WO2024090051A1 - 電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置、電縫鋼管の溶接管理方法、電縫鋼管の製造方法および電縫鋼管の溶接管理システム - Google Patents
電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置、電縫鋼管の溶接管理方法、電縫鋼管の製造方法および電縫鋼管の溶接管理システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024090051A1 WO2024090051A1 PCT/JP2023/032693 JP2023032693W WO2024090051A1 WO 2024090051 A1 WO2024090051 A1 WO 2024090051A1 JP 2023032693 W JP2023032693 W JP 2023032693W WO 2024090051 A1 WO2024090051 A1 WO 2024090051A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K13/00—Welding by high-frequency current heating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/952—Inspecting the exterior surface of cylindrical bodies or wires
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric-welded steel pipe welding management device, an electric-welded steel pipe welding management method, an electric-welded steel pipe manufacturing method, and an electric-welded steel pipe welding management system that make it possible to prevent welding defects by performing image analysis on the edge portion of an open pipe immediately before electric-welded welding of the electric-welded steel pipe.
- Electrical resistance welded steel pipes are manufactured by using roll forming to continuously bend a steel plate or steel strip in the circumferential direction, butting both ends together to form a hollow tube with a circular cross section, and then continuously electric resistance welding both edges of the butted open tube.
- both edges are heated above their melting point by direct current from a contact tip or by induced current from an induction coil, and immediately thereafter the joints of both edges are butted (upset) with a welding roll (squeeze roll).
- a welding roll squeeze roll
- oxides (penetrators) that are generated during the melting and heating process of the steel plate or steel strip are caused to flow onto the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe by the upset, and are expelled into unnecessary areas called excess welds (beads), preventing the occurrence of welding defects.
- excess welds are cut and removed from the pipe using a cutting tool or similar.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a welding temperature measurement method in which the coordinates of the corner positions on the outer and inner surfaces of both edges of an open pipe before they are butted are detected from a captured image, the temperature distribution of the corners on the outer and inner surfaces of both edges is calculated, and the detected coordinates are compared with the calculated temperature distribution to determine the edge temperature at the detected coordinates, thereby controlling the heating conditions of both edges.
- Patent Document 2 proposes an operational monitoring device for electric resistance welding that acquires an image of electric resistance welding, acquires an image of a region including a V-shaped convergence portion where both edges of an open tube before they meet, converts the temperature of the region where the molten part inside the wall thickness starts to discharge to the surface at either the meeting point of both edges or the geometric convergence point formed by both edges in the image, into a temperature value based on brightness level, and determines whether the temperature is above a threshold value.
- Patent Document 3 proposes an operational monitoring device that acquires an image of the electric resistance weld, acquires an image of the area including the V-convergence portion where both edges of the open pipe before they meet, measures the distance L between a first V-convergence point where the two edges geometrically intersect and a second V-convergence point where the two edges of the metal plate meet, and the V-convergence angle ⁇ at this first V-convergence point, and determines whether the distance L and the V-convergence angle ⁇ are within a previously determined tolerance range.
- Patent Document 1 the temperature of the corners on the inner and outer surfaces of the joining end faces is measured, so it is possible to monitor the effect of the lapping state of both end faces before they are butted together.
- Patent Document 2 a lower limit is set for the temperature of the outer or inner surface at either the butt point of the two edges or the geometric convergence point of the two edges to determine whether the welding conditions are good or bad.
- this method also has the problem that it is not possible to obtain temperature information from the center of the wall thickness, making it impossible to obtain sufficient weld characteristics.
- Patent Document 3 the quality of the welding conditions is judged using numerical data obtained by analyzing images taken from the outer surface of the electric resistance welded pipe.
- the end faces of both edges do not only face each other in an I-shape, but also form a V-shape or inverted V-shape because the curvature distribution near the ends changes due to edge forming of both edges before welding.
- the appearance of the electric resistance weld changes between the outer surface and the inner surface of the pipe, and the butt state of both edges cannot be determined in the image of the outer surface of the pipe, resulting in the problem that sufficient weld characteristics cannot be obtained.
- the present invention has been made in consideration of these circumstances, and aims to provide an electric welded steel pipe welding management device, an electric welded steel pipe welding management method, an electric welded steel pipe manufacturing method, and an electric welded steel pipe welding management system that make it possible to prevent welding defects.
- the inventors focused on controlling temperature information in the thickness direction of the end faces of both edge portions during electric resistance welding, in particular the temperature difference between the center of the pipe thickness and the outer and inner surfaces of the pipe. Furthermore, in electric resistance welding, the inventors focused on the relationship between the angle (V convergence angle ⁇ ) formed geometrically by two straight lines converging along both edges, and the narrow gap length L, which is the distance between the welding point where both edges join and welding starts and the V convergence point when the intersection of the two straight lines is the V convergence point.
- electric resistance welding is performed by heating using high-frequency current by direct resistance heating or induction heating.
- a heating phenomenon unique to high-frequency heating occurs, whereby the skin effect appears in the initial stage of heating.
- the temperature of the outer and inner surfaces of the edge parts becomes higher than that of the center part of the wall thickness. Heat transfer to the center part of the wall thickness occurs due to thermal conduction of the edge parts.
- the end faces become closer to each other, causing a proximity effect and increasing the rate of temperature rise in the center of the wall thickness.
- the outermost surface of the edge part throughout the entire pipe thickness is then heated to the melting point, and electric resistance welding is performed at the abutment part after upsetting with a squeeze roll. At this time, the molten metal at the edge part is expelled outside the pipe together with the penetrators distributed on the surface, forming a weld bead 203.
- the temperature of the center of the wall thickness tends to be relatively low because heating is delayed compared to the inner and outer surfaces of the edge parts. If the center of the wall thickness of the edge parts is not heated sufficiently, there is a problem that a sufficient amount of weld metal cannot be obtained during the heating process to expel the penetrators generated in the center of the wall thickness into the weld bead 203. To address this issue, it is necessary to make the proximity effect at the center of the wall thickness appear early in the heating process. To achieve this, it is necessary to take measures such as adjusting the V convergence angle and shortening the distance between the work coil and the squeeze roll.
- the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the edge changes depending on the butt state of the two edges to be joined. That is, in electric resistance welding, when the cylindrical cross section of the pipe is viewed from the front (front in the pipe axial direction), the butt of both edges is not tilted, and an I-shaped butt in which both edge surfaces are joined directly from the front is ideal, in which there is almost no temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the two edges, and the penetrator is smoothly discharged to the outside of the inner and outer sides of the pipe during upsetting with the squeeze rolls.
- the edges are inclined, the proximity effect is not uniform on the joint surface of the edges, and heating is biased to the area where the distance between the edges is short.
- the edges are V-shaped when viewed from the front of the cylindrical cross section, the temperature rise is significant on the inner side of the edges, and if they are inverted V-shaped, the temperature rise is significant on the outer side of the edges, and heating is insufficient in the area where the distance between the edges is long.
- the upset of the squeeze roll the discharge of the penetrator on the side where heating is insufficient is hindered, causing deterioration of the quality of the welded part. Therefore, in electric resistance welding, it is important to establish welding conditions that can delay heating of the center of the wall thickness during the heating process before upsetting with a squeeze roll and suppress temperature deviations on the inner and outer surfaces of the edge in order to ensure the quality of the weld.
- a welding management device for electric resistance welded steel pipes manufactured by electric resistance welding in which a steel plate or steel strip is bent in the circumferential direction, both edge portions are butted together to form an open pipe, and then both edge portions of the butted open pipe are upset, a pre-electric-sew welding edge temperature detection unit that detects an outer surface temperature T o , an inner surface temperature T i and a wall thickness center temperature T c of an edge portion on at least one side of an open pipe based on information on a temperature distribution in the wall thickness direction of the edge portion before electric-sew welding; an edge temperature difference calculation unit that calculates a temperature difference ⁇ T between the outer surface temperature T o and the inner surface temperature T i ; Based on image information of an area including both edge portions of the open pipe and a welding point where the both edge portions of the open pipe are joined and welding is started, a V-convergence point extraction unit that extracts two straight lines
- the welding state determination unit is The welding management device for electric-resistance welded steel pipe according to the above [1] or [2], wherein the quality of electric-resistance welding conditions is determined based on whether a ratio of the temperature difference ⁇ T to the wall thickness center temperature Tc: ⁇ T/Tc, is within a range that is preset in accordance with the value of the V-convergence angle ⁇ and the value of L.
- a welding management method for electric resistance welded steel pipes which are manufactured by electric resistance welding in which a steel plate or a steel strip is bent in the circumferential direction, both edge portions are butted together to form an open pipe, and then both edge portions of the butted open pipe are upset, an edge temperature detection step before electric resistance welding, for detecting an outer surface temperature T o , an inner surface temperature T i and a wall thickness center temperature T c of the edge portion based on information on a temperature distribution of at least one edge portion of the open pipe before electric resistance welding; an edge temperature difference calculation step of calculating a temperature difference ⁇ T between the outer surface temperature T o and the inner surface temperature T i ; Based on image information of an area including both edge portions of the open pipe and a welding point where the both edge portions of the open pipe are joined and welding is started, a V-convergence point extraction step of extracting two straight lines converging along the edge portion and extracting a V-convergence point which is an intersection of the two straight lines; A V convergence angle calculation step of
- a welding management device for electric resistance welded steel pipes according to any one of [1] to [3] above, an edge temperature information acquisition device that acquires information on a temperature distribution of at least one edge portion of the open pipe before electric resistance welding; a welded portion photographing device for photographing both edge portions of the open pipe and a welded portion formed by the convergence of both edge portions before electric resistance welding; A welding management system for electric welded steel pipes.
- the present invention makes it possible to prevent welding defects.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a welding management device and a welding management system including the same for carrying out the present invention
- 4 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the welding management device according to the present embodiment.
- 4 is an explanatory diagram of each part of an image of a welded portion produced by electric resistance welding
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the formation of a bead by edge heating and upsetting in electric resistance welding
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of the quality of electric resistance welds (flattening height test results) according to the ratio ( ⁇ T/Tc) of the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe at the edge of the electric resistance weld and the temperature at the center of the wall thickness and the value of the narrow gap length L.
- 10 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the quality of electric resistance welding according to the narrow gap length L and the value of ⁇ T/Tc at each of the V convergence angles ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3.
- 4 is a graph for explaining an allowable range of electric resistance welding in the examples.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the welding management device and the welding management system including the welding management device, showing one example of an embodiment for implementing the present invention.
- the steel plate (or steel strip) is continuously formed into a cylindrical shape by roll forming, and then, moving in the direction of the arrow in the figure (welding direction), the stability of the cylindrical shape is ensured by the fin pass roll 2, while the butting positions of both edge portions are centered and the open tube 1 is formed. After that, both edge portions of the open tube 1 are heated until they melt by high-frequency current supplied from the high-frequency oscillator 3 via a pair of contact tips 31a, 31b. It is also possible to use an induction heating work coil instead of the contact tips.
- the open tube 1 passes through a welding stand 40 surrounded by a group of rolls consisting of squeeze rolls 41a, 41b and top rolls 42a, 42b, where both edges are pressed together, and the open tube 1 is welded (electric current welding) while the molten steel is discharged to the outside (the outer and inner surfaces of the tubular steel plate).
- the welding point is the position where both edges of the open pipe 1 approach each other upstream of the squeeze rolls 41a, 41b (opposite the welding direction) and where joining begins.
- the position of this welding point moves back and forth in the welding direction depending on the magnitude relationship between the welding speed and the electric resistance welding power input.
- the welding management system 10 includes an edge temperature information acquisition device 11 that acquires information on the temperature distribution of at least one edge of the open pipe before electric resistance welding, a welded part photography device 12 that photographs both edges of the open pipe and the weld point formed by the convergence of both edges before electric resistance welding, and a welding management device 100.
- an edge temperature information acquisition device 11 that acquires information on the temperature distribution of at least one edge of the open pipe before electric resistance welding
- a welded part photography device 12 that photographs both edges of the open pipe and the weld point formed by the convergence of both edges before electric resistance welding
- a welding management device 100 includes a welding management device 100 .
- the edge temperature information acquisition device 11 has a thermometer capable of measuring a temperature distribution based on a two-dimensional image, such as a thermograph, and also has a camera that captures an image of the edge portion in order to acquire the edge temperature distribution.
- the edge temperature information acquisition device 11 is installed and adjusted in position so that the camera can capture the entire thickness of a predetermined area of the edge of the open pipe 1 located between the contact tips 31a, 31b and the welding stand 40 in the wall thickness direction.
- the camera of the edge temperature information acquisition device 11 captures the heated surface from the outer surface of the pipe to the inner surface of the pipe at least at one of the opposing edges.
- the thermometer may be a radiation thermometer or a two-color thermometer, but any thermometer that can capture a temperature distribution may be used.
- the edge temperature information acquisition device 11 also has an adjuster such as a zoom lens for adjusting the optical system and an exposure adjuster.
- the adjuster preferably has a field of view of 100 mm x 40 mm and a resolution of 500 ⁇ m/pixel or higher. It is more preferable that the resolution is 100 ⁇ m/pixel or higher.
- the number of pixels of the image capturing device (camera) is preferably equal to or greater than 1920 x 1080. If the resolution is lower than 500 ⁇ m/pixel, the detection accuracy of the edge temperature may deteriorate.
- the welded portion photographing device 12 has, for example, a camera, and is installed so as to be able to photograph the downstream side of the welding stand 40 in the welding direction, and photographs how both edge portions (welded portions) of the open pipe 1 are heated, melted, and pressure-welded.
- the position of the welded portion photographing device 12 is adjusted so that the photographed image photographed by the welded portion photographing device 12 includes a joining point (V-convergence point) described below and the roll centers of the squeeze rolls 41a and 41b.
- the camera may be either a camera for photographing color images or a camera for photographing monochrome images.
- the welded portion photographing device 12 also includes adjusters such as a zoom lens and an exposure adjuster for adjusting the optical system.
- the adjuster preferably ensures a photographing field of view of 100 mm x 40 mm and a resolution of 100 ⁇ m/pixel or higher.
- the resolution is more preferably 50 ⁇ m/pixel or higher.
- the number of pixels of the camera is preferably 1920 x 1080 or more. If the resolution is lower than 100 ⁇ m/pixel, the detection accuracy of the V convergence point and the welded point may deteriorate.
- the welding speed of electric resistance welding may be welding at a speed exceeding 100 m/min, and in order to photograph any photographed point once or more within a region of a photographing field of view of 100 mm, it is preferable to set the frame speed to 20 fps (frames per second) or more. If the frame speed is less than 20 fps, there may be an area in the welded portion of the electric resistance welded pipe where image analysis of the welding cannot be performed, and there is a possibility that welding defects may be overlooked.
- the welding management device 100 is a welding management device for electric-resistance welded steel pipes, which are manufactured by bending a steel plate or steel strip in the circumferential direction, butting both edge portions together to form an open pipe, and then electric-resistance welding to upset both edge portions of the butted open pipe.
- the welding management device 100 includes an edge temperature detection unit 122 before electric-resistance welding that detects an outer surface temperature T o , an inner surface temperature T i , and a wall thickness center temperature T c of the edge portion based on information on the temperature distribution in the wall thickness direction of at least one edge portion of the open pipe before electric-resistance welding, and a temperature detection unit 123 that detects the outer surface temperature T o , the inner surface temperature T i , and the wall thickness center temperature T c of the edge portion based on information on the temperature distribution in the wall thickness direction of at least one edge portion of the open pipe.
- the welding management device 100 may also have an output unit 142 that outputs the determination result by the welding condition determination unit 141.
- the welding management device 100 may have, for example, an edge temperature distribution data input unit 111 and a welded part photography data input unit 112 as the input unit 110.
- the welding management device 100 acquires edge temperature distribution information acquired by the edge temperature information acquisition device 11 through an input operation by the edge temperature distribution data input unit 111.
- the welding management device 100 acquires image information of the welded part imaged by the welded part photography device 12 through an input operation by the welded part photography data input unit 112.
- the welding management device 100 is composed of a general-purpose computer such as a workstation or a personal computer, and has a calculation processing function such as a CPU, an image processing function such as a GPU, and various memory functions such as a ROM and a RAM as an example of a storage unit 143 described later.
- the welding management device 100 also includes a recording medium such as a hard disk connected via a data communication terminal, and an output unit such as a display device for graphics and an alarm device.
- the edge temperature distribution processing unit 121 calculates the difference ⁇ T between the outer surface temperature T o and the inner surface temperature T i of the edge portion, and detects the wall thickness center temperature Tc.
- the welding image processing unit 131 also calculates the V convergence angle ⁇ and the narrow gap length L. Based on this information ⁇ T, Tc, ⁇ , and L, the welding state judgment unit 141 judges whether the electric resistance welding conditions are good or bad.
- the configuration and functions of the welding management device 100 are explained in more detail below.
- the edge temperature distribution processing unit 121 has a pre-electrical-seam welding edge temperature detection unit 122 and an edge temperature difference calculation unit 125.
- the electric resistance welding front edge temperature detection unit 122 detects the temperature distribution in the wall thickness direction from the outer surface to the inner surface of the pipe of at least one edge portion heated by high frequency current.
- the electric resistance welding front edge temperature detection unit 122 may have a spatial coordinate calculation unit 123 (spatial coordinate calculation unit 123 of temperature detection range) and a thickness direction temperature distribution detection unit 124 (designated position thickness direction temperature distribution detection unit 124).
- the spatial coordinate calculation unit 123 calculates three-dimensional spatial coordinates based on pixel information including temperature distribution information at the edge of a predetermined region for obtaining temperature distribution information.
- the spatial coordinate calculation unit 123 can calculate spatial coordinates based on image data that can be displayed as two-dimensional coordinates.
- the spatial coordinate calculation unit 123 can set X and Y coordinates for the image itself in the two-dimensional image data, and further set a Z coordinate in the depth direction of the image, and can handle the image data as three-dimensional data.
- the thickness direction temperature distribution detector (designated position thickness direction temperature distribution detector) 124 detects the temperature distribution at a preset position in the pipe longitudinal direction.
- the thickness direction temperature distribution detector 124 detects at least the outer surface temperature T o and the inner surface temperature T i of the edge portion.
- the thickness direction temperature distribution detector 124 also detects the thickness center temperature Tc.
- the edge temperature difference calculation unit 125 calculates a temperature difference ⁇ T between the outer surface temperature T o and the inner surface temperature T i of the open pipe edge portion at a preset position (specified position).
- the welding management device 100 performs the above series of processes in the edge temperature distribution processing unit 121.
- the welding image processing unit 131 has a pipe edge image detection unit 132 , a V convergence point extraction unit 133 , a V convergence angle calculation unit 134 , and a narrow gap length calculation unit 135 .
- the pipe edge image detection unit 132 detects both ends of the red-hot edge portion around the V convergence point based on the information of the welding image.
- the V-convergence point extraction unit 133 generates two straight lines that converge along the edge portions based on image information of an area including both edges of the open pipe and the welding point where the two edges of the open pipe join and welding begins, and extracts the V-convergence point, which is the intersection of the two straight lines.
- the above image information is image information obtained by photographing the welded part photographing device 12.
- the V convergence angle calculation unit 134 calculates the V convergence angle ⁇ formed by the above two straight lines.
- the narrow gap length calculation unit 135 calculates the distance from the V convergence point to the welding point as the narrow gap length L.
- the welding management device 100 performs the above series of processes in the welding image processing unit 131.
- the welding management device 100 performs welding management processing by performing welding judgment by the welding state judgment unit 141 based on the above-mentioned temperature difference ⁇ T, V convergence angle ⁇ , and narrow gap length L, and outputting the judgment result by the output unit 142.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the welding management device of this embodiment.
- the processing proceeds to step S1.
- Steps S1 to S5 are also referred to as edge temperature distribution processing steps.
- step S6 when an instruction to start welding management processing is input to the welded portion image data input unit 112 by the operator, the processing proceeds to step S6.
- Steps S6 to S9 are also referred to as welded portion image processing steps.
- the processing from step S1 (edge temperature distribution processing step) and the processing from step S6 (welded portion image processing step) may proceed simultaneously in parallel.
- the edge temperature distribution processing unit 121 acquires information on the two-dimensional temperature distribution across the entire thickness of the edge portion from the edge temperature information acquisition device 11 at a predetermined longitudinal position before welding.
- the edge temperature distribution processing unit 121 detects two-dimensional temperature distribution information on the joining surface of the edge portion from the temperature distribution information including the captured image information, i.e., two-dimensional temperature distribution information in the pipe longitudinal direction and wall thickness direction. This completes the process of step S1, and the welding management process proceeds to step S2.
- the spatial coordinate calculation unit 123 (spatial coordinate calculation unit 123 of the temperature detection range) included in the pre-electrical-seam welding edge temperature detection unit 122 detects multiple coordinate reference points from the two-dimensional temperature distribution information acquired (imaged) in the process of step S1, or the image information captured by the camera (CCD camera) attached to the edge temperature information acquisition device 11, and performs spatial coordinate conversion from pixels to units of length.
- the coordinate reference points referred to here are preferably markers whose coordinate positions or the distance between each of the standard points is self-evident in advance, but are not limited to this.
- the spatial coordinate calculation unit 123 detects the distance between any two standard points and inputs the actual spatial distance between the standard points to perform spatial coordinate conversion within the image information of the temperature distribution information. At the same time, the spatial coordinate calculation unit 123 sets the origin of the two-dimensional coordinates at an arbitrary position in the image information of the temperature distribution information.
- the spatial coordinate calculation unit 123 may also derive in advance an arithmetic formula required for coordinate conversion from pixels to units of length. This completes the process of step S2, and the welding management process proceeds to the process of step S3.
- a thickness direction temperature distribution detection unit (designated position thickness direction temperature distribution detection unit) 124 included in the pre-electric resistance welding edge temperature detection unit 122 detects the temperature distribution in the thickness direction of the edge portion at any position in the longitudinal direction of the pipe together with the coordinate values, from the temperature distribution information after the above-mentioned spatial coordinate conversion processing.
- the arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction of the pipe is not particularly limited, but is preferably an arbitrary position from a position 3 mm in the opposite direction to the welding direction from the roll centers of the squeeze rolls 41 a, 41 b to an intermediate position between the roll centers of the squeeze rolls 41 a, 41 b and the contact tip 31 or a work coil (not shown).
- the range in which the thickness direction temperature distribution detection unit 124 detects the temperature distribution includes a longitudinal region of ⁇ 0.5 mm from a specified longitudinal position of the pipe, and the thickness direction temperature distribution detection unit 124 detects the entire thickness region of the edge portion.
- the corners, which correspond to the outer and inner surfaces of the edge portion, tend to be more easily heated than flat portions other than the corners due to the skin effect that is specific to high-frequency heating. Therefore, the temperature distribution in the thickness direction has peaks at the corners of the outer and inner surfaces of the edge. Based on this feature, the thickness of the entire thickness region is determined by determining the distance between the peaks detected at the outer and inner surfaces of the edge based on the temperature distribution in the thickness direction.
- step S3 If the error between the determined thickness of the tube (determined tube thickness value) and the preset thickness of the tube (actual thickness) is within ⁇ 3%, it is determined that the temperature distribution measurement result has sufficient accuracy. If the error is not within the range of ⁇ 3%, the field of view of the edge temperature distribution information acquisition device 11 is adjusted, and steps S1 to S3 are repeated until the error is within the range of ⁇ 3%. Then, step S3 is completed, and the welding management process proceeds to step S4.
- the pre-electric resistance welding edge temperature detection unit 122 detects the outer surface temperature T 0 and the inner surface temperature T i of the edge portion based on information on the temperature distribution of at least one edge portion of the open pipe. Specifically, using the information on the temperature distribution in the thickness direction detected above, the electric seam welding front edge temperature detection unit 122 (thickness direction temperature distribution detection unit 124) detects the temperatures at the peak center position (peak position) of the temperature information at the outer surface and inner surface positions of the pipe of the edge portion as the outer surface temperature T o and the inner surface temperature T i , respectively.
- the electric resistance welding front edge temperature detection unit 122 detects the temperature at the central position between the temperature peaks at the outer surface and inner surface positions of the pipe edge portion, and this is set as the temperature Tc of the central portion of the thickness. This completes the process of step S4, and the welding management process proceeds to step S5.
- the edge temperature difference calculation unit 125 calculates the temperature difference ⁇ T between the outer surface temperature T o and the inner surface temperature T i of the edge portion detected above.
- the edge temperature difference calculation unit 125 performs a calculation to subtract the outer surface temperature T o from the inner surface temperature T i , and can store the difference value with a positive or negative sign in the storage unit 143. This completes the process of step S5, and the welding management process proceeds to the process of step S10.
- step S6 which is performed in parallel with steps S1 to S5
- the pipe edge image detection unit 132 of the welding image processing unit 131 detects the edges of the edge portion that has been heated to red heat by high-frequency heating, based on the image information captured by the welding portion imaging device 12.
- the edge detection method used is a differential method, but is not limited to this. A specific description will be given with reference to Figures 3 and 4.
- Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of each part of an image of a welded portion of electric resistance welding.
- Fig. 4 is a diagram for explaining edge heating and bead formation by upsetting in electric resistance welding.
- the pipe edge image detection unit 132 obtains an edge detection image 20 of the welded part from the change in brightness around the heated part 201 using the captured image.
- conversion processing is performed from the number of pixels of the image to a length unit.
- a two-axis coordinate system of XY is used with the lower left end of the edge detection image 20 as the origin, and the length is treated as millimeters, but this is not limited to this.
- step S6 In the conversion processing from the number of pixels to the length unit, a standard sample such as a gauge is photographed in the same field of view in advance to detect the number of pixels per 100 mm, and conversion processing from the number of pixels to length is performed. With the above, the processing of step S6 is completed, and the welding management processing proceeds to the processing of step S7.
- the V-convergence point extraction unit 133 In the processing of step S7, the V-convergence point extraction unit 133 generates two straight lines that converge along the edge portion based on information on the edge detection image of the weld portion (an image of the area including both edges of the open pipe and the welding point where the two edges of the open pipe join and welding begins), and extracts the V-convergence point, which is the intersection of the two straight lines.
- the V convergence point extraction unit 133 performs image processing in the vertical direction (direction perpendicular to the welding direction (circumferential direction of the pipe)) from the opening 202 in a state where both edge portions are not joined to each other in the edge detection image 20 of the above-mentioned welded portion, and the position where the edge is first detected is set as a point on each edge portion.
- the V convergence point extraction unit 133 performs the same processing at several points (e.g., 3 to 10 points) in the entire length of the longitudinal direction of the opening 202.
- the V convergence point extraction unit 133 generates straight lines La, Lb that approximate both edge end faces of the open pipe by the least squares method from the multiple points detected on each edge portion.
- the opening 202 is a region sandwiched between the heated portions 201 of both edges, and the positions included in the opening 202 may be manually specified in advance before detecting the points on each edge portion, but is not limited to this.
- the V convergence point extraction unit 133 extracts the intersection of the straight lines La and Lb as the V convergence point 204 . This completes the process of step S7, and the welding management process proceeds to step S8.
- the V convergence angle calculation unit 134 calculates and extracts the V convergence angle ⁇ using the straight lines La and Lb calculated by the detection of both edges of the open pipe.
- the V convergence angle ⁇ in the edge detection image of the weld is the angle formed by the two straight lines La and Lb, and is the acute angle on the opening 202 side.
- the V convergence point 204 in the edge detection image of the weld is the intersection of the two straight lines La and Lb.
- the detected V convergence angle ⁇ can be calculated by the V convergence angle calculation unit 134 using a geometric formula.
- the V convergence point 204 can be calculated by the V convergence point extraction unit 133 using a geometric formula, and can be quantified and converted into coordinate data.
- the narrow gap length calculation unit 135 calculates and extracts the narrow gap length L, which is the distance between the V convergence point 204 and the point where the open pipe end faces 202a, 202b are actually physically joined (hereinafter referred to as the welding point 205 (see FIG. 3)).
- the narrow gap length calculation unit 135 first detects the position of the welding point 205.
- the narrow gap length calculation unit 135 judges whether or not there is an opening 202 downstream (welding direction side) of the position of the V convergence point 204. At this time, the narrow gap length calculation unit 135 judges that there is an opening 202 when pixels having a luminance smaller than a predetermined threshold value are continuously present in the welding direction downstream of the V convergence point 204.
- This judgment of the presence or absence of the opening 202 is repeatedly performed on the edge detection image 20 for a certain period of time, and the narrow gap length calculation unit 135 regards the most downstream position where it is judged that there is an opening 202 as the welding point 205 and detects it as coordinate data of the welding point 205.
- the time required for the judgment is preferably one cycle of the squeeze roll (SQ roll) or more.
- a vertical deviation between the positions of the V-convergence point 204 and the weld point 205 may occur due to twisting (circumferential rotation of the pipe) that occurs during the manufacture of the electric resistance welded steel pipe, but this can be adjusted by position correction as necessary.
- detection of the position of the weld point 205 even if this vertical deviation occurs, it is within a range that does not affect the detection result.
- the narrow gap length calculation unit 135 calculates the narrow gap length L by subtracting the position coordinate of the horizontal component of the coordinate data of the V convergence point 204 from the position coordinate of the horizontal component of the coordinate data of the welding point. Here, if it is determined that there is no opening 202 downstream (welding direction side) of the position of the V convergence point 204, the narrow gap length calculation unit 135 calculates the narrow gap length L as 0. This completes the process of step S9, and the welding management process proceeds to the process of step S10.
- the welding state determination unit 141 determines whether the electric resistance welding conditions are good or bad based on the ratio ⁇ T/Tc of the temperature difference ⁇ T between the outer surface temperature T0 and the inner surface temperature T1 of the pipe edge surface at the specified position relative to the wall thickness center temperature Tc, the V convergence angle ⁇ , and the narrow gap length L. Regarding this pass/fail judgment, the welding state judgment unit 141 may judge that the electric resistance welding conditions are good when the narrow gap length L is equal to or less than an upper limit value that is set in advance according to the ratio of the temperature difference ⁇ T to the wall thickness center temperature Tc: ⁇ T/Tc and the value of the V convergence angle ⁇ .
- the welding state determination unit may determine whether the electric resistance welding conditions are good or bad based on whether a ratio of the temperature difference ⁇ T to the wall thickness center temperature Tc, ⁇ T/Tc, is within a range that is set in advance in accordance with the value of the V-convergence angle ⁇ and the value of L.
- an evaluation test of a welded portion is performed offline using steel pipes obtained under various welding conditions. Then, the relationship between the obtained welded portion characteristics, the temperature Tc of the wall thickness center at a specified position, the temperature difference ⁇ T between the outer surface temperature T o and the inner surface temperature T i of the pipe edge surface at a specified position, the V convergence angle ⁇ , the narrow gap length L, and the evaluation test results of the welded portion is clarified in advance.
- the upper and lower limits of the allowable range of the ratio ⁇ T/Tc of the wall thickness center Tc at the specified position and the temperature difference ⁇ T between the outer surface temperature T o and the inner surface temperature T i of the pipe edge surface at the specified position are set.
- ⁇ T/Tc can be a positive or negative value.
- the absolute value of ⁇ T/Tc is large, that is, when ⁇ T is excessively large or Tc is excessively small, the discharge of the penetrator to the outside of the pipe is likely to be hindered. Therefore, as long as ⁇ T/Tc is within the upper and lower limits of the allowable positive and negative ranges, it indicates that the welding conditions are such that the discharge of the penetrator is not hindered.
- the narrow gap length L and the V convergence angle ⁇ are treated as parameters.
- Offline evaluation tests for the welded portion include a flattening test, an ultrasonic flaw detection test for detecting oxides in the welded portion (conforming to JIS G 0583 "Method for automatic eddy current inspection of steel pipes"), and a Charpy impact test using test pieces cut out from the welded portion (conforming to JIS Z 2242 "Method for Charpy impact test of metallic materials”), and the like, and a test method is selected according to the desired characteristics.
- the measurement position of the temperature difference ⁇ T between the wall thickness center Tc at the specified position and the outer and inner surfaces of the pipe edge surface at the specified position under various welding conditions is arbitrary, but the temperature is measured by the edge temperature information acquisition device 11 at a position closer to the forming machine than the squeeze rolls 41a, 41b (see FIG. 1 again), i.e., upstream (opposite to the welding direction). Furthermore, the edge temperature information acquisition device 11 measures the temperature at a position where the difference between the temperature of the wall thickness center Tc and the melting point of the pipe material is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
- the temperature is measured at a position where the difference between the temperature of the central portion Tc of the wall thickness and the melting point of the material of the tube (melting point (° C.) ⁇ Tc (° C.)) is 300° C. or less. If the temperature Tc of the central part of the wall thickness becomes lower than the melting point by more than 300°C, i.e., if the melting point (°C) of the material of the pipe - Tc (°C) exceeds 300°C, the heating process of both edges until welding becomes unclear, and it becomes difficult to recognize the relationship between the narrow gap length L and the temperature distribution at the end faces of both edges.
- the melting point (° C.) of the material of the tube minus Tc (° C.) is preferably 200° C. or less, and more preferably 100° C. or less.
- the welding management device 100 measures the wall thickness center Tc at the specified position, the temperature difference ⁇ T between the outer surface temperature T o and the inner surface temperature T i of the pipe edge surface at the specified position, and the narrow gap length L from the end face temperature distribution of the pipe edge, and calculates the average value of them.
- the averaging is performed from image data of 100 points.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of the flattening height test for the quality of electric resistance welds according to the ratio ( ⁇ T/Tc) of the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe at the edge of the electric resistance weld and the temperature at the center of the wall thickness and the value of the narrow gap length L.
- a flattening ratio H/D of the weld (maximum flattening ratio H/D) of 0.5 or less is regarded as pass and indicated as ⁇ , and a flattening ratio of more than 0.5 is regarded as fail and indicated as x.
- the welding condition determination unit 141 determines the boundary for this pass/fail determination and sets upper and lower limits of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc at any narrow gap length L.
- the boundary between pass/fail of the weld quality may be determined by, but is not limited to, a method of setting a boundary curve as a function of the narrow gap length L and recording it in the storage unit 143, or a method of setting upper and lower limits of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc for any narrow gap length L in advance and recording it in the storage unit 143.
- the welding condition determination unit 141 determines the boundary for similar pass/fail determination by changing the V convergence angle ⁇ with respect to the setting of the upper and lower limits of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc at any given narrow gap length L as described above. Furthermore, the welding condition determination unit 141 can set an upper limit for the narrow gap length L in accordance with ⁇ T/Tc and change the V convergence angle ⁇ to determine the boundary for pass/fail determination.
- the V convergence angle ⁇ can be adjusted by changing the fin width of the fin roll of the final fin pass stand that is located closest to the welding machine among the group of fin pass stands present upstream of the squeeze roll, but this is not limited to the above.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the quality of electric resistance welding according to the narrow gap length L and the value of ⁇ T/Tc at each of the V convergence angles ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3.
- the relationship between the narrow gap length L and the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc and the respective allowable ranges (flattening height acceptable ranges) are vertically arranged.
- the allowable range (flattening height acceptable range) of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc at any narrow gap length L obtained under the condition of any V convergence angle ⁇ 2 is calculated by interpolation.
- the variable is the angle ⁇
- the pass/fail judgment region R (L, ⁇ T/Tc) is a function of ⁇ .
- the pass/fail judgment region R2 of the assumed angle ⁇ 2 from the known regions R1 and R3 is calculated as a linear function of ⁇ .
- the pass/fail judgement regions R1 and R3 for ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 3 are known, for example, the lower limits
- the welding state determination unit 141 determines that the electric resistance welding conditions are good, and determines that the electric resistance welding conditions are unsuitable when the narrow gap length L is not greater than an upper limit value set in advance according to the values of ⁇ T/Tc and the V convergence angle ⁇ , and may determine that the electric resistance welding conditions are good when the narrow gap length L is not greater than an upper limit value set in advance according to the values of ⁇ T/Tc and the V convergence angle ⁇ , and may determine that the electric resistance welding conditions are unsuitable when the narrow gap length L is not satisfied.
- the results obtained in this process can be recorded in the storage unit 143. This completes the process of step S10, and the welding management process proceeds to step S11.
- step S11 the output unit 142 outputs the judgment of the quality of the welding conditions obtained in step S10 to the outside. Since the output to the outside requires the operator to recognize the judgment result, it is preferable to output to a graphic device, an alarm device, or the like provided in the welding management device 100. This completes the process of step S11, and ends the series of welding management processes.
- the welding management device for electric resistance welded steel pipes has been described above as an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention also provides a welding control method using the above-mentioned welding control device, a manufacturing method for electric resistance welded steel pipe including this welding control method, and a welding control system having the welding control device.
- the manufacturing method for electric welded steel pipe involves continuously bending a steel plate or steel strip in the circumferential direction, butting both edge portions together to form an open pipe, and then electric weld welding to continuously upset both edge portions of the butted open pipe.
- welding management is performed by the process (welding management method) performed by the welding system described above.
- the heating distribution of the end face and the narrow gap length during electric resistance welding are measured with high accuracy, and the amount of molten steel discharged after welding is also taken into consideration, thereby making it possible to suppress welding defects. More specifically, by reducing the temperature distribution in the thickness direction during electric resistance welding and improving the accuracy of heat input adjustment, welding defects can be suppressed.
- the upper and lower limits of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc at the narrow gap length L were derived.
- the position for measuring the temperature Tc at the center of the edge wall thickness and the temperature difference ⁇ T between the outer surface and the inner surface of the pipe edge surface at the above-mentioned specified position was set to a position 5 mm upstream (opposite the welding direction) from directly below the axis of the squeeze roll of the welding stand, and electric resistance welding was performed at a welding speed of 40 m/min by adjusting the edge bend forming during forming.
- the fin width of the fin roll of the final stand of the fin pass stand was changed, and the V convergence angle ⁇ was changed from 3 to 5° in 0.5° increments.
- the upper and lower limits of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc for an arbitrary narrow gap length L under each V convergence angle ⁇ condition were derived, where ⁇ T is the value obtained by subtracting the outer surface temperature To from the inner surface temperature Ti of the tube edge at the measurement position.
- a two-dimensional image of the temperature distribution before welding was obtained using a two-color thermometer camera with a frame rate of 20 fps, a number of pixels in the pipe longitudinal direction of 1920 pixels, a number of pixels in the pipe thickness direction of 1080 pixels, and a field of view in the pipe longitudinal direction of 50 mm.
- a CCD camera was used to obtain images before and after the welding part during welding with a frame rate of 20 fps, a number of pixels in the pipe longitudinal direction of 1920 pixels, and a field of view in the pipe longitudinal direction of 60 mm.
- the temperature Tc of the wall thickness center at the specified position of each frame the temperature difference ⁇ T between the outer surface temperature T o and the inner surface temperature T i of the pipe edge surface at the specified position, the narrow gap length L, and the V convergence angle ⁇ were calculated. Of these calculated data, 100 data were averaged to obtain the operation data under each welding condition.
- the steel pipe obtained by electric resistance welding was cut to a length of 100 mm, and a flattening test of the welded portion was performed based on JIS G3478:2015 to measure the flattening ratio H/D.
- the maximum value of the flattening ratio H/D thus obtained was measured five times and used as the quality data of the welded portion under each welding condition.
- the map showing the relationship between the narrow gap length L and the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc was reflected, and the conditions under which a steel pipe with a maximum flattening ratio H/D of 0.5 or less was obtained under each welding condition was set as pass, and the conditions under which a steel pipe with a maximum flattening ratio H/D of more than 0.5 was obtained was set as fail, and the boundary for pass/fail judgment was set.
- the upper and lower limit values of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc at the narrow gap length L that could not be measured in advance were determined by the upper and lower limit values of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc at the narrow gap length L that was known before and after the narrow gap length L.
- An interpolation calculation was performed using a linear function formula in which the known narrow gap length L was used as a function, and the upper and lower limit values of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc at the narrow gap length L that could not be measured were obtained.
- the upper and lower limit values of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc under the condition of a V convergence angle ⁇ that could not be measured in advance were the upper and lower limit values of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc at a certain narrow gap length L that was known before and after the condition.
- An interpolation calculation was performed using a linear function formula with the V convergence angle ⁇ as a function, and the upper and lower limit values of the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc under the condition of a V convergence angle ⁇ that could not be measured in advance were obtained. From the above, the allowable range of welding conditions was derived.
- the obtained steel pipe was cut to a length of 100 mm, and a flattening test of the welded part was performed based on JIS G3478:2015 to measure the flattening ratio.
- the flattening test was performed 10 times, and the condition that the flattening ratio H/D was 0.5 or less in 9 or more times was considered to be passed.
- Table 1 shows the pass/fail judgment results for the narrow gap length L, the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc, and the flattening ratio of the steel pipe for the passed inventive examples and the failed comparative examples.
- Example 1 the input power for electric resistance welding was adjusted so as to satisfy the allowable range of the relationship between the narrow gap length L and the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc under constant forming conditions.
- Example 2 the edge bend during molding was adjusted so as to satisfy the relationship between the narrow gap length L and the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc within the allowable range while keeping the input power constant.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 no welding management was performed during electric resistance welding, the welding power was adjusted, and the state of the discharged molten steel was confirmed only visually.
- Example 3 the input power for electric resistance welding was adjusted to satisfy the relationship between the narrow gap length L and the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc within the allowable range under constant forming conditions. In contrast, in Comparative Example 3, the distance between the work coil and the squeeze roll was increased from the conditions of Example 3, and welding management was not performed during electric resistance welding. The input power was adjusted so that the temperature difference T i -T o between the inner and outer surfaces of the edge portion was equivalent to that of Example 3. In Example 4, the electric power input for electric resistance welding was adjusted so as to satisfy the relationship between the narrow gap length L and the temperature ratio ⁇ T/Tc within the allowable range under constant forming conditions. In contrast, in Comparative Example 4, the edge bend amount was increased from the conditions of Example 4, and welding management during electric resistance welding was not performed. The electric power input was adjusted so that the temperature Tc at the center of the wall thickness of the edge portion was equivalent to that of Example 4.
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Abstract
Description
上記問題を解決する方法として、電縫鋼管の製造における溶接欠陥抑止には種々の技術が開示されており、例えば、電縫溶接現象を映像化し、かつ、溶融加熱過程におけるエッジ部の温度を測定した溶接工程の溶接管理システムが提案されている。
さらに、電縫溶接において、両エッジ部に沿って収束する2つの直線が幾何学的に成す角度(V収束角度θ)、および上記2つの直線の交点をV収束点としたとき、両エッジが接合して溶接を開始する溶接点とV収束点との間の距離である狭間隙長さLの関係に着目した。そして、本発明者らは、V収束角度θおよび狭間隙長さLが、スクイズロールによるアプセット後の溶接部に残存する酸化物(ペネトレータ)の形態および溶接部特性に及ぼす影響について鋭意研究を行った。その結果、以下のことが明らかになった。
従来、電縫溶接では、直接通電加熱方式、あるいは誘導加熱方式による高周波電流を用いた加熱を行っている。このとき、高周波加熱特有の加熱現象で、加熱の初期段階に表皮効果が発現する。そのため、肉厚中央部に比べて先にエッジ部の外表面および内表面側の温度が高温になる。このエッジ部の熱伝導により肉厚中央部への熱の移動が発生する。
この問題に対して、加熱過程において、肉厚中央部の近接効果を早期に発現させる必要がある。そのためには、V収束角度を調整することや、ワークコイルとスクイズロールとの距離を短くするといった対策を講じること等が必要になる。
また、加熱過程において、エッジ部の内面および外面の温度偏差は接合する両エッジの突合せ状態によって変化する。すなわち、電縫溶接において、管の円筒断面を正面(管軸方向正面)からみたときの両エッジの突合せが傾かず、両エッジ面が真正面から接合されるI形突合せが理想的であり、このときの両エッジ部の内面および外面の温度偏差はほぼ無く、スクイズロールによるアプセットにおいて管の内面側および外面側の外部へペネトレータが滞りなく排出される。
一方、両エッジの突合せが傾くと、エッジ部の接合面に均等な近接効果が発生せず、両エッジ間距離が短い箇所に加熱が偏ってしまう。例えば、円筒断面を正面からみたときの両エッジの突合せがV形突合せであればエッジ部の内面側、逆V形突合せであればエッジ部の外面側の温度上昇が顕著になり、両エッジ間距離が長くなった部位では加熱が不十分になってしまう。その結果、スクイズロールのアプセットにおいて、加熱が不十分であった側のペネトレータの排出が阻害され、溶接部品質の悪化の原因となる。
そのため、電縫溶接ではスクイズロールによるアプセットを行うまでの加熱工程において肉厚中央部の加熱の遅延と、エッジ部の内面および外面の温度偏差を抑制できる溶接条件を確立することが溶接部品質を確保するうえで重要である。
[1]鋼板又は鋼帯に対して周方向に曲げ加工を施し、両エッジ部を突き合わせてオープン管とし、その後突き合わせたオープン管の両エッジ部に対してアプセットする電縫溶接により製造する電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置であって、
電縫溶接前において、オープン管の少なくとも片側のエッジ部の肉厚方向の温度分布の情報に基づいて、前記エッジ部の外表面温度To、内表面温度Tiおよび肉厚中心温度Tcを検出する電縫溶接前エッジ温度検出部と、
前記外表面温度Toと前記内表面温度Tiとの温度差ΔTを算出するエッジ温度差算出部と、
前記オープン管の両エッジ部と、前記オープン管の両エッジ部が接合して溶接を開始する溶接点とを含む領域の画像情報に基づいて、
前記エッジ部に沿って収束する2つの直線を抽出して、前記2つの直線の交点であるV収束点を抽出するV収束点抽出部と、
前記2つの直線が成すV収束角度θを算出するV収束角度算出部と、
前記V収束点から前記溶接点までの距離を狭間隙長さLとして算出する狭間隙長さ算出部と、
前記肉厚中心温度Tcに対する前記温度差ΔTの割合:ΔT/Tc、前記V収束角度θおよび前記狭間隙長さLの情報に基づいて、電縫溶接条件の良否を判定する溶接状態判定部と、
を備える、電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置。
[2]前記溶接状態判定部は、
前記狭間隙長さLが、前記肉厚中心温度Tcに対する前記温度差ΔTの割合:ΔT/Tcおよび前記V収束角度θの値に応じて予め設定された上限値以下である場合に電縫溶接条件が良好であると判定する、前記[1]に記載の電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置。
[3]前記溶接状態判定部は、
前記肉厚中心温度Tcに対する前記温度差ΔTの割合:ΔT/Tcが、前記V収束角度θの値および前記Lの値に応じて予め設定された範囲内であるか否かで電縫溶接条件の良否を判定する、前記[1]または[2]に記載の電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置。
[4]鋼板又は鋼帯に対して周方向に曲げ加工を施し、両エッジ部を突き合わせてオープン管とし、その後突き合わせたオープン管の両エッジ部に対してアプセットする電縫溶接により製造する電縫鋼管の溶接管理方法であって、
電縫溶接前において、オープン管の少なくとも片側のエッジ部の温度分布の情報に基づいて、前記エッジ部の外表面温度To、内表面温度Tiおよび肉厚中心温度Tcを検出する電縫溶接前エッジ温度検出工程と、
前記外表面温度Toと前記内表面温度Tiとの温度差ΔTを算出するエッジ温度差算出工程と、
前記オープン管の両エッジ部と、前記オープン管の両エッジ部が接合して溶接を開始する溶接点とを含む領域の画像情報に基づいて、
前記エッジ部に沿って収束する2つの直線を抽出して、前記2つの直線の交点であるV収束点を抽出するV収束点抽出工程と、
前記2つの直線が成すV収束角度θを算出するV収束角度算出工程と、
前記V収束点から前記溶接点までの距離を狭間隙長さLとして算出する狭間隙長さ算出工程と、
前記肉厚中心温度Tcに対する前記温度差ΔTの割合:ΔT/Tc、前記V収束角度θおよび前記狭間隙長さLの情報に基づいて、電縫溶接条件の良否を判定する溶接状態判定工程と、
を含む、電縫鋼管の溶接管理方法。
[5]鋼板又は鋼帯に対して周方向に曲げ加工を施し、両エッジ部を突き合わせてオープン管とし、その後突き合わせたオープン管の両エッジ部に対してアプセットする電縫溶接により製造する電縫鋼管の製造方法であって、
前記電縫溶接の際、前記[4]に記載の電縫鋼管の溶接管理方法により溶接管理を行う、電縫鋼管の製造方法。
[6]前記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置と、
電縫溶接前において、オープン管の少なくとも片側のエッジ部の温度分布の情報を取得するエッジ温度情報取得装置と、
電縫溶接前において、オープン管の両エッジ部および該両エッジ部が収束して形成される溶接点を撮影する溶接部撮影装置と、
を備える、電縫鋼管の溶接管理システム。
この撮影機によりコンタクトチップ31a、31bと溶接スタンド40の間に位置するオープン管1のエッジ部の所定領域を肉厚方向に全厚撮影できるように、エッジ温度情報取得装置11は設置され、位置調整がなされる。エッジ温度情報取得装置11の撮影機は、少なくとも向い合う一方のエッジ部において管外面から管内面まで加熱された表面を撮影する。このとき、上記温度計としては放射温度計や、二色温度計などが挙げられるが、温度分布を取得できる温度計であればいずれでもよい。また、エッジ温度情報取得装置11は、光学系の調整のためのズームレンズや露光調整器などの調整器も有する。上記調整器は、撮影視野は100mm×40mmとし、分解能としては500μm/画素もしくはそれよりも高い分解能を確保することが好ましい。分解能は、100μm/画素もしくはそれよりも高い分解能であることがより好ましい。
このとき、撮影機(カメラ)の画素数は1920×1080以上であることが好ましい。分解能が500μm/画素よりも低い分解能であるとエッジ部温度の検出精度が悪化する場合がある。
また、溶接部撮影装置12には、光学系の調整のためのズームレンズや露光調整器などの調整器も含まれる。上記調整器は、撮影視野は100mm×40mmとし、分解能としては100μm/画素もしくはそれよりも高い分解能を確保することが好ましい。分解能は、50μm/画素もしくはそれよりも高い分解能であることがより好ましい。このとき、カメラの画素数は1920×1080以上であることが好ましい。分解能が100μm/画素よりも低い分解能であると、V収束点や溶接点の検出精度が悪化する場合がある。また、電縫溶接の溶接速度は、100m/minを超える速度で溶接される場合があり、撮影視野100mmの領域以内で、任意の撮影点を1回以上撮影するためにはフレーム速度を20fps(frames per second)以上に設定することが好ましい。フレーム速度が20fps未満の場合、電縫管の溶接部には溶接の画像解析が実施できていない領域が発生し、溶接欠陥を見逃す可能性がある。
また、溶接管理装置100は、溶接状態判定部141による判定結果を出力する出力部142を有してもよい。
溶接管理装置100は、ワークステーションやパソコン等の汎用コンピュータで構成され、CPU等による演算処理機能、GPU等による画像処理機能、後述の記憶部143の一例としてのROMやRAM等の各種メモリ機能を有する。また、溶接管理装置100は、その他、データ通信端子で接続されたハードディスク等の記録媒体、グラフィックへの表示装置やアラーム装置等の出力部を備える。
電縫溶接前エッジ温度検出部122は、空間座標算出部123(温度検出範囲の空間座標算出部123)と肉厚方向温度分布検出部124(指定位置肉厚方向温度分布検出部124)とを有していてよい。
空間座標算出部123では、温度分布の情報を得るための所定領域のエッジ部における、温度分布情報が含まれた画素情報に基づいて、3次元の空間の座標を算出する。
特に限定されないが、空間座標算出部123は、2次元座標として表示し得る画像データに基づいて空間座標を算出することができる。空間座標算出部123は、2次元の画像データ内の画像そのものに対してX座標およびY座標を設定し、さらに、画像の奥行方向にZ座標を設定し、画像データを3次元データとして扱うことができる。
また、肉厚方向温度分布検出部(指定位置肉厚方向温度分布検出部)124では、管長手方向の予め設定された位置における温度分布の検出を行う。肉厚方向温度分布検出部124は、少なくとも、エッジ部の外表面温度To、内表面温度Tiを検出する。また、肉厚方向温度分布検出部124は、肉厚中心温度Tcも検出する。
エッジ温度分布処理部121における上記の処理と並行して、まず、管エッジ画像検出部132では、溶接画像の情報に基づいて、V収束点周辺の赤熱したエッジ部の両端を検出する。
エッジ温度分布処理部121は、撮像された画像情報を含む温度分布の情報のうち、エッジ部の接合面上の2次元の温度分布の情報、すなわち、管長手方向と肉厚方向の2次元の温度分布の情報を検出する。
これにより、ステップS1の処理は完了し、溶接管理処理はステップS2の処理に進む。
管の長手方向の任意の位置については、特に限定されないが、スクイズロール41a、41bのロール中央部に対して溶接方向の反対方向へ3mmの位置から、スクイズロール41a、41bのロール中央部と、コンタクトチップ31あるいはワークコイル(図示せず)との中間位置までにおける任意の位置であることが好ましい。
肉厚方向温度分布検出部124が温度分布を検出する範囲は、指定した管の長手位置に対して±0.5mmの長手方向の領域を含み、肉厚方向温度分布検出部124はエッジ部の全厚の領域を検出する。
エッジ部の外表面および内表面に該当する角部は、高周波加熱特有の表皮効果によって、角部以外の平坦部などに比べ加熱されやすい傾向を示す。
そのため、肉厚方向の温度分布は、エッジ部の外面および内面の角部位置を頂点(ピーク)とした温度分布となる。この特徴より、全厚領域の判定として、肉厚方向の温度分布に基づいて、エッジ部の外面および内面位置に検出されたピーク間の距離を、管の肉厚と判定する。そして、その判定した管の肉厚(管肉厚判定値)と、予め設定していた管の肉厚(実肉厚)との誤差が±3%以内であれば、温度分布測定結果は十分な精度が得られていると判断する。
上記誤差が±3%以内の範囲になければ、エッジ温度分布情報取得装置11の視野調整を行い、再度、ステップS1~S3の処理を行い、上記誤差が±3%以内になるまで繰り返す。これにより、ステップS3の処理は完了し、溶接管理処理はステップS4の処理に進む。
具体的には、上記の検出した肉厚方向の温度分布の情報を用いて、電縫溶接前エッジ温度検出部122(肉厚方向温度分布検出部124)が、エッジ部の管外表面および管内表面位置における温度情報のピーク中央位置(ピークの頂点位置)の温度をそれぞれ、外表面温度To、内表面温度Tiとして検出する。
また、電縫溶接前エッジ温度検出部122(肉厚方向温度分布検出部124)は、管エッジ部の外表面および内表面位置における温度のピーク間の中央部位置の温度を検出し、これを肉厚中央部の温度Tcとする。
これにより、ステップS4の処理は完了し、溶接管理処理はステップS5の処理に進む。
まず、管エッジ画像検出部132は、撮像された画像を用いて加熱部201周辺の輝度の変化から、溶接部のエッジ検出画像20を得る。また、同時に画像の画素数から長さ単位へ換算処理を行う。ここでは、エッジ検出画像20の左下の端部を原点としたXYの2軸の座標系とし、長さをミリメートルとして扱うが、この限りではない。画素数から長さ単位への換算処理においてはあらかじめ、ゲージなどの標準試料を同一の視野で撮影することで、100mmあたりの画素数を検出し、画素数から長さへの換算処理を行う。以上により、ステップS6の処理は完了し、溶接管理処理はステップS7の処理に進む。
V収束点抽出部133は、直線La、Lbの交点をV収束点204として抽出する。
これにより、ステップS7の処理は完了し、溶接管理処理はステップS8の処理に進む。
溶接部のエッジ検出画像におけるV収束点204はLa、Lbの2直線が成す交点である。検出されたV収束角度θについては、V収束角度算出部134が、幾何学的な式を用いて算出することができる。また、V収束点204については、V収束点抽出部133が、それぞれ幾何学的な式を用いて算出し、数値化および座標データ化を行うことができる。これにより、ステップS8の処理は完了し、溶接管理処理はステップS9の処理に進む。
狭間隙長さ算出部135は、V収束点204の位置よりも下流側(溶接方向側)に開口部202の有無を判定する。このとき、狭間隙長さ算出部135は、V収束点204よりも下流側において所定の閾値よりも小さい輝度を有する画素が溶接方向に連続的に存在する場合を開口部202有りと判定する。この開口部202の有無の判定は一定時間の間におけるエッジ検出画像20で繰り返し行い、狭間隙長さ算出部135は、開口部202有りと判定された最下流位置を溶接点205とみなし、溶接点205の座標データとして検出する。判定に要する時間はスクイズロール(SQロール)1周期以上であることが好ましい。
なお、V収束点204の位置と溶接点205の位置との鉛直方向側のずれについては、電縫鋼管の製造中に生じるねじれ(管の周方向の回転)により発生する可能性があるが、必要に応じて位置補正により調整することができる。しかしながら、上述した溶接点205の位置検出において、この鉛直方向側のずれは発生しても検出結果に影響しない範囲内である。
この良否判定について、溶接状態判定部141は、狭間隙長さLが、肉厚中心温度Tcに対する上記温度差ΔTの割合:ΔT/TcおよびV収束角度θの値に応じて予め設定された上限値以下である場合に電縫溶接条件が良好であると判定してもよい。
また、溶接状態判定部は、肉厚中心温度Tcに対する前記温度差ΔTの割合:ΔT/Tcが、V収束角度θの値および前記Lの値に応じて予め設定された範囲内であるか否かで電縫溶接条件の良否を判定してもよい。
ΔT/Tcは正負の値を取り得る。ΔT/Tcの絶対値が大きい場合、すなわち、ΔTが過度に大きい、あるいはTcが過度に小さい場合、管外部へのペネトレータの排出が阻害されやすい。よって、ΔT/Tcについては、正負の許容範囲の上下限内であれば、ペネトレータの排出が阻害されていない溶接条件であることを示している。
上記許容範囲の設定においては、上記狭間隙長さLと、上記V収束角度θとをパラメーターとして扱う。オフラインでの溶接部の評価試験はへん平試験、溶接部中の酸化物を検知する超音波探傷試験(JIS G 0583『鋼管の自動渦電流探傷検査方法』に準じる)、溶接部から試験片を切出したシャルピー衝撃試験(JIS Z 2242『金属材料のシャルピー衝撃試験方法』に準じる)等があるが、所望の特性に合わせて試験方法を選定する。
例えば、上記肉厚中央部Tcの温度と管の素材の融点との差(該融点(℃)-Tc(℃))が300℃以下となる位置で温度測定が行われる。
上記肉厚中央部Tcが融点よりも300℃を超えて低くなった場合、すなわち、上記管の素材の融点(℃)-Tc(℃)が300℃超となる場合、溶接するまでの両エッジの加熱過程が不明確になり、上記狭間隙長さLと両エッジ端面の温度分布の関係性が認められにくくなる。
上記の温度測定において、管の素材の融点(℃)-Tc(℃)は、200℃以下であることが好ましく、100℃以下であることがより好ましい。
図5に示す例では、溶接部のへん平率H/D(へん平率H/Dの最大値)が0.5以下を合格として〇と表記し、0.5超で不合格として×と表記する。溶接状態判定部141は、この合否判定の境界を定め、任意の上記狭間隙長さLにおける温度比ΔT/Tcの上下限を設定する。溶接部品質の合否の境界については、狭間隙長さLを関数として境界曲線を設定して記憶部143に記録する方法や、任意の狭間隙長さLに対して、温度比ΔT/Tcの上下限をあらかじめ設定して記憶部143に記録する方法などがあるがこの限りではない。
また、溶接状態判定部141は、狭間隙長さLについて、ΔT/Tcに応じて上限値を設定し、V収束角度θを変更して、合否判定の境界を定めることもできる。
V収束角度θは、スクイズロールよりも上流側に存在するフィンパススタンド群のうち最も溶接機側に配置される最終フィンパススタンドのフィンロールのフィン幅を変更することで調整することができるが、この限りではない。
図6は、V収束角度θ1~θ3それぞれにおいて、狭間隙長さLとΔT/Tcの値に応じた電縫溶接の良否結果を説明するための概念図である。図6では、狭間隙長さLと温度比ΔT/Tcの関係およびそれぞれの許容範囲(へん平高さ合格範囲)を縦に並べた概念図を示す。
任意のV収束角度θ2の条件から得られた任意の狭間隙長さLにおける温度比ΔT/Tcの許容範囲(へん平高さ合格範囲)を内挿計算から算出する。
この算出方法の具体例については、例えば、まず、変数を角度θとし、合格判定の領域R(L,ΔT/Tc)はθの関数とする。既知の領域R1とR3から想定している角度θ2の合格判定領域R2をθの一次関数で計算する。
図6を参照しながら説明すると、θ1とθ3の合格判定領域R1とR3が分かっているとき、例えば、各領域における同一の狭間隙長さLに対するΔT/Tcの下限|ΔT/Tc|1、|ΔT/Tc|3を求める。
次に、これら2点(θ1、L、|ΔT/Tc|1)と(θ3、L、|ΔT/Tc|3)を結ぶ直線を引く。これにより、|ΔT/Tc|はθの一次関数として表すことができるため、任意の角度θ2において、狭間隙長さLにおける下限|ΔT/Tc|2が求められる。これを繰り返し行い、合格領域全体を導出する。
なお、この処理で得られた結果については、記憶部143に記録しておくことができる。これにより、ステップS10の処理は完了し、溶接管理処理はステップS11の処理に進む。
本発明では、上述した溶接管理装置に用いた溶接管理方法、この溶接管理方法を含む電縫鋼管の製造方法、さらには溶接管理装置を有する溶接管理システムも提供される。
電縫鋼管の製造方法は、鋼板又は鋼帯に対して周方向に連続的な曲げ加工を施し、両エッジ部を突き合わせてオープン管とし、その後突き合わせたオープン管の両エッジ部に対して、連続的にアプセットする電縫溶接により製造する電縫鋼管の製造方法であって、電縫溶接の際、前述した溶接システムにより行われる処理(溶接管理方法)により溶接管理を行う。
より具体的には、電縫溶接時の肉厚方向の温度分布を小さくし、入熱調整の精度を向上させることで、溶接欠陥を抑止することができる。
このとき、フィンパススタンドの最終スタンドのフィンロールのフィン幅を変更してV収束角度θを3~5°まで0.5°ピッチで変更した。
そして、各V収束角度θ条件における、任意の狭間隙長さLに対する温度比ΔT/Tcの上下限を導出した。ここで、ΔTは測定位置における管エッジの内表面温度Tiから外表面温度Toを引いた値である。
本実施例において、予め測定できていない狭間隙長さLにおける温度比ΔT/Tcの上下限の値は、その前後で明らかになっている狭間隙長さLにおける温度比ΔT/Tcの上下限の値を用いた。上記明らかになっている狭間隙長さLを関数にした一次関数式を用いて、内挿計算を行い、測定できていない狭間隙長さLにおける温度比ΔT/Tcの上下限の値を得た。
同様に、本実施例において、予め測定できていないV収束角度θの条件における温度比ΔT/Tcの上下限の値は、その前後で明らかになっている一定の狭間隙長さLにおける温度比ΔT/Tcの上下限の値を用いた。上記V収束角度θを関数にした一次関数式を用いて、内挿計算を行い、予め測定できていないV収束角度θの条件における温度比ΔT/Tcの上下限の値を得た。
以上のことから溶接条件の許容範囲を導出した。
ここでは、エッジ肉厚中央部の温度Tcおよび上記指定位置の管エッジ表面の外表面と内表面との温度差ΔTの測定条件や狭間隙長さLと、前記V収束角度θを測定する方法は前記共用範囲の導出の条件と同じである。図7に上記条件であらかじめ導出していた溶接条件の許容範囲例を示す。また、得られた鋼管を100mm長さに切り出し、JIS G3478:2015に基づいて溶接部のへん平試験を行い、へん平率を測定した。へん平試験を10回行い、いずれにおいても、9回以上のへん平率H/Dが0.5以下であった条件を合格とした。
発明例1は、成形条件一定のもと許容範囲の狭間隙長さL、温度比ΔT/Tcの関係を満たすように電縫溶接の投入電力を調整した。
発明例2は、投入電力一定のもと許容範囲の狭間隙長さL、温度比ΔT/Tcの関係を満たすように成形中のエッジベンドを調整した。
これに対して、比較例1、2は、電縫溶接時の溶接管理を行わず、溶接電力を調整し、排出溶鋼の状態を目視のみで確認した。
発明例3は、成形条件一定のもと許容範囲の狭間隙長さL、温度比ΔT/Tcの関係を満たすように電縫溶接の投入電力を調整した。これに対して比較例3は、発明例3の条件から、ワークコイル-スクイズロール間距離を長くし、かつ、電縫溶接時の溶接管理を行わず、エッジ部の内外面の温度差Ti-Toが発明例3と同等になるように投入電力を調整した。
発明例4は、成形条件一定のもと許容範囲の狭間隙長さL、温度比ΔT/Tcの関係を満たすように電縫溶接の投入電力を調整した。これに対して比較例4は、発明例4の条件から、エッジベンド量を大きくし、かつ、電縫溶接時の溶接管理を行わず、エッジ部の肉厚中央部の温度Tcが発明例4と同等になるように投入電力を調整した。
2 フィンパスロール
3 高周波発振装置
31、31a、31b コンタクトチップ
40 溶接スタンド
41a、41b スクイズロール
42a、42b トップロール
10 溶接管理システム
11 エッジ温度情報取得装置
12 溶接部撮影装置
100 溶接管理装置
110 入力部
111 エッジ温度分布データ入力部
112 溶接部撮影データ入力部
121 エッジ温度分布処理部
122 電縫溶接前エッジ温度検出部
123 空間座標算出部
124 肉厚方向温度分布検出部
125 エッジ温度差算出部
131 溶接画像処理部
132 管エッジ画像検出部
133 V収束点抽出部
134 V収束角度算出部
135 狭間隙長さ算出部
141 溶接状態判定部
142 出力部
143 記憶部
20 溶接部画像のエッジ検出画像
201 加熱部
202 開口部
202a、202b オープン管の両エッジ端面
La、Lb 直線
θ V収束角度
203 溶接ビード
204 V収束点(接合点)
205 溶接点
L 狭間隙長さ
Claims (6)
- 鋼板又は鋼帯に対して周方向に曲げ加工を施し、両エッジ部を突き合わせてオープン管とし、その後突き合わせたオープン管の両エッジ部に対してアプセットする電縫溶接により製造する電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置であって、
電縫溶接前において、オープン管の少なくとも片側のエッジ部の肉厚方向の温度分布の情報に基づいて、前記エッジ部の外表面温度To、内表面温度Tiおよび肉厚中心温度Tcを検出する電縫溶接前エッジ温度検出部と、
前記外表面温度Toと前記内表面温度Tiとの温度差ΔTを算出するエッジ温度差算出部と、
前記オープン管の両エッジ部と、前記オープン管の両エッジ部が接合して溶接を開始する溶接点とを含む領域の画像情報に基づいて、
前記エッジ部に沿って収束する2つの直線を抽出して、前記2つの直線の交点であるV収束点を抽出するV収束点抽出部と、
前記2つの直線が成すV収束角度θを算出するV収束角度算出部と、
前記V収束点から前記溶接点までの距離を狭間隙長さLとして算出する狭間隙長さ算出部と、
前記肉厚中心温度Tcに対する前記温度差ΔTの割合:ΔT/Tc、前記V収束角度θおよび前記狭間隙長さLの情報に基づいて、電縫溶接条件の良否を判定する溶接状態判定部と、
を備える、電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置。 - 前記溶接状態判定部は、
前記狭間隙長さLが、前記肉厚中心温度Tcに対する前記温度差ΔTの割合:ΔT/Tcおよび前記V収束角度θの値に応じて予め設定された上限値以下である場合に電縫溶接条件が良好であると判定する、請求項1に記載の電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置。 - 前記溶接状態判定部は、
前記肉厚中心温度Tcに対する前記温度差ΔTの割合:ΔT/Tcが、前記V収束角度θの値および前記Lの値に応じて予め設定された範囲内であるか否かで電縫溶接条件の良否を判定する、請求項1または2に記載の電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置。 - 鋼板又は鋼帯に対して周方向に曲げ加工を施し、両エッジ部を突き合わせてオープン管とし、その後突き合わせたオープン管の両エッジ部に対してアプセットする電縫溶接により製造する電縫鋼管の溶接管理方法であって、
電縫溶接前において、オープン管の少なくとも片側のエッジ部の温度分布の情報に基づいて、前記エッジ部の外表面温度T0、内表面温度Tiおよび肉厚中心温度Tcを検出する電縫溶接前エッジ温度検出工程と、
前記外表面温度Toと前記内表面温度Tiとの温度差ΔTを算出するエッジ温度差算出工程と、
前記オープン管の両エッジ部と、前記オープン管の両エッジ部が接合して溶接を開始する溶接点とを含む領域の画像情報に基づいて、
前記エッジ部に沿って収束する2つの直線を抽出して、前記2つの直線の交点であるV収束点を抽出するV収束点抽出工程と、
前記2つの直線が成すV収束角度θを算出するV収束角度算出工程と、
前記V収束点から前記溶接点までの距離を狭間隙長さLとして算出する狭間隙長さ算出工程と、
前記肉厚中心温度Tcに対する前記温度差ΔTの割合:ΔT/Tc、前記V収束角度θおよび前記狭間隙長さLの情報に基づいて、電縫溶接条件の良否を判定する溶接状態判定工程と、
を含む、電縫鋼管の溶接管理方法。 - 鋼板又は鋼帯に対して周方向に曲げ加工を施し、両エッジ部を突き合わせてオープン管とし、その後突き合わせたオープン管の両エッジ部に対してアプセットする電縫溶接により製造する電縫鋼管の製造方法であって、
前記電縫溶接の際、請求項4に記載の電縫鋼管の溶接管理方法により溶接管理を行う、電縫鋼管の製造方法。 - 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置と、
電縫溶接前において、オープン管の少なくとも片側のエッジ部の温度分布の情報を取得するエッジ温度情報取得装置と、
電縫溶接前において、オープン管の両エッジ部および該両エッジ部が収束して形成される溶接点を撮影する溶接部撮影装置と、
を備える、電縫鋼管の溶接管理システム。
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| KR1020257012559A KR20250073223A (ko) | 2022-10-27 | 2023-09-07 | 전봉 강관의 용접 관리 장치, 전봉 강관의 용접 관리 방법, 전봉 강관의 제조 방법 및 전봉 강관의 용접 관리 시스템 |
| EP23882264.7A EP4585350A1 (en) | 2022-10-27 | 2023-09-07 | Electrical resistance welded steel pipe welding management device, electrical resistance welded steel pipe welding management method, electrical resistance welded steel pipe manufacturing method, and electrical resistance welded steel pipe welding management system |
| CN202380073237.XA CN119998073A (zh) | 2022-10-27 | 2023-09-07 | 电阻焊钢管的焊接管理装置、焊接管理方法、制造方法以及焊接管理系统 |
| JP2023569745A JP7435930B1 (ja) | 2022-10-27 | 2023-09-07 | 電縫鋼管の溶接管理装置、電縫鋼管の溶接管理方法、電縫鋼管の製造方法および電縫鋼管の溶接管理システム |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52123949A (en) * | 1976-04-10 | 1977-10-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method of conrolling welding heat input in production of electric welded tubes |
| JPH1133621A (ja) | 1997-07-22 | 1999-02-09 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 溶接温度測定方法及び装置並びに溶接管製造方法及び装置 |
| JP5079929B2 (ja) | 2010-03-23 | 2012-11-21 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 高周波抵抗溶接及び誘導加熱溶接の操業管理装置、操業管理方法及び操業管理プログラム |
| WO2013157422A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-24 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 電縫溶接操業管理装置、電縫溶接操業管理方法、及びコンピュータプログラム |
| JP5549963B2 (ja) | 2011-11-09 | 2014-07-16 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 電縫溶接操業の監視装置、方法、プログラム、及び記憶媒体 |
-
2023
- 2023-09-07 WO PCT/JP2023/032693 patent/WO2024090051A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52123949A (en) * | 1976-04-10 | 1977-10-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method of conrolling welding heat input in production of electric welded tubes |
| JPH1133621A (ja) | 1997-07-22 | 1999-02-09 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 溶接温度測定方法及び装置並びに溶接管製造方法及び装置 |
| JP5079929B2 (ja) | 2010-03-23 | 2012-11-21 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 高周波抵抗溶接及び誘導加熱溶接の操業管理装置、操業管理方法及び操業管理プログラム |
| JP5549963B2 (ja) | 2011-11-09 | 2014-07-16 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 電縫溶接操業の監視装置、方法、プログラム、及び記憶媒体 |
| WO2013157422A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-24 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 電縫溶接操業管理装置、電縫溶接操業管理方法、及びコンピュータプログラム |
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