WO2024095310A1 - ナビゲーションシステム、治具及びプログラム - Google Patents
ナビゲーションシステム、治具及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024095310A1 WO2024095310A1 PCT/JP2022/040624 JP2022040624W WO2024095310A1 WO 2024095310 A1 WO2024095310 A1 WO 2024095310A1 JP 2022040624 W JP2022040624 W JP 2022040624W WO 2024095310 A1 WO2024095310 A1 WO 2024095310A1
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- bone
- orientation
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- jig
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/25—User interfaces for surgical systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
- A61B2034/101—Computer-aided simulation of surgical operations
- A61B2034/105—Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
- A61B2034/107—Visualisation of planned trajectories or target regions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
- A61B2034/2051—Electromagnetic tracking systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
- A61B2034/2055—Optical tracking systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
- A61B2090/3954—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers magnetic, e.g. NMR or MRI
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C11/00—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a navigation system, a jig, and a program.
- a model of the patient's skull and maxilla are moved and rotated on the display screen of a planning device (information processing device), and the target position of the maxilla relative to the actual position of the skull is considered by the planner (doctor) with the aim of achieving a good occlusion and an aesthetic facial appearance for the patient.
- One method for reflecting the results of preoperative planning's target relative positions in actual surgery is navigation surgery.
- optical navigation surgery the position of the surgical instrument is detected in real time by distance measurement using infrared light reflected from a reflector attached to the surgical instrument.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a surgical system that performs optical or magnetic navigation in craniomaxillofacial surgery.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an optical maxillary alignment system that uses a mouthpiece-type target and a camera.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a position detection reference module having a complex shape as a detection reference module used in a magnetic navigation system. There is a problem in that a position detection reference module having such a complex shape gets in the way during surgery. In addition, a position detection reference module having a shape exposed to the outside detects a position away from the actual position of the bone as the position of the bone. For this reason, even if the bone is accurately moved to the position guided by the navigation system, that position is not the exact target position, and so there is a problem in that the surgeon cannot align the position of the bone to the exact target position.
- the position detection reference module that detects the position of the bone fragment being moved is attached to a cutting guide for separating the jawbone from the skull.
- a cutting guide for separating the jawbone from the skull.
- the maxilla is aligned using a mouthpiece-type dental splint (mouthpiece).
- a mouthpiece-type dental splint mouthpiece
- the maxilla and mandible are integrated.
- the shape of the target having four light sources for alignment is exposed to the outside from the dental splint, similar to the position detection reference module in Patent Document 1, so that distance measurement can be performed using a camera. For this reason, not only does the target get in the way of the surgery, but since the target is far from the position of the teeth, accurate alignment of the bones may not be possible.
- the position of the target as the alignment origin may shift, making it difficult to accurately align the bones.
- Non-Patent Document 1 In contrast, in the magnetic navigation surgery described in Non-Patent Document 1, the position of a surgical instrument or bone is detected based on the output of a small magnetic sensor attached to the surgical instrument or bone. Therefore, no optical obstruction occurs in magnetic navigation surgery. For these reasons, the application of magnetic navigation surgery using a small magnetic sensor to the field of oral surgery has been considered.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Even if the magnetic navigation surgery described in Non-Patent Document 1 is applied to jaw correction surgery, depending on the attachment position of the magnetic sensor attached to the bone, as in Patent Document 1, there is no mark on the bone, so the position of the maxilla and the position of the skull may be misaligned. As such, there is a problem in that it is difficult to assist the surgeon in accurately moving and rotating the bones to achieve the target relative position and target relative posture predetermined by preoperative planning.
- the present invention aims to provide a navigation system, tool, and program that can assist the surgeon in accurately moving and rotating bones so that the relative positions and orientations of the bones become target relative positions and target relative orientations.
- One aspect of the present invention is an acquisition unit that acquires information on the position and orientation of a first sensor detected based on a signal from a first sensor inserted into a mounting portion of a first jig in a predetermined first orientation with respect to a first jig having a surface shaped in accordance with the surface of a first bone, and information on a target mounting position and target mounting orientation of the first sensor relative to the position and orientation of the second sensor detected based on a signal from a second sensor inserted into a mounting portion of a second jig in a predetermined second orientation with respect to a second jig having a surface shaped in accordance with the surface of a second bone, and
- the navigation system includes a derivation unit that derives a first relative position and a first relative orientation of the first sensor with respect to the target mounting position and the target mounting orientation based on the mounting orientation and the position and orientation of the first sensor, an information generation unit that generates an image of a three-dimensional coordinate axis representing the
- One aspect of the present invention includes an acquisition unit that acquires information on the position and orientation of a first bone detected based on a signal from a first sensor inserted into a mounting portion of a first jig in a predetermined first orientation relative to a first jig having a surface shaped in accordance with the surface of a first bone, and information on the position and orientation of a second bone detected based on a signal from a second sensor inserted into a mounting portion of a second jig in a predetermined second orientation relative to a second jig having a surface shaped in accordance with the surface of a second bone, and an acquisition unit that acquires information on the position and orientation of the second bone detected based on a signal from a second sensor inserted into a mounting portion of a second jig in a predetermined second orientation relative to the surface of the first bone, and and a relative orientation of the second bone relative to the position and orientation of the first bone based on a predetermined amount of movement relative to an initial value of
- One aspect of the present invention is a jig that has an attachment portion into which a sensor is inserted in a predetermined orientation and a surface shaped to correspond to the surface of the bone to be joined.
- One aspect of the present invention is a method for obtaining information on a position and orientation of a first sensor detected based on a signal from a first sensor inserted into a mounting portion of a first jig in a predetermined first orientation relative to a first jig having a surface shaped in accordance with a surface of a first bone, and information on a target mounting position and target mounting orientation of the first sensor relative to a position and orientation of a second sensor detected based on a signal from a second sensor inserted into a mounting portion of a second jig in a predetermined second orientation relative to a second jig having a surface shaped in accordance with a surface of a second bone, and It is a program for executing the steps of: deriving a first relative position and a first relative orientation of the first sensor with respect to the target mounting position and the target mounting orientation based on the target mounting position and the target mounting orientation and the position and orientation of the first sensor; generating an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes
- One aspect of the present invention includes a computer program that acquires information on the position and orientation of a first bone detected based on a signal from a first sensor inserted into a mounting portion of a first jig having a surface shaped in accordance with the surface of a first bone in a predetermined first orientation with respect to the first jig, and information on the position and orientation of a second bone detected based on a signal from a second sensor inserted into a mounting portion of a second jig having a surface shaped in accordance with the surface of a second bone in a predetermined second orientation with respect to a second jig, and calculates information on the position and orientation of the second bone relative to the position of the first bone based on the information on the position and orientation of the first bone and the information on the position and orientation of the second bone.
- the present invention can assist the surgeon in accurately moving and rotating bones so that the relative positions and orientations of the bones become the target relative positions and orientations.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a navigation system in a first embodiment
- 3A to 3C are diagrams showing a skull model and a maxilla model in the first embodiment.
- 10A to 10C are diagrams illustrating examples of the positions and postures of a maxillary model before and after movement in the first embodiment.
- 5A to 5C are diagrams illustrating an example of how movement parameters and rotation parameters (rotation matrix) are determined in the first embodiment.
- 5A to 5C are diagrams illustrating examples of designating mounting positions of magnetic sensors in the first embodiment.
- 3A to 3C are diagrams showing examples of jigs to be joined to the skull in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1A to 1C are diagrams showing examples of jigs to be attached to the dentition of the maxilla in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a navigation image indicating an attachment position in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a navigation image indicating an attachment position in the first embodiment.
- 5A to 5C are diagrams illustrating an example of how a magnetic sensor is attached in the first embodiment.
- 4A to 4C are diagrams showing examples of navigation images indicating bone positions and the like in the first embodiment.
- 4A to 4C are diagrams showing examples of navigation images indicating bone positions and the like in the first embodiment.
- 4 is a flowchart showing a first operation example of the navigation device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a second operation example of the navigation device in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a first example of designating the mounting positions of each magnetic sensor in the second embodiment.
- 13A to 13C are diagrams showing an example of cutting a bone in the second embodiment.
- 13A to 13C are diagrams illustrating examples of attachment positions of magnetic sensors after a bone is cut in the second embodiment.
- First Embodiment 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a navigation system 1 (surgery support system) in the first embodiment.
- the navigation system 1 is a system that navigates the relative position and relative orientation of a sensor with respect to a target attachment position and target attachment orientation that are predetermined on a patient's bone. This allows an operator (doctor) to accurately attach a sensor (jig) to a patient's bone so that the orientation of the sensor at the target attachment position that is predetermined on the patient's bone becomes the target attachment orientation.
- the target attachment position and target attachment orientation are predetermined by a planner (doctor) in preoperative planning (three-dimensional simulation performed before surgery).
- the sensor attached to the patient's bone may be a light source or reflector used in optical navigation surgery, or a magnetic sensor used in magnetic navigation surgery. Magnetic sensors are more preferable because they do not cause optical obstruction. In the following, as an example, a magnetic sensor is attached to the patient's bone by the surgeon.
- the navigation system 1 is a system that navigates the relative position and orientation of the patient's bones with respect to a predetermined target relative position and target relative orientation. This allows the surgeon to set the relative position and relative orientation of the second bone with respect to the position and orientation of the first bone to the predetermined target relative position and target relative orientation.
- the target relative position and target relative orientation are predetermined by the planner in preoperative planning.
- the navigation system 1 includes a planning device 2, a storage device 3, a communication line 4, a detection device 5, and a navigation device 6.
- the jig 210 (first jig) and the magnetic sensor 301-1 (first sensor) are associated with the patient's bone 101 (first bone).
- the jig 220 (second jig) and the magnetic sensor 301-2 (second sensor) are associated with the patient's bone 102 (first bone).
- the jig 220 is preferably a mouthpiece (dental splint).
- the magnetic sensor 301-2 is attached to the bone 102 using the jig 220.
- the joint surface of the jig 220 is manufactured to fit the shape of the dentition, so the surgeon can accurately install the magnetic sensor 301-2 at the target installation position set on the bone.
- the position of the jig 220 that can accurately install the sensor at the target installation position set on the bone is set as the origin, and a target relative position and a target relative orientation are set with respect to the origin, so that the surgeon can align the position of the bone to the accurate position.
- the jig 220 does not have to be a mouthpiece as long as the magnetic sensor 301-2 can be accurately installed at the target installation position set on the bone.
- the planning device 2 only needs to be included in the navigation system 1 during preoperative planning, but does not need to be included in the navigation system 1 during surgery.
- the planning device 2 (preoperative planning device) comprises a movement processing unit 21, a rotation processing unit 22, a display unit 23, and a conversion unit 24.
- the movement processing unit 21 and the rotation processing unit 22 may be integrated (movement and rotation processing unit).
- the detection device 5 comprises a magnetic field generation unit 51, an acquisition unit 52, a detection unit 53, and a communication unit 54.
- the navigation device 6 comprises a communication unit 61, a memory unit 62, an acquisition unit 63, a derivation unit 64, an information generation unit 65, and a display unit 66.
- Some or all of the functional parts of the planning device 2 and the navigation device 6 are realized as software by a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) executing a program stored in a storage unit having a non-volatile recording medium (non-transient recording medium). Also, some of the functional parts of the detection device 5 are realized as software by a processor executing a program stored in a storage unit having a non-volatile recording medium (non-transient recording medium).
- a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) executing a program stored in a storage unit having a non-volatile recording medium (non-transient recording medium).
- the program may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium.
- computer-readable recording media include portable media such as flexible disks, optical magnetic disks, ROMs (Read Only Memory), and CD-ROMs (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), as well as non-transitory recording media such as hard disks built into computer systems and storage devices such as solid state drives.
- Some or all of the functional parts of the planning device 2 and the navigation device 6 may be realized using hardware including electronic circuits (electronic circuits or circuitry) using, for example, an LSI (Large Scale Integrated circuit), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
- some of the functional parts of the detection device 5 may be realized using hardware including electronic circuits (electronic circuits or circuitry) using, for example, an LSI, an ASIC, a PLD, or an FPGA.
- Bone 101 and bone 102 are each a patient's bone.
- bone 101 (first bone) is, as an example, the patient's skull (facial bone).
- bone 102 (second bone) is, as an example, the maxilla (Le Fort I bone fragment) separated from bone 101.
- preoperative planning is performed by a planner (not shown) using the planning device 2.
- a skull model (a three-dimensional model of the bones 101) is created in the memory of the planning device 2 based on data acquired by performing a computed tomography (CT) scan or the like on the patient.
- CT computed tomography
- an image of the skull model is displayed on the screen of the display unit 23.
- the maxilla model three-dimensional model of bone 102
- images of the separated maxilla model and skull model are displayed on the screen of the display unit 23.
- the planner e.g., mouse operations
- the relative position (amount of movement) and relative orientation (amount of rotation) of the maxilla model with respect to the skull model are considered for the purpose of achieving a good occlusion and an aesthetic facial appearance for the patient.
- the movement processing unit 21 moves the maxilla model on the screen in response to the operation by the planner.
- the planner determines the amount of movement (X-axis component amount, Y-axis component amount, Z-axis component amount) of the maxilla model relative to the initial value of its position by checking the amount of movement of the maxilla model on the screen. This allows the planner to determine the amount of movement of the actual bone 102 relative to the initial value of its position.
- the movement processing unit 21 records information on the amount of movement determined by the planner in the storage device 3.
- the rotation processing unit 22 may rotate the three-dimensional model of the maxilla model on the screen in response to an operation by the planner.
- the planner determines the amount of rotation relative to the initial value of the position of the maxilla model by checking the amount of rotation (roll axis component amount, pitch axis component amount, yaw axis component amount) of the maxilla model on the screen. This allows the planner to determine the amount of rotation relative to the initial value of the position of the actual bone 102.
- the rotation processing unit 22 records information on the amount of rotation determined by the planner in the storage device 3.
- the planner specifies a target attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210) on the bone 101 to the conversion unit 24.
- the target attachment position is, for example, a position determined on the piriform mouth side edge of the skull.
- the planner specifies the target attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 on the screen of the display unit 23 while the maxilla model is not detached from the skull model on that screen.
- the planner may specify the target attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 on the screen of the display unit 23 while the maxilla model is detached from the skull model on that screen.
- the planner joins a model of the jig 220 (mouthpiece) to the dentition of the maxilla model that has been moved and rotated to a target relative position and target relative posture with respect to the skull model on the screen of the display unit 23.
- the planner specifies the target attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210) on the skull model on the screen, for example, by operating a mouse. This allows the planner to input the target attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 on the actual bone 101 to the conversion unit 24.
- the target attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 is expressed with a predetermined position of the jig 220 joined to the dentition of the maxilla model as the origin.
- the conversion unit 24 converts the first position (first two-dimensional position information) specified on the surface of the skull model by the planner using the screen (two-dimensional) of the display unit 23 into three-dimensional position information.
- This three-dimensional position information corresponds to the target attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210) on the actual bone 101.
- the conversion unit 24 records the three-dimensional position information of the target attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 in the storage device 3.
- the conversion unit 24 may also convert a second position (second two-dimensional position information) specified on the surface of the maxillary bone model by the planner using the screen (two-dimensional) of the display unit 23 into three-dimensional position information.
- This three-dimensional position information corresponds to the target attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301-2 (jig 220) on the actual bone 102.
- the conversion unit 24 records the three-dimensional position information of the target attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301-2 in the storage device 3.
- the jigs 210 and 220 are manufactured, for example, by a three-dimensional printer (3D printer) before surgery.
- the conversion unit 24 may determine the orientation of the cylindrical attachment part of the jig 210 (target attachment position) according to the orientation of the jig 210 attached to the target attachment position in the skull model.
- the storage device 3 pre-stores shape information of the three-dimensional model of the skull model and shape information of the three-dimensional model of the maxilla model.
- the data format of the three-dimensional model of the skull model and the maxilla model is, for example, DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine).
- the data format of the three-dimensional model of the dentition is, for example, STL (Stereolithography).
- the storage device 3 stores information on the amount of movement (movement parameters) and information on the amount of rotation (rotation parameters) in response to a control signal transmitted from the planning device 2.
- the detection device 5 generates a magnetic field region in a predetermined range of real space including the patient's head and each magnetic sensor 301.
- the detection device 5 detects (tracks) the position and orientation of each magnetic sensor 301 in real time based on the output (signal) of each magnetic sensor 301 in the generated magnetic field region.
- the surgeon attaches magnetic sensor 301-1 to the mounting portion of jig 210.
- the surgeon also attaches magnetic sensor 301-2 to the mounting portion of jig 220.
- the navigation device 6 presents (guides) the surgeon in real time with predetermined first information for navigating the position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 so that the surgeon moves and rotates the jig 210 and the magnetic sensor 301-1, with the position of the magnetic sensor 301-2 inserted in the jig 220 as the origin, until the position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 match the target attachment position and target attachment orientation of the magnetic sensor 301 that are predetermined on the patient's bone 101.
- the position of the attachment portion 221 provided on the jig 220 which can accurately attach the magnetic sensor 301-2 to a predetermined position (origin) on the mandible, is set as the origin. This makes it possible to present (guide) the surgeon to the exact attachment position of the jig 210 on the lateral edge of the piriform mouth.
- the predetermined first information includes, for example, at least one of an image of a three-dimensional model (skull model) of bone 101 whose shape has been measured in advance, an image of a three-dimensional model (maxilla model) of bone 102 whose shape has been measured in advance, an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes representing the relative positions and relative orientations of each magnetic sensor 301 (each jig), and an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes representing the target mounting positions and target mounting orientations. Details of the first information will be described later with reference to Figures 8 and 9.
- the navigation system 1 assists the surgeon in accurately attaching the jig 210 (magnetic sensor 301-1) so that the relative attitude of the magnetic sensor 301-1 becomes the target attachment attitude at the predetermined target attachment position on the bone 101.
- the jig 210 is a jig for fixing the magnetic sensor 301-1 to the bone 101.
- the jig 210 is temporarily fixed to the bone 101 by the surgeon.
- the jig 220 is a jig for fixing the magnetic sensor 301-2 to the bone 102.
- the jig 220 is temporarily fixed to the dentition of the bone 102 by the surgeon.
- the magnetic sensor 301-1 is placed near the bone 101 using the jig 210. Near the bone means, for example, within a range of about 0.1 mm to about 10 mm from the bone. In an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic sensor 301-1 is inserted into a hole in the mounting portion 211 provided in the jig 210. Since the magnetic sensor 301-1 is placed near the bone 101, accurate alignment of the bone 101 is possible.
- the magnetic sensor 301 is a sensor that detects magnetism.
- the magnetic sensor 301 detects magnetism at the position of the sensor within the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating unit 51 at a predetermined period (e.g., 40 Hz) using a magnetic detection device such as a coil.
- the magnetic sensor 301 outputs an electric signal corresponding to the detected magnetism to the acquiring unit 52.
- the magnetic sensor 301-1 is temporarily attached to the surface of the bone 101 (skull) at a predetermined target attachment position using the jig 210. That is, the magnetic sensor 301-1 is temporarily attached to the surface of the bone 101 at a predetermined target attachment position by being inserted into the attachment portion of the jig 210 that is temporarily fixed to the bone 101. Therefore, the position and orientation detected based on the output (signal) of the magnetic sensor 301-1 attached to the bone 101 represent the position and orientation of the bone 101.
- the magnetic sensor 301-2 is temporarily attached to a predetermined target attachment position on the surface of the bone 102 using a jig 220 joined to the dentition of the bone 102.
- the magnetic sensor 301-2 is inserted into the hole of the attachment portion 221 provided in the jig 220, so that the magnetic sensor 301-2 is attached near the bone 102 using the jig 220.
- the magnetic sensor 301-2 is temporarily attached to a predetermined target attachment position on the surface of the bone 102 by inserting it into the attachment portion of the jig 220 temporarily fixed to the dentition of the bone 102. Therefore, the position and orientation detected based on the output of the magnetic sensor 301-2 attached to the bone 102 represent the position and orientation of the bone 102.
- the magnetic field generating unit 51 generates a magnetic field region in a predetermined range of real space including the bones 101 and 102 and each magnetic sensor 301 (for example, a range of real space including the patient's head).
- the acquiring unit 52 acquires the output of the magnetic sensor 301 (electrical signal corresponding to magnetism).
- the detecting unit 53 detects the position and attitude of the magnetic sensor 301 at a predetermined cycle (for example, 40 Hz) based on the output of the magnetic sensor 301.
- the detected position has three degrees of freedom (X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis).
- the detected attitude (tilt) has three degrees of freedom (roll axis, pitch axis, yaw axis).
- the communicating unit 54 transmits information on the position and attitude of the magnetic sensor 301 (six degrees of freedom in total) to the communicating unit 61 at a predetermined cycle (for example, 40 Hz).
- the communication unit 61 acquires shape information of the 3D model of the bone 101 and shape information of the 3D model of the bone 102 from the storage device 3.
- the communication unit 61 acquires target mounting position information of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210) from the storage device 3.
- the communication unit 61 may acquire target mounting orientation information of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210) from the storage device 3.
- the communication unit 61 acquires position and orientation information of each magnetic sensor 301 from the communication unit 54 at a predetermined cycle.
- the storage unit 62 stores information on the target mounting position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210).
- the storage unit 62 stores information on the target mounting orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210).
- the storage unit 62 (buffer memory) temporarily stores time series information on the position and orientation of each magnetic sensor 301.
- the storage unit 62 temporarily stores time series information on the position and orientation of the bone 101 and time series information on the position and orientation of the bone 102.
- the storage unit 62 may store in advance computer programs executed by the derivation unit 64 and the information generation unit 65.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires shape information of the bone 101 and shape information of the bone 102 from the storage device 3.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires information on the target mounting position and target mounting orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 from the communication unit 61 or the storage unit 62.
- Information on the position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210) and information on the position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-2 (jig 220) are acquired from the communication unit 61 or the storage unit 62 at a predetermined cycle.
- the derivation unit 64 derives in real time the target attachment position and target attachment orientation that are predetermined on the surface of the bone 101 (skull) based on the target attachment position and target attachment orientation information specified by the planner, with the position of the magnetic sensor 301-2 attached to the jig 220 joined to the dentition as the origin.
- the derivation unit 64 derives in real time the relative position and relative orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210) with respect to the target attachment position and target attachment orientation based on the acquired position and orientation information of the magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the information generating unit 65 generates navigation images at a predetermined frame rate (e.g., 40 fps) using a predetermined image processing engine (a three-dimensional computer graphics drawing engine).
- the navigation images include, for example, an image representing the external appearance (shape) of the bone generated in the preoperative planning, predetermined text information, and an image of a three-dimensional coordinate axis.
- the information generation unit 65 generates an image (image of the skull model) showing the appearance of the bone 101 according to the position and orientation of the bone 101, and an image (image of the maxilla model) showing the appearance of the bone 102 according to the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102.
- the information generating unit 65 When each magnetic sensor 301 (each jig) is attached to each bone during surgery, the information generating unit 65 generates an image of a three-dimensional coordinate axis that represents the current position and orientation of each magnetic sensor 301 (each jig). The information generating unit 65 also generates an image of a three-dimensional coordinate axis that represents the target attachment position and target attachment orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the display unit 66 displays the navigation image generated by the information generation unit 65 at a predetermined frame rate (e.g., 40 fps). For example, the display unit 66 displays an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes representing the current position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210) and an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes representing the target mounting position and target mounting orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210).
- a predetermined frame rate e.g. 40 fps
- the surgeon joins the jig 220 with the magnetic sensor 301-2 inserted to the dentition of the patient's bone 102.
- the surgeon also accurately attaches the jig 210 with the magnetic sensor 301-1 inserted to the patient's bone 101 at a predetermined target attachment position using a screw (metal screw) or the like while checking the navigation image.
- the surgeon accurately attaches the magnetic sensor 301-1 to the bone 101 while checking the navigation image so that the relative orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 to the orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-2 becomes the target attachment orientation.
- the surgeon separates the bone 102 (maxilla) from the bone 101 (skull).
- the surgeon may temporarily remove the jig from the bone, and then separate the bone 102 (maxilla) from the bone 101 (skull).
- the detection device 5 generates a magnetic field region in a predetermined range of real space that includes the patient's head and each magnetic sensor 301.
- the detection device 5 detects (tracks) the position and orientation of each magnetic sensor 301 in real time based on the output (signal) of each magnetic sensor 301 in the generated magnetic field region.
- the navigation device 6 presents (guides) the surgeon in real time with predetermined second information for navigating the movement and rotation of the bone 102 so that the surgeon moves and rotates the bone 102 until the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 with respect to the position and orientation of the bone 101 coincide with the target relative position and target relative orientation.
- the predetermined second information includes, for example, at least one of an image of a three-dimensional model (skull model) of bone 101 whose shape has been measured in advance, an image of a three-dimensional model (maxilla model) of bone 102 whose shape has been measured in advance, an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes representing the position and orientation of bone 101, an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes representing the relative position and orientation of bone 102 with respect to the position and orientation of bone 101, and an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes representing the target relative position and target relative orientation of bone 102. Details of the second information will be described later with reference to Figures 11 and 12.
- the navigation system 1 assists the surgeon in accurately moving and rotating (tilting) the bone 102 so that the position and orientation of the bone 102 become the target relative position and target relative orientation.
- the communication unit 61 acquires shape information of a three-dimensional model (skull model) of the bone 101 and shape information of a three-dimensional model (maxilla model) of the bone 102 from the storage device 3.
- the communication unit 61 acquires information on a predetermined amount of movement and information on a predetermined amount of rotation from the storage device 3.
- the communication unit 61 acquires information on the position and posture of the bone 101 and information on the position and posture of the bone 102 from the communication unit 54 at a predetermined period.
- the storage unit 62 stores information on a predetermined amount of movement and information on a predetermined amount of rotation.
- the storage unit 62 (buffer memory) temporarily stores time series information on the position and posture of the bone 101 and time series information on the position and posture of the bone 102.
- the storage unit 62 may store in advance computer programs executed by the derivation unit 64 and the information generation unit 65.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires shape information of the three-dimensional model of bone 101 (skull model) and shape information of the three-dimensional model of bone 102 (maxilla model) from the storage device 3.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires information on a predetermined amount of movement and information on a predetermined amount of rotation from the communication unit 61 or the storage unit 62.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires information on the position and orientation of magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210) and information on the position and orientation of magnetic sensor 301-2 (jig 220) from the communication unit 61 or the storage unit 62 at a predetermined cycle.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires position and orientation information of the magnetic sensor 301-1 from the communication unit 61 or the storage unit 62 at a predetermined cycle as position and orientation information of the bone 101.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires position and orientation information of the magnetic sensor 301-2 from the communication unit 61 or the storage unit 62 at a predetermined cycle as position and orientation information of the bone 102.
- the derivation unit 64 derives in real time the relative position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-2 with respect to the position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1, based on the position and orientation information of the magnetic sensor 301-1 and the position and orientation information of the magnetic sensor 301-2. In other words, the derivation unit 64 derives in real time the relative position and orientation of the bone 102 with respect to the position and orientation of the bone 101, based on the position and orientation information of the bone 101 and the position and orientation information of the bone 102.
- the derivation unit 64 derives in real time a target relative position and orientation of the bone 102 with respect to the position and orientation of the bone 101 based on the relative position and orientation of the bone 102 and the amount of movement and rotation that are predetermined for the initial values of the relative position and orientation of the bone 102 in preoperative planning.
- the position and orientation obtained by moving and rotating the relative position and orientation of the bone 102 by the predetermined amount of movement and rotation are the target relative position and orientation of the bone 102.
- the information generating unit 65 uses a predetermined image processing engine to generate a navigation image at a predetermined frame rate.
- the navigation image includes, for example, an image showing the external appearance (shape) of the bone generated in the preoperative planning, predetermined text information, and an image of a three-dimensional coordinate axis.
- the information generating unit 65 generates an image (image of the skull model) showing the appearance of the bone 101 according to the position and posture of the bone 101, and an image (image of the maxilla model) showing the appearance of the bone 102 according to the relative position and relative posture of the bone 102.
- an image image of the skull model
- an image image of the maxilla model
- the information generating unit 65 generates an image (image of the sideways skull model) showing the appearance of the bone 101.
- the information generating unit 65 moves the image showing the appearance of the bone 102 on the screen in accordance with the movement of the bone 102.
- the information generating unit 65 generates, for example, an image of a three-dimensional coordinate axis representing the target relative position and target relative orientation of the bone 102 based on the target relative position and target relative orientation of the bone 102 with respect to the position and orientation of the bone 101. For example, when the bone 101 to which the magnetic sensor 301-1 is attached is oriented sideways, the target relative position and target relative orientation of the bone 102 are also oriented sideways, so the information generating unit 65 generates an image of a three-dimensional coordinate axis representing the target relative position and target relative orientation of the bone 102 in a sideways orientation.
- the information generating unit 65 generates, for example, an image of a three-dimensional coordinate axis representing the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 based on the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 with respect to the position and orientation of the bone 101.
- the information generating unit 65 may also generate an image of a line connecting the relative position of the bone 102 and a target relative position. For example, when the bone 102 to which the magnetic sensor 301-2 is attached moves, the information generating unit 65 moves the image of the three-dimensional coordinate axis representing the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 on the screen in accordance with the movement of the bone 102.
- the display unit 66 displays the navigation image generated by the information generation unit 65 at a predetermined frame rate (e.g., 40 fps).
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a skull model 111 and a maxilla model 112 in the first embodiment.
- the skull model 111 corresponds to the bone 101 in the real space.
- the maxilla model 112 corresponds to the bone 102 in the real space.
- DICOM data Information about the shape of the skull model 111 and the maxilla model 112 is obtained, for example, as a result of a CT scan performed on the patient's head before surgery.
- data (STL data) obtained as a result of an optical digital scan performed on the patient's dentition before surgery may be used as dentition data for the maxilla model 112.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the position and posture of the maxilla model 112 before and after movement in the first embodiment.
- the movement processing unit 21 moves the maxilla model 112 on the screen from the initial position value of the maxilla model 112 in response to mouse operations by the planner (doctor).
- the rotation processing unit 22 rotates the maxilla model 112 on the screen from the initial posture value of the maxilla model 112 in response to mouse operations by the planner.
- the diagram on the left side shown in FIG. 3 shows the position (initial value) and posture (initial value) of the skull model 111 before movement and rotation.
- the diagram on the right side shown in FIG. 3 shows the position and posture of the skull model 111 after movement and rotation.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of determining movement parameters and rotation parameters (rotation matrix) in the first embodiment.
- the planner determines the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 after surgery by moving and rotating the maxilla model 112 on the screen from the initial values of the position and orientation of the maxilla model 112.
- At least one of the movement processing unit 21 and the rotation processing unit 22 determines at least one of the movement amount and the rotation amount using a predetermined alignment algorithm.
- the predetermined alignment algorithm is, for example, the ICP (Iterative Closest Point) algorithm.
- the movement processing unit 21 records information on the determined movement amount (movement parameters) in the storage device 3.
- the rotation processing unit 22 records information on the determined rotation amount (rotation parameters) in the storage device 3.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of designating the attachment position (target attachment position) of the magnetic sensor 301 in the first embodiment.
- the left side of Fig. 5 shows the attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301 in a state before the maxilla model 112 is separated from the skull model 111 on the screen.
- the right side of Fig. 5 shows the attachment position of the magnetic sensor 301 in a state after the maxilla model 112 is separated from the skull model 111 on the screen and rejoined to the skull model 111.
- the jig 220 illustrated in FIG. 1 is sandwiched between the dentition of the maxilla model 112 and the dentition of the mandible model 113, and is joined to both of them.
- Mounting position 10 represents the mounting position of the magnetic sensor 301-2 (jig 220) that is attached to the actual bone 102.
- Mounting position 11 represents the target mounting position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 that is attached to the actual bone 101.
- Mounting position 11 is expressed with mounting position 10 as the origin.
- the planner specifies attachment position 10 as the attachment position (origin) of magnetic sensor 301-2 to bone 102, for example by using a mouse to place a mark on the surface of the dentition of maxilla model 112.
- the attachment position (origin) of magnetic sensor 301-2 is the position of the attachment part of magnetic sensor 301-2 on jig 220.
- the planner also specifies attachment position 11 as the attachment position (target attachment position) of magnetic sensor 301-1 to bone 101, for example by placing a mark on the surface of skull model 111 (the piriform edge of the skull).
- the planner specifies attachment positions 10 and 11 on the screen, for example, in a state in which the maxilla model 112 is not separated from the skull model 111.
- the planner may specify the attachment position 10 and the attachment position 11 on the screen, for example, in a state where the maxilla model 112 is separated from the skull model 111 and reattached to the skull model 111.
- the conversion unit 24 may correct the attachment position 11 in a state where the maxilla model 112 is reattached to the skull model 111 (right side in FIG. 5) to the attachment position 11 in a state where the maxilla model 112 is not separated from the skull model 111 (left side in FIG. 5).
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a jig to be joined to the skull (bone 101) in the first embodiment.
- the jig 210 is created using a CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) technique. That is, design data for the shape of the jig 210 is designed based on DICOM data of the skull model 111.
- the jig 210 is manufactured, for example, by a three-dimensional printer (3D printer) based on the design data for the shape of the jig 210 (for example, STL data).
- 3D printer three-dimensional printer
- the jig 210 is made of a non-magnetic material, such as resin.
- the jig 210 has one or more mounting parts 211 for mounting the magnetic sensor 301-1, and a joining surface shaped according to the surface shape of the bone 101 (the pear-shaped edge of the skull) to be joined.
- the shape of the mounting portion 211 is, for example, cylindrical.
- the tip of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (magnetic detection device) can be inserted into the mounting portion 211.
- the magnetic sensor 301-1 By inserting the magnetic sensor 301-1 into the mounting portion 211, the magnetic sensor 301-1 is placed near the bone 101, so that the position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 accurately represents the position of the bone 101. This makes it possible to align the relative position of the bone 102 with a target relative position with high accuracy.
- each mounting part is designed based on the target mounting posture of the jig 210 so that when the jig 210 with the magnetic sensor 301-1 inserted is attached to the bone 101, the orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 inserted into the mounting part 211 (a first orientation predetermined with respect to the jig 210) and the orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-2 inserted into the mounting part 221 of the jig 220 (a second orientation predetermined with respect to the jig 220) are the same.
- the shape of the joint surface of the jig 210 is designed to match the surface shape of the bone 101 at the target mounting position of the jig 210.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a jig 220 (mouthpiece) (dental splint) to be attached to the dentition of the maxilla (bone 102) in the first embodiment.
- the jig 220 is a CAD/CAM splint (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing splint) formed to have a joining surface shaped according to the surface shape of the dentition so that the jig 220 can be accurately attached to the corrected dentition.
- CAD/CAM splint computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing splint
- the design data for the shape of the jig 220 is designed based on the STL data of the maxilla model 112.
- the jig 220 is manufactured, for example, by a three-dimensional printer based on the design data for the shape of the jig 220.
- the jig 220 is attached to the patient's dentition and is therefore accurately fixed to the patient's maxilla (bone 102).
- the jig 220 is made of a non-magnetic material, such as resin.
- the jig 220 has one or more attachment parts 221 for attaching the magnetic sensor 301-2, and a joint surface 222 shaped according to the surface shape of the bone 102 (the tooth row in the maxilla).
- the shape of the attachment part 221 is, for example, cylindrical.
- the tip of the magnetic sensor 301-2 can be inserted into the attachment part 221. By inserting the magnetic sensor 301-2 into the attachment part 221, the magnetic sensor 301-2 is placed near the bone 102, so that the position of the magnetic sensor 301-2 accurately represents the position of the bone 102.
- the position of attachment part 221-1 is, as an example, a position that passes through or near the midline of the patient when the joint surface 222 is joined to the dentition of the bone 102.
- the magnetic sensor 301-2 may be attached to any of the attachment parts 221-1, 221-2, and 221-3.
- the mouthpiece-type jig 220 is joined to the bone 102 and mandible (not shown), so that the bone 102 and mandible (not shown) become one.
- the position of the patient's mandible follows the position of the bone 102 (maxilla) moved by the surgeon. Because the maxilla and mandible do not shift during movement, navigation is performed more easily.
- Fig. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a navigation image showing an attachment position in the first embodiment.
- the display unit 66 displays a navigation image showing the relative position and relative orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 with respect to the target attachment position and target attachment orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210) in real time at a predetermined frame rate.
- Fig. 8 shows an example of a navigation image at a first time during surgery.
- the navigation image illustrated in FIG. 8 includes an image of a skull model 111, an image of a maxilla model 112, a jig image 213, a jig image 223, a coordinate axis image 14 arranged at the mounting position 10, a coordinate axis image 15 arranged at the mounting position 11, a coordinate axis image 16, a line image 17, and a display area 18.
- Jig image 213 is an image of a three-dimensional model of jig 210.
- Jig image 223 is an image of a three-dimensional model of jig 220.
- Mounting position 10 is the mounting position (origin) of magnetic sensor 301-2.
- Mounting position 11 is the target mounting position of magnetic sensor 301-1 (jig 210).
- the coordinate axis image 14 is represented by three mutually perpendicular line segments (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis).
- the origin of the coordinate axis image 14 represents the position (mounting position 10) of the magnetic sensor 301-2 attached to the jig 220.
- the orientation of the coordinate axis image 14 represents the orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-2 attached to the mounting portion 221 of the jig 220.
- the coordinate axis image 15 is represented by three mutually orthogonal line segments (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis).
- the origin of the coordinate axis image 15 represents the target mounting position (mounting position 11) of the magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the attitude of the coordinate axis image 15 represents the target mounting attitude of the magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the coordinate axis image 16 is represented by three mutually orthogonal line segments (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis).
- the origin of the coordinate axis image 16 represents the relative position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 attached to the jig 210 with respect to the mounting position 11 (target mounting position).
- the attitude of the coordinate axis image 16 represents the attitude of the magnetic sensor 301-1 attached to the mounting portion 211 of the jig 210.
- Line image 17 is a line that connects the target mounting position and the relative position of magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the length of line image 17 represents the difference (distance) between the target mounting position and the relative position of magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the color of the X-axis of coordinate axis image 14, the color of the X-axis of coordinate axis image 15, and the color of the X-axis of coordinate axis image 16 are the same (e.g., red).
- the color of the Y-axis of coordinate axis image 14, the color of the Y-axis of coordinate axis image 15, and the color of the Y-axis of coordinate axis image 16 are the same (e.g., blue).
- the color of the Z-axis of coordinate axis image 14, the color of the Z-axis of coordinate axis image 15, and the color of the Z-axis of coordinate axis image 16 are the same (e.g., green).
- the color of line image 17 connecting the origin of coordinate axis image 15 (target mounting position) and the origin of coordinate axis image 16 (relative position of magnetic sensor 301-1 at the current time) is purple, as an example.
- Display area 18 is an area where at least one of numerical information and text information is displayed.
- the numerical information displayed in display area 18 indicates the difference between the target mounting position and the relative position of magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the text information displayed in display area 18 indicates the direction of movement that reduces the difference between the target mounting position and the relative position of magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the surgeon attaches magnetic sensor 301-1 to mounting portion 211 of jig 210.
- the surgeon also attaches magnetic sensor 301-2 to mounting portion 221-1 of jig 220.
- the surgeon joins jig 220 to bone 102. While checking the navigation image displayed in real time on display unit 66, the surgeon moves and rotates the actual jig 210 so that coordinate axis image 15 and coordinate axis image 16 overlap on the screen of display unit 66.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a navigation image indicating the mounting position in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of a navigation image at a second time, which is later than the first time.
- the operator moves and rotates the jig 210, resulting in the coordinate axis image 15 and the coordinate axis image 16 nearly overlapping.
- the relative position of the jig 210 and the target mounting position nearly coincide.
- the relative attitude of the jig 210 and the target mounting attitude nearly coincide.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of attachment of the magnetic sensor 301 in the first embodiment.
- the jig 210 is temporarily fixed to the bone 101 (the piriform edge of the skull) using a small screw or the like, with the joint surface 212 of the jig 210 being joined to the bone 101.
- the jig 220 is temporarily fixed to the bone 102, with the joint surface 222 of the jig 220 being joined to the dentition of the bone 102.
- the orientation (predetermined orientation) of the attachment portion 211 of the jig 210 when joined to the bone 101 is the same as the orientation (predetermined orientation) of each attachment portion 221 of the jig 220 when joined to the bone 102. This makes it possible to omit calibration of the orientation of each magnetic sensor 301 (initial value of the posture of each bone).
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a navigation image showing the relative positions of bones in the first embodiment.
- the display unit 66 displays the navigation image generated by the information generating unit 65 at a predetermined frame rate (e.g., 40 fps).
- a predetermined frame rate e.g. 40 fps.
- the shape of the bone 101 is represented using an image of a skull model 111.
- the shape of the bone 102 is represented using an image of a maxilla model 112.
- the navigation image illustrated in FIG. 11 includes an image of the skull model 111, an image of the maxilla model 112, a display area 401, a coordinate axis image 402, a coordinate axis image 403, and a line image 404.
- the display area 401 is an area in which at least one of numerical information and text information is displayed.
- the numerical information displayed in the display area 401 represents the difference between the target relative position of the bone 102 and the relative position of the bone 102.
- the text information displayed in the display area 401 represents the movement direction that reduces the difference between the target relative position of the bone 102 and the relative position of the bone 102.
- the coordinate axis image 402 is represented by three mutually perpendicular line segments (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis).
- the origin of the coordinate axis image 402 represents the target relative position of the bone 102.
- the orientation of the coordinate axis image 402 represents the target relative orientation of the bone 102.
- the coordinate axis image 403 is represented by three mutually perpendicular line segments (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis).
- the origin of the coordinate axis image 403 represents the relative position of the bone 102 with respect to the target relative position of the bone 102.
- the orientation of the coordinate axis image 403 represents the relative orientation of the bone 102.
- the numerical information representing the difference is, for example, a numerical value representing the distance in millimeters.
- the text information representing the movement direction is, for example, a character string such as "Left” and "Down". While checking the navigation image, the surgeon may move the bone 102 in the movement direction represented by the text information so that the value of the numerical information becomes smaller.
- the distance (proximity) from the target relative position to the relative position and the text information "Proximity" may be displayed.
- the numerical information representing the difference may be the difference between the attitude of the coordinate axis image 402 and the attitude of the coordinate axis image 403 (the agreement rate for each axis). The agreement between the attitude of the coordinate axis image 402 and the attitude of the coordinate axis image 403 indicates that the target relative attitude of the bone 102 and the relative attitude of the bone 102 are identical.
- the color of the X-axis of the coordinate axis image 402 and the color of the X-axis of the coordinate axis image 403 are the same color (e.g., red).
- the color of the Y-axis of the coordinate axis image 402 and the color of the Y-axis of the coordinate axis image 403 are the same color (e.g., blue).
- the color of the Z-axis of the coordinate axis image 402 and the color of the Z-axis of the coordinate axis image 403 are the same color (e.g., green).
- the color of the line image 404 connecting the origin of the coordinate axis image 402 (target relative position) and the origin of the coordinate axis image 403 (the relative position of the bone 102 at the current time) is purple, as an example.
- the length of the line image 404 represents the difference (distance) between the target relative position and the relative position of the bone 102 (maxilla model 112).
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a navigation image showing the positions of bones and the like in the first embodiment.
- the surgeon moves and rotates the bone 102 so that the coordinate axis image 402 and the coordinate axis image 403 overlap while checking the navigation image displayed in real time on the display unit 66 at a predetermined frame rate.
- the diagram on the left side of FIG. 12 shows the position and orientation of the bone 101 (skull model 111) and the position and orientation of the bone 102 (maxilla model 112) at a third time during surgery.
- the diagram on the right side of FIG. 12 shows the position and orientation of the bone 101 (skull model 111) and the position and orientation of the bone 102 (maxilla model 112) at a fourth time after the third time.
- the bone 102 is moved and rotated by the surgeon, and as a result, the coordinate axis image 402 and the coordinate axis image 403 almost overlap. In such a case, the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 with respect to the position and orientation of the bone 101 are close to the target relative position and target relative orientation predetermined in the preoperative planning.
- the orientation of the attachment portion 211 of the jig 210 attached to the target attachment position of the bone 101 is the same as the orientation of the attachment portion 221 of the jig 220 attached to the bone 102 rejoined to the bone 101.
- the orientation (inclination) of the magnetic sensor 301-2 inserted into the attachment portion 221 and the orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 inserted into the attachment portion 211 are the same. This allows the relative positional relationship between the coordinate axis image 402 and the coordinate axis image 403 to be displayed in an intuitive and easy-to-understand manner, making navigation surgery extremely easy.
- the surgeon can intuitively determine whether the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 accurately match the target relative position and target relative orientation by checking whether the coordinate axis image 402 and the coordinate axis image 403 match in the navigation image.
- the patient can achieve good occlusion and an aesthetic facial appearance.
- the relative position of the first sensor (magnetic sensor 301-1) with respect to the target mounting position of the first sensor is referred to as the "first relative position.”
- the relative orientation of the first sensor (magnetic sensor 301-1) with respect to the target mounting orientation of the first sensor is referred to as the "first relative orientation.”
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a first operation example (operation example when a magnetic sensor is attached to a bone) of the navigation device 6 in the first embodiment.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires information on the target attachment position and target attachment attitude of the magnetic sensor 301-1 relative to the position and attitude of the magnetic sensor 301-2 from the planning device 2 or the storage device 3 (step S101).
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires information on the position and attitude of the magnetic sensor 301-1 detected based on the signal of the magnetic sensor 301-1 from the detection device 5 (step S102).
- the derivation unit 64 derives a first relative position and a first relative orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 based on the target mounting position and target mounting orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 and the position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 (step S103).
- the information generating unit 65 generates an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes (coordinate axis image 15) representing the target mounting position and target mounting orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the information generating unit 65 generates an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes (coordinate axis image 16) representing the first relative position and first relative orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the information generating unit 65 may generate a jig image 213, an image of the skull model 111, and an image of the maxilla model 112 (step S104).
- the display unit 66 displays the coordinate axis image 15 and the coordinate axis image 16.
- the display unit 66 may display the jig image 213, the image of the skull model 111, and the image of the maxilla model 112 (step S105).
- the information generating unit 65 determines whether or not to end the navigation operation. For example, when the surgery is finished, the information generating unit 65 determines to end the navigation operation (step S106). When it is determined to continue the navigation operation (step S106: NO), the information generating unit 65 returns the process to step S102. When it is determined to end the navigation operation (step S106: YES), the information generating unit 65 ends the navigation operation.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires shape information of the bone 101 (first bone) and shape information of the bone 102 (second bone) from the communication unit 61 or the storage unit 62 (step S201).
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires information on a predetermined amount of movement and rotation of the bone 102 from the communication unit 61 or the storage unit 62 (step S202).
- the communication unit 61 and the memory unit 62 acquire information on the position and posture of the bone 101 from the communication unit 54 at a predetermined cycle.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires information on the position and posture of the bone 101 from the communication unit 61 or the memory unit 62 at a predetermined cycle (step S203).
- the communication unit 61 acquires information on the position and posture of the bone 102 from the communication unit 54 at a predetermined cycle.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires information on the position and posture of the bone 102 from the communication unit 61 or the memory unit 62 at a predetermined cycle (step S204).
- the derivation unit 64 derives the relative position and orientation of the bone 102 with respect to the position and orientation of the bone 101 based on the information on the position and orientation of the bone 101 and the information on the position and orientation of the bone 102 (step S205).
- the derivation unit 64 derives the target relative position and target relative orientation of the bone 102 with respect to the position and orientation of the bone 101 based on the predetermined movement and rotation amounts with respect to the initial values of the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 and the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 (step S206).
- the information generating unit 65 generates predetermined information including a coordinate axis image 402 (an image of a three-dimensional coordinate axis) that represents the target relative position and target relative orientation of the bone 102 based on the target relative position and target relative orientation of the bone 102 relative to the position of the bone 101.
- the display unit 66 displays in real time the predetermined information including the image of the skull model 111 that represents the appearance of the bone 101 according to the position and orientation of the bone 101 and the coordinate axis image 402 (step S207).
- the information generating unit 65 generates predetermined information including a coordinate axis image 403 (image of a three-dimensional coordinate axis) representing the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 based on the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 with respect to the position of the bone 101.
- the display unit 66 displays in real time the predetermined information including the coordinate axis image 403 and an image of the maxilla model 112 representing the appearance of the bone 102 according to the relative position and relative orientation of the bone 102 (step S208).
- the information generating unit 65 determines whether or not to end the navigation operation. For example, when the surgery is finished, the information generating unit 65 determines to end the navigation operation (step S209). When it is determined to continue the navigation operation (step S209: NO), the information generating unit 65 returns the process to step S203. When it is determined to end the navigation operation (step S209: YES), the information generating unit 65 ends the navigation operation.
- the detection unit 53 detects the position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 based on a signal from the magnetic sensor 301-1 (first sensor) inserted into the attachment portion 211 in a predetermined first orientation with respect to the jig 210 having the joint surface 212 with a surface shaped according to the surface of the bone 101 (e.g., the skull).
- the detection unit 53 also detects the position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-2 based on a signal from the magnetic sensor 301-2 (second sensor) inserted into the attachment portion 221 in a predetermined second orientation with respect to the jig 220 having the joint surface 222 with a surface shaped according to the surface of the bone 102 (e.g., the maxilla).
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires information on the position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 detected based on the signal from the magnetic sensor 301-1 from the detection device 5.
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires information on the target mounting position and target mounting orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-1 relative to the position and orientation of the magnetic sensor 301-2 from the planning device 2 or the storage device 3.
- the derivation unit 64 derives a first relative position and a first relative attitude based on the target mounting position and target mounting attitude and the position and attitude of the magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the information generation unit 65 generates an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes (coordinate axis image 15) representing the target mounting position and target mounting attitude of the magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the information generation unit 65 generates an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes (coordinate axis image 16) representing the first relative position and first relative attitude of the magnetic sensor 301-1.
- the display unit 66 displays the coordinate axis image 15 and the coordinate axis image 16 as exemplified in Figures 8 and 9.
- the information generating unit 65 may generate numerical information representing the difference between the target attachment position and the first relative position.
- the display unit 66 may display the numerical information as exemplified in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9.
- the information generating unit 65 may generate text information representing a moving direction that reduces the difference between the target attachment position and the first relative position.
- the display unit 66 may display the text information as exemplified in FIG. 8 and FIG.
- the information generating unit 65 may generate an image of a line connecting the target attachment position and the first relative position.
- the display unit 66 may display a line image 17 as exemplified in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9.
- the relative position of the second bone (bone 102) with respect to the position of the first bone (bone 101) is referred to as the "second relative position.”
- the relative orientation of the second bone with respect to the orientation of the first bone is referred to as the "second relative orientation.”
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires from the detection device 5 information on the position and orientation of the bone 101 detected based on a signal from a magnetic sensor 301-1 attached to the bone 101 (e.g., the skull).
- the acquisition unit 63 acquires from the detection device 5 information on the position and orientation of the bone 102 detected based on a signal from a magnetic sensor 301-2 attached to the bone 102 (e.g., the maxilla).
- the derivation unit 64 derives a second relative position and a second relative orientation of the bone 102 with respect to the position of the bone 101 based on information on the position and orientation of the bone 101 and information on the position and orientation of the bone 102.
- the derivation unit 64 derives a target relative position and a target relative orientation of the bone 102 with respect to the position and orientation of the bone 101 based on a predetermined amount of movement with respect to the initial value of the second relative position and a predetermined amount of rotation with respect to the initial value of the second relative orientation.
- the information generating unit 65 generates an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes (coordinate axis image 402) representing the target relative position and the target relative orientation.
- the information generating unit 65 generates an image of three-dimensional coordinate axes (coordinate axis image 403) representing the second relative position and the second relative orientation.
- the display unit 66 displays the coordinate axis image 402 and the coordinate axis image 403, as exemplified in Figures 11 and 12.
- the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a magnetic sensor (jig) is also attached to a proximal mandibular bone fragment separated from the mandible.
- a magnetic sensor jig
- the second embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first embodiment.
- ⁇ Before surgery> 15 is a diagram showing a first example of designating the attachment positions of the magnetic sensors 301 in the second embodiment.
- the attachment positions of the magnetic sensors 301 are shown for a state before the maxilla model 112 is separated from the skull model 111 on the screen of the display unit 23.
- the mandible model 113 is a three-dimensional model of the mandible of a patient.
- the jig 220 illustrated in FIG. 1 is sandwiched between the dentition of the maxilla model 112 and the dentition of the mandible model 113, and is joined to both.
- Mounting position 10 represents the mounting position of the magnetic sensor 301-2 (jig 220) that is attached to the actual bone 102.
- Mounting position 11 represents the target mounting position of the magnetic sensor 301-1 that is attached to the actual bone 101.
- Mounting positions 12 and 13 represent the target mounting positions of each magnetic sensor 301 that is attached to the actual mandible. Mounting positions 11, 12, and 13 are expressed with mounting position 10 as the origin.
- ⁇ During surgery> 16 is a diagram showing an example of cutting the bone 103 (mandible) in the second embodiment.
- the surgeon temporarily removes each magnetic sensor 301 from each bone.
- the surgeon separates the bone 102 from the bone 101, and cuts the bone 103.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the attachment positions of the magnetic sensors 301 after the bone 103 is cut in the second embodiment.
- the attachment positions of the magnetic sensors 301 are shown for a state in which the bone 102 is separated from the bone 101 and the bone 102 is rejoined to the bone 101.
- bone 103 (mandible) is cut into bone 103-1, bone 103-2 (proximal mandible fragment), and bone 103-3 (proximal mandible fragment).
- the planner determines the attachment position 10 of the first magnetic sensor 301 on the maxilla model 112 and mandible model 113-1.
- the planner determines the attachment position 11 of the second magnetic sensor 301 on the skull model 111.
- the planner determines the attachment position 12 of the third magnetic sensor 301 on the mandible model 113-2.
- the planner determines the attachment position 13 of the fourth magnetic sensor 301 on the mandible model 113-3. With attachment position 10 as the origin, attachment positions 11, 12, and 13 are expressed.
- the second embodiment is suitable for surgery in which multiple bones are aligned (such as surgery to reconstruct an artificial bone in a patient who has lost bone due to osteonecrosis of the jaw caused by cancer, etc.).
- the number of sensors is not limited to a specific number.
- navigation can be performed using three or more sensors, allowing the surgeon to more accurately align the relative positions and orientations of the bones.
- the navigation surgery in each embodiment is not limited to a specific field of surgery, so long as it is a surgery that requires accurate alignment of the relative positions and relative postures of each bone.
- the navigation surgery may be navigation surgery in orthognathic surgery between the maxilla and mandible.
- a jig (mouthpiece) for the maxilla and a jig (mouthpiece) for the mandible may be created separately.
- a sensor may be attached to each jig.
- the present invention can be applied to a surgical support system.
- 1...navigation system 2...planning device, 3...storage device, 4...communication line, 5...detection device, 6...navigation device, 10...mounting position, 11...mounting position, 12...mounting position, 13...mounting position, 14...coordinate axis image, 15...coordinate axis image, 16...coordinate axis image, 17...line image, 18...display area, 21...movement processing unit, 22...rotation processing unit, 23...display unit, 51...magnetic field generation unit, 52...acquisition unit, 53...detection unit, 54...communication unit, 61...communication unit , 62...storage unit, 63...acquisition unit, 64...derivation unit, 65...information generation unit, 66...display unit, 101...bone, 102...bone, 103...bone, 111...skull model, 112...maxilla model, 113...mandible model, 210...jig, 211...mounting unit, 212...joint surface, 213...ji
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Abstract
Description
(第1実施形態)
図1は、第1実施形態における、ナビゲーションシステム1(手術支援システム)の構成例を示す図である。ナビゲーションシステム1は、患者の骨に予め定められた目標取付位置及び目標取付姿勢に対するセンサの相対位置及び相対姿勢をナビゲーションするシステムである。これによって、術者(医師)は、患者の骨に予め定められた目標取付位置においてセンサの姿勢が目標取付姿勢となるように、患者の骨にセンサ(治具)を正確に取り付けることができる。目標取付位置及び目標取付姿勢は、術前プランニング(手術前に行われる3次元シミュレーション)において、計画者(医師)によって予め定められる。
手術に先立って、計画装置2を用いて、術前プランニングが計画者(不図示)によって行われる。例えば、顎矯正手術(Le Fort I型骨切り術)に先立って行われる術前プランニングでは、患者に対するCT(computed tomography)スキャン等の実行によって取得されたデータに基づいて、頭蓋骨モデル(骨101の3次元モデル)が、計画装置2のメモリに作成される。
術前プランニングにおいて、計画者は、骨101における磁気センサ301-1(治具210)の目標取付位置を、変換部24に指定する。骨101が頭蓋骨である場合、目標取付位置は、例えば、頭蓋骨の梨状口側縁に定められた位置である。
検出装置5は、患者の頭部と各磁気センサ301とを含む所定範囲の実空間に、磁界領域を生成する。検出装置5は、生成された磁界領域における各磁気センサ301の出力(信号)に基づいて、各磁気センサ301の位置及び姿勢をリアルタイムに検出(トラッキング)する。
治具210は、骨101に磁気センサ301-1を固定するための治具である。治具210は、術者によって骨101に一時的に固定される。治具220は、骨102に磁気センサ301-2を固定するための治具である。治具220は、術者によって骨102の歯列に一時的に固定される。
術者は、骨102(上顎骨)を骨101(頭蓋骨)から切り離す。ここで、術者は、治具を一時的に骨から外してから、骨102(上顎骨)を骨101(頭蓋骨)から切り離してもよい。
通信部61は、骨101の3次元モデル(頭蓋骨モデル)の形状の情報と、骨102の3次元モデル(上顎骨モデル)の形状の情報とを、記憶装置3から取得する。通信部61は、予め定められた移動量の情報と予め定められた回転量の情報とを、記憶装置3から取得する。通信部61は、骨101の位置及び姿勢の情報と、骨102の位置及び姿勢の情報とを、所定周期で通信部54から取得する。
図2は、第1実施形態における、頭蓋骨モデル111と上顎骨モデル112とを示す図である。頭蓋骨モデル111は、実空間における骨101に相当する。上顎骨モデル112は、実空間における骨102に相当する。
図5は、第1実施形態における、磁気センサ301の取り付け位置(目標取付位置)の指定例を示す図である。図5における左側には、画面上で上顎骨モデル112が頭蓋骨モデル111から切り離される前の状態について、磁気センサ301の取り付け位置が示されている。これに対して、図5における右側には、画面上で上顎骨モデル112が頭蓋骨モデル111から切り離されて、上顎骨モデル112が頭蓋骨モデル111に再接合された状態について、磁気センサ301の取り付け位置が示されている。
図6は、第1実施形態における、頭蓋骨(骨101)に接合される治具の例を示す図である。治具210は、CAD/CAM(computer-aided design / computer-aided manufacturing)の手法を用いて作成される。すなわち、治具210の形状の設計データは、頭蓋骨モデル111のDICOMデータに基づいて設計される。また、治具210は、治具210の形状の設計データ(例えば、STLデータ)に基づいて、例えば3次元プリンタ(3Dプリンタ)で製造される。
図8は、第1実施形態における、取り付け位置を示すナビゲーション画像の例を示す図である。手術中に、表示部66は、磁気センサ301-1(治具210)の目標取付位置及び目標取付姿勢に対する磁気センサ301-1の相対位置及び相対姿勢を表すナビゲーション画像を、所定のフレームレートでリアルタイムに表示する。図8には、手術中の第1時刻におけるナビゲーション画像の例が示されている。
図11は、第1実施形態における、骨の相対位置等を示すナビゲーション画像の例を示す図である。表示部66は、情報生成部65によって生成されたナビゲーション画像を、所定のフレームレート(例えば、40fps)で表示する。ナビゲーション画像において、骨101の形状は、頭蓋骨モデル111の画像を用いて表される。また、骨102の形状は、上顎骨モデル112の画像を用いて表される。
図13は、第1実施形態における、ナビゲーション装置6の第1動作例(骨に磁気センサが取り付けられる際の動作例)を示すフローチャートである。取得部63は、磁気センサ301-2の位置及び姿勢に対する磁気センサ301-1の目標取付位置及び目標取付姿勢の情報を、計画装置2又は記憶装置3から取得する(ステップS101)。取得部63は、磁気センサ301-1の信号に基づいて検出された磁気センサ301-1の位置及び姿勢の情報を、検出装置5から取得する(ステップS102)。
図14は、第1実施形態における、ナビゲーション装置6の第2動作例(骨が相対移動及び相対回転される際の動作例)を示すフローチャートである。取得部63は、骨101(第1の骨)の形状の情報と、骨102(第2の骨)の形状の情報とを、通信部61又は記憶部62から取得する(ステップS201)。取得部63は、骨102に対して予め定められた移動量及び回転量の情報を、通信部61又は記憶部62から取得する(ステップS202)。
第2実施形態では、下顎骨から切り離された下顎骨近位骨片にも磁気センサ(治具)が取り付けられる点が、第1実施形態との差分である。第2実施形態では第1実施形態との差分を中心に説明する。
図15は、第2実施形態における、各磁気センサ301の取り付け位置の指定の第1例を示す図である。表示部23の画面上で上顎骨モデル112が頭蓋骨モデル111から切り離される前の状態について、磁気センサ301の取り付け位置が示されている。下顎骨モデル113は、患者の下顎骨の3次元モデルである。
図16は、第2実施形態における、骨103(下顎骨)の切断例を示す図である。手術中において、術者は、一時的に各磁気センサ301を各骨から外す。術者は、骨102を骨101から切り離し、骨103を切断する。
Claims (13)
- 第1の骨の表面に応じた形状の面を有する第1の治具に対して予め定められた第1の向きで前記第1の治具の取付部に挿入された第1のセンサの信号に基づいて検出された前記第1のセンサの位置及び姿勢の情報と、第2の骨の表面に応じた形状の面を有する第2の治具に対して予め定められた第2の向きで前記第2の治具の取付部に挿入された第2のセンサの信号に基づいて検出された前記第2のセンサの位置及び姿勢に対する前記第1のセンサの目標取付位置及び目標取付姿勢の情報とを取得する取得部と、
前記目標取付位置及び前記目標取付姿勢と前記第1のセンサの位置及び姿勢とに基づいて、前記目標取付位置及び前記目標取付姿勢に対する前記第1のセンサの第1の相対位置及び第1の相対姿勢を導出する導出部と、
前記目標取付位置及び前記目標取付姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像と、前記第1の相対位置及び前記第1の相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像とを生成する情報生成部と、
前記目標取付位置及び前記目標取付姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像と、前記第1の相対位置及び前記第1の相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像とを表示する表示部と
を備えるナビゲーションシステム。 - 前記第2の治具は、歯列スプリントである、
請求項1に記載のナビゲーションシステム。 - 前記情報生成部は、前記目標取付位置と前記第1の相対位置との差を表す数値情報を生成し、
前記表示部は、更に、前記数値情報を表示する、
請求項1に記載のナビゲーションシステム。 - 前記情報生成部は、前記目標取付位置と前記第1の相対位置との差を少なくする移動方向を表す文字情報を生成し、
前記表示部は、更に、前記文字情報を表示する、
請求項1に記載のナビゲーションシステム。 - 前記情報生成部は、前記目標取付位置と前記第1の相対位置とを結ぶ線の画像を生成し、
前記表示部は、更に、前記線の画像を表示する、
請求項1に記載のナビゲーションシステム。 - 前記センサは、磁気センサである、
請求項1に記載のナビゲーションシステム。 - 前記第1の骨は、頭蓋骨であり、
前記第2の骨は、上顎骨である、
請求項1に記載のナビゲーションシステム。 - 前記取得部は、前記第1の骨に取り付けられた前記第1のセンサの信号に基づいて検出された前記第1の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報と、前記第2の骨に取り付けられた前記第2のセンサの信号に基づいて検出された前記第2の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報とを取得し、
前記導出部は、前記第1の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報と前記第2の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報とに基づいて、前記第1の骨の位置に対する前記第2の骨の第2の相対位置及び第2の相対姿勢を導出し、前記第2の相対位置の初期値に対して予め定められた移動量と前記第2の相対姿勢の初期値に対して予め定められた回転量とに基づいて、前記第1の骨の位置及び姿勢に対する前記第2の骨の目標相対位置及び目標相対姿勢を導出し、
前記情報生成部は、前記目標相対位置及び前記目標相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像と、前記第2の相対位置及び前記第2の相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像とを生成し、
前記表示部は、前記目標相対位置及び前記目標相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像と、前記第2の相対位置及び前記第2の相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像とを表示する、
請求項1に記載のナビゲーションシステム。 - 第1の骨の表面に応じた形状の面を有する第1の治具に対して予め定められた第1の向きで前記第1の治具の取付部に挿入された第1のセンサの信号に基づいて検出された前記第1の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報と、第2の骨の表面に応じた形状の面を有する第2の治具に対して予め定められた第2の向きで前記第2の治具の取付部に挿入された第2のセンサの信号に基づいて検出された前記第2の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報とを取得する取得部と、
前記第1の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報と前記第2の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報とに基づいて、前記第1の骨の位置に対する前記第2の骨の相対位置及び相対姿勢を導出し、前記相対位置の初期値に対して予め定められた移動量と、前記相対姿勢の初期値に対して予め定められた回転量とに基づいて、前記第1の骨の位置及び姿勢に対する前記第2の骨の目標相対位置及び目標相対姿勢を導出する導出部と、
前記目標相対位置及び前記目標相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像と、前記相対位置及び前記相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像とを生成する情報生成部と、
前記目標相対位置及び前記目標相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像と、前記相対位置及び前記相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像とを表示する表示部と
を備えるナビゲーションシステム。 - 予め定められた向きでセンサが挿入される取付部と、
接合される骨の表面に応じた形状の面と
を有する治具。 - 第1の前記治具は、第1の前記治具に対して予め定められた第1の向きで第1の前記センサが挿入される第1の前記取付部と、第1の前記骨の表面に応じた形状の第1の前記面とを有し、
第2の前記治具は、第2の前記治具に対して予め定められた第2の向きで第2の前記センサが挿入される第2の前記取付部と、第2の前記骨の表面に応じた形状の第2の前記面とを有し、
第1の前記骨に接合された状態の第1の前記治具における第1の前記取付部に挿入された第1の前記センサの向きと、第2の前記骨に接合された状態の第2の前記治具における第2の前記取付部に挿入された第2の前記センサの向きとは同じ向きである、
請求項10に記載の治具。 - コンピュータに、
第1の骨の表面に応じた形状の面を有する第1の治具に対して予め定められた第1の向きで前記第1の治具の取付部に挿入された第1のセンサの信号に基づいて検出された前記第1のセンサの位置及び姿勢の情報と、第2の骨の表面に応じた形状の面を有する第2の治具に対して予め定められた第2の向きで前記第2の治具の取付部に挿入された第2のセンサの信号に基づいて検出された前記第2のセンサの位置及び姿勢に対する前記第1のセンサの目標取付位置及び目標取付姿勢の情報とを取得する手順と、
前記目標取付位置及び前記目標取付姿勢と前記第1のセンサの位置及び姿勢とに基づいて、前記目標取付位置及び前記目標取付姿勢に対する前記第1のセンサの第1の相対位置及び第1の相対姿勢を導出する手順と、
前記目標取付位置及び前記目標取付姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像と、前記第1の相対位置及び前記第1の相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像とを生成する手順と、
前記目標取付位置及び前記目標取付姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像と、前記第1の相対位置及び前記第1の相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像とを表示する手順と
を実行させるためのプログラム。 - コンピュータに、
第1の骨の表面に応じた形状の面を有する第1の治具に対して予め定められた第1の向きで前記第1の治具の取付部に挿入された第1のセンサの信号に基づいて検出された前記第1の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報と、第2の骨の表面に応じた形状の面を有する第2の治具に対して予め定められた第2の向きで前記第2の治具の取付部に挿入された第2のセンサの信号に基づいて検出された前記第2の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報とを取得する手順と、
前記第1の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報と前記第2の骨の位置及び姿勢の情報とに基づいて、前記第1の骨の位置に対する前記第2の骨の相対位置及び相対姿勢を導出し、前記相対位置の初期値に対して予め定められた移動量と、前記相対姿勢の初期値に対して予め定められた回転量とに基づいて、前記第1の骨の位置及び姿勢に対する前記第2の骨の目標相対位置及び目標相対姿勢を導出する手順と、
前記目標相対位置及び前記目標相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像と、前記相対位置及び前記相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像とを生成する手順と、
前記目標相対位置及び前記目標相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像と、前記相対位置及び前記相対姿勢を表す3次元座標軸の画像とを表示する手順と
を実行させるためのプログラム。
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| JP2024553936A JPWO2024095310A1 (ja) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | |
| EP22964333.3A EP4613221A1 (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Navigation system, jig, and program |
| CN202280100879.XA CN120018821A (zh) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | 导航系统、夹具以及程序 |
| PCT/JP2022/040624 WO2024095310A1 (ja) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | ナビゲーションシステム、治具及びプログラム |
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| JP2007526065A (ja) * | 2004-03-05 | 2007-09-13 | デピュー インターナショナル リミテッド | 植え込み可能なマーカ、器具、および、方法 |
| US20090220122A1 (en) | 2005-11-11 | 2009-09-03 | Ortho-Pro-Teknica Limited | Tracking system for orthognathic surgery |
| US20140186793A1 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2014-07-03 | Loma Linda University | Device, system and methods for determining and measuring temporomandibular joint positions and movements |
| JP2015517327A (ja) * | 2012-05-03 | 2015-06-22 | シーメンス プロダクト ライフサイクル マネージメント ソフトウェアー インコーポレイテッドSiemens Product Lifecycle Management Software Inc. | 整形外科手術計画用の特徴ドリブンルールベースのフレームワーク |
| US20170000505A1 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2017-01-05 | The Johns Hopkins University | Computer-assisted craniomaxillofacial surgery |
| JP2019528144A (ja) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-10-10 | ザ・メソジスト・ホスピタル・システムThe Methodist Hospital System | コンピュータ支援の下顎矯正手術計画のためのシステム及び方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-10-31 EP EP22964333.3A patent/EP4613221A1/en active Pending
- 2022-10-31 CN CN202280100879.XA patent/CN120018821A/zh active Pending
- 2022-10-31 JP JP2024553936A patent/JPWO2024095310A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-10-31 WO PCT/JP2022/040624 patent/WO2024095310A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007526065A (ja) * | 2004-03-05 | 2007-09-13 | デピュー インターナショナル リミテッド | 植え込み可能なマーカ、器具、および、方法 |
| US20090220122A1 (en) | 2005-11-11 | 2009-09-03 | Ortho-Pro-Teknica Limited | Tracking system for orthognathic surgery |
| JP2015517327A (ja) * | 2012-05-03 | 2015-06-22 | シーメンス プロダクト ライフサイクル マネージメント ソフトウェアー インコーポレイテッドSiemens Product Lifecycle Management Software Inc. | 整形外科手術計画用の特徴ドリブンルールベースのフレームワーク |
| US20140186793A1 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2014-07-03 | Loma Linda University | Device, system and methods for determining and measuring temporomandibular joint positions and movements |
| US20170000505A1 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2017-01-05 | The Johns Hopkins University | Computer-assisted craniomaxillofacial surgery |
| JP2019528144A (ja) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-10-10 | ザ・メソジスト・ホスピタル・システムThe Methodist Hospital System | コンピュータ支援の下顎矯正手術計画のためのシステム及び方法 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN120018821A (zh) | 2025-05-16 |
| EP4613221A1 (en) | 2025-09-10 |
| JPWO2024095310A1 (ja) | 2024-05-10 |
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