WO2024141472A1 - Bulk dispensing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Machine (1) for automatically dispensing unpackaged bulk food products from a command from a consumer, the machine (1) comprising a frame (2) forming a box for at least: - a container station (11) comprising containers (12) stacked successively in a vertical direction; - a filling station (13) comprising at least one reservoir (24) containing said food products and a zone (25) for filling a container from said reservoir; - a dispensing station (14) comprising a zone (44) for dispensing a filled container (12) for a consumer; - a device (15) for conveying a container (12) between, on the one hand, the container station (11) and the filling station (13), and, on the other hand, between the filling station (13) and the dispensing station (14).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Title: Bulk distribution machine

FIELD OF INVENTION

[01] The present invention relates to the field of machines for automatic distribution of products, in particular food products, in places where the public may be passing through. Such food products are generally called snacks, and allow quick and punctual catering.

[02] More precisely, the invention relates to a distribution system for unpackaged bulk food products.

TECHNOLOGY BACKGROUND

[03] An automatic dispensing machine generally takes the form of a cabinet, placed on the floor. Various products, including food such as snacks, are stored in the machine. Optionally, these products are visible behind transparent glass. An interface allows a consumer to choose a type of product available in the machine and proceed to payment. The product is then delivered, for example using a spiral arm causing the chosen product to fall, into a dedicated distribution area and allows the consumer to access their product. Document US2019362582 presents such a machine. Snacks, savory or sweet, are usually packaged in packets of confectionery or aperitif biscuits.

[04] Today there is a demand for snacks with health benefits that are superior to those provided by usual snacks. These include dried fruits and nuts. Such snacks can already be found in usual vending machines, packaged in sachet form.

[05] However, distribution in the form of sachets does not bring complete satisfaction. In fact, the sachets are of a given volume, not allowing the consumer to choose the desired quantity, which can be frustrating. In addition, to increase the quantity of products, the consumer must increase the quantity of sachets purchased, which poses a problem in the treatment of packaging waste in addition to increasing costs for the consumer.

[06] There are therefore machines offering to deliver unpackaged food products, in a quantity chosen by the consumer. This type of machine poses a problem in particular with regard to the storage of containers which must make it possible to contain the desired quantity of products for the consumer. [07] Document WO2018057045 describes an example of such a machine, in which nuts are stored in containers and fall in controlled quantities into a flexible bag. The flexible bag has the particular advantage of being able to be stored in flat form, and therefore of providing reduced bulk. However, a disadvantage is that a system for closing such a sachet is difficult and/or expensive to implement in an automatic dispensing machine. In addition, a flexible bag tends to tear easily, and does not stand upright, for example placed on a surface such as a table.

[08] The distribution of the flexible sachet once filled is done by dropping it into a basket, so that the presentation of the container to the consumer is not careful.

[09] Rigid containers, called cups, which are found in particular in beverage dispensing machines, generally have a collar along the free edge. Such cups are for example made of plastic or cardboard. Cups are typically stored vertically, stacked one inside the other. Force is applied to pull on the bottom cup and disengage it from the rest of the stack. The cup is then sent to a filling zone and then to a recovery zone by the consumer. Advantageously, the collar is used to grip the cup, for example by pressing against a support.

[10] The cup is generally delivered to the consumer open, the drink being intended to be consumed quickly. To close the cup, lids can be made available to the consumer next to the machine, for self-service, which is unhygienic and can cause theft problems. The dispensing machine may contain a system for placing a lid on the cup before presenting it to the consumer. However, such a system increases operating costs, and also poses space requirements for storing the lids in the machine.

[11] However, in the case of unpackaged bulk food products, it is preferable for the container to be resealable in order to allow the consumer to more easily transport the products and consume them when they wish.

[12] In addition, a consumer appreciates having a choice among several products, or even making mixtures. Therefore, the automatic dispensing machine preferably contains several tanks of bulk food products which may be different. The number and size of these tanks are, however, limited by the dimensions of the machine itself. Indeed, such a machine must be able to be easily installed in general-purpose premises, and must therefore pass through openings, such as doors, of standard dimensions. The congestion at the interior is therefore a parameter which must be optimized both to be able to place a sufficiently high number of tanks there to satisfy a consumer but also to store the containers in which the food products are distributed to the consumer.

[13] There is therefore a need for a new machine for automatic distribution of food products which overcomes in particular the aforementioned drawbacks.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[14] Thus, according to a first aspect, the invention relates to a machine for automatic distribution of unpackaged and bulk food products based on an order from a consumer. The machine comprises a frame forming a box for at least: a container station, comprising containers stacked successively in a vertical direction, between a lower container and an upper container, the container station comprising a support and gripping system making it possible to grab one container at a time; a filling station, comprising at least one tank containing said food products and a zone for filling a container from said tank; a dispensing station, comprising a dispensing area of a filled container for a consumer; a device for conveying a container between the container station and the filling station on the one hand, and between the filling station and the distribution station on the other hand.

[15] The support and gripping system comprises in particular a device for retaining the stack of containers in the container station. The retaining device is fixed relative to the frame in the vertical direction and can take at least two positions:

A first so-called support position in which the retaining device exerts a retaining force on said lower container, in a second so-called lateral direction substantially perpendicular to the vertical direction, which is maximum, so as to support the entire stack ,

A second so-called release position in which the retaining device exerts a retaining force which is minimal, for example zero.

[16] The support and gripping system further comprises a device for gripping the lower container, movable in the vertical direction relative to the frame, intended to come into contact with the lower container of the stack. [17] Thus, when the retaining device is in the second position, the stack of containers is supported by the gripping device.

[18] Thanks to these arrangements, the machine makes it possible in particular to use rigid containers which notably include a smooth side wall, that is to say without a rim or other laterally projecting element. The stack of containers can thus have a reduced footprint following the vertical direction of the stack. In addition, such containers may include flaps allowing the container to be closed. Such containers are known for example under the name of

“pasta box”.

[19] Depending on different aspects, it is possible to provide one and/or the other of the characteristics below taken alone or in combination.

[20] According to one embodiment, the gripping device may comprise a receiving plate and a disengagement clamp which can take at least two positions:

A first gripping position in which the disengagement clamp exerts maximum pinching force on the lower container;

A second release position in which the disengagement clamp exerts a minimal pinching force on the lower container, and in which the plate is in contact with the lower container.

[21] Thus, in the release position, the container is no longer held by the gripping device, and can fall under the effect of gravity in order to be released from the rest of the stack.

[22] For example, for this purpose, the disengagement clamp comprises two jaws, and in which the plate is formed at least partly on one of the jaws. The tray can thus easily be removed from under the container by spreading the jaws of the disengagement pliers. The kinematics of the gripping device are simplified.

[23] The support and gripping system thus offers a simple and effective solution for gripping a single container at a time from the stack, without the need to use a projecting element on the side wall of the container.

[24] According to one embodiment, the machine may include a device for metering the quantity of food products leaving a tank towards a container in the filling zone. The dosing device is for example of the impeller type controlled by a stepper motor. It allows the quantity of bulk products distributed to a consumer to be measured with sufficient precision.

[25] According to one embodiment, the filling station can comprise at least one tank of a so-called higher level arranged in a vertical direction au- above a reservoir of a so-called lower level. In practice, the machine includes a plurality of tanks distributed over the two levels: by increasing the number of tanks, the choices for the consumer are advantageously increased.

[26] According to one embodiment, the filling station may comprise a filling channel extending between an upstream end and a downstream end, said filling channel being pivotable around at least one transverse tilting axis, substantially perpendicular in the vertical direction, so as to take:

A collection position, in which it extends substantially horizontally, the downstream end being substantially at the same height as the upstream end,

A pouring position, in which the downstream end is at a lower height than the upstream end.

[27] The tilting axis is judiciously placed closer to the downstream end than to the upstream end.

[28] This arrangement makes it possible in particular to reduce the vertical bulk of the machine.

[29] According to one embodiment, the distribution station can include a pivotable barrel relative to the frame, to successively provide access and close access to the distribution zone. The interior of the machine is then always hidden by the barrel.

[30] According to one embodiment, the conveying device can be reversible between the filling station and the distribution station. The consumer can therefore use a personal container and place it in the dispensing station. Its container will be taken over by the conveyor device to be filled in the filling station.

[31] According to one embodiment, the distribution zone may include a reception system for a base of the conveyor device. Thus, the container remains on the conveyor device as long as it is in the machine, limiting transfers and therefore the risk of falling. The container leaves the conveyor device only to be picked up by the consumer in the distribution area.

[32] According to one embodiment, the machine may comprise a communication module in connection with a remote server, the server being adapted to communicate with a personal device such as a consumer's smartphone via a dedicated application, to place an order by machine. Thus, the machine does not need to have a display screen to communicate with the consumer, everything happens on the smartphone for example, simplifying ordering for the consumer. It may also be possible to make payment via the application. [33] According to one embodiment, the machine may include an information display area readable by a consumer's personal device in order to access said dedicated application. This is, for example, a QR code, which the consumer scans with their smartphone in order to directly open the dedicated application for the machine.

[34] According to a second aspect, the invention proposes a method of automatic distribution of unpackaged food products in bulk using a machine as described above, the method comprising:

Order by a consumer;

Entering a container to fill;

Filling the container;

The distribution of the filled container,

[35] Grasping the container may include in particular the following successive steps: a) From the first position of the retaining device, in which the lower container is the container to be filled, the gripping device moves vertically in a first direction upwards to come at a determined distance from the container to be filled, b) The retaining device passes into the second position, the stack of containers being supported by the gripping device; c) The gripping device moves vertically in a second downward direction, so that the container following the container to be filled becomes the new lower container; d) The retaining device moves into the first position on the new lower container, e) The gripping device pulls the container to be filled downwards to completely release it from the stack.

[36] According to one embodiment, the gripping device comprises a receiving plate and a disengagement clamp, and can take two positions:

A first position in which the receiving plate is in contact with the lower container and the disengagement clamp also exerts a maximum pinching force on the lower container;

A second position in which the disengagement clamp exerts a minimal pinching force on the lower container,

[37] In step a), the receiving plate comes into contact with the container to be filled, before step d), the gripping device moves to the first position. [38] Thus, the container released by the clamps is supported by the plate, ensuring control of the downward movement of the container to release it from the stack.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[40] Embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, briefly described below:

[41] [Fig. 1] represents a machine according to an embodiment according to the invention, comprising a frame in a closed position.

[42] [Fig. 2] shows a view similar to Figure 1, in which a sliding system is released.

[43] [Fig. 3] represents the machine of Figure 2 with the frame in an open position.

[44] [Fig. 4] represents a detailed view of a part of a container station of the machine of the previous figures, according to one embodiment, comprising a support and gripping system, during a first step for gripping a container.

[45] [Fig. 5] is a view similar to that of Figure 4, during a second step to grasp a container.

[46] [Fig. 6] represents a bottom view of Figure 5.

[47] [Fig. 7] is a view similar to that of Figure 4, during a third step to grasp a container.

[48] [Fig. 8] represents a detailed view of a shelf and a dosing device in the machine of Figure 1 according to one embodiment.

[49] [Fig. 9] represents a detailed view of an embodiment of a filling zone of a container in the machine of Figure 1.

[50] [Fig. 10] represents a detailed view according to one embodiment of an upper level of tanks of a distribution station in the machine of Figure 1.

[51] [Fig. 11] represents a detailed view according to one embodiment of a lower level of tanks in the machine of Figure 1.

[52] [Fig. 12] represents a detailed view of an embodiment of a downstream end of a channel of the distribution station of the machine of Figure 1.

[53] [Fig. 13] represents a detailed view according to one embodiment of a filling zone of the machine of Figure 1.

[54] [Fig. 14] represents a detailed view according to one embodiment of a distribution zone of the machine of Figure 1, seen from inside the machine.

[55] [Fig. 15] represents a detailed view of the distribution zone of the machine of Figure 14 in an open position seen from outside the machine.

[56] In the drawings, identical references designate identical or similar objects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[57] In Figure 1, an automatic dispensing machine 1 is shown, also called a vending machine. The machine 1 is particularly intended to distribute food, edible, bulk and unpackaged products, that is to say without packaging before being distributed to a consumer. The products in question are, for example, nuts and/or dried fruits.

[58] The machine comprises a frame 2 intended to rest on the ground directly or indirectly, for example via anti-slip pads. A so-called front facade 3 includes for example an information display zone 4 and, as will be seen later, a hatch 5 to a distribution zone.

[59] In what follows, we define a vertical direction with reference to the natural orientation of Figure 1, on which the machine 1 is represented in a vertical position resting on the ground. A horizontal direction called front/rear is then defined with reference to the front facade 3 and a horizontal direction called left/right substantially perpendicular to the front/rear direction.

[60] For purposes of simplification, the expressions above, below, lower, upper, top, bottom and their variants will be used according to their natural definition with reference to the vertical direction of Figure 1.

[61] Frame 2 forms a box to contain the different components of the machine. More precisely, the frame 2 can comprise a so-called fixed portion 6, which is that in contact with the ground, and a so-called sliding portion 7, on which the front facade 3 is formed, and which can slide relative to the fixed portion 6 on a system 8 for sliding and guiding the machine 1. The sliding and guiding system 8 is for example of the rail type. It is mounted on the fixed portion 6 in a retractable manner, like a drawer, so that it can be placed entirely under the frame 2 in the retracted position, and can be pulled in a forward direction in the deployed position. Optionally adjustable feet 9 allow the sliding and guiding system 8 to rest stably on the ground. The sliding portion 7 is then provided with a movement device 10, for example casters or skates, cooperating with the sliding and guiding system 8 to be moved in the front/rear direction. Thus, frame 2 can take two positions:

A closed position, in which the fixed portion 6 and the sliding portion 7 are in contact with each other, so as to form a closed housing to house the components of the machine 1;

An open position, in which the fixed portion 6 and the sliding portion 7 are spaced apart from each other in a direction transverse to the vertical direction, that is to say according to the example the figures following the front/rear direction, so as to have access to the interior of the frame 2.

[62] Even more precisely, and according to one embodiment, at least part, and preferably all, of the components inside the frame 2 are then fixed to the sliding portion 7, so that they are driven during the movement of the sliding portion 7 relative to the portion 6. Thus, in the open position of the frame 2, the components are released from the fixed part 6 and are easily accessible. According to one embodiment, the sliding portion 7 comprises a frame 7a on which the facade 3 is pivotally mounted, using vertical hinges, like a door, giving access to the components directly behind the front facade 3.

[63] Thanks to these arrangements, the components inside frame 2 can be easily accessible along the free sides. Maintenance operations can thus be carried out more easily and efficiently on all the components of the machine 1 when the frame 2 is in the open position, as illustrated in Figure 3, without having to dismantle the entire machine 1 .

[64] The different components inside frame 2 will now be described according to a particular embodiment. Generally speaking, the machine comprises three stations: a container station 11, in which containers 12 can be stored, empty, with a view to being filled with products; a filling station 13; a distribution station 14.

[65] A container 12 moves successively from the container station 11, to the filling station 13 and to the distribution station 14 using a conveying device 15. A container 12 is in particular rigid. By rigid, we mean here the capacity of the container not to deform under its own weight, and in particular to maintain a vertical position when placed on a support, and not to deform when it is held in the hand by a consumer, under normal conditions of use. The container 12 typically comprises a side wall 12a and a bottom 12b. The side wall 12a of the containers is preferably smooth, that is to say in particular that it does not have a collar at the level of the free edge.

[66] Each of positions 11, 13 and 14 will now be described independently of the others.

[67] The container station 11 comprises empty containers 12, stacked successively one inside the other in the vertical direction between a lower container 12 and an upper container 12. The stack of containers 12 is supported by a support and gripping system 16, which ensures both the function of supporting the stack of containers 12 and grasping a single container 12 at a time.

[68] The support and gripping system 16 comprises for this purpose a retaining device 17 for supporting the stacked containers 12. More precisely, the retaining device 17 is fixed relative to the frame 2 in the vertical direction, and it can take two positions:

- A first support position in which the retaining device 17 exerts a retaining force on said lower container 12, in a second so-called lateral direction substantially perpendicular to the vertical direction, which is maximum, so as to support the entire stacking;

- A second release position in which the retaining device 17 exerts a retaining force which is minimal.

[69] In other words, the retaining device 17 supports the stack of containers 12 intermittently. The maximum holding force is sufficient to retain the weight of the stack of containers 12. The minimum holding force, for example zero, releases the stack of containers 12: it does not allow the weight of the container to be retained. stacking.

[70] The support and gripping system 16 further comprises a device 18 for gripping the lower container 12 of the stack. The gripping device 18 is movable relative to the frame 2 at least in the vertical direction, so as to be able to come into contact with the lower container 12. Thus, when the retaining device 17 is in the release position, the lower container 12, released from the pinching force of the retaining device 17, comes into contact with the gripping device 18, and the weight of the stack is supported by the gripping device 18.

[71] We will now describe an embodiment of the support and gripping system 16.

[72] According to this embodiment, the retaining device 17 comprises a so-called fixed clamp 17a whose jaws 17b are articulated around vertical axes to grip the side wall 12a of a container 12. The minimum spacing between the jaws 17b of the clamp 17a is determined so as to exert the maximum retaining force on the lower container 12, making it possible to retain the stack in the retaining position of the retaining device 17.

[73] The gripping device 18 comprises a so-called disengagement clamp 18a, mounted movable in the vertical direction thanks to a movement mechanism 19. More precisely, the disengagement clamp 18a comprises two jaws 18b articulated around vertical axes to grip the side wall 12a of a container 12. The gripping device 18 further comprises at least one plate 18c to ensure a contact with the bottom 12b of the container 12. The gripping device 18 can then take two positions:

- A first gripping position in which the disengagement clamp 18a exerts a maximum pinching force on the lower container 12;

- A second release position in which the disengagement clamp 18a exerts a minimal pinching force on the lower container 12 and in which the plate 18c is in contact with the lower container 12 of the stack.

[74] The disengagement clamp 18a and the plate 18c can be physically distinct, or be confused. Thus, according to the example illustrated in the figures, the plate 18c is formed at least in part on at least one jaw 18b of the disengagement clamp 18a. Preferably, each jaw 18b of the disengagement clamp 18a is provided with a portion of plate 18c intended to come into contact with the bottom 12b of the lower container 12.

[75] According to one embodiment, each clamp, respectively 17a and 18a, can be accompanied by a guide, respectively 17c and 18d, making it possible to guide a container 12 as will be explained later.

[76] The movement mechanism 19 comprises for example a support 20 rigidly fixed to the frame 2. The retaining clamp 17a is fixed on the support 20. A threaded rod 21 is mounted on the support 20. A carriage 22 on which is mounted the disengagement clamp 18a cooperates with the threaded rod, so that on command of the rotation of the threaded rod 21 by a motor, the carriage 22 drives the disengagement clamp 18a in an up/down vertical movement along rods 23 of guide of the support 20.

[77] The filling station 13 comprises at least one tank 24 of food products to be distributed. Preferably, the filling station 13 comprises a plurality of distinct tanks 24. Each tank 24 can contain the same products, or different products so as to be able to produce mixtures in variable quantities from the tanks 24. The filling station 13 further comprises a filling zone 25 where the products coming from the tanks 24 are pour into a container 12.

[78] According to one embodiment, each tank 24 is equipped with a device

26 metering, for example of the paddle wheel type. For this purpose, the device 26 comprises a housing 27 in which a paddle wheel 28 is pivotally mounted relative to the housing 27 around a substantially horizontal axis carried by the housing 27. The reservoir 24 comprises for example a threaded neck 29, on which a first opening of the housing

27 of the metering device 26 forming an inlet 30 is screwed in the manner of a cork. A second opening of the housing 27 forming an outlet 31 of the metering device 26, diametrically opposite the inlet 30 along a diameter of the impeller 28, ensures the flow of products through the housing 27. A motor, for example of step by step type, allows you to control the rotation of the impeller 28. Each dosing device 26 can be associated with a dedicated stepper motor.

[79] This design of the tanks 24 and the dosing devices 26 makes it possible in particular to facilitate the filling of the tanks 24: when a tank 24 is empty, it suffices to open it by unscrewing the dosing device 26 from the neck 29 of the tank 24, to fill the reservoir 24, then to close it again using the dosing device 26. This design also makes cleaning easier by treating the reservoir 24 and the dosing device 26 separately. Hygiene is thus improved, sterilization of the reservoirs 24 and/or dosing devices 26 being possible.

[80] The tank 24 is mounted suspended on the frame 2, so as to have the neck 29, and therefore the opening of the tank 24, oriented downwards: the products contained in the tank 24 fall through the neck into the housing 27 by gravity. The dimensions and distribution of the blades of the impeller 28 are determined so as to allow dosing of the quantity of products: for a determined angle of rotation, the quantity of food products falling from the reservoir 24 to the outlet 31 of the housing 27 is also determined.

[81] More precisely, a reservoir 24 and its associated dosing device 26 form a distribution assembly. The distribution assemblies are mounted on the frame 2 using shelves 32 provided with notches 33, each notch 33 being intended to receive a portion of a distribution assembly. Each notch 33 has a suitable shape, for example semi-circular. According to one embodiment, the distribution assembly comprises a shoulder 34 which allows the assembly to be placed on the shelf 32, in a notch 33. According to the embodiment presented in the figures, the shoulder 34 is formed on the housing 27. The distribution assembly is then supported on an upper side, above the shelf 32, so that the outlet 31 of the dosing device 26 is on the other side, in this case the lower side, below the shelf 32. According to one embodiment, the shoulder 34 is provided with a groove which allows the distribution assembly to be fitted onto the shelf 32: the groove provides guidance in position of the assembly formed by the reservoir 24 and the dosing device 26. A wedge 35 can be fixed on the shelf 32 so as to close the notch 33 and prevent the tank 24 equipped with a dosing device 26 from coming out. The wedge 35 can also fit into a groove in the shoulder 29, in order to block the wedge 35 against the assembly formed by the dosing device 26 and the reservoir 24. The wedge 35 is for example screwed onto the shelf 32. More precisely, it is screwed on either side of the opening of the notch 33, for example using a screw on one side of the opening and a screwable wheel on the other side of the opening of the notch 33 Optionally, an additional fixing can be provided between the distribution assembly and the frame 2, for example by screwing the housing 27 onto the frame 2.

[82] In order to adapt to tanks 24 of different diameters, it can be planned to adapt the dosing device 26. More precisely, the external diameter of the neck 29, and more precisely of the shoulder 34, is preferably fixed for any dosing device 26, so as to adapt to the notch 33 of the shelf 32, while the thread of the neck is adapted to the tank 24. Thus, it is possible to use tanks 24 of different diameters without having to review the design of the distribution station 13.

[83] The removal and installation of a tank 24 in machine 1 are thus facilitated. For example, when a tank 24 is empty, the wheel of the corresponding wedge 35 is unscrewed and the wedge is pivoted around the screw on the other side on the shelf 32 so as to release the opening of the notch 33. The fixings between the housing 27 and the frame 2 are removed, and the assembly formed by the tank 24 and the dosing device 26 screwed onto it are dissociated from the corresponding motor and removed from the machine 1. The assembly is removed from the machine 1. Another tank 24, or the same filled tank 24, equipped with its metering device 26 is put back in place in the notch 33 and fitted onto the corresponding motor. The groove in the shoulder 29 makes it possible in particular to guarantee good alignment of the metering device 26 with the engine. The wheel of the wedge 35 is again placed between the wedge 35 and the shelf 32 to keep the reservoir 24 filled and the dosing device 26 in place in the bottom of the notch 33. Finally, if necessary, the fixings between the housing 27 and the frame 2 are put in place.

[84] The tanks 24 can be distributed over one or more levels in the vertical direction. According to one embodiment, which is that of the figures, the machine 1 is designed to accommodate twelve tanks 24, in four rows of three tanks and on two levels. Thus, the machine comprises four shelves 32 each provided with three notches 33. Two shelves 32 are located at the same first level called upper and carry tanks 24 called upper, and two other shelves 32 are located at the same second level, called lower , below the first level, and carry so-called lower tanks 24. The rows are arranged for example in the front/rear direction, so as to facilitate access to each tank 24 when the frame 2 is in the open position.

[85] The filling station further comprises a system 36 for conveying food products from each outlet 31 of the dosing devices 26 to the zone 25 for filling the container 12. The delivery system 36 is of the gravity type: the food products are moved between the outlets 31 and the container 12 to be filled by gravity. In other words, the filling zone 25 is located under the outlets 31.

[86] The height of the tanks must in particular respond to a compromise between on the one hand a sufficient volume to meet the needs of consumers over a suitable period of time without changing the tanks, and on the other hand the total height of the machine which must maintain standard dimensions allowing it to be installed easily, particularly to pass through doors.

[87] The gravity-type system 36 includes, for example, slides guiding the fall of the products. These slides must therefore have a certain slope to allow the fall, which causes vertical space to the detriment either of the volume of the tanks 24 or of the height of the machine. The value of the slope required for the fall depends on the food products to be distributed. In order to respond to this problem in particular, a particular routing system 36 has been developed, independently of the rest of the machine 1.

[88] According to this particular embodiment, the delivery system 36 comprises a filling channel 37, for example of a general gutter shape, into which the food products fall from the tanks 24 by gravity. The filling channel 37 comprises an upstream end 38 and a downstream end 39, the downstream end 39 opening into the filling zone 25. The filling channel 37 is pivotally mounted around at least one transverse tilting axis 40, so as to be able to take:

A collection position, in which the channel 37 extends substantially horizontally, its downstream end 38 being substantially at the same height as its upstream end 39

A pouring position, in which the downstream end 38 is at a height lower than that of the upstream end 39.

[89] The tilting axis 40 of the channel 37 is closer to the downstream end 39 than to the upstream end 38, so that in the pouring position, the upstream end 38 has traveled a distance upwards. greater than the downward distance traveled by the downstream end 39. The channel 37 is then in an inclined position, allowing the products to flow by gravity in the channel towards the filling zone 25. A motor, not shown in the figures, can be mounted on frame 2 and dedicated to controlling channel 37. [90] The filling zone 25 may include a guiding device 41 making it possible to guide the fall of the products between the downstream end 39 and the container 12 in the filling zone 25.

[91] The filling zone 25 may include a support on which the container 12 is placed during the fall of the products, said support being able to be movable vertically, making it possible to adjust the length of fall of the products.

[92] The conveying system 36 may include slides 42 associated with each tank 24 and inclined so as to be able to guide the products by gravity from the outlet 31 to the channel 37. Each slide 42 is for example movable relative to the frame 2, and comprises an upstream end arranged under the outlet 31 of a device 26 for metering a reservoir 24, and a downstream end. The downstream ends of all the slides 42 are preferably included in the same horizontal plane, located at or slightly above the channel 37 in the collection position. Thus, the channel 37 in the collection position can receive the products from all the tanks 24, for example to mix products between the different tanks 24, then, in the pouring position, it drops them into the container 12 in the filling zone 25.

[93] Depending on the embodiment in which the tanks 24 are distributed over several levels, a single filling channel 37 can be put in place for all of the tanks 24.

[94] Thanks to this change in position of channel 37, its size is reduced. Indeed, the channel 37 is for example positioned between the two rows of tanks 24 of the lower level. In the pouring position, the upstream end 38 of the channel 37 rises between the tanks 24 of the lower level and passes above at least part of the downstream ends of the slides 42 of the lower level. In other words, the channel 27 extends in the vertical direction over the majority of its length between the reservoirs 24 of the lower level. The downstream end 39 lowers by a determined value, sufficiently low so that the resulting additional vertical bulk is minimal, and in any case so that the total vertical bulk of the machine 1 remains within the expected standards. .

[95] For example, in the case of two levels of tanks 24, the conveying system 36 comprises an upper hopper 43, into which the products in each tank 24 can fall from the outlet 31 of the associated dosing device 26. Slides 42, as described previously, can guide the products from the tanks to the hopper 43. The hopper 43 then opens above the channel 37, located at the lower level. [96] The dispensing station 14 comprises a zone 44 for dispensing a filled container 12, that is to say after passing through the filling station 13, in which a consumer can grab the filled container 12.

[97] The distribution zone 44 is for example hidden by the hatch 5 on the front facade 3. More precisely, the distribution zone 44 is formed inside a barrel 45, for example of cylindrical shape, with substantially vertical generators and a substantially circular directing curve. The barrel 45 is pivotally mounted on the frame 2, and more precisely on the front facade 3 of the machine, around a vertical axis. The barrel 45 extends between an upper disc and a lower disc 45a and has a lateral surface which includes an opening extending at a maximum angle of 180°. The rest of the lateral surface forms the hatch 5, so that the barrel 45 can take:

- A closed position, in which the hatch 5 closes access to the distribution zone 44 via the front facade 3

- An open position, in which the opening of the side wall of the barrel 45 gives access to the distribution zone 44 through the front facade 3.

[98] By its rotation, the barrel 45 always hides the interior of the machine 1 from a consumer: in the closed position, its side wall forms a convex surface, that is to say the hatch 5, for the consumer, by masking the distribution zone 44; in the closed position, its side wall forms a concave surface for the consumer, giving access to the distribution zone 44.

[99] According to one embodiment, the barrel 45 forms a system for receiving the conveying device 15. More precisely, according to one embodiment, the conveying device 15 comprises a base 46 on which a container 12 can be placed and held. Edges 47 can be formed on the base 46 to limit the risk of the container 12 falling. The base 46 is assembled to an arm 48 pivotally mounted on the frame 2 around a vertical axis.

[100] The arm 48 has an L shape, namely a substantially horizontal portion which is mounted on the axis of rotation on the frame 2, and a substantially vertical portion at the end of which the base 46 is assembled. The lower disc 45a of the barrel 45 is provided with a groove 49 in which the substantially vertical portion of the arm 48 can be inserted by sliding, so that the base 46 is located inside the barrel 45. The container 12 is presented in the distribution zone 44 on the base 46, in a vertical position.

[101] Thus, the conveying device 15 describes an arc of a circle between the different stations 11, 13 and 14. The container 12, once removed from the container station 11 and placed on the base 46 of the conveying device 15, can not be transferred to a other device, nor undergo a change in height, until reaching the distribution zone 44, limiting the risk of falling.

[102] When it is anticipated that the height of the container 12 may vary, for example when the filling zone 25 comprises a vertically movable support, a transfer of the container 12 between the support in the filling zone 25 and any other element of the conveying device 15 can be produced by any appropriate means limiting the risk of the container falling.

[103] The conveying device 15 ensures the transport of a container from the container station to the filling zone 25 and to the distribution zone 44. According to one embodiment, the conveying device 15 is reversible, that is to say it can transport a container in the distribution zone 44 towards the filling zone 25. This provision notably allows a consumer to use their own container to fill it. For this purpose, the machine may include a system which detects the presence of a container in the distribution zone and which determines whether it has acceptable dimensions.

[104] Finally, the machine 1 includes a system for controlling the different stations 11, 13, 14 and the conveying device 15 on command from a consumer. According to one embodiment, the control system thus comprises a communication module with a personal device of a consumer, for example of the smartphone type. The communication module can for example be connected to a remote server to which the consumer's smartphone also connects. More precisely, the consumer can access a dedicated application allowing them to enter the parameters of their order and proceed to payment. The parameters may include, for example, the nature of the food products, the quantity, and the use of a container 12 stored in the machine 1 or of a personal container of the consumer. The server records the data and the payment, and communicates with the control system to initiate distribution. According to one embodiment, the display zone 4 on the front facade 3 includes information readable by the consumer's smartphone, allowing access to the dedicated application. This is for example a QR code, or the address of a web page.

[105] An example of operation of machine 1 will now be described

[106] In a first ordering step, a consumer places an order recorded by the control system. For example, the consumer indicates that he does not have a personal container, and chooses a mixture of products contained in different tanks 24 in the machine, each in a quantity determined by the consumer. According to one embodiment, the consumer can choose a portion of a single product, several portions of a single product, or a mixture of several products in different portions. A serving corresponds to a predetermined quantity recorded in the control system. The quantity of product corresponding to a serving may vary depending on the nature of the product. The quantity of product corresponding to a portion can be expressed for example in mass, in volume and/or in the number of elements for a product, for example a number of almonds, hazelnuts, etc.

[107] In a step of gripping a container 12, the system then controls the container station 11 which triggers the gripping of a single container 12. More precisely, the retaining device 17 is initially in the support position. According to the example presented, the fixed clamp 17a is then in the closed position on the lower container 12 of the stack. The gripping device 18, initially in the release position, comes into contact with the bottom 12b of the lower container, by vertical movement. Alternatively, the gripping device 18 can come at a determined vertical distance from the bottom 12b of the lower container 12, this determined distance corresponding to the distance between the bases 12b of two successive containers 12 in the stack. More precisely, according to the example of the figures, the plate 18c of the gripping device comes into contact with or at the determined distance from the bottom 12b of the lower container 12 of the stack. The retaining device 17 then moves to the release position, that is to say in this case the fixed clamp 17a opens. The stack of containers 12 is no longer retained by the retaining device 17. When the gripping device 18 is already in contact with the bottom 12b of the lower container, the gripping device 18 can move vertically downwards the determined distance, causing the stack of containers 12 to fall the determined distance. When the gripping device is not already in contact with the bottom 12b of the lower container, the stack then falls by the distance determined so that the bottom 12b comes into contact with the gripping device 18, which can then move into position socket. The fall of the stack is maintained in the vertical direction in particular thanks to the guides 17c and 18d of the support and gripping system 16.

[108] The retaining device 17 is placed again in the support position, that is to say that the fixed clamp 17a is placed in the closed position on the container 12 following that in contact with the gripping device 18. The container 12 on which the fixed clamp 17a is closed then becomes the new lower container 12 of the stack in the station

11 containers.

[109] The gripping device 18 can then move into the gripping position and continues to move vertically downwards, driving the container 12, where appropriate gripped by the disengagement clamp 18a, until the container 12 in question is released from the stack, that is to say it is no longer retained on the stack by possible friction forces with the successive container 12. The use of the disengagement clamp 18a makes it possible in particular to combat the friction forces between the lower container and the next container in the stack

[110] The conveying device 15 then moved so that the base 46 was aligned vertically under the disengagement clamp 18a. The gripping device 18 can then move to the release position, the plate 18c opening by spreading the jaws 18b of the disengagement clamp 18a. The container 12 then falls and is received on the base 46 of the conveying device 15, in a vertical position.

[111] The support and gripping system 16 thus advantageously makes it possible to grasp only a single container 12 at a time in the container station 11, while only using rigid containers 12 of the smooth-walled type. No projecting element on the containers is required for the implementation of the support and gripping system 16. The advantage of using containers 12 with smooth walls is in particular that such containers can include a lid formed of material with the container 12. More precisely, an example of such a container 12 is commonly called a "pasta box" and comprises flaps or tabs in the extension of the side wall 12a, making it possible to close the container 12 by folding the flaps and possibly crossing them. The container 12 is for example obtained by folding and gluing a sheet. It is preferably made of 100% paper or cardboard. The absence of a collar also makes it possible to reduce the vertical bulk of the stack of containers 12, and therefore to maintain a vertical dimension of the machine 1 within the standard dimensions.

[112] The conveying device 15 can be provided with a detector confirming the presence of the container 12 in the correct position on the base 46 and triggering the movement of the conveying device 15 towards the filling station 13. The container 12 on the base 46 is then brought into the filling zone.

[113] The food products chosen, according to the quantities chosen, by the consumer, are poured into channel 27 in the collection position. More precisely, the control system controls the motors of the dosing devices 26 associated with the tanks 24 containing the food product(s) chosen by the consumer so as to dose according to the quantities chosen. The products fall into the channel 27 in the collection position via the slides 42, and possibly the hopper 43 for the products contained in a tank 24 of the upper level. The products can be poured into channel 27 as soon as the order is recorded, or when the container 12 is placed in the filling zone. [114] In a distribution step, once the container 12 placed in the filling zone 13 and the products, following the consumer's order, poured onto the channel 27 in the collection position, the control system triggers the tilting of the channel 27 in the pouring position, so that the products fall into the container 12 in the filling zone.

[115] A detector can be set up to detect when all the products have been poured into the container 12 and transmit the information to the control system, or a clock of the control system can count a determined duration, recorded in the system control, during which the channel 27 is in the pouring position, and at the end of which it is considered that the products have fallen into the container 12.

[116] In a distribution step, once it has been determined that the container 12 is filled, the control system initiates the movement of the conveying device 15 so as to bring the container 12 into the distribution zone 44. More precisely, according to the example of the figures, the barrel 45 is initially in the closed position. The conveying device 15 moves from the filling zone 25 towards the distribution zone 44 so as to bring the base 46 inside the barrel 45 by sliding the vertical portion of the arm 48 into the groove 49 of the lower disc 45a of the barrel.

[117] The barrel 45 then passes into the open position, so that the filled container 12 is presented to the consumer on the base 46, the arm 48 being masked by the rotation of the barrel 45. The consumer only sees the distribution zone 44 , the interior of the machine being masked by barrel 45.

[118] The consumer can take the filled container 12. A sensor can detect that the container 12 is no longer on the base 46, triggering the passage of the barrel 45 into the closed position.

[119] Alternatively, when the consumer selects the use of a personal container when ordering, the barrel 45 first goes into the open position, with the base 46 present in the distribution zone 44. He places his personal container, and a sensor can determine the presence of the container on the base, and check if its shape and dimensions are acceptable for the machine.

[120] Once the personal container is detected and accepted, the barrel 45 moves to the closed position, and the conveyor device moves the personal container into the filling zone. The rest of the filling and distribution operations then take place as before. [121] The machine 1 thus described makes it possible to distribute food products stored in bulk in the tanks 24 of the machine 1, leaving a consumer free choice on the quantity and variety of the products.

[122] The space inside the machine, and therefore the total space, is cleverly reduced.

[123] The machine allows the use of rigid containers 12 with smooth side walls, for example of the "pasta box" type, which in particular makes it possible to avoid the problem of lids while limiting the bulk inside the machine .

[124] The diagram in Figure 16 presents an example of a control system 100 according to one embodiment. Such a control system 100, and the associated control method, constitute an invention independent of the distribution machine 1 and its operation described above. Consequently, the control system 100 could also be implemented with bulk distribution machines other than the machine 1 described above. The applicant reserves all rights to protect by patent this control system as well as the associated control method by any suitable means, including possibly by the filing of divisions.

[125] The order system 100 is particular in that it allows a consumer to obtain distribution, by a distribution machine 101, of a mixture of different products in bulk and in adjustable quantities for each product. More precisely, the machine 101 is a bulk distribution machine comprising at least two separate tanks 102 in which food products are stored in bulk. Each tank 102 is associated with at least one device 103 for dosing products leaving the tank 102, and each dosing device 103 is controlled by a system 104 for controlling the machine 101. The dosing device 103 makes it possible to dose with precision sufficient quantity of each product which comes out of a tank 102, before the product is poured into the container 106. The machine 101 can include a single dosing device 103 common to all of the tanks 102, or as many devices 103 of dosage than tanks 102. The machine 101 further comprises at least one filling zone 105 where the products coming from the tanks 102 flow into a container 106. The machine 101 finally comprises at least one distribution zone 107 in which a consumer can grab the filled container 106. The machine 101 is for example, but not limited to, conforming to the machine 1 described above.

[126] For this purpose, the control system 100 comprises:

An order-taking device, comprising: a control interface 108, configured to allow a consumer to enter data relating to the order, a communication device 109, making it possible to transmit data relating to the order to the system 104 for controlling the distribution machine 101, optionally , a payment terminal 110 making it possible to pay a price determined by the consumer's order.

[127] The data relating to the order include at least one choice of at least one product stored in at least one tank 102, and in particular of at least two products stored in the tanks 102, and a choice of a number of portions associated with each product. The number of servings can be adjusted independently for each product. The system 100 then comprises a memory 111, in which is stored, for each dosing device 103 of the machine 101, a determined command to take from the associated tank 102 a quantity of products corresponding to a portion for the product concerned. By controlling a dosing device 103, we designate here any action command on the dosing device 103 making it possible to extract products from a reservoir 102 in a controlled manner before pouring them into the container 106. Memory 111 communicates with the control system 104, via the communication device 109, so that the dosing devices 103 take from the reservoirs 102 the quantity corresponding to the number of portions of the order then pour it into the container 106. Each dosing device 103 can first take from the associated reservoir 102 all the portions according to the consumer's order, then pour them into the container 102, or take and pour each portion one by one into the container 102.

[128] The quantity in a portion can be any physical quantity making it possible to quantify the product contained in a tank 102. It is for example a mass, a volume and/or a number of elements. By using the notion of a discrete portion, measured by the dosing devices 103 before being poured into the container 106, and not of a continuous quantity, freely adjusted by the consumer, management by the machine is facilitated, and the precision is improved. Indeed, a determined portion for a product in a tank 102 can be determined by adjusting the dosing device 103, without the need for a device for directly measuring the quantity poured into the container 106 each time. Thus, the quantity poured from a reservoir 102 into the container 106 is first measured by the dosing device 103, depending on the number of portions chosen by the consumer, before reaching the container 106. The type of control exercised on the dosing device 103 by the control system 104 is adapted to the type of dosing device 103 selected. For example, in the case where the dosing device 103 is similar to the dosing device 26 of the machine 1 described above, the quantity contained in a portion can be translated by a command in the form of a number of revolutions, complete or not, of the impeller 28. In particular, by adapting the number of blades of the impeller and/or the geometry defining a volume between two successive and adjacent blades, the quantity contained in a portion can be determined to be proportional to a number of revolutions, complete or not, of the impeller 28. Thus, the quantity contained in a portion can be determined by an adjustment on the dosing device 103, depending on the nature of the product in the tank 102.

[129] According to one embodiment, the interface 108 is a touch screen, making it possible to display information on the products available in the machine, and allowing the consumer to choose a number of portions for each product.

[130] According to one embodiment, the control system 100 is integrated into the machine 101. For example, the interface 108 is placed on a front facade of the machine.

[131] According to one embodiment, the data relating to the order includes information on the container. This information may relate to the size of the container 106, and whether the consumer wishes to use their own container 106 or a container provided by the machine. In the case where the container 106 is that of the consumer, the machine 101 comprises a zone for receiving the container 106, in which the consumer places his container 106, and from which the container 106 is taken into the distribution zone 105. In the case where the container 106 is supplied by the machine 101, the machine 101 may include an empty container storage area 106 from which an empty container 106 can be picked up individually and taken to the distribution area 105.

[132] In the case where the container 106 is that of the consumer, the control interface 108 may include a display of recommendations concerning the dimensions of the container 106. Alternatively or in combination, such recommendations may be displayed directly on the machine .

[133] The ordering method associated with the system 1 comprises the following steps: in a first step, a consumer enters, via the ordering interface 108, data relating to the order, this data comprising at least one choice of at least one at least one product stored in at least one tank 102, and preferably at least two products stored in the tanks 102, and a choice of a number of portions associated with each product; in a second step, where applicable, the consumer pays the price determined by the order via the payment terminal 110; in a third step, the communication device 109 transmits data relating to the order to the system 104 for controlling the distribution machine 101; in a fourth step, the control system 104 controls at least one dosing device 103 in order to pour into the container 106, in the filling zone 105, the chosen number of portions for each of the two chosen products. in a fifth step, the container 106 filled according to the order is entered by the consumer in the distribution zone 107.

[134] The order system 100 thus allows a consumer to freely choose the mixture of products distributed by the machine 101, both with regard to the nature of the products, but also the quantities of products, within the mixture.

[135] By using specific portions to define quantities, distribution management is made easier and more efficient.

Claims

[Claim 1] Machine (1) for automatic distribution of unpackaged and bulk food products from an order from a consumer, the machine (1) comprising a frame (2) forming a box for at least: a container station (11), comprising containers (12) stacked successively in a vertical direction, between a lower container and an upper container, the container station (11) comprising a support and gripping system (16) for gripping a single container (12) at a time; a filling station (13), comprising at least one tank (24) containing said food products and a zone (25) for filling a container from said tank; a dispensing station (14), comprising a zone (44) for dispensing a filled container (12) for a consumer; a device (15) for conveying a container (12) between on the one hand the container station (11) and the filling station (13), and on the other hand between the filling station (13) and the distribution station (14); the machine (1) being characterized in that the support and gripping system (16) comprises a device (17) for retaining the stack of containers (12) in the container station (11), said device (17) ) retainer being fixed relative to the frame (2) in the vertical direction and being able to take two positions: - A first so-called support position in which the retaining device (17) exerts a retaining force on said lower container (12), in a second so-called lateral direction substantially perpendicular to the vertical direction, which is maximum, so as to support the entire stack, - A second so-called release position in which the retaining device (17) exerts a retaining force which is minimal, And in that the support and gripping system (16) further comprises a device (18) for gripping the lower container (12), movable in the vertical direction relative to the frame (2), intended to come into contact with the lower container (12) of the stack, So that when the retaining device (17) is in the second position, the stack of containers is supported by the gripping device (18). [Claim 2] Machine (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the containers (12) comprise a smooth side wall (12a). [Claim 3] Machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, in which the gripping device (18) comprises a receiving plate (18c) and a disengagement clamp (18a) which can take two positions: - A first gripping position in which the disengagement clamp (18)a exerts a maximum pinching force on the lower container (12); - A second release position in which the disengagement clamp (18a) exerts a minimal pinching force on the lower container (12), and in which the plate (18c) is in contact with the lower container (12). [Claim 4] Machine (1) according to claim 3, in which the disengagement clamp (18a) comprises two jaws (18b), and in which the plate (18c) is formed at least partly on one of the jaws (18b) . [Claim 5] Machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a device (26) for metering the quantity of food products leaving a tank (24) towards a container in the filling zone (25). . [Claim 6] Machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the filling station (13) comprises at least one tank (24) of a so-called upper level arranged in a vertical direction above a reservoir (24) of a so-called lower level. [Claim 7] Machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the filling station (13) comprises a filling channel (37) extending between an upstream end (38) and an end (39) downstream, said filling channel (37) being pivotable around at least one transverse tilting axis (40), substantially perpendicular to the vertical direction, so as to take: A collection position, in which it extends substantially horizontally, the downstream end (38) being substantially at the same height as the upstream end (39), A pouring position, in which the downstream end (39) is at a lower height than the upstream end (38). [Claim 8] Machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the distribution station (14) comprises a barrel (45) pivotable relative to the frame (2), to successively give access and close access to the distribution zone (44). [Claim 9] Machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the conveying device (15) is reversible between the filling station (13) and the distribution station (14). [Claim 10] Machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the distribution zone (44) comprises a receiving system (45, 49) for a base (46) of the conveying device (15). [Claim 11] Machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a communication module in connection with a remote server, the server being adapted to communicate with a personal smartphone type device of a consumer via an application dedicated, to order from the machine. [Claim 12] Machine (1) according to the preceding claim, comprising a zone (4) for displaying information readable by a personal device of a consumer in order to access said dedicated application. [Claim 13] Method for automatic distribution of unpackaged food products in bulk using a machine according to any one of the preceding claims comprising: Order by a consumer; Entering a container (12) to fill; Filling the container (12); The distribution of the filled container (12), The method being characterized in that the gripping of the container (12) comprises the following successive steps: a) Starting from the first position of the retaining device (17), in which the lower container (12) is the container to be filled, the gripping device (18) moves vertically in a first direction upwards to come to a determined distance from the container (12) to be filled, b) The retaining device (17) passes into the second position, the stack of containers (12) being supported by the gripping device (18); c) The gripping device (18) moves vertically in a second downward direction, so that the container (12) following the container to be filled becomes the new lower container; d)The retaining device (17) passes into the first position on the new lower container (12), e)The gripping device (18) drives the container (12) to be filled downwards to completely release it from the stacking. [Claim 14] Method according to the preceding claim, in which the gripping device (18) comprises a receiving plate (18c) and a disengagement clamp (18a), and can take two positions: - A first position in which the receiving plate (18c) is in contact with the lower container (12) and the disengagement clamp (18a) also exerts a maximum pinching force on the lower container (12); - A second position in which the disengagement clamp (18a) exerts a minimal pinching force on the lower container (12), In which in step a), the receiving tray (18c) comes into contact with the container (12) to be filled, And in which before step d), the gripping device (17) moves to the first position.