WO2024014505A1 - ランダム共重合体、微粒子吸着剤、微粒子吸着性被膜形成用組成物および被膜 - Google Patents
ランダム共重合体、微粒子吸着剤、微粒子吸着性被膜形成用組成物および被膜 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024014505A1 WO2024014505A1 PCT/JP2023/025874 JP2023025874W WO2024014505A1 WO 2024014505 A1 WO2024014505 A1 WO 2024014505A1 JP 2023025874 W JP2023025874 W JP 2023025874W WO 2024014505 A1 WO2024014505 A1 WO 2024014505A1
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/261—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
- B01J20/3268—Macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/3276—Copolymers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1804—C4-(meth)acrylate, e.g. butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate or tert-butyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/28—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/281—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and containing only one oxygen, e.g. furfuryl (meth)acrylate or 2-methoxyethyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09D133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09D133/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0036—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions by adsorption or absorption
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2800/00—Copolymer characterised by the proportions of the comonomers expressed
- C08F2800/10—Copolymer characterised by the proportions of the comonomers expressed as molar percentages
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a random copolymer, a particulate adsorbent, a composition for forming a particulate adsorbent film, and a film.
- Fine particles floating in the air such as pollen, viruses, house dust, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5), are substances that may have an undesirable effect on the human body.
- pollen the number of people who develop hay fever is increasing year by year in Japan.
- no reliable fundamental therapy has been established for hay fever.
- a common measure against hay fever is to reduce the opportunity and amount of exposure to pollen.
- gaseous air pollutants such as soot, sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and volatile organic compounds (VOC) emitted from factories, automobiles, ships, aircraft, volcanoes, and soil, etc.
- Dust such as fine particulate matter can cause respiratory diseases such as asthma and allergic diseases, so it is desired to reduce the opportunity and amount of contact.
- allergies and the like develop when these substances enter the body, it is also required to adsorb these substances to prevent them from entering the body.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an allergen adsorption composition in which a powder such as kaolin is blended into an aqueous medium with a pH of 3 to 7.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a pollen adsorbent having a specific graft side chain in the main chain of a polymer material made of fibers or an aggregate of fibers, and carrying triiodide ions on the graft side chain. ing.
- allergens are released by the bursting of pollen, and since the allergens are very small compared to the pollen itself, they can easily enter the body and reach deep parts of the respiratory system. reach.
- particles such as viruses and house dust become smaller in size, they more easily invade the body.
- the adsorbent disclosed in Patent Document 1 targets the adsorption of allergen substances themselves released from pollen particles, but since the release of allergen substances has already progressed, the effect of preventing allergens from entering the body is not sufficient. There was a case. Further, the adsorbent of Patent Document 2 is also intended to adsorb released allergen proteins.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a fine particle adsorbent, particularly a pollen adsorbent, which is capable of adsorbing fine particles such as pollen, viruses, and house dust while suppressing their rupture.
- the amount of the structural unit of formula (I) is 50 to 99 mol%, and the amount of the structural unit of formula (II) is 1 to 50 mol%.
- a particulate adsorbent comprising the random copolymer according to any one of [1] to [4].
- the particulate adsorbent according to [5] wherein the particulates are pollen.
- [7] A composition for forming a fine particle adsorbent film, comprising the random copolymer according to any one of [1] to [4].
- [8] The composition for forming a fine particle adsorbent film according to [7], wherein the fine particles are pollen.
- [10] A film formed from the composition for forming a fine particle adsorbent film according to any one of [7] to [9].
- the coating according to [10] which has an elastic modulus of 0.1 to 1.0 Mpa and an adhesiveness of 1.0 nm/nN or more.
- a particulate adsorbent particularly a pollen adsorbent, which is capable of adsorbing particulates such as pollen, viruses, and house dust while suppressing their rupture.
- the present invention provides a structural unit represented by formula (I) and a structural unit represented by formula (II):
- R 1 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- R 5 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- n represents an integer from 1 to 15
- * represents a bond with an adjacent structural unit
- a random copolymer having the following properties and a particulate adsorbent containing the random copolymer are provided.
- the copolymer of the present invention is a random copolymer randomly having one or more types of structural units represented by formula (I) and one or more types of structural units represented by formula (II). It is a polymer.
- the structural unit represented by formula (I) is also referred to as "structural unit (I),” and the structural unit represented by formula (II) is also referred to as “constituent unit (II).”
- the copolymer of the present invention may be a random copolymer composed of structural unit (I) and structural unit (II), or may be a random copolymer composed of structural unit (I), structural unit (II), and these. It may also be a random copolymer composed of structural units different from the structural units.
- the particulate adsorbent containing the random copolymer of the present invention is a particulate adsorbent that can adsorb particulates such as pollen, viruses, house dust, etc. while suppressing their rupture.
- the particulate adsorbent may be a preparation for imparting particulate adsorption properties, or may be a raw material component used in the production of the preparation.
- R 1 in formula (I) represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, and 1-methylethyl group.
- R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group from the viewpoint of easy production of a random copolymer (easy polymerization with other structural units).
- R 2 in formula (I) represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, 1-methylethyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group, and hexyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms in R 2 is preferably 1 to 5 from the viewpoint of improving adsorptivity and suppressing destruction of fine particles.
- R 3 in formula (II) represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms include the groups described above for R 1 .
- R 3 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group from the viewpoint of easy production of a random copolymer (easy polymerization with other structural units).
- R 4 in formula (II) represents an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- the alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms include methylene group, ethylene group, propylene group, and methylethylene group.
- R 4 is preferably a methylene group or an ethylene group from the viewpoint of suppressing the destruction of fine particles.
- R 5 in formula (II) represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include the groups described above for R 2 .
- the number of carbon atoms in R 5 is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 4, from the viewpoint of improving adsorptivity and suppressing destruction of fine particles.
- n in formula (II) represents an integer of 1 to 15.
- n preferably represents 1 to 12, more preferably 1 to 10, and even more preferably 1 to 5 from the viewpoint of suppressing destruction of fine particles.
- the random copolymer of the present invention is preferably a polymer having a (meth)acrylic skeleton.
- (meth)acrylic means acrylic and/or methacryl.
- the random copolymer of the present invention is a copolymer containing randomly repeated structural units represented by formula (I) and structural units represented by formula (II), optionally together with other structural units.
- the ratio of the total amount of structural unit (I) and structural unit (II) to the amount of all structural units constituting the random copolymer of the present invention is preferably 50 mol% or more, more preferably 70 mol% or more, More preferably, it is 80 mol% or more, even more preferably 90 mol% or more, particularly preferably 95 mol% or more.
- the upper limit of the content ratio is 100 mol% or less.
- the structural unit represented by formula (I) contained in the random copolymer of the present invention is, for example, the following formula (I-a): It is a structural unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer represented by The descriptions regarding R 1 and R 2 in formula (I) apply similarly to R 1a and R 2a in formula (I-a), respectively.
- the (meth)acrylic monomer represented by the formula (I-a) is preferable because it is easy to copolymerize with the monomer represented by the formula (II-a) described below and is easy to form a film.
- the structural unit represented by formula (II) contained in the random copolymer of the present invention is, for example, the following formula (II-a): It is a structural unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer represented by The descriptions regarding R 3 , R 4 and R 5 in formula (II) apply similarly to R 3a , R 4a and R 5a in formula ( II -a), respectively.
- a structure represented by formula (II) is preferred.
- the units are derived from monomers having a Tg (glass transition temperature) of -100 to 15°C.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the copolymer of the present invention has a structural unit represented by formula (II) derived from a monomer having a Tg of -100 to 15°C, flexible structures with a low Tg are randomly distributed in the copolymer. It will be incorporated.
- the Tg of the monomer is determined from the viewpoint that the effect of the present invention is easily exhibited when the particulate adsorbent of the present invention is used particularly in a room temperature environment, and the ease of handling when the particulate adsorbent of the present invention is coated on an object etc. From this point of view, the temperature is more preferably -90°C to 5°C, still more preferably -80°C to -5°C, even more preferably -70°C to -10°C.
- the Tg of a monomer can be measured, for example, by the method described in Examples.
- the Tg of a monomer is the Tg of a homopolymer of the monomer. If a known literature value can be used as the Tg of the monomer, use that value; if there is no known literature value, for example, homopolymerize the monomer under polymerization conditions as described in the Examples below. to obtain a homopolymer, and the measured value of the Tg of the homopolymer is taken as the Tg of the monomer.
- the amount of structural units of formula (I), based on the amount of total structural units of the random copolymer of the present invention, is preferably 50 to 99 mol%, and the amount of structural units of formula (II) is preferably It is 1 to 50 mol%.
- the amount of the structural unit of formula (II) is equal to or higher than the above lower limit, adsorption to fine particles can be increased and rupture of the fine particles can be easily suppressed, and the amount of the structural unit of formula (II) is equal to or higher than the above upper limit. When it is below, it is easy to increase the strength of a film etc.
- the amount of the structural unit of formula (I) is at least the above-mentioned lower limit, it is easy to increase the strength of a film or the like containing the copolymer of the present invention to a certain degree, and it is easy to maintain the particulate adsorption effect over a long period of time.
- the amount of the structural unit of formula (I) is below the above-mentioned upper limit, adsorption to fine particles can be enhanced and rupture of fine particles can be easily suppressed.
- the amount of the structural unit of formula (I) is preferably 50 to 99 mol%, more preferably 60 to 95 mol%, even more preferably 65 to 95 mol%, based on the amount of all structural units of the random copolymer. ⁇ 90 mol%.
- the amount of the structural unit of formula (II) is preferably 1 to 50 mol%, more preferably 5 to 40 mol%, even more preferably 10 to 50 mol%, based on the amount of all structural units of the random copolymer. ⁇ 35 mol%.
- the amount of the structural unit of formula (I) is preferably 50 to 99 mol%, based on the total amount of the structural unit of formula (I) and the structural unit of formula (II) contained in the random copolymer, More preferably 60 to 95 mol%, still more preferably 65 to 90 mol%.
- the amount of the structural unit of formula (II) is preferably 1 to 50 mol%, based on the total amount of the structural unit of formula (I) and the structural unit of formula (II) contained in the random copolymer, More preferably, it is 5 to 40 mol%, and still more preferably 10 to 35 mol%.
- hydroxyl group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate and hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate; Methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, t-butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate, n-pentyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylate ) n-hexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, dodecyl (meth)acrylate, tridecyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate (
- ethylenically unsaturated monomer an amide group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer
- ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, methoxypolyethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate. These may be used singly or in combination of two or more, if necessary.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the random copolymer of the present invention is preferably 5,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 10,000 to 700,000, even more preferably 30,000 to 500,000, Even more preferably it is 50,000 to 300,000.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the weight average molecular weight of the random copolymer can be measured by the method described in Examples.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the random copolymer of the present invention is preferably 1,000 to 500,000, more preferably 3,000 to 300,000, even more preferably 5,000 to 200,000, and even more preferably Preferably it is 10,000 to 100,000.
- Mn The number average molecular weight of the random copolymer can be measured by the method described in Examples.
- the polydispersity (Mw/Mn) of the random copolymer of the present invention is preferably 2.0 to 4.0, more preferably 2.5 to 3.5.
- Mw/Mn The polydispersity (Mw/Mn) of the random copolymer of the present invention is preferably 2.0 to 4.0, more preferably 2.5 to 3.5.
- the polydispersity is above the above lower limit, it is preferable because it is easy to apply to the target object and it is easy to coat uniformly.
- the polydispersity is below the above upper limit, it is preferable because it improves adsorption and destroys fine particles. This is preferable because it is easy to suppress.
- the glass transition temperature Tg of the random copolymer of the present invention is preferably -60°C or higher, more preferably -40°C or higher, and still more preferably -20°C from the viewpoint of improving adsorption and easily suppressing the destruction of fine particles.
- the temperature is particularly preferably -10°C or higher, and from the same viewpoint, the temperature is preferably 20°C or lower, more preferably 15°C or lower, and still more preferably 10°C or lower.
- the glass transition temperature Tg of the random copolymer of the present invention is determined by the FOX formula.
- the Tg of the homopolymer of the first structural unit contained in the copolymer is Tg 1
- the mass fraction of the first structural unit in the copolymer is W 1
- the mass fraction of the first structural unit in the copolymer is W 1
- the Tg of the copolymer containing the first structural unit and the second structural unit is 0. (K) can be estimated according to the following formula.
- FOX formula: 1/Tg 0 (W 1 /Tg 1 ) + (W 2 /Tg 2 )
- the elastic modulus of the random copolymer of the present invention is determined from the viewpoint of increasing the strength of the coating containing the copolymer and easily maintaining the fine particle adsorption effect.
- a film formed by applying a solution by spin coating and drying is measured under conditions of 30 to 40% RH, preferably 0.1 MPa or more, more preferably 0.2 MPa or more, and even more preferably 0. .3 MPa or more, and from the viewpoint of easily improving the adsorption of fine particles and easily preventing the adsorbed fine particles from bursting, it is preferably 1.5 MPa or less, more preferably 1.0 MPa or less, and even more preferably 0. .8 MPa or less.
- the elastic modulus can be measured, for example, by the method described in Examples.
- the tackiness of the random copolymer of the present invention is determined by applying a solution of the random copolymer onto a PET sheet from the viewpoint of easily improving adsorption of fine particles and preventing the adsorbed fine particles from bursting.
- a film formed by coating by a spin coating method and drying is measured under the conditions of 30 to 40% RH, preferably 0.6 nm/nN or more, more preferably 1.0 nm/nN or more, and even more preferably is 1.5 nm/nN or more, and from the viewpoint of improving handleability, is preferably 15 nm/nN or less, more preferably 12 nm/nN or less, and still more preferably 10 nm/nN or less.
- Adhesiveness can be measured by the method described in Examples.
- the surface zeta potential of the random copolymer of the present invention is preferably -4.0 mV or more, as measured by the measuring method in the Examples described later, from the viewpoint of easily improving adsorption properties and easily suppressing destruction of fine particles. More preferably -2.0 mV or more, still more preferably -0.5 mV or more, and from the viewpoint of ease of handling, preferably 4.0 mV or less, more preferably 2.0 mV or less, even more preferably 1.5 mV or less. be.
- the random copolymer of the present invention can be prepared by randomly copolymerizing a monomer mixture containing a monomer providing the structural unit (I), a monomer providing the structural unit (II), and optionally other monomers. .
- Polymerization of the monomer mixture can be carried out by methods commonly used by those skilled in the art, including polymerization of the monomer mixture by heating or light irradiation. Specific polymerization methods include, for example, bulk polymerization, precipitation polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization, and bulk polymerization.
- a hydrophilic solvent refers to an organic solvent having a solubility in water of 10 g/100 g of water (25° C.) or more.
- hydrophilic solvents include aliphatic mono- to tetrahydric alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, dioxane, methyl acetate, dimethyl formamide, and the like.
- Examples of monohydric alcohols include methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol.
- Examples of the dihydric alcohol include propylene glycol. Among these, ethanol and isopropanol are particularly preferred.
- Solution polymerization of the above monomer mixture is carried out by dissolving the monomer mixture in a solvent such as water, a mixture of water and a hydrophilic solvent, or a hydrophilic solvent, adding a polymerization initiator, and stirring while heating. be able to. More preferably, the polymerization is carried out under an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas or argon gas.
- polymerization initiator those commonly used in solution polymerization methods can be used.
- the polymerization initiator include peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide and lauroyl peroxide; azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile; and the like.
- peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide and lauroyl peroxide
- azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile
- the amount of the solvent used is preferably adjusted so that the concentration of the mixture of monomer components is about 30 to 60% by weight.
- the polymerization temperature and polymerization time can be appropriately selected depending on the type of monomer contained in the monomer mixture, the type of polymerization initiator, the size of the reaction scale, etc. For example, it is preferable to carry out the polymerization at a temperature close to the reflux temperature of the polymerization solvent.
- the polymerization time is preferably 8 hours or more, more preferably 12 to 36 hours.
- the random copolymer of the present invention can be used as a particulate adsorbent containing the random copolymer.
- the particulate adsorbent is an agent that has a particulate adsorption effect, and specifically, for example, it may be a particulate adsorption product that can temporarily impart particulate adsorption properties to an object to be coated or sprayed, or It may also be a raw material for manufacturing particulate adsorption products.
- fine particles include pollen, viruses, bacteria, fungi, dust (e.g., soot, soot, gaseous air pollutants such as sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and volatile organic compounds (VOC)).
- fine particles include viruses, bacteria, fungi, dust, yeast, protozoa, spores, animal skin fragments, mite feces, mite carcasses, and house dust that may contain these. More preferably, pollen is selected from the group consisting of pollen.
- the fine particles are, for example, fine particles of a size that can float in the atmosphere (preferably 60 ⁇ m or less in diameter, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less in diameter), preferably pollen and/or viruses, and more preferably pollen.
- pollen examples include pollen from plants of the cypress family (e.g., genus Cedar, genus Cypress, etc.), pollen from plants of the family Gramineae (e.g., genus Aspergillus, genus Asteraceae, etc.), and pollen from plants of the family Asteraceae (e.g., ragweed, genus Artemisia, etc.). ), and pollen of plants of the family Betulaceae (for example, birch), but the types of pollen are not limited to the above.
- cypress family e.g., genus Cedar, genus Cypress, etc.
- pollen from plants of the family Gramineae e.g., genus Aspergillus, genus Asteraceae, etc.
- pollen from plants of the family Asteraceae e.g., ragweed, genus Artemisia, etc.
- Betulaceae for example, bir
- viruses examples include influenza virus, herpes virus, rubella virus, coronavirus, Ebola virus, hepatitis virus, rabies virus, norovirus, rotavirus, poliovirus, adenovirus, etc., but the types of viruses are not limited to the above. It's not something you can do.
- Bacteria include Gram-positive bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Clostridium botulinum, etc.) and Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae, etc.).
- Gram-positive bacteria e.g., Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Clostridium botulinum, etc.
- Gram-negative bacteria e.g., Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae, etc.
- the types are not limited to those mentioned above.
- fungi examples include Trichophyton and Candida aspergillus, but the types of fungi are not limited to the above.
- Dust includes fine particulate matter (PM2.5), smoke (sulfur oxides (SOx) generated due to combustion of materials, etc.), soot (soot), and harmful substances (cadmium and its compounds, chlorine and hydrogen chloride, Examples include particulate dust such as fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, silicon fluoride, lead and its compounds, and nitrogen oxides (NOx), but the types of dust are not limited to the above.
- fine particles include yeast, protozoa, spores, animal skin fragments, mite feces, and mite carcasses.
- house dust examples include those containing at least two of the above-mentioned pollen, viruses, dust, fungi, dust, and fine particles.
- the particulate adsorbent may further contain a medium such as a solvent, in addition to the random copolymer of the present invention described above.
- the solvent is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, the above-mentioned water, hydrophilic solvents, or mixtures thereof.
- the dosage form of the particulate adsorbent is not particularly limited, and examples include liquid, gel, spray, mist, lotion, cream, milky lotion, foundation, overcoat, detergent, and the like.
- the type of medium can be appropriately selected depending on the dosage form of the particulate adsorbent.
- the particulate adsorbent may further contain additives such as surfactants, ultraviolet absorbers and antioxidants, and fragrances.
- the fine particle adsorbent of the present invention suppresses the falling of these fine particles from the surface of the object to be coated, and It can be expected that the effects obtained can be sustained.
- the particulate adsorbent of the present invention By applying or spraying the particulate adsorbent of the present invention onto, for example, filters, bodies, hair, clothing, bedding covers, accessories (such as masks, glasses, goggles, hats, mufflers, scarves, etc.), etc.
- the copolymer of the present invention is applied to these objects, and as a result, fine particle adsorption properties can be imparted to them.
- the particulate adsorbent of the present invention may be, for example, a composition for forming a particulate adsorbent film containing the random copolymer of the present invention.
- the present invention also provides a composition for forming the particulate adsorbent film.
- the composition for forming a particulate-adsorbing film is a composition used to form a particulate-adsorbing film, and its dosage form is not particularly limited. It may be a liquid composition containing a solvent.
- a particulate adsorbent film can be formed on the object by applying the composition for forming a particulate adsorbent film to the object by coating, spraying, etc. and drying the composition. Examples of the solvent and other components that may be included in the composition for forming a particulate adsorbent film include the solvents and components described above regarding the particulate adsorbent.
- the content of the copolymer of the present invention contained in the fine particle adsorbent of the present invention may be adjusted as appropriate depending on the use of the fine particle adsorbent. Based on the solid content amount, for example, it is 1% by mass or more, 3% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, and 10% by mass or more.
- the present invention also provides a coating formed from the above composition for forming a fine particle adsorbent coating.
- the film of the present invention is a film containing a random copolymer having the structural unit represented by the above-mentioned formula (I) and the structural unit represented by the formula (II).
- the method of forming the film is not particularly limited, but it can be formed by applying the composition for forming a fine particle adsorbent film of the present invention to an object by coating, spraying, etc., and drying the composition to distill off the solvent, etc. be done.
- the elastic modulus of the coating of the present invention is preferably 0.1 MPa or more, more preferably 0.2 MPa or more, and even more preferably It is 0.3 MPa or more, and from the viewpoint of easily improving the adsorption of fine particles and easily preventing the adsorbed fine particles from bursting, it is preferably 2.5 MPa or less, more preferably 1.5 MPa or less, and even more preferably It is 1.0 MPa or less, particularly preferably 0.7 MPa or less.
- the elastic modulus can be measured, for example, by the method described in Examples. The above elastic modulus is measured under conditions of humidity of 30 to 35% RH as described in the Examples.
- the adhesive force of the coating of the present invention is preferably 0.6 nm/nN or more, more preferably 1.0 nm/nN or more, from the viewpoint of easily improving the adsorption of fine particles and easily preventing the adsorbed fine particles from bursting.
- nN or more more preferably 2.0 nm/nN or more, and from the viewpoint of handleability, preferably 6.0 nm/nN or less, more preferably 5.0 nm/nN or less, even more preferably 4.0 nm/nN or less. and even more preferably 3.5 nm/nN or less.
- Adhesive strength can be measured, for example, by the method described in Examples. The above adhesive strength is measured under conditions of humidity of 30 to 35% RH as described in the Examples.
- the surface zeta potential of the coating of the present invention is preferably -10 mV or more, more preferably -5.0 mV or more, still more preferably -3.0 mV or more, particularly preferably -1 .5 mV, and from the viewpoint of easily improving the adsorptivity of fine particles, it is preferably 10 mV or less, more preferably 5.0 mV or less, and still more preferably 3.0 mV or less.
- Surface zeta potential can be measured, for example, by the method described in Examples.
- the Tg of a monomer is the Tg of a homopolymer of the monomer. If there is a known literature value for the Tg of the monomer, use that value; if there is no known literature value, etc., homopolymerize the monomer under the following polymerization conditions to obtain a homopolymer, and then The measured Tg was defined as the Tg of the monomer.
- the monomer and polymerization initiator were placed in a mold (length: 100 mm, width) using a 4 mm thick silicone spacer between two glass plates with a release film pasted on each and the release film surfaces facing each other. : A 100 mm area is formed and a silicon spacer is sandwiched between two glass plates so that the distance is about 2 to 4 mm.
- the mold is irradiated with ultraviolet light (wavelength: 365 nm) for 1 hour using an LED exposure machine to obtain a polymer.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- Glass transition temperature Tg of random copolymer The glass transition temperature Tg of the random copolymer of the present invention was determined by the FOX formula as described above. The FOX formula was applied assuming that all the monomers used reacted to form random copolymers. The same applies to each copolymer and homopolymer in the comparative examples described below.
- Weight average molecular weight Mw, number average molecular weight Mn, Mw/Mn Both weight average molecular weight (Mw) and number average molecular weight (Mn) were measured in accordance with JIS K 7252-1:2016. Note that all values are based on polystyrene standard samples.
- the above-mentioned monomers used in the present examples and comparative examples were commercially available products sold by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., except for PEGMEMA. Furthermore, as PEGMEMA, M-90G manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd. was used.
- Example 1 A 500 ml five-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser, a thermometer, a nitrogen introduction tube, a charging tube, and a stirring device was filled with 30 parts of methoxyethyl acrylate (parts by mass, hereinafter the same) and 70 parts of butyl methacrylate. Add the monomer mixture and 150 parts of absolute ethanol, add 0.2 parts of ⁇ , ⁇ '-azobisisobutyronitrile (hereinafter referred to as AIBN), and heat at 80°C under a nitrogen stream while stirring. It refluxed. The obtained resin composition was diluted with ethanol to a concentration of 10% by mass to obtain a 10% ethanol solution of BMA/MEA random copolymer. Table 2 shows the results of measuring the weight average molecular weight and number average molecular weight of the obtained BMA/MEA random copolymer.
- AIBN ⁇ , ⁇ '-azobisisobutyronitrile
- Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 Each polymer and a 10% by mass ethanol solution were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the type and amount of each monomer contained in the monomer mixture were changed as shown in Table 2 below. Characteristics were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
- monitor particles manufactured by Otsuka Electronics
- a solution of monitor particles dispersed in a 10 mM sodium chloride aqueous solution was flowed into a measurement cell of a zeta potential measurement system, and the surface zeta potential was measured.
- a film is formed by dropping 0.4 mL of the 10 wt% ethanol solution according to each example and comparative example onto a PET sheet (manufactured by As One, thickness: 1 mm, 10 x 10 mm) and spin coating with a commercially available spin coater. did. Spin coating was performed at 500 rpm for 10 seconds and then at 2000 rpm for 60 seconds to produce PET sheet test pieces according to each example and comparative example. Each test piece was set on a scanning probe microscope (SPM-9700 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), force curve data was measured using a cantilever, and the JKR contact theory was calculated from the obtained force curve using the attached analysis software.
- SPM-9700 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation
- Adhesiveness of film The force (Force, nN) that is applied when the cantilever is in contact with the coating, as read from the force curve data obtained by measuring the elastic modulus of the coating, until the cantilever is peeled off from the coating and no force is applied. Adhesiveness was evaluated from the distance (nm) required for the cantilever to move. In other words, the value obtained by dividing the distance (nm) required to peel off the cantilever stuck to the coating by the force (nN) applied when the cantilever is in contact with the coating (nm/nN, distance per force) was taken as the adhesiveness of the film.
- Adhesiveness was defined as the distance (nm) the cantilever must move to achieve a non-stick state. That is, the evaluation was based on the distance (nm/nN, distance per force) required to peel off the cantilever adhered to the polymer film.
- ⁇ Preparation of nonwoven fabric test piece> A commercially available nonwoven fabric (medical gauze, manufactured by Terumo) was immersed in the 10% by mass ethanol solution obtained in the Examples and Comparative Examples and allowed to stand for 5 minutes. Next, the nonwoven fabric was pulled out of the solution, excess solution was removed, and then dried at normal temperature and pressure to produce a nonwoven fabric test piece with the copolymer of each example and comparative example attached to the surface.
- a test similar to the pollen adsorption evaluation described below was conducted, and when the obtained test pieces were observed under a microscope, no rupture occurred in the case of the polymers of Examples 1 and 2. It was confirmed that pollen was adsorbed at high density. On the other hand, in the case of the polymers of comparative examples, the pollen adsorption density was low, and pollen rupture was also observed in some comparative examples.
- test piece prepared as described above was left standing at room temperature and 30 to 40% RH for 2 hours. Thereafter, 10 mg of each pollen particle was placed in a sealed container, and while maintaining room temperature and 30 to 40% RH, the container was attached to a commercially available shaker and left for 10 hours with shaking. Next, the test piece was taken out and nitrogen gas was blown onto it to remove the pollen that had accumulated on the surface, resulting in a pollen adsorption test piece. Note that each pollen particle used was a commercially available one.
- the number of pollen adsorbed to the obtained pollen adsorption test piece and existing within a unit area of 0.55 mm2 was observed with an optical microscope (10x magnification), and the number of pollen adsorbed to each test piece ( pollen density) was determined.
- the number of pollen particles destroyed within the same unit area was measured using a SEM image, and the destruction rate of each polymer was determined using the following formula.
- Destruction rate (%) (Number of pollen destroyed/Number of pollen adsorbed) x 100 Note that whether or not the pollen was destroyed was determined by whether or not cracks were formed on the surface of the pollen.
- Table 3 summarizes the results of evaluating the pollen adsorption properties of the films obtained using the film-forming compositions containing the respective polymers obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples according to the above method. It can be seen that all the films obtained using the film-forming compositions containing the random copolymers of Examples have excellent pollen adsorption properties, and the destruction of pollen is suppressed.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕式(I)で表される構成単位および式(II)で表される構成単位:
R1およびR3は、互いに独立に、水素原子または炭素数1~3のアルキル基を表し、
R2は、炭素数1~6のアルキル基を表し、
R4は、炭素数1~3のアルキレン基を表し、
R5は、炭素数1~6のアルキル基を表し、
nは1~15の整数を表し、
*は隣接する構成単位との結合手を表す]
を有するランダム共重合体。
〔2〕前記式(II)で表される構成単位が-100~15℃のTgを有するモノマーに由来する、〔1〕に記載のランダム共重合体。
〔3〕ランダム共重合体の全構成単位の量に基づく、式(I)の構成単位の量は50~99モル%であり、式(II)の構成単位の量は1~50モル%である、〔1〕または〔2〕に記載のランダム共重合体。
〔4〕50,000~300,000の重量平均分子量を有する、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載のランダム共重合体。
〔5〕〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載のランダム共重合体を含む、微粒子吸着剤。
〔6〕微粒子は花粉である、〔5〕に記載の微粒子吸着剤。
〔7〕〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載のランダム共重合体を含む、微粒子吸着性被膜形成用組成物。
〔8〕微粒子は花粉である、〔7〕に記載の微粒子吸着性被膜形成用組成物。
〔9〕溶媒をさらに含む、〔7〕または〔8〕に記載の微粒子吸着性被膜形成用組成物。
〔10〕〔7〕~〔9〕のいずれかに記載の微粒子吸着性被膜形成用組成物から形成されてなる被膜。
〔11〕0.1~1.0Mpaの弾性率および1.0nm/nN以上の粘着性を有する、〔10〕に記載の被膜。
R1およびR3は、互いに独立に、水素原子または炭素数1~3のアルキル基を表し、
R2は、炭素数1~6のアルキル基を表し、
R4は、炭素数1~3のアルキレン基を表し、
R5は、炭素数1~6のアルキル基を表し、
nは1~15の整数を表し、
*は隣接する構成単位との結合手を表す]
を有するランダム共重合体、ならびに該ランダム共重合体を含む微粒子吸着剤を提供する。
ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレートおよびヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレートなどの水酸基含有エチレン性不飽和モノマー;
(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸n-ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸t-ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸n-ペンチル、(メタ)アクリル酸n-ヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ドデシル、(メタ)アクリル酸トリデシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ラウリル、(メタ)アクリル酸ステアリルなどの(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルモノマー;
アクリル酸グリシジル、メタクリル酸グリシジルなどの、グリシジル基含有エチレン性不飽和モノマー;
酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニルなどの飽和脂肪族カルボン酸のビニルエステル;
スチレン、α-メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン等のスチレン系モノマー;
(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-メチロール(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-メトキシブチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、ジアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-t-ブチル(メタ)アクリルアミドなどの、アミド基含有エチレン性不飽和モノマー;
N-ビニルピロリドン、メトキシポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレートなどの他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー。
これらは、必要に応じて1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種またはそれ以上を併用してもよい。
FOX式:1/Tg0=(W1/Tg1)+(W2/Tg2)
本発明のランダム共重合体は、該ランダム共重合体を含む微粒子吸着剤として使用することができる。微粒子吸着剤は、微粒子吸着効果を有する剤であり、具体的には、例えば塗布・噴霧対象に対して一時的に微粒子吸着性を付与することができる微粒子吸着製品であってもよいし、該微粒子吸着製品を製造するための原料であってもよい。微粒子としては、例えば花粉、ウイルス、細菌、菌類、塵埃(例えば、ばい煙、ばいじん、硫黄酸化物(SOx)、窒素酸化物(NOx)、揮発性有機化合物(VOC)等のガス状大気汚染物質などに由来する微小粒子状物質(PM2.5)等)、酵母、原生動物、胞子、動物の皮膚の破片、ダニの糞、ダニの死骸、及びこれらを含み得るハウスダスト等が挙げられる。微粒子吸着性を得やすい観点からは、微粒子は、ウイルス、細菌、菌類、塵埃、酵母、原生動物、胞子、動物の皮膚の破片、ダニの糞、ダニの死骸、及びこれらを含み得るハウスダストからなる群から選択され、より好ましくは花粉である。微粒子は、例えば大気中に浮遊可能なサイズ(好ましくは直径60μm以下、より好ましくは30μm以下、さらに好ましくは20μm以下)の微粒子、好ましくは花粉及び/又はウイルス、より好ましくは花粉である。
微粒子吸着剤は、上記の本発明のランダム共重合体の他に、例えば溶媒などの媒質をさらに含んでよい。溶媒としては、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば上述した水、親水性溶媒、またはこれらの混合物が挙げられる。微粒子吸着剤の剤型は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、液体、ジェル、スプレー、ミスト、ローション、クリーム、乳液、ファンデーション、オーバーコート剤、洗剤などが挙げられる。媒質の種類は、微粒子吸着剤の剤型に応じて適宜選択することができる。また、微粒子吸着剤は、さらに、界面活性剤、紫外線吸収剤や酸化防止剤等の添加剤、および、香料などを含んでもよい。すなわち、本発明の微粒子吸着剤は、吸着対象となる微粒子に紫外線吸収剤や酸化防止剤等が含まれる場合、被覆対象物の表面からこれらの微粒子が脱落することを抑制し、これらの微粒子により得られる効果を持続できることが期待できる。
モノマーのTgとは、該モノマーのホモポリマーのTgである。モノマーのTgとして公知の文献値がある場合には、その値を使用し、公知の文献値等がない場合には、以下の重合条件でモノマーを単独重合してホモポリマーとし、該ホモポリマーのTgを測定した値を該モノマーのTgとした。
モノマーと重合開始剤を、成形型(2枚のガラス板のそれぞれに離型フィルムを貼りつけ、離型フィルム面を対向させた間に、4mm厚のシリコンスペーサーで、縦:100mm、横:100mmの領域を形成し、間隔が2~4mm程度になるように2枚のガラス板でシリコンスペーサーを挟持したもの)内に注入する。LED露光機により紫外線(波長:365nm)を成形型に1時間照射し、重合体を得る。得られた重合体を10mg秤取り、示差走査熱量計(DSC7000X、(株)日立ハイテクサイエンス製)に取り付け、昇温速度10℃/分、温度領域-130~100℃で測定を行い、1回目の昇温過程における重合体由来の吸熱ピークの温度を重合体のガラス転移温度(Tg)とし、これをモノマーのTgとした。
本発明のランダム共重合体のガラス転移温度Tgは、上記のようにFOX式により決定した。なお、用いたモノマーはすべて反応してランダム共重合体になったものとして、FOX式を適用した。後述する比較例における各共重合体および単独重合体についても同様である。
重量平均分子量(Mw)および数平均分子量(Mn)は、いずれも、JIS K 7252-1:2016に準拠して測定した。なお、いずれの値もポリスチレン標準サンプル基準である。
還流冷却器、温度計、チッ素導入管、仕込み管および撹拌装置を取り付けた500ml容の五つ口フラスコに、メトキシエチルアクリレート30部(質量部、以下同様)、および、ブチルメタクリレート70部からなるモノマー混合物と、無水エタノール150部とを入れ、これにα,α’-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル(以下、AIBNという)0.2部を加え、撹拌しながらチッ素気流下に80℃で加熱還流した。得られた樹脂組成物を濃度が10質量%となるようにエタノールで希釈し、BMA/MEAランダム共重合体の10%エタノール溶液を得た。得られたBMA/MEAランダム共重合体の重量平均分子量、数平均分子量を測定した結果を表2に示す。
モノマー混合物中に含まれる各モノマーの種類および量を、下記の表2に記載の通り変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、各重合体および10質量%エタノール溶液を調製し、各特性を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
(表面ゼータ電位)
各実施例、比較例に係る10質量%エタノール溶液を、PETシート(アズワン製、厚さ:1mm、15×30mm)に0.4mL滴下し、市販のスピンコーターにてスピンコートすることで被膜を形成した。スピンコートは、500rpmで10秒間実施した後、2000rpmで60秒実施し、各実施例、比較例に係るPETシート試験片を作製した。この試験片を、平板ゼータ電位測定用石英セル(大塚電子製)にセットし、市販のゼータ電位測定システム(大塚電子製 ELSZ-2000Z)により測定した。具体的には、10mM塩化ナトリウム水溶液に分散させたモニター粒子(大塚電子製)溶液を、ゼータ電位測定システムの測定セル内に流入させ、表面ゼータ電位を測定した。
各実施例、比較例に係る10wt%エタノール溶液を、PETシート(アズワン製、厚さ:1mm、10×10mm)に0.4mL滴下し、市販のスピンコーターにてスピンコートすることで被膜を形成した。スピンコートは、500rpmで10秒間実施した後、2000rpmで60秒実施し、各実施例、比較例に係るPETシート試験片を作製した。各試験片を走査型プローブ顕微鏡(島津製作所者製 SPM-9700)にセットし、カンチレバーを用いてフォースカーブデータを測定し、得られたフォースカーブから付属の解析ソフトを用いて、JKR接触理論に基づいた解析(Hertz接触解(粘着性の無い表面の場合)、またはJKR2点法(凝着エネルギーを考慮したHertz接触解の改良フィッティング式))を行い、弾性率分布を求め、得られたデータを付属の解析ソフトにて解析し、弾性率を求めた。
測定に用いたカンチレバーおよび測定条件を以下に示す。
・湿度30~35%RHの試験片:SD-R30-FM (NANOSENSORS製、Spring constant (kc) = 2.8 N/m、 Resonant frequency = 75 kHz、 Curvature radius (R) = 2 μm
・湿度90~95%RHの試験片:Particle probe (Novascan製、Spring constant(kc)=0.12N/m、Resonant frequency=70kHz、Particle size(Curvature radius)(R)=10μm)
<測定条件>
・カンチレバーの表面へのオペレーティングポイント:0.5V
・フォースカーブ測定時:0V
・カンチレバーのスイーブ速度:0.5Hz
被膜の弾性率の測定で得られたフォースカーブデータより読み取った、カンチレバーが被膜に接触しているときにかかる力(Force、nN)に対する、カンチレバーを被膜から引きはがしForceが掛からない状態にするまでに必要とするカンチレバーの移動距離(nm)から、粘着性を評価した。すなわち、被膜に粘着したカンチレバーを引きはがすために必要となる距離(nm)をカンチレバーが被膜に接触しているときにかかる力(nN)で除した値(nm/nN、単位Force当たりの距離)を被膜の粘着性とした。
上記の(被膜の弾性率)の測定で得られたフォースカーブデータより、カンチレバーがポリマー膜に接触しているときにかかる力(Force,nN)に対して、カンチレバーをポリマー膜から引きはがしForceがかからない状態にするまでに必要とするカンチレバーの移動距離(nm)より粘着性を定義した。すなわち、ポリマー被膜に粘着したカンチレバーを引きはがすために必要となる距離(nm/nN,単位Force当たりの距離)で評価した。
市販の不織布(医療用ガーゼ、テルモ製)を、実施例および比較例で得た10質量%エタノール溶液に浸漬させて5分間静置させた。次いで、不織布を溶液から引き揚げ、余分な溶液を除去した後、常温常圧下で乾燥させ、各実施例および比較例の共重合体が表面に付着した不織布試験片を作製した。得られた不織布試験片を用いて、後述する花粉吸着性の評価と同様の試験を行い、得られた試験片を顕微鏡観察したところ、実施例1および2のポリマーの場合には破裂していない花粉が高密度で吸着されていることが確認された。一方、比較例のポリマーの場合には、花粉の吸着密度が低く、また、一部の比較例では花粉の破裂も確認された。
(試験片の作製)
実施例、および比較例に係る各重合体の5質量%エタノール溶液を調製し、その溶液に特定のサイズのPETシート(アズワン製、厚さ1mm、花粉密度測定用:20mm×20mm、破壊された花粉の個数測定用:15mm×15mm)を1日浸漬させた後、エタノールで洗浄し窒素ガスにより乾燥させることにより、各重合体がガラス基板上に積層された試験片を作成した。各試験片をそれぞれ底面積が100cm2である帯電防止加工がされたプラスチック製の密閉容器に固定した。
上記のようにして作製した試験片を、室温、30~40%RHの条件で2時間静置した。その後、各花粉粒子10mgを密閉容器中に入れて、室温、30~40%RHを維持しながら市販の振とう機に取り付けて振とうさせながら10時間放置した。次いで、試験片を取り出し、窒素ガスを吹き付けて、表面に降り積もった花粉を取り除いたものを花粉吸着試験片とした。なお、各花粉粒子は市販のものを用いた。
得られた花粉吸着試験片に吸着された、単位面積0.55mm2の範囲に存在する花粉の個数を、光学顕微鏡(倍率10倍)で観察し、各試験片に吸着された花粉の個数(花粉密度)を求めた。あわせて、また、SEM画像にて同単位面積内の破壊された花粉の個数を測定し、以下の式により各重合体の破壊率を求めた。
破壊率(%)=(破壊された花粉の個数/吸着された花粉の個数)×100
なお、花粉が破壊されているか否かは、花粉表面に亀裂が生じているか否かにより判定した。
試験片の静置および振とうの際の条件を、室温、90~95%RHの条件に変更したこと以外は、低湿度での花粉密度および破壊率の測定と同様にして、高湿度での花粉密度および破壊率を測定した。
破壊率の湿度依存性(破壊率B/A)は、以下の式により求めた。値が小さいほど、花粉が破裂しやすい高湿度条件下でも花粉の破裂が抑制されているといえる。
破壊率の湿度依存性=(湿度90~95%RHでの破壊率)/(温度30~40%RHでの破壊率)
Claims (11)
- 前記式(II)で表される構成単位が-100~15℃のTgを有するモノマーに由来する、請求項1に記載のランダム共重合体。
- ランダム共重合体の全構成単位の量に基づく、式(I)の構成単位の量は50~99モル%であり、式(II)の構成単位の量は1~50モル%である、請求項1に記載のランダム共重合体。
- 5,000~1,000,000の重量平均分子量を有する、請求項1に記載のランダム共重合体。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のランダム共重合体を含む、微粒子吸着剤。
- 微粒子は花粉である、請求項5に記載の微粒子吸着剤。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のランダム共重合体を含む、微粒子吸着性被膜形成用組成物。
- 微粒子は花粉である、請求項7に記載の微粒子吸着性被膜形成用組成物。
- 溶媒をさらに含む、請求項7に記載の微粒子吸着性被膜形成用組成物。
- 請求項7に記載の微粒子吸着性被膜形成用組成物から形成されてなる被膜。
- 0.1~1.0Mpaの弾性率および1.0nm/nN以上の粘着性を有する、請求項10に記載の被膜。
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| US18/881,104 US20250196097A1 (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2023-07-13 | Random copolymer, fine particle adsorbent, composition for forming fine particle-adsorbing coating film, and coating film |
| CN202380052303.5A CN119421909A (zh) | 2022-07-14 | 2023-07-13 | 无规共聚物、微粒吸附剂、微粒吸附性覆膜形成用组合物及覆膜 |
| JP2024533750A JPWO2024014505A1 (ja) | 2022-07-14 | 2023-07-13 | |
| KR1020257000218A KR20250020609A (ko) | 2022-07-14 | 2023-07-13 | 랜덤 공중합체, 미립자 흡착제, 미립자 흡착성 피막 형성용 조성물 및 피막 |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| ALI MIR MUKKARAM, STöVER HARALD D. H.: "Well-Defined Amphiphilic Thermosensitive Copolymers Based on Poly(ethylene glycol monomethacrylate) and Methyl Methacrylate Prepared by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization", MACROMOLECULES, AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, US, vol. 37, no. 14, 1 July 2004 (2004-07-01), US , pages 5219 - 5227, XP055780386, ISSN: 0024-9297, DOI: 10.1021/ma030485m * |
| TERASHIMA TAKAYA: "Controlled Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Random Copolymers into Folded Micelles and Nanostructure Materials", JOURNAL OF OLEO SCIENCE, JAPAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY, TOKYO, JP, vol. 69, no. 6, 1 January 2020 (2020-01-01), JP , pages 529 - 538, XP093129798, ISSN: 1345-8957, DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20089 * |
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| JPWO2024014505A1 (ja) | 2024-01-18 |
| TW202411279A (zh) | 2024-03-16 |
| US20250196097A1 (en) | 2025-06-19 |
| CN119421909A (zh) | 2025-02-11 |
| KR20250020609A (ko) | 2025-02-11 |
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