WO2024019637A1 - Лекарственное средство (варианты) и устройство для применения - Google Patents
Лекарственное средство (варианты) и устройство для применения Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024019637A1 WO2024019637A1 PCT/RU2023/050052 RU2023050052W WO2024019637A1 WO 2024019637 A1 WO2024019637 A1 WO 2024019637A1 RU 2023050052 W RU2023050052 W RU 2023050052W WO 2024019637 A1 WO2024019637 A1 WO 2024019637A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
- A61M16/022—Control means therefor
- A61M16/024—Control means therefor including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
- A61M16/0883—Circuit type
- A61M16/0891—Closed circuit, e.g. for anaesthesia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/12—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
- A61M16/201—Controlled valves
- A61M16/202—Controlled valves electrically actuated
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
- A61M16/0078—Breathing bags
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/01—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes specially adapted for anaesthetising
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
- A61M16/0666—Nasal cannulas or tubing
- A61M16/0672—Nasal cannula assemblies for oxygen therapy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
- A61M16/208—Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves
- A61M16/209—Relief valves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/22—Carbon dioxide-absorbing devices ; Other means for removing carbon dioxide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1005—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement
- A61M2016/102—Measuring a parameter of the content of the delivered gas
- A61M2016/1035—Measuring a parameter of the content of the delivered gas the anaesthetic agent concentration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/02—Gases
- A61M2202/0208—Oxygen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/02—Gases
- A61M2202/0241—Anaesthetics; Analgesics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/02—Gases
- A61M2202/025—Helium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/02—Gases
- A61M2202/0291—Xenon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/30—Blood pressure
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of medicine, in particular to health care, emergency medical care, including specialized emergency medical care, military field therapy, and disaster medicine.
- the drug is intended for relieving and inhibiting the development of the acute phase of ischemic stroke, coronary and respiratory failure, rescuing injured people with large blood loss, accompanying exogenous and endogenous hypothermia, for effective use, mainly at home or in the field, before the arrival of an ambulance , as well as at the stage of delivery to a medical institution and in a medical institution.
- the standard procedure for first aid involves:
- Primary actions for wounds consist of a set of measures, including prompt prevention of blood loss by applying bandages and tourniquets, and administering antishock medications.
- this scheme is aimed at preventing hypoxia of the brain and heart muscle, controlling hypovolemia, relieving pain shock and ensuring the preservation of vital functions until the arrival of the ambulance team.
- one of the main directions of specialized medical care for the acute phase of ischemic stroke and coronary insufficiency is also the provision of antihypoxic and thrombolytic therapy, the administration of antiplatelet agents and neuroprotectors.
- the most important task is to prevent prolonged ischemia of the penumbra zone and expansion of the infarction zone.
- Medicinal methods include the administration of drugs that have antihypoxic, neuroprotective and nootropic effects (antihypoxic agents).
- antihypoxic agents drugs that have antihypoxic, neuroprotective and nootropic effects.
- noopept RF patent No. 2330680, IPC A61K 38/05, A61K 31/401, A61K 9/08, A61K 9/19, A61J 3/00, publ. August 10, 2008.
- the use of noopept can lead to a significant reduction in the area of brain damage during experimental ischemia.
- hypoxen sodium polydihydroxyphenylene thiosulfonate
- Hypoxen restores the process of generating macroergs, disturbed or interrupted by certain pathological processes. It is used to treat ischemic damage to the central nervous system, chronic fatigue syndrome, intoxication with hypoxic poisons and other chronic and acute hypoxic conditions.
- hyperbaric oxygen therapy which consists of treatment with oxygen under high pressure (see, for example, Petrovsky B.V., Efuni S.N. Fundamentals of hyperbaric oxygenation. - M.: Medicine, 1976, 344 pp.; Artru F ., Charcornac R., Deleuze R. Hyperbaric oxygenation for severe head injuries: Preliminary results of controlled study. Eur Neurol. 1976, v.14, p. 310-318; Murthy T. Role of hyperoxia and hyperbaric oxygen in severe head injury : A review. Indian Journal of Neurotrauma 2006; Vol 3; No. 2: 77-80).
- the therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy is based on a significant increase in oxygen tension in the fluids of the body (blood, lymph, tissue fluid), which allows for rapid delivery of oxygen to tissues suffering from hypoxia and helps restore cellular respiration.
- the key disadvantage of using oxygen at elevated pressure is the possible complications, mainly in the form of increased intracranial pressure.
- One cylinder can provide breathing with an oxygen-rich mixture for several minutes, for example:
- a method of using an oxygen canister "Air-Active” in the form of inhalations is described to eliminate oxygen starvation (hypoxia), normalize metabolism in the human body, increase mental and physical performance and endurance, as well as to prepare oxygen cocktails at home.
- the "Air-Active” oxygen cartridge contains a gas mixture of Ar – 25%, O2 – 75% (manufactured by Tyumen Aerosols LLC).
- the specified mixture of oxygen with argon is more effective for the purpose of preventing hypoxia of organs, but the argon content in this mixture is at the level of 25% vol., the absence of other effective components in it, for example, xenon, and the small supply of the gas mixture does not allow the patient to breathe for a period of time. the entire period of time, which in most cases is required for the arrival of an ambulance, limits the effectiveness of this method for the purpose of stopping acute ischemic attacks when providing first aid.
- resuscitation measures are used, including infusion therapy aimed at eliminating hypovolemia.
- hemodynamic blood substitutes are also widely used: dextran preparations (reopolyglucin, polyglucin), gelatin solutions (gelatinol), hydroxyethyl starch (refortan, stabizol, infucol), saline solutions (saline solution, Ringer-lactate, lactosol), sugar solutions (glucose , glucosteril).
- dextran preparations reopolyglucin, polyglucin
- gelatin solutions gelatin solutions
- hydroxyethyl starch hydroxyethyl starch
- saline solutions saline solution, Ringer-lactate, lactosol
- sugar solutions glucose , glucosteril
- the most commonly used blood products are packed red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, and albumin.
- the mixture can also be used to treat acute respiratory failure (Use of thermal heliox (t-He/O2) in the treatment of patients with respiratory failure (respiratory distress syndrome) / Clinical guidelines of the Russian Federation 2018-2020 (Russia) / https://medelement.com ).
- this mixture of gases when using the stated technical means, affects the body only for a short time, and its composition does not sufficiently provide an antihypoxic effect and long-term maintenance of the viability of the wounded with massive blood loss, or long-term relief of an attack of acute respiratory failure.
- the “Method of the influence of gas mixtures on the body” is known according to RF patent No. 2232013, IPC A61K 31/02, A61M 16/00, A61P 43/00, publ. 07/10/2004, which involves exposing the body to a gas mixture containing oxygen and at least one diluent gas, while the therapeutic effect is carried out by changing the conditions and mode of exposure with periodic replacement of one gas mixture with another, as well as by changing , at least one of the physical characteristics of the introduced mixture and/or its parameters, while oxygen is maintained in the range of 12-85% vol.
- This invention helps to activate redox and energy processes in the body, increasing its specific adaptation to environmental changes.
- the disadvantages of using a gas mixture include the insufficiently effective effect of the drug in maintaining the life of patients with large blood loss, acute cerebral and myocardial ischemia, acute respiratory failure and hypothermia for use at the stage of first emergency care in the field, at home and in the ambulance.
- the closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is the drug in the form of a mixture of gases, proposed in the invention “Method for long-term maintenance of human vitality in field conditions for wounds with large blood loss and a device for its implementation” according to RF patent No. 2684748, IPC A61M 16/12 , publ. 04/12/2019, adopted as a prototype, which ensures long-term maintenance of the viability of the wounded while breathing the mixture.
- the mixture of gases contains up to 1-35% vol. xenon, 30-35% vol. argon, not less than 21% vol. oxygen and nitrogen - the rest.
- the disadvantage of this mixture of gases for the purposes of the present invention is the lack of a set temperature of the drug for a targeted warming antihypothermic effect on the patient, injured and wounded, and the absence of krypton gas in the mixture of gases, which complements the analgesic effect of the proposed respiratory gas mixture and ensures the use of the drug at low temperatures.
- the closest in technical essence to the claimed device for supplying medicinal gas is the device described in the invention under RF patent No. 2684748, IPC A61M 16/12, publ. 04/12/2019, adopted as a prototype, including a front part - a mask, a breathing bag with an overpressure valve, a frame, a connecting tube, a replaceable regenerative cartridge, a mouthpiece located in the mask, a dispenser bag with a switchable check valve and a connecting line, a cylinder with argon-xenon gas mixture with a volume of up to 0.5 liters with a pressure of up to 30 MPa, or two separate cylinders of smaller capacity with argon and xenon assembled and with a three-way valve for alternating gas supply, a mixture supply regulator, a connecting line for supplying the mixture to a dispenser bag , as well as a mixture pressure sensor in the cylinder, a wrist laptop computer with heart rate (HR) and blood oxygen saturation sensors, an oxygen and xenon concentration sensor in the breathing bag.
- this device does not contain a container and a gas path for storing and supplying the first warming breathing mixture of gases, there is no sensor for monitoring the concentration of the argon-krypton-xenon mixture and, thus, cannot achieve sufficient efficiency of the invention.
- the invention is aimed at the development of therapeutic agents to support the life of patients with major blood loss, acute cerebral and myocardial ischemia, acute respiratory failure and hypothermia for use at the initial preclinical stage of the development of events, the stage of first emergency care in the field, at home, in an ambulance, in hospital conditions at the stages of preparation for surgery, surgery, resuscitation and rehabilitation and possible for use in low temperature conditions.
- the technical result from the implementation of the claimed invention is a reduction in mortality and disability in cases of wounds and injuries with large blood loss, acute cerebral and myocardial ischemia, acute respiratory failure and, including hypothermia, for use at the stage of first emergency aid in the field, at home and in ambulances, as well as in medical institutions, the possibility of using the drug in low temperatures.
- a medicinal product for maintaining the life of a person with major blood loss, acute cerebral and myocardial ischemia, acute respiratory failure, and hypothermia is a medical gas including oxygen, xenon and argon, and is characterized in that it contains helium in a range of concentrations from 40 to 50% vol., argon in the concentration range from 25 to 35% vol., xenon in the concentration range from 0.2 to 5% vol., krypton in the concentration range from 2 to 10% vol. and oxygen - at least 21% vol. only up to 100% vol. in total, and the temperature of the gas mixture is 30 – 70 0C.
- a medicinal product for long-term maintenance of the viability of wounded patients with major blood loss, acute cerebral and myocardial ischemia, acute respiratory failure, and hypothermia is a medical gas including oxygen, xenon, argon, and nitrogen, characterized in that it contains oxygen in a range of concentrations from 21% vol. up to 60% vol., xenon in the concentration range from 0.2 to 35% vol., krypton in the concentration range from 0.2 to 35% vol., argon the rest in a concentration of at least 25% vol., and the gas temperature is 15 – 70o ⁇ .
- the use of the declared medicines and devices for their use will provide a reserve of time to save lives, up to 6 hours or more, for evacuation from the scene of the event from home and field conditions to a medical institution.
- the present invention claims medicines - therapeutic gases, which are a mixture of gases with a high content of inert gases and oxygen:
- the drugs claimed in the present invention are used as follows:
- the sick or wounded person is transferred to the breathing mode with a mixture of gases according to Option 1 in a composition, depending on the external air temperature and the patient’s condition, containing helium in the concentration range from 40 to 50% vol., argon in the concentration range from 25 to 35% vol. ., xenon in the concentration range from 0.2 to 5% vol., krypton in the concentration range from 2 to 10% vol. and oxygen - at least 21% vol., up to 100% vol. in total, and the temperature of the gas mixture is 30 – 70 o ⁇ .
- the mixture is served for 5 to 30 minutes or more under the supervision of a physician to relieve hypothermia, enrich the blood and tissues of the most important organs with oxygen, relieve pain shock, relieve an attack of acute ischemia and respiratory failure.
- the conventional name for the mixture of gases is “Hearoxxen” – krypto.”
- the patient is given a second mixture of gases according to Option 2, containing oxygen in a concentration range from 21% vol. up to 60% vol., xenon in the concentration range from 0.2 to 35% vol., krypton in the concentration range from 0.2 to 35% vol., argon the rest in a concentration of at least 25% vol., and the gas temperature is 15 – 70o ⁇ ,
- the mixture is fed continuously for from 20 minutes to 6 hours or more to stabilize the patient’s viability before the arrival of an ambulance and/or delivery to a medical facility.
- the conventional name for the mixture of gases is “Aroxxen” – krypto.”
- the second mixture ensures the prevention of hypothermia, enrichment of the blood and tissues of the most important organs with oxygen, relief of pain shock, long-term maintenance of vitality in case of massive blood loss, long-term relief of attacks of acute ischemia and respiratory failure.
- a particularly important role is played by the mixture "Aroxxen” - krypto" for use at home while waiting for the arrival of emergency specialists.
- the use of the drug "Aroxxen” - krypto" for 20 - 40 minutes from a compressed gas cylinder will most likely save lives and reduce consequences of ischemic attacks and injuries with blood loss and wait for emergency specialists.
- the medicine (“Hearoxxen” – krypto” and (or) “Aroxxen” – krypto”) can be administered in the manner described by the patient himself, the patient’s assistant, or a professional healthcare worker.
- devices for storing and dispensing the drug must ensure the supply of the drug within 20 to 40 minutes while waiting for the arrival of an ambulance.
- Such devices for independent use are high-pressure gas cylinders with a valve-reducer, a gas tube, a face mask, or a mouthpiece. The devices are easy to maintain, store and use and do not require special medical training.
- a device that allows, in field conditions, to create and maintain for a long time a respiratory mixture of gases with a given concentration of components and at a given temperature. It is important that the device be compact, easy to use, and light in weight.
- the continuous operation time of the device should be at least 3–4 hours or more when breathing at rest.
- FIG.1 The design of the device for the creation and use of the claimed drugs is shown in Fig.1.
- the device contains a mask 1 with a mask and a mouthpiece, a connecting unit 2, made in the form of a connecting tube with three outlets, a switchable check valve block 3, an outward exhalation line 4, connecting lines 5, a regenerative cartridge 6, for example, type RP-4R with a starting briquette, breathing bag 7 with an overpressure valve, dispenser bag 8 with a check valve, maybe of the Ambu type, cylinder 9 of small volume, for example from 0.2 to 1 liter with high pressure, for example, up to 30 MPa, with a valve and pressure gauge installed on it, filled with helium-oxygen-argon-xenon-krypton gas mixture, a heat exchange connecting line 10 made in the form of a heat exchanger, a chemical or electric heating pad with a battery 11, as well as a cylinder 12 with an argon-xenon-krypton gas mixture of small volume, for example from 0.2 to 1 liter, with high pressure, for example, up to 30 MPa, or several separate cylinders of smaller capacity with
- the device is equipped with a wrist laptop computer 16 with a heart rate (HR) sensor, blood oxygen saturation and temperature of the wounded person, and a sensor 17 for the concentration of oxygen and a mixture of argon-xenon-krypton in the breathing bag 7
- HR heart rate
- the device is placed in a packing bag (not shown in the drawing) and is equipped with a key, plug, and other auxiliary equipment.
- the device works as follows.
- a chemical or electric heating pad 11 is initiated to heat the heat exchange connecting line 10 and the respiratory mixture of gases in it to a temperature of 30 - 70 o C, open the valve for supplying the breathing gas mixture of the cylinder 9, check its supply, set the operating mode of the switchable check valve block 3 to line 4 of exhalation outwards, put mask 1 on the sick or wounded person, to relieve hypothermia the first mixture of gases is supplied for a given time (from 5 to 30 minutes or more).
- the regenerative cartridge 6 is initiated using a starting briquette, while the breathing bag 7 is filled with oxygen from the regenerative cartridge 6 through the connecting line 5.
- the operating mode of the switchable check valve block 3 is set to the connecting line 5 for supplying exhaled air towards the regenerative cartridge, if necessary close the valve of the cylinder 9, the excess of the resulting oxygen-argon-xenon-krypton mixture, with residual nitrogen, is released through the excess pressure valve of the breathing bag 7, and the remaining mixture in it is inhaled through the regenerative cartridge 6 and the dispenser bag 8 for breathing to the wounded person, in this case, if necessary, with the help of a dispenser bag 8, forced breathing can be provided to him.
- the mixture passes through the regenerative cartridge 6 into the breathing bag 7, cleared of carbon dioxide and water vapor and enriched with oxygen, and the chemical cleaning reactions are exothermic, which provides enough heat to heat the mixture in the breathing bag to a temperature of 15 – 70o ⁇ , and then, when inhaling, the oxygen-argon-krypton-xenon mixture of gases passes through the regenerative cartridge 6 again, once again being cleansed, heated and enriched with oxygen, thereby closing the breathing cycle.
- the gases argon, krypton and xenon are not consumed and do not decrease from the respiratory mixture participating in the respiratory cycle due to their inertness, but can gradually decrease due to leaks in the mask 1 clamp, which can be controlled by a specialized sensor 17, or by state analysis wounded, taking into account the readings of the computer 16, or based on the experience of the rescuer, and adjusted by adding an argon-krypton-xenon mixture or argon and xenon (krypton) separately from cylinders 12 into the breathing bag 7.
- dosing the argon-xenon-krypton mixture from cylinder 12 through the assembly block 13, regulator 14 and supply line 15 to the breathing bag 7 is carried out the required number of times with control by pressure gauges of cylinders 12 and sensor 17 to achieve the specified ratio of oxygen and argon-krypton-xenon for the required period of time up to 6-8 hours .
- spontaneous breathing is difficult, it can be forced with the help of a dispenser bag 8, by periodically pressing on it.
- FIG.2 Another embodiment of the device is shown in Fig. 2.
- a flexible plastic transparent container 18 with a sealed zipper can be used, in which the sick or wounded person is placed entirely and in which a device 19 with a regenerative substance and a chemical carbon dioxide absorber, a mask 1, which, if necessary, is placed can be put on the wounded person, connecting node 2, dispenser bag 8, cylinders 9 and 12 with breathing gas mixtures, gas mixture supply regulator 14, connecting lines 5 and 15, wrist laptop computer 16 attached to the wounded person’s arm with a heart rate sensor ( Heart rate), blood oxygen saturation and temperature of the wounded and sensor 17 of oxygen concentration and argon-krypton-xenon mixture. Gloves may be built into the container 18 to allow manipulation of the wounded person and devices placed in the container (gloves are not shown in the figure). Container 18 must be insulated entirely.
- the gas mixture from the cylinder 9 is supplied directly to the mask 1, and the exhalation is made into the container 18, and then the excess gas is removed outside through the excess pressure valve 20.
- the second gas mixture is created directly in the container when the gas mixture is supplied from cylinder 12.
- the switchable check valve unit 3 is not required in this case.
- the device 19 with a regenerative substance and a chemical absorber of carbon dioxide, located in the container 18, is put into operation immediately after placing the wounded person in the container.
- the wound is treated with antiseptic and hemostatic agents and a bandage or tourniquet is applied to stop bleeding;
- the regenerative cartridge is initiated and the components forming the second breathing mixture are added to the gas mixture obtained in the breathing bag - argon, xenon and krypton in the required quantity to form the gas "Aroxxen - krypto" in an oxygen concentration of 21% vol.
- the effect of the use of this invention is to significantly reduce the likelihood of death during ischemic attacks, massive blood loss, acute respiratory failure and combined hypothermia due to the increased likelihood of timely delivery of the patient or wounded to a hospital due to withdrawal from the state of hypothermia and a significant extension of the maintenance time a sick or wounded person in a viable condition during the period of evacuation from field or home conditions.
- IGMs Artificial gas mixtures of the stated compositions, including heated ones, supplied for breathing to laboratory animals (rats, rabbits, pigs), in which acute attacks of cerebral and myocardial ischemia, acute massive blood loss in combination with exogenous hypothermia were simulated, have greater clinical effectiveness in terms of prolongation of life and the rate of restoration of physiological functions of experimental animals than air mixtures with identical (normal or increased) oxygen content at normal or elevated temperatures.
- Concentration ranges of the components of the mixture that provide a therapeutic effect have been studied and established; values have been found that provide the maximum effect or optimal values of the concentrations of the components, taking into account the error in measurement, creation, dosing of the mixture, for the purpose of maintaining the life of patients with acute cerebral and myocardial ischemia, acute respiratory insufficiency, wounded with massive blood loss and hypothermia, for example:
- the helium content should be at least 40% vol., the temperature of the mixture should be from 30 to 70 o ⁇ , and the initial temperature of the mixture should preferably be at the lower value of the range of changes with an increase to the upper value over a period of about 5 minutes and further maintenance or a smooth decrease to 30 o ⁇ ;
- the critical temperature of krypton is 209.35 K, which allows it to be used in temperate latitudes in winter in field conditions and at arctic temperatures without the risk of condensation (for xenon - 289.74 K);
- krypton having a similar effect to xenon, is 5-8 times cheaper.
- the device for regions with hot and warm climates can be lightweight, implemented according to the scheme [Fig.1], with a reduced capacity of the cylinder with mixture 1, the absence of insulation, the use of xenon in mixtures in full, if necessary, up to 35% vol.;
- Acute myocardial ischemia in rats was modeled by ligation of coronary vessels.
- Acute cerebral ischemia in rats was modeled by focal ischemia caused by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA).
- Acute cerebral ischemia in rabbits was modeled by ligating both carotid arteries and subsequent sampling of blood from one of the carotid arteries above the ligature in a volume of 40% of the circulating blood volume (approximately 4% of the rabbit’s body weight).
- mice were randomly sorted into the control or experimental group.
- survival rate during exposure to gas of the stated 2 composition for up to 4 hours was 100%, in the control group - 33%. After cessation of exposure to medicinal gas of the stated composition 2, the survival rate in the experimental group was 77.8%.
- Table 1 Examples of compositions of variants of the proposed medicinal products, mixtures of medical gases to support the life of a person with large blood loss, acute cerebral and myocardial ischemia, acute respiratory failure, and hypothermia No. p/p Conventional name of the medicinal product Examples Quantitative composition of the drug, % vol. Purpose Effect Conditions of use He O2 Xe Kr Ar impurities, amount, ppm T, ° ⁇ 1 hearoxxen-krypto 40-50 (45 + 5) at least 21 0.2-5 2-5 rest > 25 ⁇ 500 30 - 70 maintaining human life at the initial stage of recovery from hypothermia, relief of hypoxia, with large blood loss, acute cerebral myocardial ischemia, acute respiratory failure, with hypothermia.
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Abstract
Description
| № п/п | Условное наименование лекарственного средства | Примеры | Количественный состав лекарственного средства, % об. | Назначение | Эффект | Условия применения | ||||||
| He | O2 | Xe | Kr | Ar | примеси, сумма, ppm | T, °С | ||||||
| 1 | Hearoxxen-krypto | 40-50 (45+5) | не менее 21 | 0.2-5 | 2-5 | остальное > 25 | < 500 | 30 - 70 | поддержание жизни человека на начальном этапе вывода из гипотермии, купирования гипоксии, при большой кровопотере, острой церебральной миокардиальной ишемии, острой дыхательной недостаточности, с гипотермией. | согревающий, антигипоксический, анальгетический, бронхолитический, | хранить при температуре выше 16 °С, применять краткосрочно 5 – 30 минут | |
| пример 1.1 | 45 | 23 | 2 | 5 | остальное 25 | -//- | -//- | согревающий, антигипоксический сочетанный анальгетический, бронхолитический, снижение вязкости крови | хранить и применять при температуре выше 16 °С, применять краткосрочно 5 – 30 минут | |||
| пример 1.2 | 40 | 23 | 2 | 5 | остальное 30 | -//- | -//- | согревающий, антигипоксический усиленный, сочетанный анальгетический, бронхолитический, снижение вязкости крови | хранить и применять при температуре выше 16 °С, применять краткосрочно 5 – 30 минут | |||
| пример 1.3 | 40 | 25 | 5 | 5 | остальное 25 | -//- | -//- | согревающий, антигипоксический усиленный, анальгетический усиленный, бронхолитический, снижение вязкости крови | хранить и применять при температуре выше 16 °С, применять краткосрочно 5 – 30 минут | |||
| пример 1.4 | 50 | 22.8 | 0.2 | 2 | остальное 25 | -//- | -//- | согревающий усиленный, антигипоксический анальгетический, бронхолитический, снижение вязкости крови. | хранить и применять при температуре окружающей среды от минус 50 °С до плюс 40 °С, 5 – 30 минут | |||
| 2 | Aroxxen - krypto | 0 | 21-60 | 0.2-35 | 0.2-35 | остальное > 25 | <500 | 15-70 | поддержание жизни человека на этапе купирования приступа до доставки в госпиталь | антигипоксический анальгетический, гибернатический, бронхолитический, анксиолитический | универсальный, хранить при температуре выше 16 °С, долговременное применение | |
| пример 2.1 | 0 | 60 | 2 | 3 | остальное 35 | -//- | -//- | Антигипоксический анальгетический, бронхолитический, для взрослого человека, | универсальный, хранить и применять при температуре выше 16 °С | |||
| пример 2.2 | 0 | 40 | 2 | 28 | остальное 30 | -//- | -//- | для взрослого человека с тяжёлыми травмами и приступами антигипоксический усиленный, анальгетический усиленный, бронхолитический, анксиолитический, антикоагулянт. | универсальный, желательно хранить и применять при температуре выше 16 °С | |||
| пример 2.3 | 0 | 40 | 0.2 | 29.8 | остальное 30 | -//- | -//- | для взрослого человека с тяжёлыми травмами и приступами антигипоксический усиленный, анальгетический усиленный, бронхолитический, анксиолитический, внимание –антикоагулянт! | универсальный, хранить и применять при температуре окружающей среды от минус 50 °С до плюс 40 °С | |||
| пример 2.4 | 0 | 30 | 35 | 5 | остальное 30 | -//- | -//- | для взрослого человека, находящегося в терминальном состоянии, антигипоксический усиленный, анальгетический усиленный, гибернатический, наркотический, бронхолитический, анксиолитический. | хранить и применять при температуре выше 16 °С | |||
| пример 2.5 | 0 | 30 | 0,2 | 5 | остальное > 25 25 – 64, 8 (+N2) | -//- | 20-40 | для новорожденных | универсальный, желательно хранить и применять при температуре выше 16 °С | |||
| пример 2.6 | 0 | 21 | 9 | 35 | остальное 35 | -//- | 15-70 | для взрослого человека, находящегося в состоянии болевого шока, антигипоксический, анальгетический усиленный, гибернатический, бронхолитический, анксиолитический, антикоагулянт. | хранить и применять при температуре выше 16 °С | |||
| пример 2.7 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 10 | остальное 68 | -//- | - | для этапа купирования приступов, прекондиционирования, реанимации и реабилитации, профилактики, антигипоксический, анальгетический, бронхолитический, анксиолитический, антикоагулянт | универсальный, хранить и применять при температуре окружающей среды от минус 50 °С до плюс 40 °С | |||
Claims (6)
- Лекарственное средство для поддержания жизни человека с большой кровопотерей, острой церебральной и миокардиальной ишемией, острой дыхательной недостаточностью, и с гипотермией, представляющее собой смесь газов, включающее кислород, ксенон и аргон, отличающееся тем, что оно содержит гелий в диапазоне концентраций от 40 до 50 % об., аргон в диапазоне концентраций от 25 до 35 % об., ксенон в диапазоне концентраций от 0,2 до 5 % об., криптон в диапазоне концентраций от 2 до 10 % об. и кислород – не менее 21 % об., всего до 100 % об. суммарно, причём температура смеси газов составляет 30 – 70 ºС.
- Лекарственное средство для поддержания жизни человека с большой кровопотерей, острой церебральной и миокардиальной ишемией, острой дыхательной недостаточностью, и с гипотермией, представляющее собой смесь газов, включающее кислород, ксенон, аргон, отличающееся тем, что оно содержит кислород в диапазоне концентраций от 21 % об. до 60 % об., ксенон в диапазоне концентраций от 0,2 до 35 % об., криптон в диапазоне концентраций от 0,2 до 35 % об., аргон остальное в концентрации не менее 25 % об., причем температура газа составляет 15 – 70ºС.
- Устройство для поддержания жизни человека с большой кровопотерей, острой церебральной и миокардиальной ишемией, острой дыхательной недостаточностью, и с гипотермией с помощью лекарственных средств по любому из пп.1-2 (в виде дыхательных смесей медицинских газов), характеризующееся наличием лицевой части – маски 1 с расположенным в ней загубником, соединительным узлом 2, дыхательным мешком 7 с клапаном избыточного давления, мешком-дозатором 8 связанным с переключаемым блоком обратного клапана и патроном регенерации 6 связанным с соединительной линией с дыхательным мешком 7, баллон с аргон-ксенонон- криптон смесью газов 12 или два баллона меньшей емкости с аргоном и ксеноном и криптоном в сборке и с вентилем трехходовым для поочередной подачи газов в дыхательный мешок 7 через регулятор подачи газовой смеси 14, через соединительные линии 15 для подачи смеси в дыхательный мешок 7, наручный портативный компьютер 16 с датчиком частоты сердечных сокращений и сатурации кислородом крови, датчик концентрации кислорода и ксенона в дыхательном мешке 7, предназначенные для контроля и управления состоянием раненого, характеризующееся также тем, что оно дополнительно снабжено баллоном 9 с лекарственным средством - гелий-кислородно-аргоно-ксеноно-криптоновой смесью газов, с установленными на нём вентилем и манометром, подключенным через соединительную линию 10 к маске с возможностью подачи смеси газов непосредственно в маску 1, химической или электрической грелкой 11 с теплообменной соединительной линией, переключаемым блоком обратного клапана 3, установленным между выходом соединительного узла маски и патроном регенерации 6 пневматически связанным с мешком-дозатором 8 и линией выдоха наружу, датчиком концентрации кислорода и смеси аргона-криптона-ксенона.
- Устройство по п.3, отличающееся тем, что маска, соединительный узел, переключаемый блок обратного клапана, химическая грелка с теплообменной соединительной линией, дыхательный мешок, соединительные линии, по которым в него подается дыхательная смесь газов, мешок–дозатор с обратным клапаном снабжены теплоизоляцией.
- Устройство по п. 3, отличающееся тем, что для длительного поддержания жизни человека дополнительно включает прозрачный пластиковый контейнер с герметичной молнией и встроенными перчатками для помещения в него раненого целиком, размещенные в нем маску, соединенную с мешком-дозатором с возможностью надевания ее на раненого для стимуляции дыхания, и устройство с регенерирующим веществом, а также мешок-дозатор с переключаемым обратным клапаном и соединительной линией, баллон со смесью газов или два отдельных баллона меньшей емкости с аргоном и ксеноном в сборке и с вентилем трехходовым для поочередной подачи газа, регулятор подачи газовой смеси, соединительную линию подачи смеси в мешок-дозатор, при этом устройство дополнительно снабжено баллоном с гелий-кислородно-аргоно-ксеноно-криптоновой смесью газов с установленными на нем вентилем и манометром, подключенным через теплообменную соединительную линию к маске с возможностью подачи смеси газов непосредственно в маску, химической грелкой с теплообменной соединительной линией и клапаном избыточного давления, герметично установленным в стенке пластикового контейнера, а также в баллоном 12 со смесь газов аргон-ксенон-криптон.
- Устройство по п.5, отличающееся тем, что прозрачный пластиковый контейнер снабжен теплоизоляцией целиком.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0861672B1 (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 2005-04-27 | Panina, Elena Vladimirovna | Apparatus for producing a breathing gas mixture |
| RU2466750C2 (ru) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-11-20 | Региональный некоммерческий фонд поддержки и развития петербургской науки, культуры и спорта | Способ повышения физической работоспособности человека |
| RU2684748C2 (ru) * | 2017-03-16 | 2019-04-12 | Акционерное общество "Ассоциация разработчиков и производителей систем мониторинга" | Способ длительного поддержания жизнеспособности человека в полевых условиях при ранениях с большой кровопотерей и устройство для его осуществления |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0861672B1 (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 2005-04-27 | Panina, Elena Vladimirovna | Apparatus for producing a breathing gas mixture |
| RU2466750C2 (ru) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-11-20 | Региональный некоммерческий фонд поддержки и развития петербургской науки, культуры и спорта | Способ повышения физической работоспособности человека |
| RU2684748C2 (ru) * | 2017-03-16 | 2019-04-12 | Акционерное общество "Ассоциация разработчиков и производителей систем мониторинга" | Способ длительного поддержания жизнеспособности человека в полевых условиях при ранениях с большой кровопотерей и устройство для его осуществления |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| KOZIAKOVA MARIIA, HARRIS KATIE, EDGE CHRISTOPHER J., FRANKS NICHOLAS P., WHITE IAN L., DICKINSON ROBERT: "Noble gas neuroprotection: xenon and argon protect against hypoxic–ischaemic injury in rat hippocampus in vitro via distinct mechanisms", BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA, vol. 123, no. 5, 27 August 2019 (2019-08-27), pages 601 - 609, XP093132912, ISSN: 0007-0912, DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2019.07.010 * |
| ZHOUHENG YE;RONGJIA ZHANG;XUEJUN SUN: "Bustling argon: biological effect", MEDICAL GAS RESEARCH, BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, LONDON, UK, vol. 3, no. 1, 3 October 2013 (2013-10-03), London, UK , pages 22, XP021165487, ISSN: 2045-9912, DOI: 10.1186/2045-9912-3-22 * |
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