WO2024028406A1 - Winding, component for an electric machine, and method for producing a winding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a winding (110) for a component (100) of an electric machine (105). The component (100) comprises an annular laminated core (115) with a plurality of slots (122, 132, 142, 152) which extend axially through the laminated core (115) for receiving sub-strands (a1; A1, A2, a3; A3) of the winding (110) in a plurality of winding layers arranged in a radially adjacent manner. The winding layers comprise at least one radially innermost inner layer, a radially outermost outer layer, and at least two intermediate layers arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer. Additionally, a first sub-strand (a1) of the winding (110) is wired to a second sub-strand (A2) of the winding (110) in winding layers arranged adjacently to each other or within the same winding layer.

Description

Winding, component for an electrical machine and method for producing a winding

The present invention relates to a winding, a component for an electrical machine, an electrical machine, a transmission device, an electric axle drive, a motor vehicle and a method for producing a winding.

Electric machines may include components with windings of, for example, copper wires for conducting electrical energy to generate magnetic fields. The tension of such windings can be realized on a complete winding layer of the component due to additional circuit elements or lost and additional motion.

Against this background, the present invention provides an improved winding, an improved component for an electric machine, an improved electric machine, an improved transmission device, an improved electric axle drive, an improved motor vehicle and an improved method for producing a winding according to the Main claims. Advantageous configurations result from the subclaims and the following description.

The winding presented here has a reduced winding head height. This allows the installation space requirement and the copper weight to be reduced. By evenly distributing the winding head, the thermal peak of the entire winding can also be minimized. In addition, the winding is easy to manufacture and has a compact circuit.

A winding is provided for a component of an electrical machine, the component comprising an annular laminated core with a plurality of grooves extending axially through the laminated core for receiving partial strands of the winding in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers. The winding layers include at least one radially innermost inner layer, a radially outermost outer layer and at least two intermediate layers arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer. In addition, a first partial strand of the winding is connected to a second partial strand of the winding in winding layers arranged adjacent to one another or within the same winding layer.

The electric machine can be, for example, an electric drive motor or another electric machine, for example for a vehicle. The electric machine may include various components, such as a rotor and a stator. The component, for example an annular stator, can be designed as a laminated core made up of several individual sheets through which the grooves for receiving the partial strands of the winding extend. The grooves can be numbered along the circumference of the laminated core so that each groove can be assigned a unique position. Each of the grooves can accommodate a plurality of partial strands, which can be arranged radially adjacent in the groove. The number of partial strands that can be accommodated by a groove can correspond to a number of winding layers. The winding layers can therefore represent different sections of the grooves. The winding can be, for example, a flat wire winding, the individual strands of which can be designed, for example, as so-called hairpin wires, that is, as electrically conductive wires with a geometry similar to a hairpin. The individual partial strands can, for example, be inserted into the corresponding grooves in the laminated core and connected to one another on a twist side. For example, two free end sections of two partial strands can be bent towards each other and, for example, electrically conductively coupled to one another or twisted around one another. Advantageously, in the winding presented here, a so-called pitch distance between two connected sections on the twist side is as small as possible, which advantageously results in a lower load on the individual wires and allows material to be saved. For this purpose, two partial strands of the winding with the respective interconnected sections are arranged in adjacent winding layers. For example, a section of the first sub-strand can be arranged in one of the intermediate layers and connected to a section of the second sub-strand, which can be arranged in, for example, the adjacent outer layer. Alternatively, the first partial strand For example, starting from the intermediate layer, it can be connected to the second partial strand arranged in an adjacent further intermediate layer. By arranging and interconnecting individual partial strands of the winding across different winding layers of the laminated core, compact interconnection and a reduced winding head height can advantageously be achieved. As a result, the overall space requirement of the entire component as well as the copper weight can be reduced.

According to one embodiment, the winding can comprise a plurality of first and second partial strands, which can be connected to one another alternately. For example, the first partial strand can be connected to the second partial strand arranged in an adjacent winding layer. The second sub-strand can in turn be connected to a further first sub-strand in a winding position which is again arranged adjacently, and the further first sub-strand can in turn be connected to a further second sub-strand. The interconnection of the individual sub-strands can be carried out across layers and follow the respective pattern of the first sub-strand and the second sub-strand. Advantageously, the winding can be produced with a reduced winding head height, little installation space requirement and minimal material expenditure.

According to a further embodiment, a first half of the partial strands can be wound along a first main direction of the winding and a second half of the partial strands of the winding can be wound along a second main direction of the winding that is opposite to the first main direction. For example, the winding 36 can comprise partial strands which can be wound in, for example, four winding layers along the annular laminated core. For example, the partial strands 1 to 18 can be wound in the first main direction, for example clockwise along the ring shape. The partial strands 19 to 36 can then be wound in the opposite second main direction, for example counterclockwise.

According to a further embodiment, the first partial strand can have a first input section, a first output section and a first Have an input section and a connection section connecting the first output section. The first input section can be arranged in a first input groove of the grooves and in a first input position of the winding layers and the first output section can be arranged in a first output groove of the grooves spaced from the first input groove along a circumference of the laminated core and in a first starting position the winding layers can be arranged. The first input layer can correspond to the inner layer or the outer layer and the first output layer can correspond to a winding layer that differs from the first input layer. The first input section and the first output section can be understood, for example, as essentially parallel legs of the hairpin wire, which can be connected to one another via the connecting section, for example on a crown side of the winding. The first input section and the first output section can be arranged in different grooves at different radial positions as well as in different winding positions of the laminated core, so that the free ends of the shark pin on the twist side can be arranged radially and additionally or alternatively at a distance from one another along the circumference . If the laminated core has, for example, four winding layers, the first input section can be arranged, for example, in the inner layer. On the crown side, the first input section can be connected to the first output section by the first connecting section, for example across several grooves in the laminated core, which can be arranged, for example, in the adjacent intermediate layer of the winding. Alternatively, for example, the first entrance section can be arranged in the outer layer. On the crown side, the first input section can be connected to the first output section through the first connecting section, for example via several grooves and several intermediate layers, which can be arranged, for example, in the inner layer of the winding.

Furthermore, the first output section of the first partial strand can be connected to a second input section of the second partial strand. The second input section can be arranged in a second input position of the winding layers that differs from the first starting position, wherein the first starting position can be assigned a first twist direction of the winding and the second input position, a second twist direction of the winding that differs from the first twist direction. A twist direction can be understood as meaning a direction or an angle in which an end section of a hairpin wire protrudes from the laminated core. For example, two wire ends with opposite twist directions can be connected to one another, that is, twisted or twisted around each other. In such an exemplary manner, the first output section of the first partial strand can be connected on the twist side to the second input section of the second partial strand. For example, the first output section can be arranged in an intermediate layer to which the first twist direction can be assigned, whereby, for example, wires exiting here can be aligned clockwise along the circumference. The second input section connected to the first output section can, for example, be arranged in an adjacent further intermediate layer to which the second twist direction, for example counterclockwise, can be assigned. As a result, the two sections can advantageously be interconnected with minimal strain on the wires.

According to a further embodiment, the first input section of the first sub-strand can be arranged in the outer layer and the first output section of the first sub-strand can be arranged in the inner layer. The first connecting section of the first partial strand can span a second connecting section of the second partial strand, wherein the second connecting section can connect the second input section of the second partial strand with a second output section of the second partial strand. For example, the inner layer and the outer layer of the winding on the crown side can be formed axially higher than the winding layers arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer. Thus, connecting sections of partial strands in the intermediate layers can be arranged hidden by connecting sections of partial strands in the inner and outer layers.

In addition, the second input section of the second partial strand can be arranged in an intermediate layer arranged adjacent to the inner layer and the second output section of the second partial strand can be arranged in an intermediate layer be arranged adjacently arranged further intermediate layer. The second output section can be connected to a further first input section of a further first partial strand, with the further first input section being able to be arranged in the outer layers. For example, the further first partial strand can be guided from the outer layer to the inner layer in the same way as the first partial strand and can be connected from the inner layer to a further second partial strand in the intermediate layer. The respective grooves of the input and output sections can be spaced apart from one another along the circumference, so that a uniform winding along the annular laminated core can advantageously be achieved.

According to a further embodiment, the first input section of the first partial strand can be arranged in the inner layer and the first output section of the first partial strand can be arranged in the intermediate layer adjacent to the inner layer. The second input section of the second partial strand can be arranged in the inner layer and the second output section of the second partial strand can be arranged in the intermediate layer. The second output section can, for example, in turn be connected to a further first input section of a further first partial strand, which can be arranged in the inner layer like the first input section of the first partial strand. In this exemplary manner, several partial strands can be wound along the inner layer and the intermediate layer, for example until the annular laminated core is circled at least once. Subsequently, for example, a partial strand starting from the intermediate layer can be connected to another partial strand entering an adjacently arranged further intermediate layer, so that other partial strands can be wound along the further intermediate layer and the adjacent outer layer according to the winding pattern described .

In addition, a component for an electrical machine with a variant of the winding presented previously is presented. The component also includes the annular laminated core with the plurality of grooves extending axially through the laminated core for receiving the partial strands of the winding in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers. Through this combination you can Advantageously, the advantages described above can be optimally implemented. For example, the component can include three of the windings described above, for example to carry three different phases, whereby all windings can be wound according to the same winding pattern. This can advantageously be used to realize a compact component with optimized interconnection of the individual phases.

An electrical machine can include a component mentioned, which can be designed as either a stator or a rotor. For example, the component can include three of the windings mentioned.

The electric machine is suitable, for example, for an electric axle drive. Such an electric axle drive for a motor vehicle includes at least one electric machine, a transmission device and a power converter. The power converter can be designed, for example, as an inverter. Using the power converter, an electrical current required to operate the electrical machine can be provided. Using the transmission device, a torque provided by the electric machine can be converted into a drive torque for driving at least one wheel of the motor vehicle. The transmission device can have a transmission for reducing the speed of the electric machine and optionally a differential.

Accordingly, a motor vehicle can include a named electric machine and, additionally or alternatively, a named electric axle drive.

In addition, a method for producing a variant of the previously presented winding for a variant of the previously presented component is presented. The method includes a step of passing the first partial strand and the second partial strand of the winding through winding layers arranged adjacent to one another and a step of connecting the first partial strand to the second partial strand of the winding. The invention is explained in more detail using the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 shows a schematic side view of a component of an electrical machine with a winding according to an exemplary embodiment;

2A shows a schematic top view representation of a component with a winding according to an exemplary embodiment;

2B shows a schematic top view representation of a component with a winding according to an exemplary embodiment;

3 shows an oblique top view of a component with a winding according to an exemplary embodiment;

4A shows an oblique top view of a component with a winding according to an exemplary embodiment;

4B shows an oblique top view of a component with a winding according to an exemplary embodiment;

5 shows a tabular representation of an exemplary embodiment of a winding scheme for a winding;

6 shows a tabular representation of an exemplary embodiment of a winding scheme for a winding;

7 shows a schematic representation of a first partial strand according to an exemplary embodiment;

8 shows a flowchart of a method for producing a winding according to an exemplary embodiment; and

Fig. 9 shows a motor vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment.

In the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numbers are used for the elements shown in the various figures and which have a similar effect, with a repeated description of these elements being omitted.

1 shows a schematic side view of a component 100 of an electrical machine 105 with a winding 110 according to an exemplary embodiment. The component 100 is designed as a stator merely by way of example and includes a Annular laminated core 115 with a plurality of grooves extending axially through the laminated core for receiving partial strands of the winding 110 in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers. The winding layers include a radially innermost inner layer, a radially outermost outer layer and two intermediate layers arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer. A first partial strand a1 of the winding 110 is connected to a second partial strand A2 of the winding 110 in winding layers arranged adjacent to one another.

The partial strands of the winding 110 are designed as flat wires for conducting an electrical energy flow with a hairpin-like geometry, which is why they can also be referred to as hairpins or hairpin wires. By way of example, each hairpin has two sections or legs, each guided through a groove in the laminated core, which are connected to one another on a crown side 117 of the component 100. On a twist side 118 opposite the crown side 117, the free ends of each hairpin wire can be connected to another wire. Thus, the winding 110 comprises, merely by way of example, the first partial strand a1, which is arranged with a first input section 120 in a first input groove 122. The first input section 120 is positioned within the first input groove 122 in a first input position in this exemplary embodiment. By way of example only, the first input layer is the outer layer of the winding 1 10.

On the crown side 117, the first input section 120 of the first partial strand a1 is connected to a first output section 130 by a first connecting section 124, purely as an example. In one exemplary embodiment, the first output section 130 is arranged in a first output groove 132 and leads therein essentially parallel to the first input section 120 from the crown side 117 to the twist side 118. The first output groove 132 is along a circumference of the laminated core 115 spaced from the first input groove 122. In addition, the first output section 130 is positioned within the first output groove 132 merely by way of example in a first starting position, which in one exemplary embodiment is the inner layer of the winding 110. Through this For example, the first connecting section 124 spans the intermediate layers of the winding 1 10 arranged between the outer layer and the inner layer.

The first output section 130 is, for example, connected to a second input section 140 of the second sub-strand A2. In one exemplary embodiment, the second input section 140 is arranged in a second input groove 142 in a second input position, the second input groove 142 being positioned, for example, at a distance from the first input groove 122 and the first output groove 132. In one exemplary embodiment, the second input layer corresponds to an intermediate layer of the winding layers arranged adjacent to the inner layer. The second input section 142 is connected to a second output section 150 via a second connecting section 144, merely by way of example. The second output section 150 is arranged in a second output groove 152, which is positioned along the circumference of the laminated core 115 at a distance from the first input groove 122, the first output groove 132 and the second input groove 142. In one exemplary embodiment, the second output section 150 is arranged within the second output groove 152 in a second initial position, the second initial position corresponding merely by way of example to a further intermediate layer which is arranged between the intermediate layer and the outer layer.

Figures 2A and 2B each show a schematic top view of a component 100 with a winding 110 according to an exemplary embodiment. The component 100 and winding 110 shown here correspond or are similar to the component and winding described in the previous figure. The component 100 is shown from the crown side in the illustration shown here. In this exemplary embodiment, the annular laminated core 115 of the component 100 comprises four winding layers L1, L2, L3, L4 for receiving the winding 110. The winding layers L1, L2, L3, L4 of the laminated core 115 are arranged radially adjacent to one another , whereby only by way of example an inner layer L1 is arranged radially on the innermost edge of the winding 110 and an outer layer L4 is arranged radially on the inside. An intermediate layer L2 is arranged adjacent to the inner layer L1 and a further intermediate layer L3 is arranged between the intermediate layer L2 and the outer layer L4. The partial strands of the winding 1 10 in this exemplary embodiment are according to one Winding scheme wound as described in Figure 5 below. As a result, merely by way of example, the connecting sections 124, 144 and other connecting sections of other partial strands of the winding 110 are each guided from the outer layer L4 to the inner layer L1 and span the partial strands of the winding 110 arranged in the intermediate layers L2, L3.

3 shows an oblique top view of a component 100 with a winding 110 according to an exemplary embodiment. The component 100 and winding 110 shown here correspond or are similar to the component and winding described in the previous figures. In the illustration shown here, the component 100 is shown from the crown side, with the connecting sections 124, 144 and further connecting sections of further sub-strands being shaped similar to a flat roof. This shape also saves material.

Figures 4A and 4B each show an oblique top view of a component 100 with a winding 110 according to an exemplary embodiment. The component 100 and winding 110 shown here correspond or are similar to the component and winding described in the previous figure. The component 100 comprises an annular laminated core 115 with a plurality of grooves for receiving only, for example, three windings 110, 400, 405 in a total of four winding layers arranged radially adjacent, for example. In this exemplary embodiment, the winding 110 is designed to carry a U phase and for this purpose has two phase connections U1, U2 for introducing and discharging a corresponding current flow into and out of the winding 110. By way of example only, a second winding 400 is designed to carry a W phase and for this purpose has two phase connections W1, W2 for initiating and discharging a corresponding current flow into and out of the second winding 400. Similarly, in this exemplary embodiment, a third winding 405 is designed to carry a V phase and for this purpose has two phase connections V1, V2 for introducing and discharging a corresponding current flow into and out of the winding 110. The component 100 is shown from the twist side in both illustrations shown here, so that both the phase connections U1, U2, W1, W2, V1, V2 as well as the Interconnection of the partial strands are shown with one another. In this case, an exemplary further first partial strand a3 with a further first input section 410 is arranged in an outer layer of the winding in this exemplary embodiment. The further first input section is aligned in a first twist direction merely as an example and is accordingly bent to the right in the illustration shown here in order to be connected to the second partial strand. The alignment of the further first partial strand a3 and other partial strands of the windings 110, 400, 405 results in a low winding head height H of the windings 110, 400, 405.

5 shows a tabular representation of an exemplary embodiment of a winding scheme 500 for a winding as described in the previous figures. The winding scheme 500 shown here is designed as an example for a component with a laminated core with, for example, 54 slots and a number of holes of 3 to accommodate a total of three windings 110, 400, 405, in which, for example, the phases U, W and V are carried . The positions 1 to 54 of the slots along the circumference of the laminated core are indicated in the top three lines of the table, the top line corresponding to the winding 110 carrying the U phase, the row below that corresponding to the W phase carrying second winding 400 and the row below it of the additional winding 405 leading the V phase. The positions of the respective connections of the individual phases are indicated in the fourth row, where U1 denotes an input and U2 denotes an output of the U phase, W1 denotes an input and W2 an output of the W phase and V1 an input and V2 an output of the V phase.

For example, four lines below the position markings correspond to four winding layers of the winding. The top line corresponds to the radially outermost outer layer L4 of the winding and the bottom line corresponds to the radially innermost inner layer L1. In the table shown here, the intermediate layer L2 is arranged above the inner layer L1 and is to be understood as a winding layer arranged radially adjacent to the inner layer L1 in the laminated core. The line arranged above also denotes the further intermediate layer L3 arranged radially adjacent to the intermediate layer L2, which in this exemplary embodiment is arranged between the intermediate layer L2 and the outer layer L4. The individual winding layers L1, L2, L3, L4 assigned two different twist directions T1, T2. Merely as an example, the inner layer L1 and the outer layer L4 are each assigned a first twist direction T1, which is right-directed merely as an example in the illustration shown here. In this exemplary embodiment, the intermediate layer L2 and the further intermediate layer L3 are each assigned a second twisting direction T2 that runs in opposite directions, i.e. in the table to the left. In the bottom line of the winding diagram 500, inputs and outputs of the partial strands of the winding are marked starting from a twist side of the winding.

In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the winding scheme 500 is shown merely as an example using a winding of the U-phase. The remaining windings can be wound according to the same scheme.

In this exemplary embodiment, the first input section of the first partial strand a1, as described in the previous FIG. 1, is arranged at a first input position 40 in a first input groove of the grooves and in a first input position of the winding layers. By way of example only, the first input position in this exemplary embodiment corresponds to the outer layer L4 of the winding layers and the first input position 40 corresponds to a position of the numbered 54 grooves along the circumference of the winding. The first output section of the first partial strand a1 is arranged, for example, at a first starting position 49 in a first output groove of the grooves spaced from the first input groove along a circumference of the laminated core and in a first starting position of the winding layers. In this exemplary embodiment, the first starting position corresponds to the inner position L1. As a result, the connecting section of the partial strand a1 spans, for example, the two intermediate layers L2, L3 of the winding as well as eight slots arranged between the input slot and the output slot.

In this exemplary embodiment, the first output section of the first sub-string a1 is connected to a second input section of the second sub-string A2. The second input section is arranged, for example, in the intermediate layer L2 arranged adjacent to the inner layer L1. Since opposite twist directions T1, T2 are assigned to the inner layer L1 and the intermediate layer L2, one Interconnection of the partial strands a1, A2 is possible with minimal effort. In this case, the second input section is arranged, for example, at a second input position 42, so that there is a distance of 7 grooves between the first output section and the second input section. Accordingly, the sections can be interconnected with 3.5 twist steps, as this corresponds to half the number of slots to be spanned.

In this exemplary embodiment, the second output section of the second partial strand A2 is arranged in a second starting position 51 in the further intermediate layer arranged adjacent to the intermediate layer. The second output section is in turn connected, for example, to a further first input section of a further first partial strand a3, with the further first input section being arranged in this exemplary embodiment at a further first input position 4 in the outer layer L4. The further first partial strand a3, similar to the first partial strand a1, spans the intermediate layers L2, L3, for example, and is connected, starting from the inner layer L1, to a further second partial strand A4, which, for example, enters the intermediate layer L2 and exits the further intermediate layer L3 - goes.

Corresponding to the described partial strands a1, A2, a3, A4, further partial strands a5 to A18 of the winding are alternately connected to one another in the same way, so that a first half of the partial strands is wound along a first main direction H1 of the winding. In this exemplary embodiment, an exemplary additional second sub-strand A18 is connected to another first sub-strand a19, the interconnection being carried out within the further intermediate layer L3 only as an example. The other first sub-strand a19 is, merely by way of example, guided from the further intermediate layer L3 at another first input position 26 to another first starting position 16 in the intermediate layer L2 and is connected to another second sub-strand A20, which is, for example, in the inner layer L1 arrives. The other second partial strand A20 is guided, merely as an example, from another second input position 23 in the inner layer L1 to another second starting position 14 in the outer layer L4. In this exemplary embodiment, the winding pattern of the partial strands a19 to A36 is similar to the previously described winding pattern Partial strands a1 to A18, with the difference that this second half of the partial strands of the winding is wound along a second main direction H2 of the winding that runs in the opposite direction to the first main direction H1.

6 shows a tabular representation of an exemplary embodiment of a further winding scheme 600 for a winding, as described in the previous FIGS. 1 to 4.

The further winding scheme 600 shown here is similar to the winding scheme described in the previous FIG For example, the phases U, W and V are carried out. Positions 1 to 54 of the grooves along the circumference of the laminated core are indicated in the top three lines of the table, the top line corresponding to the further winding 110 carrying the U phase, and the line below corresponding to the W phase leading second winding 400 and the row below it of the additional winding 405 leading the V phase. The positions of the respective connections of the individual phases are indicated in the fourth line, where U1 is an input and U2 is an output of the U phase denotes, W1 an input and W2 an output of the W phase and V1 an input and V2 an output of the V phase.

For example, four lines below the position markings correspond to four winding layers of the winding. The top line corresponds to the radially outermost outer layer L4 of the winding and the bottom line corresponds to the radially innermost inner layer L1. In the table shown here, the intermediate layer L2 is arranged above the inner layer L1 and is to be understood as a winding layer arranged radially adjacent to the inner layer L1 in the laminated core. The line arranged above also denotes the further intermediate layer L3 arranged radially adjacent to the intermediate layer L2, which in this exemplary embodiment is arranged between the intermediate layer L2 and the outer layer L4. Two different twist directions T1, T2 are assigned to the individual winding layers L1, L2, L3, L4. By way of example only, the outer layer L4 and the intermediate layer L2 each have the first twist direction T1 assigned, which is right-wing in the illustration shown here only as an example. In this exemplary embodiment, the inner layer L1 and the further intermediate layer L3 are each assigned the opposite, i.e. left-directed, second twist direction T2. In the bottom line of the winding diagram 500, inputs and outputs of the partial strands of the winding are marked starting from a twist side of the winding.

In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the further winding scheme 600 is shown purely as an example using a winding of the U-phase. The remaining windings can be wound according to the same pattern.

In this exemplary embodiment, the first input section of the first partial strand A1, as described in the previous FIG. 1, is arranged at a first input position 42 in a first input groove of the grooves and in a first input position of the winding layers. By way of example only, the first input position in this exemplary embodiment corresponds to the inner layer L1 of the winding layers and the first input position 42 corresponds to a position of the numbered 54 grooves along the circumference of the winding. The first output section of the first partial strand A1 is arranged, for example, at a first starting position 53 in a first output groove of the grooves spaced from the first input groove along a circumference of the laminated core and in a first starting position of the winding layers. In this exemplary embodiment, the first initial position corresponds to the intermediate position L2. As a result, the connecting section of the partial strand A1, for example, partially spans the inner layer L2 and the adjacent intermediate layer L2 as well as ten grooves arranged between the input groove and the output groove.

In this exemplary embodiment, the first output section of the first sub-string A1 is connected to a second input section of the second sub-string A2. The second input section is again arranged in the inner layer L1, but in a second input groove spaced from the first input groove at a second input position 6. Since the inner layer L1 and the intermediate layer L2 are assigned opposite twist directions T1, T2, an interconnection is required the sub-strands A1, A2 possible with minimal effort. This is the second one Input section, for example, arranged 7 grooves away from the first output section. Accordingly, the sections can be interconnected with 3.5 twist steps, as this corresponds to half the number of slots to be spanned.

In this exemplary embodiment, the second output section of the second partial strand A2 is arranged in the intermediate layer at a second starting position 15, like the first output section of the first partial strand. The second output section is in turn connected, for example, to a further first input section of a further first partial strand A3, with the further first input section being arranged in this exemplary embodiment at a further first input position 22 in the inner layer L1. The further first sub-strand A3, similar to the first sub-strand A1 and the second sub-strand A2, partially spans the inner layer L1 and the intermediate layer L2 and, starting from the intermediate layer L2, is connected to a further second sub-strand A4, which, for example, is also in the Enters the inner layer L1 and exits the intermediate layer L2. In this way, merely by way of example, a first quarter of the partial strands A1 to A9 of the winding are alternately interconnected and wound along the first main direction H1 of the winding around the inner layer L1 and the intermediate length L2.

In this exemplary embodiment, an additional second sub-strand A9 is connected to another first sub-strand A10 starting from the intermediate layer L2, with the other first sub-strand A10 entering the further intermediate layer L3 and exiting in the outer layer L4. The other first sub-strand A10 is, for example, connected to another second sub-strand A11, which also enters the further intermediate layer L3 and exits in the outer layer L4. In this way, a second quarter of the partial strands A10 to A18 of the winding are, for example, alternately connected to one another and wound along the first main direction H1 of the winding around the further intermediate layer L3 and the outer layer L4.

In this exemplary embodiment, similar to the winding scheme described in the previous FIG. 5, a second half of the partial strands a19 to a36 is wound along the second main direction H2 of the winding, which runs counter to the first main direction H1. All that is needed for this is a partial strand A18 with a partial strand a19 For example, connected within the outer layer L4. Subsequently, a third quarter of the partial strands a19 to a27 are alternately interconnected and wound along the second main direction H2 of the winding around the outer layer L4 and the further intermediate layer L3. A fourth quarter of the partial strands a28 to a36 are, for example, alternately connected to one another and wound around the intermediate layer L2 and the inner layer L1 along the second main direction H2 of the winding.

7 shows a schematic representation of a first partial strand A1 according to an exemplary embodiment. The first partial strand A1 shown here corresponds to or is similar to the first partial strand described in the previous figures 1, 5 and 6 and can be used in a winding as described in the previous figures. In this exemplary embodiment, the first partial strand A1 is formed as a flat wire made of a copper material for conducting electrical energy and with a hairpin-like geometry. The first partial strand A1 comprises a first input section 120 and a first output section 130 for passing through a groove of a laminated core of a component. The first input section 120 and the first output section 130 are connected by a first connection section 124.

8 shows a flowchart of a method 800 for producing a winding according to an exemplary embodiment. The method 800 includes a step 805 of passing the first partial strand and the second partial strand of the winding through winding layers arranged adjacent to one another. In addition, the method 800 includes a step 810 of connecting the first partial strand to the second partial strand of the winding.

9 shows a motor vehicle 900 according to an exemplary embodiment. The motor vehicle has an electric axle drive with an electric machine 105, as described, for example, with reference to the previous figures. Electrical energy for operating the electrical machine 105 is provided by an energy supply device 902, for example a battery. For example, a direct current is provided by the energy supply device 902, which is supplied to the transmission device using a power converter 904 an alternating current, for example a three-phase alternating current, is converted and provided to the electrical machine 105. A shaft driven by the electric machine 105 is coupled to at least one wheel 908 of the motor vehicle 900 directly or using a transmission device 906. The motor vehicle 900 can therefore be moved using the electric machine 105. According to one exemplary embodiment, the electric axle drive comprises a housing in which the power converter 904, the electric machine 105 and the transmission device 906 are arranged in an integrated manner.

Reference numeral 4 another first entry position of a winding scheme 6 second entry position of a further winding scheme 14 another second starting position of a winding scheme 15 second starting position of a further winding scheme 16 another first starting position of a winding scheme 22 further first entry position of a further winding scheme 23 another second entry position of a winding scheme 26 another first entry position of a winding scheme 40 first entry position of a winding scheme 42 second entry position of a winding scheme 42 first entry position of a further winding scheme 49 first starting position of a winding scheme 5 1 second starting position of a winding scheme 53 first starting position of a further winding scheme 100 component 105 electrical machine 110 winding 115 laminated core 1 17 crown side 118 twist side 120 first input section 122 first input slot 124 first connecting section 130 first output section 132 first output slot 140 second input section 142 second input slot 144 second connecting section 150 second output section 152 second output slot 400 further winding 405 additional winding

410 further first entrance section

500 winding scheme

600 another winding scheme

800 Methods of making a winding

805 step of performing

810 Interconnection step

900 motor vehicle

902 Energy supply device

904 power converter

906 transmission device

908 wheel a1 first partial strand according to a winding scheme

A1 first partial strand according to another winding scheme

A2 second partial strand a3 further first partial strand according to a winding scheme

A3 further first partial strand according to another winding scheme

A4 further second part strand

A9 additional second partial strand according to another winding scheme

A10 other first partial strand according to another winding scheme

A11 other second partial strand according to another winding scheme

A18 additional second partial strand according to a winding scheme a19 other first partial strand according to a winding scheme

A20 other second partial strand according to a winding scheme

H winding head height

H1 first main direction of the winding

H2 second main direction of the winding

L1 inner layer

L2 intermediate layer

L3 further intermediate layer

L4 outer layer

T1 first twist direction

T2 second twist direction

Claims

Patent claims 1. Winding (110) for a component (100) of an electrical machine (105), the component (100) being an annular laminated core (115) with a plurality of grooves (122) extending axially through the laminated core (115), 132, 142, 152) for receiving partial strands (a1; A1, A2, a3; A3) of the winding (110) in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4), whereby the winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4) comprise at least one radially innermost inner layer (L1), a radially outermost outer layer (L4) and at least two intermediate layers (L2, L3) arranged between the inner layer (L1) and the outer layer (L4). , wherein a first partial strand (a1; A1) of the winding (110) is connected to a second partial strand (A2) of the winding (110) in winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4) arranged adjacent to one another or within the same winding layer (L1, L2 , L3, L4) is connected. 2. Winding (110) according to claim 1, wherein the winding (110) comprises a plurality of first and second partial strands (a1; A1, A2) which are alternately connected to one another. 3. Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a first half of the partial strands (a1; A1, A2, a3; A3) is wound along a first main direction (H1) of the winding (110) and a second half of the partial strands Winding (1 10) is wound along a second main direction (H2) of the winding (110) which is opposite to the first main direction (H1). 4. Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first partial strand (a1; A1) has a first input section (120), a first output section (130) and a first input section (120) and the first output - Has a connecting section (124) connecting the passage section (130), the first input section (120) being in a first input groove (122) of the grooves (122, 132, 142, 152) and in a first input position of the winding layers (L1, L2, L3 , L4) is arranged and the first output section (130) is arranged in a first output groove (132) of the grooves (122, 132, 142) spaced from the first input groove (122) along a circumference of the laminated core (115). 152) and is arranged in a first starting position of the winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4), the first starting position being the Inner layer (L1) or the outer layer (L4) corresponds and the first starting layer corresponds to a winding layer (L1, L2, L3, L4) that differs from the first input layer. 5. Winding (110) according to claim 4, wherein the first output section (130) of the first partial strand (a1; A1) is connected to a second input section (140) of the second partial strand (A2), the second input section (140) in a a second input layer of the winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4) which differs from the first initial position is arranged, the first initial position being assigned a first twist direction (T1) of the winding (110) and the second input layer being assigned a direction different from the first Twist direction (T1) distinguishing second twist direction (T2) of the winding (110). 6. Winding (110) according to one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the first input section (120) of the first partial strand (a1; A1) (a1; A1) is arranged in the outer layer (L4) and the first output section (130) of the first sub-strand (a1; A1) is arranged in the inner layer (L1), wherein the first connecting section (124) of the first sub-strand (a1; A1) spans a second connecting section (144) of the second sub-strand (A2), wherein the second connecting section (144) connects the second input section (140) of the second sub-strand (A2) with a second output section (150) of the second sub-strand (A2). 7. Winding (110) according to claim 6, wherein the second input section (140) of the second partial strand (A2) is arranged in an intermediate layer (L2) arranged adjacent to the inner layer (L1) and the second output section (150) of the second Partial strand (A2) in a further intermediate layer (L3) arranged adjacent to the intermediate layer (L2), the second output section (150) being connected to a further first input section (410) of a further first partial strand (a3; A3). is switched, the further first input section (410) being arranged in the outer layer (L4). 8. Winding (110) according to claim 4, wherein the first input section (120) of the first partial strand (a1; A1) is arranged in the inner layer (L1) and the first Output section (130) of the first sub-strand (a1; A1) in the intermediate layer (L2) adjacent to the inner layer (L1), the second input section (140) of the second sub-strand (A2) being arranged in the inner layer (L1) and the second Output section (150) of the second partial strand (A2) in the intermediate layer (L2). 9. Component (100) for an electrical machine (105) with a winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims and with the annular laminated core (115) with the plurality of grooves (122) extending axially through the laminated core (115). , 132, 142, 152) for receiving partial strands (a1; A1, A2, a3; A3) of the winding (110) in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4). 10. Electrical machine (105) with a component (100) according to claim 9, wherein the component (100) is designed as a stator or as a rotor of the electrical machine (105) and three windings (110, 400, 405) according to one which includes claims 1 to 8. 11. Electric axle drive for a motor vehicle (900) with at least one electric machine (105), a transmission device (906) and a power converter (904), characterized in that the electric machine (105) is designed according to claim 10. 12. Motor vehicle (900), comprising an electric machine (105) according to claim 10 and / or an electric axle drive according to claim 1 1. 13. Method (800) for producing a winding (110) according to one of claims 1 to 8 for a component (100) according to claim 9, wherein the method (800) has the following steps (805, 810): Passing (805) the first partial strand (a1; A1) and the second partial strand (A2) of the winding (110) through winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4) arranged adjacent to one another; and Interconnecting (810) the first partial strand (a1; A1) with the second partial strand (A2) of the winding (110).