting device includes a decoration visible from the outside.
- the film of the luminous structure has a thickness less than or equal to 1000 pm, preferably less than or equal to 800 pm, preferably less than or equal to 600 pm, preferably less than or equal to 400 pm, preferably less than or equal to 300 micrometers, preferably less than or equal to 250 pm, preferably less than or equal to 200 pm, preferably between 10 pm and 250 pm.
- the flexible guide sheet has a thickness less than or equal to 1000 pm, preferably less than or equal to 800 pm, preferably less than or equal to 600 pm, preferably less than or equal to 400 pm, preferably less than or equal to 300 pm, preferably less than or equal to 250 pm, preferably less than or equal to 200 pm, preferably between 12 pm and 250 pm.
- the flexible guide sheet has a light emission face emitting the light extracted by the optical decoupling element(s).
- this light emission face has a maximum dimension measured between two points furthest from this emission face, maximum dimension which is at least 10 times greater than the thickness of the film, in particular at least 100 or 1,000 times greater than the thickness of the film.
- this maximum dimension of the light emission face is 10 cm, and the thickness of the film is 200 ⁇ m, which represents a factor of 500 between these two dimensions.
- the light emitting face can have various shapes and dimensions.
- This light emission face can for example be polygonal, square or rectangular in shape for example.
- This light emitting face can have a shape in 2 dimensions (2D) or three dimensions (3D).
- optical decoupling elements will be called indifferently optical decoupling element or microstructure.
- the optical decoupling element(s) are transparent in the absence of guided light in the flexible guide sheet.
- the optical decoupling element(s) are configured to reflect the light in a directional manner, in particular at an angle substantially perpendicular to the emission face of the flexible guide sheet.
- the optical decoupling elements can be of various shapes and/or sizes.
- each optical decoupling element extends over the film along a maximum dimension less than 200 pm, in particular less than or equal to 100 pm, in particular a dimension less than or equal to 50 pm.
- each optical decoupling element is a pin or a bump having a diameter of approximately 50 pm and a height of 1 to 2 pm.
- each optical decoupling element has a circular or polygonal periphery, for example in a triangle, square, diamond or rectangle.
- each optical decoupling element on the film is formed by an inclined or curved facet or a rough facet, produced for example by cutting or by molding or by ablation for example by laser.
- the optical decoupling elements, forming microstructures are arranged in a pattern, so as to form, when light is injected into the light structure, a design, for example a logo, one or more writing characters, an image, a symbol or other decorative element.
- the optical decoupling elements, or microstructures can be distributed with a density which varies, in particular increases, as a function of the distance from the injection of light into the film. For example, the further away the microstructures are from the injection of light, the more densely they are distributed. Such a distribution advantageously makes it possible to ensure a homogeneous distribution of the light intensity over the entire extent of the film.
- the optical decoupling elements are integrated into the film.
- the film is made of polycarbonate (PC), or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or thermoplastic polyurethane (TUP), or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
- PC polycarbonate
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- TUP thermoplastic polyurethane
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the material of the film is a thermoplastic, a thermosetting material, a polymer, a high transmission silicone, a glass, a composite, an alloy or any other material suitable for the transmission of light.
- At least one of the layers adjacent to the film is an adhesive layer which comprises an optically transparent adhesive (or OCA in English for “Optical Clear Adhesive”).
- this adhesive is chosen transparent and has a refractive index different from that of the film so as to allow total internal reflection in the film.
- At least one of the layers adjacent to the film are protective layers, which make it possible to mechanically protect the film.
- the light and heating structures are assembled together by overmolding or via a layer of adhesive.
- the substrate is of textile type, woven or knitted, or of non-woven type.
- the wires forming the substrate may or may not be extensible.
- the substrate can be a sheet of flexible plastic or a foam such as TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane).
- the substrate has a surface area of at least 10 cm2, or at least 50 cm2, or at least 500 cm2 at least.
- the electrodes are made of conductive material, in particular metallic such as ink loaded with conductive particles, in particular silver or copper particles.
- the electrodes are metallic adhesive tapes, for example made of copper.
- the invention also relates to a vehicle front panel assembly, comprising:
- the senor having an active zone through which electromagnetic and/or sound waves are emitted and/or received, the protection member, in particular the panel, is placed in front of this active area of the sensor.
- the senor can be a lidar (corresponding in English to “Light detection and ranging”), namely a distance measuring device based on the analysis of the properties of a beam of light returned to its transmitter.
- the sensor can be a radar, in particular operating at a frequency between 76 to 81 Gigahertz.
- the sensor can be a combination of a radar and a lidar, possibly coupled to an infrared camera.
- the protection member can be dedicated to several sensors of the vehicle.
- the protective member in particular the panel, comprises elements for fixing the panel to the vehicle.
- the panel is solid, i.e. does not have any holes or orifices on its external face.
- the panel is part of a vehicle body.
- the invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising a front panel assembly as described above.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the front face of a motor vehicle equipped with an exterior protection panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation, in section, of the protection panel of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a light structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 4 is another schematic representation of a light structure according to the invention according to a top view
- Figure 5 is another schematic representation of a light structure according to the invention in a side view
- FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a heating structure of the heating and lighting device of Figure 2;
- FIG. 7 is a schematic representation, in section, of a protective panel according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- the sensor 101 can be a lidar (corresponding in English to “Light detection and ranging”), namely a distance measuring device based on the analysis of the properties of a beam of light returned to its transmitter.
- the sensor 101 can be a radar, operating at a frequency between 76 to 81 Gigahertz.
- the sensor 101 has an active zone 104 through which electromagnetic waves are emitted and/or received, the protection member 102, in the form of a panel, is placed in front of this active zone 104 of the sensor 101.
- the protection member 102 is dedicated to a single sensor 101.
- the protection member 102 can be dedicated to several vehicle sensors.
- the panel 102 comprises fixing elements 105 of the panel 102 on the vehicle V, for example in the form of hooks.
- the panel 102 is solid, i.e. does not have any holes or orifices on its external face 106.
- Panel 102 is part of a bodywork of vehicle V, and can be curved or flat.
- the panel 102 extends between two front lights 107 of the vehicle, in a central zone 108 of a front face 109 of the vehicle.
- the panel here is a front grille element of the vehicle V, a grille which is inserted vertically, between the hood and the bumper of the vehicle.
- the panel 102 has a dimension measured in a direction L passing through the two front lights, which is at least 10 cm, or at least 50 cm, or at least 80 cm or 1 m.
- the external face 106 of the protective member 102 is that which is exposed to the external environment of the vehicle, external face 06 which is likely to be covered by frost, ice and/or snow , which the heating structure 7 will melt.
- the protective member 102 has a flat internal face 103 opposite its external face 106, internal face 103 which is turned towards the sensor 101 in front of which the protective member 102 is placed.
- flexible guide sheet means an optical guide element of which one of the dimensions is much smaller than the other two dimensions in space, for example smaller by one or more orders of magnitude.
- a flexible guide sheet whose thickness along the axis Ox is at least two orders of magnitude less than its dimensions along the plane Oxy in which the flexible guide sheet 110 extends.
- the film 111 comprises a set of optical decoupling elements 113 formed by microstructures on one of the faces of the film 111 extending along the axis Oy.
- the microstructures 113 capable of returning the guided light rays in the flexible film 111 outside the flexible guide sheet 110, in particular in a direction along the axis Ox perpendicular to the surface of the sheet 110.
- the guide sheet 110 being flexible, it is not necessarily included in a plane but can be curved or curved, depending on the position in which it is placed and the mechanical constraints applied to it.
- the propagation of light rays in the flexible film 111 is made by total internal reflection thanks to the difference between the refractive index of the flexible film 111 and that of at least one adjacent layer, here an adhesive layer applied to at least one side of the flexible film.
- the glue chosen is transparent and has a refractive index different from that of the flexible film so as to allow total internal reflection in the flexible film 111.
- the difference in refractive index the light rays are propagating in the flexible film undergo a total reflection when it meets the interface between the flexible film and the glue layer with an angle of incidence lower than the normal incidence.
- the guide sheet 110 is able to guide light by total internal reflection of this light, for example from an entry zone, here from the slice 114, to an exit zone.
- the microstructures 113 can be distributed along the axis Oy so that the linear density of microstructures 113 is proportional to the distance relative to the light injection section 114 through which the light rays are received. injected by an injection element 120.
- Such a distribution advantageously makes it possible to ensure a homogeneous distribution along the axis L of the light intensity of the pattern emitted by the flexible guide sheet 110.
- the flexible film 111 can comprise a mixing zone 111.2 and a light emission zone 111.1 provided with microstructures 113.
- the mixing zone 111.2 is arranged upstream of the light emission zone 111.2. light emission according to the direction of propagation of the light rays within the guide sheet 110.
- the light emission zone 111.1 is integrated into a region 1110 of the sheet 110.
- the light injected into the light guide sheet 110 via the slice 114 will be mixed in the light mixing region 111.2 in order to obtain better light homogeneity.
- the light then propagates in the light emission zone 111.1 through which the light emerges from the light guide sheet 110 in the direction Ox.
- the light structure 8 comprises:
- the substrate 58 may be a sheet of flexible plastic or a foam such as TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane).
- TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
- the heating structure 7 can incorporate a decoration visible from the outside.
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Abstract
Description
Description Description
Titre : Organe de protection extérieure pour un capteur extérieur d’un véhicule Title: External protection body for an external sensor of a vehicle
[0001] La présente invention se rapporte à un organe de protection extérieure configuré pour être monté devant un capteur extérieur d’un véhicule. Le véhicule peut être de type terrestre, maritime ou aérien. Le véhicule est notamment un véhicule électrique. L’invention concerne également un véhicule équipé d’un tel organe de protection extérieure. [0001] The present invention relates to an external protection member configured to be mounted in front of an external sensor of a vehicle. The vehicle can be land, sea or air. The vehicle is in particular an electric vehicle. The invention also relates to a vehicle equipped with such an external protection member.
[0002] On connaît par la demande de brevet US2017334397 un élément chauffant frontal qui peut être placé sur un système de détection de véhicule pour limiter ou éliminer l'accumulation de glace ou de neige. L’élément chauffant utilise un matériau polymère à coefficient de température positif (PTC) qui peut être configuré pour transmettre la lumière, le son ou les fréquences radio. [0002] We know from patent application US2017334397 a frontal heating element which can be placed on a vehicle detection system to limit or eliminate the accumulation of ice or snow. The heating element uses a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) polymer material that can be configured to transmit light, sound or radio frequencies.
[0003] Il existe un besoin de mieux intégrer les capteurs, notamment des lidars et radars, sur le véhicule. [0003] There is a need to better integrate sensors, in particular lidars and radars, on the vehicle.
[0004] L’invention a ainsi pour objet un organe de protection extérieure configuré pour être monté devant un capteur extérieur d’un véhicule, cet organe de protection extérieure comportant un dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage comprenant, dans un empilement : [0004] The subject of the invention is thus an external protection member configured to be mounted in front of an external sensor of a vehicle, this external protection member comprising a heating and lighting device comprising, in a stack:
- une structure chauffante configurée pour faire fondre une éventuelle accumulation de givre, de glace et/ou de neige devant le capteur, - a heating structure configured to melt any accumulation of frost, ice and/or snow in front of the sensor,
- une structure lumineuse comportant une nappe de guidage flexible comprenant un film dans un matériau ayant un indice de réfraction, ce matériau étant par exemple un polymère, le film formant un cœur de la nappe de guidage flexible, cœur dans lequel la lumière peut se propager, ce film étant interposé entre deux couches de matériaux d’indices de réfaction inférieurs à l’indice de réfraction du matériau du film, cette structure lumineuse comprenant en outre au moins un élément de découplage optique configuré pour réfléchir ou diffracter localement de la lumière se propageant dans le film vers l’extérieur du film, le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage présentant une transparence vis-à-vis d’ondes électromagnétiques ou d’ondes sonores utilisées par le capteur de sorte que ces ondes électromagnétiques ou sonores puissent traverser le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage. - a luminous structure comprising a flexible guide sheet comprising a film in a material having a refractive index, this material being for example a polymer, the film forming a core of the flexible guide sheet, core in which the light can propagate , this film being interposed between two layers of materials with refractive indices lower than the refractive index of the material of the film, this luminous structure further comprising at least one optical decoupling element configured to reflect or locally diffract light propagating in the film towards the outside of the film, the heating and lighting device having transparency with respect to electromagnetic waves or sound waves used by the sensor so that these Electromagnetic or sound waves may pass through the heating and lighting device.
[0005] La présente invention permet de protéger le capteur, en éliminant une éventuelle accumulation de givre, de glace et/ou de neige devant le capteur, accumulation qui affecte le fonctionnement du capteur car le givre, la glace et/ou la neige peut bloquer les ondes électromagnétiques ou sonores utilisées par le capteur. L’organe de protection extérieure selon l’invention permet de réaliser, outre cette fonction de protection grâce à la structure chauffante, également une fonction de décoration. En effet, cet organe de protection extérieure peut être monté sur le véhicule de manière à participer à l’aspect extérieur du véhicule. La structure lumineuse peut être configurée pour afficher, une fois allumée, un dessin, par exemple un logo, un ou plusieurs caractères d’écriture, une image, un symbole ou tout autre élément décoratif, par exemple un motif lumineux formé de points lumineux. [0005] The present invention makes it possible to protect the sensor, by eliminating any accumulation of frost, ice and/or snow in front of the sensor, accumulation which affects the operation of the sensor because frost, ice and/or snow can block electromagnetic or sound waves used by the sensor. The external protection member according to the invention makes it possible to achieve, in addition to this protective function thanks to the heating structure, also a decorative function. Indeed, this exterior protection member can be mounted on the vehicle so as to contribute to the exterior appearance of the vehicle. The light structure can be configured to display, once lit, a design, for example a logo, one or more writing characters, an image, a symbol or any other decorative element, for example a light pattern formed of light points.
[0006] L’organe de protection extérieure permet de faciliter l’intégration de ces différentes fonctions, de protection et de décoration, en utilisant une structure chauffante et une structure lumineuse qui forment un empilement facilement manipulable et facilement intégrable au sein par exemple de la carrosserie du véhicule. [0006] The external protection member makes it possible to facilitate the integration of these different functions, protection and decoration, by using a heating structure and a luminous structure which form a stack which is easily manipulated and easily integrated within, for example, the body of the vehicle.
[0007] Le choix des structure chauffante et structure lumineuse permet de ne pas affecter le fonctionnement du capteur, en laissant passer les ondes électromagnétiques ou sonores nécessaires à ce fonctionnement. [0007] The choice of heating structure and luminous structure makes it possible not to affect the operation of the sensor, by allowing the electromagnetic or sound waves necessary for this operation to pass.
[0008] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage comporte une face fonctionnelle vers laquelle de la chaleur produite par la structure chauffante et la lumière produite par la structure lumineuse peuvent être envoyées, cette face fonctionnelle formant une face externe de l’organe de protection extérieure ou cette face fonctionnelle étant en regard d’une face externe de l’organe de protection extérieure, qui est à distance de cette face fonctionnelle. [0008] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the heating and lighting device comprises a functional face towards which the heat produced by the heating structure and the light produced by the luminous structure can be sent, this face functional forming an external face of the protective member exterior or this functional face being opposite an external face of the external protection member, which is at a distance from this functional face.
[0009] La face externe de l’organe de protection est celle qui est exposée à l’environnement extérieur du véhicule, face externe qui est susceptible d’être recouverte par du givre, de la glace et/ou de la neige. The external face of the protective member is that which is exposed to the external environment of the vehicle, external face which is likely to be covered by frost, ice and/or snow.
[0010] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’organe de protection comporte une face interne opposée à sa face externe, face interne qui est tournée vers le capteur devant lequel est placé l’organe de protection. [0010] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the protection member has an internal face opposite its external face, an internal face which is turned towards the sensor in front of which the protection member is placed.
[0011] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la face interne de l’organe de protection est plane. En variante, la face interne de l’organe de protection est galbée. [0011] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the internal face of the protective member is flat. Alternatively, the internal face of the protective member is curved.
[0012] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage comprend, entre la structure chauffante et la structure lumineuse, une couche adhésive qui comporte un adhésif optiquement transparent. [0012] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the heating and lighting device comprises, between the heating structure and the luminous structure, an adhesive layer which comprises an optically transparent adhesive.
[0013] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la couche adhésive contint du silicone et/ou un composé acrylique. [0013] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the adhesive layer contained silicone and/or an acrylic compound.
[0014] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage comprend, en plus de la structure chauffante et de la structure lumineuse, une couche de protection, notamment en polycarbonate (PC), ou en polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA), ou en silicone, cette couche de protection se présentant par exemple sous la forme d’un film de protection. [0014] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the heating and lighting device comprises, in addition to the heating structure and the luminous structure, a protective layer, in particular of polycarbonate (PC), or of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or silicone, this protective layer being presented for example in the form of a protective film.
[0015] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, cette couche de protection est une couche d’extrémité, sur le dessus ou le dessous, de l’empilement du dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage. [0015] According to one of the aspects of the invention, this protective layer is an end layer, on the top or bottom, of the stack of the heating and lighting device.
[0016] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la structure lumineuse est interposée entre la structure chauffante et une couche de protection ou une couche de décoration. [0016] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the luminous structure is interposed between the heating structure and a protective layer or a decorative layer.
[0017] Autrement dit, la structure lumineuse est placée au sein de l’empilement, en position intercalaire. [0018] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage est noyé dans un corps en matière transparente, notamment en matière plastique transparente telle que du polycarbonate (PC), ou du polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA). [0017] In other words, the light structure is placed within the stack, in an intermediate position. [0018] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the heating and lighting device is embedded in a body made of transparent material, in particular transparent plastic material such as polycarbonate (PC), or polymethyl methacrylate ( PMMA).
[0019] Ainsi, l’organe de protection extérieure peut comprendre le corps et le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage est alors noyé dans ce corps. [0019] Thus, the external protection member can include the body and the heating and lighting device is then embedded in this body.
[0020] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la face externe de l’organe de protection est formée sur ce corps. [0020] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the external face of the protective member is formed on this body.
[0021] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’organe de protection extérieure est un panneau configuré pour être monté sur l’extérieur du véhicule. [0021] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the external protection member is a panel configured to be mounted on the exterior of the vehicle.
[0022] Ce panneau peut être galbé ou plan. [0022] This panel can be curved or flat.
[0023] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le panneau s’étend entre deux éclairages avant du véhicule, notamment de manière sensiblement verticale, dans une zone centrale d’une face avant du véhicule. Le panneau est notamment configuré pour être placé à l’avant d’un capot du véhicule, par exemple sensiblement le long d’un bord avant de ce capot. Notamment le panneau est configuré pour être placé au-dessus d’un pare-chocs du véhicule. Ainsi le panneau peut être du type intercalé verticalement, entre le capot et le pare-chocs. Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le panneau est un élément de calandre avant du véhicule. Pour un véhicule thermique, la calandre forme une grille de passage d’air pour une fonction de refroidissement du moteur thermique. Pour un véhicule entièrement électrique, la calandre peut être pleine, sans grille de passage d’air. Dans tous les cas, la calandre joue un rôle esthétique et la structure lumineuse participe avantageusement à l’aspect de l’avant du véhicule. [0023] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the panel extends between two front lights of the vehicle, in particular in a substantially vertical manner, in a central zone of a front face of the vehicle. The panel is in particular configured to be placed at the front of a hood of the vehicle, for example substantially along a front edge of this hood. In particular, the panel is configured to be placed above a vehicle bumper. Thus the panel can be of the type inserted vertically, between the hood and the bumper. According to one of the aspects of the invention, the panel is a front grille element of the vehicle. For a thermal vehicle, the grille forms an air passage grille for the cooling function of the thermal engine. For a fully electric vehicle, the grille can be solid, without an air passage grille. In all cases, the grille plays an aesthetic role and the light structure contributes advantageously to the appearance of the front of the vehicle.
[0024] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le panneau présente une dimension mesurée suivant une direction passant par les deux éclairages avant, qui est d’au moins 10 cm, ou d’au moins 50 cm, ou d’au moins 80 cm ou 1 m. [0024] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the panel has a dimension measured in a direction passing through the two front lights, which is at least 10 cm, or at least 50 cm, or at least 80 cm or 1 m.
[0025] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage s’étend sur une étendue du panneau choisie de sorte que l’affichage lumineux par la structure lumineuse occupe au moins 5%, ou au moins 20%, ou au moins 50% de la superficie du panneau. [0025] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the heating and lighting device extends over an area of the panel chosen so that the light display by the light structure occupies at least 5%, or at least 20%, or at least 50% of the surface area of the panel.
[0026] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la structure chauffante du dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage présente une étendue plus petite que celle de la structure lumineuse. En effet, la zone qui doit être chauffée pour éliminer le givre par exemple peut être relativement petite par rapport aux besoins d’affichage lumineuse. Il s’agit de supprimer le givre ou la neige devant la zone utile pour le capteur placé derrière le panneau. En variante, les étendues des structure chauffante et lumineuse sont identiques. [0026] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the heating structure of the heating and lighting device has an area smaller than that of the light structure. Indeed, the area which must be heated to eliminate frost, for example, can be relatively small compared to the light display needs. This involves removing frost or snow in front of the useful area for the sensor placed behind the panel. Alternatively, the extents of the heating and lighting structures are identical.
[0027] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la structure chauffante comprend du PEDOT : PSS, ou un réseau de nanofils, ou une impression d’encre à base de carbone ou des fils en carbone noyés notamment dans un film en polycarbonate (PC), ou en polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA), ou en polytéréphtalate d’éthylène (PET). [0027] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the heating structure comprises PEDOT: PSS, or a network of nanowires, or an impression of carbon-based ink or carbon wires embedded in particular in a film made of carbon. polycarbonate (PC), or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
[0028] Le PEDOT : PSS est un mélange de deux polymères, le poly(3,4- éthylènedioxythiophène) (PEDOT) et le polystyrène sulfonate) de sodium (PSS). [0028] PEDOT: PSS is a mixture of two polymers, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS).
[0029] Selon un autre des aspects de l’invention, la structure chauffante comporte :[0029] According to another aspect of the invention, the heating structure comprises:
- au moins une couche résistive, notamment à base de carbone ou contenant un oxyde transparent conducteur (encore appelé TCO pour « Transparent conductive oxide » en anglais) tel que l’oxyde d’indium-étain (encore appelé ITO pour « Indium tin oxide » en anglais), agencée pour produire de la chaleur lorsque cette couche est parcourue par un courant électrique, - at least one resistive layer, in particular based on carbon or containing a transparent conductive oxide (also called TCO for "Transparent conductive oxide" in English) such as indium-tin oxide (also called ITO for "Indium tin oxide") » in English), arranged to produce heat when this layer is passed through by an electric current,
- au moins deux électrodes en contact électrique avec la couche résistive de manière à permettre à un courant électrique de circuler à travers la couche résistive entre ces deux électrodes. - at least two electrodes in electrical contact with the resistive layer so as to allow an electric current to flow through the resistive layer between these two electrodes.
[0030] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la nappe de guidage flexible de la structure lumineuse présente une épaisseur comprise entre 200 et 1000 pm, de préférence une épaisseur comprise entre 200 et 600 pm, notamment à une épaisseur comprise entre 200 et 400 pm, notamment une épaisseur de 250 pm. [0031] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le ou les éléments de découplage optique sont configurés pour réfléchir la lumière de manière directionnelle, notamment suivant un angle sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face d’émission de la nappe de guidage flexible. [0030] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the flexible guide sheet of the light structure has a thickness between 200 and 1000 pm, preferably a thickness between 200 and 600 pm, in particular at a thickness between 200 and 400 pm, in particular a thickness of 250 pm. [0031] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the optical decoupling element(s) are configured to reflect the light in a directional manner, in particular at an angle substantially perpendicular to the emission face of the flexible guide sheet.
[0032] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le film est transparent, étant en polycarbonate (PC), ou en polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA), ou en polyuréthane thermoplastique (TUP), ou en polytéréphtalate d’éthylène (PET). According to one of the aspects of the invention, the film is transparent, being made of polycarbonate (PC), or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or thermoplastic polyurethane (TUP), or polyethylene terephthalate ( PET).
[0033] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’une au moins des couches adjacentes au film est une couche adhésive qui comporte un adhésif optiquement transparent. [0033] According to one of the aspects of the invention, at least one of the layers adjacent to the film is an adhesive layer which comprises an optically transparent adhesive.
[0034] Le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage selon l’invention peut présenter une épaisseur relativement faible, en comparaison avec des dispositifs classiques de chauffage et d’éclairage. The heating and lighting device according to the invention can have a relatively small thickness, in comparison with conventional heating and lighting devices.
[0035] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la couche résistive et/ou les électrodes de la structure chauffante sont des encres ayant été déposées, par exemple par impression ou sérigraphie, sur un substrat. According to one of the aspects of the invention, the resistive layer and/or the electrodes of the heating structure are inks having been deposited, for example by printing or screen printing, on a substrate.
[0036] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, ce substrat est réalisé dans un matériau tissé ou non-tissé. [0036] According to one of the aspects of the invention, this substrate is made of a woven or non-woven material.
[0037] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, les électrodes et/ou la couche résistive sont déposées sur le substrat par impression, sérigraphie ou lamination de plusieurs matériaux. According to one of the aspects of the invention, the electrodes and/or the resistive layer are deposited on the substrate by printing, screen printing or lamination of several materials.
[0038] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage comporte un décor visible depuis l’extérieur. [0038] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the heating and lighting device includes a decoration visible from the outside.
[0039] Dans un aspect selon l’invention, le film de la structure lumineuse présente une épaisseur inférieure ou égale 1000 pm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 800 pm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 600 pm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 400 pm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 300 micromètres, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 250 pm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 200 pm, de préférence comprise entre 10 pm et 250 pm. [0040] En variante, la nappe de guidage flexible présente une épaisseur inférieure ou égale 1000 pm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 800 pm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 600 pm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 400 pm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 300 pm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 250 pm, de préférence inférieure ou égale à 200 pm, de préférence comprise entre 12 pm et 250 pm. [0039] In one aspect according to the invention, the film of the luminous structure has a thickness less than or equal to 1000 pm, preferably less than or equal to 800 pm, preferably less than or equal to 600 pm, preferably less than or equal to 400 pm, preferably less than or equal to 300 micrometers, preferably less than or equal to 250 pm, preferably less than or equal to 200 pm, preferably between 10 pm and 250 pm. [0040] Alternatively, the flexible guide sheet has a thickness less than or equal to 1000 pm, preferably less than or equal to 800 pm, preferably less than or equal to 600 pm, preferably less than or equal to 400 pm, preferably less than or equal to 300 pm, preferably less than or equal to 250 pm, preferably less than or equal to 200 pm, preferably between 12 pm and 250 pm.
[0041] On entend par « nappe de guidage flexible >> le fait que la nappe de guidage flexible peut se déformer pour prendre une forme prédéterminée. Par exemple, lorsque la nappe de guidage flexible est posée sur une surface courbe (par exemple bombée), sa déformation lui permet d’épouser cette surface courbe. La nappe de guidage flexible présente une faible épaisseur telle que sa propriété de souplesse/ flexibilité est préservée. [0041] By “flexible guide sheet” is meant the fact that the flexible guide sheet can be deformed to take a predetermined shape. For example, when the flexible guide sheet is placed on a curved surface (for example curved), its deformation allows it to match this curved surface. The flexible guide sheet has a small thickness such that its flexibility/flexibility property is preserved.
[0042] Selon un aspect de l’invention, la nappe de guidage flexible présente une face d’émission lumineuse émettant la lumière extraite par le ou les éléments de découplage optique. [0042] According to one aspect of the invention, the flexible guide sheet has a light emission face emitting the light extracted by the optical decoupling element(s).
[0043] Dans un aspect selon l’invention, cette face d’émission lumineuse présente une dimension maximale mesurée entre deux points les plus éloignés de cette face d’émission, dimension maximale qui est au moins 10 fois plus grande que l’épaisseur du film, notamment au moins 100 ou 1 000 fois plus grande que l’épaisseur du film. [0043] In one aspect according to the invention, this light emission face has a maximum dimension measured between two points furthest from this emission face, maximum dimension which is at least 10 times greater than the thickness of the film, in particular at least 100 or 1,000 times greater than the thickness of the film.
[0044] Par exemple, cette dimension maximale de la face d’émission lumineuse est de 10 cm, et l’épaisseur du film est de 200 pm, ce qui représente un facteur de 500 entre ces deux dimensions. [0044] For example, this maximum dimension of the light emission face is 10 cm, and the thickness of the film is 200 μm, which represents a factor of 500 between these two dimensions.
[0045] Selon un aspect de l’invention, la face d’émission lumineuse peut présenter des formes et dimensions diverses. Cette face d’émission lumineuse peut par exemple être de forme polygonale, carré ou rectangle par exemple. Cette face d’émission lumineuse peut présenter une forme en 2 dimensions (2D) ou trois dimensions (3D). [0045] According to one aspect of the invention, the light emitting face can have various shapes and dimensions. This light emission face can for example be polygonal, square or rectangular in shape for example. This light emitting face can have a shape in 2 dimensions (2D) or three dimensions (3D).
[0046] Selon un aspect de l’invention, la nappe de guidage flexible est transparente en l’absence de lumière guidée en son sein. [0047] Dans un aspect selon l’invention, les éléments de découplage optique sont formés de microstructures. [0046] According to one aspect of the invention, the flexible guide sheet is transparent in the absence of guided light within it. [0047] In one aspect according to the invention, the optical decoupling elements are formed of microstructures.
[0048] Dans la suite de la description, les éléments de découplages optiques seront appelés indifféremment élément de découplage optique ou microstructure. [0048] In the remainder of the description, the optical decoupling elements will be called indifferently optical decoupling element or microstructure.
[0049] Selon un aspect de l’invention, le ou les éléments de découplage optique sont transparents en l’absence de lumière guidée dans la nappe de guidage flexible. [0049] According to one aspect of the invention, the optical decoupling element(s) are transparent in the absence of guided light in the flexible guide sheet.
[0050] Selon un aspect de l’invention, le ou les éléments de découplage optique sont configuré pour réfléchir la lumière de manière directionnelle, notamment suivant un angle sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face d’émission de la nappe de guidage flexible. [0050] According to one aspect of the invention, the optical decoupling element(s) are configured to reflect the light in a directional manner, in particular at an angle substantially perpendicular to the emission face of the flexible guide sheet.
[0051] Selon un aspect de l’invention, une pluralité d’éléments de découplage optique sont réalisés sur le film formant le cœur de la nappe de guidage flexible. [0051] According to one aspect of the invention, a plurality of optical decoupling elements are produced on the film forming the heart of the flexible guide sheet.
[0052] Salon un aspect de l’invention, les éléments de découplage optique peuvent de diverses formes et/ou tailles. [0052] In one aspect of the invention, the optical decoupling elements can be of various shapes and/or sizes.
[0053] Selon un aspect de l’invention, chaque élément de découplage optique s’étend sur le film suivant une dimension maximale inférieure à 200 pm, notamment inférieure ou égale à 100 pm, notamment une dimension inférieure ou égale à 50 pm. Par exemple, chaque élément de découplage optique est un picot ou une bosse présentant un diamètre d’environ 50 pm et une hauteur de 1 à 2 pm. [0053] According to one aspect of the invention, each optical decoupling element extends over the film along a maximum dimension less than 200 pm, in particular less than or equal to 100 pm, in particular a dimension less than or equal to 50 pm. For example, each optical decoupling element is a pin or a bump having a diameter of approximately 50 pm and a height of 1 to 2 pm.
[0054] Selon un aspect de l’invention, chaque élément de découplage optique présente un pourtour circulaire ou polygonal, par exemple en triangle, carré, losange ou rectangle. [0054] According to one aspect of the invention, each optical decoupling element has a circular or polygonal periphery, for example in a triangle, square, diamond or rectangle.
[0055] Selon un aspect de l’invention, chaque élément de découplage optique sur le film est formé par une facette inclinée ou incurvée ou une facette rugueuse, réalisée par exemple par découpe ou par moulage ou par ablation par exemple au laser. [0055] According to one aspect of the invention, each optical decoupling element on the film is formed by an inclined or curved facet or a rough facet, produced for example by cutting or by molding or by ablation for example by laser.
[0056] Selon un aspect de l’invention, les éléments de découplage optique, formant des microstructures, sont disposés suivant un motif, de sorte à former, lorsque de la lumière est injectée dans la structure lumineuse, un dessin, par exemple logo, un ou plusieurs caractères d’écriture, une image, un symbole ou autre élément décoratif. [0056] According to one aspect of the invention, the optical decoupling elements, forming microstructures, are arranged in a pattern, so as to form, when light is injected into the light structure, a design, for example a logo, one or more writing characters, an image, a symbol or other decorative element.
[0057] Selon un aspect de l’invention, les éléments de découplage optique peuvent être obtenus par gravure par impression ultraviolet. [0057] According to one aspect of the invention, the optical decoupling elements can be obtained by etching by ultraviolet printing.
[0058] Selon un aspect de l’invention, les éléments de découplage optique, permettent d’assurer une transparence élevée du film. En particulier, une transparence de l’ordre de 97% peut être obtenue en pratique par l’utilisation de ces microstructures. En variante, le film peut être semi-transparente. Toutefois un degré de transparence élevé est préféré selon l’invention, notamment supérieur à 80%. [0058] According to one aspect of the invention, the optical decoupling elements ensure high transparency of the film. In particular, a transparency of around 97% can be obtained in practice by the use of these microstructures. Alternatively, the film may be semi-transparent. However, a high degree of transparency is preferred according to the invention, in particular greater than 80%.
[0059] Les éléments de découplage optique, ou microstructures, peuvent être répartis avec une densité qui varie, notamment augmente, en fonction de la distance par rapport à l’injection de lumière dans le film. Par exemple, plus les microstructures sont éloignées de l’injection de lumière, plus elles sont densément réparties. Une telle répartition permet avantageusement d’assurer une répartition homogène de l’intensité lumineuse sur toute l’étendue du film. The optical decoupling elements, or microstructures, can be distributed with a density which varies, in particular increases, as a function of the distance from the injection of light into the film. For example, the further away the microstructures are from the injection of light, the more densely they are distributed. Such a distribution advantageously makes it possible to ensure a homogeneous distribution of the light intensity over the entire extent of the film.
[0060] Selon un aspect de l’invention, les éléments de découplages optiques sont intégrés dans le film. [0060] According to one aspect of the invention, the optical decoupling elements are integrated into the film.
[0061] Dans un aspect selon l’invention, film est en polycarbonate (PC), ou en polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA), ou en polyuréthane thermoplastique (TUP), ou en polytéréphtalate d’éthylène (PET). [0061] In one aspect according to the invention, the film is made of polycarbonate (PC), or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or thermoplastic polyurethane (TUP), or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
[0062] D’une manière générale, le matériau du film est un thermoplastique, un thermodurcissable, un polymère, un silicone à haute transmission, un verre, un composite, un alliage ou tout autre matériau approprié pour la transmission de la lumière. [0062] Generally speaking, the material of the film is a thermoplastic, a thermosetting material, a polymer, a high transmission silicone, a glass, a composite, an alloy or any other material suitable for the transmission of light.
[0063] Dans un aspect selon l’invention, l’une au moins des couches adjacentes au film est une couche adhésive qui comporte un adhésif optiquement transparent (ou OCA en anglais pour « Optical Clear Adhesive »). [0064] De préférence, cet adhésif est choisi transparent et présente un indice de réfraction différent de celui du film de façon à permettre une réflexion totale interne dans le film. [0063] In one aspect according to the invention, at least one of the layers adjacent to the film is an adhesive layer which comprises an optically transparent adhesive (or OCA in English for “Optical Clear Adhesive”). Preferably, this adhesive is chosen transparent and has a refractive index different from that of the film so as to allow total internal reflection in the film.
[0065] Dans un aspect selon l’invention, l’une au moins des couches adjacentes au film sont des couches de protection, qui permettent de protéger mécaniquement le film. [0065] In one aspect according to the invention, at least one of the layers adjacent to the film are protective layers, which make it possible to mechanically protect the film.
[0066] Dans un aspect selon l’invention, chaque face du film est adjacente avec une couche adhésive, elle-même adjacentes avec une couche de protection. [0066] In one aspect according to the invention, each face of the film is adjacent with an adhesive layer, itself adjacent with a protective layer.
[0067] En outre, l’une des couches de protection au moins peut comprendre un traitement anti-UV, permettant de protéger le film flexible contre les rayons UV, une fois que les éléments de découplage optique, ou microstructures, ont été gravés. Sans une telle protection UV, le motif projeté par le film est susceptible de se dégrader avec le temps, notamment lorsqu’il est exposé aux rayons du soleil. [0067] In addition, at least one of the protective layers may include an anti-UV treatment, making it possible to protect the flexible film against UV rays, once the optical decoupling elements, or microstructures, have been etched. Without such UV protection, the pattern projected by the film is likely to degrade over time, particularly when exposed to sunlight.
[0068] Par exemple, le film et les différentes couches peuvent être assemblés par lamination. [0068] For example, the film and the different layers can be assembled by lamination.
[0069] Selon un aspect de l’invention, les structures lumineuse et chauffante sont assemblées ensemble par surmoulage ou par l’intermédiaire d’une couche d’adhésif. [0069] According to one aspect of the invention, the light and heating structures are assembled together by overmolding or via a layer of adhesive.
[0070] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, les électrodes et la couche résistive de la structure chauffante sont portées sur un substrat réalisé dans un matériau souple capable de prendre une forme prédéterminée par déformation, ce substrat étant notamment également extensible. [0070] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the electrodes and the resistive layer of the heating structure are carried on a substrate made of a flexible material capable of taking a predetermined shape by deformation, this substrate being in particular also extensible.
[0071] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le substrat est de type textile, tissé ou tricoté, ou de type non-tissé. [0071] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the substrate is of textile type, woven or knitted, or of non-woven type.
[0072] Ce non-tissé peut comporter un mélange de fibres en polypropylène et/ou de fibres en polyester. D’autres fibres peuvent être utilisées, par exemple des fibres naturelles. [0072] This nonwoven may comprise a mixture of polypropylene fibers and/or polyester fibers. Other fibers can be used, for example natural fibers.
[0073] Les fils formant le substrat peuvent être extensibles, ou non. [0074] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le substrat peut être une feuille de plastique souple ou une mousse telle que le TPU (thermoplastique polyuréthane). [0073] The wires forming the substrate may or may not be extensible. [0074] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the substrate can be a sheet of flexible plastic or a foam such as TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane).
[0075] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le substrat présente une superficie d’au moins 10 cm2, ou d’au moins 50 cm2, ou d’au moins 500 cm2 au moins. [0075] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the substrate has a surface area of at least 10 cm2, or at least 50 cm2, or at least 500 cm2 at least.
[0076] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, les électrodes sont réalisées en matériau conducteur, notamment métallique tel que de l’encre chargée de particules conductrices, notamment de particules d’argent ou de cuivre. [0076] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the electrodes are made of conductive material, in particular metallic such as ink loaded with conductive particles, in particular silver or copper particles.
[0077] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, les électrodes sont des rubans adhésifs métalliques, par exemple en cuivre. [0077] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the electrodes are metallic adhesive tapes, for example made of copper.
[0078] L’invention concerne également un ensemble de face avant de véhicule, comportant : [0078] The invention also relates to a vehicle front panel assembly, comprising:
- au moins un capteur, - at least one sensor,
- un organe de protection extérieure tel que décrit plus haut, placé devant le capteur. - an external protection device as described above, placed in front of the sensor.
[0079] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le capteur ayant une zone active par laquelle des ondes électromagnétiques et/ou sonores sont émises et/ou reçues, l’organe de protection, notamment le panneau, est placé devant cette zone active du capteur. [0079] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the sensor having an active zone through which electromagnetic and/or sound waves are emitted and/or received, the protection member, in particular the panel, is placed in front of this active area of the sensor.
[0080] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le capteur peut être un lidar (correspondant en anglais à « Light detection and ranging »), à savoir un dispositif de mesure de distance fondée sur l'analyse des propriétés d'un faisceau de lumière renvoyé vers son émetteur. En variante, le capteur peut être un radar, notamment opérant à une fréquence comprise entre 76 à 81 Gigahertz. Selon un autre des aspects de l’invention, le capteur peut être une association d’un radar et d’un lidar, éventuellement couplés à une caméra infrarouge. [0080] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the sensor can be a lidar (corresponding in English to “Light detection and ranging”), namely a distance measuring device based on the analysis of the properties of a beam of light returned to its transmitter. Alternatively, the sensor can be a radar, in particular operating at a frequency between 76 to 81 Gigahertz. According to another aspect of the invention, the sensor can be a combination of a radar and a lidar, possibly coupled to an infrared camera.
[0081] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’organe de protection peut être dédié à plusieurs capteurs du véhicule. [0081] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the protection member can be dedicated to several sensors of the vehicle.
[0082] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’organe de protection, notamment le panneau, comprend des éléments de fixation du panneau sur le véhicule. [0083] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le panneau est plein, à savoir ne comporte pas de trous ou d’orifices sur sa face externe. [0082] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the protective member, in particular the panel, comprises elements for fixing the panel to the vehicle. [0083] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the panel is solid, i.e. does not have any holes or orifices on its external face.
[0084] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le panneau fait partie d’une carrosserie du véhicule. [0084] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the panel is part of a vehicle body.
[0085] L’invention a encore pour objet un véhicule automobile comportant un ensemble de face avant tel que décrit ci-dessus. [0085] The invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising a front panel assembly as described above.
[0086] D'autres caractéristiques, détails et avantages de l’invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description donnée ci-après à titre indicatif en relation avec des dessins dans lesquels : [0086] Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the description given below for information purposes in relation to the drawings in which:
[0087] - La figure 1 [Fig. 1] est une représentation schématique de la face avant d’un véhicule automobile équipé avec panneau de protection extérieure selon un exemple de réalisation de l’invention, [0087] - Figure 1 [Fig. 1] is a schematic representation of the front face of a motor vehicle equipped with an exterior protection panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention,
[0088] - La figure 2 [Fig. 2] est une représentation schématique, en coupe, du panneau de protection de la figure 1 ; [0088] - Figure 2 [Fig. 2] is a schematic representation, in section, of the protection panel of Figure 1;
[0089] - La figure 3 [Fig. 3] est une représentation schématique d’une structure lumineuse selon un exemple de réalisation de l’invention ; [0089] - Figure 3 [Fig. 3] is a schematic representation of a light structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
[0090] La figure 4 [Fig. 4] est une autre représentation schématique d’une structure lumineuse selon l’invention selon une vue du dessus ; [0090] Figure 4 [Fig. 4] is another schematic representation of a light structure according to the invention according to a top view;
[0091] La figure 5 [Fig. 5] est une autre représentation schématique d’une structure lumineuse selon l’invention selon une vue latérale ; [0091] Figure 5 [Fig. 5] is another schematic representation of a light structure according to the invention in a side view;
[0092] - La figure 6 [Fig. 6] est une représentation schématique d’une structure chauffante du dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage de la figure 2 ; [0092] - Figure 6 [Fig. 6] is a schematic representation of a heating structure of the heating and lighting device of Figure 2;
[0093] - La figure 7 [Fig. 7] est une représentation schématique, en coupe, d’un panneau de protection selon un autre exemple de réalisation de l’invention. [0093] - Figure 7 [Fig. 7] is a schematic representation, in section, of a protective panel according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
[0094] On a représenté, sur la figure 1 , un véhicule V avec un ensemble de face avant 100 comportant : [0094] We show, in Figure 1, a vehicle V with a front panel assembly 100 comprising:
- un capteur 101 , un organe de protection extérieure 102, sous la forme d’un panneau, placé devant le capteur 101 . - a sensor 101, an external protection member 102, in the form of a panel, placed in front of the sensor 101.
[0095] Le capteur 101 peut être un lidar (correspondant en anglais à « Light detection and ranging »), à savoir un dispositif de mesure de distance fondée sur l'analyse des propriétés d'un faisceau de lumière renvoyé vers son émetteur. En variante, le capteur 101 peut être un radar, opérant à une fréquence comprise entre 76 à 81 Gigahertz. [0095] The sensor 101 can be a lidar (corresponding in English to “Light detection and ranging”), namely a distance measuring device based on the analysis of the properties of a beam of light returned to its transmitter. Alternatively, the sensor 101 can be a radar, operating at a frequency between 76 to 81 Gigahertz.
[0096] Le capteur 101 présente une zone active 104 par laquelle des ondes électromagnétiques sont émises et/ou reçues, l’organe de protection 102, sous forme de panneau, est placé devant cette zone active 104 du capteur 101. [0096] The sensor 101 has an active zone 104 through which electromagnetic waves are emitted and/or received, the protection member 102, in the form of a panel, is placed in front of this active zone 104 of the sensor 101.
[0097] Dans l’exemple décrit, l’organe de protection 102 est dédié à un seul capteur 101 . En variante, l’organe de protection 102 peut être dédié à plusieurs capteurs du véhicule. [0097] In the example described, the protection member 102 is dedicated to a single sensor 101. Alternatively, the protection member 102 can be dedicated to several vehicle sensors.
[0098] Le panneau 102 comprend des éléments de fixation 105 du panneau 102 sur le véhicule V, par exemple sous la forme de crochets. The panel 102 comprises fixing elements 105 of the panel 102 on the vehicle V, for example in the form of hooks.
[0099] Dans l’exemple décrit, le panneau 102 est plein, à savoir ne comporte pas de trous ou d’orifices sur sa face externe 106. [0099] In the example described, the panel 102 is solid, i.e. does not have any holes or orifices on its external face 106.
[0100] Le panneau 102 fait partie d’une carrosserie du véhicule V, et peut être galbé ou plan. [0100] Panel 102 is part of a bodywork of vehicle V, and can be curved or flat.
[0101] Le panneau 102 s’étend entre deux éclairages avant 107 du véhicule, dans une zone centrale 108 d’une face avant 109 du véhicule. Le panneau est ici un élément de calandre avant du véhicule V, calandre qui est intercalé verticalement, entre le capot et le pare-chocs du véhicule. [0101] The panel 102 extends between two front lights 107 of the vehicle, in a central zone 108 of a front face 109 of the vehicle. The panel here is a front grille element of the vehicle V, a grille which is inserted vertically, between the hood and the bumper of the vehicle.
[0102] Le panneau 102 présente une dimension mesurée suivant une direction L passant par les deux éclairages avant, qui est d’au moins 10 cm, ou d’au moins 50 cm, ou d’au moins 80 cm ou 1 m. [0102] The panel 102 has a dimension measured in a direction L passing through the two front lights, which is at least 10 cm, or at least 50 cm, or at least 80 cm or 1 m.
[0103] Comme illustré sur la figure 2, l’organe de protection extérieure 102 comporte un dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage 1 comprenant, selon un empilement : une structure chauffante 7 configurée pour faire fondre une éventuelle accumulation de givre, de glace et/ou de neige devant le capteur 101 , une structure lumineuse 8 décrite plus bas. [0103] As illustrated in Figure 2, the external protection member 102 comprises a heating and lighting device 1 comprising, in a stack: a heating structure 7 configured to melt any accumulation of frost, ice and/or snow in front of the sensor 101, a luminous structure 8 described below.
[0104] Le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage 1 , et plus globalement l’organe de protection extérieure 102, présente une transparence vis-à-vis d’ondes électromagnétiques utilisées par le capteur 101 de sorte que ces ondes électromagnétiques puissent traverser le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage 1 . [0104] The heating and lighting device 1, and more generally the external protection member 102, presents transparency with respect to electromagnetic waves used by the sensor 101 so that these electromagnetic waves can pass through the heating and lighting device 1.
[0105] Le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage 1 comporte une face fonctionnelle 2 vers laquelle de la chaleur produite par la structure chauffante 7 et la lumière produite par la structure lumineuse 8 peuvent être envoyées, cette face fonctionnelle 2 étant en regard d’une face externe 106 de l’organe de protection extérieure 102, qui est à distance de cette face fonctionnelle 2. [0105] The heating and lighting device 1 comprises a functional face 2 towards which the heat produced by the heating structure 7 and the light produced by the luminous structure 8 can be sent, this functional face 2 being facing an external face 106 of the external protection member 102, which is at a distance from this functional face 2.
[0106] La face externe 106 de l’organe de protection 102 est celle qui est exposée à l’environnement extérieur du véhicule, face externel 06 qui est susceptible d’être recouverte par du givre, de la glace et/ou de la neige, que la structure chauffante 7 va faire fondre. [0106] The external face 106 of the protective member 102 is that which is exposed to the external environment of the vehicle, external face 06 which is likely to be covered by frost, ice and/or snow , which the heating structure 7 will melt.
[0107] L’organe de protection102 comporte une face interne plane 103 opposée à sa face externe 106, face interne 103 qui est tournée vers le capteur 101 devant lequel est placé l’organe de protection 102. [0107] The protective member 102 has a flat internal face 103 opposite its external face 106, internal face 103 which is turned towards the sensor 101 in front of which the protective member 102 is placed.
[0108] Le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage 1 comprend, en plus de la structure chauffante 7 et de la structure lumineuse 8, une couche de protection 9, notamment en polycarbonate (PC), ou en polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA), ou en silicone, cette couche de protection 9 se présentant sous la forme d’un film de protection. [0108] The heating and lighting device 1 comprises, in addition to the heating structure 7 and the lighting structure 8, a protective layer 9, in particular made of polycarbonate (PC), or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or silicone, this protective layer 9 being in the form of a protective film.
[0109] Cette couche de protection 9 est une couche d’extrémité, sur le dessus de l’empilement du dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage 1 , comme on peut le voir sur la figure 2. [0109] This protective layer 9 is an end layer, on top of the stack of the heating and lighting device 1, as can be seen in Figure 2.
[0110] La structure lumineuse 8 est interposée entre la structure chauffante 7 et cette couche de protection 9, avec entre elles, une couche adhésive 10 qui comporte un adhésif optiquement transparent, par exemple à base de silicone. [0111] Dans l’exemple décrit, le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage 1 est noyé dans un corps 12 en matière plastique transparente telle que du polycarbonate (PC), ou du polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA). [0110] The luminous structure 8 is interposed between the heating structure 7 and this protective layer 9, with between them, an adhesive layer 10 which comprises an optically transparent adhesive, for example based on silicone. [0111] In the example described, the heating and lighting device 1 is embedded in a body 12 of transparent plastic material such as polycarbonate (PC), or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
[0112] La face externe 106 de l’organe de protection 102 est formée sur ce corps 12. [0112] The external face 106 of the protection member 102 is formed on this body 12.
[0113] Le dispositif de chauffage et d’éclairage 1 s’étend sur une étendue du panneau 102 choisie de sorte que l’affichage lumineux 200 par la structure lumineuse 8 occupe au moins 5%, ou au moins 20%, ou au moins 50% de la superficie du panneau 102. [0113] The heating and lighting device 1 extends over an area of the panel 102 chosen so that the light display 200 by the light structure 8 occupies at least 5%, or at least 20%, or at least 50% of the area of panel 102.
[0114] Dans l’exemple décrit, la structure chauffante 7 et la structure lumineuse 8 sont réalisées comme deux couches distinctes et assemblées ensemble. [0114] In the example described, the heating structure 7 and the lighting structure 8 are produced as two distinct layers and assembled together.
[0115] La structure lumineuse selon l’invention est représentée sur les figures 3 à 5. [0115] The light structure according to the invention is shown in Figures 3 to 5.
[0116] La lumière visible émise par la structure lumineuse 8 est une lumière visible par l’œil humain. [0116] The visible light emitted by the light structure 8 is light visible to the human eye.
[0117] On a représenté sur la figure 3 la structure lumineuse 8 comportant une nappe de guidage flexible 110, ladite nappe comprenant un film 111 en son cœur. Ce film 111 est apte à recevoir des rayons lumineux par une tranche d’injection de lumière 114 et à renvoyer les rayons lumineux dans la direction selon l’axe Ox sensiblement perpendiculaire à la surface de la nappe de guidage flexible 111 par une face d’émission lumineuse émettant la lumière. [0117] Figure 3 shows the light structure 8 comprising a flexible guide sheet 110, said sheet comprising a film 111 at its heart. This film 111 is able to receive light rays through a light injection edge 114 and to return the light rays in the direction along the axis Ox substantially perpendicular to the surface of the flexible guide sheet 111 through a face of light emission emitting light.
[0118] On entend par nappe de guidage flexible, un élément de guidage optique dont l’une des dimensions est très inférieure aux deux autres dimensions dans l’espace, par exemple inférieure d’un ou plusieurs ordres de grandeur. On considère ici une nappe de guidage flexible dont l’épaisseur selon l’axe Ox est inférieure d’au moins deux ordres de grandeur à ses dimensions selon le plan Oxy dans lequel la nappe de guidage flexible 110 s’étend. [0118] The term flexible guide sheet means an optical guide element of which one of the dimensions is much smaller than the other two dimensions in space, for example smaller by one or more orders of magnitude. We consider here a flexible guide sheet whose thickness along the axis Ox is at least two orders of magnitude less than its dimensions along the plane Oxy in which the flexible guide sheet 110 extends.
[0119] Le film 111 comprend un ensemble d’éléments de découplage optique 113 formés par des microstructures sur une des faces du film 111 s’étendant selon l’axe Oy. Les microstructures 113 aptes à renvoyer les rayons lumineux guidés dans le film flexible 111 en dehors de la nappe de guidage flexible 110, notamment dans une direction selon l’axe Ox perpendiculaire à la surface de la nappe 110. [0119] The film 111 comprises a set of optical decoupling elements 113 formed by microstructures on one of the faces of the film 111 extending along the axis Oy. The microstructures 113 capable of returning the guided light rays in the flexible film 111 outside the flexible guide sheet 110, in particular in a direction along the axis Ox perpendicular to the surface of the sheet 110.
[0120] Le film est en polycarbonate (PC), ou en polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA), ou en polyuréthane thermoplastique (TUP), ou en polytéréphtalate d’éthylène (PET). [0120] The film is made of polycarbonate (PC), or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or thermoplastic polyurethane (TUP), or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
[0121] Le film flexible 111 peut avoir une épaisseur, à savoir la dimension selon l’axe Ox, comprise entre 10 et 1000 pm. Plus précisément, l’épaisseur du film flexible 111 peut être comprise entre 50 et 1000 pm, par exemple entre 100 et 500 pm, de préférence de 150 pm. En variante, c’est la nappe de guidage flexible 110 qui a une épaisseur comprise 10 et 1000 pm. Plus précisément, l’épaisseur du film flexible 111 peut être comprise entre 50 et 1000 micromètres, par exemple entre 100 et 500 micromètres, de préférence de 150 pm. [0121] The flexible film 111 can have a thickness, namely the dimension along the axis Ox, of between 10 and 1000 pm. More precisely, the thickness of the flexible film 111 can be between 50 and 1000 pm, for example between 100 and 500 pm, preferably 150 pm. Alternatively, it is the flexible guide sheet 110 which has a thickness between 10 and 1000 pm. More precisely, the thickness of the flexible film 111 can be between 50 and 1000 micrometers, for example between 100 and 500 micrometers, preferably 150 μm.
[0122] Les matériaux précités, associés à une épaisseur faible comme décrite ci- dessus, permettent l’obtention d’un film flexible et transparent 111. D’autres matériaux peuvent être prévus pour la composition du film flexible 111. Il est toutefois préférable selon l’invention de prévoir des matériaux déformables et transparents. [0122] The aforementioned materials, associated with a low thickness as described above, make it possible to obtain a flexible and transparent film 111. Other materials can be provided for the composition of the flexible film 111. However, it is preferable according to the invention to provide deformable and transparent materials.
[0123] La nappe de guidage flexible 110 comprend en outre une ou deux couches de protection 112.1 et 112.2, qui permettent de protéger mécaniquement le film flexible 111 . En outre, les couches de protection 112.1 et 112.2 peuvent comprendre un traitement anti-UV, permettant de protéger le film flexible 110 contre les rayons UV, une fois que les microstructures 113 ont été gravées. Sans une telle protection UV, le motif projeté par la nappe de guidage flexible 110 est susceptible de se dégrader avec le temps, notamment lorsqu’il est exposé aux rayons du soleil. [0123] The flexible guide sheet 110 further comprises one or two protective layers 112.1 and 112.2, which make it possible to mechanically protect the flexible film 111. In addition, the protective layers 112.1 and 112.2 may include an anti-UV treatment, making it possible to protect the flexible film 110 against UV rays, once the microstructures 113 have been etched. Without such UV protection, the pattern projected by the flexible guide sheet 110 is likely to degrade over time, particularly when exposed to the sun's rays.
[0124] La nappe de guidage 110 étant flexible, elle n’est pas nécessairement comprise dans un plan mais peut être incurvée ou galbée, selon la position dans laquelle elle est placée et les contraintes mécaniques qui lui sont appliquées. [0125] La propagation des rayons lumineux dans le film flexible 111 est faite par la réflexion totale interne grâce à la différence entre l’indice de réfraction du film flexible 111 et celui d’au moins une couche adjacente, ici d’une couche adhésive appliquée sur au moins une face du film flexible. [0124] The guide sheet 110 being flexible, it is not necessarily included in a plane but can be curved or curved, depending on the position in which it is placed and the mechanical constraints applied to it. [0125] The propagation of light rays in the flexible film 111 is made by total internal reflection thanks to the difference between the refractive index of the flexible film 111 and that of at least one adjacent layer, here an adhesive layer applied to at least one side of the flexible film.
[0126] Dans l’exemple illustré, l’assemblage du film flexible 111 avec les couches adjacentes 112.1 , 112.2 est fait par collage. Précisément, une couche adhésive[0126] In the example illustrated, the assembly of the flexible film 111 with the adjacent layers 112.1, 112.2 is done by gluing. Precisely, an adhesive layer
115.1 , 115.2, ici une couche de colle, se trouve entre le film flexible 111 et chaque couche adjacente 112.1 , 112.2, et ce sur les deux côtés du film flexible 111 pour faire adhérer les couches adjacentes 112.1 , 112.2 au film flexible 111. 115.1, 115.2, here a layer of glue, is located between the flexible film 111 and each adjacent layer 112.1, 112.2, on both sides of the flexible film 111 to adhere the adjacent layers 112.1, 112.2 to the flexible film 111.
[0127] La colle choisie est transparente et présente un indice de réfraction différent de celui du film flexible de façon à permettre une réflexion totale interne dans le film flexible 111. Autrement dit, par la différence d’indice de réfraction, les rayons lumineux se propageant dans le film flexible subissent une réflexion totale lors de sa rencontre avec l’interface entre le film flexible et la couche de colle avec un angle d'incidence inférieur à l’incidence normale. Ainsi, la nappe de guidage 110 est apte à guider de la lumière par réflexion interne totale de cette lumière, par exemple d’une zone d’entrée, ici de la tranche 114, à une zone de sortie. [0127] The glue chosen is transparent and has a refractive index different from that of the flexible film so as to allow total internal reflection in the flexible film 111. In other words, by the difference in refractive index, the light rays are propagating in the flexible film undergo a total reflection when it meets the interface between the flexible film and the glue layer with an angle of incidence lower than the normal incidence. Thus, the guide sheet 110 is able to guide light by total internal reflection of this light, for example from an entry zone, here from the slice 114, to an exit zone.
[0128] Dans l’exemple considéré, les couches adjacentes 112.1 , 112.2 peuvent être les couches 7 et 9 décrites plus haut. En variante, les couches adjacentes[0128] In the example considered, the adjacent layers 112.1, 112.2 can be layers 7 and 9 described above. Alternatively, adjacent layers
112.1 , 112.2 peuvent être des couches propres à la structure lumineuse 8 et l’empilement global comprend des couches 7 et 9 comme couches additionnelles qui sont assemblées avec la structure lumineuse 8. 112.1, 112.2 may be layers specific to the light structure 8 and the overall stack includes layers 7 and 9 as additional layers which are assembled with the light structure 8.
[0129] Un revêtement d’éléments de découplage optique 113 formés par des microstructures peut être rapporté sur l’une des faces du film flexible 111 , notamment le face d’émission lumineuse, ou être intégré dans le film flexible 111. Le revêtement de microstructures 113 peut notamment avoir une épaisseur selon l’axe Ox inférieure à 20 micromètres. Ces éléments de découplage optique sont configurés 113 pour réfléchir la lumière de manière directionnelle, notamment suivant un angle sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face d’émission de la nappe de guidage flexible 110. [0130] De telles microstructures 113 ont par exemple une forme générale de bosse, sur laquelle les rayons lumineux se réfléchissent dans une direction selon l’axe Ox. De telles microstructures 113 sont aptes à ce que les rayons lumineux sortant du film flexible 111 forment un motif. A cet effet, les microstructures 113 sont par exemple gravées par impression ultraviolet, de manière à renvoyer les rayons lumineux au travers de la surface du film flexible selon le motif souhaité. Par exemple, les microstructures 113 sont réparties de manière à projeter une lumière homogène sur l’ensemble de la surface du film flexible 111 . On parle alors de motif homogène dans ce qui suit. [0129] A coating of optical decoupling elements 113 formed by microstructures can be attached to one of the faces of the flexible film 111, in particular the light emission face, or be integrated into the flexible film 111. The coating of microstructures 113 may in particular have a thickness along the Ox axis of less than 20 micrometers. These optical decoupling elements are configured 113 to reflect the light in a directional manner, in particular at an angle substantially perpendicular to the emission face of the flexible guide sheet 110. [0130] Such microstructures 113 have for example a general bump shape, on which the light rays are reflected in a direction along the axis Ox. Such microstructures 113 are capable of causing the light rays emerging from the flexible film 111 to form a pattern. For this purpose, the microstructures 113 are for example engraved by ultraviolet printing, so as to reflect the light rays through the surface of the flexible film according to the desired pattern. For example, the microstructures 113 are distributed so as to project a homogeneous light over the entire surface of the flexible film 111. We then speak of a homogeneous pattern in what follows.
[0131] On entend par microstructures 113 des structures, ou irrégularités du film flexible, dont les dimensions sont inférieures à quelques micromètres. Les microstructures couvrent ainsi également des structures nanométriques. De telles tailles de microstructures 113 permettent d’assurer une transparence élevée du film flexible 111. En particulier, une transparence de l’ordre de 97% peut être obtenue en pratique par l’utilisation de microstructures 113. [0131] By microstructures 113 we mean structures, or irregularities of the flexible film, the dimensions of which are less than a few micrometers. Microstructures thus also cover nanometric structures. Such sizes of microstructures 113 make it possible to ensure high transparency of the flexible film 111. In particular, transparency of the order of 97% can be obtained in practice by the use of microstructures 113.
[0132] Avantageusement, les microstructures 113 peuvent être réparties selon l’axe Oy de manière à ce que la densité linéique de microstructures 113 soit proportionnelle à la distance par rapport à la tranche d’injection de lumière 114 par laquelle sont reçus les rayons lumineux injectés par un élément d’injection 120. Autrement dit, plus les microstructures 113 sont éloignées de la tranche d’injection de lumière 114, plus elles sont densément regroupées. Une telle répartition permet avantageusement d’assurer une répartition homogène selon l’axe L de l’intensité lumineuse du motif émis par la nappe de guidage flexible 110. [0132] Advantageously, the microstructures 113 can be distributed along the axis Oy so that the linear density of microstructures 113 is proportional to the distance relative to the light injection section 114 through which the light rays are received. injected by an injection element 120. In other words, the further away the microstructures 113 are from the light injection slice 114, the more densely they are grouped together. Such a distribution advantageously makes it possible to ensure a homogeneous distribution along the axis L of the light intensity of the pattern emitted by the flexible guide sheet 110.
[0133] Comme illustré sur la figure 4, le film flexible 111 peut comprendre une zone de mixage 111 .2 et une zone d’émission lumineuse 111.1 pourvue des microstructures 113. La zone de mixage 111.2 est disposée en amont de la zone d’émission lumineuse selon le sens de propagation des rayons lumineux au sein de la nappe de guidage 110. La zone d’émission lumineuse 111.1 est intégrée dans une région 1110 de la nappe 110. La lumière injectée dans la nappe de guidage de lumière 110 via la tranche 114 va être mélangée dans la région de mixage de la lumière 111.2 afin d’obtenir une meilleure homogénéité lumineuse. La lumière se propage ensuite dans la zone d’émission de lumière 111.1 par laquelle la lumière ressort de la nappe de guidage de lumière 110 selon la direction Ox. [0133] As illustrated in Figure 4, the flexible film 111 can comprise a mixing zone 111.2 and a light emission zone 111.1 provided with microstructures 113. The mixing zone 111.2 is arranged upstream of the light emission zone 111.2. light emission according to the direction of propagation of the light rays within the guide sheet 110. The light emission zone 111.1 is integrated into a region 1110 of the sheet 110. The light injected into the light guide sheet 110 via the slice 114 will be mixed in the light mixing region 111.2 in order to obtain better light homogeneity. The light then propagates in the light emission zone 111.1 through which the light emerges from the light guide sheet 110 in the direction Ox.
[0134] La structure lumineuse 8 comprend : [0134] The light structure 8 comprises:
- au moins un groupe 120 d’éléments d’injection de lumière 120.1 , et- at least one group 120 of light injection elements 120.1, and
- une nappe de guidage de lumière 110 formant un film surfacique flexible. - a light guide sheet 110 forming a flexible surface film.
[0135] Le groupe 120 et les éléments d’injection de lumière 120.1 sont représentés sur les figures 4 et 5. [0135] Group 120 and light injection elements 120.1 are shown in Figures 4 and 5.
[0136] Les éléments d’injection de lumière forment des bandes. [0136] The light injection elements form bands.
[0137] Dans un mode de réalisation non limitatif, lorsqu’il y a plusieurs groupes 120, le nombre de groupes 120 est compris entre deux et vingt. Lorsqu’il y a plusieurs groupes 120, chaque groupe 120 est configuré pour illuminer une région 1110 différente dans la nappe de guidage de lumière 110. On entend par illuminer un acte de transmettre ou injecter de la lumière dans une région définie. [0137] In a non-limiting embodiment, when there are several groups 120, the number of groups 120 is between two and twenty. When there are several groups 120, each group 120 is configured to illuminate a different region 1110 in the light guide sheet 110. By illuminating is meant an act of transmitting or injecting light into a defined region.
[0138] Un groupe 120 comprend un ou plusieurs éléments d’injection de lumière[0138] A group 120 comprises one or more light injection elements
120.1 . Dans cet exemple, un groupe 120 comprend plusieurs éléments d’injection de lumière 120.1 . Le nombre d’éléments d’injection de lumière 120.1 pouvant être compris dans un groupe est alors compris entre trois et dix. Plus particulièrement, dans l’exemple des figures 4 à 6, la nappe de guidage flexible 11 comprend un groupe 120 avec dix éléments d’injection de lumière 120.1 . 120.1. In this example, a group 120 comprises several light injection elements 120.1. The number of light injection elements 120.1 that can be included in a group is then between three and ten. More particularly, in the example of Figures 4 to 6, the flexible guide sheet 11 comprises a group 120 with ten light injection elements 120.1.
[0139] Le groupe 120 est couplé avec au moins une source de lumière 20 de façon à recevoir les rayons lumineux R émis par ladite source dans chacun des éléments d’injection de lumière. [0139] The group 120 is coupled with at least one light source 20 so as to receive the light rays R emitted by said source in each of the light injection elements.
[0140] Etant donné que les éléments d’injection de lumière sont venus de matière avec la nappe de guidage de lumière 110, les rayons lumineux R qui vont se propager par réflexion totale interne dans les éléments d’injection de lumière[0140] Given that the light injection elements are made integrally with the light guide sheet 110, the light rays R which will propagate by total internal reflection in the light injection elements
120.1 du groupe 110 de sorte à amener de la lumière jusqu’à la nappe de guidage de lumière 110 qui est adjacente et attachée aux éléments d’injection de lumière 120.1 et qui va ainsi illuminer la ou les régions 1 110 de la nappe de guidage de lumière 110. 120.1 of group 110 so as to bring light to the light guide sheet 110 which is adjacent and attached to the light injection elements 120.1 and which will thus illuminate the region(s) 1110 of the light guide sheet 110.
[0141] Tel qu’illustré sur les figures 4 et 5, un élément d’injection de lumière 120.1 , autrement appelé barre de couplage 120.1 , ou barre de lumière 120.1 , ou tout simplement barre 120.1 , est configuré pour recevoir les rayons lumineux R émis par la source de lumière 20 qui se propagent et sont réfléchis en totalité dans ledit élément d’injection de lumière 120.1. L’élément d’injection de lumière 120.1 est de section carrée. [0141] As illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, a light injection element 120.1, otherwise called coupling bar 120.1, or light bar 120.1, or simply bar 120.1, is configured to receive the light rays R emitted by the light source 20 which propagate and are reflected entirely in said light injection element 120.1. The light injection element 120.1 has a square section.
[0142] La figure 5 illustre la nappe de guidage flexible de la figure 2 avec les éléments d’injection de lumière 120.1 du groupe 120 qui sont dépliés. Sur la figure 3, l’élément d’injection de lumière 120.1 comprend une longueur Lh et une largeur W. Dans un mode de réalisation non limitatif, la longueur Lh est comprise entre 100 et 500 mm (millimètres). Dans un mode de réalisation non limitatif, la largeur W est comprise entre 1 et 20 mm. [0142] Figure 5 illustrates the flexible guide sheet of Figure 2 with the light injection elements 120.1 of group 120 which are unfolded. In Figure 3, the light injection element 120.1 comprises a length Lh and a width W. In a non-limiting embodiment, the length Lh is between 100 and 500 mm (millimeters). In a non-limiting embodiment, the width W is between 1 and 20 mm.
[0143] Nous allons maintenant décrire, plus en détail, la structure chauffante 7. [0143] We will now describe the heating structure 7 in more detail.
[0144] Comme illustré sur la figure 6, cette structure chauffante 7 comprend une couche résistive 51 agencée pour produire de la chaleur lorsque cette couche est parcourue par un courant électrique. [0144] As illustrated in Figure 6, this heating structure 7 comprises a resistive layer 51 arranged to produce heat when this layer is passed through by an electric current.
[0145] La structure chauffante 7 comprend en outre deux électrodes de distribution 52, qui sont en contact électrique avec la couche résistive 51 de manière à permettre à un courant électrique de circuler à travers la couche résistive 51 entre ces deux électrodes 52. [0145] The heating structure 7 further comprises two distribution electrodes 52, which are in electrical contact with the resistive layer 51 so as to allow an electric current to flow through the resistive layer 51 between these two electrodes 52.
[0146] Ces électrodes 52 présentent des tronçons 53 parallèles entre lesquels se trouve la couche résistive 51 , et des tronçons transversaux 54 qui sont connectés à des fils d’alimentation électriques 55. [0146] These electrodes 52 have parallel sections 53 between which the resistive layer 51 is located, and transverse sections 54 which are connected to electrical power supply wires 55.
[0147] Les électrodes 52 et la couche résistive 51 sont portées sur un substrat 58 réalisé dans un matériau souple capable de prendre une forme prédéterminée par déformation, ce substrat étant notamment également extensible. [0147] The electrodes 52 and the resistive layer 51 are carried on a substrate 58 made of a flexible material capable of taking a predetermined shape by deformation, this substrate being in particular also extensible.
[0148] Les électrodes 52 sont déposées sur le substrat 58 par impression, sérigraphie ou lamination de plusieurs matériaux. [0149] Les électrodes 52 sont réalisées en matériau conducteur, notamment métallique tel que de l’encre chargée de particules conductrices, notamment de particules d’argent ou de cuivre. [0148] The electrodes 52 are deposited on the substrate 58 by printing, screen printing or lamination of several materials. [0149] The electrodes 52 are made of conductive material, in particular metallic such as ink loaded with conductive particles, in particular silver or copper particles.
[0150] Par ailleurs, la couche résistive 51 est déposée sur le substrat par impression, sérigraphie ou lamination de plusieurs matériaux. [0150] Furthermore, the resistive layer 51 is deposited on the substrate by printing, screen printing or lamination of several materials.
[0151] La couche résistive 51 est présente sur une face du substrat 58, en regard de la structure lumineuse 8. [0151] The resistive layer 51 is present on one face of the substrate 58, facing the light structure 8.
[0152] Le substrat 58 est de type textile, tissé ou tricoté, ou de type non-tissé. [0152] The substrate 58 is of textile type, woven or knitted, or of non-woven type.
[0153] Le non-tissé peut comporter un mélange de fibres en polypropylène et/ou de fibres en polyester. D’autres fibres peuvent être utilisées, par exemple des fibres naturelles. [0153] The nonwoven may comprise a mixture of polypropylene fibers and/or polyester fibers. Other fibers can be used, for example natural fibers.
[0154] En variante, le substrat 58 peut être une feuille de plastique souple ou une mousse telle que le TPU (thermoplastique polyuréthane). [0154] Alternatively, the substrate 58 may be a sheet of flexible plastic or a foam such as TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane).
[0155] Le substrat 58 présente une épaisseur inférieure à 1 cm ou 10 mm, et une superficie d’au moins 10 cm2, ou d’au moins 50 cm2, ou d’au moins 500 cm2 au moins. Avantageusement, l’épaisseur du substrat 58 est inférieure à 5 mm, de préférence inférieure à 2 mm, borne incluse. [0155] The substrate 58 has a thickness of less than 1 cm or 10 mm, and a surface area of at least 10 cm2, or at least 50 cm2, or at least 500 cm2 at least. Advantageously, the thickness of the substrate 58 is less than 5 mm, preferably less than 2 mm, terminal included.
[0156] En variante, la structure chauffante 7 peut comprendre du PEDOT : PSS, ou un réseau de nanofils, ou une impression d’encre à base de carbone ou des fils en carbone noyés notamment dans un film en polycarbonate (PC), ou en polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA), ou en polytéréphtalate d’éthylène (PET).[0156] Alternatively, the heating structure 7 may comprise PEDOT: PSS, or a network of nanowires, or carbon-based ink printing or carbon wires embedded in particular in a polycarbonate (PC) film, or made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
En faisant passer un courant électrique dans ce type de structure chauffante, de la chaleur est dégagée. By passing an electric current through this type of heating structure, heat is released.
[0157] La structure chauffante 7 peut incorporer un décor visible depuis l’extérieur. [0157] The heating structure 7 can incorporate a decoration visible from the outside.
[0158] On a représenté sur la figure 7 un autre exemple de réalisation de l’invention qui est similaire au mode de réalisation de la figure 2 mais s’en distingue par le fait que la place des couches 7 et 9 dans l’empilement a été inversée. [0159] Dans cet exemple, la couche de protection 9 qui peut contenir un décor, fait face au capteur 101 , et la structure chauffante 7 est sur le dessus de l’empilement, tournée ver la face externe 106. [0158] Figure 7 shows another embodiment of the invention which is similar to the embodiment of Figure 2 but is distinguished by the fact that the place of layers 7 and 9 in the stack was reversed. [0159] In this example, the protective layer 9 which can contain a decoration, faces the sensor 101, and the heating structure 7 is on top of the stack, facing the external face 106.
[0160] Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le film 111 peut être placé sur une face externe d’une couche de décoration, avec une couche de texture et/ou de protection additionnelle pour la finition. [0160] According to one of the aspects of the invention, the film 111 can be placed on an external face of a decorative layer, with an additional layer of texture and/or protection for the finish.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2214744 | 2022-12-31 | ||
| FRFR2214744 | 2022-12-31 |
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| WO2024141675A1 true WO2024141675A1 (en) | 2024-07-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/050051 Ceased WO2024141675A1 (en) | 2022-12-31 | 2024-01-02 | Exterior protection member for an exterior sensor on a vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| WO (1) | WO2024141675A1 (en) |
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| WO2021206022A1 (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2021-10-14 | 株式会社デンソー | Film heater |
| DE102021102565A1 (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-08-04 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Decorative element for a vehicle and vehicle with such a decorative element |
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