WO2024002898A1 - Procédé de retransmission coopérative dans un système omamrc - Google Patents
Procédé de retransmission coopérative dans un système omamrc Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
- H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
- H04B7/024—Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
- H04B7/026—Co-operative diversity, e.g. using fixed or mobile stations as relays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1809—Selective-repeat protocols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1864—ARQ related signaling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
- H04L1/1896—ARQ related signaling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L2001/0092—Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
- H04L2001/0097—Relays
Definitions
- TITLE Cooperative retransmission process in an OMAMRC system
- the present invention relates to the field of digital communications. Within this field, the invention relates more particularly to the transmission of coded data between at least two sources and a destination with relaying by nodes which may be relays or sources.
- a relay does not have a message to transmit.
- a relay is a node dedicated to relaying messages from sources while a source has its own message to transmit and can also in certain cases relay messages from other sources (in this case, the source is called cooperative).
- the invention applies in particular, but not exclusively, to the transmission of data via mobile networks, for example for real-time applications, or for example via sensor networks.
- Such a sensor network is a multi-user network, comprising several sources, several relays and a recipient, capable of using an orthogonal multiple access scheme of the transmission channel between the sources and the destination, denoted OMAMRC (“Orthogonal Multiple-Access Multiple-Relay Channel” according to Anglo-Saxon terminology).
- OMAMRC Orthogonal Multiple-Access Multiple-Relay Channel
- orthogonality between source and relay transmissions can be obtained by time multiplexing in the form of disjoint time slots.
- the known OMAMRC transmission system comprises at least two sources. Each of these sources can operate at different times either exclusively as a source or as a relay node.
- the system may optionally also include relays.
- the node terminology covers both a relay and a source acting as a relay node or as a source.
- the system considered is such that the sources can themselves be relays.
- a relay differs from a source in that it does not have its own message to transmit, ie it only retransmits messages from other nodes.
- Such an OMAMRC transmission system is described in the article S. Cerovic, R. Visoz, L. Madier “Efficient Cooperative HARQ for Multi-Source Multi-Relay Wireless Networks,” IEEE Eleventh International Workshop on Selected Topics in Mobile and Wireless Computing 2018.
- the channels between the different nodes of the system are subject to slow fading and white Gaussian noise.
- Knowledge of all channels in the system (via CSI: Channel State Information) by the destination is not available. Indeed, the channels between the sources, the channels between the relays, and the channels between the relays and the sources are not directly observable by the destination, and their knowledge by the destination would require too much exchange of information between the sources , relays and destination.
- CDI Channel Distribution Information
- CDI Channel Distribution Information
- Channel adaptation is called slow type, meaning that before any transmission, the destination allocates initial flow rates to sources knowing the distribution of all channels (CDI: Channel Distribution Information).
- CDI Channel Distribution Information
- the CSI of the channels are assumed to be constant (slow fading hypothesis). Rate allocation is assumed not to change for several hundred frames, it only changes with CDL changes
- a transmission method implemented in such an OMAMRC system distinguishes three phases: an initial phase and, for each frame to be transmitted, a 1st phase and a 2nd phase.
- the transmission of a frame takes place in two phases which are possibly preceded by an additional phase called initial.
- the destination determines an initial rate for each source by taking into account the average quality (for example SNR) of each of the channels in the system.
- the average quality for example SNR
- the destination estimates the quality (for example SNR) of the direct channels: source to destination and relay to destination according to known techniques based on the exploitation of reference signals.
- the quality of the source - source, relay - relay and source - relay channels is estimated by the sources and the relays by exploiting, for example, the reference signals.
- Sources and relays transmit the average channel qualities to the destination. This transmission occurs before the initialization phase. Only the average value of the quality of a channel being taken into account, its refreshing takes place on a long time scale, that is to say over a time which makes it possible to average out the rapid variations (fast fading) of the channel. This time is of the order of the time necessary to travel several tens of wavelengths of the frequency of the transmitted signal for a given speed.
- the initialization phase occurs for example every 200 to 1000 frames.
- the destination goes back to the sources via a return path the initial flow rates it has determined.
- the initial flow rates remain constant between two occurrences of the initialization phase.
- the M sources successively transmit their message during the M time intervals (time-slots) respectively using modulation and coding schemes determined from the initial bit rates.
- the number N ⁇ of channel uses (channel use ie resource element according to 3GPP terminology) is fixed and identical for each of the sources.
- the messages from the sources are transmitted cooperatively by the relays and/or by the sources.
- This phase lasts at most T max time intervals (timeslots).
- the number N 2 of channel uses is fixed and identical for each of the nodes (sources and relays) selected.
- the independent sources broadcast their messages in the form of sequences of coded information for the attention of a single recipient.
- Each source broadcasts its messages with the initial rate.
- the destination communicates to each source its initial rate via very limited rate control channels.
- the sources each in turn transmit their respective message during “time-slot” intervals each dedicated to a source.
- the sources other than the one which transmits and possibly the relays, of the “Half Duplex” type receive the successive messages from the sources, decode them and, if they are selected, generate a message only from the messages from the sources decoded without error.
- the selected nodes then access the channel orthogonally in time with each other during the second phase to transmit their generated message to the destination.
- the destination can choose which node should transmit at any given time.
- the present invention meets this objective.
- the present invention relates to a transmission method intended for an OMAMRC telecommunications system with N nodes and a destination (d), the N nodes comprising M sources (s 1 ..., s M ) and possibly L relay (r 1 ..., r L ), with M ⁇ 2, L ⁇ 0, comprising a first phase during which the destination receives first redundancies (RV0) of messages transmitted successively by the M sources, the message of a source having been coded before transmission by incremental redundancy type coding comprising several redundancies and a second phase comprising the following steps implemented by the destination (d): broadcast of a control message identifying one or more sources for which it has not decoded without error said transmitted message, called non-decoded sources, reception of at least one identifier of at least one source (s i ) not decoded by the destination transmitted by a first set of nodes comprising at least one node, taken from among the N nodes, having decoded without error said message from a source s i
- Such a method allows several nodes to simultaneously transmit the same redundancy for the same message from the same source in the same time interval.
- each node of the system has its own independent power budget, the redundancy thus obtained improves the raw decoding performance of a source s, by proposing that certain nodes of the system, hereinafter called active nodes having decoded without error a message transmitted by the source s, according to a first redundancy retransmit simultaneously a second redundancy of this message, ie by using the same use of the channel (“channel use”).
- active nodes form what we will call in the following an active set.
- the equivalent transmission power for source s is multiplied by the number of active nodes in the system having decoded without error a message transmitted by source s, and participating in the retransmission.
- the first and second redundancy may or may not be identical, for example when a repeating code is used, and may or may not include systematic bits.
- the first redundancy is a code word.
- the fact that the first redundancy is a code word makes it possible to go back to the transmitted message because there is a unique correspondence between code word and message which requires a coding efficiency less than or equal to 1.
- the efficiency of retransmission is improved.
- the nodes whose transmission has a limited power gain because their respective transmission channels are of low power are not requested to retransmit the message transmitted by the source s, even if it has been decoded without error by these nodes.
- the determination of the active set ( ⁇ i ) comprises for at least one subset (A i ) of nodes taken from the first set of nodes: the determination of a utility metric as a function of the size of said subset (A i ) and the quality of a channel established between the source s i and the destination (d) via nodes of the subset (A i ), the determination, among the subsets of nodes taken from the first set of nodes, from the subset (A i ) whose determined utility metric is the largest as the active set ( ⁇ i ).
- the constitution of the active set is carried out by seeking to maximize a utility metric, so as to find a compromise between the number of simultaneously active nodes (energy efficiency) and the gain in performance (spectral efficiency).
- energy efficiency the number of simultaneously active nodes
- spectral efficiency the gain in performance
- the determination of the utility metric of a subset (A i ) comprises the determination of mutual information representative of the quality of a channel established between the source s i and the destination via the nodes of the subset (A i ), called mutual information relating to the subset (A i ), the utility metric being a function of said mutual information thus determined.
- the quality of the channel established between the source and the destination via nodes of the subset is represented by the mutual information relating to the channel established between the source and the destination via the nodes of the subset.
- the utility metric of a subset is proportional to the mutual information relating to said subset. In one example, the utility metric of a subset (A i ) is inversely proportional to an increasing function of the size of said subset (A i ), said increasing function exhibiting logarithmic growth.
- the growth of mutual information is weighted by a denominator whose growth is logarithmic.
- the choice of a growth quotient that is at least logarithmic comes from the fact that mutual information is a quantity that grows logarithmically at the asymptote, that is to say when the cardinal of the active set becomes very large. .
- This choice of denominator, of logarithmic growth makes it possible to counterbalance this logarithmic growth at the asymptote.
- the presence of such a logarithmic growth denominator makes it possible to determine an active set of smaller size than if the utility metric only depended on mutual information.
- the denominator can grow logarithmically or faster than logarithmically. More precisely, in a power-limited regime (or low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime), the mutual information presents a linear growth (with respect to the received power, i.e. with respect to the size of the subset of which the utility metric is calculated for the reference scenario). In a band-limited regime (or high SNR regime), mutual information grows logarithmically.
- SNR signal-to-noise ratio
- an additional active node to the subset is only authorized if it contributes to an at least logarithmic increase in the spectral efficiency given by the value of the mutual information in number of bits per “channel use” or bits per second and per hertz (at least the gain of the band-limited or high SNR regime).
- the discrete nature of the channel inputs taken into account in the calculation of the mutual information, results in the fact that the mutual information is capped by the number of bits q carried by the modulation.
- increasing the power (hence the size of the subset for which the metric is determined) only leads asymptotically (i.e. when the size of this subset becomes very large) to negligible gains in spectral efficiency.
- adding a node to this subset of large cardinal only increases the mutual information by a reduced value, since this mutual information is increased by q, and the subset having a large cardinal already presents a mutual information close to q.
- the potential increase in mutual information then becomes negligible compared to the logarithmic growth of the denominator.
- the active set thus determined (as optimal in the sense of the metric among the sets whose metric is calculated) is of reduced size, compared to the first set comprising all the nodes.
- the method comprises the calculation of the utility metric M(A i ) is carried out for all the subsets A L taken from the first set of nodes.
- This scheme for determining an active set is said to be exhaustive.
- the destination determines the utility metric of all subsets of the set, before determining the best subset in the sense of the utility metric. This advantageously makes it possible to find the optimal active set for the utility metric.
- the method further comprises the construction of a subset (A i ) initially equal to the empty set, said construction comprising at least one iteration of the following steps: determining a node (y) external to the sub-set set (A i ) having the greatest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), if the addition of said node (y) to the subset (A i ) improves the utility metric of the subset (A i ), add the node (y) to the subset (A i ), at the last iteration, the subset (A i ) thus constructed being the active set ( ⁇ i ).
- SNR signal-to-noise ratio
- the determination scheme of this example of determining an active set is heuristic. In other words, it is an approximation, compared to the exhaustive diagram described above. This heuristic scheme is considerably faster to execute, as the number of nodes that can potentially help increases.
- this scheme is optimal when we are in a case called “equal gain combining”, in which all the relay nodes know the CSI of their channel with the destination. Each of these nodes can then know the phase of its channel with the destination, and compensate for this phase. This allows the destination to receive all messages at the same time. The combination of these redundancies is then coherent.
- the best mutual information for a given number of active relay nodes is that linked to all of the N relay nodes having the best SNRs (ie the best channel qualities with the destination).
- the method further comprises the determination, for at least one source (s i ) not decoded by the destination, of an associated set (H i ) comprising the nodes having decoded without error the message transmitted by said source not decoded by the destination, and determining the mutual information (SNR Hi ) relating to said associated set (H i ), and determining, among the at least one non-decoded source, the source whose associated set presents the highest relative mutual information, and determining the active set of said source thus determined, the active set of each of said at least one non-decoded source being equal to said active set thus determined.
- SNR Hi mutual information
- the diagram of this exemplary embodiment is heuristic, and sub-optimal, compared to an exhaustive diagram, but faster to calculate. Indeed, rather than determining the active set for each source taken in isolation, the destination first determines the source presenting the best channel established with the destination via the nodes of its set H i — assuming retransmission via the nodes of this set. Then, the destination searches for the best subset of the set Hi, and uses this subset thus determined as the active set for all sources.
- the invention further relates to a system comprising M sources (s 1 , ..., s M ), L relay and a destination (d), M ⁇ 2, L ⁇ 0, for an implementation of a process of transmission as described above.
- the invention further relates to a computer program product comprising program code instructions for implementing a method according to the invention as described above, when executed by a processor.
- the invention further relates to a computer-readable recording medium on which a computer program is recorded comprising program code instructions for executing the steps of a method according to the invention as described.
- a recording medium can be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
- the medium may comprise a storage means, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or even a magnetic recording means, for example a USB key or a hard disk.
- such a recording medium may be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which may be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means, so that the program computer it contains can be executed remotely.
- the program according to the invention can in particular be downloaded onto a network, for example the Internet network.
- the recording medium may be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the method which is the subject of the aforementioned invention.
- FIG. 1 represents an embodiment of the invention described in the context of an OMAMRC system
- FIG. 2 represents a transmission cycle of a frame
- FIG. 3 represents the different stages of the transmission method which is the subject of the invention implemented by the system of Figure 1,
- FIG. 4 represents a circular buffer allowing a redundancy of the message to be transmitted to be selected
- FIG. 5 represents step E5 of the process shown in Figure 3,
- FIG. 6 represents a first example of carrying out step E50 of step E5 shown in Figure 5,
- [fig- 8] represents a destination belonging to an OMAMRC telecommunications system with M sources, possibly L relays and a destination, M ⁇ 2, L ⁇ 0 according to one embodiment of the invention.
- L relays which belong to the relay set and a destination d.
- sources, relays and destination are equipped with a single transmitting antenna
- sources and relays are equipped with a single receiving antenna
- the destination is equipped with N R receiving antennas;
- T max ⁇ 1 is a system parameter
- Receiver is available at the destination, sources and relays
- Nodes include relays and sources that can behave as a relay when not transmitting their own message.
- the nodes access the transmission channel according to an orthogonal time multiple access scheme which allows them to listen to the transmissions of other nodes without interference.
- the nodes operate in a “half-duplex” mode.
- Hi is the set of nodes a having decoded without error the message u i transmitted by the source Si
- • ya,b,k is the signal received at node b of channel k corresponding to a signal issued by the node
- • ys -,b,k is the signal received at the node of channel k corresponding to the signals emitted by the nodes
- Ya,b is the average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) which takes into account the effects of channel attenuation (path-loss) and masking (shadowing),
- h a, b is the channel attenuation gain (fading) which follows a symmetrical circular complex Gaussian distribution with zero mean and variance y a, b (the received power which is proportional to the emitted power), the gains are independent of each other,
- n a,b,k or n si,b,k are identically and independently distributed white Gaussian noise (AWGN) samples that follow a complex Gaussian distribution of circular symmetry with zero mean and unit variance.
- AWGN white Gaussian noise
- R s is a variable representing the initial flow rate of source s.
- R s can take its values in the finite set itself
- a s is a variable representing the ratio N 2 /N 1 s and can take its values in a finite set
- A The signal received at the node of channel k corresponding to the signal transmitted by node a ES during the first phase can be written: (1)
- the [fig. 3] represents the different stages of the transmission process, object of the invention, implemented by the system described above.
- the coded sequence includes a first redundancy RVO which is a code word transmitted during N ls uses of the channel, k E ⁇ 1, ..., 1V 1 S ], the number N ls of uses of the channel depending on the source s.
- the gains of the channels between sources, of the channels between relays and of the channels between sources and relays are not known to the destination. Only sources and relays can estimate a metric from these channels by exploiting reference signals in a manner similar to that used for direct channels. Taking into account the fact that the channel statistics are assumed to be constant between two initialization phases, the transmission, to the destination d, of the metrics by the sources and the relays only occurs at the same rate as the initialization phase . The channel statistics of each channel are assumed to follow a centered circular complex Gaussian distribution and the statistics are independent between channels. It is therefore sufficient to only consider the average SNR as a measure of the statistics of a channel.
- the sources and relays therefore go back to the destination with metrics representative of the average SNR of the channels that they can observe.
- the destination thus knows the average SNR of each channel.
- the destination transmits for each source s a representative value (index, MCS, rate, etc.) of an initial rate Rt and a value aj.
- Each of the initial rates unambiguously determines an initial modulation and coding scheme (MCS) or conversely each initial MCS determines an initial rate.
- MCS modulation and coding scheme
- Each source transmits its framed messages to the destination with the help of other sources and relays.
- a frame occupies time slots during the transmission of M messages from respectively M sources.
- the transmission of a frame (which defines a transmission cycle) takes place during M + T used time intervals: M intervals for the first phase of respective capacities N channel uses for each source i, T used intervals for a second phase which will be described later in this document.
- each source S transmits after coding a message u s of K s bits of information being the two-element Galois body.
- THE message us includes a CRC type code which makes it possible to verify the integrity of the message us .
- the message u s is encoded according to the initial MCS. Since the initial MCSs may be different between sources, the lengths of the encoded messages may be different between sources.
- the applied coding uses an incremental redundancy code, which can be based, for example but not exclusively, on existing codes such as convolutional codes, turbo codes, LDPC, etc.
- a message transmitted by each source is encoded in a coded sequence of bits (there may be segmentation of the message into several independently encoded sub-blocks if the message is too long) by a very low efficiency mother code (for example 1/3), the coded bits are then placed in a circular buffer shown in [Fig. 4] comprising several reading start positions Pos. 0, Pos. 1, Pos. 2 and Pos. 3.
- a circular buffer contains the coded bits of a message from a source encoded by a (possibly) systematic mother code of low efficiency and making it possible to select a particular redundancy of the message to be transmitted according to a starting position of reading in the circular buffer.
- indices Pos. 0, Pos. 1, Pos. 2 and Pos. 3 correspond to different redundancy blocks/versions.
- a node will read the number of encoded bits to send, corresponding to the number of channel uses available for a given modulation and message size, from the corresponding redundancy position by moving in the circular buffer in the direction of initial filling.
- the incremental redundancy code is of systematic type, it is such that the first version of the redundancy block/version can be decoded independently of the other blocks/versions.
- the M sources successively transmit the first redundancy RV0 of their respective messages u s coded during the M intervals, with respectively modulation and coding schemes determined from the values of the initial flow rates.
- Each message transmitted to us corresponds to a source , a correctly decoded message is assimilated to the corresponding source by notation abuse.
- the other sources and relays listen and attempt to decode the messages received at the end of each time interval.
- a second transmission phase comprises steps E1 to E6.
- the destination determines the success or otherwise of decoding the messages received using the CRC.
- a given node can in fact act as a relay by cooperating with the sources to help the destination correctly decode messages from all sources.
- This given node transmits (ie cooperates by transmitting) a redundant version of a message from a source that it has correctly decoded.
- the second phase includes a maximum of T max time intervals (time slots) called rounds. Each round t ⁇ ⁇ 1, ... , T max ] has a capacity of N 2 uses of the channel.
- the destination broadcasts an ACK type message.
- a transmission cycle of a new frame begins with the erasure of the memories of the relays and the destination and with the transmission by the sources of new messages.
- a retransmission method comprising steps E2 to E6 is implemented.
- the destination broadcasts an MSG message identifying the source(s) for which it has decoded the message sent without error.
- sources are called decoded sources.
- the MSG message may be addressed to relays, sources capable of serving as relays, or both. This message is a control message.
- Such a message broadcast by the destination includes, in a first implementation, identifiers of the sources for which the destination has decoded the message sent without error.
- the nodes intercepting the broadcast message determine the sources for which the destination has not decoded the transmitted message without error.
- the message broadcast by the destination includes identifiers of the sources for which the destination has not decoded the message transmitted without error.
- the nodes intercepting the broadcast message immediately know the identity of the sources for which the destination has not decoded the transmitted message without error.
- the destination informs the nodes using a limited feedback control channel to transmit the MSG message.
- This MSG message is based on the decoding result of the messages received by the destination.
- the destination thus controls the transmission of the nodes using this MSG message, which improves spectral efficiency and reliability, by increasing the probability of decoding of all sources by the destination
- a node who has correctly decoded the message u s from one or more sources not correctly decoded by the destination at the end of the previous time interval (round) noted transmits to the destination, in a step E3, the identifier of these sources.
- the destination selects a source s i for which retransmission is required.
- a source s i is selected from the set of sources correctly decoded by one or more nodes at the end of the previous time interval t (round t), t ⁇ ⁇ 0, ..., T max ⁇ .
- the source s i selected by the destination is the source for which a signal-to-noise ratio SNRi associated with a composite transmission channel, , established directly between each of the nodes having decoded without error the message sent u i by the source s i and the destination, is the highest.
- the destination By choosing the source for which the composite transmission channel has a high signal-to-noise ratio, the destination increases its chances of decoding the message u i without error during its retransmission.
- the destination d determines, among the sources and relays of H i , a subset, hereinafter called active set ⁇ i associated with the source s i , of nodes, called active nodes, intended to contribute to retransmitting the message sent by the source s i , and issues an RTM retransmission request to the active nodes belonging to the active set ( ⁇ i ).
- This RTM retransmission request includes an identifier of the source Si-
- step E6 a retransmission of a redundancy of the message u t transmitted by the source s i is carried out.
- each active node Upon receipt of the retransmission request by the nodes of the active set, each active node, in step E6, transmits the same redundancy, modulated by a phase factor
- the factor h a, d represents the transmission channel established between node a and the destination corresponds to the conjugate h a * d of the channel transmission h a, d established between node a and destination d divided by its norm
- the factor ⁇ a, d represents the phase of the established transmission channel between this active node and the destination d.
- the transmission power of each node in this step E6 is denoted P.
- each of the active nodes knows the phase ⁇ a, d .
- the combination at the destination of retransmissions by these active nodes is then coherent, because each node can compensate this phase by a factor so that all messages arrive at the destination at the same time, ensuring the consistency of the combination of these messages .
- the signal-to-noise ratio SNRi of the composite transmission channel is therefore expressed in the form:
- this second implementation of transmission is carried out such that all redundancies transmitted by the active nodes are received at the same time by the destination in a coherent manner.
- the composite channel in this case is expressed according to the following formula:
- Such a transmission mode makes it possible to obtain, on the destination side, a coherent combination of all the signals transmitted by the active nodes.
- the redundancy of the message transmitted by each active node is the same. Such redundancy may be the RVO redundancy transmitted during the first PHI phase or any other redundancy of the message u i .
- the transmission of redundancies can follow a predefined order of starting positions for reading the circular buffer for a message from a repeating source. For example with reference to [Fig. 4] for 4 redundancy blocks/versions, a systematic LDPC code and N the order can be Pos. 0, Pos. 2, Pos. 3, Pos. 1 and so on with RVO and RV3 the redundancy versions associated with Pos. 0 and Pos. 3 which can be decoded independently of other blocks/versions (each second transmission is self-decoding).
- the signal-to-noise ratio SNR i of the composite transmission channel is expressed in the form:
- each active node belonging to the first group D i On receipt of the retransmission request, each active node belonging to the first group D i transmits, in a step E6', the same redundancy of the message transmitted by the source s i modulated by a phase factor and each active node belonging to the second group E i transmits the same redundancy of said message transmitted by the source s i without phase modulation in the same time interval, so that all these redundancies transmitted by these active nodes are received at the same time by the destination d.
- destination d will be able to provide such information to all active nodes in the system, further improving the quality of transmission.
- the redundancy of the message transmitted by each active node having decoded without error the message u i transmitted by the source s i is the same for each of these active nodes.
- Such redundancy can be the RVO redundancy transmitted during the first PHI phase or any other redundancy of the message u i .
- the transmission of redundancies can follow a predefined order of starting positions for reading the circular buffer for the same message from a source which would need to be retransmitted several times.
- a systematic LDPC code and the order can be Pos. 0, Pos. 2, Pos. 3, Pos. 1 and so on with RVO and RV3 the redundancy versions associated with Pos. 0 and Pos. 3 which can be decoded independently of other blocks/versions (each second transmission is self-decoding).
- step E5 represents in more detail step E5, in which the destination d determines an active set ⁇ t, then requests to retransmit a redundancy of the message a that it could not decode without error to the active nodes constituting this set active ⁇ i .
- the source s i which sent it (and whose destination seeks to obtain redundancy) and the index i of this source.
- Step E5 comprises a step E50 of determining such an active set ⁇ i , and a step E52 of transmitting a retransmission request to the active nodes constituting this active set.
- the determination of the active nodes constituting the active set ⁇ i is carried out among the sources and relays of the system .
- the retransmission request is addressed, by the destination, to the active nodes of the active set ⁇ i .
- the determination of the active set ⁇ i is carried out using a utility metric M: A i -> F(A i ).
- the utility metric M(A i ) is determined by the destination for one or more subsets A i , these subsets A i , all being included in the set of sources and relays of the system.
- the destination selects the subset A i presenting the highest utility metric M(A i ). In other words, the destination selects the most advantageous subset A i in the sense of this utility metric M.
- the destination determines a utility metric M(A i ) for at least one subset A i of given nodes.
- the utility metric M is a function of the size
- the subset A i whose determined utility metric is the largest is then selected as the active set ⁇ i .
- the set H i includes the nodes j of such as represents the nodes that were able to decode a message from the source in the previous frame represents the complement (in the set of nodes whose destination was able to decode without error in the previous frame t - 1.
- the utility metric M of a given subset A i is proportional to mutual information with discrete input between the source s i and the destination d knowing the composite transmission channel h eq Ai established between the source and destination via the nodes of the subset A i .
- the mutual information is a quantity representative of the quality of the channel established between the source s i and the destination d via the nodes of the subset A i .
- Mutual information can be expressed in the form of a difference between the entropy H(x i ) of a message sent by the source s i and the conditional entropy of said message emitted by the source knowing the message y t received by the destination d.
- conditional entropy is expressed as follows:
- the denominator presents an increase logarithmic.
- logarithmic growth it is meant at least logarithmic, that is to say that the growth of the denominator is either logarithmic or faster (linear, quadratic, exponential, etc.).
- the utility metric M(A i ) of a subset A i is determined according to the following formula:
- the utility metric of a subset A i is therefore inversely proportional to an increasing function of the size of said subset A i, said increasing function exhibiting logarithmic growth.
- a denominator of the type comes from the fact that, in the regimes limited in power, the mutual information increases linearly with the received power while it increases logarithmically at high SNR or band limited regime.
- transmission by an additional active node ie its integration into a subset by increasing the utility metric
- the discrete nature of the channel inputs via mutual information is also important, because the mutual information is capped by the number of bits q carried by the modulation.
- the coefficient is constant whatever , For example
- n is a constant (not necessarily integer) greater than 1. In this case the denominator therefore exhibits exponential growth.
- step E50 The general principle for obtaining the active set during step E50 has been described so far.
- a first determination process represented [Fig. 6] the destination determines, during step E50 and for each source s i for which a retransmission of a redundancy can be requested by the destination, an active set ⁇ i .
- This first process is called individual process, i.e. source by source.
- the destination initializes the process (E510), by initiating, in a step E520, an iteration loop for each source s i of all the sources not decoded by the destination.
- the destination determines in a step E530 the set H i of a source s i (on which we iterate), that is to say the set of all the nodes that can contribute to the retransmission of the message sent by this source if i (ie the nodes as otherwise formulated nodes having decoded the message sent by the source if).
- the destination determines, for this source s i , the active set ⁇ i which is associated with it during a step E540.
- the destination checks in a step E550 whether there are still sources for which the corresponding active set ⁇ i must be determined. If this is the case, the destination loops back to step E520, otherwise it completes the process in step E560.
- step E540 comprises: the determination of all the subsets A i of the set H i , the determination, for each subset A i , of its corresponding utility metric M(A i ), determining the subset A i presenting the highest utility metric among the set of utility metrics determined as the active set ⁇ i of the source s i .
- This embodiment is called an exhaustive process, because the destination determines an optimal subset in the sense of the utility metric in an exhaustive manner, that is to say that a metric is calculated for all configurations (i.e. all active subsets) possible.
- step E540 the destination constructs the active set.
- step E540 includes sorting the nodes j constituting the set H i in descending order of SNR, constructing a subset A i initially equal to the empty set, an iteration on the nodes j constituting the set H i in descending order of SNR, an iteration loop comprising: if the addition of node j to the subset A i improves the utility metric of the subset A i , effectively add this node j to the subset A i and continue the iteration, otherwise stop the iteration and select the subset A i as the active set ⁇ i for the source s i .
- step E540 is called determination by decreasing SNR of the active set.
- This determination by decreasing SNR has less complexity than the exhaustive determination, while making it possible to determine an active set which is an approximation of the optimal set in the sense of the utility metric M.
- the active set determined by the determination by decreasing SNR is the optimal set in the sense of the utility metric M.
- the messages are combined in a coherent (ie non-destructive) manner as explained above in point 5.1.3.
- the equivalent channel is then a function of the gains
- this determination by decreasing SNR in that it comprises the construction of a subset A i initially equal to the empty set, said construction comprising at least one iteration of the following steps: determining the node j not belonging to the subset A i having the largest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), if the addition of said node j to the subset A i improves the utility metric of the subset A i , add the node j to the subset A i , otherwise stop the iteration, the subset A i thus constructed being the active set ⁇ i .
- SNR signal-to-noise ratio
- This common process differs from the source-by-source process in that several steps are shared between the different sources for which redundant retransmission of the message is requested by the destination.
- step E50 of this common process determines an active set ⁇ i common to all sources s i for which retransmission of a redundancy is requested by the destination.
- Step E50 thus includes an initialization step E515.
- an I_MAX value is initialized to the value 0.
- the destination starts, in a step E525, an iteration loop on the sources s i of all of the sources not decoded by the destination.
- the destination determines in a step E535 its set H i .
- the destination determines the mutual information relating to a channel established between the source s i and the destination d via the nodes of the set H i .
- the destination determines the mutual information in a step E545 (that is to say the mutual information between the source s i and the destination d through the nodes constituting the set.
- the destination compares in a step E555 this mutual information with the value I_MAX which represents the greatest value of mutual information relating to a channel established between the source s i and the destination d via the nodes of the set H i calculated so far. If (SNR H .) > I. _MAX, then this means that the set H i of the current source s i is the set granting to the source s i the best mutual information calculated so far, and the destination stores in memory this pair (s i , H i ) in a step E565, then loops back to the start of the iteration in step E525, if there remain sources s i on which the destination has not yet iterated.
- the destination obtains the best source-set pair From this best pair the destination determines the active set ⁇ i for this source s i in a step E575. The destination selects this active set as an active set for all the sources for which a retransmission of a redundancy is requested by the destination, and completes the common process in a step E585.
- Step E575 may include an exhaustive determination, as described in point 5.5.1.
- step E575 may include a determination by decreasing SNR as described in point 5.5.2.
- this common determination includes the determination, for at least one source s i not decoded, of an associated set H i (ie the set) comprising the nodes having decoded without error the message sent by said source, and the determination of the mutual information relating to said associated set H i , and determining, among the at least one non-decoded source, the source whose associated set presents the highest relative mutual information, and determining the active set of said source thus determined, the active set of each of said at least one non-decoded source being equal to said active set thus determined.
- the [fig. 8] represents a destination intended for an OMAMRC telecommunications system with M sources, possibly L relays and a destination, M ⁇ 2, L ⁇ 0 according to one embodiment of the invention.
- a destination is capable of implementing the transmission method according to Figure 3.
- a destination can include at least one hardware processor 51, a storage unit 52, and at least one network interface 53 which are connected to each other via a bus 54.
- the constituent elements of the destination can be connected using a connection other than a bus.
- the processor 51 controls the operations of the destination.
- the storage unit 52 stores at least one program for implementing the method according to one embodiment of the invention to be executed by the processor 51, and various data, such as parameters used for calculations carried out by the processor. 51, intermediate calculation data carried out by the processor 51, etc.
- the processor 51 can be formed by any known and suitable hardware or software, or by a combination of hardware and software.
- the processor 51 can be formed by dedicated hardware such as a processing circuit, or by a programmable processing unit such as a Central Processing Unit which executes a program stored in a memory. this one.
- the storage unit 52 may be formed by any suitable means capable of storing the program(s) and data in a computer-readable manner. Examples of storage unit 52 include non-transitory computer-readable storage media such as solid-state memory devices, and magnetic, optical, or magneto-optical recording media loaded into a read and read unit. 'writing.
- the network interface 53 provides a connection between the destination and all of the nodes
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23735004.6A EP4548514A1 (fr) | 2022-06-28 | 2023-06-23 | Procédé de retransmission coopérative dans un système omamrc |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| FRFR2206422 | 2022-06-28 | ||
| FR2206422A FR3137234A1 (fr) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Procédé de retransmission coopérative dans un système OMAMRC |
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| PCT/EP2023/067140 Ceased WO2024002898A1 (fr) | 2022-06-28 | 2023-06-23 | Procédé de retransmission coopérative dans un système omamrc |
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| EP (1) | EP4548514A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3137234A1 (fr) |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090262678A1 (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-10-22 | Ozgur Oyman | Cooperative communications techniques |
| WO2019162592A1 (fr) | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-29 | Orange | Procédé et système omamrc de transmission avec adaptation lente de lien sous contrainte d'un bler |
-
2022
- 2022-06-28 FR FR2206422A patent/FR3137234A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2023
- 2023-06-23 WO PCT/EP2023/067140 patent/WO2024002898A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-23 EP EP23735004.6A patent/EP4548514A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090262678A1 (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-10-22 | Ozgur Oyman | Cooperative communications techniques |
| WO2019162592A1 (fr) | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-29 | Orange | Procédé et système omamrc de transmission avec adaptation lente de lien sous contrainte d'un bler |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| CEROVIC STEFAN ET AL: "Efficient Cooperative HARQ for Multi-Source Multi-Relay Wireless Networks", 2018 14TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS AND MOBILE COMPUTING, NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATIONS (WIMOB), IEEE, 15 October 2018 (2018-10-15), pages 61 - 68, XP033476428, DOI: 10.1109/WIMOB.2018.8589086 * |
| S. CEROVICR. VISOZL. MADIER: "Efficient Cooperative HARQ for Multi-Source Multi-Relay Wireless Networks,", 2018, IEEE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON SELECTED TOPICS |
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| EP4548514A1 (fr) | 2025-05-07 |
| FR3137234A1 (fr) | 2023-12-29 |
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