WO2024002842A1 - Système et procédé d'extraction de molécules volatiles provenant de matière première végétale - Google Patents
Système et procédé d'extraction de molécules volatiles provenant de matière première végétale Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024002842A1 WO2024002842A1 PCT/EP2023/066901 EP2023066901W WO2024002842A1 WO 2024002842 A1 WO2024002842 A1 WO 2024002842A1 EP 2023066901 W EP2023066901 W EP 2023066901W WO 2024002842 A1 WO2024002842 A1 WO 2024002842A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- enclosure
- solvent
- extraction system
- capture device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/027—Recovery of volatiles by distillation or stripping
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/10—Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof
- A23L27/115—Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof obtained by distilling, stripping, or recovering of volatiles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0215—Solid material in other stationary receptacles
- B01D11/0219—Fixed bed of solid material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0215—Solid material in other stationary receptacles
- B01D11/0253—Fluidised bed of solid materials
- B01D11/0257—Fluidised bed of solid materials using mixing mechanisms, e.g. stirrers, jets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D2011/007—Extraction using a solvent in the gas phase
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of manufacturing natural plant extracts, and more particularly to the field of capturing volatile compounds and molecules from plant raw materials, and in particular from flowers, including silent flowers.
- the invention relates more precisely to a system and a method making it possible to capture odorous substances from plants, and to make these substances available (in particular in the form of an extract on a support) for their use, for example in the composition of a perfume.
- the invention also relates to such an extract.
- the oldest process is called enfleurage, and consists of placing freshly picked flowers on a fatty substance such as animal fat, then letting the fatty substance soak up the scent of the flowers. At the end of this step, the grease is used as is or treated before use.
- document EP 2 644 039 describes a device for extracting perfume ingredients from a plant, constituting an alternative to the enfleurage technique.
- This device includes an extraction enclosure, which contains a container for plants, such as flowers (jasmine, rose, tuberose, etc.) and is crossed by a current of gas. The gas is then guided via a compressor into a collection chamber where the odorous substances it contains are trapped by a solvent which can be a vegetable oil.
- the invention is based on the observation that we do not currently know of a process for capturing volatile molecules which makes it possible to obtain a product whose odor is exactly representative of the odor of the plant, in particular its notes. of head. Furthermore, existing processes do not make it possible to capture the odors of certain plants, including in particular so-called "mute" flowers such as lily of the valley, hyacinth, lilac, freesia, etc. A flower is generally considered to be mute if it meets at least one of the following conditions:
- the present invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of the state of the art, and in particular those described above, by proposing a system and a method for extracting natural plant extracts which make it possible to obtain an extract representative of the smell of the raw material.
- the invention also aims to propose a system and an extraction process which do not use polluting or dangerous substances, and which have an energy yield possibly greater than known extraction processes.
- the invention relates to a system for extracting volatile molecules from a plant raw material, comprising:
- At least one enclosure comprising a plurality of receptacles, configured to receive a plant raw material, the enclosure being gas-tight and comprising an inlet and an outlet arranged at two ends of the enclosure, the enclosure being configured to generate a circulation of gas within the enclosure at the level of each receptacle, with a gas flow rate close to or equal to the level of each receptacle;
- a compression device configured to adjust the pressure of the air or a gas circulating from the enclosure to a capture system at a relative pressure greater than or equal to 2 bars; the capture system comprising:
- a first capture device at least partially filled with a first solvent, so as to allow an exchange between the first solvent and the compressed gas driven by the compression device;
- a second capture device comprising an inlet connected to a pipe making it possible to bring the air evacuated from the first capture device into the second capture device, the second capture device being at least partially filled with a second solvent, so as to allow a exchange between the second solvent and the compressed gas having passed through the first capture device.
- the invention also relates to a process for extracting volatile molecules from a plant raw material, such as flowers, the extraction process comprising the following steps:
- step (a) - capture the depleted gas in a second organic solvent having a solubility in water less than or equal to 20% by weight, preferably identical to the first organic solvent, and separate by condensation the water vapor contained in the gas, to obtain a second organic phase, a second aqueous phase and a still depleted gas which is optionally recirculated in step (a),
- the invention relates to a method and a device for extracting aromatic compounds from a plant material, as well as the extract thus obtained.
- plant material fresh plant material, possibly washed, or plant material having undergone at least one mechanical (e.g. blown), chemical (e.g. oxidized) and/or thermal treatment (in particular dried, grilled or roasted). ) after harvest and from which odorous molecules can be extracted. It is preferably fresh plant material, that is to say all types of plants freshly picked or cut, and not dried. Plant material can be any part of any plant and in particular consist of leaves, flowers, fruits, stems, flowering tops, needles, roots or mixtures thereof.
- the extraction system uses a circulation of gas, in particular air, at a temperature advantageously close to, or equal to, ambient temperature, to drive the volatile molecules emitted by the stored raw material towards a solvent. inside the enclosure.
- a circulation of gas in particular air
- a substance such as water vapor, a solvent or other chemical product
- the system according to the invention makes it possible to increase the exchanges between the compressed gas and the solvents contained in the capture devices, thus increasing the efficiency of the capture of volatile molecules by the solvent(s). We thus increases the efficiency and extraction yield of the extraction system, in particular making it compatible with industrial use.
- the system which is the subject of the invention also makes it possible to treat several successive quantities of raw material for the same quantity of solvent, and thus to obtain a higher concentration of volatile molecules in the solvent.
- the system according to the invention is particularly suitable for solvents of non-petrochemical origin.
- the extraction system according to the invention is thus more ecological than known systems and processes, and facilitates the compliance of finished products with legislation, in particular concerning the presence of residual solvents.
- the system according to the invention is compatible with so-called silent flowers.
- the enclosure is configured to generate a circulation of gas within the enclosure at the level of each receptacle, with a gas flow rate close to or equal to the level of each receptacle. To do this, several types of configurations are possible.
- the enclosure comprises an inlet and an outlet respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the enclosure and the inlet of the enclosure is connected to a gas or air distribution column passing through the enclosure, the distribution column comprising a tubular body, the tubular body comprising a plurality of perforated longitudinal sections comprising distribution orifices at the level of each receptacle, each perforated section being arranged between two adjacent receptacles, the cumulative surface of the orifices of each section successive openwork being decreasing from the entrance to the exit of the enclosure.
- the orifices are of identical shape and size, the number of orifices of each successive perforated section decreasing from the entrance to the exit of the enclosure.
- the enclosure comprises an outer envelope and an inner envelope, the inner envelope comprising a plurality of perforated longitudinal sections comprising distribution orifices at the level of each receptacle, each perforated section being arranged between two adjacent receptacles, the cumulative surface area of the orifices of each successive perforated section decreasing from the entrance to the exit of the enclosure.
- the enclosure comprises a gas or air distribution column provided with perforated longitudinal sections at the level of each receptacle and the distribution column is connected to the outlet of the enclosure.
- the receptacles comprise perforated lower and upper walls.
- the enclosure comprises a plurality of receptacles arranged side by side and the inlet of the enclosure is connected to a gas or air distribution column comprising a tubular body, the tubular body comprising a plurality of perforated longitudinal sections comprising distribution orifices at the level of each receptacle, the cumulative surface area of the orifices of each successive perforated section being decreasing along the distribution column, from the entrance to the enclosure.
- the enclosure comprises a plurality of removable receptacles around a horizontal axis, the inlet of each receptacle comprising gas or air distribution orifices.
- the compression device has an inlet connected to the outlet of the enclosure so as to suck the gas contained in the enclosure, and has an outlet connected to an inlet of the first capture device.
- the compression device is configured to provide a pressure greater than 2 bars, and for example greater than 4 bars.
- the compression device is configured to provide a pressure of between 4 and 6 bars.
- the compression device is configured so that the flow rate of gas circulating at the outlet of the enclosure, when the volume of the enclosure is between 100 and 200 liters, is greater than 20 liters per minute, i.e. of preferably less than 100 liters per minute, and for example between 30 and 80 liters per minute.
- the compression device is an oil-free type compressor.
- the extraction system comprises two enclosures, the output of each enclosure being connected to the input of the compression device.
- the extraction system comprises a selection device allowing, for each enclosure, to activate or deactivate the circulation of gas, the selection device allowing the circulation of gas to be activated, either selectively in one or the other of the two enclosures, or in both enclosures simultaneously, the selection device comprising for example one or more valves.
- the selection device is controlled automatically, for example via a timer device.
- the extraction system comprises two or more enclosures, arranged inside a container, each of the enclosures comprising one or more gas inlets and one or more gas outlets connected to a gas outlet. unique gas from the container.
- each receptacle comprising a bottom wall and, preferably, a peripheral side wall.
- the bottom wall and/or the side wall of each receptacle comprises a plurality of gas circulation orifices.
- the first solvent has a solubility in water less than or equal to 20%, and preferably less than or equal to 10%.
- the second solvent is identical to the first solvent, or different from the first solvent, the second solvent then being miscible with the first solvent.
- the second solvent has a solubility in water less than or equal to 20%, and preferably less than or equal to 10%.
- the first capture device and/or the second capture device comprises means for generating bubbles in the first and/or the second solvent, respectively, such as a turbine, a sintered filter, a nebulization system or an ultrasonic probe. It is preferably a porous metal filter, for example a metal sintered type filter, so that the gas entering the first capture device is forced to pass through the filter before coming into contact with the first solvent. and/or that the gas entering the second capture device is forced to pass through the filter before coming into contact with the second solvent.
- the first capture device and/or the second capture device comprises a part forming a container for the condensation water resulting from the condensation occurring during the circulation of gas in the extraction system.
- the first capture device and/or the second capture device comprises a device for emptying the condensation water, the emptying device being able to be controlled automatically.
- the invention also relates to an extraction method implementing the extraction system defined above.
- the invention specifically relates to a process for extracting volatile molecules from a plant raw material, such as flowers, the process comprising the following steps:
- step (a) capture the depleted gas in a second organic solvent having a solubility in water less than or equal to 20% by weight, preferably identical to the first organic solvent, and separate the water vapor by condensation contained in the gas, to obtain a second organic phase, a second aqueous phase and a still depleted gas which is optionally recirculated in step (a),
- depleted gas we mean that the gas is devoid of part of the volatile compounds that it contained before entering the first capture device.
- still depleted gas we mean that the gas is devoid of part of the volatile compounds that it contained before entering the second capture device.
- the method according to the invention implements an extraction system as described previously and in the remainder of this description.
- the process then includes the following steps:
- the gas extraction, compression and circulation steps are implemented in successive cycles, the extraction system being kept stopped between two successive operating cycles.
- the duration of each cycle corresponds to a first predetermined duration, in particular a duration greater than 15 minutes and for example equal to 30 minutes.
- the duration during which the extraction system is kept stopped corresponds to a second predetermined duration, the second predetermined duration being for example equal to the first predetermined duration.
- the duration of each cycle corresponds to the duration necessary for the compressed gas to reach a predetermined relative pressure, for example a relative pressure of between 2 and 10 bars or between 4 and 6 bars.
- the duration during which the extraction system is kept stopped corresponds to the duration necessary for the relative pressure of the compressed gas to reach a zero value.
- the method implements an extraction system comprising at least two enclosures, a process in which the extraction step is implemented alternatively within each enclosure.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of an extraction system according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a view of a gas distribution column.
- Figure 3 is a schematic view of an extraction system according to the invention, comprising two enclosures.
- FIG. 4 represents the steps of an extraction process according to the invention.
- Figure 5 illustrates a variant of the extraction system according to the invention.
- Figure 6 illustrates a second variant of the extraction system according to the invention.
- Figure 7 illustrates a third variant of the extraction system according to the invention.
- Figure 8 is a chromatogram illustrating the composition of rose absolute.
- Figure 9 is a chromatogram illustrating the composition of rose flowers.
- Figure 10 is a chromatogram illustrating the composition of a rose extract obtained according to the invention.
- Figure 11 is a chromatogram illustrating the composition of lily of the valley flowers.
- Figure 12 is a chromatogram illustrating the composition of a lily of the valley extract obtained according to the invention.
- FIG 1 is a schematic view of an example of extraction system 1 according to the invention.
- the extraction system 1 comprises a storage enclosure 10, making it possible to store an odorous raw material 2, in particular a fresh plant raw material, such as flowers 2.
- the extraction system 1 further comprises a device for compression 12 and a capture system 14, 16.
- the capture system comprises in the example a first capture device 14 and a second capture device 16.
- the extraction system 1 is configured to circulate a gas which can in particular be air through the enclosure 10 so as to drive a mixture of gas (or air) and volatile molecules emitted by the raw material 2 stored in the enclosure 10 towards the capture system 14, 16.
- the compression device 12 is arranged between the enclosure 10 and the capture system 14, 16, so as to suck up the gas contained in the enclosure 10, this gas being in the example air .
- the air sucked in is compressed by the compression device 12 and driven towards the first capture device 14.
- the passage of the air in the first capture device 14 allows the capture of a portion of the volatile molecules mixed with the air .
- the air is then entrained towards the second capture device 16.
- the second capture device 16 allows the capture of the portion of the volatile molecules not captured at the first capture device 14.
- the enclosure 10 comprises a gas-tight body 100, in the example a body 100 of generally straight cylindrical shape elongated along a vertical axis of symmetry.
- gastight we mean that the enclosure 10 is in particular airtight to the surrounding air, except for the air entering the enclosure 10 via an inlet 102 provided in the body 100, in the example at level d a lower end 104 of the body 100, and an outlet 106 provided in the body 100, in the example at an upper end 108.
- the internal volume of the enclosure is in the example between 150 and 160 liters.
- the enclosure 10 includes a plurality of receptacles 18 configured for the storage of raw material, such as fresh flowers 2.
- the enclosure 10 further comprises a gas distribution column 20, disposed within the body 100.
- the distribution column 20 which is described in more detail below, comprises a hollow body 200 connected to the inlet of air 102 and comprising one or more perforated sections 202.
- the perforated sections 202 allow a circulation of gas/air between the interior and exterior of the body 200, and therefore between the inlet 102 and the interior space of the enclosure 10 located around the distribution column.
- an air circulation is generated from the inlet 102 towards the outlet 106 of the enclosure, and the incoming air (see arrow F3 ) is forced to pass through the interior of the body 200 of the distribution column 20, then through the perforated sections 202 provided on the body 200, to then leave the enclosure 10 via the outlet 106.
- the column distribution 20 is arranged in the central part of the body 100, along the axis of symmetry of the body 100.
- the inlet 102 of the enclosure 10 is equipped with a filter, such as a carbon filter, making it possible to filter the air entering the enclosure 10 so that this air is free of any olfactory pollution.
- the compression device 12 comprises an inlet 120, which is connected to the outlet 106 of the enclosure 10 via a first pipe 22, and an outlet 122, which is connected to the first capture device 14 via the intermediate a second pipe 24.
- the compression device 12 is configured to suck the air contained in the enclosure 10 and to compress this air, which is loaded with volatile molecules from the raw material 2 stored in the enclosure 10
- the compression device 12 is in the example a dry compressor (that is to say of the oil-free type), which makes it possible not to pollute the air circulating in the extraction system 1.
- a lubricated compression device 12 would be likely to generate pollution in the extraction system, in particular by releasing lubricant particles into the gas/air circuit, which would be harmful to the quality of the final product, which could contain particles of lubricant (and moreover the lubricant could be contaminated by volatile molecules coming from previous extractions).
- the compression device 12 is configured to generate at its output a relative pressure greater than or equal to 2 bars or 3 bars.
- the compression device 12 is capable of generating a relative pressure of between 4 and 5 bars or between 4 and 6 bars.
- Providing a compression device placed downstream of the enclosure 10 makes it possible to generate air circulation in the enclosure 10 by suction, which is better for entraining the volatile molecules of the flowers 2 placed in the enclosure 10 by compared to an air circulation generated by pressurizing the enclosure 10, which would also be more likely to generate turbulence harmful to the operation of the system and to the raw material contained in the enclosure 10.
- the device for compression 12 is configured to generate a flow of air (or gas) which is sufficient to ensure the entrainment of the air contained in the enclosure, and which remains low enough not to generate excessive turbulence in the enclosure 10, and in particular so as not to generate turbulence likely to displace the raw material.
- a compression device 12 could be provided ensuring an air flow at the inlet of the device of between 30 and 100 liters per minute, and ensuring an air flow at the outlet of the device of between 10 and 50 liters per minute.
- the compression device 12 will be provided to ensure an inlet air flow of 50 liters per minute and an outlet air flow of 20 liters per minute.
- the air flow that the compression device can generate at the inlet will depend in particular on the internal volume of the enclosure 10.
- the first capture device 14 comprises a body 140 forming a column-type container, and comprises an inlet 142 connected to the second pipe 24 and an outlet 144 connected to a third pipe 26 connecting the first and second capture devices 14, 16.
- the inlet 142 is disposed at a lower end of the body 140, and allows the admission of compressed air coming from the compression device 12, while the outlet 144 is disposed at a upper end of the body 140, and allows 'evacuate the air towards the third pipe 26 and therefore towards the second capture device 16.
- the body 140 is partially filled with a first solvent S1, and for this purpose comprises a first part 141 forming a container for the first solvent S1.
- the first solvent is chosen from solvents suitable for the formulation of perfumes, and is preferably a solvent of natural origin and non-polluting.
- a porous metal filter 146 for example of the metal sintered type, is arranged at the inlet 142, so that the air entering the body 140 is forced to pass through the filter 146 before coming into contact with the first solvent.
- a bubbling phenomenon is generated thanks to the filter 146, allowing an exchange between the compressed air and the first solvent. This exchange results in capture of at least a first part of the volatile molecules contained in the air by the first solvent.
- another bubble generation system can be used in place of the filter 146.
- the efficiency of the capture carried out thanks to the passage of air in the solvent is improved thanks to the pressurization of air, the exchanges between the air and the solvent being increased by the air pressure.
- the filter 146 preferably has a porosity of between 10 and 100 microns, preferably between 20 and 60 microns, and for example equal to 20 microns. Fine porosity promotes the generation of fine air (or gas) bubbles and allows for a larger exchange surface between the first solvent and the air.
- the filter 146 is a sintered metal filter made of stainless steel.
- the volume of first solvent is greater than or equal to 400 ml, and in particular between 500 ml and 2000 ml, or between 500 ml and 1200 ml, or between 600 ml and 1100 ml, and for example equal to 900 ml .
- the volume of solvent will be determined as a function of the quantity of raw material that can be stored in enclosure 10, and therefore as a function of the volume of enclosure 10. As such, a volume of solvent greater than 2000 ml could of course be considered.
- the body 140 of the first capture device 14 comprises a second part 148, located between the first part 141 and the outlet 144, forming a container for the storage of condensation water EC, that is to say the water coming from the condensation of the water contained in the air entering the first capture device (water coming from the air entering the enclosure 10 and raw material 2).
- the second part 148 is of course in fluid communication with the first part 141.
- the respective volumes of these two parts will be determined so that the first part 141 can contain the entire quantity of first solvent desired, and so that the second part preferably has a sufficient volume to accommodate all of the condensation water, for example a volume of between 4 and 10 liters.
- the air admitted into the first capture device 14 is evacuated through the outlet 144 and driven into the third pipe 26 towards the second capture device 16.
- the second capture device 16 comprises a body 160 forming a column-type container, and comprises an inlet 162 connected to the third pipe 26 and an outlet 164, which can be free or connected to a fourth pipe 28 connecting the second capture device to the inlet 102 of the enclosure 10.
- the inlet 162 is arranged at a lower end of the body 160, and allows the admission of the compressed air having passed through the first capture device (14), while the outlet 164 is arranged at a high end of the body 160, and allows the evacuation of the air from the second capture device 16.
- the body 160 is partially filled with a second solvent S2, chosen from solvents suitable for the formulation of perfumes and is preferably a solvent of natural and non-polluting origin. Furthermore, the second solvent is chosen to be miscible in the first solvent.
- a porous metal filter 166 for example of the metal sintered type, is placed at the inlet 162, so that the air entering the body 160 is forced to pass through the filter 166 before the second solvent.
- the passage of air within the second solvent results in the capture of volatile molecules contained in the air by the second solvent and the bubbling system is not limited to a sintered filter.
- the passage of compressed air into the second solvent thus makes it possible to capture a second part of the volatile molecules from the air and to recover these molecules in the second solvent.
- the efficiency of the capture carried out thanks to the passage of air in the second solvent is improved thanks to the pressurization of the air, the exchanges between the air and the solvent being increased by the air pressure.
- the filter 166 preferably has a porosity of between 10 and 100 microns, preferably between 20 and 60 microns, and for example equal to 20 microns.
- the filter 166 is a sintered metal filter made of stainless steel.
- the volume of second solvent is greater than or equal to 50 ml, and in particular between 50 ml and 300 ml, or between 50 ml and 200 ml, and for example equal to 100 ml.
- the body 160 of the second capture device 16 comprises a compartment in the upper part, in which a condensation device 168 is placed, comprising in the example Raschig rings.
- the condensation device 168 makes it possible to optimize the condensation of volatile molecules remaining mixed with the air and not having been captured by the solvents.
- the condensation device 168 may include a nebulization device.
- the first solvent has a hydrophobic character, in order to prevent the first solvent from being able to dissolve (or only in very limited quantities) in the water contained in the air circulating in the extraction system 1, or in water condensed in the first capture device 14.
- the first solvent has a solubility in water less than or equal to 20% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 10% by weight, or even less than or equal at 5% by weight.
- the first solvent is an organic solvent that those skilled in the art can choose depending on the plant material extracted and which advantageously comprises: at least one alkyl ester, at least one triglyceride (in particular triglycerides of C8/C10 acids ) ; at least one fatty acid, for example a C12-C22 carboxylic acid; at least one fatty alcohol, for example C6-C20; and their mixtures. It is preferred to use an alkyl ester, in particular triethyl citrate (or TEC).
- the second solvent also has a hydrophobic character and preferably has a solubility in water less than or equal to 20%, or less than or equal to 10% or even less than or equal to 5%.
- the second solvent is an organic solvent that those skilled in the art can choose depending on the plant material extracted and which advantageously comprises: at least one alkyl ester, at least one triglyceride (in particular triglycerides of C8/C10 acids ) ; at least one fatty acid, for example a C12-C22 carboxylic acid; at least one fatty alcohol, for example C6-C20; and their mixtures. It is preferred to use an alkyl ester, in particular triethyl citrate (or TEC).
- the second solvent may be identical to, or different from, the first solvent. It is preferred that the first and second solvents are identical. When the second solvent is different from the first solvent, it is, as mentioned above, chosen so as to be miscible with the first solvent, so that at the end of the capture of the molecules contained in the air circulating in the system of extraction 1, the two solvents can be mixed and thus provide a product directly usable by the perfume manufacturing industries.
- the extraction system 1 preferably comprises a device 13 for measuring the relative pressure, arranged in the example at the outlet of the compression device 12.
- the extraction system 1 comprises a device for adjusting the maximum pressure in outlet of the compression device 12, such as a needle valve.
- the extraction system 1 can, alternatively or in addition, include a pressure regulation device.
- the fourth pipe 28 is connected to the inlet 102 of the enclosure 10, via a device admission device 30.
- the admission device 30 is configured to produce a mixture comprising a part of air coming from the second capture device 16 and a part of air coming from outside the extraction system 1.
- the proportion of air coming from the second capture device 16 can be adjusted, preferably in a range varying between 0% and 100%.
- the admission device 30 allows the air entering the enclosure 10 to be exclusively air coming from outside the extraction system 1, or for this entering air to comprise a portion of air having already circulated through the extraction system 1.
- the enclosure 10 comprises a plurality of receptacles 18 allowing the storage of flowers 2.
- the receptacles 18 are in the example superimposed and each have a general shape adapted to the shape of the body 100 of the enclosure 10.
- the receptacles 18 have a generally symmetrical shape of revolution, around the axis of symmetry of the body 100.
- the dimensions of the receptacles 18 are chosen so that a space is delimited between the periphery of each receptacle 18 and the internal side wall of the body 100 of the enclosure 10.
- a vertical circulation of air (or gas) can be generated along the internal wall of the body 100 during the operation of the extraction system 1 (see arrows Fi).
- Each receptacle 18 has a bottom wall 180, forming a storage surface for the flowers.
- the bottom wall 180 can be a solid wall, or a perforated wall so as to allow air circulation through the bottom wall.
- the two end receptacles that is to say the receptacles located in the immediate vicinity respectively of the inlet 102 and the outlet 106, have a solid bottom wall 180, while all the receptacles located between the two receptacles extremes have a perforated bottom wall 180.
- the receptacles 18 may include a peripheral side wall 182 so that each receptacle forms a container.
- the receptacles 18 include a side wall 182, this is preferably perforated, so as to include a plurality of orifices distributed over all or part of the periphery of the corresponding receptacle 18.
- these are configured to allow air circulation at the level of each receptacle which is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the body 100, and therefore in a direction parallel to the corresponding bottom wall 180 (see arrows F2).
- the distribution column 20 is, as mentioned above, arranged in the central part of the body 100.
- the distribution column 20 comprises a hollow body 200, in the example of tubular shape.
- the body 200 has a generally symmetrical shape of revolution around the axis of symmetry of the body 100.
- the body 200 is open at a first end, or lower end 201, in order to be connected to the inlet 102 of the enclosure 10.
- the opposite end, or upper end 203 of the body 200 is closed.
- the body 200 comprises a plurality of perforated longitudinal sections 202, the adjacent perforated sections 202 being separated by a non-perforated section 205.
- Each perforated section 202 comprises a plurality of distribution orifices 204, each orifice 204 putting the interior into fluid communication.
- the distribution column 20 has as many perforated sections 202 as the enclosure 10 has receptacles 18.
- the distribution column 20 is configured so that each perforated section 202 is located above from the level of the bottom wall 180 of the corresponding receptacle 18 (each bottom wall being at the level of a non-perforated section 203).
- the orifices 204 of a perforated section 202 are arranged between the bottom walls 180 of two adjacent receptacles 18.
- the cumulative surface area of the orifices 204 of each consecutive perforated section 202 decreases from the lower end 201 towards the upper end 203, and therefore from the entrance to the exit of the enclosure 10.
- the distribution orifices 204 are of identical shape and size, the orifices 204 having in the example a cross section of the shape circular. The number of distribution orifices of each successive perforated section 202 decreases from the inlet to the outlet of the enclosure 10, i.e. from the lower end 201 towards the upper end 203 of the distribution column 20.
- each receptacle 18 is removable.
- each receptacle is engaged around the body 200 of the distribution column 20 and for this purpose comprises an opening formed in the bottom wall 180, the opening having a shape complementary to the shape of the cross section of the body 200, in the example a circular opening.
- Figure 3 represents a variant of the extraction system 1 of Figure 1, in which the system comprises two similar enclosures 10. Providing two enclosures 10 allows you to store a double quantity of flowers. The extraction of the air contained in the enclosures 10 can be carried out simultaneously, or, advantageously, alternatively.
- a selection device 32 comprising for example at least one valve, makes it possible to select from which enclosure 10 the air will be extracted during the operation of the extraction system 1 .
- the selection device 32 makes it possible to provide air extraction in one or the other of the enclosures 10, or in both enclosures 10 simultaneously.
- the selection device 32 can be controlled automatically, for example via a timer device.
- the air extraction can be carried out alternately within each enclosure, for example for a predetermined duration identical for each enclosure.
- FIGs 5 to 7 illustrate other embodiments of the extraction system according to the invention.
- the system shown in Figure 5 comprises an enclosure (10) provided with an air inlet (102) and an air outlet (106) and which contains a series (here five) of receptacles (40) arranged side by side.
- the inlet of the enclosure (10) is connected to a gas or air distribution column (20) comprising a tubular body, the tubular body comprising a plurality of perforated longitudinal sections comprising distribution orifices (not shown) at a bottom wall of each receptacle (40), such that an air flow of the same flow rate circulates (F3) in each receptacle.
- the cumulative surface area of the orifices of each successive perforated section is decreasing along the distribution column, from the inlet (102) of the enclosure (10).
- the enclosure (10) comprises an outer envelope corresponding to the body (100) and an inner envelope (41), the inner envelope (41) comprising a plurality of perforated longitudinal sections comprising orifices distribution (not shown) at the level of each receptacle (not shown), each perforated section being arranged between two adjacent receptacles, the cumulative surface of the orifices of each successive perforated section being decreasing from the inlet (102) towards the outlet (106 ) of the enclosure (10).
- the air extraction can be carried out in two different ways.
- the enclosure may comprise a gas or air distribution column provided with perforated longitudinal sections at each receptacle and the distribution column is connected to the outlet of the enclosure. The air thus circulates in the distribution column, from the inlet to the outlet of the enclosure.
- the receptacles comprise perforated lower and upper walls. The air or gas thus circulates from the bottom of the enclosure towards the outlet, passing through the different receptacles.
- the enclosure (not shown) comprises a plurality of receptacles (42) movable around a horizontal axis (43), the entrance to each receptacle (42) comprising distribution orifices of gas or air (not shown) provided in one of its vertical walls and adapted to pass the gas or air (F3) through the receptacle (42).
- the extraction of air or gas can also be carried out in two different ways.
- the axis can constitute a gas or air distribution tube provided with perforated longitudinal sections and the distribution column is connected to the outlet of the receptacle. The air or gas having passed through the plant material thus enters the distribution column and circulates from the inlet to the outlet of the enclosure.
- the receptacle comprises a second vertical wall opposite the first and perforated.
- Figure 4 represents an extraction method according to the invention, implementing an extraction system according to the invention.
- the process comprises a first step 200 during which a plant raw material, such as fresh flowers 2, is placed in the enclosure(s) 10.
- a plant raw material such as fresh flowers
- the method then comprises a step 202 of extracting the gas or air contained in the enclosure 10.
- the extraction is carried out in the example by suction of the air via the outlet of the enclosure, thanks to the device compression 12.
- the process then comprises a step 204 of compressing the extracted air, at a relative pressure greater than or equal to 2 bars, and advantageously at a pressure of between 3 and 5 bars.
- the method then comprises a step 206 of circulating the compressed air in the first capture device 14, step during which the compressed air passes through the first solvent, which allows the capture by the first solvent of part of the volatile molecules mixed with air.
- the method then comprises a step 208 of circulating the air extracted from the first capture device 14 in the second capture device 16, step during which the air passes through the second solvent, which allows capture by the second solvent of a part of the volatile molecules remaining mixed with the air.
- each cycle can be defined by a predetermined duration, for example a duration of 30 minutes.
- the method is implemented intermittently, the extraction system being in operation for the first predetermined duration, then stopped for a second determined duration, equal for example to 30 minutes.
- each cycle can be defined by the duration of obtaining a first predetermined pressure, the cycle being interrupted when the predetermined pressure is reached.
- the predetermined pressure can for example be between 4 and 5 bars. The extraction system is then kept stopped for a period necessary for the relative pressure to reach a second predetermined pressure, for example equal to 0.
- the system and the method described above are particularly suitable for implementation in an industrial context, whether in terms of extraction yield (that is to say the quantity of product extracted for a given quantity of raw material), productivity (quantity of material that can be processed in a given time), processing capacity (i.e. the quantity of raw material that the system can accept in one use), and/or in term of energy efficiency, since the system consumes little energy.
- the volume of the enclosure is greater than 100 or even 150 liters, and generally between 100 and 1000 liters, in particular between 100 and 500 liters and for example between 120 and 200 liters.
- the use of two or more speakers also makes it possible to increase the total processing capacity of the system, or to obtain a given processing capacity with smaller speakers.
- the first capture device and/or the second capture device comprises(s) a device for evacuating the condensation water.
- a device for evacuating the condensation water will for example include a valve which can be controlled manually or automatically.
- An automatically controlled condensation water evacuation device will allow condensation water to be evacuated automatically, during operation of the extraction system. Thus, it will not be necessary to interrupt the operation of the extraction system when the condensation water risks reaching too large a volume.
- At least part of the enclosure 10 is translucent or transparent, so as to allow light to penetrate into the enclosure. Indeed, depending on the type of flowers that we wish to treat with the extraction system, it may be useful for the flowers not to be in the dark (which can negatively influence the development of the flower and also on the quantity and quality of volatile molecules emitted by the flowers).
- the enclosure 10 is equipped with a heating and/or temperature regulation system, for example to maintain the interior of the enclosure at a given temperature, for example a temperature between 10° C and 50°C, preferably between 10°C and 30°C, especially between 20°C and 30°C.
- a heating and/or temperature regulation system for example to maintain the interior of the enclosure at a given temperature, for example a temperature between 10° C and 50°C, preferably between 10°C and 30°C, especially between 20°C and 30°C.
- the extraction system with air circulation has been described above, but we could consider circulating other types of gas in the extraction system, and in particular an inert gas such as l. 'nitrogen. If a gas other than air is used, the extraction system can be configured to operate either in a closed circuit or in an open circuit (in which case a continuous supply of gas must be provided).
- the invention also relates to the plant extract obtained according to the process described above.
- This plant extract can constitute a food flavoring or preferably a perfume ingredient.
- the perfume ingredient can be used in particular in the manufacture of an accord, that is to say a combination of a few perfume ingredients, or in the manufacture of a perfume, which contains a more complex combination of perfume ingredients. Examples Flower extraction
- An extraction system as illustrated in Figure 3 is used to obtain flower extracts conforming to the invention.
- Freshly harvested flowers are placed in two separate extraction cylinders. They are distributed evenly in the baskets and over the entire height of the cylinders.
- the system is started so that a flow of air passes alternately through one or the other of the cylinders, for a period of 15 to 60 min, preferably 30 min.
- the flowers are left in the cylinders for a time adapted to the good preservation of the flowers, typically for 8 to 48 hours, preferably for 24 hours. At the end of this time, the flowers are discharged and replaced with new, fresh flowers.
- This step is repeated until reaching an appropriate flower/solvent weight ratio of 20/1 to 200/1 depending on the olfactory power of the treated flowers.
- the solvent contained in the extraction columns is drawn off with the condensation water.
- the two phases respectively aqueous and organic, are separated by condensation and the aqueous phase undergoes chemical treatment (salt saturation) or physical treatment (centrifugation) in order to recover the part of the solvent solubilized in water, which is then combined with the phases. organic.
- the mixture obtained is dried to obtain the extract according to the invention.
- Example 2 Analysis of a rose extract An extract of Rosa centifolia flowers (Extract 1) was obtained as described in Example 1, using triethyl citrate as first and second solvents. This extract was analyzed and compared to a rose absolute of the same species, commonly used in the field of perfumery application, but also to the headspace fraction of the fresh flower.
- thermal desorption of the probe was carried out at 270°C for 15 min, with 2.5% of the efferent gas flow sent to a trap in order to concentrate the analytes before injection into GC.
- This trap corresponds to a glass tube containing an adsorbent based on a porous polymer (Tenax®). This trap was desorbed by rapid heating at 300°C for 5 min and the gas flow sent to the GC column to allow analysis of VOCs.
- the extraction of VOCs is automated via the Centri extraction and enrichment platform during a step preliminary to the desorption of the HiSorb probe.
- 500 mg of sample are introduced into a vial in 20 ml glass. This vial is first pre-incubated for 5 min at 40°C with stirring at 500 rpm to allow the vial to equilibrate to the extraction temperature.
- the device then introduces the HiSorb probe into the vial to extract the VOCs for 15 min at 40°C with stirring at 500 rpm.
- the HiSorb probe is then desorbed under the same conditions as the conditions applied in the case of the capture of VOCs from fresh flowers (15 min, 270°C).
- Chromatographic separation was obtained on an apolar DB1-MS column (Agilent) 30 x 0.25 m (0.25 pm), according to the following temperature gradient: isothermal 250°C, 5 min; gradient 3°C/min up to 120°C; gradient 5°C/min up to 250°C; isothermal 250°C, 5 min.
- the carrier gas used is helium with a constant flow rate of 1.6 ml/min.
- Concerning detection by mass spectrometry, the temperature of the transfer line was set at 250°C, that of the ionization source at 230°C, and the temperature of the MS Quad at 150°C.
- the ion scanning range was carried out between m/z 35 and m/z 550.
- the analysis was carried out by a trained panel.
- the extract obtained according to the invention was described as fresher compared to conventional rose extracts, closer to the olfactory characteristics of the flower, with notes of lychee, and honeyed and powdery notes characteristic of the rose Rosa centifolia.
- Example 2 An extract of lily of the valley flowers was obtained as described in Example 1, using triethyl citrate as first and second solvents. This extract was analyzed and compared to the headspace fraction of the fresh flower following the method described in Example 2.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202380049974.6A CN119365245A (zh) | 2022-06-29 | 2023-06-22 | 用于从植物原料提取挥发性分子的系统和方法 |
| EP23731716.9A EP4547359A1 (fr) | 2022-06-29 | 2023-06-22 | Système et procédé d'extraction de molécules volatiles provenant de matière première végétale |
| MA71313A MA71313A (fr) | 2022-06-29 | 2023-06-22 | Système et procédé d'extraction de molécules volatiles provenant de matière première végétale |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2206562A FR3137302A1 (fr) | 2022-06-29 | 2022-06-29 | Système et procédé d’extraction de molécules volatiles provenant de matière première végétales |
| FRFR2206562 | 2022-06-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024002842A1 true WO2024002842A1 (fr) | 2024-01-04 |
Family
ID=83593870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/066901 Ceased WO2024002842A1 (fr) | 2022-06-29 | 2023-06-22 | Système et procédé d'extraction de molécules volatiles provenant de matière première végétale |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4547359A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN119365245A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3137302A1 (fr) |
| MA (1) | MA71313A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024002842A1 (fr) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002053248A1 (fr) * | 2001-01-05 | 2002-07-11 | Yves Lecoffre | Procede et dispositif pour constituer par evaporation une substance volatile |
| CN103245536A (zh) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-14 | 杨铁钊 | 植物叶片中挥发氨的收集装置及其检测方法 |
| EP2644039A1 (fr) | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-02 | Helmut Rausche | Procédé d'obtention d'arômes à partir de matérial biologique |
| CN204694513U (zh) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-10-07 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | 植物挥发性物质抽提装置 |
| WO2016161420A1 (fr) * | 2015-04-03 | 2016-10-06 | Natural Extraction Systems, LLC | Procédé et appareil améliorés d'extraction d'huiles botaniques |
| CN108801714A (zh) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-13 | 林佳平 | 一种用于固相微萃取的植物挥发性气体收集装置 |
-
2022
- 2022-06-29 FR FR2206562A patent/FR3137302A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-06-22 CN CN202380049974.6A patent/CN119365245A/zh active Pending
- 2023-06-22 MA MA71313A patent/MA71313A/fr unknown
- 2023-06-22 WO PCT/EP2023/066901 patent/WO2024002842A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-22 EP EP23731716.9A patent/EP4547359A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002053248A1 (fr) * | 2001-01-05 | 2002-07-11 | Yves Lecoffre | Procede et dispositif pour constituer par evaporation une substance volatile |
| EP2644039A1 (fr) | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-02 | Helmut Rausche | Procédé d'obtention d'arômes à partir de matérial biologique |
| CN103245536A (zh) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-14 | 杨铁钊 | 植物叶片中挥发氨的收集装置及其检测方法 |
| WO2016161420A1 (fr) * | 2015-04-03 | 2016-10-06 | Natural Extraction Systems, LLC | Procédé et appareil améliorés d'extraction d'huiles botaniques |
| CN204694513U (zh) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-10-07 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | 植物挥发性物质抽提装置 |
| CN108801714A (zh) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-13 | 林佳平 | 一种用于固相微萃取的植物挥发性气体收集装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN119365245A (zh) | 2025-01-24 |
| FR3137302A1 (fr) | 2024-01-05 |
| MA71313A (fr) | 2025-04-30 |
| EP4547359A1 (fr) | 2025-05-07 |
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